2024届贵州省黔东南州高三下学期二模考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1. What des the wman ask the man t d?
A. G t the playgrund. B. Get ut f the elevatr. C. Stp jumping in the elevatr.
2. What will happen abut the city center?
A. There will be mre pllutin.
B. There will be mre bicyele tracks.
C. There will be mre parking areas.
3. Hw will the wman pay?
A. In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
4. Why is the wman unsatisfied with the fish?
A. It tastes terrible. B. It is served t late. C. It's nt what she rdered.
5. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a theatre. C. At a gas statin.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所维的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Wh des the man want t speak t?
A. Mary Jnes. B. ack Stewart. C. David Bwie.
7. When will the training curse start?
A. On June 12th. B. On July 12th. C. Ob July 22nd.
听第7段材料。回答第8、9题。
8. Hw much is the rent fr the extra large tent per day?
A $ 10. B. $ 50. C. $ 60.
9. What will the man d next?
A. Reserve a tent. B. Lk fr a camping site. C. Change ber camping plan.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When will the man tur the campus?
A. On Mnday mrning. B. On Mnday afternn. C. On Tuesday afternn.
11. Which year f cllege are the speakers prbably in nw?
A. The third year. B. The secnd year. C. The first year.
12. What activity will the man take part in n Tuesday mrning?
A. Library Tur. B. Student Unin Inductin. C. Careers Lecture.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What psitin is the man applying fr?
A. A music teacher. B. A radi hst. C. A TV prducer.
14. What des the man say abut sending e-mails?
A. He is gd at it. B. He needs time t practice. C. He prefers making phne calls.
15. What des the jb invlve accrding t the wman?
A. A lt f traffic. B. Getting up early. C. Dealing with cmplaints.
16. Wh appears in the man's reference list?
A. His frmer bss. B. His frmer classmate. C. His frmer clleague.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When will the race be held this year?
A. On May 11th. B. On May 23rd. C. On May 24th.
18. Where des the race start?
A. At the ftball grund. B. On the nrth side f the park. C. At the main entrance f the park.
19. What can every runner get this year?
A. A water bttle. B. A T-shirt. C. A pair f running shes.
20. Wh can run in the race free f charge?
A. Children under the age f 8. B. Children between 8 and 15. C. Adults wh have registered in advance.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
A
Fur Females Of Empwerment And Success
Given that the wrld has largely perated as a male-dminated sciety fr mst f human histry, it cmes as n surprise that wmen have faced lts f bstacles t succeed. But frtunately, times are changing. These fur wmen vercame incredibly difficult barriers that enabled them t leave an everlasting mark.
Ellen Jhnsn Sirleaf: The First Female Head f State in Africa
When Ellen Jhnsn Sirleaf was elected president f Liberia in 2006, she made histry by becming the first female head f an African natin. Thrughut her 12 years as president, she did a lt t help rebuild civil war-trn Liberia's ecnmy and infrastructure, and was even the 2011 winner f the Nbel Peace Prize.
Benazir Bhutt: The First Female Prime Minister f Pakistan
Althugh Pakistan is a cuntry where men traditinally hld pwer, this didn’t stp the vters frm electing Benazir Bhutt as their prime minister, a first in the Muslim wrld. Amng her cntributins were champining wmen’s rights and imprving scial cnditins fr thse struggling the mst.
Jessica Cx: The Wrld’s First Armless Pilt
The fact that Jessica Cx was brn withut arms didn’t stp her frm achieving things that mst peple with arms are incapable f ding: namely, learning t fly an airplane. She did this by using her feet, which was hw she perfrmed ther everyday tasks such as driving and typing! In becming the wrld’s first licensed pilt withut arms, she served as a pwerful advcate fr peple with physical disabilities.
Katherine Jhnsn: The Mathematical Space Genius
Thanks t the 2016 film Hidden Figures, cuntless peple are nw familiar with Katherine Jhnsn’s amazing stry. An emplyee at NASA wh played an imprtant rle in the first mn landing, Jhnsn’s mathematical talents earned her the nickname "the human cmputer".
1. What did Ellen Jhnsn Sirleaf and Benazir Bhutt have in cmmn?
A. Winning a Nbel Prize.B. Urging the equality f wmen rights.
C. Being the first female plitical heads.D. Cntributing t the ecnmic recvery.
2. Hw was Jessica Cx different frm ther females?
A. She devted herself t space explratin.B. She struggled t gain access t educatin.
C. She was the first female t fly an airplane.D. She inspired peple with physical disabilities.
3. Wh rse t fame thrugh a film?
A. Katherine Jhnsn.B. Benazir Bhutt.
C. Jessica Cx.D. Ellen Jhnsn Sirleaf.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几位成功女性。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When Ellen Jhnsn Sirleaf was elected president f Liberia in 2006, she made histry by becming the first female head f an African natin. (当埃伦·约翰逊·瑟利夫在2006年当选利比里亚总统时，她创造了历史，成为第一位非洲国家的女性领导人。)”和文章第三段“Althugh Pakistan is a cuntry where men traditinally hld pwer, this didn’t stp the vters frm electing Benazir Bhutt as their prime minister, a first in the Muslim wrld. (尽管巴基斯坦是一个传统上由男性掌权的国家，但这并没有阻止选民选举贝娜齐尔·布托为他们的总理，这在穆斯林世界是第一次。)”可知，Ellen Jhnsn Sirleaf和Benazir Bhutt的共同之处在于她们是各自国家的首位女性领导人。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The fact that Jessica Cx was brn withut arms didn’t stp her frm achieving things that mst peple with arms are incapable f ding: namely, learning t fly an airplane. She did this by using her feet, which was hw she perfrmed ther everyday tasks such as driving and typing! In becming the wrld’s first licensed pilt withut arms, she served as a pwerful advcate fr peple with physical disabilities. (杰西卡·考克斯(Jessica Cx)出生时没有手臂，但这并没有阻止她完成大多数有手臂的人无法完成的事情：也就是说，学会驾驶飞机。她用脚来做这件事，这是她完成其他日常任务的方式，比如开车和打字！在成为世界上第一个没有手臂的有执照的飞行员时，她成为了身体残疾人士的有力倡导者。)”可知，Jessica Cx身残志坚，成了第一位无臂女性飞机驾驶员，这鼓舞了很多身有残疾的人。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Thanks t the 2016 film Hidden Figures, cuntless peple are nw familiar with Katherine Jhnsn’s amazing stry. (多亏了2016年的电影《隐藏人物》，无数人现在熟悉了凯瑟琳·约翰逊的神奇故事。)”可知，Katherine Jhnsn是通过一部电影被广泛知晓的。故选A。
B
If there’s ne thing I’ve realized since becming a male cllege student, it’s that finding a summer jb is nearly impssible. I’ve applied t s many places and I’ve experienced s many interviews, but I always either get straight-up refusal r never hear frm the cmpany again.
One time, I even called ne f the cmpanies multiple times, but the manager avided me. I was clse t giving up. I felt like I was the nly ne struggling hard. I had a pretty gd resume, and I always dressed nicely fr my interviews, s why culdn’t I get a jb?
Well, the reasn is actually right in frnt f me—I am a student. Cmpanies generally want students wh can wrk all year lng, but mst f them aren’t willing t be flexible with schedules. I culdn’t tell yu hw many times interviewers tld me that they were lking fr smene permanent.
I tried lking fr jbs marked as temprary nes. And I even nce tried t apply thrugh a temprary agency. But it didn’t wrk. Even if I wanted t wrk during the schl year, nne f the cmpanies wanted t hire me because f my limited weekday availability. And despite nt knwing if I culd juggle (尽量兼顾) bth schl and a jb, I even started t tell interviewers that I wuld like t wrk during the schl year and give up my weekends. But I had n luck.
I’m nt sure if there are thers like me ut there. But if yu are ging thrugh smething similar, what I want t tell yu is t keep n trying. Despite being rejected s many times, I still applied fr any jb that I was qualified fr. I even started my jb search befre the semester ended t get ahead. Eventually, I gt my ideal summer jb.
I knw it’s frustrating, and yu may feel like yu’ve tried everything—that’s hw I’ve felt fr a lng time. And nw, with cmpanies requiring years f experience, it’s even harder t get a jb if yu’re smene like me. But dn’t give up. Keep searching and applying, sign up fr sites that send yu jb ffers and lk n the university’s website fr n-campus jbs.
4. What des the authr want t cnvey in paragraph 2?
A. His brilliant academic recrds.
B. The cause f his unemplyment.
C. His jbless cnfusin in summer.
D. The scial prejudice t graduates.
5. Why did the temprary agency fail the authr?
A. He was trubled with schlwrk.
B. He was thught t have tight wrk time.
C. He was unwilling t balance study and wrk.
D. He was regarded as an inexperienced student.
6. What can be cncluded frm paragraph 5?
A. Well begun is half dne.
B. Actins speak luder than wrds.
C. Everything cmes t him wh waits.
D. All wrk and n play makes Jack a dull by.
7. What is the authr’s main purpse in writing the last paragraph?
A. T give advice.B. T crrect an errr.
C. T cmpare ccupatins.D. T recall regrettable experiences.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者作为一名大学生找暑期工作频频受挫，但他没有放弃，最终找到了理想的暑期工作。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One time, I even called ne f the cmpanies multiple times, but the manager avided me. I was clse t giving up．I felt like I was the nly ne struggling hard. I had a pretty gd resume, and I always dressed nicely fr my interviews, s why culdn’t I get a jb? (有一次，我甚至多次给其中一家公司打电话，但经理没有见我。我几乎要放弃了。我觉得只有我一个人在苦苦挣扎。我有一份很好的简历，面试时我总是穿着得体，所以为什么我找不到工作呢？)”可知，作者想在第2段中表达他失业时的困惑。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Even if I wanted t wrk during the schl year, nne f the cmpanies wanted t hire me because f my limited weekday availability. And despite nt knwing if I culd juggle (尽量兼顾) bth schl and a jb, I even started t tell interviewers that I wuld like t wrk during the schl year and give up my weekends. But I had n luck. (即使我想在学年期间工作，也没有一家公司愿意雇佣我，因为我工作日的可用性有限。尽管我不知道自己是否能兼顾学校和工作，但我甚至开始告诉面试官，我想在学年工作，放弃周末。但我没有运气。)”可知，临时代理机构不愿意接纳作者是因为他们认为他工作时间很紧。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Despite being rejected s many times, I still applied fr any jb that I was qualified fr. I even started my jb search befre the semester ended t get ahead. Eventually, I gt my ideal summer jb. (尽管被拒绝了很多次，我仍然申请了任何我有资格的工作。我甚至在学期结束前就开始找工作，最终找到了理想的暑期工作。)”可知，只要一个人愿意等待，事情必将会发生。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But dn’t give up. Keep searching and applying, sign up fr sites that send yu jb ffers and lk n the university’s website fr n-campus jbs. (但不要放弃。继续搜索和申请，注册向你发送工作邀请的网站，并在大学网站上寻找校内工作。)”可知，作者写最后一段的主要目的是提供建议。故选A。
C
By experiencing the sensatins f the reality arund us, we create a subjective understanding f what reality is. Language came int being with the develpment f mankind. It requires the use f mre than ne f the basic five human senses, which shws that language is a cmplex prcess that brings huge pwer alng with it. This pwer is s strng that it can demnstrate that language can influence the way we think. Language can be an amazing tl fr change, bth psitive and negative.
Language can cmpletely change ur perceptin f time. The changed perceptin f time isn’t the nly way language affects hw we think. Our sense f self is als significantly changed, especially if a persn is bilingual (双语的). Depending n which language a persn wh is bilingual is using, his sense f self changes. The differences may even becme s great as t change his persnalities.
Wrd teaching plays an imprtant part in educatin, s t expand language is t expand the ability t think. We can see this in children, whse thinking develps hand in hand with language. It helps a great deal t increase their “wrd pwer” by learning new wrds in rder t develp new ideas and new ways f thinking.
The increase in “wrd pwer” extends t thse wh lack the sense f hearing, thanks t the mdern inventin f sign language. Since the beginning, sign language has allwed deaf peple t becme fully literate. Whether we are deaf r nt, language transfrms experience and cnnects us t the past as well as the future. Be mindful f hw imprtant language is t ur perceptin f reality and all its varius aspects, and we can empwer urselves beynd ur present limitatins and expand ur awareness.
8 What is the relatinship between language and senses?
A. Oppsite.B. Crrelative.C. Independent.D. Cmpetitive.
9. What des paragraph 2 highlight abut language?
A. Its rle.B. Its frmatin.
C. Its changes.D. Its differences.
10. Hw can children’s thinking ability be develped accrding t the text?
A. By enlarging their vcabulary.
B. By learning abut their limitatins.
C. By changing their ways f speaking.
D. By transfrming their past experiences.
11. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Why Des Language Cnnect Us Clsely?
B. When Shuld We Achieve Language Skills?
C. Hw Des Language Influence Our Thughts?
D. What Shuld We D t Learn Language Well?
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了语言对人类感知现实、思维方式以及认知能力的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“This pwer is s strng that it can demnstrate that language can influence the way we think.(这种力量如此强大，它可以证明语言可以影响我们的思维方式)”可知，出语言和感官之间有相关性。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Language can cmpletely change ur perceptin f time. The changed perceptin f time isn’t the nly way language affects hw we think. Our sense f self is als significantly changed, especially if a persn is bilingual(语言可以完全改变我们对时间的感知。时间观念的改变并不是语言影响我们思考的唯一方式。我们的自我意识也会发生显著变化，尤其是当一个人会说两种语言的时候)”可知，第二段强调了语言的作用。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Wrd teaching plays an imprtant part in educatin, s t expand language is t expand the ability t think. We can see this in children, whse thinking develps hand in hand with language (单词教学在教育中起着重要的作用，拓展语言就是拓展思维能力。我们可以在孩子身上看到这一点，他们的思维与语言密切相关)”可知，可以通过扩大词汇量培养孩子的思维能力。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Language came int being with the develpment f mankind. It requires the use f mre than ne f the basic five human senses, which shws that language is a cmplex prcess that brings huge pwer alng with it(语言是随着人类的发展而产生的。它需要使用人类基本的五种感官中的一种以上，这表明语言是一个复杂的过程，它带来了巨大的力量)”、第二段“Depending n which language a persn wh is bilingual is using, his sense f self changes. The differences may even becme s great as t change his persnalities(一个会说两种语言的人，其自我意识会随着使用哪种语言而变化。这种差异甚至可能变得如此之大，以至于改变了他的个性)”以及最后一段“Whether we are deaf r nt, language transfrms experience and cnnects us t the past as well as the future. Be mindful f hw imprtant language is t ur perceptin f reality and all its varius aspects, and we can empwer urselves beynd ur present limitatins and expand ur awareness.(无论我们是否失聪，语言都会改变我们的经历，并将我们与过去和未来联系起来。注意语言对我们感知现实及其各个方面的重要性，我们可以超越目前的局限，增强自己的能力，扩大我们的意识)”可知，本文主要讲的是语言如何影响我们的思维。故选C项。
D
A team f physicists at the University f Edinburgh, wrking with an infectin and immunity specialist, has, via experimentatin, validated a thery t explain why paint dries at the same rate regardless f humidity (湿度) levels.
Generally, paint shuld dry faster n an utdr fence n a dry day than when it is humid because evapratin (蒸发) ccurs faster when the air arund a liquid surce is drier. But evidence suggests this is nt the case fr paint and sme ther liquids. Chemist Salmn and his clleagues develped a thery t explain why. They suggested it is because large mlecules in the liquid are pulled t the surface during evapratin, frming a “plarizatin layer” that prevents evapratin, and by extensin, drying. In this new effrt, the research team wrked t test this thery.
The researchers drilled five hles int a shrt cylinder (圆柱体) and inserted glass tubes in a hrizntal psitin — each was then sealed in place. They then added a quantity f PVA, a kind f chemical substance, int the cylinder, which they placed n a scale. They pured a thin layer f il n tp f the liquid t prevent surface evapratin. The final tuch invlved placing an air flw bx ver the tp f the cylinder t allw fr cntrlling humidity levels. The team then ran multiple 17-hur trials t determine evapratin rates, using the scale t measure hw much liquid evaprated frm the tubes at different humidity levels, ranging frm 25% t 90%.
The researchers fund that as expected, evapratin rates remained cnstant fr apprximately three hurs. But then, rates plummeted, as was therized by Salmn, regardless f humidity levels. The evapratin rate didn’t decrease as humidity increased during the initial three hurs. Hwever, the thery nly appeared t hld fr humidity levels up t 80% — at rates higher than that, evapratin did slw dwn, which the team suggested was likely due t sme ther frces.
The researchers suggested their wrk culd have medical applicatins as recent research effrts have shwn that respiratry drplets (呼吸道飞沫) tend t frm skins similar t thse seen in the experimental equipment.
12. What is Salmn’s thery aimed at prving?
A. The link between evapratin and drying time.
B. The cnnectin between humidity and dryness.
C. The structure f the “plarizatin layer” n paint.
D. The impact f humidity n the drying rate f paint.
13. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. The test result. B. The pst-test evaluatin.
C. The research predictin. D. The experimental prcess.
14. What des the underlined wrd “plummeted” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Fell. B. Kept. C. Disappeared. D. Accelerated.
15. Hw d the researchers find the study?
A. It is tentative. B. It is effrtless.
C. It is prmising. D. It is cntrversial.
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了爱丁堡大学的一组物理学家通过实验验证了一个理论，该理论解释了为什么无论湿度水平如何，油漆都会以相同的速度干燥。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A team f physicists at the University f Edinburgh, wrking with an infectin and immunity specialist, has, via experimentatin, validated a thery t explain why paint dries at the same rate regardless f humidity(湿度)levels(爱丁堡大学的一个物理学家团队与一位感染和免疫专家合作，通过实验验证了一种理论，解释了为什么无论湿度水平如何，油漆都会以相同的速度干燥)”可知，萨蒙的理论试图证明湿度对油漆干燥速率的影响，故选D项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The researchers drilled five hles int a shrt cylinder(圆柱体)and inserted glass tubes in a hrizntal psitin—each was then sealed in place (研究人员在一个短圆柱体上钻了五个孔，并在水平位置插入玻璃管，然后将每个玻璃管密封到位)”、“They then added a quantity f PVA, a kind f chemical substance, int the cylinder, which they placed n a scale.(然后，他们在圆柱体中加入一定量的PVA，一种化学物质，并将其放在天平上)”以及“The final tuch invlved placing an air flw bx ver the tp f the cylinder t allw fr cntrlling humidity levels(最后一点是在气缸顶部放置一个气流箱，以控制湿度水平)”可推理出，本段按照实验步骤讲述了实验的过程，故选D项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“They suggested it is because large mlecules in the liquid are pulled t the surface during evapratin, frming a “plarizatin layer” that prevents evapratin, and by extensin, drying. In this new effrt, the research team wrked t test this thery(他们认为，这是因为在蒸发过程中，液体中的大分子被拉到表面，形成了一个“偏振层”，阻止蒸发，进而阻止干燥。在这项新的研究中，研究小组努力验证这一理论)”以及第四段“as was therized by Salmn, regardless f humidity levels(正如萨蒙所推测的那样，无论湿度水平如何)”可推理第四段出划线词的含义为“下降”，故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers suggested their wrk culd have medical applicatins as recent research effrts have shwn that respiratry drplets(呼吸道飞沫)tend t frm skins similar t thse seen in the experimental equipment.( 研究人员认为他们的研究可能有医学应用，因为最近的研究表明，呼吸道飞沫往往会形成与实验设备中观察到的类似的表皮)”可推理出，研究人员认为这项研究室有前途的，故选C项。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Vertical (垂直的) farming invlves using vertically piled layers and ther innvative resurces t help yur crps grw. ____16____ Yu get t grw yur plants while using the small space at hme. Belw are sme benefits f vertical farming fr small huse wners.
Reduce water usage. Watering a vertical garden is easy, simple, and uses less water. If yur plants are grwn in a traditinal way, yu’ll need lts f water t keep up with yur plants’ grwth. ____17____
Save space. As a small, huse wner, space is a big cncern. Hwever, vertical farming ensures that yu can create a garden in yur hme and fully enjy the experience. ____18____ S, if yu aim t save space in yur hme and still have a garden, vertical farming is perfect.
____19____ Vertical farming is mainly dne indrs and entirely depends n yu t prvide the best cnditins. With cmmitment, yu can cntinuusly ensure cnsistent fd prductin despite the seasns.
Cut dwn n chemicals and pesticides. Vertical gardens will nt require yu t invest in pesticides and chemical fertilizers t keep yur plants alive. In additin, insects will nt have easy access t yur plants since yu’ll be gardening in a cntrlled envirnment. ____20____
A. Increase fd prductin.
B. Prduce fd cnsistently.
C. Having a garden means yu need t wrk with the space available.
D. It cmes in handy withut causing any incnvenience t yur living arrangements.
E. Hwever, if yu invest in vertical farming, yur water usage will dramatically drp.
F. S the fd grwn is rganic and safe fr cnsumptin making it an excellent chice.
G. It enables yu t take full advantage f walls and spaces that wuld therwise stay useless.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了垂直农业带来的几个好处。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Yu get t grw yur plants while using the small space at hme. Belw are sme benefits f vertical farming fr small huse wners.(你可以利用家里的小空间种植你的植物。下面是垂直农业对小户主的一些好处。)”可知，空处应介绍垂直农业的好处。D项：It cmes in handy withut causing any incnvenience t yur living arrangements.(它很方便，不会给你的生活安排带来任何不便。)符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据段落小标题“Reduce water usage.(减少水的使用)”和上文“If yur plants are grwn in a traditinal way, yu’ll need lts f water t keep up with yur plants’ grwth.(如果你的植物以传统的方式种植，你将需要大量的水来跟上你的植物的生长。)”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明垂直农业可以节约用水。E项中的“water usage will dramatically drp”和标题对应。E项：Hwever, if yu invest in vertical farming, yur water usage will dramatically drp.(然而，如果你投资垂直农业，你的用水量将大大下降。)符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Hwever, vertical farming ensures that yu can create a garden in yur hme and fully enjy the experience.(然而，垂直农业确保你可以在家里创造一个花园，并充分享受这种体验。)”和下文“S, if yu aim t save space in yur hme and still have a garden, vertical farming is perfect.(所以，如果你的目标是节省家里的空间，仍然有一个花园，垂直农业是完美的。)”可知，空处承上启下，讲述了垂直农业可以帮助我们充分利用闲置空间。G项：It enables yu t take full advantage f walls and spaces that wuld therwise stay useless.(它使你能够充分利用墙壁和空间，否则就会变得无用。)符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Vertical farming is mainly dne indrs and entirely depends n yu t prvide the best cnditins. With cmmitment, yu can cntinuusly ensure cnsistent fd prductin despite the seasns.(垂直农业主要在室内进行，完全取决于你提供最好的条件。有了承诺，无论季节如何，您都可以持续确保粮食生产的一致性。)”可知，本段主要介绍了垂直农业可以不受季节的限制，一年四季都能产出食物。B项：Prduce fd cnsistently.(持续生产食物。)符合语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Cut dwn n chemicals and pesticides. Vertical gardens will nt require yu t invest in pesticides and chemical fertilizers t keep yur plants alive.(减少化学药品和杀虫剂的使用。垂直花园不需要你投资杀虫剂和化肥来保持你的植物存活。)”可知，垂直农业减少了对杀虫剂和化学肥料的使用，F项：S the fd grwn is rganic and safe fr cnsumptin making it an excellent chice.(所以种植的食物是有机的，可以安全食用，是一个很好的选择。)符合语境，讲述了这么做的好处，即可以产生有机绿色食物。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Britni Ricard the CEO f her wn csmetics cmpany, became a landlrd (房东) when she bught her first investment prperty. The apartment building has 10 units and many f the tenants (租房) are ____21____ wmen with children. That made her think f her wn ____22____ grwing up in public husing, and hw difficult hlidays culd be fr her mm.
“It was ____23____,” said Ricard. “My mm was a single wman ____24____ three children alne. ____25____ watching her struggle in my childhd, I just wanted t figure ut, ‘Hw can I help?’”
Inspired by her wn upbringing, Ricard decided t ____26____ t supprt her tenants. In Nvember, Ricard ____27____ her tenants fr a pre-hliday meeting and she delivered a ____28____ t her tenants: ne mnth f free rent. Ricard als ____29____ t rganize a seminar (研讨会) t help her tenants becme hmewners.
Amng the tenants tuched by Ricard’s ____30____ was Kedesha Dunn, a single mther raising tw bys. Dunn expressed her ____31____, emphasizing hw Ricard’s gift wuld ____32____ financial stress and allw her family t ____33____ the hliday seasn.
Ricard’s act f cmpassin and ____34____ had a deep impact n the lives f her tenants, resnating far beynd the walls f the apartment building and inspiring cmmunities t cme tgether in times f ____35____.
21. A. busyB. prC. greatD. single
22. A. childhdB. neighbrhdC. livelihdD. mtherhd
23. A. impressiveB. unfrgettableC. tughD. awkward
24. A. educatingB. raisingC. carryingD. watching
25. A. PreviuslyB. ExtremelyC. OccasinallyD. Cntinuusly
26. A. keep balanceB. make senseC. take actinD. get access
27. A. gatheredB. fundC. treatedD. calmed
28. A. wishB. giftC. dreamD. patent
29. A. learnedB. extendedC. fferedD. lnged
30. A. newsB. galC. ambitinD. kindness
31. A. apprvalB. gratitudeC. cmmitmentD. excitement
32. A. easeB. recgniseC. endureD. ignre
33. A. affectB. summarizeC. enjyD. resist
34. A. assessmentB. trialC. gestureD. supprt
35. A. needB. rderC. peaceD. danger
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Britni Ricard看到自己的公寓楼里都是单身妈妈，想到了自己的童年经历，于是给房客们免除一个月房租，还提出组织一个研讨会，帮助她的房客成为房主。房客都被她的善举所感动。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该公寓楼共有10个单元，许多住户都是带着孩子的单身女性。A. busy忙碌的；B. pr贫穷的；C. great好的；D. single单一的。根据后文“My mm was a single wman”以及“Inspired by her wn upbringing, Ricard decided t”可知，里卡德帮助这些女性是因为这些女性和自己的妈妈一样，都是带着孩子的单身女性。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让她想起了自己在公共住房中长大的童年，以及她妈妈的假期是多么艰难。A. childhd童年；B. neighbrhd邻居；C. livelihd生计；D. mtherhd母亲身份。根据后文“grwing up in public husing”可知，这些女性让她想起了自己在公共住房中长大的童年，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这很艰难，”里卡德说。A. impressive印象深刻的；B. unfrgettable难忘的；C. tugh艰难的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据上文“hw difficult hlidays culd be fr her mm”可知，她和妈妈的日子艰难。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我妈妈是单身女性，独自抚养三个孩子。”A. educating教育；B. raising抚养，筹集；C. carrying搬运；D. watching观看。根据后文“three children alne”指里卡德的妈妈独自抚养三个孩子。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“在我的童年时代，我一直看着她的挣扎，我只是想弄清楚，‘我能帮上什么忙？’”A. Previusly以前地；B. Extremely非常；C. Occasinally偶尔；D. Cntinuusly持续地。根据后文“watching her struggle in my childhd”可知，在她的童年，一直看着母亲努力求生。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：受自己成长经历的启发，里卡德决定采取行动支持她的租户。A. keep balance保持平衡；B. make sense有道理；C. take actin采取行动；D. get access进入。根据后文“ne mnth f free rent.”可知，受自己成长经历的启发，里卡德决定采取行动支持她的租户，给租客免除一月房租。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年11月，里卡德召集房客们开了一个节前会议，她给房客们送了一份礼物：免一个月房租。A. gathered聚集；B. fund找到；C. treated对待；D. calmed使平静。根据后文“her tenants fr a pre-hliday meeting”指里卡德召集租客开会，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年11月，里卡德召集房客们开了一个节前会议，她给房客们送了一份礼物：免一个月房租。A. wish希望；B. gift礼物；C. dream梦想；D. patent专利。根据后文“ne mnth f free rent”以及上文“t supprt her tenants”可知，免除一个月房租是她送给房客的礼物。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里卡德还提出组织一个研讨会，帮助她的房客成为房主。A. learned学习；B. extended扩大；C. ffered提供，提出；D. lnged渴望。根据后文“t rganize a seminar”指她提出组织研讨会，应用ffer。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：被里卡德的善意感动的房客中有一位叫凯德莎·邓恩的，她是一位抚养两个男孩的单身母亲。A. news新闻；B. gal目标；C. ambitin抱负；D. kindness善良。根据上文“ne mnth f free rent”以及“help her tenants becme hmewners”可知指被里卡德的善意感动。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：邓恩表达了她的感激之情，强调里卡德的礼物将如何缓解经济压力，让她的家人享受假期。A. apprval赞成；B. gratitude感激；C. cmmitment承诺；D. excitement激动。根据上文“Amng the tenants tuched by Ricard’s”可知，邓恩被善举所感动，表达了感激之情。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：邓恩表达了她的感激之情，强调里卡德的礼物将如何缓解经济压力，让她的家人享受假期。A. ease缓解；B. recgnise认出；C. endure忍受；D. ignre忽视。根据后文“financial stress”以及上文提到免除了一月房租，所以是缓解了经济压力。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：邓恩表达了她的感激之情，强调里卡德的礼物将如何缓解经济压力，让她的家人享受假期。A. affect影响；B. summarize总结；C. enjy欣赏；D. resist抵抗。根据上文“financial stress and allw her family t”可知，里卡德的礼物将如何缓解经济压力，从而让邓恩的家人享受假期。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：里卡德的同情和支持对她的房客的生活产生了深远的影响，共鸣远远超出了公寓楼的墙壁，并激励社区在需要的时候团结起来。A. assessment评估；B. trial实验；C. gesture姿势；D. supprt支持。呼应上文“t supprt her tenants”指里卡德的同情和支持对她的房客的生活产生了深远的影响。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里卡德的同情和支持对她的房客的生活产生了深远的影响，共鸣远远超出了公寓楼的墙壁，并激励社区在需要的时候团结起来。A. need需要；B. rder订单；C. peace和平；D. danger危险。根据上文“inspiring cmmunities t cme tgether in times f”以及里卡德帮助单亲妈妈们的善举，可知，她的行为激励社区在需要的时候团结起来。故选A。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has haunched six imprvement plans t bst a flagship high-quality grain prject. The plans, ____36____ invlve green strage brand prmtin, quality tracking, mechanizatin, emergency supply and fd lss ____37____(reduce), are experted t ensure sustainable natinal fd security.
The green strage plan ____38____(prpse) building new high-standard granaries (谷仓) and imprving warehuses. A system t measure and cntrl grain cnditins shuld ____39____(establish), while the ability t clean grain is expected ____40____(imprve).
The quality and brand imprvement plan said that ____41____ 2025, the supply f high quality fd will be mre abundant, and the amunt f high quality grain will see ____42____ annual increase f 10 percent. The cuntry will cultivate mre grain and il brands with increasing market cmpetitiveness.
The nline and ffline grain markets, which include emergency supply ____43____(center) and staple sitchens, shuld be imprved t prgress frm “eating enugh” t “eating ____44____(health) diet”.
The plan aims t imprve quality and safety inspectin and mnitring by using big data, the internet f things and ther infrmatin technlgies, further ______45______(ensure) authenticity and accuracy.
【答案】36. which
37. reductin
38. prpses
39. be established
40. t imprve
41. by 42. an
43. centers
44. healthy
45. ensuring
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。中国已经启动了六项改善计划，以推动旗舰优质粮食项目。这些计划涉及绿色仓储品牌推广、质量跟踪、机械化、应急供应和减少粮食损失，旨在确保国家粮食安全的可持续发展。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些计划涉及绿色仓储品牌推广、质量跟踪、机械化、应急供应和减少粮食损失，旨在确保国家粮食安全的可持续发展。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为The plans，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些计划涉及绿色仓储品牌推广、质量跟踪、机械化、应急供应和减少粮食损失，旨在确保国家粮食安全的可持续发展。此处作宾语，应用名词reductin，不可数。故填reductin。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：绿色仓储规划提出新建高标准粮仓，完善仓储设施。根据句意文可知，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填prpses。
【39题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：建立粮食状况监测和控制体系，提高粮食清洁能力。A system t measure and cntrl grain cnditins与establish为被动关系，应用被动语态，shuld后接动词原形。故填be established。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：建立粮食状况监测和控制体系，提高粮食清洁能力。固定短语be expected t d sth“预期做某事”。故填t imprve。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：《质量和品牌提升计划》指出，到2025年，优质食品供应将更加丰富，优质粮食的数量将以每年10%的速度增长。根据句意可知，此处表示“到2025年”，应用介词by。故填by。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：《质量和品牌提升计划》指出，到2025年，优质食品供应将更加丰富，优质粮食的数量将以每年10%的速度增长。此处泛指“一个每年10%的速度增长”，且annual首字母的发音为元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：完善以应急供应中心、主粮仓库为主体的线上线下粮食市场，从上到下发展，从“吃饱”到“吃的健康”。 center可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，表示多个中心。故填centers。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：完善以应急供应中心、主粮仓库为主体的线上线下粮食市场，从上到下发展。从“吃饱”到“吃的健康”。此处修饰名词，应用形容词healthy，作定语。故填healthy。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划旨在通过使用大数据、物联网和其他信息技术来改善质量安全检查和监控，进一步确保真实性和准确性。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，ensure与前面的整个句子为主动关系，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填ensuring。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校将于本周日上午在体育中心举办武术比赛。请你给外教Smith写一封电子邮件，邀请他前去观看，内容包括：
1．比赛的时间、地点；
2．比赛内容；
3．观赛的益处。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：武术 martial arts
Dear Smith,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Smith,
Our schl will hld a martial cmpetitin at the sprts center at 9 ’clck this Sunday mrning. I wuld like t invite yu t watch it. The players cme frm different schl’s martial arts teams, many f whm have wn prizes in natinal cmpetitins. Yu’ll enjy famus traditinal Chinese martial arts. Chinses martial arts, wushu in Chinese, is an imprtant part f Chinese traditinal culture. By watching the cmpetitin, yu will have a better understanding f Chinese culture and it will als bring yu jy.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生给外教Smith写一封电子邮件，邀请他前去观看学校将于本周日上午在体育中心举办武术比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不同的：different→diverse
欣赏：enjy→appreciate
重要的：imprtant→significant
著名的：famus→well-knwn
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Our schl will hld a martial cmpetitin at the sprts center at 9 ’clck this Sunday mrning.
拓展句：Our schl will hld a martial cmpetitin, which will be lauched at the sprts center at 9 ’clck this Sunday mrning.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
The players cme frm different schl’s martial arts teams, many f whm have wn prizes in natinal cmpetitins.（运用了介词+关系代词引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]
By watching the cmpetitin, yu will have a better understanding f Chinese culture and it will als bring yu jy.（运用了动名词作宾语）
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Being a train driver, I must cncentrate n my driving when wrking. And n that particular day, I was glad fr my utstanding attentin.
Frm a distance, I sptted a small figure like a thin kid n the train tracks. Immediately, I rang the alarm, but n respnse. Observing carefully, I saw a by lying n the tracks, unable t escape frm my train, as his ft was stuck. I pulled the brakes with all my might as sn as I culd. Luckily, the train stpped a few inches frm the by, wh was crying ludly in fear.
I apprached him, asking hw he felt and whether I culd give a hand. After getting his permissin, I cautiusly checked hw his ft was stuck in the tracks. And after a few pulls, the by's ft came ut finally. Hugging him and making sure everything was kay, I asked whether I needed t call his parents. T my astnishment, the child said nthing, just lking at me with his tearful eyes. Cnsidering it was dangerus t leave the by alne, I decided t take him t my hme after wrk.
Arriving at my hme, I intrduced him t my wife, Amelia. She lked at the child in surprise fr a while, but she calmed dwn quickly and asked whether the by remembered her. The by ndded. Amelia explained t me that she had just walked ut f the supermarket with sme bread and vegetables the ther day, when a grup f bad guys blcked her way. Just then, a little by ran tward them and screamed t attract the plice, which at last saved her. Here std the brave by.
In the fllwing hurs, we chatted with each ther, and thus we knew that the kid was named Tm and he was abandned by his parents and became an rphan wh had been alne n the streets fr years. As we didn’t have any children, we were determined t adpt Tm.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I tld Tm ur decisin waiting fr his answer.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next mrning, we pened ur bedrm dr and saw Tm standing there.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I tld Tm ur decisin, waiting fr his answer. Tm stared at me, with a mix f feelings — shck, delight, r smething else. Amelia culdn’t wait t say in a sft and sweet vice, “Tm, I lve yu and I need yu.” I culd feel his struggle, s I smiled at him and hugged him gently. Knwing it was hard fr him t accept the whle thing in a flash, I suggested a gd night t think it ver.
The next mrning we pened ur bedrm dr and saw Tm standing there. Being smewhat embarrassed, he tk ne f my hands, “Yu wn’t abandn me, right?” I ndded firmly and prmised that we wuld treat him as ur wn, withut cheating r abandnment. On hearing this, he hugged bth f us tightly, saying affectinately, “Dad! Mm!” Later, he jumped and ran full f jy, “I have a new family! I have Dad and Mm! I am n lnger an rphan.” Yu see, lve can nt nly make smene a day, but als make strangers a new family.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在开火车的时候，看到一个小男孩躺在铁轨上。作者尽最大努力刹车，幸运的是，火车最终停了下来。救下小男孩后，作者询问是否要联系他的父母，小男孩什么话都没说，作者把小男孩带回了家。碰巧小男孩之前帮助过他的妻子Amelia。经过了解，小男孩名叫Tm，他被父母遗弃，成为了一个孤儿，在街上流浪了很多年。由于作者和妻子没有孩子，他们决定收养Tm。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“我告诉Tm我们的决定，等着他的回答。”可知，第一段可描写听到作者夫妻要收养自己后Tm的反应，作者和妻子跟Tm的交流，Tm要考虑一番。
②有第二段首句内容“第二天早上，我们打开卧室的门，看见Tm站在那里。”可知，第二段可描写Tm接受了作者的提议，成为他们的孩子，作者保证不会遗弃Tm，Tm感到高兴。
2.续写线索：Tm听到要被作者收养——Tm情绪复杂——作者妻子竭力说服Tm——作者建议Tm好好思考——Tm接受提议——作者承诺不会遗弃Tm——Tm感到高兴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①拥抱：hug/embrace
②考虑：think ver/cnsider
③抛弃：abandn/discard
④迫不及待做某事：can’t wait t d sth./be eager fr ding sth.
情绪类
①震惊：shck/amazement
②尴尬的：embarrassed/awkward
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Knwing it was hard fr him t accept the whle thing in a flash, I suggested a gd night t think it ver. (运用了现在分词作状语，省略了that的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]
I ndded firmly and prmised that we wuld treat him as ur wn, withut cheating r abandnment. (运用了that引导宾语从句)