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湖北省恩施州咸丰春晖高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份湖北省恩施州咸丰春晖高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含精品解析湖北省恩施州咸丰春晖高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题含听力原卷版docx、精品解析湖北省恩施州咸丰春晖高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题含听力解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5)
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Tp Cffee-prducing Cuntries
Brazil
Back in the 18th century, Brazil started grwing cffee. Nw, arund 300,000 cffee farmers in Brazil prduce abut 40% f the wrld’s cffee. Arabica (阿拉比卡咖啡) takes up 70% f the cffee beans grwn in the cuntry. In Brazil, 3% f exprt incme is frm cffee beans. Brazilians are wild abut drinking their cffee and cnsume it all day lng.
Vietnam
Cffee fund its way t Vietnam in the 1800s. Nw cffee industry emplys almst 3 millin peple. Mst f Vietnam’s cffee prductin is the less appreciated Rbusta (罗布斯塔咖啡) variety. Because f that, mst cffee beans grwn in Vietnam are fr instant cffee. Despite cffee’s ppularity as an exprt crp, the Vietnamese still prefer tea. They als make a famus Cappuccin (卡布奇诺咖啡) nt fund elsewhere—famus because it gets a dse f raw egg if that’s t yur liking.
Clmbia
Cffee was intrduced int Clmbia in the early 1700s. In Clmbia, abut 2.3 millin acres f land are planted with cffee. Cffee is the mst imprtant agricultural exprt. There are arund 555,000 cffee grwers in Clmbia. The majrity f Clmbian cffee plantatins are wned by families. Clmbians typically start their mrning with a tint. It’s a small cup f black cffee that’s sweetened with sugar. They may add cinnamn r ther spices t jazz it up.
Indnesia
Indnesia has a lng cffee histry that ges back t the 1600s, which has its share f ups and dwns. In the late 19th century, the terrible cffee rust disease caused death t many f the high-quality cffee plants. T prevent this frm happening again, Indnesia replanted with the disease-resistant Rbusta cffee. Arabica beans still play a part in the Indnesian cffee market, representing abut 25% f cffee beans grwn there.
1. Which f the fur cuntries started grwing cffee earliest?
A. Brazil.B. Vietnam.C. Clmbia.D. Indnesia.
2. What is special abut Vietnam?
A. A unique kind f cffee drink is made there.
B. High-quality cffee beans are prduced there.
C. Cffee was prduced fr the hme market there.
D. Cffee planting met with prblems in the 1990s there.
3. What d Brazil and Clmbia have in cmmn?
A. Cffee exprts are grwing in bth cuntries.
B. They bth have a cffee-lving ppulatin.
C. They share the same number f cffee grwers.
D. Cffee farms are wned by families in bth cuntries.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个咖啡产国的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Back in the 18th century, Brazil started grwing cffee. (早在18世纪，巴西就开始种植咖啡。)”；第二段“Cffee fund its way t Vietnam in the 1800s. (咖啡在19世纪进入越南。)”；第三段“Cffee was intrduced int Clmbia in the early 1700s. (咖啡在18世纪早期被引入哥伦比亚)”以及最后一段“Indnesia has a lng cffee histry that ges back t the 1600s, which has its share f ups and dwns. (印尼有着悠久的咖啡历史，可以追溯到17世纪，其间有起有落。)”可知，Indnesia是种植咖啡最早的。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They als make a famus Cappuccin (卡布奇诺咖啡) nt fund elsewhere—famus because it gets a dse f raw egg if that’s t yur liking. (他们还制作了一款在其他地方找不到的著名的卡布奇诺——出名是因为如果你喜欢的话，它会加一些生鸡蛋。)”可知，越南的特别之处在于那里生产一种独特的咖啡饮料。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Brazilians are wild abut drinking their cffee and cnsume it all day lng. (巴西人喜欢喝咖啡，整天都在喝。)”和第三段中“Clmbians typically start their mrning with a tint. It’s a small cup f black cffee that’s sweetened with sugar. (哥伦比亚人通常以一杯tint开始他们的早晨。它是一小杯加糖的黑咖啡。)”可知，巴西和哥伦比亚的共同之处是都有喜欢喝咖啡的人。故选B。
B
I jined the cast guard because I wanted t help peple. Hvercraft (气垫船) are rare and special. They’ve been discntinued in mst cmmercial peratin, because they are s expensive t make, but when it cmes t search and rescue, they’re priceless.
Frm far away, a hvercraft lks like a nrmal bat. But if yu lk under its skirt, the craft is nt tuching the water — it flats n a cushin f air. That cushin allws us t travel ver everything frm water t muddy land — and even break thrugh ice. We d all f that as a 70-tnne machine, ging a maximum f nearly 120 kilmeters per hur. These features allw us t rescue a large number f peple quickly get nt land, and get smene int an ambulance far easier than with any ther device I can think f.
The advantages f hvercraft can als make them difficult t handle. We’ve gt a massive vehicle mving fast, smetimes in a thick fg bank up a narrw river. During assignments n ther cast guard ships, I had 20 minutes t make alteratins t avid a crash. In a hvercraft, I have 10 secnds. Yu have t have enugh situatinal awareness t make the right decisin every time.
Peple call us fr all srts f prblems: missing divers, n-bard fires, r even when they’ve run ut f fuel r had a mechanical breakdwn. A cntainer ship culd burst int flames. We have a strng netwrk here at the base t help everyne thrugh difficult situatins like that. Thankfully, we have captains wh train us in a safe envirnment, but yu dn’t ever get fully cmfrtable. Anything can thrw the hvercraft ff — maybe yur lift settings are ff a little, r the wind blws with a bit f extra weight. After several years perating a hvercraft, I’m still learning. Every ne f the captains here agrees: yu can drive this thing fr 20 years and still be surprised.
4. What makes hvercraft unsuitable fr cmmercial use?
A. Their safety risks.B. Their pr durability.C. Their lw efficiency.D. Their prductin csts.
5. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. Hw a hvercraft wrks.B. What cmprises a hvercraft.
C. What distinguishes a hvercraft.D. Hw a hvercraft helps victims.
6. What challenge d hvercraft pse t the pilt?
A. They have t make faster respnses.
B. They ften face mechanical breakdwns.
C. They need mre peple fr decisin making.
D. They must cnsider the envirnmental cncerns.
7. What des the authr think f perating a hvercraft?
A. Dull.B. Demanding.C. Enjyable.D. Effrtless.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍作者在海岸警卫队使用气垫船的体验。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“They’ve been discntinued in mst cmmercial peratin, because they are s expensive t make, but when it cmes t search and rescue, they’re priceless.(它们在大多数商业运营中都已停产，因为它们的制造成本太高，但在搜救方面，它们是无价的。)”可知，气垫船的生产成本使气垫船不适合商业使用。故选D项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Frm far away, a hvercraft lks like a nrmal bat. But if yu lk under its skirt, the craft is nt tuching the water — it flats n a cushin f air. That cushin allws us t travel ver everything frm water t muddy land — and even break thrugh ice. We d all f that as a 70-tnne machine, ging a maximum f nearly 120 kilmeters per hur.(从远处看，气垫船就像一艘普通的船。但如果你从它的裙子下面看，这艘船并没有碰到水——它漂浮在气垫上。这种缓冲垫可以让我们穿越从水到泥泞的土地的一切，甚至可以破冰。我们完成所有这些工作正如一台70吨重的机器那样，最高时速接近120公里。)”以及后文可知，本段主要介绍气垫船的与众不同之处。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“During assignments n ther cast guard ships, I had 20 minutes t make alteratins t avid a crash. In a hvercraft, I have 10 secnds. Yu have t have enugh situatinal awareness t make the right decisin every time.(在其它海岸警卫队船只上执行任务时，我有20分钟的时间进行改变航线，以避免发生撞击事故。在气垫船上，我有10秒的时间。你必须有足够的情境意识，才能每次都做出正确的决定。)”可知，气垫船驾驶员必须做出更快的反应。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Anything can thrw the hvercraft ff — maybe yur lift settings are ff a little, r the wind blws with a bit f extra weight. After several years perating a hvercraft, I’m still learning. Every ne f the captains here agrees: yu can drive this thing fr 20 years and still be surprised.(任何事情都可能使气垫船偏离——也许你的升力设置有点偏离，或者风吹得有点重。在操作气垫船几年后，我仍在学习。这里的每一位队长都同意：你可以驾驶这辆车20年，但仍然会感到惊讶。)”可知，作者认为操作气垫船是要求很高的。故选B项。
C
Curisity — the desire t knw, t discver, t learn. Inspired by curisity, humans are fund everywhere n ur planet, and beynd it in space. Yet accrding t human behaviurist and authr f Curius, Ian Leslie, althugh we are all brn curius, nt all f us bring this int adulthd, and we can lse ut as a result.
As Leslie explains, curisity shapes us frm the start. By trying new things, we build knwledge, and want t knw mre. “We are brn aware that we dn’t knw stuff — we want t experience and discver.” Hwever, the cntrast between childhd and adulthd is clear. “We ask 40,000 questins a year between the ages f tw and five,” says Leslie — arund 110 each day; adults, in cmparisn, ask just 20.
As we get lder, we may feel hesitant abut asking questins, believing this reveals gaps in ur knwledge. We can becme scared t share uncnventinal ideas fr fear f criticism r misunderstanding. We can als be a victim f ur success, as Leslie explains. “Once yu’ve wrked ut hw t d yur jb, then yu dn’t feel curius anymre. The need t learn ges away — in a way, curisity has dne its jb. But that desn’t mean yu shuldn’t cultivate it.”
Leslie’s tips fr cultivating curisity begin with spending time with the experts — children. “Talk t yur kids, and try t answer thse weird, difficult questins they have — like ‘What is air?’ This makes yu think abut things yu’ve taken fr granted — it reawakens yur curisity in what’s arund us and hw we perceive the wrld.”
S des finding what Leslie calls an ‘infrmal mentr’, thrugh wrk r ther circles, wh is happy t share their expertise, frm a skill, technlgy, t a field f learning. “Try t think f peple the way children think f adults — as surces f secret knwledge, a great stre f learning yu can tap int,” says Leslie.
Leslie als suggests creating a ‘spark file’ — a digital r physical ntebk in which yu cllect interesting thughts. “Fill it with facts yu’ve cme acrss, sentences yu like, insights that strike yu. Let it be randm. And let it build. Over time yu’ll build up a rich surce f inspiratin, and yu’ll think, ‘Oh that’s interesting, that relates t this…’ And suddenly yur mind starts firing away with new ideas and ways f thinking.”
8. Accrding t Leslie, what happens as we get lder?
A. We gradually lse ur natural curisity.
B. We are less aware f ur knwledge gaps.
C. We are unwilling t let thers benefit frm ur ideas.
D. We may think asking questins makes peple flish.
9. Which f the fllwing sayings might Leslie agree with?
A. A day’s planning is best dne at daybreak.
B. In the eyes f a lver, Xi Shi will appear.
C. A master can lead yu t the dr, but the rest is up t yu.
D. When three peple walk tgether, ne can surely be my teacher.
10. Which f the fllwing is a characteristic f a ‘spark file’?
A. It is carefully rganized.B. It can help peple cnnect ideas.
C. It nly cntains cmplete sentences.D. It can help peple imprve their memry.
11. What is the writer’s aim in this passage?
A. T prve Ian Leslie’s arguments.B. T summarise Ian Leslie’s viewpint.
C. T questin Ian Leslie’s cnclusins.D. T intrduce Ian Leslie’s achievements.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了人类行为学家Ian Leslie关于好奇心的观点及如何培养好奇心的研究。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As we get lder, we may feel hesitant abut asking questins, believing this reveals gaps in ur knwledge. We can becme scared t share uncnventinal ideas fr fear f criticism r misunderstanding. We can als be a victim f ur success, as Leslie explains. “Once yu’ve wrked ut hw t d yur jb, then yu dn’t feel curius anymre. The need t learn ges away — in a way, curisity has dne its jb. But that desn’t mean yu shuldn’t cultivate it.”( 随着年龄的增长，我们可能会对提问感到犹豫，认为这暴露了我们知识上的差距。我们可能会因为害怕批评或误解而变得害怕分享非传统的想法。正如莱斯利解释的那样，我们也可能成为成功的受害者。“一旦你弄清楚了如何做你的工作，你就不会再感到好奇了。学习的需要消失了——在某种程度上，好奇心已经完成了它的工作。但这并不意味着你不应该培养它。”)”可推知，Leslie认为，随着年龄的增长我们可能会逐渐失去天生的好奇心。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段内容，结合本段中“Leslie’s tips fr cultivating curisity begin with spending time with the experts — children.( Leslie培养好奇心的建议是从花时间和专家——孩子们——在一起开始的)”及“This makes yu think abut things yu’ve taken fr granted — it reawakens yur curisity in what’s arund us and hw we perceive the wrld.(这会让你思考你认为理所当然的事情——它会重新唤醒你对我们周围的事物以及我们如何看待世界的好奇心)”可知，Leslie建议和孩子们在一起来培养好奇心，由此可推知他会同意D项观点“三人行，必有我师”。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“Leslie als suggests creating a ‘spark file’ — a digital r physical ntebk in which yu cllect interesting thughts.(Leslie还建议创建一个‘火花文件’——一个可以收集有趣想法的电子或实体笔记本)”及“Over time yu’ll build up a rich surce f inspiratin, and yu’ll think, ‘Oh that’s interesting, that relates t this…’(随着时间的推移，你会建立一个丰富的灵感来源，你会想，‘哦，这很有趣，这和这个有关……’)”可知，“火花文件”可以帮助人们把想法联系起来。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段最后一句“Yet accrding t human behaviurist and authr f Curius, Ian Leslie, althugh we are all brn curius, nt all f us bring this int adulthd, and we can lse ut as a result.(然而，根据人类行为学家、《好奇》一书的作者Ian Leslie的说法，尽管我们生来就有好奇心，但并不是所有人都会在成年后变得好奇，因此我们可能会因此而失败)”可知，本文主要介绍了Ian Leslie关于好奇心的观点。故作者的目的是总结他的观点。故选B。
D
Fr the histry f life n Earth, rganisms have relied n the light f the sun, mn, and stars t find their way and schedule their lives. While the beginning f electric lighting in the late 19th century may have benefited humans, it has caused prblems in the natural wrld. Amng the impacts f artificial light at night(ALAN), light pllutin lures migrating birds t cities with shcking cnsequences, cntributes t the alarming decline in insect ppulatins, and cnvinces sea turtle babies t amble(缓行)away frm the water instead f twards it.
Nw, a new study frm the University f Plymuth adds anther disappinting finding abut hw ALAN is affecting the creatures with whm we share the planet: Light pllutin frm castal cities can trick crals(珊瑚)int reprducing utside f the ptimum times when they wuld nrmally reprduce.
Using a cmbinatin f light pllutin data and spawning(产卵)bservatins, researchers were able t shw fr the first time that crals expsed t ALAN are spawning ne t three days earlier and clser t the full mn cmpared t thse n unlit crals. “That shift may reduce the survival and fertilizatin success f gametes(配子)and genetic cnnectivity between nearby lit and unlit cral systems,” they explain.
“Crals are amng the mst bidiverse, ecnmically imprtant, and threatened ecsystems n the planet,” write the authrs f the study.
“Climate change has led t mass bleaching(褪色)events. Habitat destructin, fisheries, and pllutin have reduced crals substantially since the 1950s,” they write, adding, “The cmplete lss f crals is anticipated ver the next 100 years.”
If we want t reduce the harm ALAN is causing, we culd perhaps lk t delay the switching-n f night-time lighting in castal regins t ensure the natural dark perid between sunset and mnrise when cral reprductin remains undisturbed.
12. Why is the first paragraph written?
A. T present the tpic f the text.B. T advcate energy cnservatin.
C. T explain a natural phenmenn.D. T prvide backgrund infrmatin.
13. What des the underlined wrd “ptimum” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Pssible.B. Apprpriate.C. Flexible.D. Sensitive.
14 What is the researchers’ majr cncern ver crals?
A. Extinctin.B. Lsing value.
C. Terrible diseases.D. Expsure t mnlight.
15. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Creatures Rely n Natural Lights t Schedule Their Life
B. Night-time Lighting Shrtens Natural Dark Perid
C. Castal Lights Trick Crals int Early Spawning
D. Light Pllutin Leads t Serius Cnsequences
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了海滨城市的照明对珊瑚的影响。这些照明产生的光会使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚产卵早，从而对其产生不利影响。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Fr the histry f life n Earth, rganisms have relied n the light f the sun, mn, and stars t find their way and schedule their lives. While the beginning f electric lighting in the late 19th century may have benefited humans, it has caused prblems in the natural wrld. Amng the impacts f artificial light at night(ALAN), light pllutin lures migrating birds t cities with shcking cnsequences, cntributes t the alarming decline in insect ppulatins, and cnvinces sea turtle babies t amble(缓行)away frm the water instead f twards it.(在地球上生命的历史中，生物一直依靠太阳、月亮和星星的光来找到自己的路，安排自己的生活。虽然19世纪末开始的电灯可能给人类带来了好处，但它也给自然界带来了问题。在夜间人造光(ALAN)的影响中，光污染将候鸟吸引到城市，带来令人震惊的后果，导致昆虫数量惊人的下降，并使海龟宝宝远离水而不是靠近水。)”可知，文章第一段介绍了始于 19 世末的人造光源对自然产生的不好的影响，结合第二段“Nw, a new study frm the University f Plymuth adds anther disappinting finding abut hw ALAN is affecting the creatures with whm we share the planet: Light pllutin frm castal cities can trick crals(珊瑚)int reprducing utside f the ptimum times when they wuld nrmally reprduce.(现在，普利茅斯大学的一项新研究增加了另一个令人失望的发现，即ALAN如何影响与我们共享地球的生物：沿海城市的光污染会诱使珊瑚在正常繁殖的最佳时间之外繁殖。)”讲述文章主题是阐述人造光对于珊瑚的危害可推断，第一段的目的是提出提供了背景信息。故选D。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。分析句子可知，后面的定语从句“when they wuld nrmally reprduce(当它们正常繁殖的时候)”修饰the ptimum time可知“the ptimum times”指的是“珊瑚正常的繁殖时间”，所以画线词与apprpriate“合适的，恰当的”。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“The cmplete lss f crals is anticipated ver the next 100 years.( 预计珊瑚将在未来100年内完全消失。)”可知，研究人员最大的担心是珊瑚的灭绝。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第二段“Nw, a new study frm the University f Plymuth adds anther disappinting finding abut hw ALAN is affecting the creatures with whm we share the planet: Light pllutin frm castal cities can trick crals(珊瑚)int reprducing utside f the ptimum times when they wuld nrmally reprduce.(现在，普利茅斯大学的一项新研究增加了另一个令人失望的发现，即ALAN如何影响与我们共享地球的生物：沿海城市的光污染会诱使珊瑚在正常繁殖的最佳时间之外繁殖。)”可知，本文主要介绍了海滨城市的照明对珊瑚的影响。这些照明产生的光会使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚产卵早，从而对其产生不利影响，因此 C 项“海岸灯光诱使珊瑚提早产卵”为合适的标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
We’re grwing mre used t chatting t ur cmputers, phnes and smart speakers thrugh vice assistants. Out f these assistants, Siri is the mst well-knwn spken web. Blind peple have been using text-t-speech assistant fr decades. ___16___
Sme think vice culd sn take ver frm clicking as the main way t interact nline. They believe nline interactin wuld sn depend mainly n vice. ___17___
Building the spken web—web-t-vice and vice-t-web—is by n means an easy task. Fr sftware t answer simple questins abut the weather and play music fr us is easy. ___18___ Artificial intelligence isn’t smart enugh yet. Even turning yur vice int text is ne f the hardest prblems t slve. There are as many ways t prnunce things as there are peple n the planet.
Using vice interactin feels far clser than surfing the net the ld-fashined way. ___19___ But if smething speaks, it must als listen. Our phnes are always near us and they are cnstantly cllecting their persnal infrmatin. This has already raised privacy cncerns. Peple wrry assistants will ne day be used t deliver advertising directly t us.
___20___ In envirnments when ne’s hands are ccupied, such as while driving r cking, the spken web is helpful. Think abut when yu are cking, it is natural t talk. And speech bviusly makes sense when yu are driving. On the ther hand, in a quiet library, using vice cmmands t ask a questin may nt be as suitable as typing, as it culd disturb thers. The effectiveness f using vice depends n the specific surrundings.
A. Spken web requires mre persnality t becme ppular.
B. But what are the challenges f mving t ”the spken web“?
C. It is als pssible t search fr different infrmatin yu need.
D. The benefits f using vice bviusly depend n the cntext.
E. The infrmal tne f the assistant helps create an emtinal attachment.
F. But t have a cnversatin with users n diverse tpics is a lng way ff.
G. Peple wh can’t read can als btain infrmatin using the spken web.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语音网络的流行情况以及存在的挑战。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We’re grwing mre used t chatting t ur cmputers, phnes and smart speakers thrugh vice assistants. Out f these assistants, Siri is the mst well-knwn spken web. Blind peple have been using text-t-speech assistant fr decades.(我们越来越习惯于通过语音助手与电脑、手机和智能音箱聊天。在这些助手中，Siri是最知名的语音网络。几十年来，盲人一直在使用文本转语音助手)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，继续举例说明语音助手在生活中的应用情况。故G选项“不能阅读的人也可以通过语音网络获取信息”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Sme think vice culd sn take ver frm clicking as the main way t interact nline. They believe nline interactin wuld sn depend mainly n vice.(一些人认为，语音很快就会取代点击，成为在线互动的主要方式。他们认为，在线互动很快将主要依靠语音)”以及下一段“Building the spken web—web-t-vice and vice-t-web—is by n means an easy task.(建立语音网络——网络到语音和语音到网络绝不是一件容易的事)”可知，后文提到了建立语音网络绝不是一件容易的事，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出语音网络存在挑战。故B选项“但是转向“语音网络”的挑战是什么？”符合语境，故选B。
18题详解】
根据上文“Building the spken web—web-t-vice and vice-t-web—is by n means an easy task. Fr sftware t answer simple questins abut the weather and play music fr us is easy.(建立语音网络——网络到语音和语音到网络绝不是一件容易的事。对于软件来说，回答关于天气的简单问题和为我们播放音乐是很容易的)”以及后文“Artificial intelligence isn’t smart enugh yet. Even turning yur vice int text is ne f the hardest prblems t slve. There are as many ways t prnunce things as there are peple n the planet.(人工智能还不够聪明。甚至把你的声音转换成文字也是最难解决的问题之一。地球上有多少人，就有多少种发音方法)”可知，上文提到了运用语音网络询问关于天气的简单问题，后文则提到了人工智能还不够聪明，可知本句与上文构成转折关系，指出存在的缺点。故F选项“但是与用户就不同的话题进行对话还有很长的路要走”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Using vice interactin feels far clser than surfing the net the ld-fashined way.(使用语音交互的感觉比老式的上网方式要亲近得多)”以及后文“But if smething speaks, it must als listen. Our phnes are always near us and they are cnstantly cllecting their persnal infrmatin. This has already raised privacy cncerns. Peple wrry assistants will ne day be used t deliver advertising directly t us.(但如果有东西说话，它也必须倾听。我们的手机总是在我们身边，它们不断地收集我们的个人信息。这已经引起了人们对隐私的担忧。人们担心助理有一天会被用来直接向我们发送广告)”可知，本句承接上文，说明语音互动可以带来的亲密感，故E选项“助手的非正式语气有助于建立情感依恋”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据后文“In envirnments when ne’s hands are ccupied, such as while driving r cking, the spken web is helpful. Think abut when yu are cking, it is natural t talk. And speech bviusly makes sense when yu are driving. On the ther hand, in a quiet library, using vice cmmands t ask a questin may nt be as suitable as typing, as it culd disturb thers. The effectiveness f using vice depends n the specific surrundings.(在双手被占用的环境中，比如开车或做饭时，语音网络很有帮助。想想当你做饭的时候，说话是很自然的。当你开车的时候，说话显然是有意义的。另一方面，在安静的图书馆里，使用语音命令提问可能不如打字那么合适，因为它可能会打扰别人。使用声音的有效性取决于特定的环境)”可知，后文提到了使用语音的不同环境，有的环境里使用语音很方便，而有的环境会打扰别人，说明使用语音取决于环境。故D选项“使用语音的好处显然取决于环境”符合语境，故选D。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Being part f a cmmunity can help peple feel less lnely in life. Oliver Jhnsn is nly 7years ld, but he smetimes feels lnely and abandned.
As Oliver’s birthday drew near, his mm Katherine Jhnsn ___21___ t d smething t make her sn feel ___22___ in sciety. Knwing Oliver lves ___23___ mre than tys and vide games, and always wants t sit behind the wheel, Katherine shared a simple pst n Facebk ___24___ if any truckers wuld give her sn a ___25___ in their trucks fr $50. She hped just ne trucker wuld see the pst and ___26___ . Later, Barry, the wner f a transprtatin cmpany, saw Katherine’s ___27___ . Unexpectedly, Barry appealed t the truckers f his cmpany t turn up fr a truck rally (集会) in hnr f Oliver’s birthday. Thirty-fur truckers ___28___ right away. Hwever, n the big day, mre than twice that number ___29___ . Barry was very grateful fr his staff members shwing a lnely child what a ___30___ cmmunity lks like. “When it cmes t kids, these truckers will always cme ut,” Barry said. Oliver was ___31___ surprised by the truck rally, and he culdn’t have been mre ___32___ . “We all culd sense he was surrunded by happiness,” said his father, Simn Jhnsn. “T be perfectly hnest, the big day meant mre than we culd have ever ___33___ ,” he added, “‘thank yu’ just desn’t ___34___ what’s happened.”
Nne f the truckers accepted a cent fr their time r expenses. It’s an act full f ___35___ ! Thanks t everyne wh made this happen t the special kid.
21.
A. refusedB. frgtC. failedD. wanted
22.
A. includedB. changedC. struggledD. imprved
23.
A. filmsB. lightsC. trucksD. trains
24.
A. recgnizingB. prvingC. askingD. testing
25.
A. handB. rideC. treatD. break
26.
A. respndB. discussC. blameD. explain
27.
A. respectB. peratinC. cncernD. request
28.
A. came upB. lked upC. signed upD. went up
29.
A appearedB. agreedC. btheredD. succeeded
30.
A. strangeB. newC. supprtiveD. creative
31.
A. similarlyB. cmpletelyC. finallyD. frequently
32.
A. embarrassedB. tiredC. cnfusedD. delighted
33.
A. imaginedB. fundedC. keptD. adjusted
34.
A. prmiseB. cverC. decideD. fix
35.
A. energyB. knwledgeC. ambitinD. lve
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了奥利弗·约翰逊只有7岁，但他有时会感到孤独和被遗弃。卡车司机们为这个孩子庆祝生日的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着奥利弗生日的临近，他的妈妈凯瑟琳·约翰逊想做点什么，让她的儿子感到自己成为了社会的一部分。A. refused拒绝；B. frgt忘记；C. failed失败；D. wanted想要。根据前文的“Oliver Jhnsn is nly 7years ld, but he smetimes feels lnely and abandned.”和后文“d smething t make her sn feel 2 in sciety”可知，奥利弗·约翰逊只有7岁，但他有时会感到孤独和被遗弃，所以妈妈想做点什么，让儿子感到自己融入了社会。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着奥利弗生日的临近，他的妈妈凯瑟琳·约翰逊想做点什么，让她的儿子感到自己成为了社会的一部分。A. included包括，使成为……的一部分；B. changed改变；C. struggled挣扎；D. imprved改进。根据前文的“Oliver Jhnsn is nly 7years ld, but he smetimes feels lnely and abandned.”、“his mm Katherine Jhnsn 1 t d smething t make her sn feel”和后文“in sciety”可知，奥利弗·约翰逊只有7岁，但他有时会感到孤独和被遗弃，所以妈妈想做点什么，让儿子感到自己融入了社会。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯瑟琳知道奥利弗喜欢卡车胜过玩具和电子游戏，而且总是想坐在方向盘后面，于是她在Facebk上分享了一个简单的帖子，询问是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车。A. films电影；B. lights灯；C. trucks卡车；D. trains火车。根据后文的“Katherine shared a simple pst n Facebk 4 if any truckers wuld give her sn a 5 in their trucks fr $50”可知，凯瑟琳询问是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车，可推知奥利弗喜欢卡车胜过玩具和电子游戏。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯瑟琳知道奥利弗喜欢卡车胜过玩具和电子游戏，而且总是想坐在方向盘后面，于是她在Facebk上分享了一个简单的帖子，询问是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车。A. recgnizing承认；B. prving证明；C. asking问；D. testing测试。根据后文的“if any truckers wuld give her sn a 5 in their trucks fr $50.”可知，是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车，这是凯瑟琳询问的问题。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯瑟琳知道奥利弗喜欢卡车胜过玩具和电子游戏，而且总是想坐在方向盘后面，于是她在Facebk上分享了一个简单的帖子，询问是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车。A. hand手；B. ride乘坐；C. treat治疗；D. break休息。根据前文的“in their trucks fr $50”可知，凯瑟琳询问是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她希望也许有一个卡车司机看到她的帖子并做出回应。A. respnd回答；B. discuss讨论；C. blame责怪；D. explain解释。根据前文的“She hped just ne trucker wuld see the pst”可知，她希望也许有一个卡车司机看到她的帖子，能够回应自己的帖子，以便帮助儿子。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，一家运输公司的老板巴里看到了凯瑟琳的请求。A. respect尊重；B. peratin操作；C. cncern关注；D. request请求。根据前文的“if any truckers wuld give her sn a 5 in their trucks fr $50”可知，一家运输公司的老板巴里看到了凯瑟琳的这个请求，即是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：34名卡车司机立即报名。A. came up出现；B. lked up查找；C. signed up报名，注册；D. went up上升。根据前文的“Unexpectedly, Barry appealed t the truckers f his cmpany t turn up fr a truck rally (集会) in hnr f Oliver’s birthday. Thirty-fur truckers”可知，巴里呼吁他公司的卡车司机来参加一个卡车集会，以纪念奥利弗的生日，所以有34名卡车司机立即报名。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在这个重要的日子里，出现的人数是这个数字的两倍多。A. appeared出现；B. agreed同意；C. bthered困扰；D. succeeded成功。根据前文的“Thirty-fur truckers 8 right away. Hwever, n the big day, mre than twice that number”可知，34名卡车司机报名，奥利弗生日当天，出现的人数是这个数字的两倍多。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：巴里非常感谢他的工作人员向一个孤独的孩子展示了一个支持性社区的样子。A. strange奇怪的；B. new新的；C. supprtive支持的；D. creative创造性的。根据前文的“Hwever, n the big day, mre than twice that number 9 . Barry was very grateful fr his staff members shwing a lnely child”可知，奥利弗生日当天，更多的司机出现，所以这是一个支持性社区。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：奥利弗对卡车集会完全感到惊讶，他高兴得不能再高兴了。A. similarly同样，类似地；B. cmpletely完全地；C. finally最后；D. frequently频繁地。根据后文的“surprised by the truck rally, and he culdn’t have been mre 12”可知，对为他而来的卡车集会他很高兴，也完全感到惊讶。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奥利弗对卡车集会完全感到惊讶，他高兴得不能再高兴了。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. tired疲倦的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. delighted高兴的。根据后文的“We all culd sense he was surrunded by happiness”可知，大家都能感觉到他被幸福包围着，所以他高兴得不能再高兴了。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“说实话，这个大日子的意义超出了我们的想象，”他补充说，“‘谢谢’并不足以涵盖发生的事情。”A. imagined想象；B. funded创立；C. kept保持；D. adjusted调整。根据前文的“She hped just ne trucker wuld see the pst”、“Hwever, n the big day, mre than twice that number 13”和“Oliver was 11 surprised by the truck rally, and he culdn’t have been mre 12 ”可知，在这个重要的日子里，出现的人数是这个数字的两倍多，奥利弗对卡车集会完全感到惊讶，他高兴得不能再高兴了，所以这个大日子的意义超出了想象。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“说实话，这个大日子的意义超出了我们的想象，”他补充说，“‘谢谢’并不足以涵盖发生的事情。”A. prmise承诺；B. cver覆盖，足以支付；C. decide决定；D. fix修理。根据前文的“ “We all culd sense he was surrunded by happiness,” said his father, Simn Jhnsn. “T be perfectly hnest, the big day meant mre than we culd have ever”可知，奥利弗被幸福包围着，对于大家的支持，一句谢谢不足以涵盖发生的事情，不足以表达他们的感谢之情。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个充满爱的行为！A. energy能量；B. knwledge知识；C. ambitin雄心；D. lve爱。根据前文的“Nne f the truckers accepted a cent fr their time r expenses.”可知，没有一个卡车司机因为时间或费用而收取一分钱，所以这是一个充满爱的行为。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分;满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Black tea is a ppular beverage enjyed by peple all ver the wrld. It is made frm the ___36___ (leaf) f the camellia sinensis plant (山茶植物), ___37___ underg a prcess f xidatin (氧化) t give it its distinct flavr and. clr. Originating in China, black tea has a rich histry that ___38___ (date) back thusands f years. It was first discvered during the Tang Dynasty and quickly gained ___39___ (ppular) amng the Chinese elite. Eventually, it made its way t Eurpe and became a staple in British tea culture.
Black tea is knwn fr its rbust flavr and deep, reddish-brwn clr. It has a strng, malty taste with hints f caramel and a ___40___ (slight) sweet aftertaste. The flavr can vary ___41___ (depend) n the regin and the specific type f black tea, such as Assam, Darjeeling, r Earl Grey. Besides its delicius taste, black tea als ffers numerus health benefits. It is rich in antixidants, which help prtect the bdy ___42___ free radicals (自由基) and reduce the risk f chrnic diseases. Als, black tea ___43___ (believe) t imprve heart health, bst metablism, and enhance mental alertness.
In cnclusin, black tea’s rich histry, distinct flavr, and numerus health benefits make ___44___ a ppular chice fr tea enthusiasts. S, why nt sit back, relax, and try ___45___ cup f black tea?
【答案】36. leaves
37. which 38. dates
39. ppularity
40. slightly
41. depending
42. frm##against
43. is believed 44. it 45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了红茶的悠久历史，其独特的风味和众多的健康益处使它成为茶爱好者的流行选择。
【36题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：它是由茶树的叶子制成的，经过氧化过程，使其具有独特的味道和颜色。leaf意为“叶子”，是可数名词，结合句意可知，叶子不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作frm的宾语。故填leaves.
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它是由茶树的叶子制成的，经过氧化过程，使其具有独特的味道和颜色。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是camellia sinensis plant，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：红茶起源于中国，有着可以追溯到几千年前的丰富历史。date back t意为“追溯到”，是固定短语。此处that引导的定语从句，先行词是histry，关系词that代替先行词在从句中作主语，从句描述的是事实，故用一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：它最早发现于唐朝，很快就在中国精英中流行起来。ppular是形容词，此处需用其名词形式ppularity“流行”，作动词gain的宾语，ppularity是不可数名词。故填ppularity。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：它有一种强烈的马铃薯味，并有着轻微的焦糖和甜味。此处需用副词修饰形容词sweet，slight是形容词，slightly“轻微”，是副词。故填slightly。
41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它的味道可以根据地区和特定的红茶种类而有所不同。depend n“根据”，是动词短语，句子谓语是can vary，且无连词，故用非谓语，此处主语和动词depend之间是主动关系，需用现在分词。故填depending。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：它富含抗氧化剂，有助于保护身体免受自由基的伤害，降低患慢性疾病的风险。意为“保护……免受……”，是固定搭配，故填frm或against。
【43题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：此外，红茶被认为可以改善心脏健康，促进新陈代谢，增强精神警觉。句子描述的是事实，故用一般现在时，此处主语black tea和believe“相信”之间是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is believed。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：红茶的悠久历史、独特的风味和众多的健康益处使它成为茶爱好者的流行选择。tea为不可数名词，此处需用it指代前文中的 black tea，作make的宾语。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：那么，为什么不坐下来，放松一下，喝一杯红茶呢？此处泛指“一杯红茶”，且cup以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。a cup f意为“一杯”。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15)
46. 假定你是李华，最近你校要举办主题为“The Elegance f Traditinal ChineseCulture”的校园文化节。请你写一封信，邀请对此感兴趣的美国外教David来参加。内容包括：
1. 举办的时间和地点；
2. 活动的内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Warm regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
Knwing yur keen interest in traditinal Chinese culture, I am delighted t extend an invitatin t yu fr ur upcming campus cultural festival.
Themed “The Elegance f Traditinal Chinese Culture”, the event is scheduled fr Nvember 2nd and will be held at the schl Lecture Hall. It features an impressive prgram, including engaging exhibitins f Chinese calligraphy, painting and interactive wrkshps that will allw ur students t deeply immerse themselves in the rich heritage f traditinal Chinese culture. We believe yur presence wuld enrich the event.
Please let us knw yur availability. We will ensure yur visit is bth enjyable and enlightening.
Warm regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国外教David写一封信，邀请他参加学校要举办的校园文化节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→happy/pleased
举行：be held→take place
有趣的：engaging→interesting
确保：ensure→guarantee
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Themed “The Elegance f Traditinal Chinese Culture”, the event is scheduled fr Nvember 2nd and will be held at the schl Lecture Hall.
拓展句：The event which is themed “The Elegance f Traditinal Chinese Culture”, is scheduled fr Nvember 2nd and will be held at the schl Lecture Hall.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It features an impressive prgram, including engaging exhibitins f Chinese calligraphy, painting and interactive wrkshps that will allw ur students t deeply immerse themselves in the rich heritage f traditinal Chinese culture.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】We will ensure yur visit is bth enjyable and enlightening.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Shveling the snw had always been the best part abut winter. Nt that I thught it was fun, but my dad’s reactin t a clean driveway kept me ging. He hated shveling snw mre than anything. S, I tk it upn myself at eight years ld t d it fr him. Every time I saw snw fall frm the sky, I knew the universe was ready t put me t wrk.
I wuld run and put n my jacket, snw bts t prepare myself fr the wrk ahead. But every single time, befre I went utside, I wuld stp by my lder sister’s rm t see if she wanted t help me. I knew she wuld say n, but I always asked anyway.
One day there was a lt f snw, and there was n way I wuld be able t clean it all up myself. It was getting dark, and I hated the thught f my dad having t shvel the snw after a lng day f wrk. S I did the rutine and kncked n my sister’s dr. As I expected, she gave me the same ld “n”. Annyed, I asked again. Withut saying anything further, she gt up, pushed me ut f the rm and slammed (平地关上) the dr in my face.
I std there silently fr a secnd. Then, I turned arund, went ut f the huse, and set ut in the cld t tackle the enemy that lay in my driveway. But I culdn’t calm dwn. I was really angry that she wuld leave me t battle this alne. All I wanted was sme help. The mre I remembered every “n” she had ever said t me, the angrier I became.
I fught tirelessly, my shrt arms swinging frm side t side while the wind cut against my cheeks. After ne lng hur, I was nt even halfway dne. Lking at the victrius snw, I thught f Dad’s disappintment.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Feeling bitter and desperate, I culdn’t stp my tears.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My sister and I went utside.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Feeling bitter and desperate, I culdn’t stp my tears. My inner anger was like a grwing mnster, uncntrllably driving me t the edge f madness. Befre I realized it, I was sbbing in my sister’s rm, with bullets f wrds firing thrugh my muth, expressing my lng-buried dissatisfactin twards her absence frm my snw shveling experiences. The huse seemed t be hlding its breath when I stpped my accusatin, still weeping. “Please dn’t cry. Every teardrp f yurs is a reminder f hw selfish I was. I’m srry. Wuld yu give me anther chance t g shveling with yu?”, said my sister with gentleness and sincerity in her vice.
My sister and I went ut. Mre than half f the driveway was still blanketed in white but I wasn’t alne in this battle any mre. Every shvel f snw was a witness t the energy and excitement in me. By the time we finished, my back was aching, muscles sre, and bdy exhausted. Hwever, deep inside me was a brther, wh was s vercme with happiness that he felt n tp f the wrld. That was the beauty f cmpaninship. And frm the bright smile blming n my sister’s face, I culd tell that she felt the same. Arm in arm, we walked inside as darkness fell, waiting fr father t cme hme.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的爸爸不喜欢铲雪，于是作者自己担负起这项工作，每次下雪，他都会主动为爸爸铲雪，但是有一次下了很大的雪，他一个人不可能在爸爸下班之前完成，于是寻求姐姐的帮助，但是被拒绝了，作者不知疲倦地战斗着，却还没有完成一半，他感到很生气，也因为想到爸爸在工作了一天之后还要去铲雪感到失望。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我感到痛苦和绝望，无法停止我的眼泪。”可知，第一段可描写作者因为难过去姐姐房间哭泣，表达了自己对她不在自己铲雪经历中长期埋藏的不满的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“我姐姐和我出去了。”可知，第二段可描写姐弟俩携手铲雪的过程和作者内心的感受。
2.续写线索：感到生气——表达不满——姐姐道歉，请求再给一次机会——姐弟俩一起铲雪——感到兴奋和充满活力——完成时筋疲力尽——感到幸福
3.词汇激活：
行为类
表达：express/cnvey
再给一次机会：give anther chance/ffer her anther pprtunity
完成：finish/cmplete
情绪类
兴奋：excitement/delight
筋疲力尽的：exhausted/tired
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Befre I realized it, I was sbbing in my sister’s rm, with bullets f wrds firing thrugh my muth, expressing my lng-buried dissatisfactin twards her absence frm my snw shveling experiences.（befre引导时间状语从句，expressing为现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]
Hwever, deep inside me was a brther, wh was s vercme with happiness that he felt n tp f the wrld.（wh和that引导定语从句）
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5)
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Tp Cffee-prducing Cuntries
Brazil
Back in the 18th century, Brazil started grwing cffee. Nw, arund 300,000 cffee farmers in Brazil prduce abut 40% f the wrld’s cffee. Arabica (阿拉比卡咖啡) takes up 70% f the cffee beans grwn in the cuntry. In Brazil, 3% f exprt incme is frm cffee beans. Brazilians are wild abut drinking their cffee and cnsume it all day lng.
Vietnam
Cffee fund its way t Vietnam in the 1800s. Nw cffee industry emplys almst 3 millin peple. Mst f Vietnam’s cffee prductin is the less appreciated Rbusta (罗布斯塔咖啡) variety. Because f that, mst cffee beans grwn in Vietnam are fr instant cffee. Despite cffee’s ppularity as an exprt crp, the Vietnamese still prefer tea. They als make a famus Cappuccin (卡布奇诺咖啡) nt fund elsewhere—famus because it gets a dse f raw egg if that’s t yur liking.
Clmbia
Cffee was intrduced int Clmbia in the early 1700s. In Clmbia, abut 2.3 millin acres f land are planted with cffee. Cffee is the mst imprtant agricultural exprt. There are arund 555,000 cffee grwers in Clmbia. The majrity f Clmbian cffee plantatins are wned by families. Clmbians typically start their mrning with a tint. It’s a small cup f black cffee that’s sweetened with sugar. They may add cinnamn r ther spices t jazz it up.
Indnesia
Indnesia has a lng cffee histry that ges back t the 1600s, which has its share f ups and dwns. In the late 19th century, the terrible cffee rust disease caused death t many f the high-quality cffee plants. T prevent this frm happening again, Indnesia replanted with the disease-resistant Rbusta cffee. Arabica beans still play a part in the Indnesian cffee market, representing abut 25% f cffee beans grwn there.
1. Which f the fur cuntries started grwing cffee earliest?
A. Brazil.B. Vietnam.C. Clmbia.D. Indnesia.
2. What is special abut Vietnam?
A. A unique kind f cffee drink is made there.
B. High-quality cffee beans are prduced there.
C. Cffee was prduced fr the hme market there.
D. Cffee planting met with prblems in the 1990s there.
3. What d Brazil and Clmbia have in cmmn?
A. Cffee exprts are grwing in bth cuntries.
B. They bth have a cffee-lving ppulatin.
C. They share the same number f cffee grwers.
D. Cffee farms are wned by families in bth cuntries.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个咖啡产国的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Back in the 18th century, Brazil started grwing cffee. (早在18世纪，巴西就开始种植咖啡。)”；第二段“Cffee fund its way t Vietnam in the 1800s. (咖啡在19世纪进入越南。)”；第三段“Cffee was intrduced int Clmbia in the early 1700s. (咖啡在18世纪早期被引入哥伦比亚)”以及最后一段“Indnesia has a lng cffee histry that ges back t the 1600s, which has its share f ups and dwns. (印尼有着悠久的咖啡历史，可以追溯到17世纪，其间有起有落。)”可知，Indnesia是种植咖啡最早的。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They als make a famus Cappuccin (卡布奇诺咖啡) nt fund elsewhere—famus because it gets a dse f raw egg if that’s t yur liking. (他们还制作了一款在其他地方找不到的著名的卡布奇诺——出名是因为如果你喜欢的话，它会加一些生鸡蛋。)”可知，越南的特别之处在于那里生产一种独特的咖啡饮料。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Brazilians are wild abut drinking their cffee and cnsume it all day lng. (巴西人喜欢喝咖啡，整天都在喝。)”和第三段中“Clmbians typically start their mrning with a tint. It’s a small cup f black cffee that’s sweetened with sugar. (哥伦比亚人通常以一杯tint开始他们的早晨。它是一小杯加糖的黑咖啡。)”可知，巴西和哥伦比亚的共同之处是都有喜欢喝咖啡的人。故选B。
B
I jined the cast guard because I wanted t help peple. Hvercraft (气垫船) are rare and special. They’ve been discntinued in mst cmmercial peratin, because they are s expensive t make, but when it cmes t search and rescue, they’re priceless.
Frm far away, a hvercraft lks like a nrmal bat. But if yu lk under its skirt, the craft is nt tuching the water — it flats n a cushin f air. That cushin allws us t travel ver everything frm water t muddy land — and even break thrugh ice. We d all f that as a 70-tnne machine, ging a maximum f nearly 120 kilmeters per hur. These features allw us t rescue a large number f peple quickly get nt land, and get smene int an ambulance far easier than with any ther device I can think f.
The advantages f hvercraft can als make them difficult t handle. We’ve gt a massive vehicle mving fast, smetimes in a thick fg bank up a narrw river. During assignments n ther cast guard ships, I had 20 minutes t make alteratins t avid a crash. In a hvercraft, I have 10 secnds. Yu have t have enugh situatinal awareness t make the right decisin every time.
Peple call us fr all srts f prblems: missing divers, n-bard fires, r even when they’ve run ut f fuel r had a mechanical breakdwn. A cntainer ship culd burst int flames. We have a strng netwrk here at the base t help everyne thrugh difficult situatins like that. Thankfully, we have captains wh train us in a safe envirnment, but yu dn’t ever get fully cmfrtable. Anything can thrw the hvercraft ff — maybe yur lift settings are ff a little, r the wind blws with a bit f extra weight. After several years perating a hvercraft, I’m still learning. Every ne f the captains here agrees: yu can drive this thing fr 20 years and still be surprised.
4. What makes hvercraft unsuitable fr cmmercial use?
A. Their safety risks.B. Their pr durability.C. Their lw efficiency.D. Their prductin csts.
5. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. Hw a hvercraft wrks.B. What cmprises a hvercraft.
C. What distinguishes a hvercraft.D. Hw a hvercraft helps victims.
6. What challenge d hvercraft pse t the pilt?
A. They have t make faster respnses.
B. They ften face mechanical breakdwns.
C. They need mre peple fr decisin making.
D. They must cnsider the envirnmental cncerns.
7. What des the authr think f perating a hvercraft?
A. Dull.B. Demanding.C. Enjyable.D. Effrtless.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍作者在海岸警卫队使用气垫船的体验。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“They’ve been discntinued in mst cmmercial peratin, because they are s expensive t make, but when it cmes t search and rescue, they’re priceless.(它们在大多数商业运营中都已停产，因为它们的制造成本太高，但在搜救方面，它们是无价的。)”可知，气垫船的生产成本使气垫船不适合商业使用。故选D项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Frm far away, a hvercraft lks like a nrmal bat. But if yu lk under its skirt, the craft is nt tuching the water — it flats n a cushin f air. That cushin allws us t travel ver everything frm water t muddy land — and even break thrugh ice. We d all f that as a 70-tnne machine, ging a maximum f nearly 120 kilmeters per hur.(从远处看，气垫船就像一艘普通的船。但如果你从它的裙子下面看，这艘船并没有碰到水——它漂浮在气垫上。这种缓冲垫可以让我们穿越从水到泥泞的土地的一切，甚至可以破冰。我们完成所有这些工作正如一台70吨重的机器那样，最高时速接近120公里。)”以及后文可知，本段主要介绍气垫船的与众不同之处。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段“During assignments n ther cast guard ships, I had 20 minutes t make alteratins t avid a crash. In a hvercraft, I have 10 secnds. Yu have t have enugh situatinal awareness t make the right decisin every time.(在其它海岸警卫队船只上执行任务时，我有20分钟的时间进行改变航线，以避免发生撞击事故。在气垫船上，我有10秒的时间。你必须有足够的情境意识，才能每次都做出正确的决定。)”可知，气垫船驾驶员必须做出更快的反应。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Anything can thrw the hvercraft ff — maybe yur lift settings are ff a little, r the wind blws with a bit f extra weight. After several years perating a hvercraft, I’m still learning. Every ne f the captains here agrees: yu can drive this thing fr 20 years and still be surprised.(任何事情都可能使气垫船偏离——也许你的升力设置有点偏离，或者风吹得有点重。在操作气垫船几年后，我仍在学习。这里的每一位队长都同意：你可以驾驶这辆车20年，但仍然会感到惊讶。)”可知，作者认为操作气垫船是要求很高的。故选B项。
C
Curisity — the desire t knw, t discver, t learn. Inspired by curisity, humans are fund everywhere n ur planet, and beynd it in space. Yet accrding t human behaviurist and authr f Curius, Ian Leslie, althugh we are all brn curius, nt all f us bring this int adulthd, and we can lse ut as a result.
As Leslie explains, curisity shapes us frm the start. By trying new things, we build knwledge, and want t knw mre. “We are brn aware that we dn’t knw stuff — we want t experience and discver.” Hwever, the cntrast between childhd and adulthd is clear. “We ask 40,000 questins a year between the ages f tw and five,” says Leslie — arund 110 each day; adults, in cmparisn, ask just 20.
As we get lder, we may feel hesitant abut asking questins, believing this reveals gaps in ur knwledge. We can becme scared t share uncnventinal ideas fr fear f criticism r misunderstanding. We can als be a victim f ur success, as Leslie explains. “Once yu’ve wrked ut hw t d yur jb, then yu dn’t feel curius anymre. The need t learn ges away — in a way, curisity has dne its jb. But that desn’t mean yu shuldn’t cultivate it.”
Leslie’s tips fr cultivating curisity begin with spending time with the experts — children. “Talk t yur kids, and try t answer thse weird, difficult questins they have — like ‘What is air?’ This makes yu think abut things yu’ve taken fr granted — it reawakens yur curisity in what’s arund us and hw we perceive the wrld.”
S des finding what Leslie calls an ‘infrmal mentr’, thrugh wrk r ther circles, wh is happy t share their expertise, frm a skill, technlgy, t a field f learning. “Try t think f peple the way children think f adults — as surces f secret knwledge, a great stre f learning yu can tap int,” says Leslie.
Leslie als suggests creating a ‘spark file’ — a digital r physical ntebk in which yu cllect interesting thughts. “Fill it with facts yu’ve cme acrss, sentences yu like, insights that strike yu. Let it be randm. And let it build. Over time yu’ll build up a rich surce f inspiratin, and yu’ll think, ‘Oh that’s interesting, that relates t this…’ And suddenly yur mind starts firing away with new ideas and ways f thinking.”
8. Accrding t Leslie, what happens as we get lder?
A. We gradually lse ur natural curisity.
B. We are less aware f ur knwledge gaps.
C. We are unwilling t let thers benefit frm ur ideas.
D. We may think asking questins makes peple flish.
9. Which f the fllwing sayings might Leslie agree with?
A. A day’s planning is best dne at daybreak.
B. In the eyes f a lver, Xi Shi will appear.
C. A master can lead yu t the dr, but the rest is up t yu.
D. When three peple walk tgether, ne can surely be my teacher.
10. Which f the fllwing is a characteristic f a ‘spark file’?
A. It is carefully rganized.B. It can help peple cnnect ideas.
C. It nly cntains cmplete sentences.D. It can help peple imprve their memry.
11. What is the writer’s aim in this passage?
A. T prve Ian Leslie’s arguments.B. T summarise Ian Leslie’s viewpint.
C. T questin Ian Leslie’s cnclusins.D. T intrduce Ian Leslie’s achievements.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了人类行为学家Ian Leslie关于好奇心的观点及如何培养好奇心的研究。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As we get lder, we may feel hesitant abut asking questins, believing this reveals gaps in ur knwledge. We can becme scared t share uncnventinal ideas fr fear f criticism r misunderstanding. We can als be a victim f ur success, as Leslie explains. “Once yu’ve wrked ut hw t d yur jb, then yu dn’t feel curius anymre. The need t learn ges away — in a way, curisity has dne its jb. But that desn’t mean yu shuldn’t cultivate it.”( 随着年龄的增长，我们可能会对提问感到犹豫，认为这暴露了我们知识上的差距。我们可能会因为害怕批评或误解而变得害怕分享非传统的想法。正如莱斯利解释的那样，我们也可能成为成功的受害者。“一旦你弄清楚了如何做你的工作，你就不会再感到好奇了。学习的需要消失了——在某种程度上，好奇心已经完成了它的工作。但这并不意味着你不应该培养它。”)”可推知，Leslie认为，随着年龄的增长我们可能会逐渐失去天生的好奇心。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段内容，结合本段中“Leslie’s tips fr cultivating curisity begin with spending time with the experts — children.( Leslie培养好奇心的建议是从花时间和专家——孩子们——在一起开始的)”及“This makes yu think abut things yu’ve taken fr granted — it reawakens yur curisity in what’s arund us and hw we perceive the wrld.(这会让你思考你认为理所当然的事情——它会重新唤醒你对我们周围的事物以及我们如何看待世界的好奇心)”可知，Leslie建议和孩子们在一起来培养好奇心，由此可推知他会同意D项观点“三人行，必有我师”。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“Leslie als suggests creating a ‘spark file’ — a digital r physical ntebk in which yu cllect interesting thughts.(Leslie还建议创建一个‘火花文件’——一个可以收集有趣想法的电子或实体笔记本)”及“Over time yu’ll build up a rich surce f inspiratin, and yu’ll think, ‘Oh that’s interesting, that relates t this…’(随着时间的推移，你会建立一个丰富的灵感来源，你会想，‘哦，这很有趣，这和这个有关……’)”可知，“火花文件”可以帮助人们把想法联系起来。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段最后一句“Yet accrding t human behaviurist and authr f Curius, Ian Leslie, althugh we are all brn curius, nt all f us bring this int adulthd, and we can lse ut as a result.(然而，根据人类行为学家、《好奇》一书的作者Ian Leslie的说法，尽管我们生来就有好奇心，但并不是所有人都会在成年后变得好奇，因此我们可能会因此而失败)”可知，本文主要介绍了Ian Leslie关于好奇心的观点。故作者的目的是总结他的观点。故选B。
D
Fr the histry f life n Earth, rganisms have relied n the light f the sun, mn, and stars t find their way and schedule their lives. While the beginning f electric lighting in the late 19th century may have benefited humans, it has caused prblems in the natural wrld. Amng the impacts f artificial light at night(ALAN), light pllutin lures migrating birds t cities with shcking cnsequences, cntributes t the alarming decline in insect ppulatins, and cnvinces sea turtle babies t amble(缓行)away frm the water instead f twards it.
Nw, a new study frm the University f Plymuth adds anther disappinting finding abut hw ALAN is affecting the creatures with whm we share the planet: Light pllutin frm castal cities can trick crals(珊瑚)int reprducing utside f the ptimum times when they wuld nrmally reprduce.
Using a cmbinatin f light pllutin data and spawning(产卵)bservatins, researchers were able t shw fr the first time that crals expsed t ALAN are spawning ne t three days earlier and clser t the full mn cmpared t thse n unlit crals. “That shift may reduce the survival and fertilizatin success f gametes(配子)and genetic cnnectivity between nearby lit and unlit cral systems,” they explain.
“Crals are amng the mst bidiverse, ecnmically imprtant, and threatened ecsystems n the planet,” write the authrs f the study.
“Climate change has led t mass bleaching(褪色)events. Habitat destructin, fisheries, and pllutin have reduced crals substantially since the 1950s,” they write, adding, “The cmplete lss f crals is anticipated ver the next 100 years.”
If we want t reduce the harm ALAN is causing, we culd perhaps lk t delay the switching-n f night-time lighting in castal regins t ensure the natural dark perid between sunset and mnrise when cral reprductin remains undisturbed.
12. Why is the first paragraph written?
A. T present the tpic f the text.B. T advcate energy cnservatin.
C. T explain a natural phenmenn.D. T prvide backgrund infrmatin.
13. What des the underlined wrd “ptimum” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Pssible.B. Apprpriate.C. Flexible.D. Sensitive.
14 What is the researchers’ majr cncern ver crals?
A. Extinctin.B. Lsing value.
C. Terrible diseases.D. Expsure t mnlight.
15. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Creatures Rely n Natural Lights t Schedule Their Life
B. Night-time Lighting Shrtens Natural Dark Perid
C. Castal Lights Trick Crals int Early Spawning
D. Light Pllutin Leads t Serius Cnsequences
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了海滨城市的照明对珊瑚的影响。这些照明产生的光会使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚产卵早，从而对其产生不利影响。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Fr the histry f life n Earth, rganisms have relied n the light f the sun, mn, and stars t find their way and schedule their lives. While the beginning f electric lighting in the late 19th century may have benefited humans, it has caused prblems in the natural wrld. Amng the impacts f artificial light at night(ALAN), light pllutin lures migrating birds t cities with shcking cnsequences, cntributes t the alarming decline in insect ppulatins, and cnvinces sea turtle babies t amble(缓行)away frm the water instead f twards it.(在地球上生命的历史中，生物一直依靠太阳、月亮和星星的光来找到自己的路，安排自己的生活。虽然19世纪末开始的电灯可能给人类带来了好处，但它也给自然界带来了问题。在夜间人造光(ALAN)的影响中，光污染将候鸟吸引到城市，带来令人震惊的后果，导致昆虫数量惊人的下降，并使海龟宝宝远离水而不是靠近水。)”可知，文章第一段介绍了始于 19 世末的人造光源对自然产生的不好的影响，结合第二段“Nw, a new study frm the University f Plymuth adds anther disappinting finding abut hw ALAN is affecting the creatures with whm we share the planet: Light pllutin frm castal cities can trick crals(珊瑚)int reprducing utside f the ptimum times when they wuld nrmally reprduce.(现在，普利茅斯大学的一项新研究增加了另一个令人失望的发现，即ALAN如何影响与我们共享地球的生物：沿海城市的光污染会诱使珊瑚在正常繁殖的最佳时间之外繁殖。)”讲述文章主题是阐述人造光对于珊瑚的危害可推断，第一段的目的是提出提供了背景信息。故选D。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。分析句子可知，后面的定语从句“when they wuld nrmally reprduce(当它们正常繁殖的时候)”修饰the ptimum time可知“the ptimum times”指的是“珊瑚正常的繁殖时间”，所以画线词与apprpriate“合适的，恰当的”。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“The cmplete lss f crals is anticipated ver the next 100 years.( 预计珊瑚将在未来100年内完全消失。)”可知，研究人员最大的担心是珊瑚的灭绝。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第二段“Nw, a new study frm the University f Plymuth adds anther disappinting finding abut hw ALAN is affecting the creatures with whm we share the planet: Light pllutin frm castal cities can trick crals(珊瑚)int reprducing utside f the ptimum times when they wuld nrmally reprduce.(现在，普利茅斯大学的一项新研究增加了另一个令人失望的发现，即ALAN如何影响与我们共享地球的生物：沿海城市的光污染会诱使珊瑚在正常繁殖的最佳时间之外繁殖。)”可知，本文主要介绍了海滨城市的照明对珊瑚的影响。这些照明产生的光会使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚产卵早，从而对其产生不利影响，因此 C 项“海岸灯光诱使珊瑚提早产卵”为合适的标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
We’re grwing mre used t chatting t ur cmputers, phnes and smart speakers thrugh vice assistants. Out f these assistants, Siri is the mst well-knwn spken web. Blind peple have been using text-t-speech assistant fr decades. ___16___
Sme think vice culd sn take ver frm clicking as the main way t interact nline. They believe nline interactin wuld sn depend mainly n vice. ___17___
Building the spken web—web-t-vice and vice-t-web—is by n means an easy task. Fr sftware t answer simple questins abut the weather and play music fr us is easy. ___18___ Artificial intelligence isn’t smart enugh yet. Even turning yur vice int text is ne f the hardest prblems t slve. There are as many ways t prnunce things as there are peple n the planet.
Using vice interactin feels far clser than surfing the net the ld-fashined way. ___19___ But if smething speaks, it must als listen. Our phnes are always near us and they are cnstantly cllecting their persnal infrmatin. This has already raised privacy cncerns. Peple wrry assistants will ne day be used t deliver advertising directly t us.
___20___ In envirnments when ne’s hands are ccupied, such as while driving r cking, the spken web is helpful. Think abut when yu are cking, it is natural t talk. And speech bviusly makes sense when yu are driving. On the ther hand, in a quiet library, using vice cmmands t ask a questin may nt be as suitable as typing, as it culd disturb thers. The effectiveness f using vice depends n the specific surrundings.
A. Spken web requires mre persnality t becme ppular.
B. But what are the challenges f mving t ”the spken web“?
C. It is als pssible t search fr different infrmatin yu need.
D. The benefits f using vice bviusly depend n the cntext.
E. The infrmal tne f the assistant helps create an emtinal attachment.
F. But t have a cnversatin with users n diverse tpics is a lng way ff.
G. Peple wh can’t read can als btain infrmatin using the spken web.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语音网络的流行情况以及存在的挑战。
【16题详解】
根据上文“We’re grwing mre used t chatting t ur cmputers, phnes and smart speakers thrugh vice assistants. Out f these assistants, Siri is the mst well-knwn spken web. Blind peple have been using text-t-speech assistant fr decades.(我们越来越习惯于通过语音助手与电脑、手机和智能音箱聊天。在这些助手中，Siri是最知名的语音网络。几十年来，盲人一直在使用文本转语音助手)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，继续举例说明语音助手在生活中的应用情况。故G选项“不能阅读的人也可以通过语音网络获取信息”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Sme think vice culd sn take ver frm clicking as the main way t interact nline. They believe nline interactin wuld sn depend mainly n vice.(一些人认为，语音很快就会取代点击，成为在线互动的主要方式。他们认为，在线互动很快将主要依靠语音)”以及下一段“Building the spken web—web-t-vice and vice-t-web—is by n means an easy task.(建立语音网络——网络到语音和语音到网络绝不是一件容易的事)”可知，后文提到了建立语音网络绝不是一件容易的事，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出语音网络存在挑战。故B选项“但是转向“语音网络”的挑战是什么？”符合语境，故选B。
18题详解】
根据上文“Building the spken web—web-t-vice and vice-t-web—is by n means an easy task. Fr sftware t answer simple questins abut the weather and play music fr us is easy.(建立语音网络——网络到语音和语音到网络绝不是一件容易的事。对于软件来说，回答关于天气的简单问题和为我们播放音乐是很容易的)”以及后文“Artificial intelligence isn’t smart enugh yet. Even turning yur vice int text is ne f the hardest prblems t slve. There are as many ways t prnunce things as there are peple n the planet.(人工智能还不够聪明。甚至把你的声音转换成文字也是最难解决的问题之一。地球上有多少人，就有多少种发音方法)”可知，上文提到了运用语音网络询问关于天气的简单问题，后文则提到了人工智能还不够聪明，可知本句与上文构成转折关系，指出存在的缺点。故F选项“但是与用户就不同的话题进行对话还有很长的路要走”符合语境，故选F。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Using vice interactin feels far clser than surfing the net the ld-fashined way.(使用语音交互的感觉比老式的上网方式要亲近得多)”以及后文“But if smething speaks, it must als listen. Our phnes are always near us and they are cnstantly cllecting their persnal infrmatin. This has already raised privacy cncerns. Peple wrry assistants will ne day be used t deliver advertising directly t us.(但如果有东西说话，它也必须倾听。我们的手机总是在我们身边，它们不断地收集我们的个人信息。这已经引起了人们对隐私的担忧。人们担心助理有一天会被用来直接向我们发送广告)”可知，本句承接上文，说明语音互动可以带来的亲密感，故E选项“助手的非正式语气有助于建立情感依恋”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据后文“In envirnments when ne’s hands are ccupied, such as while driving r cking, the spken web is helpful. Think abut when yu are cking, it is natural t talk. And speech bviusly makes sense when yu are driving. On the ther hand, in a quiet library, using vice cmmands t ask a questin may nt be as suitable as typing, as it culd disturb thers. The effectiveness f using vice depends n the specific surrundings.(在双手被占用的环境中，比如开车或做饭时，语音网络很有帮助。想想当你做饭的时候，说话是很自然的。当你开车的时候，说话显然是有意义的。另一方面，在安静的图书馆里，使用语音命令提问可能不如打字那么合适，因为它可能会打扰别人。使用声音的有效性取决于特定的环境)”可知，后文提到了使用语音的不同环境，有的环境里使用语音很方便，而有的环境会打扰别人，说明使用语音取决于环境。故D选项“使用语音的好处显然取决于环境”符合语境，故选D。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Being part f a cmmunity can help peple feel less lnely in life. Oliver Jhnsn is nly 7years ld, but he smetimes feels lnely and abandned.
As Oliver’s birthday drew near, his mm Katherine Jhnsn ___21___ t d smething t make her sn feel ___22___ in sciety. Knwing Oliver lves ___23___ mre than tys and vide games, and always wants t sit behind the wheel, Katherine shared a simple pst n Facebk ___24___ if any truckers wuld give her sn a ___25___ in their trucks fr $50. She hped just ne trucker wuld see the pst and ___26___ . Later, Barry, the wner f a transprtatin cmpany, saw Katherine’s ___27___ . Unexpectedly, Barry appealed t the truckers f his cmpany t turn up fr a truck rally (集会) in hnr f Oliver’s birthday. Thirty-fur truckers ___28___ right away. Hwever, n the big day, mre than twice that number ___29___ . Barry was very grateful fr his staff members shwing a lnely child what a ___30___ cmmunity lks like. “When it cmes t kids, these truckers will always cme ut,” Barry said. Oliver was ___31___ surprised by the truck rally, and he culdn’t have been mre ___32___ . “We all culd sense he was surrunded by happiness,” said his father, Simn Jhnsn. “T be perfectly hnest, the big day meant mre than we culd have ever ___33___ ,” he added, “‘thank yu’ just desn’t ___34___ what’s happened.”
Nne f the truckers accepted a cent fr their time r expenses. It’s an act full f ___35___ ! Thanks t everyne wh made this happen t the special kid.
21.
A. refusedB. frgtC. failedD. wanted
22.
A. includedB. changedC. struggledD. imprved
23.
A. filmsB. lightsC. trucksD. trains
24.
A. recgnizingB. prvingC. askingD. testing
25.
A. handB. rideC. treatD. break
26.
A. respndB. discussC. blameD. explain
27.
A. respectB. peratinC. cncernD. request
28.
A. came upB. lked upC. signed upD. went up
29.
A appearedB. agreedC. btheredD. succeeded
30.
A. strangeB. newC. supprtiveD. creative
31.
A. similarlyB. cmpletelyC. finallyD. frequently
32.
A. embarrassedB. tiredC. cnfusedD. delighted
33.
A. imaginedB. fundedC. keptD. adjusted
34.
A. prmiseB. cverC. decideD. fix
35.
A. energyB. knwledgeC. ambitinD. lve
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了奥利弗·约翰逊只有7岁，但他有时会感到孤独和被遗弃。卡车司机们为这个孩子庆祝生日的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着奥利弗生日的临近，他的妈妈凯瑟琳·约翰逊想做点什么，让她的儿子感到自己成为了社会的一部分。A. refused拒绝；B. frgt忘记；C. failed失败；D. wanted想要。根据前文的“Oliver Jhnsn is nly 7years ld, but he smetimes feels lnely and abandned.”和后文“d smething t make her sn feel 2 in sciety”可知，奥利弗·约翰逊只有7岁，但他有时会感到孤独和被遗弃，所以妈妈想做点什么，让儿子感到自己融入了社会。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着奥利弗生日的临近，他的妈妈凯瑟琳·约翰逊想做点什么，让她的儿子感到自己成为了社会的一部分。A. included包括，使成为……的一部分；B. changed改变；C. struggled挣扎；D. imprved改进。根据前文的“Oliver Jhnsn is nly 7years ld, but he smetimes feels lnely and abandned.”、“his mm Katherine Jhnsn 1 t d smething t make her sn feel”和后文“in sciety”可知，奥利弗·约翰逊只有7岁，但他有时会感到孤独和被遗弃，所以妈妈想做点什么，让儿子感到自己融入了社会。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯瑟琳知道奥利弗喜欢卡车胜过玩具和电子游戏，而且总是想坐在方向盘后面，于是她在Facebk上分享了一个简单的帖子，询问是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车。A. films电影；B. lights灯；C. trucks卡车；D. trains火车。根据后文的“Katherine shared a simple pst n Facebk 4 if any truckers wuld give her sn a 5 in their trucks fr $50”可知，凯瑟琳询问是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车，可推知奥利弗喜欢卡车胜过玩具和电子游戏。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：凯瑟琳知道奥利弗喜欢卡车胜过玩具和电子游戏，而且总是想坐在方向盘后面，于是她在Facebk上分享了一个简单的帖子，询问是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车。A. recgnizing承认；B. prving证明；C. asking问；D. testing测试。根据后文的“if any truckers wuld give her sn a 5 in their trucks fr $50.”可知，是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车，这是凯瑟琳询问的问题。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯瑟琳知道奥利弗喜欢卡车胜过玩具和电子游戏，而且总是想坐在方向盘后面，于是她在Facebk上分享了一个简单的帖子，询问是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车。A. hand手；B. ride乘坐；C. treat治疗；D. break休息。根据前文的“in their trucks fr $50”可知，凯瑟琳询问是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她希望也许有一个卡车司机看到她的帖子并做出回应。A. respnd回答；B. discuss讨论；C. blame责怪；D. explain解释。根据前文的“She hped just ne trucker wuld see the pst”可知，她希望也许有一个卡车司机看到她的帖子，能够回应自己的帖子，以便帮助儿子。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，一家运输公司的老板巴里看到了凯瑟琳的请求。A. respect尊重；B. peratin操作；C. cncern关注；D. request请求。根据前文的“if any truckers wuld give her sn a 5 in their trucks fr $50”可知，一家运输公司的老板巴里看到了凯瑟琳的这个请求，即是否有卡车司机愿意为50美元让她的儿子乘坐他们的卡车。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：34名卡车司机立即报名。A. came up出现；B. lked up查找；C. signed up报名，注册；D. went up上升。根据前文的“Unexpectedly, Barry appealed t the truckers f his cmpany t turn up fr a truck rally (集会) in hnr f Oliver’s birthday. Thirty-fur truckers”可知，巴里呼吁他公司的卡车司机来参加一个卡车集会，以纪念奥利弗的生日，所以有34名卡车司机立即报名。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在这个重要的日子里，出现的人数是这个数字的两倍多。A. appeared出现；B. agreed同意；C. bthered困扰；D. succeeded成功。根据前文的“Thirty-fur truckers 8 right away. Hwever, n the big day, mre than twice that number”可知，34名卡车司机报名，奥利弗生日当天，出现的人数是这个数字的两倍多。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：巴里非常感谢他的工作人员向一个孤独的孩子展示了一个支持性社区的样子。A. strange奇怪的；B. new新的；C. supprtive支持的；D. creative创造性的。根据前文的“Hwever, n the big day, mre than twice that number 9 . Barry was very grateful fr his staff members shwing a lnely child”可知，奥利弗生日当天，更多的司机出现，所以这是一个支持性社区。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：奥利弗对卡车集会完全感到惊讶，他高兴得不能再高兴了。A. similarly同样，类似地；B. cmpletely完全地；C. finally最后；D. frequently频繁地。根据后文的“surprised by the truck rally, and he culdn’t have been mre 12”可知，对为他而来的卡车集会他很高兴，也完全感到惊讶。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奥利弗对卡车集会完全感到惊讶，他高兴得不能再高兴了。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. tired疲倦的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. delighted高兴的。根据后文的“We all culd sense he was surrunded by happiness”可知，大家都能感觉到他被幸福包围着，所以他高兴得不能再高兴了。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“说实话，这个大日子的意义超出了我们的想象，”他补充说，“‘谢谢’并不足以涵盖发生的事情。”A. imagined想象；B. funded创立；C. kept保持；D. adjusted调整。根据前文的“She hped just ne trucker wuld see the pst”、“Hwever, n the big day, mre than twice that number 13”和“Oliver was 11 surprised by the truck rally, and he culdn’t have been mre 12 ”可知，在这个重要的日子里，出现的人数是这个数字的两倍多，奥利弗对卡车集会完全感到惊讶，他高兴得不能再高兴了，所以这个大日子的意义超出了想象。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“说实话，这个大日子的意义超出了我们的想象，”他补充说，“‘谢谢’并不足以涵盖发生的事情。”A. prmise承诺；B. cver覆盖，足以支付；C. decide决定；D. fix修理。根据前文的“ “We all culd sense he was surrunded by happiness,” said his father, Simn Jhnsn. “T be perfectly hnest, the big day meant mre than we culd have ever”可知，奥利弗被幸福包围着，对于大家的支持，一句谢谢不足以涵盖发生的事情，不足以表达他们的感谢之情。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个充满爱的行为！A. energy能量；B. knwledge知识；C. ambitin雄心；D. lve爱。根据前文的“Nne f the truckers accepted a cent fr their time r expenses.”可知，没有一个卡车司机因为时间或费用而收取一分钱，所以这是一个充满爱的行为。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分;满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Black tea is a ppular beverage enjyed by peple all ver the wrld. It is made frm the ___36___ (leaf) f the camellia sinensis plant (山茶植物), ___37___ underg a prcess f xidatin (氧化) t give it its distinct flavr and. clr. Originating in China, black tea has a rich histry that ___38___ (date) back thusands f years. It was first discvered during the Tang Dynasty and quickly gained ___39___ (ppular) amng the Chinese elite. Eventually, it made its way t Eurpe and became a staple in British tea culture.
Black tea is knwn fr its rbust flavr and deep, reddish-brwn clr. It has a strng, malty taste with hints f caramel and a ___40___ (slight) sweet aftertaste. The flavr can vary ___41___ (depend) n the regin and the specific type f black tea, such as Assam, Darjeeling, r Earl Grey. Besides its delicius taste, black tea als ffers numerus health benefits. It is rich in antixidants, which help prtect the bdy ___42___ free radicals (自由基) and reduce the risk f chrnic diseases. Als, black tea ___43___ (believe) t imprve heart health, bst metablism, and enhance mental alertness.
In cnclusin, black tea’s rich histry, distinct flavr, and numerus health benefits make ___44___ a ppular chice fr tea enthusiasts. S, why nt sit back, relax, and try ___45___ cup f black tea?
【答案】36. leaves
37. which 38. dates
39. ppularity
40. slightly
41. depending
42. frm##against
43. is believed 44. it 45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了红茶的悠久历史，其独特的风味和众多的健康益处使它成为茶爱好者的流行选择。
【36题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：它是由茶树的叶子制成的，经过氧化过程，使其具有独特的味道和颜色。leaf意为“叶子”，是可数名词，结合句意可知，叶子不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作frm的宾语。故填leaves.
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它是由茶树的叶子制成的，经过氧化过程，使其具有独特的味道和颜色。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是camellia sinensis plant，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：红茶起源于中国，有着可以追溯到几千年前的丰富历史。date back t意为“追溯到”，是固定短语。此处that引导的定语从句，先行词是histry，关系词that代替先行词在从句中作主语，从句描述的是事实，故用一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：它最早发现于唐朝，很快就在中国精英中流行起来。ppular是形容词，此处需用其名词形式ppularity“流行”，作动词gain的宾语，ppularity是不可数名词。故填ppularity。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：它有一种强烈的马铃薯味，并有着轻微的焦糖和甜味。此处需用副词修饰形容词sweet，slight是形容词，slightly“轻微”，是副词。故填slightly。
41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它的味道可以根据地区和特定的红茶种类而有所不同。depend n“根据”，是动词短语，句子谓语是can vary，且无连词，故用非谓语，此处主语和动词depend之间是主动关系，需用现在分词。故填depending。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：它富含抗氧化剂，有助于保护身体免受自由基的伤害，降低患慢性疾病的风险。意为“保护……免受……”，是固定搭配，故填frm或against。
【43题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：此外，红茶被认为可以改善心脏健康，促进新陈代谢，增强精神警觉。句子描述的是事实，故用一般现在时，此处主语black tea和believe“相信”之间是被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is believed。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：红茶的悠久历史、独特的风味和众多的健康益处使它成为茶爱好者的流行选择。tea为不可数名词，此处需用it指代前文中的 black tea，作make的宾语。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：那么，为什么不坐下来，放松一下，喝一杯红茶呢？此处泛指“一杯红茶”，且cup以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。a cup f意为“一杯”。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15)
46. 假定你是李华，最近你校要举办主题为“The Elegance f Traditinal ChineseCulture”的校园文化节。请你写一封信，邀请对此感兴趣的美国外教David来参加。内容包括：
1. 举办的时间和地点；
2. 活动的内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Warm regards,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
Knwing yur keen interest in traditinal Chinese culture, I am delighted t extend an invitatin t yu fr ur upcming campus cultural festival.
Themed “The Elegance f Traditinal Chinese Culture”, the event is scheduled fr Nvember 2nd and will be held at the schl Lecture Hall. It features an impressive prgram, including engaging exhibitins f Chinese calligraphy, painting and interactive wrkshps that will allw ur students t deeply immerse themselves in the rich heritage f traditinal Chinese culture. We believe yur presence wuld enrich the event.
Please let us knw yur availability. We will ensure yur visit is bth enjyable and enlightening.
Warm regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国外教David写一封信，邀请他参加学校要举办的校园文化节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→happy/pleased
举行：be held→take place
有趣的：engaging→interesting
确保：ensure→guarantee
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Themed “The Elegance f Traditinal Chinese Culture”, the event is scheduled fr Nvember 2nd and will be held at the schl Lecture Hall.
拓展句：The event which is themed “The Elegance f Traditinal Chinese Culture”, is scheduled fr Nvember 2nd and will be held at the schl Lecture Hall.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It features an impressive prgram, including engaging exhibitins f Chinese calligraphy, painting and interactive wrkshps that will allw ur students t deeply immerse themselves in the rich heritage f traditinal Chinese culture.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】We will ensure yur visit is bth enjyable and enlightening.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Shveling the snw had always been the best part abut winter. Nt that I thught it was fun, but my dad’s reactin t a clean driveway kept me ging. He hated shveling snw mre than anything. S, I tk it upn myself at eight years ld t d it fr him. Every time I saw snw fall frm the sky, I knew the universe was ready t put me t wrk.
I wuld run and put n my jacket, snw bts t prepare myself fr the wrk ahead. But every single time, befre I went utside, I wuld stp by my lder sister’s rm t see if she wanted t help me. I knew she wuld say n, but I always asked anyway.
One day there was a lt f snw, and there was n way I wuld be able t clean it all up myself. It was getting dark, and I hated the thught f my dad having t shvel the snw after a lng day f wrk. S I did the rutine and kncked n my sister’s dr. As I expected, she gave me the same ld “n”. Annyed, I asked again. Withut saying anything further, she gt up, pushed me ut f the rm and slammed (平地关上) the dr in my face.
I std there silently fr a secnd. Then, I turned arund, went ut f the huse, and set ut in the cld t tackle the enemy that lay in my driveway. But I culdn’t calm dwn. I was really angry that she wuld leave me t battle this alne. All I wanted was sme help. The mre I remembered every “n” she had ever said t me, the angrier I became.
I fught tirelessly, my shrt arms swinging frm side t side while the wind cut against my cheeks. After ne lng hur, I was nt even halfway dne. Lking at the victrius snw, I thught f Dad’s disappintment.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Feeling bitter and desperate, I culdn’t stp my tears.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My sister and I went utside.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Feeling bitter and desperate, I culdn’t stp my tears. My inner anger was like a grwing mnster, uncntrllably driving me t the edge f madness. Befre I realized it, I was sbbing in my sister’s rm, with bullets f wrds firing thrugh my muth, expressing my lng-buried dissatisfactin twards her absence frm my snw shveling experiences. The huse seemed t be hlding its breath when I stpped my accusatin, still weeping. “Please dn’t cry. Every teardrp f yurs is a reminder f hw selfish I was. I’m srry. Wuld yu give me anther chance t g shveling with yu?”, said my sister with gentleness and sincerity in her vice.
My sister and I went ut. Mre than half f the driveway was still blanketed in white but I wasn’t alne in this battle any mre. Every shvel f snw was a witness t the energy and excitement in me. By the time we finished, my back was aching, muscles sre, and bdy exhausted. Hwever, deep inside me was a brther, wh was s vercme with happiness that he felt n tp f the wrld. That was the beauty f cmpaninship. And frm the bright smile blming n my sister’s face, I culd tell that she felt the same. Arm in arm, we walked inside as darkness fell, waiting fr father t cme hme.
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的爸爸不喜欢铲雪，于是作者自己担负起这项工作，每次下雪，他都会主动为爸爸铲雪，但是有一次下了很大的雪，他一个人不可能在爸爸下班之前完成，于是寻求姐姐的帮助，但是被拒绝了，作者不知疲倦地战斗着，却还没有完成一半，他感到很生气，也因为想到爸爸在工作了一天之后还要去铲雪感到失望。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我感到痛苦和绝望，无法停止我的眼泪。”可知，第一段可描写作者因为难过去姐姐房间哭泣，表达了自己对她不在自己铲雪经历中长期埋藏的不满的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“我姐姐和我出去了。”可知，第二段可描写姐弟俩携手铲雪的过程和作者内心的感受。
2.续写线索：感到生气——表达不满——姐姐道歉，请求再给一次机会——姐弟俩一起铲雪——感到兴奋和充满活力——完成时筋疲力尽——感到幸福
3.词汇激活：
行为类
表达：express/cnvey
再给一次机会：give anther chance/ffer her anther pprtunity
完成：finish/cmplete
情绪类
兴奋：excitement/delight
筋疲力尽的：exhausted/tired
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Befre I realized it, I was sbbing in my sister’s rm, with bullets f wrds firing thrugh my muth, expressing my lng-buried dissatisfactin twards her absence frm my snw shveling experiences.（befre引导时间状语从句，expressing为现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]
Hwever, deep inside me was a brther, wh was s vercme with happiness that he felt n tp f the wrld.（wh和that引导定语从句）
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