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Unit 12 Section A 知识点讲解与练习人教版英语七年级下册
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人教版初中英语七年级下册unit 12 Section A 知识点讲解与练习一 . last（1）last形容词 “最后的，最末的”或者“紧接前面的，刚过去的”。Today is the last day in the year.最后一天。I didn’t sleep well last night. 昨晚（2）last副词， “最后地”， I’m the last one.最后一个。（3）last 动词， “持续，继续，维持”等，The hot weather lasted a week.持续了一周。 “（在困境等中）坚持下去；超越（困境等）”She won't last long in that job.她那份工作干不了多久。Can you last (out) until I can get help?你能支撑到有人来帮我吗？二. camp （1）camp 动词， “扎营，搭帐篷”。go camping “去野营” We go camping every summer. We walked all day and camped by a river at night. “借住；借宿；暂住”I'm camping out at a friend's apartment at the moment.我目前暂时寄宿在朋友的住处。（2）camp 名词， “露营地，度假营”。summer camp夏令营，winter camp冬令营 Let’s go back to the camp, it’s getting dark. 让我们回营地吧，天黑下来了。 三. sheep sheep 可数名词， “绵羊”，复数还是sheep； goat指山羊。 How many sheep are there on your farm? 你们农场里有多少只羊？ 拓展：常见的单复数同形的名词还有： deer (鹿)， fish （鱼）， Chinese (中国人)， Japanese（日本人）等。四．as“作为，当做”Can I say something to you as a friend?我能以朋友的身份说点忠告吗？“as+名词”用在句首时，后面往往用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。As a student, you should study hard. 作为一名学生，你应当努力学习。 “work as + 职业” 意为“做某工作”。 Eric works as a music teacher in the club. 埃里克在那家俱乐部里做音乐老师的工作。 比较：as 实际上是... like实际上不是...He talks to me as a teacher. 他以老师的身份跟我谈话。He talks to me like my teacher. 他像我的老师那样跟我谈话。补充：1.as 连词，按照，如...一样,引导比较或方式状语从句。 All the six students do as the teacher says. 所有这六个学生都按照老师说的做。 My bag is as big as yours.我的书包和你的一样大。（as+形容词/副词+as：和……一样。 He got up as early as I他和我一样起床早。）2.表示“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。We sing as we go home.我们边回家边唱歌。3.“因为，由于”，引导原因状语从句。We all believe his as he is an honest boy.我们都相信他，因为他是一个诚实的男孩。I can’t go with you as I have too much homework to do today.五．natural作形容词，1.“自然的；天然的”。The city has a good natural environment. 这座城市有良好的自然环境。2.正常的；自然的；意料之中的It is natural for you to say thanks to him. 你自然要向他道谢。3.天生的；本能的；与生俱来的 It's only natural to worry about your children.为孩子操心是很自然的。4.天赋的；天生具有某种能力的She is a natural singer. 她是个天生的歌手。5.不拘束的；不做作的；自然的It's difficult to look natural when you're feeling nervous.当你紧张的时候，就很难显得轻松自然。 [拓展] nature (un.) 1.“大自然；自然界”。其前一般不加冠词，in (the)nature “在大自然中”We love nature. We often go camping. 我们热爱大自然。我们经常去野营。There are many kinds of animals in the nature. 大自然中有许多种动物。2. 天性；本性；性格 It's not in his nature to be unkind.他天生不会刻薄。六. How interesting!（1）what引导的感叹句： 1）What a(an)＋形容词＋C单数形式＋主语＋谓语！ What a clever boy he is！ 2）What＋形容词＋C复数形式＋主语＋谓语！ What interesting books the children are reading! 孩子们读的书多么有趣啊！ 3）What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ What cold weather it is！ 多冷的天！（2）how引导的感叹句： 1）How＋形容词或副词＋主语＋谓语！ How lovely the baby is！ 这孩子真可爱！（lovely为形容词）How fast he runs! 他跑地多快啊！（fast为副词）2） How＋形容词＋a(an)＋可数名词的单数形式＋主语＋谓语！ How heavy a box they are carrying! 他们抬的箱子多重啊！ 3）How＋主语＋谓语！ How time flies! 时间过得多快！七．study for为……而学习， We study for our motherland.我们为祖国而学习1.study for the/a test为考试而学习，study for the English test为英语考试而学习。 补充： test 小考、测验 多用于指规模小的考试 exam 指正式的、规模较大的考试 quiz 测验 指无需事先准备、随时进行的检测2.work for为……效力，为……而工作。My uncle works for the government.我叔叔在为政府工作。八. living habits生活习惯1.living此处为动词live（活，居住，过着）的动名词形式，表示用途，living habits生活习惯，a living room起居室/会客室/客厅【拓展记忆】1）living作形容词，“活着的”，all living things所有的生物。Is the fish still living?鱼还活着吗？2）living作名词，意为“生计，生存之道”，make a living谋生。He made a living by writing.他靠写作谋生。 九.tired形容词，“疲倦的；疲劳的；累的”；be tired of意为“对……厌烦”。He looks tired today.他今天看起来很疲惫。They are very tired of him.他们对他厌烦透了。She was tired of watching TV.她看电视看得厌倦了。【拓展】tiring 令人困倦的；使人疲劳的；累人的 It is very tiring work. 这是很累人的工作.十．stay up “熬夜；深夜不眠” 。 不要熬夜 Don’t stay up late. It’s bad for your health. stay up late to do sth. 熬夜做某事 咱们别睡觉，迎接新年的到来吧。 Let’s stay up to see the New Year. stay up doing sth.=stay up and do sth.(doing sth.作状语，表伴随情况)熬夜做某事（已经做了，但没做完，要熬夜继续做）。stay up to do sth.=stay up in order to do sth.（to do sth.表示目的）熬夜做某事（没做，要熬夜去做）。She stayed up reading until midnight.她看书看到半夜才睡。十一.stay （1）stay 不及物动词，意为“停留，逗留”，后常接介词短语表示停留的地点。 It’s raining outside, so we have to stay at home. 外面正在下雨，因此我们不得不呆在家里。Stay there and don't move!待在那儿别动！We ended up staying for lunch.我们最终还是留了下来吃午饭。My hat won't stay on! 我的帽子怎么都戴不住！I stayed three nights at my cousin's house.我在我表兄家住了三夜。（暂住；） （2）stay 可以做连系动词，意为“维持，保持”，其后常接形容词作表语。 The weather will stay fine for several days. 天气将持续几天晴朗。 He never stays angry for long. 他生气时间从来不会长。（3）stay 可以作名词，意为“停留、逗留”。 During my stay in Beijing, I had a good time. 我在北京逗留期间玩的很高兴。十二．.A family of mice were in the kitchen on Saturday morning when they saw a big cat.星期六早上老鼠一家正在厨房里，这时他们看到一只大猫。①此处when用作并列连词，连接两个并列句，引导并列分句，意为“这时……突然……，就在那时”， 强调另一个动作的突然发生。We were doing our homework when the light went out.我们正在做家庭作业，就在那时灯熄灭了。十三． mouse “老鼠”，复数 “mice”。 a family of mice一窝老鼠。例如：There is a mouse in the house.房屋里有一只小老鼠。They saw two mice.十四.The cat quickly ran away. 那只猫飞快地逃跑了。run away意为“逃跑；跑开”，其中run意为“跑”，过去式是ran，属于不规则变化。The thief tried to run away, but he failed. 那个小偷试图逃跑，但失败了。I ran away from home when I was sixteen. 我16岁的时候离家出走了。十五. language “语言”，1.作为语言的总称不可数2.作为某国语言，可数名词。 a second language意为“一门外语”。English is a useful language.It is often used as a second language.英语是一门有用的语言。它经常被用作第二语言。English, Chinese and French are three different languages. 十六. shout at 大声喊叫；后面要跟人或事物 Don’t _______the children.不要朝孩子们大声喊叫。 shout at sb. 多指因为生气等而非善意地对某人吼叫，shout to sb.冲某人大声喊叫。多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊。 He was so angry that he shouted _____ everyone. 类似用法比较（尤其注意其中at与to的区别）：The dog came at the boy. 狗向小男孩扑来。(意即咬人) The dog came to the boy. 狗向小男孩走过来。(无咬人之意) All of them ran at me. 他们都向我扑来。(意即攻击我) All of them ran to me. 他们都向我跑过来。(无攻击之意) 十七away 的用法：1.（时间或空间上）离开（某距离），在（某距离）处The beach is a mile away. 海滩在一英里外。The station is a few minutes' walk away. 车站离这里有步行几分钟的路。Christmas is still months away. 离圣诞节还有几个月。2. 去别处；朝另一个方向Go away!走开！ Put your toys away.把你的玩具收拾起来。3.不在；离开She was away from work for a week.她有一个星期没来上班。There were ten children away yesterday. 昨天有十个孩子缺席。4.直到完全消失 The water boiled away. 水烧干了。常用短语有：far away (远离),go away (走开), run away (跑开，逃跑), right away (立刻，马上), away from (距„多远)。
人教版初中英语七年级下册unit 12 Section A 知识点讲解与练习一 . last（1）last形容词 “最后的，最末的”或者“紧接前面的，刚过去的”。Today is the last day in the year.最后一天。I didn’t sleep well last night. 昨晚（2）last副词， “最后地”， I’m the last one.最后一个。（3）last 动词， “持续，继续，维持”等，The hot weather lasted a week.持续了一周。 “（在困境等中）坚持下去；超越（困境等）”She won't last long in that job.她那份工作干不了多久。Can you last (out) until I can get help?你能支撑到有人来帮我吗？二. camp （1）camp 动词， “扎营，搭帐篷”。go camping “去野营” We go camping every summer. We walked all day and camped by a river at night. “借住；借宿；暂住”I'm camping out at a friend's apartment at the moment.我目前暂时寄宿在朋友的住处。（2）camp 名词， “露营地，度假营”。summer camp夏令营，winter camp冬令营 Let’s go back to the camp, it’s getting dark. 让我们回营地吧，天黑下来了。 三. sheep sheep 可数名词， “绵羊”，复数还是sheep； goat指山羊。 How many sheep are there on your farm? 你们农场里有多少只羊？ 拓展：常见的单复数同形的名词还有： deer (鹿)， fish （鱼）， Chinese (中国人)， Japanese（日本人）等。四．as“作为，当做”Can I say something to you as a friend?我能以朋友的身份说点忠告吗？“as+名词”用在句首时，后面往往用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。As a student, you should study hard. 作为一名学生，你应当努力学习。 “work as + 职业” 意为“做某工作”。 Eric works as a music teacher in the club. 埃里克在那家俱乐部里做音乐老师的工作。 比较：as 实际上是... like实际上不是...He talks to me as a teacher. 他以老师的身份跟我谈话。He talks to me like my teacher. 他像我的老师那样跟我谈话。补充：1.as 连词，按照，如...一样,引导比较或方式状语从句。 All the six students do as the teacher says. 所有这六个学生都按照老师说的做。 My bag is as big as yours.我的书包和你的一样大。（as+形容词/副词+as：和……一样。 He got up as early as I他和我一样起床早。）2.表示“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。We sing as we go home.我们边回家边唱歌。3.“因为，由于”，引导原因状语从句。We all believe his as he is an honest boy.我们都相信他，因为他是一个诚实的男孩。I can’t go with you as I have too much homework to do today.五．natural作形容词，1.“自然的；天然的”。The city has a good natural environment. 这座城市有良好的自然环境。2.正常的；自然的；意料之中的It is natural for you to say thanks to him. 你自然要向他道谢。3.天生的；本能的；与生俱来的 It's only natural to worry about your children.为孩子操心是很自然的。4.天赋的；天生具有某种能力的She is a natural singer. 她是个天生的歌手。5.不拘束的；不做作的；自然的It's difficult to look natural when you're feeling nervous.当你紧张的时候，就很难显得轻松自然。 [拓展] nature (un.) 1.“大自然；自然界”。其前一般不加冠词，in (the)nature “在大自然中”We love nature. We often go camping. 我们热爱大自然。我们经常去野营。There are many kinds of animals in the nature. 大自然中有许多种动物。2. 天性；本性；性格 It's not in his nature to be unkind.他天生不会刻薄。六. How interesting!（1）what引导的感叹句： 1）What a(an)＋形容词＋C单数形式＋主语＋谓语！ What a clever boy he is！ 2）What＋形容词＋C复数形式＋主语＋谓语！ What interesting books the children are reading! 孩子们读的书多么有趣啊！ 3）What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ What cold weather it is！ 多冷的天！（2）how引导的感叹句： 1）How＋形容词或副词＋主语＋谓语！ How lovely the baby is！ 这孩子真可爱！（lovely为形容词）How fast he runs! 他跑地多快啊！（fast为副词）2） How＋形容词＋a(an)＋可数名词的单数形式＋主语＋谓语！ How heavy a box they are carrying! 他们抬的箱子多重啊！ 3）How＋主语＋谓语！ How time flies! 时间过得多快！七．study for为……而学习， We study for our motherland.我们为祖国而学习1.study for the/a test为考试而学习，study for the English test为英语考试而学习。 补充： test 小考、测验 多用于指规模小的考试 exam 指正式的、规模较大的考试 quiz 测验 指无需事先准备、随时进行的检测2.work for为……效力，为……而工作。My uncle works for the government.我叔叔在为政府工作。八. living habits生活习惯1.living此处为动词live（活，居住，过着）的动名词形式，表示用途，living habits生活习惯，a living room起居室/会客室/客厅【拓展记忆】1）living作形容词，“活着的”，all living things所有的生物。Is the fish still living?鱼还活着吗？2）living作名词，意为“生计，生存之道”，make a living谋生。He made a living by writing.他靠写作谋生。 九.tired形容词，“疲倦的；疲劳的；累的”；be tired of意为“对……厌烦”。He looks tired today.他今天看起来很疲惫。They are very tired of him.他们对他厌烦透了。She was tired of watching TV.她看电视看得厌倦了。【拓展】tiring 令人困倦的；使人疲劳的；累人的 It is very tiring work. 这是很累人的工作.十．stay up “熬夜；深夜不眠” 。 不要熬夜 Don’t stay up late. It’s bad for your health. stay up late to do sth. 熬夜做某事 咱们别睡觉，迎接新年的到来吧。 Let’s stay up to see the New Year. stay up doing sth.=stay up and do sth.(doing sth.作状语，表伴随情况)熬夜做某事（已经做了，但没做完，要熬夜继续做）。stay up to do sth.=stay up in order to do sth.（to do sth.表示目的）熬夜做某事（没做，要熬夜去做）。She stayed up reading until midnight.她看书看到半夜才睡。十一.stay （1）stay 不及物动词，意为“停留，逗留”，后常接介词短语表示停留的地点。 It’s raining outside, so we have to stay at home. 外面正在下雨，因此我们不得不呆在家里。Stay there and don't move!待在那儿别动！We ended up staying for lunch.我们最终还是留了下来吃午饭。My hat won't stay on! 我的帽子怎么都戴不住！I stayed three nights at my cousin's house.我在我表兄家住了三夜。（暂住；） （2）stay 可以做连系动词，意为“维持，保持”，其后常接形容词作表语。 The weather will stay fine for several days. 天气将持续几天晴朗。 He never stays angry for long. 他生气时间从来不会长。（3）stay 可以作名词，意为“停留、逗留”。 During my stay in Beijing, I had a good time. 我在北京逗留期间玩的很高兴。十二．.A family of mice were in the kitchen on Saturday morning when they saw a big cat.星期六早上老鼠一家正在厨房里，这时他们看到一只大猫。①此处when用作并列连词，连接两个并列句，引导并列分句，意为“这时……突然……，就在那时”， 强调另一个动作的突然发生。We were doing our homework when the light went out.我们正在做家庭作业，就在那时灯熄灭了。十三． mouse “老鼠”，复数 “mice”。 a family of mice一窝老鼠。例如：There is a mouse in the house.房屋里有一只小老鼠。They saw two mice.十四.The cat quickly ran away. 那只猫飞快地逃跑了。run away意为“逃跑；跑开”，其中run意为“跑”，过去式是ran，属于不规则变化。The thief tried to run away, but he failed. 那个小偷试图逃跑，但失败了。I ran away from home when I was sixteen. 我16岁的时候离家出走了。十五. language “语言”，1.作为语言的总称不可数2.作为某国语言，可数名词。 a second language意为“一门外语”。English is a useful language.It is often used as a second language.英语是一门有用的语言。它经常被用作第二语言。English, Chinese and French are three different languages. 十六. shout at 大声喊叫；后面要跟人或事物 Don’t _______the children.不要朝孩子们大声喊叫。 shout at sb. 多指因为生气等而非善意地对某人吼叫，shout to sb.冲某人大声喊叫。多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊。 He was so angry that he shouted _____ everyone. 类似用法比较（尤其注意其中at与to的区别）：The dog came at the boy. 狗向小男孩扑来。(意即咬人) The dog came to the boy. 狗向小男孩走过来。(无咬人之意) All of them ran at me. 他们都向我扑来。(意即攻击我) All of them ran to me. 他们都向我跑过来。(无攻击之意) 十七away 的用法：1.（时间或空间上）离开（某距离），在（某距离）处The beach is a mile away. 海滩在一英里外。The station is a few minutes' walk away. 车站离这里有步行几分钟的路。Christmas is still months away. 离圣诞节还有几个月。2. 去别处；朝另一个方向Go away!走开！ Put your toys away.把你的玩具收拾起来。3.不在；离开She was away from work for a week.她有一个星期没来上班。There were ten children away yesterday. 昨天有十个孩子缺席。4.直到完全消失 The water boiled away. 水烧干了。常用短语有：far away (远离),go away (走开), run away (跑开，逃跑), right away (立刻，马上), away from (距„多远)。
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