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Unit 2 Natural Disasters 单元综合测试（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2022·海南·嘉积中学高一期末）Here is the latest news from BBC．News OneMore than 90 people are now known to have been killed by destructive tornadoes that swept through the Midwest of the United States on Friday. At least 80 were killed in Kentucky and 14 across five other states.A worker at a Kentucky candle factory told the BBC that many workers had been killed when they worked there. As Peter Bowes reports, what people should do is being discussed when they are warmed that a tornado is on the way. And the owner of that factory has, in fact, been talking about this. But clearly it wasn’t of any use for the people in that building.News Two The number of people killed by flash floods in the US state of Tennessee has risen to more than 20 on Tuesday. Now rescue workers are continuing to look for those who are still missing.Record rainfall of more than 40 centimeters in some areas caused widespread flooding. Buddy Frazier is the mayor (市长) of Waverly, one of the worst affected towns. “I’ve been around a long time, and I’ve been through a lot of events here, and this one really shocked me. “ He said.News ThreeHaiti’s civil protection service says around 1300 people are now known to have lost their lives in Saturday’s powerful earthquake which struck the southwest of the country.Hospitals in the area are fighting to cut down the number of the injured, which is almost doubled to around 6000 people. In the cities of Jeremies and Les Cayes, rescuers are trying to locate people still trapped under ruins.1．What is the first news mainly talking about?A．Tornadoes hit parts of the US.B．Tsunamis struck Kentucky, the US.C．Volcanic eruption happened in the US.D．Hurricanes caused great damage to the US.2．What made Waverly one of the worst affected towns that the mayor has ever seen?A．Destructive landslides. B．Terrible sandstorms.C．Flash floods D．Disastrous earthquakes3．How many people have been killed by the powerful earthquake in Haiti on Saturday so far?A．More than 6000. B．Around 1300. C．Around 6000. D．About 3000.B（2021·河南·虞城县高级中学高一期中）Shops were in ruins, houses flattened, and entire villages were destroyed in what’s being described as one of the worst flooding disasters to hit Western Europe in more than two centuries. More than 165 people have been killed, while dozens of others remain missing after a record rainfall caused dams（堤坝）to burst and rivers to overflow into towns and streets across western Germany, Belgium, as well as parts of the Netherlands, Switzerland and northern France.In Liège, Belgium’s third-largest city, water from the Meuse River overflowed Thursday evening into parts of the city center, so city officials had to call for the people to move out of the area or go to higher ground.“I’ve never seen anything like this in my 81 years,” said Pierre Fouillen, an old lady who came to her home Friday morning to check the damage. “This may be the worst flooding disaster our country has ever known. ”Dutch soldiers are sent to the southern city of Limburg as rivers are expected to burst their banks. After more than two months’ worth of rain in just 24 hours, officials are preparing for more rain Thursday, but dryer weather is expected by the weekend.In western Germany, the number of deaths rose to 143. Some of the worst damage has happened in the coutryside of Ahrweiler, where floodwater has cut off entire villages. In the town of Schuld, houses were destroyed, and dozens of people were missing. Transport has also been badly affected by the rain. Most railway services running through central and western Germany have been put off, resulting in traffic jam on the nation’s highways. Parts of southern and eastern Germany have also been hit by flooding.The flooding has made climate change a hot topic for Germany’s upcoming elections（选举）in the fall. Armin Laschet, the most promising candidate（候选人）from North Rhine-Westphalia, called an emergency meeting Friday, for whom the flooding will become a serious test of his leadership.4．Which city was affected by water from the Meuse River?A．Liège. B．Schuld.C．Ahrweiler. D．Limburg.5．How long has the heavy rain lasted in Limburg?A．For twenty four hours. B．For four days.C．For one week. D．For two months.6．Why were the highways crowded in central and western Germany?A．The highways were damaged. B．Too many flights were delayed.C．Most train services stopped. D．Villagers were moved to the highways.7．What is the last paragraph mainly about?A．The causes of the flood. B．The damages caused by the disaster.C．The seriousness of the flood. D．The political influence of the disaster.C（2022·河北秦皇岛·高一期末）Winter can usually kill most wildfires. But in the far North，some forest fires just don’t die. They are thought of as “zombie (僵尸) fires”.“Zombie fires” usually sleep underground in winter. Covered by snow, they smoke through the cold. Fueled by carbon-rich peat (泥炭) and soil in the North, most of these hidden fires spread slowly for less than 500 meters during the winter. When spring comes, the flames (火焰) of the fires appear near sites that they burned in winter, and they turn to burning fresh fuels around. This may happen well before the traditional fire season in the far North.“Zombie fires” had been known mostly from firefighters’ stories. Few scientists studied them until details in some satellite images attracted one research team. Rebecca Scholten, a member of the team, studies earth systems at Vrije University Amsterdam in the Netherlands. Her team noticed an unusual thing. “New fires have been starting very close to the former years’ fires in recent years，and we wonder how often the fires might survive the winter,” Scholten explains.These “zombie fires” are rarely seen before, according to a new study from Nature. But in recent years, they are becoming more common, the study warns. It is believed that the “zombie fires” are even on the road of being a threat. Forests in the far North are warming faster than the globe’s average (平均数). Scholten says, “We’re seeing more hot summers and more large fires and strong burning. That could set the stage for the fires to become a bigger problem,” she worries. And the region’s soils hold a lot of carbon—maybe twice as much as earth’s atmosphere. More fires here could give off huge amounts of greenhouse gases. That would drive a cycle of more warming and even higher risk of fires.8．What do we know about the “zombies fires” in the far North?A．They will completely die out in winter.B．Carbon-rich peat helps them burn slowly in winter.C．They often happen after the traditional fire season.D．Their flames can only appear in spring.9．What can we infer from Scholten’s words in paragraph 3?A．“Zombie fires” appear earlier than the years before.B．“Zombie fires” happen far from former years’ fires.C．“Zombie fires” happen more frequently than before.D．“Zombie fires” appear in different shapes every year.10．What was a cause of being a threat for the “zombie fires”?A．The global warming is slowing down.B．The hot summers are less and less seen.C．The area’s soils are short of carbon.D．More greenhouse gases are given off.11．What can be the best title for the text?A．Where Are “Zombie Fires” From?B．Are “Zombie Fires” Frightening?C．Pay Attention To “Zombie Fires”!D．“Zombie Fires” Are Caused By Humans!D（2022·江西·临川一中高一阶段练习）Check out our tsunami facts and learn some interesting information related to these great walls of water that can cause so much destruction. Find out what causes tsunamis and read about some notable recent examples of tsunamis that have occurred around the globe.Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. As a tsunami approaches the shore, water may move back from the coast. If it is shallow enough, the water may be pulled back hundreds of meters. If you are in the area, observing this is a good indication that a tsunami is on the way.Regions in tsunami danger zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time to evacuate as possible. When tsunamis hit shallow water (often near the coast), they slow down but increase in height.An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004 caused a tsunami that killed over 200,000 people in 14 countries. In March 2011, the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000 people. The tsunami waves created by the Tohoku earthquake reached heights of over 40 metres (131 feet) in mine areas, wiping out coastal towns and causing a number of nuclear accidents.The Japanese word “tsunami” literally means “harbour wave”. Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal waves but this term has fallen out of favour because tsunamis are not related to tides.12．Which of the following shows a tsunami is coming soon?A．The water near the shore is pulled back. B．The water marches towards the coast.C．An earthquake takes place. D．The water near the shore is very shallow.13．In the Tohoku earthquake, over 15,000 people died mainly because of ________.A．the earthquake itself B．the lack of warning systemsC．the tsunami caused by the earthquake D．the nuclear accidents caused by the tsunami14．What does the underlined word “evacuate” in Paragraph 3 mean?A．Leave. B．Watch. C．Explore. D．Communicate.15．What can we learn from the passage?A．There is no sign before the approach of a tsunami.B．More people died in Indonesia tsunami than in Tohoku tsunami.C．Some nuclear accidents happened after Indonesia tsunami.D．The term “tidal wave” is used more often than “tsunami.”第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）（2022·贵州毕节·高一期末）Earthquakes happen without warning (前兆). They can happen any time of a day, at any point during the year. But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt. ____16____ However, it’s important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening. ____17____ You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines (输电线). Stay under a desk, table, or other strong furniture. Hold on to it. Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing. ____18____Also keep away from a fire. ____19____If you are driving when an earthquake happens, stop the car if it’s safe. Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops, and don’t drive near bridges. Try not to stop by power lines or trees. ____20____A．Do not go outside.B．These could fall and hurt you.C．Only a few big ones hurt people.D．Every earthquake can cause disaster.E．You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire.F．Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.G．Most people get injured by falling things in an earthquake, not by the shaking itself.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（2022·河北·邢台市第二中学高一开学考试）Joel Boyers and his wife, Melody Among, were heading home in their helicopter (直升机）when he received a call for help from a stranger. The caller’s brother and her _____21_____ were trapped on their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater.The caller _____22_____ Joel Boyers to come to their aid. Boyers looked west towards Waverly at the storm clouds. Aware of the danger to _____23_____ in such bad weather, though, he _____24_____ put the brother’s address into his _____25_____. Soon, he and Among were in the air,_____26_____ for what they were about to see in Waverly. Upon arriving, he found the water below was _____27_____. People were holding on to anything that didn’t move—roofs, trees. The flooding also ______28______ cell phone service, meaning Boyers couldn’t use his phone to locate the _____29_____ he was looking for. He flew on anyway.As Boyers drove the helicopter, Among began ____30____ people on roofs and bridges—anywhere Boyers could _____31_____ and get them onboard. A rescued man pointed to a teenager. The teenager held onto a branch with one hand and the other held a dog she’d saved earlier while both were _____32_____ in the current (水流). With no place for Boyers to land, he _____33_____ the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water line. The rescued man jumped out and swam to the tree, where he helped the teen and the dog to the _____34_____.Though the experience was _____35_____, Boyers admitted it was fun.21．A．neighbour B．wife C．friend D．daughter22．A．ordered B．attracted C．begged D．challenged23．A．pack B．fly C．quit D．swim24．A．immediately B．secretly C．gradually D．creatively25．A．card B．pocket C．computer D．phone26．A．unprepared B．intended C．relieved D．recognized27．A．peaceful B．rapid C．familiar D．clean28．A．revised B．delivered C．damaged D．registered29．A．house B．tree C．car D．bridge30．A．debating with B．adapting to C．commenting on D．searching for31．A．land B．rise C．jump D．look32．A．training B．exploring C．experimenting D．struggling33．A．reserved B．lowered C．followed D．designed34．A．home B．school C．helicopter D．truck35．A．plain B．awkward C．adventurous D．formal第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）（2022·江苏南通·高一阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The awful night rolled slowly away, and the dawn greyly broke on THE LAST DAY OF POMPEII! The crowd looked upwards, and saw, with unspeakable fear, a huge cloud ___36___ (shoot) from the top of the volcano. It took the form of ___37___ huge tree: the trunk, blackness, the branches, fire! This fire moved and changed in colour with every moment: now it was wildly bright, now of a pale and dying red, and now again it burnt with an ___38___ (bear) light! The cries of women broke out; the man looked at each other, silent. At that moment, they felt the earth shaking ___39___ their feet; beyond in the distance, they heard the crash of falling ___40___ (roof). A moment later, the mountain—cloud seemed to roll towards them, dark and rapid, like a river; at the same time, it threw out a shower of ashes and huge pieces of ___41___   (burn) stone! Over the empty streets—over the forum—far and wide—with many a noise crash in the stormy sea— ___42___ (fall) that awful shower! Each turned ___43___ (fly)—each running, pressing, pushing against the other. If, in the darkness, wife ___44___ (separate) from husband, or parent from child, there was no hope of their meeting again. Each hurried blindly and ___45___ (fear) on. So came the earthquake. . . and so ended life in Pompeii.第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．（2022·江苏·泗阳县实验高级中学高一阶段练习）假定你是李华，得知你的美国网友Bill的家乡发生山火，房屋被烧毁，他现在住在临时避难所。请你写一封邮件慰问他，内容要点如下：1.询问受灾情况，表示关心；2.鼓励他振作起来，重建家园。注意：1. 词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：山火 mountain fireDear Bill,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua第二节（满分25分）47．（2021·福建省南安市柳城中学高一期中）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。A little girl whose parents had died lived with her grandmother and slept in an upstairs bedroom. One night there was a fire in the house and the grandmother died while trying to rescue the child. The fire spread quickly, and the situation was terrible. Neighbours called the fire department, then stood helplessly by, unable to enter the house because flames blocked all the entrances. The little girl appeared at an upstairs window, crying for help, just as word spread among the crowd that the fire- fighters would be delayed a few minutes because they were all at another fire. Suddenly, a man appeared with a ladder, put it up against the side of the house and disappeared inside. When he reappeared, he had the little girl in his arms. He delivered the child to the waiting arms below, then disappeared into the night. An investigation revealed that the child had no living relatives, and weeks later a meeting was held in the town hall to determine who would take the child into their home and bring her up. A teacher said she would like to raise the child. She pointed out that she could ensure her a good education. A farmer offered her an upbringing (教养) on his farm. He pointed out that living on a farm was healthy and satisfying. Others spoke, giving their reasons why it was to the child's advantage to live with them. Finally, the town's richest resident rose and said, “I can give this child all the advantages that you have mentioned here, plus money and everything that money can buy.”Throughout all this, the child remained silent, her eyes on the floor. “Does anyone else want to speak?” asked the meeting chairman. A man came forward from the back of the hall. He walked slowly and appeared to be in pain. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式作答。When he got to the front of the hall, he stood directly in front of the little girl and held out his arms. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________When asked her choice, the girl gave people the reasons firmly. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________