中考英语二轮复习之小题必刷+大题突破大题突破02 阅读理解（记叙文、说明文）（含解析）

这是一份中考英语二轮复习之小题必刷+大题突破大题突破02 阅读理解（记叙文、说明文）（含解析），共50页。


【大题突破】
一、阅读单选（记叙文）
(一)（2022·北京·统考中考真题）
I jined a band （乐队）as a drummer in my middle schl. I thught it wuld be fun playing the drum and meeting new friends. At first it was easy, but a mnth later, it gt difficult. I was the nly ne wh culdn’t keep pace （节奏）with the ther players.
Our teacher, Angie, singled me ut t keep practicing while everyne else gt t relax. I felt ashamed （羞愧的）as my teammates watched me fail s many times. Finally I gt s tired f practicing that I didn’t care abut ding it right.
“Are yu giving up n me. Steve?” Angie asked.
“Yes, I am,” I shuted. Angie sent me inside the music rm where I cried ut. Then she came in and said. “Dn’t be sad. I believe yu can make it!” She tld me never t give up. She left me alne and I realized Angie was right—by giving up, I was als giving up n the team and myself.
With her cmfrt, I decided t g n practicing. Hwever, I still culdn’t play well. Knwing my difficulties, my teammates gave me a hand. They spent abut three mre hurs practicing with me every week. Thanks t their supprt and help, I began t keep pace with them. Later, we perfrmed wnderfully in an imprtant shw.
In the whle prcess, I was taught that althugh we each had ur wn jb t d in a shw, it wuld take all f us wrking tgether t make the shw great. I felt accepted and made great prgress. I lve everyne in the band. I can’t imagine what my schl life wuld be like withut them.
1．One mnth after he jined the band, Steve felt playing the drum was _________.
A．funnyB．helpfulC．nisyD．difficult
2．With Angie’s cmfrt, Steve decided t _________.
A．have a gd restB．g n practicing
C．give thers a handD．start anther band
3．Frm his experience, Steve learned abut ________.
A．the value f teamwrkB．the effect f shws
C．the imprtance f hbbiesD．the pwer f music
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．A
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲作者在学习敲鼓的过程中遇到困难，差点放弃，在老师和团队成员的鼓励下他坚持下来了。
【详解】
1．细节理解题。根据“but a mnth later, it gt difficult.”可知一个月后Steve觉得敲鼓是困难的。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“With her cmfrt, I decided t g n practicing.”可知在老师的鼓励下，他决定继续练习。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“I was taught that althugh we each had ur wn jb t d in a shw, it wuld take all f us wrking tgether t make the shw great.”可知Steve学会了团队合作的价值。故选A。
(二)（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）
Pverty(贫困) is a big prblem arund the wrld. But China has dne a gd jb f dealing with it and it has fund its wn way t fight pverty. Instead f just giving mney t pr peple, it has tried t educate peple and give them the tls they need t lift themselves ut f pverty. Ordinary(普通的) peple play a big rle in the fight. Here are tw f them.
Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) educatin since she traveled t Yunnan at the age f 17. As a teacher, Zhang was heartbrken when she saw her students quit schl after finishing senir high schl. They culdn’t g t cllege because their families culdn’t affrd it. S in 2008, Zhang started a free schl fr pr girls. Since then, Zhang has been busy asking fr dnatins t prvide mney fr the schl. She has cnvinced parents t send their daughters back t schl. The schl has sent mre than 1,800 students t universities and clleges.
When Ma Xianglin started t wrk as the Party secretary f his village, there was nly ne pathway ut f the village fr many years. He led mre than 100 villagers t build a rad with their hands. It tk them seven years t build an eight-kilmeter rad. Ma then encuraged the villagers t grw ranges. Last year, their range yield(产量) was nearly 40 tns. Yung peple have returned t the village t sell ranges nline. By the end f 2019, 269 villagers had been lifted ut f pverty. The per capital incme(人均收入) reached 12,670 yuan, 40 times mre than in the 1990s.
Over the last eight years, 98.99 millin rural peple have been lifted ut f pverty. The 832 cunties (县) and 128,000 villages which these peple live in are n lnger in pverty. China has been respnsible fr reducing 70 percent f pverty wrld-wide since the late 1970s.
4．What des the underlined wrd “cnvinced” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．说服B．允许C．解释D．提醒
5．What d yu knw abut Ma Xianglin accrding t the text?
A．He wrks as a teacher in the village.B．He encuraged the villagers t sell ranges.
C．He did tw things t help the villagers.D．He led villagers t build a rad with sme tls.
6．What’s the right structure(结构) f the text?（①=Paragraph 1)
A．B．C．D．
7．What is the purpse f using the numbers in the last paragraph?
A．T praise the spirit f mdel wrkers.
B．T shw great achievements against pverty.
C．T spread the ways f fighting against pverty.
D．T describe the experiences f lighting against pverty.
8．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the text?
A．The teacher helped the pr areas ut f pverty by giving materials.
B．The per capital incme in the village was mre than￥500 in the 1990s.
C．The yung peple wh stayed in the village grew ranges in the past.
D．Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue educatin fr ver 40 years.
【答案】
4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．D
【导语】
本文介绍了中国在脱贫攻坚战中取得了胜利，文中具体描述了两个典型事例：张桂梅为贫困女生开办免费学校；毛相林带领100多名村民用手修路致富。
【详解】
4．词义猜测题。根据“They culdn’t g t cllege because their families culdn’t affrd it. S in 2008, Zhang started a free schl fr pr girls.”及“She has cnvinced parents t send their daughters back t schl”可知，这些家庭无法负担女孩们去上学，所以创办了免费的学校之后，张桂梅说服这些女孩的家长送她们返回学校，所以划线单词表示“说服”，故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据“He led mre than 100 villagers t build a rad with their hands…Ma then encuraged the villagers t grw ranges”可知，毛相林为村民们做了两件事，一件是带领村民修路，另一件是鼓励村民们种橘子，故选C。
6．篇章结构题。根据整个文章的理解可知，第一段主要是总体指出中国在脱贫攻坚方面取得的成就；第二、三段分别举例张桂梅和毛相林的事例；第四段再次总结脱贫方面取得的成绩，故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据“Over the last eight years, 98.99 millin rural peple have been lifted ut f pverty…China has been respnsible fr reducing 70 percent f pverty wrld-wide since the late 1970s”可知，使用列数字的方式是为了说明中国在脱贫道路上取得的成绩，故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据“Zhang Guimei has been helping girls pursue(追求) educatin since she traveled t Yunnan at the age f 17”可知，她从17岁开始就帮助女孩们接受教育，结合常识可知张桂梅64岁，所以说她帮助女孩们接受教育已经40多年了，故选D。
(三)（2022·青海·统考中考真题）
Zhu Jiangta passed away at nly 17 years ld. He gt bne cancer when he was 13. Fur days befre his death, he asked t dnate his rgans (器官). “I knw the pain f suffering frm disease and the helplessness f having n cure ... I’ve seen s much sadness and regret and want t ffer help.” On the day he “left”, tw patients wh had been waiting fr crnea transplants (角膜移植) were tld they wuld get dnatins.
It has been 12 years since China started natinal test prgram fr human rgan dnatin. Accrding t the China Organ Dnatin Administrative Center, abut 300,000 peple acrss China are waiting fr rgan transplants, but nly 20,000 receive transplants each year.
In recent years, rgan dnatin and transplantatin have gtten mre public supprt in China. “As f April 2 this year, mre than 4.62 millin peple had signed up (登记) fr rgan dnatin,” said the center. As many as 75 peple can get help frm a single dnr.
In China, there are sme traditinal thughts abut the bdies f dead peple. Fr example, many believe the bdy is a gift frm ne’s parents. S, ________. But many thers dn’t think s. They think dnating rgans is a way t help thers, which makes life mre valuable than neself.
Mre facts ●Rare rgan: heart (must be frm a dnr under age 45)
●Hw t keep rgans: using ice and a cler
●Hw lng can an rgan survive utside the bdy?
Heart: 4—6 hurs
Lung (肺): 4—6 hurs
Liver (肝): 12—15 hurs
Kidney (肾): 36—48 hurs
Skin (皮肤): up t five years.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
9．Hw lng has Zhu Jiangta been suffering frm bne cancer?
A．Fr abut 4 years.B．Fr abut 13 years.
C．Fr abut 17 years.D．Fr abut 12 years.
10．In Paragraph 3, the underlined wrd “dnr” means __________.
A．接受者B．监护人C．组织者D．捐献者
11．Accrding t the passage, a 48-year-ld man can dnate the fllwing rgans, EXCEPT ________.
A．lungB．heartC．liverD．skin
12．Chse the best sentence t put in ________ in Paragraph 4.
A．they think dead bdies must be kept cmplete
B．they are willing t dnate their rgans
C．they are pleased t dnate their rgans
D．they are encuraged t dnate their rgans
13．Which rgan can survive fr the lngest time utside the bdy?
A．Heart.B．Kidney.C．Skin.D．Liver.
【答案】
9．A 10．D 11．B 12．A 13．C
【导语】
本文从周江涛去世后捐献器官来引出关于器官捐赠的情况，并详细地介绍了各种器官捐献的要求。
【详解】
9．细节理解题。根据“Zhu Jiangta passed away at nly 17 years ld. He gt bne cancer when he was 13”可知，13岁时得了骨癌，17岁去世，患骨癌四年，故选A。
10．词义猜测题。根据“As f April 2 this year, mre than 4.62 millin peple had signed up (登记) fr rgan dnatin”可知，此处介绍了捐赠者的人数，结合“As many as 75 peple can get help frm a single dnr”可知，此处介绍从捐赠者中得到帮助的概率，所以划线单词表示“捐赠者”，故选D。
11．细节理解题。根据“Rare rgan: heart (must be frm a dnr under age 45)”可知，45岁以下的人可以捐赠心脏，所以48岁的人不可以捐赠心脏，故选B。
12．推理判断题。根据“Fr example, many believe the bdy is a gift frm ne’s parents”可知，许多人认为身体是来自父母的礼物，所以认为人去世之后要有一个完整的身体，故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据“Hw lng can an rgan survive utside the bdy”对应的内容“Skin (皮肤): up t five years.”可知，皮肤保存的时间最久，可以最多到5年，故选C。
(四)（2022·宁夏·统考中考真题）
My aunt Nancy is a truck driver. When she left schl, she didn’t knw what she wanted t d, s she went t wrk in a supermarket. One day, she was talking t ne f the truck drivers at the supermarket, and she gt the idea t drive a truck herself. She went hme and tld her parents (my grandparents), and they thught it was a gd idea.
Nancy’s jurneys are different every day, and she ges t every part f the cuntry. She enjys the driving, but she says that ne day, she wuld like t get a jb with a different cmpany（公司）s that she can drive t mre places.
Nancy says she likes being ut n the rad, seeing new twns all the time, but the best thing abut driving trucks fr her is talking t everyne she sees during her wrking day. She als says the trucks are cmfrtable, s she desn’t mind sleeping in them. Fr her, they are her hme n wheels!
I asked my grandparents what they thught abut Nancy’s jb. They are happy that Nancy is happy, s they dn’t want her t change jbs. But they wrry abut her because it’s smetimes a dangerus jb and she spends a lt f time away frm hme.
14．Where did Nancy get the idea t be a truck driver?
A．At schl.B．At the supermarket.
C．In her truck.D．On the rad.
15．What des Paragraph 2 tell us abut Nancy’s jb?
A．She drives all arund the wrld.
B．She ften drives t the same places.
C．She wuld like t be a taxi driver.
D．She hpes t wrk fr a different cmpany in the future.
16．What des Nancy like best abut her jb?
A．Talking with different peple.B．Travelling t different places.
C．Sleeping in the trucks.D．Tasting delicius fd.
17．What d Nancy’s parents think abut her jb?
A．They dn’t like her jb at all. B．They are glad that it’s a perfect jb.
C．They believe the jb has sme prblems. D．They wuld like Nancy t d a different jb.
【答案】
14．B 15．D 16．A 17．C
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了我的姑姑Nancy作为一名卡车司机的故事，包括Nancy如何产生开卡车的想法以及Nancy与她的家人对这份工作的态度。
【详解】
14．细节理解题。根据“One day, she was talking t ne f the truck drivers at the supermarket, and she gt the idea t drive a truck herself.”可知Nancy在超市和一个卡车司机聊天，然后产生了开卡车的想法。故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知Nancy的旅程每天都不一样，她去了全国的每一个地方。她喜欢开车并且她想去一家不同的公司，以便能去更多的地方。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“but the best thing abut driving trucks fr her is talking t everyne she sees during her wrking day.”可知，对她来说开卡车最棒的就是能和工作期间见到的每个人交谈。故选A。
17．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，父母很高兴Nancy满意自己的工作，所以父母并不想让她换一份工作。但同时他们也担心Nancy，因为这有时是一份危险的工作，她要离开家很长时间。说明他们认为这份工作还有些问题。故选C。
(五)（2022·四川·统考中考真题）
After 16 years, the Chinese wmen’s sccer team nce again lifted the Asian Ftball Cnfederatin (AFC) Wmen’s Asian Cup.
On Feb 6, 2022, China beat Suth Krea 3-2 t get their ninth Asian champinship (冠军).
The last time they wn was in 2006. Then the team went thrugh a “lw time”.
This time, the team shwed a fighting spirit. In the first half, China was lsing 0-2. But they didn’t stp trying and scred three gals (进球) t take the lead and win.
“We encuraged each ther, and nne f us ever thught abut giving up. I’m s prud f us.” said team captain Wang Shanshan.
“This champinship is a new start fr the Chinese wmen’s sccer team. Thrugh it, we shwed the wrld ur strength,” she added.
China’s natinal wmen’s sccer team is ging great. But they get less salaries (工资) and attentin than the men’s team. In fact, almst every cllege in China has a men’s sccer team. But wmen’s sccer teams are much fewer. After this champinship, media and the public asked fr bigger supprt fr the develpment f the wmen’s game.
18．When did the Chinese wmen’s team beat Suth Krea 3-2?
A．In 2006.B．In 2016.C．In 2021.D．In 2022.
19．Hw did the Chinese wmen’s team d in the first half f the game?
A．They tk the lead.B．They were lsing.
C．They scred 2 gals.D．They scred 3 gals.
20．What des the Chinese wmen’s team need mst accrding t the last paragraph?
A．Mre praise.B．Mre practice.C．Mre rest.D．Mre supprt.
21．What can be the best title f the text?
A．Our Team Lifted the Cup AgainB．We Have a Wnderful Team
C．China Is a Great CuntryD．AFC Wmen’s Asian Cup Began
【答案】
18．D 19．B 20．D 21．A
【导语】
本文主要讲述了中国女足击败韩国队，获得了她们的第9个亚洲冠军，这次夺冠，对中国女足来说将是一个新的开始。
【详解】
18．细节理解题。根据“On Feb 6, 2022, China beat Suth Krea 3-2 t get their ninth Asian champinship”可知，2022年2月6日，中国队3-2击败韩国队，故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据“In the first half, China was lsing 0-2.”可知，上半场，中国队以0 - 2的比分输掉了比赛，故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“After this champinship, media and the public asked fr bigger supprt fr the develpment f the wmen’s game”可知，需要对其发展给予更大的支持，故选D。
21．最佳标题题。根据“After 16 years, the Chinese wmen’s sccer team nce again lifted the Asian Ftball Cnfederatin (AFC) Wmen’s Asian Cup.”可知，本文主要围绕“中国女足队再次捧起亚足联女足亚洲杯”来介绍女足运动员们不放弃的精神，故选A。
(六)（2022·四川·统考中考真题）
Child chking(窒息) is ne f the serius prblems many parents face.When it cmes t chking, time is everything.
In a Suth Carlina restaurant, a 10-mnth-ld baby chked n a piece f cake. His parents, Jayne and Jn, hit him n the back first. Hwever, nthing was wrking. and the baby was starting t turn blue.
His parents quickly realized hw serius it was. Jayne began calling fr help. “It happened really fast. At that pint, my sn culdn’t breathe(呼吸), I thught he was ging t die.” Jayne said.
All peple in the restaurant wanted t help, but nbdy actually knew what t d. Suddenly, a man said he was able t save the baby. But instead f running t the baby, he ran t his car t get a machine called LifeVac. “The mment was scary fr me as well. The baby lked really bad. The mther trusted me, like the last hpe,” the man said later that day.
LifeVac is an airway-clearing machine. The man had kept the machine in his car fr almst five years and had never needed it befre. He used it t try t get the cake ut f the baby’s muth. Luckily, after several tries, he saved a life that day.
22．What did the parents d first when the chking happened?
A．They called fr help.B．They cried.
C．They hit the baby n the back.D．They ran t a hspital.
23．Where did the chking happen?
A．In an ffice.B．In the street.C．At a htel.D．At a restaurant.
24．Why did the man run t his car?
A．T g away in the car.B．T get the special machine.
C．T get sme medicine.D．T send the baby hme.
25．What wrd can best describe the baby?
A．Lucky.B．Lvely.C．Healthy.D．Friendly.
【答案】
22．C 23．D 24．B 25．A
【导语】本文讲述了一个10个月大的婴儿因一块蛋糕而窒息，被一个男人用机器LifeVac救了的故事。
【详解】
22．细节理解题。根据“a 10-mnth-ld baby chked n a piece f cake. His parents, Jayne and Jn, hit him n the back first.”可知，当他噎住的时候，他的父母先拍了他的背。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据“In a Suth Carlina restaurant, a 10-mnth-ld baby chked n a piece f cake.”可知，发生在南卡罗来纳州的一家餐厅里，故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“But instead f running t the baby, he ran t his car t get a machine called LifeVac”可知，是为了去取叫做“LifeVac”的机器。故选B。
25．推理判断题。根据“He used it t try t get the cake ut f the baby’s muth. Luckily, after several tries, he saved a life that day.”可知，婴儿最后得救了，所以他应该是幸运的。故选A。
(七)（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）
Bris, a freign student at Cmmunicatin University f China, ften shares his experiences f Chinese culture n his vlg (视频博客).
In ne vide, fr example, Bris shared hw he had learned the Chinese wrd dngxi. He translated each part separately int “east west”. And he intrduced ne thery (说法) abut hw dngxi came t mean “things”. He tld peple that all marketplaces in ancient Chinese cities were set up alng a single rad that ran frm east t west. S when yu wuld say qu mai dngxi. yu’d be saying, “I’m ging t buy things.”
Sme ther vides shw his reading Chinese pems and perfrming kung fu in Chinese traditinal csturne, which are quite welcme amng his 40, 000 fllwers.
“Many f my fllwers are learning Chinese,” Bris said. “But sadly, they knw little abut Chinese culture and the cuntry.”
Like many freigners, Bris nce believed that all Chinese culd perfrm kung fu, flying nt rfs and walking ver walls. He thught the cuntry was nt that develped. But after he gt a schlarship (奖学金) t study in China in 2019, his view changed. “China has entered a new perid, but many peple’s impressins f China are still stuck in the1970s,” Bris said. “That’s why I started t sht vlgs t share Chinese culture in 2019.”
Until nw, Bris has psted mre than 40 Chinese culture vlgs nline. But making these vlgs is nt easy. Take reading the pem Secnd Farewell t Cambridge by Xu Zhim as an example.
“I can understand and read every wrd in the pem,” Bris said. “But t tuch readers, I need t use prper feelings while reading.” S he needed t lk fr much backgrund infrmatin and make his feelings suit each part f the pem.
Thugh shting these vlgs takes lts f time, the yung man feels prud that his vlgs have inspired many peple. Bris said that he wanted t cntinue bridging the differences between tw cultures. “This gal may nt be achieved easily, but I will spare n effrts t d my part.”
26．Thrugh the vlgs, Bris mainly wants t ________.
A．teach freigners ChineseB．intrduce a Chinese university
C．sell Chinese prductsD．share his experiences in China
27．Bris learned the Chinese wrd dngxi by ________.
A．translating it as a whleB．knwing its cultural backgrund
C．making up sme sentencesD．cmparing it with similar wrds
28．What inspired Bris t sht vlgs?
A．His hunger fr new technlgy.B．His wish t shw the real China.
C．His interest in Chinese culture.D．His dream t be a big vlgger.
29．The pem Secnd Farewell t Cambridge is mentined t ________.
A．meet the fllwers’ needsB．express Bris’s lve fr pems
C．shw Bris’s effrts at vlg-makingD．give an example f Chinese culture
30．The passage is prbably written t ________.
A．say yes t Bris’s actinsB．build bridges by making vlgs
C．call fr mre helpD．achieve a cmmn gal
【答案】
26．D 27．B 28．B 29．C 30．A
【导语】
本文主要讲述了一位外国学生Bris在博客上分享学习中国文化的经历，包括他学到的一些词语的来历，中国诗歌，表演中国功夫，他的视频激励了许多人，Bris想通过这个来继续弥合两种文化之间的差异。
【详解】
26．细节理解题。根据“Bris, a freign student at Cmmunicatin University f China, ften shares his experiences f Chinese culture n his vlg”可知，通过博客想分享他在中国的经历，故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其“He tld peple that all marketplaces in ancient Chinese cities were set up alng a single rad that ran frm east t west”可知，通过了解文化背景来学习“东西”这个词的含义，故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据“China has entered a new perid, but many peple’s impressins f China are still stuck in the 1970s,” Bris said. “That’s why I started t sht vlgs t share Chinese culture in 2019”可知，他了解到许多人对中国的印象还停留在20世纪70年代，他想通过视频来让人们了解中国的现状，了解真正的中国，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据“But making these vlgs is nt easy. Take reading the pem Secnd Farewell t Cambridge by Xu Zhim as an example”可知，提到阅读徐志摩写的诗歌是为了表明制作博客的不易，故选C。
30．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一位外国学生Bris在博客上分享学习中国文化的经历，让更多人了解中国的现状，目的是以此来肯定他分享文化的举动，故选A。
(八)（2022·天津·统考中考真题）
Steve is James and Jhn’s big brther. One day, when their mum left fr wrk, James and Jhn started crying. They didn’t want her t leave. Steve tried t stp them crying and said, “Let’s play hide-and-seek (捉迷藏). Yu hide and I’ll cunt t ten. Then I’ll try t find yu.” Steve fund James under a chair and Jhn behind a dr. They played ver and ver again. Each time, the tw bys hid in the same places. Finally, Steve felt t bred with the game. “Let’s take the dg fr a walk,” he said.
When Steve walked the dg, he fund James and Jhn were running in the street. He thught it was s dangerus. Then he had an idea. “Anyne wh walks back t the huse with me can have sme snacks!” Steve shuted.
At hme, the bys ate sme ckies and gt ready fr a sleep. James and Jhn wanted a stry. Steve tld them the stry abut the little red hen. When their mum returned hme, she was pleased t find the three sleeping bys.
31．James and Jhn started ________ when their mum left hme.
A．cryingB．runningC．readingD．sleeping
32．Where did James hide during the game?
A．Under a table.B．Under a chair.C．Behind a dr.D．Behind a bx.
33．Why did Steve feel bred with the game?
A．Because he was nt gd at it.B．Because he didn’t knw where t hide.
C．Because his brthers made the rm dirty.D．Because his brthers always hid in the same places.
34．What were James and Jhn ding when Steve walked the dg?
A．Staying in the huse.B．Shuting at Steve.C．Running in the street.D．Eating sme snacks.
35．Hw did their mum feel when she fund the sleeping bys?
A．Angry.B．Pleased.C．Afraid.D．Sad.
【答案】
31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．B
【导语】
本文主要讲述了在Steve妈妈上班时，Steve在家里带着两个弟弟度过愉快一天的经历。
【详解】
31．细节理解题。根据“One day, when their mum left fr wrk, James and Jhn started crying”可知，妈妈去上班时，他们就开始哭，故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“Steve fund James under a chair and Jhn behind a dr”可知，James躲在了椅子下面，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“Each time, the tw bys hid in the same places. Finally, Steve felt t bred with the game”可知，因为两个弟弟总是藏在同一个位置，所以Steve对这个游戏感到无聊，故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“When Steve walked the dg, he fund James and Jhn were running in the street”可知，当Steve遛狗时，James和Jhn在街上跑，故选C。
35．细节理解题。根据“When their mum returned hme, she was pleased t find the three sleeping bys”可知，妈妈回来看到三个孩子都睡着了感到很开心，故选B。
(九)（2022·山东济南·统考中考真题）
Tyler had brken his arm in a bicycle accident. A car kncked Tyler dwn when it came ut f a side street withut stpping. The accident happened because there was n stp sign at the crner and the car didn’t stp. S Tyler decided t try t get the city t put up a stp sign.
First, Tyler wrte a petitin（请愿书）t have a stp sign put up with his parents’ help. Then, Tyler and his parents asked their neighbrs, friends, teachers, classmates… almst everyne they knew t sign the petitin. Sn, there were hundreds f names n the petitin.
Tyler als gt sme infrmatin abut ther accidents at the same crner where he had had his wn accident. If he culd shw the city that it was a dangerus crner, they might put up a stp sign there. He hped that this infrmatin and his petitin wuld wrk.
When the petitin was ready, Tyler and his parents went t a meeting f the city cuncil（政务委员会）. They brught alng the petitin and the ther infrmatin. After a lng wait, Tyler gt a chance t tell what had happened t him. He tld the stry f the bicycle accident and explained his idea. If there were a stp sign at the crner where the accident happened, ther kids wuld be safer.
After that, Tyler read the petitin ut lud. Then, he handed it and the ther infrmatin t the cuncil. The city cuncil agreed t cnsider the request and make a decisin befre their next meeting.
The next mnth, Tyler and his parents attended anther meeting f the city cuncil. The head f the city cuncil annunced that the city had decided t agree t the petitin! There wuld be a stp sign at the crner where Tyler had his accident. Nw ther kids wuld be safer when they rde their bikes.
36．Why did Tyler have the bicycle accident at the crner?
A．Tyler rde rather t fast.B．There was n stp sign.
C．The car ran the red light.D．The street was crwded.
37．What was the first thing Tyler did t have a stp sign put up at the crner?
A．He fund ut abut ther accidents.B．He explained his idea t his neighbrs.
C．He wrte a petitin fr the stp sign.D．He attended a meeting f the city cuncil.
38．When did the city cuncil agree t the petitin?
A．As sn as Tyler handed it.B．After Tyler’s parents handed it again.
C．After abut a six-mnth wait.D．Nearly a mnth after Tyler handed it.
39．Hw wuld the ther kids prbably feel when the new stp sign was put up?
A．Thankful.B．Nervus.C．Embarrassed.D．Prud.
40．What can we learn frm the text?
A．It is dangerus fr peple t ride bikes in the street.
B．Only adults have the respnsibility t present a petitin.
C．Kids can play a rle in making their neighbrhds better.
D．Stp signs are suppsed t be put up at every street crner.
【答案】
36．B 37．C 38．D 39．A 40．C
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述泰勒因为拐角处没有停车标志而受伤，便请愿设立停车标志，现在那个街角设立了停车标志，其他孩子骑自行车会更安全。
【详解】
36．细节理解题。根据“The accident happened because there was n stp sign at the crner and the car didn’t stp.”可知，发生事故的原因是拐角处没有停车标志，汽车没有停车。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“First, Tyler wrte a petitin t have a stp sign put up with his parents’ help.”可知，首先，泰勒在父母帮助下写了一封请愿书，希望能设立一个停车标志。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据“The next mnth, Tyler and his parents attended anther meeting f the city cuncil. The head f the city cuncil annunced that the city had decided t agree t the petitin!”可知，第二个月，泰勒和他的父母参加了市政务委员会的另一场会议，政务委员会主席宣布，该市已决定同意他的请愿。故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据“Nw ther kids wuld be safer when they rde their bikes.”可知，现在其他孩子骑自行车会更安全，由此推知当新的停车标志被竖起时，其他孩子可能会很感谢泰勒。故选A。
40．推理判断题。本文讲述泰勒因为拐角处没有停车标志而受伤，便请愿设立停车标志，现在那个街角设立了停车标志，由此可知，孩子们也可以发挥作用，让他们的社区变得更好。故选C。
(十)（2021·山东济南·统考中考真题）
Nezumi was a muse. He was thinking abut finding a husband fr her daughter Suki. But Suki said, “Father, I wish t marry Tar.”
Tar was smart and strng, but Tar’s parents were nt rich r pwerful. “My Suki can’t marry a cmmn muse!” Nezumi said. “I’ll find smene pwerful fr my daughter.” Nesumi traveled far and wide, but nbdy met his high standards.
One day, he climbed t the tp f a muntain. “Hi, Sun!” Nezumi called. “Nbdy is mre pwerful than yu. I’d like yu t marry my daughter.” Sun smiled and said, “Yes, I’m pwerful. Withut me, nthing grws. But when Clud cvers my face, the wrld grws cld.” As Clud came, Sun disappeared.
Nezumi bwed t Clud and tld him his wish. “Surely I’m pwerful,” he said. “But here cmes smene strnger.” And Wind blew Clud away.
Then Nezumi shuted his wish t Wind. “Of curse I’m pwerful. But I can’t pass thrugh Wall,” said Wind.
When Nezumi tld Wall his wish, Wall said quietly, “Yes, I’m pwerful. I keep enemies away. But I’m afraid f mice like yu, wh dig under me and make me fall dwn.”
Nezumi let ut a big laugh. He ran back hme and said t Suki, “My dear! Yu are right. Tar will be a pwerful husband.”
41．Nezumi wanted t find ________ fr her daughter.
A．a ringB．a huseC．a husbandD．a friend
42．Nezumi thught that Tar’s parents were nt ________ .
A．richB．smartC．plite.D．hnest
43．Where did Nezumi call t Sun?
A．In his yard.B．On a muntain.C．In his hle.D．On the beach.
44．Wall aid that he was afraid f ________ .
A．SunB．CludC．WindD．mice
45．Frm the last paragraph, we can infer（推断）that ________ in the end.
A．Suki and Tar gt marriedB．Nezumi laughed at SukiC．Suki ran away frm hmeD．Nezumi fught with Tar
【答案】
41．C 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．A
【导语】
本文主要讲述了老鼠Nezumi想把女儿嫁给有权有势的人，再问过太阳、云朵、风和墙壁之后，他发现还是老鼠最厉害。
【详解】
41．细节理解题，根据“He was thinking abut finding a husband fr his daughter Suki.”可知，他想给他的女儿找个丈夫。故选C。
42．细节理解题，根据“Tar was smart and strng, but Tar’s parents were nt rich r pwerful.”Tar又聪明又强壮，但他的父母既不富有，也没有权势。可知，Nezumi认为Tar的父母不富有。故选A。
43．细节理解题，根据“One day, he climbed t the tp f a muntain. ‘Hi, Sun!’ Nezumi called.”可知，他在山顶和太阳对话。故选B。
44．细节理解题，根据“When Nezumi tld Wall his wish，Wall said quietly, ‘Yes，I’m pwerful.I keep enemies away. But I’m afraid f mice like yu, wh dig under me and make me fall dwn.’”可知，墙壁害怕老鼠。故选D。
45．推理判断题，根据“My dear! Yu are right.Tar will be a pwerful husband.”以及前文“I’ll find smene pwerful fr my daughter.”可推知，最后Suki和Tar会结婚。故选A。
(十一)（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）
All thrugh grade schl, I gt extra help with schlwrk. If I gt a D, I was very happy. If I gt a C-minus (C-), I had achieved greatness. A’s and B’s were a kingdm I culd never enter.
Once my teacher, Miss Mills, had given me a list f ten spelling wrds. My mther and I went ver the list until I knew thse wrds. I felt great. I thught, “Ww! This time, I’m ging t pass.” The next day, I went int the classrm and began t write dwn the wrds. The first wrd was carpet. I wrte that ne dwn: c-a-r-p-e-t. I was feeling pretty cnfident. Then came neighbr-I wrte dwn the letter n. Then rhythm-I knew there was an r. Suburban-I wrte s-u-b. My cnfidence failed me. I had gne frm 100 percent t maybe a D-minus. Where did the wrds g?
Sme peple talk abut infrmatin sliding ff yur brain. That was my life. I was an underachiever (未能充分发挥学习潜力者).
Nw I knw I have dyslexia (诵读困难症). A persn with dyslexia might see the as teh, and bird as brid. My brain learns differently. A learning disability can really change the way yu feel abut yurself. Nw I knw that even if I learn differently, I can still be filled with greatness.
Tday when I visit schls as an actr, directr, and c-authr f children’s bks, I tell children that everyne has smething special inside. It’s ur jb t find ut what that is and get it ut, and give it t the wrld as a gift.
46．What’s the writer’s prblem in grade schl?
A．He had truble spelling.B．He ften gt C-minuses.
C．He was absent-minded.D．He had a physical disability.
47．Frm Paragraph 2, we can infer that the writer ________.
A．wrte dwn 20% wrds crrectlyB．knew he had dyslexia then
C．felt upset abut himself at lastD．studied hard and passed the test
48．The underlined phrase “sliding ff” in Paragraph 3 prbably means ________.
A．cming intB．ging thrugh
C．mving arundD．disappearing frm
49．After the writer knew he had dyslexia, he ________.
A．felt very excitedB．had mre difficulties in study
C．was filled with sadnessD．changed his view f himself
50．What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．A Change fr SureB．A Great Underachiever
C．A Gift frm the WrldD．A Special Spelling Bee
【答案】
46．A 47．C 48．D 49．D 50．B
【导语】
本文主要介绍了作者作为一个有诵读困难症的差等生的学习经历，作者明白即使以不同的方式学习，依旧可以充满伟大，他最终取得了成功。
【详解】
46．细节理解题。根据文中“The first wrd was carpet. I wrte that ne dwn: c-a-r-p-e-t. I was feeling pretty cnfident. Then came neighbr-I wrte dwn the letter n. Then rhythm-I knew there was an r. Suburban-I wrte s-u-b.”可知，作者在小学拼写单词有困难。故选A。
47．推理判断题。根据文中“My cnfidence failed me. I had gne frm 100 percent t maybe a D-minus. Where did the wrds g?”可知，作者失去了信心，觉得自己的表现可能得D-，由此推断出作者最后对自己感到不安。故选C。
48．词义猜测题。第二段中作者原本记住了单词并且感觉极好，但开始写的时候却一错再错，结合“Sme peple talk abut infrmatin sliding ff yur brain.”可推出此处指信息从大脑中消失，sliding ff意为“disappearing frm”。故选D。
49．细节理解题。根据文中“A learning disability can really change the way yu feel abut yurself. Nw I knw that even if I learn differently, I can still be filled with greatness.”可知，当作者知道自己有阅读障碍后，他改变了对自己的看法。故选D。
50．标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了作者作为一个有诵读困难症的差等生的学习经历，作者明白即使以不同的方式学习，依旧可以充满伟大，他最终取得了成功。用“A Great Underachiever”做标题最合适。故选B。
二、阅读单选（说明文）
(一)（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）
In China, writing brushes, ink sticks, paper and ink tnes are called the Fur Treasures f Study. Amng the high-quality treasures, the writing brush prduced in Huizhu, the ink stick prduced in Huizhu, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stne made in Duanxi are the best-knwn.
The writing brushes can be used t draw the pictures n painted ptteries(陶器). They are mainly made f the hair f animals. Thse made f wl are called yangha and thse made f the weasel’s(鼬) tail hair are called langha. Their artistic effects in writing and painting cannt be cpied by any ther pens.
The ink stick is the pigment used in writing and painting. The ink stick prduced in Huizhu is f high quality. A stry ges like this: Tw famus skilled men Xi Cha and his sn prduced a kind f high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperr Li Yu in the Suthern Tang Dynasty agreed t give them the family name “Li”. Frm then n, the fame f the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Sng Dynasty, its prducing area was changed int Huizhu, and it was then called the Hui Ink Stick.
Paper is amng the fur great inventins in ancient China. The famus xuan paper appeared in the Sui and Tang dynasties. In Xuanzhu, Anhui Prvince where the xuan paper is prduced, it’s said that Cai Lun’s pupil Kng Dan tk the jb f prducing paper but failed t make perfect white paper. Later he happened t see the ebny(黑檀) in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark t prduce the wrld-famus xuan paper.
The ink stne was already very ppular in the Han Dynasty. The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance f the Fur Famus Ink Stnes-Duan Ink Stne. She Ink Stne, Ta Ink Stne and Chengni Ink Stne. They can nt nly be used in writing and painting but als fr admiratin.
51．What are the writing brushes mainly made f?
A．The pigment.B．The animals’ tails.C．The bark.D．The hair f animals.
52．Why did Xi Cha and his sn get the family name frm the Emperr Li Yu?
A．Because they prduced a kind f high-quality ink stick.
B．Because the fame f the ink stick was widespread.
C．Because its prducing area was changed int Huizhu.
D．Because Xi Cha was the relative f the Emperr Li Yu.
53．Hw did Kng Dan find the way t make the famus xuan paper by accident?
A．He tk the jb f prducing paper.
B．He appeared in Xuanzhu, Anhui Prvince.
C．He happened t see the ebny in the rivers and used the bark t prduce the famus ruan paper.
D．He was Cai Lun’s pupil at that time.
54．When did the Fur Famus Ink Stnes appear?
A．The Ming and Qing dynasties.B．The Han Dynasty.
C．The Sui and Tang dynasties.D．The Sng Dynasty.
55．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．The Histry f PtteriesB．The Histry f the Fur Treasures f Study
C．The Histry f the Fur Famus Ink StnesD．The Histry f Xuan Paper
【答案】
51．D 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．B
【导语】
本文主要讲了文房四宝，具体对文房四宝进行介绍。
【详解】
51．细节理解题。根据“The writing brushes can be used t draw the pictures n painted ptteries(陶器). They are mainly made f the hair f animals.”可知，它们主要是由动物的毛发制成的，故选D。
52．细节理解题。根据“w famus skilled men Xi Cha and his sn prduced a kind f high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperr Li Yu in the Suthern Tang Dynasty agreed t give them the family name ‘Li’.” 可知，奚超父子制出了质量非常高的墨，南唐皇帝李煜赏赐了他们家国姓“李”，故选A。
53．细节理解题。根据“Later he happened t see the ebny(黑檀) in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark t prduce the wrld-famus xuan paper.”可知，他偶然在河里看到乌木，就用乌木树皮制成了著名的宣纸，故选C。
54．细节理解题。根据“The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance f the Fur Famus Ink Stnes-Duan Ink Stne. She Ink Stne, Ta Ink Stne and Chengni Ink Stne.”可知，明清时期出现了四大名砚台，故选A。
55．最佳标题题。根据“In China, writing brushes, ink sticks, paper and ink tnes are called the Fur Treasures f Study.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是对文房四宝进行介绍，故选B。
(二)（2022·山东淄博·统考中考真题）
Biking keeps yu fit. It is a clean and green way t get t wrk it yu live clse enugh. Als, it’s cheaper than driving a car.
Biking has s many advantages, but why aren’t there mre bikers n city rads? Accrding t a survey, the number ne reasn is the wrry abut rad safety.
Sharing the rad with cars can be dangerus. Omar Bakhshi experienced this when a car kncked him dwn, which had bad effects n his taste and smell fr life. Bakhshi realized that what happened t him wasn’t unusual.
Because bikers ften experience dangers with cars, Bakhshi set ut t make rads safer t share. He started a cmpany, Tether, t imprve safety cnditins fr city bikers.
Tether’s inventin is a smart sensr (传感器) that ges n a bike’s handlebars (把手). As the biker rides thrugh the city, the inventin makes a “safety zne (地带)” f lights nt the rad. These lights will make cars pay attentin t the rules f sharing the rad. If cars get t clse t the biker’s persnal spaces, the lights will start flashing.
What makes Bakhshi’s inventin different is its smart features (特点). Tether’s tl cllects data (数据) frm these biking accidents. The data is rganized int a central database and can be used t chse which streets are safer fr bikers.
Nt nly can bikers chse a better way t avid heavy traffic by using the data, but Bakhshi plans t share the data with the gvernment.
Walking, biking, driving and public transprtatin all have different advantages and disadvantages. When all rad users can share the same level f safety knwledge, everyne can get where they need t g quickly and safely.
56．Why aren’t there mre bikers n city rads accrding t the passage?
A．Because peple can’t affrd bikes.B．Because peple can’t ride bikes.
C．Because peple like t drive cars mre.D．Because peple wrry abut rad safety.
57．What happened t Bakhshi befre he started Tether?
A．He lst his new bike by accident.B．He failed t invent a bike.
C．He had an accident when riding a bike.D．He hurt a man when driving a car.
58．Hw des Tether’s inventin imprve safety cnditins?
A．By making a “safety zne” f lights.B．By making the bike strnger.
C．By making the bike much cheaper.D．By making peple drive cars less.
59．What can be the best title fr the passage?
A．The life in green cheap styleB．An experience f driving a car
C．The wrry abut data lifeD．New technlgy fr biking safety
【答案】
56．D 57．C 58．A 59．D
【导语】
本文介绍了一个让骑车更安全的发明。
【详解】
56．细节理解题。根据“Biking has s many advantages, but why aren’t there mre bikers n city rads? Accrding t a survey, the number ne reasn is the wrry abut rad safety.”可知城市道路没有太多自行车的原因是人们担心道路安全问题。故选D。
57．细节理解题。根据“Sharing the rad with cars can be dangerus. Omar Bakhshi experienced this when a car kncked him dwn, which had bad effects n his taste and smell fr life.”和“Because bikers ften experience dangers with cars, Bakhshi set ut t make rads safer t share. He started a cmpany, Tether, t imprve safety cnditins fr city bikers.”可知Bakhshi一次在路上被车撞倒出现事故，然后他开始了一家公司Tether，改善骑车环境。故选C。
58．细节理解题。根据“As the biker rides thrugh the city, the inventin makes a ‘safety zne (地带)’ f lights nt the rad. These lights will make cars pay attentin t the rules f sharing the rad. If cars get t clse t the biker’s persnal spaces, the lights will start flashing.”可知Tether发明时为自行车提供一个“安全地带”，如果车辆太靠近，灯光就会闪。故选A。
59．最佳标题。根据“Tether’s inventin is a smart sensr (传感器) that ges n a bike’s handlebars (把手). As the biker rides thrugh the city, the inventin makes a ‘safety zne (地带)’ f lights nt the rad. ”和全文内容可知，本文介绍了一个让骑车更安全的新发明。故选D。
(三)（2022·湖北荆门·统考中考真题）
Funded in 1987 in Shenzhen, Huawei is a leading prvider f infrmatin and cmmunicatins technlgy(ICT) arund the wrld. With mre than 195,000 wrkers, the cmpany runs in mre than 170 cuntries and areas, serving mre than three billin peple.
As we all knw, there are tw perating systems(操作系统) used in smartphnes, Andrid OS and iOS. Fr a very lng time, mst f the smartphnes have been depending n Andrid OS, including Huawei’s smartphnes. Nw things are changing. Huawei has been creating its wn perating system—HarmnyOS r Hngmeng in Chinese. Hngmeng is a wrd frm the Chinese mythlgy(神话), symblizing(象征) the wrld befre HarmnyOS was created. S it means starting frm the very beginning.
First knwn t the public in 2019, HarmnyOS is an perating system fr different devices(设备). It has already been used in Huawei watches, laptps and s n ver the years. In December 2020, a beta versin(测试版) f HarmnyOS fr smartphnes came ut. Half a year later in June 2021, Huawei launched its self﹣develped HarmnyOS fr smartphnes.
Chinese tech lvers have lng been lking frward t the perating system develped by urselves. Industries including turism, educatin, hme devices and sprts have als welcmed HarmnyOS.
At present, Huawei encurages peple t test the system. The cmpany expects the number f devices using HarmnyOS t reach 300 millin by the end f the year. It’s hped that HarmnyOS will be a great mbile ecsystem.
60．What can we learn frm the first paragraph?
A．Huawei has a histry f 45 years. B．There are 170,000 wrkers in Huawei.
C．Huawei was started in the capital city f China. D．Over three billin peple are using Huawei prducts.
61．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refer t(指的是)?
A．The wrld. B．iOS. C．Andrid OS. D．HarmnyOS.
62．Paragraph 3 mainly talks abut ________.
A．the develpment f HarmnyOSB．the effrts made by the cmpany
C．the difficulty in develping the systemD．the reasns fr develping the system
63．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．The Histry f Huawei. B．Huawei and Its HarmnyOS.
C．HarmnyOS fr Smartphnes. D．Different Kinds f Operating Systems.
【答案】
60．D 61．D 62．A 63．B
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了华为公司自主研发的鸿蒙系统。
【详解】
60．细节理解题。根据“With mre than 195,000 wrkers, the cmpany runs in mre than 170 cuntries and areas, serving mre than three billin peple.”可知，华为公司拥有19.5万多名员工，业务遍及170多个国家和地区，为30多亿人提供服务。故选D。
61．推理判断题。根据“Hngmeng is a wrd frm the Chinese mythlgy(神话), symblizing(象征) the wrld befre HarmnyOS was created. S it means starting frm the very beginning.”可知，鸿蒙是中国神话中的一个词，象征着鸿蒙系统创建之前的世界，所以这意味着从头开始。此处it指的是“鸿蒙系统”。故选D。
62．段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段介绍了鸿蒙系统的发展，故选A。
63．最佳标题题。分析文章内容可知，本文主要介绍华为公司自主研发的鸿蒙系统。故选B。
(四)（2022·山东烟台·统考中考真题）
Fr the first time, scientists have grwn plants in mn sil (土壤) cllected by NASA’s Apll astrnauts.
The scientists had n idea if anything wuld grw in mn sil. They wanted t see if it culd be used t grw plants. Rbert Ferl f the University f Flrida was surprised with the results. “Plants actually grw in mn sil,” he said.
Ferl and ther researchers planted thale cress, a small flwering plant, in mn sil. The gd news was that all f the seeds (种子) grew. The bad news was that after the first week, they grew slwly. Mst f the plants ended up small and nt fully develped.
Scientists fund that the lnger the sil was n the mn, the wrse the plants seemed t grw. The sil cllected by the Apll 11 was the least helpful fr grwth. It was a cuple billin years lnger. One slutin might be t use yunger sil n the mn, like lava (火山岩浆), r put in sme special nutrient (营养物) mixtures.
Only 382 kilgrams f mn rcks and sil were brught back by the six Apll grups that landed n the mn. Early last year, NASA finally gave ut 12 grams f sil fr the planting experiment (实验).
The Flrida scientists hpe t reuse their mn sil later this year, planting mre thale cress befre pssibly mving n t ther plants.
A scientist said, “Grwing plants is a big step frward. The real next step is t g and d it n the surface f the mn.”
64．What did Rbert Ferl think f the results f the planting experiment?
A．Surprising.B．Disappinting.C．Awful.D．Regretful.
65．What d the Flrida scientists plan t d this year?
A．T find sme yunger sil n the mn. B．T make sme special nutrient mixtures.
C．T plant sme ther plants in new mn sil. D．T use the mn sil again in the experiment.
66．What may be the real purpse f the planting experiment?
A．T cllect mre sil frm the mn.B．T send mre scientists t the mn.
C．T grw plants n the mn surface.D．T plant mre thale cress n the mn.
67．What can we infer (推断) frm the passage?
A．Mst f the plants grew well after tw weeks. B．The sil cllected by the Apll 11 is the ldest.
C．It is easy fr astrnauts t bring back mn sil. D．Scientists fund n ways t imprve the experiment.
【答案】
64．A 65．D 66．C 67．B
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍一项关于月球上的土壤是否可以用来种植作物的研究。
【详解】
64．细节理解题。根据“Rbert Ferl f the University f Flrida was surprised with the results.”可知，佛罗里达大学的Rbert Ferl对结果感到惊讶。故选A。
65．细节理解题。根据“The Flrida scientists hpe t reuse their mn sil later this year, planting mre thale cress befre pssibly mving n t ther plants.”可知，佛罗里达的科学家们希望在今年晚些时候重新利用他们的月球土壤，在可能种植其他植物之前种植更多的芥蓝。故选D。
66．细节理解题。根据“Grwing plants is a big step frward. The real next step is t g and d it n the surface f the mn.”可知，种植植物是向前迈出的一大步，真正的下一步是在月球表面进行。故选C。
67．推理判断题。根据“Scientists fund that the lnger the sil was n the mn, the wrse the plants seemed t grw. The sil cllected by the Apll 11 was the least helpful fr grwth.”可知，科学家们发现，月球上的土壤时间越长，植物生长得越糟糕，阿波罗11号收集的土壤对作物生长的帮助最小。由此推知，阿波罗11号收集的土壤是最古老的，故选B。
(五)（2022·浙江衢州·统考中考真题）

Imagine muntains held in silver water, shining in the spring sun. Summer sees the muntains turn green with grwing rice. During auturmn, these same muntains are gld, and in winter they are cvered with white frst. These are the clurs f the Lngji Rice Terraces.
These terraces were built by the lcal Zhuang and Ya peple in Guangxi. Wrk n the terraces tk them hundreds f years frm Yuan Dynasty t the early Qing Dynasty. Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cver tall muntains, ften frm the bttm t the very tp.
S why did these peple g t s much truble t turn the muntains int terraces? Firstly, there are few large, flat（平坦的）areas f land here. Building the terraces meant that they culd increase mre fields t grw rice. Secndly, the flat terraces catch the rainwater and stp the sil frm being washed away.
But perhaps what is mst meaningful is the way peple have wrked in harmny（和谐）with nature t make these terraces. The terraces are cleverly shaped, with hundreds f waterways that cnnect with each ther. During the rainy seasn, it is alng these waterways that rainwater mves dwn the muntains and int the terraces. The sun heats the water and turns it int vapur. This frms cluds and then rain falls dwn nt the muntain terraces nce again.
Althugh mdern technlgy culd help prduce mre crps, these terraces still mean a lt t the lcal peple. Fr them, traditins hld much value. This knwledge is passed dwn thrugh families, which means that peple cntinue t use ancient methds f farming t keep the terraces. Tday, the Lngji Rice Terraces receive high praise（赞扬）, and thusands f visitrs cme t enjy this great wnder created by peple and nature wrking tgether.
68．Hw des the writer intrduce the Lngji Rice Terraces in Paragraph 1?
A．By telling stries.B．By describing sights.
C．By shwing cultures.D．By making interviews.
69．What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．Why the farmers use the waterways t grw rice.
B．Why the farmers turn the muntains int terraces.
C．Hw peple wrk in harmny with nature tgether.
D．Hw the lcal peple prtect crps in the rainy seasn.
70．Why d the lcal peple still keep their ancient farming ways?
A．T value their traditins.B．T prduce mre crps.
C．T share their experience.D．T satisfy mre visitrs.
71．What’s the writer’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T intrduce the histry f the terraces.B．T advise peple t build mre terraces.
C．T list the ways f imprving technlgy.D．T praise the cleverness f the lcal peple.
【答案】
68．B 69．C 70．A 71．A
【导语】
本文讲述了壮族和瑶族人修建的龙脊梯田。
【详解】
68．推理判断题。根据“Imagine muntains held in silver water, shining in the spring sun. Summer sees the muntains turn green with grwing rice. During auturmn, these same muntains are gld, and in winter they are cvered with white frst. These are the clurs f the Lngji Rice Terraces.”可知，群山被银色的水托着，在春天的阳光下闪闪发光，夏天稻谷的生长使山变绿了，秋天这些山是金色的，冬天它们被白色的霜覆盖。第一段作者通过描述景色介绍龙脊梯田，故选B。
69．段落大意题。分析第四段内容，尤其是“But perhaps what is mst meaningful is the way peple have wrked in harmny（和谐）with nature t make these terraces.”可知，本段主要介绍人们如何与自然和谐相处，故选C。
70．细节理解题。根据“Althugh mdern technlgy culd help prduce mre crps, these terraces still mean a lt t the lcal peple. Fr them, traditins hld much value. This knwledge is passed dwn thrugh families, which means that peple cntinue t use ancient methds f farming t keep the terraces.”可知，虽然现代技术可以帮助生产更多的作物，但这些梯田对当地人来说仍然意义重大，对他们来说传统很有价值，这种知识通过家庭代代相传，这意味着人们继续使用古老的耕作方法来保持梯田。故选A。
71．主旨大意题。本文作者主要讲述了壮族和瑶族人修建的龙脊梯田，故选A。
(六)（2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）
Many Chinese primary and middle-schl students can’t d husewrk tday and d nt take such wrk seriusly. As a result, sme are unable t ck r wash their wn clthes when they enter cllege.
The Ministry f Educatin has recently released the new curriculum standard(新课程标准) fr husewrk educatin fr students frm Grade 1 t Grade 9, making it an independent curse that students must take at least nce a week. The new standard requires students in Grade 1-2 t learn t sweep the flr, Grade 3-4 t learn t plant cabbages, and Grade 5-6 t master the skills f cking tw t three dishes. Students in junir middle schls will learn t repair simple electrical machines. This new standard has been widely welcmed by the public.
Wang: We all knw the imprtance f husewrk educatin. Hwever, at hme, sme students are unable t d the simplest husewrk, as their parents insist they shuld devte themselves t study. Sme f them gradually grw t be unwilling t d any kind f husewrk. Husewrk educatin is suppsed t raise students’ interest in labr, help them experience different kinds f husewrk and, mst imprtantly, crrect their attitudes tward labr. The husewrk curse will becme an imprtant step t develp and imprve persnalities f students.
Li: In rder fr students t develp in an all-rund way, it’s abslutely necessary t add the husewrk curse t schl curriculums, which aims t encurage students in primary and secndary schls t prgressively learn and lve husewrk. It is imprtant t make the husewrk class interesting, s that the students will really gain sme practical skills. Fr this reasn, schls shuld add prfessinal(专业的) teachers t give the classes, instead f adding this new stress n parents and ther teachers wh are already busy with their daily wrk.
Zhang: Sme peple think it’s unnecessary t waste time n learning husewrk. If yu want t have a meal, yu can rder fd nline, and fr electrical machine repairs, yu can ask fr specialized help. Hwever, peple with the basic skills fr daily life can g much mre cnfidently and smthly thrugh everyday life.
It is the first step in encuraging yung students t develp a healthy cncept(观念) f labr and t be able t take care f themselves in daily life.
72．Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the new curriculum standard?
A．Students in Grade 1-2 shuld learn t plant cabbages.
B．Students in Grade 5-6 shuld learn t ck 2-3 dishes.
C．Students in Grade 3-4 can repair simple electrical machines.
D．Students shuld take the husewrk curse at least twice a week.
73．Accrding t Wang, why can’t sme students d any basic husewrk?
A．Because students dn’t realize the imprtance f labr.
B．Because husewrk can’t imprve students’ persnalities.
C．Because husewrk classes are nt interesting as expected.
D．Because their parents require them t spend mre time n study.
74．Which f the fllwing pinins cmes frm Li?
A．Ordering fd nline is a gd way fr students t save time.
B．Nn-prfessinal teachers shuld help give husewrk classes.
C．Students get useful skills and cnfidence thrugh husewrk classes.
D．Teachers f the husewrk curse are expected t make classes interesting.
75．The passage mainly wants t tell us ________.
A．the imprtance f the husewrk curse
B．the new stress n bth teachers and parents
C．different pinins n the husewrk curse
D．the cncept f the new curriculum standard
【答案】
72．B 73．D 74．D 75．A
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍家务教育课程的重要性以及几个人的看法。
【详解】
72．细节理解题。根据“and Grade 5-6 t master the skills f cking tw t three dishes”可知，5-6年级掌握2到3道菜的烹饪技巧，故选B。
73．细节理解题。根据“Hwever, at hme, sme students are unable t d the simplest husewrk, as their parents insist they shuld devte themselves t study.”可知，一些学生连最简单的家务都不会做，因为他们的父母坚持认为他们应该致力于学习。故选D。
74．推理判断题。根据“It is imprtant t make the husewrk class interesting, s that the students will really gain sme practical skills.”可知，李认为让家务课变得有趣是很重要的，这样学生才能真正获得一些实用技能。故选D。
75．主旨大意题。本文介绍家务教育课程的重要性以及几个人的看法，选项A“家务课程的重要性”符合主题，故选A。
(七)（2022·四川资阳·统考中考真题）
The mnster statues (怪兽雕像) in the Frbidden City (故宫) cme alive! They can mve and talk. They even have their wn languages. Li Xiayu, an 11-year-ld student, jins them n an adventurus jurney.
This cartn stry cmes frm the bk series (系列) Mnsters in the Frbidden City. There are many special things in the cartn. It has real actrs. Li Xiayu becmes a mnster and gets int the wrld f mnster statues. There are red walls, yellw rfs (房顶), and water-ink paintings.
The bks’ writer is Chang Yi. When Chang was a little girl, she ften heard stries f mnsters in the Frbidden City frm lder peple. She als read abut them in sme bks. Interested in these mnsters, she kept reading t find ut mre abut them in ancient bks.
As she grew up, she fund that many Chinese peple knew mre abut mnsters frm Eurpean and American mvies and TV prgrams. Sme lved Japanese mnsters, but many f these came frm China. Chinese mnsters were less well-knwn. Chang decided t make a change by writing bks. The Mnsters in the Frbidden City series was brn. Each chapter f the bks tells the stry f a mnster statue in the Frbidden City.
76．What des the underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph 1 refer t?
A．Languages.B．Bks.C．Mnster statues.D．Older peple.
77．Which are special in the cartn?
A．Red rfs.B．Real actrs.C．Oil paintings.D．Yellw walls.
78．Hw did Chang Yi learn mre abut the mnsters?
A．By reading bks.B．By playing with them.
C．By drawing pictures.D．By watching cartns.
79．Why did Chang Yi write the bk series?
A．T make up new stries.B．T develp her interest in writing.
C．T make mnsters mve and talk.D．T let Chinese mnsters mre well-knwn.
【答案】
76．C 77．B 78．A 79．D
【导语】
本文主要介绍了关于故宫的卡通故事怪兽雕像的由来及其作者的创作经历。
【详解】
76．词义猜测题。根据“They can mve and talk. They even have their wn languages. Li Xiayu, an 11-year-ld student, jins them n an adventurus jurney.”可知怪兽雕像变成活的，李小雨，11岁的学生加入了它们冒险的旅程。故可推之“them”指的是怪兽雕像，故选C。
77．细节理解题。根据“There are many special things in the cartn. It has real actrs. Li Xiayu becmes a mnster and gets int the wrld f mnster statues.”可知特别的是动画片中有真正的演员。故选B。
78．细节理解题。根据“Interested in these mnsters, she kept reading t find ut mre abut them in ancient bks.”可知作者是在书中学习更多关于怪兽的知识的。故选A。
79．细节理解题。根据“Chinese mnsters were less well-knwn. Chang decided t make a change by writing bks.”可知作者写这个书是想让中国的怪兽更出名。故选D。
(八)（2022·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题）

Bing Dwen Dwen Shuey Rhn Rhn
Hell, my friends! Nice t meet yu! My name is Bing Dwen Dwen. I’m the masct(吉祥物) f the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games. I’m a black and white panda. I have big eyes, a small nse and a small muth. My arms and legs are shrt. What is it n my left hand? Haha, it is a heart pattern(心形图案) t welcme friends all ver the wrld t cme t China.
Wh is that? It is my gd friend, Shuey Rhn Rhn. It is the masct f the Paralympic Winter Games(冬残奥会). It lks like a red lantern. It has tw small eyes. Its arms and legs are shrt, t. We are very cute.
80．Shuey Rhn Rhn is the masct f ________.
A．the 2022 Winter Olympic Games
B．the 2022 Paralympic Winter Games
C．the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Olympic Games
81．What des Bing Dwen Dwen lk like?
A．A panda.B．A masct.C．A red lantern.
82．What clr is Shuey Rhn Rhn?
A．Green.B．Black and white.C．Red.
83．Where is the heart pattern?
A．It is n Bing Dwen Dwen’s left hand.
B．It is n Bing Dwen Dwen’s right hand.
C．It is n Bing Dwen Dwen’s back.
84．What means t welcme friends all ver the wrld t cme t China?
A．Bing Dwen Dwen.B．The heart pattern.C．Shuey Rhn Rhn.
【答案】
80．B 81．A 82．C 83．A 84．B
【导语】
本文介绍了2022年北京冬奥会的吉祥物冰墩墩和残奥会吉祥物雪容融。
【详解】
80．细节理解题。根据“Shuey Rhn Rhn. It is the masct f the Paralympic Winter Games(冬残奥会).”可知雪容融是冬残奥会的吉祥物。故选B。
81．细节理解题。根据“I’m a black and white panda”可知冰墩墩像一个熊猫。故选A。
82．细节理解题。根据“It lks like a red lantern”可知雪容融是红色的，故选C。
83．细节理解题。根据“What is it n my left hand? Haha, it is a heart pattern(心形图案)”可知心形图案在冰墩墩的左手。故选A。
84．细节理解题。根据“it is a heart pattern(心形图案) t welcme friends all ver the wrld t cme t China.”可知这是一个欢迎世界各地朋友来中国的心形图案。故选B。
(九)（2022·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题）
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
A new study fund that lts f kids hate schl. Usually this kind f feeling desn’t last lng. But what will happen if yu feel this way t much? Schl is a fact f life and getting a gd educatin can help yu build the kind f future life yu want. S let’s talk abut schl and what t d when yu dn’t like it.
If yu dn’t like schl, the first step is t find ut why. Yu might nt like schl because yu dn’t have enugh friends, r maybe yu are nt gd with yur teachers. Smetimes there’s a big prblem with yur schlwrk. T many subjects and t much hmewrk make yu wrried. Yu may be getting farther and farther behind, and it may seem like yu’ll never catch up.
When yu knw why yu dn’t like schl, yu can start taking steps t make things better. It’s a gd idea t talk t smene abut yur prblems with schl. Remember, yur mum, dad r teachers can always help yu. Anther gd idea is t write dwn yur feelings abut schl in a ntebk. It’s a great way t let ut emtins（情绪）. Remember, yu dn’t have t share what yu’ve written with thers.
85．Frm the first paragraph, we can knw ________.
A．all the students hate schl
B．there are sme ways t help these students wh hate schl
C．if a student hates schl, he will never like it
86．Accrding t the passage, wh can help the students when they have prblems with schl?
A．Their friends.B．Their teachers.C．Their classmates.
87．What d the underlined wrds “catch up” mean?
A．弥补B．赶上C．纠缠
88．What des the writer’s pinin n getting a gd educatin?
A．It can help students make mre friends.
B．It can make the parents happy.
C．It can help students build the kind f future life they want.
89．If students hate schl, what can they d t slve the prblem?
A．Write dwn their feelings.
B．Share what they’ve written with thers.
C．Keep the prblem t themselves.
【答案】
85．B 86．B 87．B 88．C 89．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了学生厌学的原因，并就如何解决这个问题提出了建议。
【详解】
85．推理判断题。根据“S let’s talk abut schl and what t d when yu dn’t like it.”可知，这篇文章要谈谈如果你不喜欢学校的话，可以做些什么，也就是说，有一些方法可以帮助那些厌学的学生。故选B。
86．细节理解题。根据“Remember, yur mum, dad r teachers can always help yu.”可知，老师能帮助那些学业上有困难的学生。故选B。
87．词句猜测题。根据“Yu may be getting farther and farther behind, and it may seem like yu’ll never catch up.”可知，你可能会越来越落后，看起来好像你永远都赶不上。说明catch up意为“赶上”。故选B。
88．细节理解题。根据“Schl is a fact f life and getting a gd educatin can help yu build the kind f future life yu want.”可知，作者认为，学校是生活的一个事实，接受良好的教育可以帮助学生打造他们想要的未来生活。故选C。
89．细节理解题。根据“Anther gd idea is t write dwn yur feelings abut schl in a ntebk.”可知，如果学生厌学，可以把他们关于学校的感觉记在笔记本里。故选A。
(十)（2022·上海·统考中考真题）
Jane, a reprter, is cllecting infrmatin fr the lcal newspaper. She is interested in the fllwing things intrduced in a magazine.
Smart Schlbag
Frget t pack the bks yu need int yur schlbag in the mrning rush?
A schlby aged 11 has invented a schlbag. It tells yu which bks t pack. A small cmputer and a scanner（扫描装置）are fixed in the bag. As each bk is put int the bag, it is checked by the scanner. If any bk is missing, a message will be shwn n the cmputer screen t remind yu.
Weather Sweets
Can yu eat weather?
A university makes that happen. It uses a 3D printer t create sweets based n the weather infrmatin f a certain day.
The shapes f the sweets are affected by wind speed. The clrs f the sweets are decided by temperature. The sweets act as a weather recrd f the day when they are made.
Sunrise Bed
It’s hard fr yu t get up in the mrning, isn’t it?
T help yu get up, a cmpany has created a “tl” —a sunrise bed.
It wakes yu up gently as a sunrise des. Lights built int the bed turn n and start t get brighter and brighter. When the lights are fully n, sft music will begin t play. It will be luder and luder until yu turn it ff. The cmpany explains, “The gentle light tells yur bdy that it is mrning, s it stps prducing a chemical that helps yu sleep.”
90．The smart schlbag has been invented by ________.
A．a reprterB．a schlbyC．a universityD．a cmpany
91．What can the smart schlbag d?
A．Help yu repair cmputers.B．Tell yu when t pack bks.
C．Teach yu hw t fix screens.D．Remind yu f the missing bks.
92．________ affect(s) the shapes f the weather sweets.
A．ClrsB．Wind speedC．TemperatureD．3D printers
93．Which f the fllwing shws hw a sunrise bed wakes yu up?
A．lights n → music n → lights brighter → music luder
B．music n → music luder → lights n → lights brighter
C．lights n → lights brighter → music n → music luder
D．music n → lights n → music luder → lights brighter
94．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Sunrise Bed refer t?
A．Yur bdy.B．The bed.C．The light.D．Yur rm.
95．In which sectin f the magazine has Jane mst prbably fund the infrmatin?
A．Wnderful fd.B．Future schls.C．Amazing inventins.D．Mdern furniture.
【答案】
90．B 91．D 92．B 93．C 94．A 95．C
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了智能书包、天气糖果、日出的床三项发明。
【详解】
90．细节理解题。根据“A schlby aged 11 has invented a schlbag.”可知，一名11岁的男孩发明了这款智能书包。故选B。
91．细节理解题。根据“If any bk is missing, a message will be shwn n the cmputer screen t remind yu.”可知，这款智能书包可以提醒你忘记放进书包里的书。故选D。
92．细节理解题。根据“The shapes f the sweets are affected by wind speed.”可知，风速影响天气糖果的形状。故选B。
93．细节理解题。根据“Lights built int the bed turn n and start t get brighter and brighter.”及“sft music will begin t play. It will be luder and luder until yu turn it ff.”可知，日出床叫醒人的步骤是：灯先打开，然后灯光变得越来越亮，其次音乐打开，最后音乐的声音越来越大。故选C。
94．推理判断题。根据“The gentle light tells yur bdy that it is mrning, s it stps prducing a chemical that helps yu sleep.”可知，柔和的光线会告诉你的身体现在是早晨，所以身体会停止产生有助于睡眠的化学物质；能产生化学物质的是“你的身体”，故it指代“身体”。故选A。
95．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了三项发明，故在“Amazing inventins”版块可发现此文章。故选C。
(十一)（2022·青海·统考中考真题）
Culture Flying High
Knwn as the birthplace f kites, Weifang in Shandng Prvince has a lng histry f making kites.
Weifang kite-making dates back t 2,000 years ag. At first, they were ften used by the army fr measuring distance and cmmunicatin purpses. During the Ming Dynasty(1368—1644), kites started t be ppular amng rdinary peple as entertainment. Weifang kite-making was included in the natinal-level intangible cultural heritage lists(国家级非物质文化遗产名录) in 2006. Since 1984, the Internatinal Kite Festival has been held in Weifang every year.
Yang Hngwei, 56, is an inheritr(继承人) f the Weifang kite-making art, brn int a kite-making family. “Every time I see the beautiful kites, my bredm and negative feelings g away,” said Yang.
Having a special cnnectin with kites, Yang learned the art frm her grandfather at the age f 16. After practicing the skills fr 10 years, she started her wn shp in 1992. On Yang’s kites, peple can see nt nly cmmn patterns like butterflies and birds, but als sme paintings telling Chinese legends and histry.
Thugh the idea was cl, the prcess was nt easy. “It’s really hard wrk,” Yang added, “but when I explain the stries n the kites t freign custmers, I feel a sense f great achievement.”
In her space time, she als travels t different cuntries including Germany, Australia, the US and New Zealand t tell peple abut Chinese stries seen n kites and the traditinal ways f making kites. “I’m an inheritr f the culture. It is als an imprtant jb f mine t spread the heritage arund the wrld and nt the next generatin,” she said.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
96．When did kites start t be ppular as entertainment?
A．During Ming Dynasty.B．2000 years ag.
C．In 2006.D．In 1984.
97．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us ________.
A．the birthplace f kitesB．the purpses f kites
C．the styles f kitesD．the develpment f kites
98．The underlined wrd “negative” is similar t ________.
A．psitiveB．terribleC．persnalD．jyful
99．Accrding t the passage, what can we knw abut Yang Hngwei?
A．She traveled all ver the wrld.
B．She started her wn shp at the age f 16.
C．She tried her best t spread Chinese culture f kite t the wrld.
D．She was the nly inheritr f the Weifang kite-making art.
100．The passage is written t ________.
A．tell the histry f kites
B．teach us hw t make a kite
C．intrduce an inheritr f Weifang kite-making art
D．describe patterns f kites
【答案】
96．A 97．D 98．B 99．C 100．C
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍风筝的起源以及潍坊风筝制作艺术传承人杨红卫的经历，以及她为传播中华文化做出的努力。
【详解】
96．细节理解题。根据“During the Ming Dynasty(1368—1644), kites started t be ppular amng rdinary peple as entertainment.”可知，在明朝(1368-1644)，风筝开始在普通人中流行作为娱乐。故选A。
97．段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍潍坊风筝制作的发展史，故选D。
98．词句猜测题。分析“Every time I see the beautiful kites, my bredm and negative feelings g away”可知，每当我看到美丽的风筝，我的无聊和负面情绪就消失了。此处negative的意思是“负面的，消极的”。故选B。
99．推理判断题。根据“It is als an imprtant jb f mine t spread the heritage arund the wrld and nt the next generatin”可知，杨红卫表示将这些遗产传播到世界各地，并传给下一代，也是她的一项重要工作。由此推知，她会尽她最大的努力向世界传播中国的风筝文化，故选C。
100．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍风筝的起源以及潍坊风筝制作艺术传承人杨红卫的经历，以及她为传播中华文化做出的努力。选项C“介绍一位潍坊风筝制作艺术传承人”符合主题，故选C。
(十二)（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）
The Fuxing train has started running in suthwest China’s Tibet alng the Lhasa—Nyingchi Railway(拉萨—林芝铁路).
The 435-kilmeter railway links Lhasa and Nyingchi. It is China’s first electrified(电气化的) railrad n the “Rf f the Wrld”. It shrtens the jurney between Lhasa and Nyingchi frm ver five hurs t abut 3.5 hurs.
The new railway cvers an area f 226,000 square kilmeters. It ges thrugh 47 tunnels (隧道) and crsses 121 bridges. The train has a tp speed f 160 kilmeters per hur. It is the fastest train n the high land, but it’s a bit slwer than sme ther Fuxing trains in ur cuntry because f the special envirnment. The railway nt nly makes lcal peple’s life easier, but als brings mre turists t the area.
“The railway trip is s relaxing and fast. The new train has brught ur family members clser than ever befre,” said a teacher wh lives in Nyingchi. She used t drive mre than five hurs frm Nyingchi t Lhasa t visit her parents during the summer vacatin.
Besides carrying passengers, the railway als prvides gd chances fr farmers t sell lcal prducts t mre places. It’s sure t put new energy int Tibet’s ecnmic(经济的) develpment.
101．Hw many hurs des the jurney take between Lhasa and Nyingchi by Fuxing train?
A．Abut 5 hurs.B．Abut 4 hurs.C．Abut 3.5 hurs.D．Abut 1.5 hurs.
102．What’s the tp speed f Fuxing train frm Lhasa t Nyingchi?
A．160 kilmeters per hur.B．121 kilmeters per hur.
C．47 kilmeters per hur.D．160 meters per hur.
103．What des the underlined wrd “shrtens” mean in Chinese?
A．克扣B．下降C．缩短D．缺少
104．What’s special abut the Lhasa—Nyingchi Railway?
A．It cvers a large area.
B．It can carry passengers.
C．The train ges thrugh lts f tunnels and bridges.
D．It’s China’s first electrified railway n the “Rf f the Wrld”.
105．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．The railway trip is nt relaxing r fast.
B．The railway des nt bring mre turists t the area.
C．The train ges thrugh 121 tunnels and 47 bridges.
D．It’s a bit slwer than sme ther Fuxing trains in ur cuntry.
【答案】
101．C 102．A 103．C 104．D 105．D
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍拉萨—林芝铁路的相关信息。
【详解】
101．细节理解题。根据“It shrtens the jurney between Lhasa and Nyingchi frm ver five hurs t abut 3.5 hurs.”可知，它将拉萨和林芝之间的路程从5个多小时缩短到约3.5小时。所以是3.5小时，故选C。
102．细节理解题。根据“The train has a tp speed f 160 kilmeters per hur.”可知，这列火车的最高时速为160公里。故选A。
103．词句猜测题。分析“It shrtens the jurney between Lhasa and Nyingchi frm ver five hurs t abut 3.5 hurs.”可知，它将拉萨和林芝之间的路程从5个多小时缩短到约3.5小时。所以shrtens的意思是“缩短”，故选C。
104．细节理解题。根据“It is China’s first electrified(电气化的) railrad n the ‘Rf f the Wrld’.”可知，它是中国第一条在“世界屋脊”上的电气化铁路。故选D。
105．细节理解题。根据“It is the fastest train n the high land, but it’s a bit slwer than sme ther Fuxing trains in ur cuntry because f the special envirnment.”可知，它是高原上最快的火车，但由于特殊的环境，它比我们国家的一些其他复兴列车要慢一些。故选D。
(十三)（2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题）
If yu want t make yurself happy, then yu shuld knw what t d. Here are sme suggestins fr yu.
Get enugh sleep. Enugh sleep makes yu healthy. A healthy bdy brings yu mre fun. Yu shuld sleep fr 7 t 9 hurs each night. Make sure t g t bed and get up arund the same time every day.
Eat healthy meals. Anther thing yu can make yurself happier is t eat three healthy meals a day. It will prvide yu with energy, and make yu think well. N matter hw busy yu are, be careful f what yu eat. Because it can imprve yur happiness.
Find time t relax. Yu shuld try t give yurself at least 30 minutes a day fr relaxatin. Yu can’t spend every secnd f yur day wrking, r yu’ll feel tired and terrible. Yu may read a magazine, watch TV r talk t yur best friend n the phne t relax yurself.
根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。
106．Accrding t the writer, we shuld sleep fr ________ each night.
A．1 t 2 hursB．3 t 4 hursC．7 t 9 hursD．12 t 15 hurs
107．The writer suggests that we g t bed and get up arund the ________ time every day.
A．earlyB．sameC．differentD．late
108．Healthy meals can prvide us with ________.
A．energyB．sleepC．suggestinsD．ways
109．We may ________ t relax urselves accrding t the writer.
A．eat sme snacksB．have sme drinksC．wrk all dayD．talk t the best friend
110．The writer gives ________ suggestins t make us happy.
A．twB．threeC．furD．five
【答案】
106．C 107．B 108．A 109．D 110．B
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍让自己快乐的几点建议。
【详解】
106．细节理解题。根据“Yu shuld sleep fr 7 t 9 hurs each night.”可知，你每晚应该睡7到9个小时。故选C。
107．细节理解题。根据“Make sure t g t bed and get up arund the same time every day.”可知，确保每天在同一时间睡觉和起床。故选B。
108．细节理解题。根据“It will prvide yu with energy, and make yu think well.”可知，健康饮食会给你提供能量，让你好好思考。故选A。
109．细节理解题。根据“Yu may read a magazine, watch TV r talk t yur best friend n the phne t relax yurself.”可知，你可以读一本杂志，看电视或和你最好的朋友打电话来放松自己。故选D。
110．细节理解题。根据“Get enugh sleep.”，“Eat healthy meals.”和“Find time t relax.”可知，作者给出三点建议。故选B。
(十四)（2022·广西桂林·统考中考真题）
China’s Twenty-fur Slar Terms is cnsidered t be the cuntry’s fifth great inventin. It has been added t UNESCO’s List f Intangible Cultural Heritage (联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录).
The Twenty-fur Slar Terms was invented by ancient Chinese. At that time, mst peple were farmers. They had t learn abut the mvement f the sun in a year and d the farming accrdingly. The Twenty-fur Slar Terms shws the changes f climate, seasns and sme bilgical phenmena (生物现象). Fr example, Rain Water is between February 18th and February 20th. When it cmes, the temperature ges up, snw melts and there will be mre and mre rain. Start f Spring, Start f Summer, Start f Auturmn and Start f Winter are penings f the fur seasns. Awakening f Insects is between arch 5th and March 6th. During this perid, many living things cme ut after a lng winter f silence.
The Twenty-fur Slar Terms shws ancient Chinese peple’s wisdm. Nw it is added t UNESCO’s heritage list. This means that it is accepted and will be accepted by mre and mre peple in the wrld.
根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。
111．Why did ancient Chinese invent the Twenty-fur Slar Terms?
A．Because they wanted t tell the differences f fur seasns.
B．Because they wanted t learn smething abut the sun.
C．Because they wanted t help them d the farming.
D．Because mst f them were farmers.
112．When is Rain Water?
A．It is between February 18th and March 20th.
B．It is between February 18th and February 20th.
C．It is between March 5th and March 6th.
D．It is between March 18th and March 20th.
113．What happens when Awakening f Insects cmes?
A．Summer begins.B．The temperature ges dwn.
C．There will be mre and mre snw.D．The snake cmes ut after a lng winter sleep.
114．Hw many slar terms are mentined in the article?
A．Tw slar terms are mentined.B．Fur slar terms are mentined.
C．Five slar terms are mentined.D．Six slar terms are mentined.
115．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is Nt True?
A．The Twenty-fur Slar Terms shws that ancient Chinese peple were wise.
B．The Twenty-fur Slar Terms is ne f the fur great inventins.
C．The Twenty-fur Slar Terms is added t UNESCO’s heritage list.
D．The Twenty-fur Slar Terms is accepted in the wrld.
【答案】
111．C 112．B 113．D 114．D 115．B
【导语】
本文介绍了中国的24节气被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产，它是中国人发明的，现在已经被世界上越来越多的人接受。
【详解】
111．细节理解题。根据“The Twenty-fur Slar Terms was invented by ancient Chinese. At that time, mst peple were farmers. They had t learn abut the mvement f the sun in a year and d the farming accrdingly. ”可知，古代人发明24节气是为了了解太阳在一年内的运动规律，并据此进行耕作。故选C。
112．细节理解题。根据“Rain Water is between February 18th and February 20th. ”可知，雨水是在2月18日到2月20日之间。故选B。
113．细节理解题。根据“Awakening f Insects is between arch 5th and March 6th. During this perid, many living things cme ut after a lng winter f silence.”可知，惊蛰节在三月五日到三月六日之间。在这段时间里，许多生物在漫长的沉默冬天之后出来了。故选D。
114．细节理解题。通读全文，文中提到了“ Rain Water（雨水）”、“Start f Spring（立春）, Start f Summer（立夏）, Start f Auturmn（立秋） and Start f Winter（立冬）”、“Awakening f Insects（惊蛰）”可知，一共提到了6个节气。故选D。
115．细节理解题。根据“China’s Twenty-fur Slar Terms is cnsidered t be the cuntry’s fifth great inventin. ”可知，二十四节气被认为是中国的第五大发明，而不是四大发明之一，故选B。
(十五)（2022·山东东营·统考中考真题）
D yu knw yu have mre than 600 muscles (肌肉) in yur bdy? These muscles have different jbs. Keeping yur muscles healthy will help yu be able t walk, run, jump and d all the things yu lve t d.
What kind f muscles d yu have
When yu think abut yur muscles, yu prbably think abut the nes yu can cntrl. These are yur vluntary (随意的) muscles. They are cnnected t yur bnes (骨骼) and wrk tgether with yur bnes t help yu walk, run, pick up things r ride a bicycle. The muscles f yur muth and thrat even help yu talk! But there are als muscles yu can’t cntrl. They are yur invluntary (不随意的) muscles, such as yur heart muscle and smth muscles.
Why are healthy muscles imprtant
Healthy muscles let yu mve freely and keep yur bdy strng. They als help t keep yur jints (关节) in gd shape. If the muscles arund yur knee, fr example, get weak, yu will mre prbably injure (伤害) that knee. Healthy muscles als help yu keep yur balance, s yu less prbably fall.
Hw d yu keep yur muscles healthy
·Get at least 60 minutes f physical exercise every day. There are lts f activities yu can d fr yur muscles. Walking, jumping, dancing and swimming are all gd ways.
·Eat healthily. It will help manage yur weight and prvide different kinds f nutrients (营养素) fr yur muscles and health. Fr example, if yu dn’t get enugh irn, yu may feel weak and tired, because yur muscles dn’t get enugh xygen (氧气).
·Prevent injuries. There are many ways t help prevent muscle injuries. Fr example, ding warm-up exercises befre exercising may make the muscles warmer. Dn’t try t “play thrugh the pain.” If smething starts t hurt, STOP exercising r playing. When yu lift smething heavy, keep yur back straight and bend (弯曲) yur knees t lift it. This will prtect the muscles in yur back. Remember t drink lts f water while exercising, especially in warm weather. If yur bdy’s water level gets t lw, yu culd get dizzy (晕眩的) r even pass ut.
116．Which f the fllwing muscles are invluntary muscles?
A．Leg muscles.B．Muth muscles.
C．Thrat muscles.D．Smth muscles.
117．If the muscles arund yur knee are weak, yu culd _________.
A．pass ut B．get dizzy
C．injure the jint there D．feel weak and tired
118．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．If yur legs start t hurt, keep n exercising.
B．Eating healthily can nly manage yur weight.
C．Walking can give yur muscles gd exercise.
D．Lifting heavy things can’t injure yur back muscles.
119．Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined in this passage?
A．Different kinds f muscles.B．The way t treat injured muscles.
C．The way t have healthy muscles.D．The imprtance f healthy muscles.
120．We may find this passage _________.
A．in a health magazineB．n a music websiteC．in a travel newspaperD．in a gegraphy bk
【答案】
116．D 117．C 118．C 119．B 120．A
【导语】
本文介绍了肌肉的相关信息。
【详解】
116．细节理解题。根据“But there are als muscles yu can’t cntrl. They are yur invluntary (不随意的) muscles, such as yur heart muscle and smth muscles.”可知，有你无法控制的肌肉，它们是你的不随意肌，比如你的心脏肌肉和平滑肌，故选D。
117．细节理解题。根据“If the muscles arund yur knee, fr example, get weak, yu will mre prbably injure (伤害) that knee.”可知，如果你膝盖周围的肌肉变得虚弱，你就更有可能伤到膝盖，故选C。
118．推理判断题。根据“Get at least 60 minutes f physical exercise every day. There are lts f activities yu can d fr yur muscles. Walking, jumping, dancing and swimming are all gd ways.”可知，散步也可以很好地锻炼肌肉。故选C。
119．细节理解题。根据“What kind f muscles d yu have”；“Why are healthy muscles imprtant”以及“Hw d yu keep yur muscles healthy”可知，文中没有提到治疗肌肉受伤的方法，故选B。
120．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了肌肉的相关信息。结合选项，文章最可能出现在健康杂志上。故选A。
(十六)（2022·山东青岛·统考中考真题）
Chinese New Year Painting, r nianhua in Chinese, is a kind f traditinal paintings t be put up n walls and windws during the Spring Festival. Its bright clrs and different subjects shw the Chinese great expectatin fr happiness and wealth.
Chinese New Year Painting is an ld handicraft. Its riginal(最初的)frm was a picture f a dr gd during the Tang Dynasty. Later, mre subjects such as the Kitchen Gd, wmen and babies were included. As the Chinese New Year arrives, every family puts up its New Year paintings in rder t say gdbye t the past and welcme the future. One f the mst famus wdblck New Year paintings cmes frm Yangjiabu f Shandng Prvince. It cvers all kinds f themes and frms. They reflect peple’s everyday life.
As time went by, peple fund New Year paintings ld-fashined. Besides, they cnsidered the dr gd t scary t hang in their hmes. They wanted smething mre artistic. S in the middle f the 1980s, the sales f New Year paintings drpped greatly.
Usually, clrful wdblck New Year paintings are prduced in fur steps. Firstly, artists draw a simple sketch(素描)n the paper. Secndly, they make the simple sketch n the wd bard and print a few samples(样品). Thirdly, they add clr t the sample. Lastly, when the preparatin is finished, the printers paint clr n the clr bard, and then put paper n the wd bard and brush the paper. Then the clrful wdblck New Year paintings are ready.
There are fur main themes in the Chinese New Year paintings…
121．Which is the first frm f Chinese New Year Painting?
A．A picture f babies.B．A picture f a dr gd.
C．A picture f wmen.D．A picture f the Kitchen Gd.
122．Why did fewer and fewer peple buy Chinese New Year paintings in the middle f the 1980s? Because peple ________.
A．wanted smething that was full f artB．fund New Year paintings unimprtant
C．thught the dr gd culdn’t bring gd luck
D．fund it hard t prduce New Year paintings
123．What des paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A．Hw artists add clr t the sample.
B．What wdblck New Year paintings reflect.
C．Hw artists prduce clrful wdblck New Year paintings.
D．Wh makes the simple sketch n the wd bard and the paper.
124．In which part f a magazine can yu read this text?
A．Culture.B．Nature.C．Educatin.D．Health.
125．What will the writer prbably write next?
A．The histry f Chinese New Year Painting.
B．The develpment f Chinese New Year Painting.
C．The prcess f creating Chinese New Year Painting.
D．The intrductin t main themes f Chinese New Year Painting.
【答案】
121．B 122．A 123．C 124．A 125．D
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国年画以及年画的发展过程。
【详解】
121．细节理解题。根据“Chinese New Year Painting is an ld handicraft. Its riginal (最初的) frm was a picture f a dr gd during the Tang Dynasty.”可知中国年画的第一种形式是一幅门神的画。故选B。
122．细节理解题。根据“As time went by, peple fund New Year paintings ld-fashined. Besides, they cnsidered the dr gd t scary t hang in their hmes. They wanted smething mre artistic. S in the middle f the 1980s, the sales f New Year paintings drpped greatly.”（随着时间的推移，人们发现年画已经过时了。此外，他们认为门神太可怕了，不能挂在家里。他们想要更艺术的东西。所以在20世纪80年代中期，年画的销量大幅下降。）可知是因为人们想要充满艺术的东西，故选A。
123．细节理解题。根据“Usually, clrful wdblck New Year paintings are prduced in fur steps”（通常，彩色木版年画分四步制作。）可知第四段讲述的是艺术家们如何制作彩色木版年画。故选C。
124．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国年画以及年画的发展过程。所以文章可能在杂志的文化部分看到。故选A。
125．推理判断题。根据“There are fur main themes in the Chinese New Year painting”（中国年画有四大主题）可推知接下来文章要介绍中国年画的主要主题。故选D。
(十七)（2022·辽宁鞍山·统考中考真题）
During the cld winter, we usually catch a cld, have a fever r a cugh. There are sme cmmn and great ways that yu can fllw t keep yurself away frm these prblems.
Never leave yur huse withut warm clthes. It might be sunny in the mrning r daytime but it is getting clder as the sun sets. S make sure yu have a sweater r a cat fr the clder night.
Dn’t walk withut shes in yur huse. We have a habit f staying bare feet at hme. The cld passes frm feet t head in n time and that is why we need t wear shes t stay away frm the cld.
Drinking ginger tea helps yur bdy get warm during the clder days. Drinking green tea keeps yur bdy healthy and slves many health prblems. Green tea is even gd fr thse wh want t get thinner.
Still if yu catch a cld, d nt let the cld build up in yur bdy. It’s better t take quick actin against the cld thrugh prper exercise. D sme warm-up exercise in the mrning r rub （摩擦）yur hands quickly. Jgging（慢跑）r yga als helps yur bdy becme warm t stay away frm the cld and fever.
Fllw these simple ways, and yu’ll enjy the winter greatly.
126．During the cld winter, yu may NOT ________ accrding t Paragraph 1.
A．catch a cldB．have a cughC．have a headacheD．have a fever
127．The underlined wrd “bare” means “________” in Chinese.
A．基本的B．赤裸的C．空洞的D．干净的
128．Hw can yu stay away frm the cld in winter?
A．By wearing beautiful clthes.B．By eating well.
C．By walking utside ften.D．By ding exercise prperly.
129．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Yu need t wear a cat fr the clder night when leaving yur huse.
B．We may drink green tea t get fatter.
C．Yu can make yur bdy cld by jgging r ding yga.
D．We shuld d sme exercise in the evening when catching a cld.
130．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Hw t lse weight in the cld winter.
B．Hw t have a gd eating habit.
C．What t d t stay away frm the cld and fever.
D．When and where t keep warm in the cld winter.
【答案】
126．C 127．B 128．D 129．A 130．C
【导语】
本文主要讲述了怎样做才能远离感冒和发烧。
【详解】
126．细节理解题。根据“During the cld winter, we usually catch a cld, have a fever r a cugh.”可知在寒冷的冬天，我们通常会感冒、发烧或咳嗽，可能不会头疼，故选C。
127．词义猜测题。根据“Dn’t walk withut shes in yur huse.”可知不要在家里不穿鞋走路，也就是赤裸着脚，故选B。
128．细节理解题。根据“D sme warm-up exercise in the mrning r rub （摩擦）yur hands quickly. Jgging（慢跑）r yga als helps yur bdy becme warm t stay away frm the cld and fever.”（早上做一些热身运动或快速搓手。慢跑或瑜珈也能帮助你的身体变得温暖，远离寒冷和发烧。）可知通过适当的运动可以远离寒冷，故选D。
129．细节理解题。根据“S make sure yu have a sweater r a cat fr the clder night”可知在天冷的晚上外出，要穿着温暖的衣服。A选项描述正确。故选A。
130．主旨大意题。根据“During the cld winter, we usually catch a cld, have a fever r a cugh. There are sme cmmn and great ways that yu can fllw t keep yurself away frm these prblems.”可知本文主要讲述了怎样做才能远离感冒和发烧。故选C。