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第05讲 任务型阅读之补全句子、补全短文、信息摘录和多任务混合（课件）- 2024年中考英语一轮复习课件（全国通用）
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这是一份第05讲 任务型阅读之补全句子、补全短文、信息摘录和多任务混合（课件）- 2024年中考英语一轮复习课件（全国通用），共43页。PPT课件主要包含了中考英语一轮复习策略，中考一轮复习讲练测，复习目标，网络构建，知识梳理题型归纳，真题感悟，PART ONE，夯基·必备基础知识，考查方式及解题技巧，阅读填表命题方式等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1、抓基础、重应用、强化词句的积累和运用。要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。
第05讲 任务型阅读之补全句子、补全短文、信息摘录和多任务混合
1.掌握补全句子、补全短文、信息摘录和多任务混合考查方式2.明确补全句子、补全短文、信息摘录和多任务混合解题技巧
题型特点1. 命题灵活，题型多样。一般阅读理解题型多采用选择题，题型单一。任务型阅读题则可以通过一篇短文或一幅图表要求学生完成多项任务，命题人可以随心所欲地设计出多种题型，考查学生多方面的能力。
2. 贴近生活，凸显交际。任务型阅读重在考查用英语解决实际问题的能力，学生需在任务的引导下开展阅读，其问题设置不仅具有真实性、情境性，而且也体现出一定的开放性。这样的设问形式贴近学生使用语言的现实生活情景，学生完成任务的过程既是分析问题、解决问题的过程，也是运用语言进行交际的过程。
3. 读写结合，重视输出。任务型阅读改变了过去阅读理解单向的信息输入，侧重主动的信息输出，要求学生整合短文中的相关信息，然后根据题目要求回答问题或完成图表，综合性很强。 4. 语言精练，高度概括。任务型阅读题目要求学生填表或给文章拟标题时一般都有一定的字数限制，要求学生在正确把握原文的基础上，充分运用自己所学语言，重新整合信息，运用规范、概括的文字准确无误地表达出来。
综观近年来这几类的任务型阅读题，我们可以归纳出以下五类考点：1. 中心归纳题中心归纳题属于综合概括题，主要位于表格的标题处。这类题要求考生在弄懂全文的内容后，抓住文章的中心，然后对中心进行高度浓缩、概括，从而成为统领全文的标题。由于词数被限制在几个单词以内，因此这类题难度较大。考生必须具备对文章进行综合分析、归纳概括以及准确表达的能力。这类试题在考题中通常只占1题。
2. 段意概括题段意概括题属于分析表达题，主要位于表格的左边栏。这类题主要考查考生对文章体裁、结构的认识及用语言文字的表达能力。如果文章是说明文，那么它的主题是什么？它的目的是什么？作者用什么方式、从哪几个方面进行介绍、说明的？作者通过介绍、说明得出了什么样的结论？作者提出了什么样的建议或希望？如果文章是议论文，那么文章的论点是什么？
作者用什么方法、从哪些方面进行论证的？最后得出了什么样的结论？对于考生来说，这类试题有一定的难度，考生必须平时注意对文章进行分析，同时还应多熟记一些概括性的词汇，如：purpse/aim/gal; tpic/theme; suggestin/advice; type/kind; way/means/methd; effect/result; cause/reasn; feature/characteristic; functin/use; cmment/assessment等。这类试题在考题中一般占2―3题。
3. 功能理解题功能理解题属于理解表达题。这类题主要考查考生对句子、信息在文章中所起作用的理解。考生不能只停留在对句子字面意思的理解，而应该透过现象抓住句子、信息的本质，即它与前后信息的联系，它们之间究竟是什么样的关系，如因果、条件、让步、比较等。这类试题在考题中通常占2―3题。
4. 信息压缩及改写题信息压缩及改写题属于活用题。考生只要通读全文，就能在文章中找到与试题相关的信息，但是由于所给的信息往往过长，考生必须对这些信息进行再次加工，将信息压缩、改写成不超过三个单词的短语。如The by is eight years ld这一信息可考虑改写为an eight-year-ld by。这类试题在考题中占2—3题。
5. 信息获取题信息获取题属于基础题。考生一边阅读文章就能一边从文章中直接找出试题的相关信息，并且不需要任何加工就可将它直接作为试题的答案。这类试题在考题中占2―3题。
★ 标题归纳 文章标题的归纳，一要关注文章的核心及高频词汇，二要根据主题句提炼主题。1. 阅读文章时，要注意文中反复出现或强调的信息，因而要在文中寻找覆盖全文的核心词汇或句子，或寻找与文章大部分内容相关的信息。2. 寻找文章的主题句是解答标题归纳题的核心，主题句一般位于文章首末段或分散于各个段落中，需要考生加以总结提炼，得出答案。
真题感悟 一、信息摘录
（2021·四川绵阳·统考中考真题） Yu can read up yur favrite skatebard star, email r test yur friends. Yu can d a lt f wnderful things nline. That’s why the Internet is amazing! If yu’re a kid wh likes t have fun and chat with friends nline, here’re the things yu need t watch carefully in rder t stay safe and avid prblems. Nt all websites are safe fr students. Luckily, yur parents can guide yu t sme websites. And yu can als visit the websites yur teachers suggest. Stick t these safe websites and dn’t g ut t try smething new. Sme websites dn’t allw kids under a certain age t visit them. Yu may find it inviting and fun t lie abut yur age. It’s safer t tell the truth and avid thse websites until yu’re lder.
The lss f Internet ID can cause big prblems. S it is imprtant t make yur Internet ID safe. If smene can get n the Internet in yur username, yu have n cntrl ver what they d r say. And everyne will think it’s yu! S dn’t ever let anyne knw yur username fr the Internet. And dn’t share yur passwrds with anyne except yur parents.
Take gd care f yur private infrmatin. Never tell an nline stranger where yu live. Yur address can make it much easier fr bad peple t find yu. Yur phne number is anther imprtant piece f persnal infrmatin. Once it’s ut nline, it can bring yu a lt f truble. Many nline cheatings are carried ut with the help f peple’s phne numbers. Yur parents’ names are als private infrmatin. It is risky if they are let ut nline.
【答案】1．websites 2．private infrmatin 3．teachers’ suggestins 4．username 5．parents’ names【分析】本文是主要介绍了一些在上网时需要注意的事情。1．根据“Nt all websites are safe fr students”可知，本段主要围绕“网址”介绍需要注意的事情，故填websites。2．根据“Take gd care f yur private infrmatin”可知，保护好私人信息，故填private infrmatin。
3．根据“And yu can als visit the websites yur teachers suggest”可知，可以登录老师建议的这些网址，故填teachers’ suggestins。4．根据“ S dn’t ever let anyne knw yur username fr the Internet”可知，不要让任何人知道自己的用户名，故填username。5．根据“Yur parents’ names are als private infrmatin”可知，父母的姓名也是私人信息，故填parents’ names。
真题感悟 （二）补全句子
（2023·黑龙江大庆·统考中考真题）“It can’t be dne.” Byan Slat heard this ver and ver when he first suggested a way t clean up millins f tns f plastic plluting ur ceans.Slat was n a diving（潜水）trip in Greece three years ag when he was trubled by plastic. “There were mre plastic bags than fishes,” he says. “That mment I realized it was a huge prblem and that envirnmental prblems are really the biggest prblems we will face.”
That fall, Slat, then 17, decided t study plastic pllutin as part f a high schl prject. Sn, Slat learned that n ne had yet thught f useful ways t clean up all the rubbish. Mst peple wanted t “fish” up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need mre than 1,000 years, cst t much, and leave sea life alng with the rubbish. Slat decided t avid these prblems: a slar-pwered system（太阳能系统）using a mving plastic tube（管）which will g arund the rubbish and cllect it. Wind and waves will push the rubbish t the tube. A ship will pick up the rubbish and take it back t the land.
Slat rganized a team f vlunteers fr the Ocean Cleanup, which has abut 100 members. Over the next three t fur years, Slat will cntinue t test whether his prject is gd enugh r nt. Use wrds with prper meanings and grammatical rules t fill in the blanks. (Only ne wrd fr ne blank.)
6．Slat first suggested cleaning up millins f tns f _____ t stp_______the cean.7．When Slat was diving in Greece, he fund there were_______ fishes_______plastic bags.8．“Fishing” up the plastic might need a _______time and_______t much.9．Slat hped the rubbish wuld be pushed t the tube by _______and_______ .10．It will _______Slat and his team ver three t fur years t test _______ his prject is gd enugh r nt.
【答案】6． plastic/plastics plluting 7． fewer than 8． lng cst 9． wind/waves waves/wind 10． take whether【导语】本文主要叙述了博扬·斯莱特成立了“海洋清理”组织来清理海洋垃圾的故事。6．根据“Byan Slat heard this ver and ver when he first suggested a way t clean up millins f tns f plastic plluting ur ceans.”可知，博扬·斯莱特第一次提出一种清理海洋的数百万吨塑料来阻止污染海洋。“塑料”可用plastic或plastics来表示，动词短语stp ding sth意为“阻止做某事”，“污染”是动词pllute，其动名词为plluting。故填plastic/plastics；plluting。
7．根据“Slat was n a diving（潜水）trip in Greece three years ag when he was trubled by plastic. ‘There were mre plastic bags than fishes,’ he says.”可知，三年前，斯莱特在希腊潜水时，受到了塑料的困扰。“塑料袋比鱼还多，”他说。说明鱼比塑料少，应用fewer…than表示“比……更少”。故填fewer；than。8．根据“Mst peple wanted t ‘fish’ up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need mre than 1,000 years, cst t much, and leave sea life alng with the rubbish.”可知，大多数人想用带网的船来“打捞”塑料，这可能需要1000多年的时间，成本太高，并留下海洋生物和垃圾。说明“打捞”塑料可能需要很长时间，而且成本太高。应用形容词lng“长的”修饰名词time，情态动词might后接动词原形，因此应用动词cst的原形来表示“花费（金钱）”。故填lng；cst。
9．根据“Wind and waves will push the rubbish t the tube.”可知，风和浪会把垃圾推到管子里。故填wind/waves；waves/wind。10．根据“Over the next three t fur years, Slat will cntinue t test whether his prject is gd enugh r nt.”可知，在接下来的三到四年里，斯莱特将继续测试他的项目是否足够好。根据“It will”可知此处应用动词原形take来表示“花费（时间）”，根据“r nt”可知第二空应填入whether。故填take；whether。
真题感悟 (三）补全短文
（2022·山西·统考中考真题）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词，每空一词。China impresses the wrld in the year 2022. In the past mnths, we have seen several imprtant events that shwed the wrld a strng China. Here we take a lk back at them.The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games clsed n February 20. Themed “Tgether fr a Shared Future”, the Games drew attentin f the wrld successfully. Athletes (运动员)
cmpeted bravely n the ice and snw, achieving their dreams. They encuraged peple arund the wrld with their spirits. Behind stage, Chinese fd and culture impressed internatinal athletes. Many shared phts and vides f their life n scial media, telling Chinese stries t the wrld. Beijing 2022 gave the wrld a windw n China.While Beijing 2022 reflects rich Chinese culture, the great prgress in science and technlgy shws the ability t innvate (创新). On April 16, China welcmed three heric astrnauts hme. After flying arund Earth fr six mnths, they came back hme safely.
During the stay in space, they gave lively science lessns frm the Tiangng space statin. That made millins f children fall in lve with space science. What’s mre, n June 5, the Shenzhu XIV spacecraft rse int space and anther three astrnauts were sent int the space statin. They will make a further step in the explratin (探索) f space.All these great achievements shw the pwer f China. We’re prud f ur cuntry. We strngly believe that China will surely mve frward t an even brighter future.
完成短文China impresses the wrld in the year 2022. And the wrld sees a 11 China. Beijing held the 2022 Winter Olympic Games successfully. Athletes cmpeted bravely and 12 peple arund the wrld. Besides, they tld Chinese stries n scial media. That let the wrld knw mre abut Chinese fd and 13 . China als keeps innvating in science and technlgy. On April 16, three heric astrnauts returned hme 14 . The lively lessns they gave frm space rse children’s interest in space science. With the Shenzhu XIV rising int space n June 5, China will cntinue with a further space explratin. As Chinese, we feel 15 f ur cuntry fr all these great achievements. We believe China will have an even brighter future.
【答案】11．strng 12．encuraged 13．culture 14．safely 15．prud【导语】本文向我们展示了中国近期实现的伟大成就，显示了中国的力量。11．根据“In the past mnths, we have seen several imprtant events that shwed the wrld a strng China.”可知，在过去的几个月里，我们看到了一些向世界展示中国强大的重要事件。故填strng。12．根据“They encuraged peple arund the wrld with their spirits.”可知，他们用自己的精神鼓励世界各地的人们。故填encuraged。
13．根据“Behind stage, Chinese fd and culture impressed internatinal athletes.”可知，中国的饮食和文化给国际运动员留下了深刻的印象。故填culture。14．根据“After flying arund Earth fr six mnths, they came back hme safely.”可知，在绕地球飞行了六个月之后，他们安全回到了家。故填safely。15．根据“We’re prud f ur cuntry.”可知，我们为我们的国家感到骄傲。故填prud。
真题感悟 （四）多任务混合
（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）In the castal city f Laguna in Brazil, there is a special fishing team. (A) ________ is made up f fishermen and dlphins (海豚)! They cperate (合作) t catch fish.Maurici Cantr frm Oregn State University, US, studied this relatinship. As he tld Science News Explres, (B) they started t wrk as a team mre than 100 years ag.
“The dlphins are really gd at finding fish in dirty water and driving them t the cast,” Cantr said. “The fishermen are really gd at catching the fish with their nets.” Once the fish are caught in the nets, dlphins can mve in and get sme fr themselves. ①Cantr’s study described hw fishermen and dlphins give cues (信号) t each ther during fishing. When dlphins find fish, they drive them t the cast. After that, they arch (拱起) their backs in frnt f the fishermen t tell them t get nets ready. ② Fishermen may wait fr a lng time (C) 如果他们失去最好的机会. Therefre, they shuld be well-trained t understand the cues frm dlphins.
The study fund that fishermen are 17 times mre likely (可能的) t catch fish by wrking with dlphins. ③ At the same time, cperative dlphins have 13 % higher survival rates (生存率) (D) ________ ther dlphins.Human-animal partnerships have been uncmmn thrughut histry. But they give us an idea f hw psitive ur human cperatin can be with nature.
16．在文中(A)和(D)的空白处填入适当的单词：________ ；_________ 17．将文中画线部分(B)改写为：they started t wrk _________ mre than a _________ag.18．将文中画线部分(C)译成英语：_________ 19．将 “Fishermen will then thrw the nets right away.” 填入文中，①②③三处中最佳的位置是：_________ 20．从文中找出海豚擅长做的两件事： _________ ； _________
【答案】16． It than 17． tgether/cperatively century 18．if they lse the/their best chance/pprtunity 19．② 20． finding fish (in dirty water) driving them/fish (t the cast)【导语】本文主要介绍了渔民和海豚合作捕鱼的事情。16．根据“In the castal city f Laguna in Brazil, there is a special fishing team. (A) ... is made up f fishermen and dlphins!”可知(A)处用it指代上文提到过的特殊捕鱼队，句子开头首字母大写；根据“At the same time, cperative dlphins have 13 % higher survival rates (D) ... ther dlphins.”可知是合作的海豚存活率比其他海豚高，形成对比，用than表示“比”。故填It；than。
17．根据“they started t wrk as a team mre than 100 years ag”可知是开始一起工作，as a team可用tgether或cperatively替换；100年是一个世纪，a后接名词century表示“世纪”。故填tgether/cperatively；century。18．“如果”if；“他们”they；“失去最后的机会”lse the/their best chance/pprtunity。根据上下文可知用一般现在时。故填if they lse the/their best chance/pprtunity。
19．“Fishermen will then thrw the nets right away.”意为“渔民们会立刻把网扔掉”，结合“After that, they arch their backs in frnt f the fishermen t tell them t get nets ready.”可知渔民收到海豚发出的信号后会及时撒网捕鱼。故填②。20．根据“When dlphins find fish, they drive them t the cast.”可知海豚擅长找到鱼和驱赶鱼。故填finding fish (in dirty water)；driving them/fish (t the cast)。
1、抓基础、重应用、强化词句的积累和运用。要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。
第05讲 任务型阅读之补全句子、补全短文、信息摘录和多任务混合
1.掌握补全句子、补全短文、信息摘录和多任务混合考查方式2.明确补全句子、补全短文、信息摘录和多任务混合解题技巧
题型特点1. 命题灵活，题型多样。一般阅读理解题型多采用选择题，题型单一。任务型阅读题则可以通过一篇短文或一幅图表要求学生完成多项任务，命题人可以随心所欲地设计出多种题型，考查学生多方面的能力。
2. 贴近生活，凸显交际。任务型阅读重在考查用英语解决实际问题的能力，学生需在任务的引导下开展阅读，其问题设置不仅具有真实性、情境性，而且也体现出一定的开放性。这样的设问形式贴近学生使用语言的现实生活情景，学生完成任务的过程既是分析问题、解决问题的过程，也是运用语言进行交际的过程。
3. 读写结合，重视输出。任务型阅读改变了过去阅读理解单向的信息输入，侧重主动的信息输出，要求学生整合短文中的相关信息，然后根据题目要求回答问题或完成图表，综合性很强。 4. 语言精练，高度概括。任务型阅读题目要求学生填表或给文章拟标题时一般都有一定的字数限制，要求学生在正确把握原文的基础上，充分运用自己所学语言，重新整合信息，运用规范、概括的文字准确无误地表达出来。
综观近年来这几类的任务型阅读题，我们可以归纳出以下五类考点：1. 中心归纳题中心归纳题属于综合概括题，主要位于表格的标题处。这类题要求考生在弄懂全文的内容后，抓住文章的中心，然后对中心进行高度浓缩、概括，从而成为统领全文的标题。由于词数被限制在几个单词以内，因此这类题难度较大。考生必须具备对文章进行综合分析、归纳概括以及准确表达的能力。这类试题在考题中通常只占1题。
2. 段意概括题段意概括题属于分析表达题，主要位于表格的左边栏。这类题主要考查考生对文章体裁、结构的认识及用语言文字的表达能力。如果文章是说明文，那么它的主题是什么？它的目的是什么？作者用什么方式、从哪几个方面进行介绍、说明的？作者通过介绍、说明得出了什么样的结论？作者提出了什么样的建议或希望？如果文章是议论文，那么文章的论点是什么？
作者用什么方法、从哪些方面进行论证的？最后得出了什么样的结论？对于考生来说，这类试题有一定的难度，考生必须平时注意对文章进行分析，同时还应多熟记一些概括性的词汇，如：purpse/aim/gal; tpic/theme; suggestin/advice; type/kind; way/means/methd; effect/result; cause/reasn; feature/characteristic; functin/use; cmment/assessment等。这类试题在考题中一般占2―3题。
3. 功能理解题功能理解题属于理解表达题。这类题主要考查考生对句子、信息在文章中所起作用的理解。考生不能只停留在对句子字面意思的理解，而应该透过现象抓住句子、信息的本质，即它与前后信息的联系，它们之间究竟是什么样的关系，如因果、条件、让步、比较等。这类试题在考题中通常占2―3题。
4. 信息压缩及改写题信息压缩及改写题属于活用题。考生只要通读全文，就能在文章中找到与试题相关的信息，但是由于所给的信息往往过长，考生必须对这些信息进行再次加工，将信息压缩、改写成不超过三个单词的短语。如The by is eight years ld这一信息可考虑改写为an eight-year-ld by。这类试题在考题中占2—3题。
5. 信息获取题信息获取题属于基础题。考生一边阅读文章就能一边从文章中直接找出试题的相关信息，并且不需要任何加工就可将它直接作为试题的答案。这类试题在考题中占2―3题。
★ 标题归纳 文章标题的归纳，一要关注文章的核心及高频词汇，二要根据主题句提炼主题。1. 阅读文章时，要注意文中反复出现或强调的信息，因而要在文中寻找覆盖全文的核心词汇或句子，或寻找与文章大部分内容相关的信息。2. 寻找文章的主题句是解答标题归纳题的核心，主题句一般位于文章首末段或分散于各个段落中，需要考生加以总结提炼，得出答案。
真题感悟 一、信息摘录
（2021·四川绵阳·统考中考真题） Yu can read up yur favrite skatebard star, email r test yur friends. Yu can d a lt f wnderful things nline. That’s why the Internet is amazing! If yu’re a kid wh likes t have fun and chat with friends nline, here’re the things yu need t watch carefully in rder t stay safe and avid prblems. Nt all websites are safe fr students. Luckily, yur parents can guide yu t sme websites. And yu can als visit the websites yur teachers suggest. Stick t these safe websites and dn’t g ut t try smething new. Sme websites dn’t allw kids under a certain age t visit them. Yu may find it inviting and fun t lie abut yur age. It’s safer t tell the truth and avid thse websites until yu’re lder.
The lss f Internet ID can cause big prblems. S it is imprtant t make yur Internet ID safe. If smene can get n the Internet in yur username, yu have n cntrl ver what they d r say. And everyne will think it’s yu! S dn’t ever let anyne knw yur username fr the Internet. And dn’t share yur passwrds with anyne except yur parents.
Take gd care f yur private infrmatin. Never tell an nline stranger where yu live. Yur address can make it much easier fr bad peple t find yu. Yur phne number is anther imprtant piece f persnal infrmatin. Once it’s ut nline, it can bring yu a lt f truble. Many nline cheatings are carried ut with the help f peple’s phne numbers. Yur parents’ names are als private infrmatin. It is risky if they are let ut nline.
【答案】1．websites 2．private infrmatin 3．teachers’ suggestins 4．username 5．parents’ names【分析】本文是主要介绍了一些在上网时需要注意的事情。1．根据“Nt all websites are safe fr students”可知，本段主要围绕“网址”介绍需要注意的事情，故填websites。2．根据“Take gd care f yur private infrmatin”可知，保护好私人信息，故填private infrmatin。
3．根据“And yu can als visit the websites yur teachers suggest”可知，可以登录老师建议的这些网址，故填teachers’ suggestins。4．根据“ S dn’t ever let anyne knw yur username fr the Internet”可知，不要让任何人知道自己的用户名，故填username。5．根据“Yur parents’ names are als private infrmatin”可知，父母的姓名也是私人信息，故填parents’ names。
真题感悟 （二）补全句子
（2023·黑龙江大庆·统考中考真题）“It can’t be dne.” Byan Slat heard this ver and ver when he first suggested a way t clean up millins f tns f plastic plluting ur ceans.Slat was n a diving（潜水）trip in Greece three years ag when he was trubled by plastic. “There were mre plastic bags than fishes,” he says. “That mment I realized it was a huge prblem and that envirnmental prblems are really the biggest prblems we will face.”
That fall, Slat, then 17, decided t study plastic pllutin as part f a high schl prject. Sn, Slat learned that n ne had yet thught f useful ways t clean up all the rubbish. Mst peple wanted t “fish” up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need mre than 1,000 years, cst t much, and leave sea life alng with the rubbish. Slat decided t avid these prblems: a slar-pwered system（太阳能系统）using a mving plastic tube（管）which will g arund the rubbish and cllect it. Wind and waves will push the rubbish t the tube. A ship will pick up the rubbish and take it back t the land.
Slat rganized a team f vlunteers fr the Ocean Cleanup, which has abut 100 members. Over the next three t fur years, Slat will cntinue t test whether his prject is gd enugh r nt. Use wrds with prper meanings and grammatical rules t fill in the blanks. (Only ne wrd fr ne blank.)
6．Slat first suggested cleaning up millins f tns f _____ t stp_______the cean.7．When Slat was diving in Greece, he fund there were_______ fishes_______plastic bags.8．“Fishing” up the plastic might need a _______time and_______t much.9．Slat hped the rubbish wuld be pushed t the tube by _______and_______ .10．It will _______Slat and his team ver three t fur years t test _______ his prject is gd enugh r nt.
【答案】6． plastic/plastics plluting 7． fewer than 8． lng cst 9． wind/waves waves/wind 10． take whether【导语】本文主要叙述了博扬·斯莱特成立了“海洋清理”组织来清理海洋垃圾的故事。6．根据“Byan Slat heard this ver and ver when he first suggested a way t clean up millins f tns f plastic plluting ur ceans.”可知，博扬·斯莱特第一次提出一种清理海洋的数百万吨塑料来阻止污染海洋。“塑料”可用plastic或plastics来表示，动词短语stp ding sth意为“阻止做某事”，“污染”是动词pllute，其动名词为plluting。故填plastic/plastics；plluting。
7．根据“Slat was n a diving（潜水）trip in Greece three years ag when he was trubled by plastic. ‘There were mre plastic bags than fishes,’ he says.”可知，三年前，斯莱特在希腊潜水时，受到了塑料的困扰。“塑料袋比鱼还多，”他说。说明鱼比塑料少，应用fewer…than表示“比……更少”。故填fewer；than。8．根据“Mst peple wanted t ‘fish’ up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need mre than 1,000 years, cst t much, and leave sea life alng with the rubbish.”可知，大多数人想用带网的船来“打捞”塑料，这可能需要1000多年的时间，成本太高，并留下海洋生物和垃圾。说明“打捞”塑料可能需要很长时间，而且成本太高。应用形容词lng“长的”修饰名词time，情态动词might后接动词原形，因此应用动词cst的原形来表示“花费（金钱）”。故填lng；cst。
9．根据“Wind and waves will push the rubbish t the tube.”可知，风和浪会把垃圾推到管子里。故填wind/waves；waves/wind。10．根据“Over the next three t fur years, Slat will cntinue t test whether his prject is gd enugh r nt.”可知，在接下来的三到四年里，斯莱特将继续测试他的项目是否足够好。根据“It will”可知此处应用动词原形take来表示“花费（时间）”，根据“r nt”可知第二空应填入whether。故填take；whether。
真题感悟 (三）补全短文
（2022·山西·统考中考真题）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词，每空一词。China impresses the wrld in the year 2022. In the past mnths, we have seen several imprtant events that shwed the wrld a strng China. Here we take a lk back at them.The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games clsed n February 20. Themed “Tgether fr a Shared Future”, the Games drew attentin f the wrld successfully. Athletes (运动员)
cmpeted bravely n the ice and snw, achieving their dreams. They encuraged peple arund the wrld with their spirits. Behind stage, Chinese fd and culture impressed internatinal athletes. Many shared phts and vides f their life n scial media, telling Chinese stries t the wrld. Beijing 2022 gave the wrld a windw n China.While Beijing 2022 reflects rich Chinese culture, the great prgress in science and technlgy shws the ability t innvate (创新). On April 16, China welcmed three heric astrnauts hme. After flying arund Earth fr six mnths, they came back hme safely.
During the stay in space, they gave lively science lessns frm the Tiangng space statin. That made millins f children fall in lve with space science. What’s mre, n June 5, the Shenzhu XIV spacecraft rse int space and anther three astrnauts were sent int the space statin. They will make a further step in the explratin (探索) f space.All these great achievements shw the pwer f China. We’re prud f ur cuntry. We strngly believe that China will surely mve frward t an even brighter future.
完成短文China impresses the wrld in the year 2022. And the wrld sees a 11 China. Beijing held the 2022 Winter Olympic Games successfully. Athletes cmpeted bravely and 12 peple arund the wrld. Besides, they tld Chinese stries n scial media. That let the wrld knw mre abut Chinese fd and 13 . China als keeps innvating in science and technlgy. On April 16, three heric astrnauts returned hme 14 . The lively lessns they gave frm space rse children’s interest in space science. With the Shenzhu XIV rising int space n June 5, China will cntinue with a further space explratin. As Chinese, we feel 15 f ur cuntry fr all these great achievements. We believe China will have an even brighter future.
【答案】11．strng 12．encuraged 13．culture 14．safely 15．prud【导语】本文向我们展示了中国近期实现的伟大成就，显示了中国的力量。11．根据“In the past mnths, we have seen several imprtant events that shwed the wrld a strng China.”可知，在过去的几个月里，我们看到了一些向世界展示中国强大的重要事件。故填strng。12．根据“They encuraged peple arund the wrld with their spirits.”可知，他们用自己的精神鼓励世界各地的人们。故填encuraged。
13．根据“Behind stage, Chinese fd and culture impressed internatinal athletes.”可知，中国的饮食和文化给国际运动员留下了深刻的印象。故填culture。14．根据“After flying arund Earth fr six mnths, they came back hme safely.”可知，在绕地球飞行了六个月之后，他们安全回到了家。故填safely。15．根据“We’re prud f ur cuntry.”可知，我们为我们的国家感到骄傲。故填prud。
真题感悟 （四）多任务混合
（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）In the castal city f Laguna in Brazil, there is a special fishing team. (A) ________ is made up f fishermen and dlphins (海豚)! They cperate (合作) t catch fish.Maurici Cantr frm Oregn State University, US, studied this relatinship. As he tld Science News Explres, (B) they started t wrk as a team mre than 100 years ag.
“The dlphins are really gd at finding fish in dirty water and driving them t the cast,” Cantr said. “The fishermen are really gd at catching the fish with their nets.” Once the fish are caught in the nets, dlphins can mve in and get sme fr themselves. ①Cantr’s study described hw fishermen and dlphins give cues (信号) t each ther during fishing. When dlphins find fish, they drive them t the cast. After that, they arch (拱起) their backs in frnt f the fishermen t tell them t get nets ready. ② Fishermen may wait fr a lng time (C) 如果他们失去最好的机会. Therefre, they shuld be well-trained t understand the cues frm dlphins.
The study fund that fishermen are 17 times mre likely (可能的) t catch fish by wrking with dlphins. ③ At the same time, cperative dlphins have 13 % higher survival rates (生存率) (D) ________ ther dlphins.Human-animal partnerships have been uncmmn thrughut histry. But they give us an idea f hw psitive ur human cperatin can be with nature.
16．在文中(A)和(D)的空白处填入适当的单词：________ ；_________ 17．将文中画线部分(B)改写为：they started t wrk _________ mre than a _________ag.18．将文中画线部分(C)译成英语：_________ 19．将 “Fishermen will then thrw the nets right away.” 填入文中，①②③三处中最佳的位置是：_________ 20．从文中找出海豚擅长做的两件事： _________ ； _________
【答案】16． It than 17． tgether/cperatively century 18．if they lse the/their best chance/pprtunity 19．② 20． finding fish (in dirty water) driving them/fish (t the cast)【导语】本文主要介绍了渔民和海豚合作捕鱼的事情。16．根据“In the castal city f Laguna in Brazil, there is a special fishing team. (A) ... is made up f fishermen and dlphins!”可知(A)处用it指代上文提到过的特殊捕鱼队，句子开头首字母大写；根据“At the same time, cperative dlphins have 13 % higher survival rates (D) ... ther dlphins.”可知是合作的海豚存活率比其他海豚高，形成对比，用than表示“比”。故填It；than。
17．根据“they started t wrk as a team mre than 100 years ag”可知是开始一起工作，as a team可用tgether或cperatively替换；100年是一个世纪，a后接名词century表示“世纪”。故填tgether/cperatively；century。18．“如果”if；“他们”they；“失去最后的机会”lse the/their best chance/pprtunity。根据上下文可知用一般现在时。故填if they lse the/their best chance/pprtunity。
19．“Fishermen will then thrw the nets right away.”意为“渔民们会立刻把网扔掉”，结合“After that, they arch their backs in frnt f the fishermen t tell them t get nets ready.”可知渔民收到海豚发出的信号后会及时撒网捕鱼。故填②。20．根据“When dlphins find fish, they drive them t the cast.”可知海豚擅长找到鱼和驱赶鱼。故填finding fish (in dirty water)；driving them/fish (t the cast)。
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