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山东省泰安市泰山区泰安第二中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份山东省泰安市泰山区泰安第二中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含山东省泰安市泰山区泰安第二中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题原卷版docx、山东省泰安市泰山区泰安第二中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
（时间120分钟 满分150分）
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号分别填写在答题纸和答题卡上。
2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号写在试卷上无效。
3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man ging t d?
A. Have a picnic. B. G fishing. C. Take a drive.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. The weather. B. Indr activities. C. The wman’s illness.
3. Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?
A. At a bus statin. B. At a train statin. C. At an airprt.
4. What will the man d next?
A. Surf the Internet. B. Cnduct an interview. C. Put a jb advertisement.
5. Why des the man talk t the wman?
A. T bk a rm. B. T cnfirm his flight. C. T reschedule a meeting.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Which place will be cleaned tday?
A. The cafeteria. B. The hallways. C. The frnt ffice.
7. What will the wman d next week?
A. Hst a dinner. B. Hld a wrkshp. C. Design a schedule.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第9两个小题。
8. What did the speakers just d?
A. They watched a shw.
B. They perfrmed in a musical.
C. They practiced dancing tgether.
9. What did the wman use t be?
A. A dancer. B. An actress. C. A musician.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What d we knw abut the jacket?
A. It was unsuitable fr the man.
B. It was large fr the man’s sn.
C. It was bught at a reduced price.
11 What des the wman ask the man fr?
A. The jacket. B. The receipt. C. The credit card.
12. What will the man d next week?
A. Take a credit nte. B. Get his mney back. C. Visit the stre again.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What did Paul d after he left schl?
A. He pened a shp.
B. He did several different jbs.
C. He gt a jb as a chef in a restaurant.
14. What was Paul’s first restaurant jb like?
A. Bring but well-paid. B. Difficult but beneficial. C. Enjyable but demanding.
15. What des Paul’s current jb invlve?
A. Assisting chefs. B. Cking every day C. Managing the whle kitchen.
16. What des Paul think makes a restaurant successful?
A. Inventing new dishes.
B Using quality ingredients.
C. Creating less stressful envirnment.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What is the speaker’s jb related t?
A. Medicine. B. Wild animals. C. Artificial intelligence.
18. What was the main gal f Prject Skylark?
A. T create a system fr healthcare.
B. T pen up pssibilities f finance.
C. T teach a machine t identify different birds.
19. What is the prgram MediScan used fr?
A. Prducing reprts. B. Detecting diseases. C. Develping prgrams.
20. What is the speaker’s attitude twards AI in general?
A. Wrried. B. Psitive. C. Casual.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Chsing Subjects
When making curse ptin decisins at ur schl, we recmmend the fllwing things be taken int cnsideratin.
University entrance requirements are set by the British university admissins and will differ depending n the university and curses selected. It is imprtant t thrughly research curses befre chsing A-Level subjects and staff are available t guide students and parents in this area.
Careers and future ptins
Students are given an pprtunity t braden their knwledge and understanding f the nature and demands f a variety f careers. They will receive career talks and presentatins frm a variety f emplyers and have the pprtunity t visit universities.
Further research
As part f the ptin prcess. students are encuraged t carry ut additinal research t help them with their selectin.
1. What shuld a student cnsider fr chsing a subject?
A. Friends’ preferences.B. Difficulty f subjects.
C. Teachers’ expectatins.D. Relatin t ccupatins.
2. What is included in the subject-selecting prcess?
A. Engaging students in cllege turs.
B. Offering lectures n A-Level subjects.
C. Guaranteeing a suitable future jb.
D. Cnducting varius scientific research.
3. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. An exam paper.B. A teaching plan.
C. A schl brchure.D. An academic article.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍一些选课的方法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格部分“It relates t the student’s career plan and will help them develp relevant skills fr their future. (它与学生的职业规划有关，并将帮助他们发展未来的相关技能。)”可知，学生选课的时候要考虑与未来职业规划的关系。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格下面Careers and future ptins部分“They will receive career talks and presentatins frm a variety f emplyers and have the pprtunity t visit universities. (他们将接受来自各种雇主的职业演讲和演示，并有机会参观大学。)”可知，受试者选择过程中可以有机会参观大学。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When making curse ptin decisins at ur schl, we recmmend the fllwing things be taken int cnsideratin. (在我们学校做出课程选择决定时，我们建议考虑以下因素。)”可知，这篇文章是关于学校给学生的选课建议，所以它应该是出于学校手册。故选C。
B
Watfrd and her family have lived in Curtis Bay, Baltimre fr generatins. Her cmmunity has faced envirnmental injustice. Heavy industries cntinued t mve in her cmmunity. As a result, her neighbrs have had t live with serius respiratry (呼吸的) prblems.
When she knew a plan t build the natin’s largest trash-burning incineratr (焚化炉) less than a mile away frm her high schl, she realized she had t take actin. The incineratr was being sld wrngly as clean, renewable energy equipment but actually it wuld be a surce f brain-damaging chemicals and wuld release 200 millin tns f greenhuse gases per year, bth wrse than cal burning. Watfrd felt she had a respnsibility t warn her cmmunity t wrk tgether t shut this plant dwn.
She c-funded Free Yur Vice (FYV), a 10-persn student rganizatin devted t cmmunity rights and scial justice. Tgether, they decided t start a campaign t take dwn Energy Answers, the incineratr’s develper. They went dr-t-dr talking t neighbrs and rganizing prtests.
When it was discvered that Baltimre City Public Schls (BCPS) was ging t be a custmer f Energy Answers, the rganizatin fught with the bard and presented their case, urging BCPS t withdraw frm the prject. BCPS was cnvinced t cancel their cntract, which in turn inspired 22 ther custmers t d the same. Withut any financial gain, Energy Answers had n market t mve frward with its plan.
Watfrd cntinues t wrk with Curtis Bay residents tward fair develpment. They have a visin fr the future which includes building a zer-waste mvement, a slar farm, and green jbs. She wants the entire human family t jin the fight fr envirnmental justice because survival as a species depends n ur ability t take actin.
4. What caused respiratry prblems in Watfrd’s cmmunity?
A. Pr medical care.B. Terrible envirnmental cnditins.
C. Cnstant bacterial infectin.D. Unbalanced distributin f resurces.
5. What is Watfrd’s attitude t building the incineratr?
A. Unfavurable.B. Dubtful.C. Unclear.D. Indifferent.
6. What was the result f their campaign?
A. BCPS lst financial supprt.B. Energy Answers stpped its plan.
C. The investrs fund new market.D. Many custmers revised their cntracts.
7. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. A teenage her against urban pllutin
B. A teenage her fighting fr an advanced city
C. A battle fr Baltimre’s sky by a teenage her
D. The scial justice challenge fr a teenage her
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述恶劣的环境导致Watfrd所在社区出现健康问题，Watfrd和另外9个学生成立Free Yur Vice组织，发起反对建立垃圾焚化炉的运动，最终迫使该项目被叫停。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her cmmunity has faced envirnmental injustice. Heavy industries cntinued t mve in her cmmunity. As a result, her neighbrs have had t live with serius respiratry (呼吸的) prblems.(她的社区面临着环境的不公正。重工业继续往她的社区迁移。结果，她的邻居不得不忍受严重的呼吸问题)”可知，恶劣的环境条件导致Watfrd社区出现呼吸问题，故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Watfrd felt she had a respnsibility t warn her cmmunity t wrk tgether t shut this plant dwn.(Watfrd觉得她有责任警告她的社区共同努力关闭这家工厂)”可知，Watfrd不支持建立垃圾焚化炉，故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“BCPS was cnvinced t cancel their cntract, which in turn inspired 22 ther custmers t d the same. Withut any financial gain, Energy Answers had n market t mve frward with its plan.(BCPS被说服取消了合同，这反过来又激励了其他22家客户也这样做。没有任何经济收益，Energy Answers就没有市场来推进其计划)”可知，Watfrd发起的运动结果是迫使开发商Energy Answers停止了其计划。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“Tgether, they decided t start a campaign t take dwn Energy Answers, the incineratr’s develper.(他们一起决定发起一场运动，打倒垃圾焚烧炉的开发商Energy Answers)”和最后一段中“She wants the entire human family t jin the fight fr envirnmental justice because survival as a species depends n ur ability t take actin.(她希望整个人类大家庭都加入到环境正义的斗争中来，因为作为一个物种的生存取决于我们采取行动的能力)”可知，文章主要讲述恶劣的环境导致Watfrd所在社区出现健康问题，Watfrd和另外9个学生成立Free Yur Vice组织，发起反对建立垃圾焚化炉的运动，最终迫使该项目被叫停，C项“少年英雄为巴尔的摩的天空而战”为最佳标题，故选C。
C
The impact f technlgy n language is a tpic that ften causes cncern, with many assuming that it is simply ruining it. Hwever, language experts resist such pessimism, nting that there is little evidence t supprt the view that speech is getting wrse. Gretchen McCullch, in her bk Because Internet, fcuses n what can be learned abut language frm the internet rather than talking abut its suppsed negative effects.
McCullch cmpares studying language nline t grwing bacteria (细菌) in a Petri dish,where trends emerge and disappear quickly, allwing language experts t bserve changes that wuld therwise take a cnsiderable amunt f time. The influence f strng ties like friends r family vs weaker ties n language change is analyzed, with cmputer simulatins (模拟) revealing that having bth strng and weaker ties helps spread updates in a cmmunity.
The rle f scial media platfrms in language change is als discussed. Twitter, with its mix f strng and weak ties, is shwn t drive mre language change than Facebk, which is cntrlled by strnger ties. Emji is highlighted as a universal digital expressin f gestures, nt a language. Additinally, there is ev idence that the use f internet“innvatins”such as“mg”dates back t pre-cmputer eras.
McCullch’s bk fcuses n the birth f a new medium rather than a new language. The rise f mass writing n the internet, characterized by frequent, errr-filled, and shrt-lived cmmunicatin, challenges traditinal ideas abut writing’s imprtance. McCullch suggests future histrians shuld see this as a return t mre casual (随意的) language, paying mre attentin t the value f tls that imprve scial interactin nline. The bk argues against the idea that these changes might lead t the end f “real” writing, advcating fr an appreciatin f anything that enhances human cnnectin and the enjyment f each ther’s cmpany.
8. Hw might McCullch sund in her bk Because Internet?
A. Sensitive.B. Scientific.C. Pessimistic.D. Dismissive.
9. What des paragraph 3 fcus n?
A. The develpment f digital language.
B. The difference between scial media platfrms.
C. The influence f the internet n language change.
D. The cnnectin between humans and the internet.
10. Which f the fllwing wuld McCullch prbably agree with?
A. Interpersnal bnds play a rle in nline cmmunicatin.
B. Frmal language is unlikely t imprve scial interactin.
C. The birth f new media has remved writing’s imprtance.
D. Mass writing can make web-based cnversatins effective.
11. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Hw t Achieve Netwrk Effect?B. Technlgy, Fear r Cnvenience?
C. What If Faced with Media Terms?D. Internet Degrades r Helps Speech?
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是Gretchen McCullch在她的书Because Internet中对互联网对语言的影响的探讨。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Gretchen McCullch, in her bk Because Internet, fcuses n what can be learned abut language frm the internet rather than talking abut its suppsed negative effects.(Gretchen McCullch她的书Because Internet中，关注的是我们可以从互联网中学到什么，而不是谈论它所谓的负面影响。)”根据第二段“McCullch cmpares studying language nline t grwing bacteria (细菌) in a Petri dish,where trends emerge and disappear quickly, allwing language experts t bserve changes that wuld therwise take a cnsiderable amunt f time.”（McCullch将在线学习语言比作在培养皿中培养细菌，在培养皿中，趋势出现和消失得很快，使语言专家能够观察到变化，否则将花费相当长的时间。）可知，McCullch在她的书Because Internet中听起来是很科学的，故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The rle f scial media platfrms in language change is als discussed. Twitter, with its mix f strng and weak ties, is shwn t drive mre language change than Facebk, which is cntrlled by strnger ties. (本书还讨论了社交媒体平台在语言变化中的作用。研究表明，与由更强关系控制的Facebk相比，强弱关系混合的Twitter对语言变化的推动作用更大。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是网络对语言变化的影响。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The bk argues against the idea that these changes might lead t the end f “real” writing, advcating fr an appreciatin f anything that enhances human cnnectin and the enjyment f each ther’s cmpany.(这本书反对这些变化可能导致“真正的”写作终结的观点，主张对任何能增进人与人之间联系、享受彼此陪伴的东西都要心存感激。)”可知，McCullch可能会同意的观点是人际关系在网络交流中发挥着重要作用。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The impact f technlgy n language is a tpic that ften causes cncern, with many assuming that it is simply ruining it. Hwever, language experts resist such pessimism, nting that there is little evidence t supprt the view that speech is getting wrse. Gretchen McCullch, in her bk Because Internet, fcuses n what can be learned abut language frm the internet rather than talking abut its suppsed negative effects.(技术对语言的影响是一个经常引起关注的话题，许多人认为它只是在破坏语言。然而，语言专家反对这种悲观情绪，他们指出，几乎没有证据支持语言正在变得更糟的观点。Gretchen McCullch在她的书Because Internet中，关注的是我们可以从互联网中学到什么，而不是谈论它所谓的负面影响。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是Gretchen McCullch在她的书Because Internet中对互联网对语言的影响的探讨，因此最好的题目是D选项“Internet Degrades r Helps Speech?(互联网是帮助了语言还是阻碍了语言？)”，故选D。
D
At a cnference last week, I received an interesting piece f advice: “Assume yu are wrng.” The advice came frm Brian Nsek, a fellw psychlgy prfessr. He wasn’t bjecting t any particular claim I’d made — he was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science, and fr encuraging thers t d the same.
T understand the cntext fr Nsek’s advice, we need t take a step back — t the nature f science itself. Despite what many f us learned in elementary schl, there is n single scientific methd. Just as scientific theries change, s d scientific methds.
Assuming yu are right might be a mtivating frce, sustaining the enrmus effrt that cnducting scientific wrk requires. But it als makes it easy t interpret criticisms as persnal attacks, and fr scientific arguments t develp int persnal battles. Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng — a gal that yur critic prbably shares.
Nsek’s advice may sund pessimistic, but it’s nt s freign t science. Philsphers f science smetimes refer t the “pessimistic meta-inductin (元归纳)” n the histry f science: All f ur past scientific theries have been wrng, s surely ur current theries will turn ut t be wrng, t. That desn’t mean we haven’t made prgress, but it des indicate that there is always rm fr imprvement—ways t be less wrng.
I like the advice because it builds in an awareness f ur limitatins and a readiness t accept the unknwn (“there are things I d nt knw!”) alng with a sense that we can d better (“there are things I d nt knw yet!”). It als builds in a sense f cmmunity — we’re all in the same bat when it cmes t falling shrt f getting things right. Perhaps the fcus n a shared gal — ur gal as scientists and humans f being less wrng — can help make up fr any harm in scientific mtivatin r cmmunicatin.
12. Why did Nsek send the advice?
A. T express pinins abut my claims. B. T remind me t be pen t criticism.
C. T encurage me t take up science. D. T better my understanding f psychlgy.
13. Hw des assuming yu are wrng help?
A. It mtivates scientists t make effrts. B. It addresses persnal attacks and cnflicts.
C. It sets a cnstructive imprvement gal. D. It cntributes t a deeper insight int yurself.
14. What des the authr think f science theries?
A. Dynamic. B. Testable. C. Pineering. D. Well-established.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Accept the UnknwnB. Aim t Be Less Wrng
C. Get Engaged in PsychlgyD. Dig int the Nature f Science
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了作者对在科学研究中“假设你是错的”这条建议的看法，并肯定了它所带来的好处。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He wasn’t bjecting t any particular claim I’d made—he was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science, and fr encuraging thers t d the same.(他并没有反对我的任何特定主张——他提出了一个追求更好科学的策略，并鼓励其他人也这样做。)”和第三段中的“Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic prbably shares.(相反，从你错了的假设开始，批评更容易被视为一个有用的提示，一个如何减少错误的建设性建议——这是你的批评者可能也有的同样目标)”可知，Nsek提出的这条建议是一个追求更好科学的策略，从假设自己错了开始，就会更容易接受批评，让自己减少错误，由此可推测出，Nsek提出这条建议是为了提醒作者对批评持开放态度。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic prbably shares.(相反，从你错了的假设开始，批评更容易被视为一个有用的提示，一个如何减少错误的建设性建议——这是你的批评者可能也有的同样目标)”可知，假设你错了可以帮助你获得如何减少错误的建设性建议，而减少错误或许是你和你的批评者的共同目标，由此可推测出，假设你错了可以帮助设立一个建设性的改进目标。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Just as scientific theries change, s d scientific methds.(正如科学理论在变化，科学方法也在变化)”可知，作者认为科学理论是变化的、动态的。故选A。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句“At a cnference last week, I received an interesting piece f advice: ‘Assume yu are wrng.’(在上周的一次会议上，我收到了一条有趣的建议：‘假设你错了。’)”和最后一段最后一句“Perhaps the fcus n a shared gal—ur gal as scientists and humans f being less wrng—can help make up fr any harm in scientific mtivatin r cmmunicatin.(也许关注一个共同的目标——我们作为科学家和人类的目标是减少错误——可以帮助弥补科学动机或沟通中的任何伤害)”可知，本文主要讨论了在科学研究中“假设你是错的”这个方法，它有助于让所有人关注减少错误这一共同目标，从而让科学取得进步，由此可推测出，B项“力求减少错误”最适合作本文标题。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With everything ging n in the wrld, it’s n wnder s many f us are struggling t sleep. ____16____ And it’s hard t fall back asleep again. Hwever, simple steps befre bed can help. Test yur pillw. If yu bught yur pillw in 2022, it’s already ld. The Natinal Sleep Fundatin suggests replacing yur pillw everyne t tw years. ____17____ “When yur brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychlgist and sleep specialist.
Get an hur f sunlight each day. Mrning sunlight is imprtant fr gd sleep. T get mre rays, aim fr 15 t 30 minutes f direct light in the mrning. ____18____ The light cues yur brain that it’s time t be awake and prevents yu frm prducing melatnin befre bedtime. When yu’re inside, pen the shades.
Skip salty snacks befre bed. In a Japanese study, researchers fllwed 321 patients with high-saltdiets and sleep issues fr 12 weeks. ____19____ And thse wh cnsumed mre salt wke up mre ften t g t the bathrm.
____20____ If yu need t air cmplaints t yur family, dn’t wait until night. Tugh discussins are less likely t disturb yur sund sleep if yu initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate yur sympathetic nervus system, which disturbs sleep. Sme research even suggests that ging t bed angry may make yu bad-tempered the next mrning.
A. Avid arguments with yur family.
B. Handle yur trubles befre dinner.
C. Next，take tw 15-minute utdr breaks during the day.
D. It cntributes t gd health when expsed t light.
E. It’s nrmal t wake up at night，especially as yu age.
F. A used ne in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep.
G When peple cut them dwn，their average tilet trips decreased.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。主要说明了当代社会，很多人都出现了睡眠质量问题，本文提出了几条建议，以帮助读者提高睡眠质量。
【16题详解】
根据上文“With everything ging n in the wrld, it’s n wnder s many f us are struggling t sleep.(随着世界上发生的一切，难怪我们中的许多人都在努力入睡)”描述了现代社会普遍存在睡眠质量问题，后文“And it’s hard t fall back asleep again.(而且很难再次入睡)”描述很难再次入睡，可知本句主要说明夜晚入睡的问题，故E选项“随着年龄增长，半夜醒来很正常”，在此处能起到承上启下的作用。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The Natinal Sleep Fundatin suggests replacing yur pillw every ne t tw years.(美国国家睡眠基金会建议每一到两年更换一次枕头)”提到需要每 1-2 年更换枕头，下文““When yur brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychlgist and sleep specialist.(“当你的大脑发出疼痛信号时，它不能发出睡眠信号，”临床心理学家和睡眠专家Michael J Breus博士说)”继续谈论疼痛带来的影响。F 选项中的代词 “ne”指代上文的 pillw，进一步解释原因：用过很久的枕头可能导致颈部疼痛和失眠。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据本段首句“Get an hur f sunlight each day.(每天享受一小时的阳光)”可知，本段建议要接受足够的阳光。C选项中的It指代上文提到的接受阳光直射和户外休息的行为。这种行为是为了提醒大脑白天保持清醒。C选项“它告诉你的大脑是时候清醒了”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Skip salty snacks befre bed. In a Japanese study, researchers fllwed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues fr 12 weeks.(睡前不要吃咸的零食。在日本的一项研究中，研究人员对321名患有高盐饮食和睡眠问题的患者进行了为期12周的跟踪调查)”以及后文“And thse wh cnsumed mre salt wke up mre ften t g t the bathrm.(而那些摄入更多盐的人更频繁地醒来去洗手间)”可知，指出减少高盐饮食后，起夜次数会减少，与下文 “摄入高盐的更频繁去卫生间”的论述相呼应。G选项“当人们减少摄入时，他们的平均上厕所次数减少了”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“If yu need t air cmplaints t yur family, dn’t wait until night. Tugh discussins are less likely t disturb yur sund sleep if yu initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate yur sympathetic nervus system, which disturbs sleep. Sme research even suggests that ging t bed angry may make yu bad-tempered the next mrning.(如果你需要向你的家人抱怨，不要等到晚上。如果你早点开始，艰难的讨论就不太可能打扰你的睡眠。争吵会激活你的交感神经系统，从而扰乱睡眠。一些研究甚至表明，带着怒气上床睡觉可能会让你第二天早上脾气暴躁)”可知，如果需要向家人抱怨，不要拖到晚上。睡前的争论对睡眠有影响，甚至影响第二天的心情。故B选项“本段的建议应该是在晚饭前处理好麻烦”符合语境。故选B。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In Lincln Elementary Schl, the students went wild with excitement n hearing the annuncement f the upcming science fair. Amng the ____21____ participants was Alex, a prmising yung scientist with a passin fr ____22____.
Alex envisined creating a vlcan mdel fr the fair, cmplete with a(n) ____23____ display using baking sda (小苏打) and vinegar (醋). He was busy with his prject when he nticed Mia, a recent additin t the schl, ____24____ t reslve the cmplexities f the science fair. Instead f being ____25____, Alex decided t extend a helping hand and invited Mia t ____26____ him.
Their wrking tgether became a lively ____27____ f ideas and creativity. Alex patiently explained the scientific methd, ____28____ his knwledge with Mia, wh, in turn, put frward new thughts. They ____29____ searched fr materials, explring science by trial and errr. Time flying, their jint prject, an eye-pening slar-pwered mdel, was ____30____.
On the science fair day, the schl gym was full f scientific wnders. When Alex and Mia cnfidently intrduced their prject and skillfully ____31____ the awe-inspiring sight f vlcanic eruptin, the judges were deeply impressed and awarded them a special ____32____ fr teamwrk.
Alex’s decisin t ____33____ t Mia nt nly made the fair memrable fr them but generated psitive energy amng the students, wh realized that ____34____, as well as kindness, is truly a ____35____ in supprting ne anther in the pursuit f scientific knwledge.
21.
A. daringB. curiusC. hesitantD. eager
22.
A. theryB. bilgyC. experimentsD. adventures
23.
A. burningB. eruptingC. talentD. gravity
24.
A. strugglingB. fferingC. demandingD. managing
25.
A. well-intendedB. self-absrbedC. hard-wrkingD. easy-ging
26.
A. replaceB. accmpanyC. jinD. instruct
27.
A. exchangeB. raceC. changeD. challenge
28.
A. sharingB. checkingC. dubtingD. acquiring
29.
A. aimlesslyB. randmlyC. leisurelyD. tirelessly
30.
A. initiatedB. brnC. plannedD. lcated
31.
A. analyzedB. designedC. filmedD. demnstrated
32.
A. cntractB. recgnitinC. permitD. degree
33.
A. reach utB. get thrughC. give inD. lk up
34.
A. cmpetitinB. dignityC. disciplineD. cperatin
35.
A. destinatinB. subjectC. mustD. signal
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了亚历克斯的年轻人和米娅合作完成一个火山模型的过程和获得认可后的感受。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：渴望的参与者中有一位名叫亚历克斯的年轻科学家，他对实验充满热情，前途无量。A. daring大胆的；B. curius好奇的；C. hesitant犹豫不决的；D. eager渴望的。根据前文的“In Lincln Elementary Schl, the students went wild with excitement n hearing the annuncement f the upcming science fair.”可知，当学生们听到即将到来的科学博览会的消息时，兴奋得发疯，所以大家渴望参与。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：热心的参与者中有一位名叫亚历克斯的年轻科学家，他对实验充满热情，前途无量。A. thery理论；B. bilgy生物学；C. experiments实验；D. adventures冒险。根据后文的“Alex envisined creating a vlcan mdel fr the fair, cmplete with a(n) 3 display using baking sda (小苏打) and vinegar (醋).”可知，亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，对实验充满热情。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，用小苏打和醋来完成火山喷发的展示。A. burning燃烧；B. erupting喷发；C. talent天赋；D. gravity重力。根据前文的“Alex envisined creating a vlcan mdel fr the fair”可知，亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，即完成火山喷发的展示。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当他忙于自己的项目时，他注意到学校新来的米娅正在努力解决科学展览的复杂问题。A. struggling努力；B. ffering提供；C. demanding要求；D. managing管理。根据后文的“t reslve the cmplexities f the science fair”可知，米娅正在努力解决科学展览的复杂问题。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯没有只顾自己，而是决定伸出援助之手，邀请米娅加入他的行列。A. well-intended用意良好；B. self-absrbed只顾自己的，自我专注的；C. hard-wrking勤奋的；D. easy-ging随和的。根据后文的“Alex decided t extend a helping hand and invited Mia t 6 him.”可知，亚历克斯决定伸出援助之手，邀请米娅加入他的行列，所以亚历克斯没有只顾自己。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯没有只顾自己，而是决定伸出援助之手，邀请米娅加入他的行列。A. replace更换；B. accmpany陪伴；C. jin加入；D. instruct指导。根据后文的“Their wrking tgether became a lively 7 f ideas and creativity.”可知，他们的合作成为了思想和创造力的活跃交流，可推知亚历克斯邀请米娅加入他的行列。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的合作成为了思想和创造力的活跃交流。A. exchange交流；B. race快速转动；C. change改变；D. challenge挑战。根据后文的“f ideas and creativity. Alex patiently explained the scientific methd, 8 his knwledge with Mia, wh, in turn, put frward new thughts.”可知，亚历克斯耐心地解释科学方法，并与米娅分享他的知识，而米娅则提出了新的想法。二人的合作成为了思想和创造力的活跃交流。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯耐心地解释科学方法，并与米娅分享他的知识，而米娅则提出了新的想法。A. sharing分享；B. checking检查；C. dubting怀疑；D. acquiring获取。根据前文“Alex patiently explained the scientific methd”和后文的“his knwledge with Mia, wh, in turn, put frward new thughts”可知，亚历克斯耐心地解释科学方法，并与米娅分享他的知识。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们不知疲倦地寻找材料，通过反复试验来探索科学。A. aimlessly漫无目的地；B. randmly随机；C. leisurely悠闲地；D. tirelessly不知疲倦地。根据前文的“searched fr materials, explring science by trial and errr”可知，二人非常努力，反复试验来探索科学，不知疲倦地寻找材料。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：时光飞逝，他们的合作项目——一个令人大开眼界的太阳能模型——诞生了。A. initiated发起；B. brn出生，诞生；C. planned计划；D. lcated定位。根据前文的“Alex envisined creating a vlcan mdel fr the fair”和“Time flying, their jint prject, an eye-pening slar-pwered mdel”可知，亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，经过二人的努力，一个令人大开眼界的太阳能模型诞生了。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Alex和Mia自信地介绍了他们的项目，并熟练地展示了令人敬畏的火山喷发景象时，评委们留下了深刻的印象，并对他们的团队合作给予了特别的认可。A. analyzed分析；B. designed设计；C. filmed拍摄；D. demnstrated演示，展示。根据后文的“the awe-inspiring sight f vlcanic eruptin”可知，他们熟练地展示了令人敬畏的火山喷发景象。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Alex和Mia自信地介绍了他们的项目，并熟练地展示了令人敬畏的火山喷发景象时，评委们留下了深刻的印象，并对他们的团队合作给予了特别的认可。A. cntract合同；B. recgnitin认可；C. permit允许；D. degree程度。根据前文的“the judges were deeply impressed and awarded them a special”可知，他们给评委们留下了深刻的印象，获得了特别的认可。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：亚历克斯向米娅伸出援手的决定不仅让他们难忘，而且在学生中产生了正能量，他们意识到，在追求科学知识的过程中，合作和善良是相互支持的必要条件。A. reach ut伸出手；B. get thrugh通过；C. give in屈服；D. lk up查找。根据前文的“Alex decided t extend a helping hand”和后文“t Mia”可知，亚历克斯向米娅伸出援手。reach ut t sb.“向某人伸出援手”。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯向米娅伸出援手的决定不仅让他们难忘，而且在学生中产生了正能量，他们意识到，在追求科学知识的过程中，合作和善良是相互支持的必要条件。A. cmpetitin比赛；B. dignity尊严；C. discipline纪律；D. cperatin合作。根据前文的“Alex patiently explained the scientific methd, 8 his knwledge with Mia, wh, in turn, put frward new thughts.”和后文“as well as kindness, is truly a 15 in supprting ne anther in the pursuit f scientific knwledge.”可知，二人合作完成了该模型制作，所以他们意识到，在追求科学知识的过程中，合作和善良是相互支持的必要条件。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯向米娅伸出援手的决定不仅让他们难忘，而且在学生中产生了正能量，他们意识到，在追求科学知识的过程中，合作和善良是相互支持的必要条件。A. destinatin目的地；B. subject主题；C. must必要条件；D. signal信号。根据前文的“wh realized that 14 , as well as kindness”和“in supprting ne anther in the pursuit f scientific knwledge”可知，二人合作完成了该模型制作，所以他们意识到合作和善良是相互支持的必要条件，是在追求科学知识的过程中必不可少的。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The farming-themed reality shw Becme a Farmer has taken Chinese scial media by strm, shining a sptlight n agriculture — an essential part f Chinese culture. The wrd “farming”, hwever, may be entirely unfamiliar ____36____ many yung urban Chinese.
T cnnect these individuals with the agricultural industry, the 50-episde variety shw tackles the tpic by asking 10 yung men frm varius fields ____37____ (taste) farm life. During the 190 days, the cast members ____38____ (they) engaged in diverse tasks such as swing, fertilizing and harvesting. They started with limited resurces and gradually ____39____ (build) their lives almst frm nthing. The ____40____ (influence) shw that nt nly entertains but als educates is an interactive reality prgram ____41____ (present) in a dcumentary style.
Yang Changling, chief directr f the prgram, said the shw’s intentin is t shwcase ____42____ practice f farming and t enhance the audience’s understanding f agriculture and raise awareness f fd ____43____ (secure) by sharing these yung peple’s experiences and stries f persnal grwth.
One viewer said “The distinctive prgram has enlightened me the prcess f cultivating a grain f rice.” Whever watches the prgram will realize ____44____ it takes t grw grain. “I wn’t waste fd anymre. Anther said, “I dn’t deny ____45____ (amaze) by the advanced mdern agricultural technlgy and I feel srry fr the back-breaking wrk f farmers wh establish deep rts in the land but nly rely n the weather fr their harvest.”
【答案】36. t 37. t taste
38. themselves
39. built 40. influential
41. presented
42. the 43. security
44. what 45. being amazed
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以农业为主题的真人秀节目《种地吧》的目的和意义。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，对于许多中国城市的年轻人来说，“务农”这个词可能完全陌生。be unfamiliar t sb.“对某人来说不熟悉”，为固定短语，t为介词。故填t。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了将这些人与农业联系起来，这个50集的综艺节目通过让10位来自不同领域的年轻人体验农场生活来解决这个问题。ask sb.t d sth.“请某人做某事”，用taste“体验”的不定式，作宾补。故填t taste。
【38题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：在这190天里，演员们亲自参与了播种、施肥、收获等多种任务。指主语the cast members本身，所以用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：他们从有限的资源开始，逐渐白手起家。有空前的连词and可知，本空和空前的started并列作谓语，所以用build“建立”的过去式。故填 built。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个不仅有趣而且有教育意义的互动真人秀节目以纪录片的方式呈现，它是一个有影响力的节目。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填 influential。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个不仅有趣而且有教育意义的互动真人秀节目以纪录片的方式呈现，它是一个有影响力的节目。 本句系动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，且prgram 与present“展现，呈现”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填presented。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该节目的总导演杨长岭表示，该节目的目的是展示农业实践，通过分享这些年轻人的经历和个人成长的故事，增强观众对农业的了解，提高他们对粮食安全的认识。结合句意可知，此处特指农业实践，所以用定冠词the。故填 the。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：该节目的总导演杨长玲表示，该节目的目的是展示农业实践，通过分享这些年轻人的经历和个人成长的故事，增强观众对农业的了解，提高他们对粮食安全的认识。作介词f的宾语，所以用名词security，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。fd security“粮食安全”。故填security。
【44题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：无论谁看了这个节目，都会意识到种植粮食需要付出什么。分析句子结构可知，本空引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，用what引导。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我不否认我对先进的现代农业技术感到惊讶，我为那些在土地上深深扎根却只依靠天气来收获的农民的辛苦工作感到遗憾。deny ding sth.“否认做某事”，I与amaze“使惊奇，使惊愕”为被动关系，用动名词的被动形式，填being amazed，作宾语。故填being amazed。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见，请你给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由，内容包括：
1.材料选择；
2.阅读形式（小组合作或自主阅读）。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ryan,
I’m delighted t hear abut yur plan t launch an English reading activity. Here are my suggestins.
Firstly, as fr the reading materials, I suggest we chse a variety f texts t cater t different interests and reading levels. This diversity will nt nly enrich ur reading experience but als braden ur hrizns. Secndly, regarding the reading frmat, I prpse a cmbinatin f bth grup cllabratin and independent reading. Grup cllabratin can fster a lively discussin and encurage students t share their insights, while independent reading allws individuals t delve deeper int the texts at their wn pace.
What I strngly believe is that these suggestins will cntribute t the success f ur reading activity.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一封建议信。要求考生以李华的身份，就你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见一事，给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased/glad
各种各样的：a variety f → varius/a wide range f
建议：suggest→ recmmend
相信：believe→ be cnvinced f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted t hear abut yur plan t launch an English reading activity.
拓展句：I’m delighted t learn that yur plan t launch an English reading activity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This diversity will nt nly enrich ur reading experience but als braden ur hrizns.（使用了nt nly…but als结构）
【高分句型2】What I strngly believe is that these suggestins will cntribute t the success f ur reading activity.（使用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Last Christmas my lder sister Jane gt a unicycle (独轮脚踏车) she had requested. I thught it kind f strange, wndering why she wuld want smething like that. She did ride and practice fr a while, but eventually stpped.
Curius, I tried it, finding it very hard and thinking it impssible fr a weak girl like me t learn. Since ur dining rm f ur ld huse had lw beams (屋梁), I used them like mnkey bars t practice riding, which helped a lt. Because I thught it was really fun, I practiced every spare mment I had, teaching myself t g frwards, backwards and t turn. Practicing was smething I lved t d in my spare time, but it did get discuraging when I fell. After mnths f practicing, I finally made it.
One mrning, ur teacher Maria excitedly annunced that a schl talent shw was t be held t raise mney fr charity. She encuraged my classmates t sign up fr it. I’m nt always best in frnt f a crwd, which was why I was very nervus when I meant t put n my perfrmance by ding a hula hp (圈) and riding a unicycle n stage. But I vercame my fear and entered myself fr the talent shw, fr which I practiced a lt in case I shuld mess up.
My rutine (整套动作) was t d the hula hp frm my neck, dwn t my stmach, then t my knees. After that, I was t ride my unicycle frwards and backwards n stage. Lastly I wuld d the hula hp while riding the unicycle. I was t d all this accmpanied by my carefully selected music. I wndered what peple frm my seventh grade wuld think f my perfrmance. With my friends inspiring me, I built up my cnfidence. On the night f the shw, many peple fund ut there was ging t be a unicycle perfrmance, s mre came, even the headmaster.
Para. 1: I was bth nervus and excited when it was my turn.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para. 2: When I gt hme, I culdn’t wait t check my mbile phne left at hme.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I was bth nervus and excited when it was my turn. I had a deep breath and then rde my unicycle twards the stage. When I heard the music, I started t put the hula hp in my neck. Carefully, I mved it dwn t my stmach. Everything seemed gd. The audiences applauded fr me when the hula hp was abut t my knees. And then, an unlucky thing happened. I didn’t ride backwards firmly s I tumbled. At that mment I felt my heart was brken. Hwever, after a very shrt rest, I std up with my red face. I tried again and finally, I made it. Seeing this, all the audiences cheered and applauded happily.
When I gt hme, I culdn’t wait t check my mbile phne left at hme. My deskmate Mary sent the perfrmance vide t me and expressed that she was s prud f me. There are als many messages frm my classmates and teachers, which encuraged me a lt. Nt nly culd I challenge myself but als I helped my schl raise mney fr charity in this perfrmance.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者描述了自己在家练习了骑着独轮车跳呼啦圈，还报名了学校的才艺表演，为慈善事业筹集资金。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：轮到我时，我既紧张又兴奋。所以应该写我演出的过程，要详细描述我是如何表演并战胜了困难。第二段开头是：当我回到家的时候，我迫不及待地想看看我留在家里的手机。本段应该写我完成表演回到家后收到同学们老师们的鼓励。
注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，续写还要使用文中的的一些关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：have a deep breath，be abut t，at that mment，stand up，make it，be prud f，nt nly… but als…等高级词汇；when引导的时间状语从句When I heard the music, I started t put the hula hp in my neck.；at that mment连接的时间状语从句At that mment I felt my heart was brken.；现在分词作状语Seeing this, all the audiences cheered and applauded happily.；that引导的宾语从句My deskmate Mary sent the perfrmance vide t me and expressed that she was s prud f me.；there be句型和which引导的非限制性定语从句There are als many messages frm my classmates and teachers, which encuraged me a lt.；部分倒装句Nt nly culd I challenge myself but als I helped my schl raise mney fr charity in this perfrmance.等高级句式。
听力 1—5 BACCC 6—10 BBAAC 11—15 BCBBC 16—20 BCCBB
Why students shuld chse a subject
Why students shuld NOT chse a subject
Ability
The student has a natural talent fr a particular subject area.
The student thinks that it will be an easy ptin.
Interest
The student enjys studying the subject, which will help keep them mtivated when things get tugh.
The student’s friends are ding it s they think it will be fun.
Future
It relates t the student’s career plan and will help them develp relevant skills fr their future.
The student did nt have time t research their ptins prperly.
Advice
The student has discussed their ptins with their teachers and parents and they have agreed it is a gd idea.
The student is nly ding the subject because smene else tld them t d it.
（时间120分钟 满分150分）
注意事项：
1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号分别填写在答题纸和答题卡上。
2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号写在试卷上无效。
3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the man ging t d?
A. Have a picnic. B. G fishing. C. Take a drive.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. The weather. B. Indr activities. C. The wman’s illness.
3. Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?
A. At a bus statin. B. At a train statin. C. At an airprt.
4. What will the man d next?
A. Surf the Internet. B. Cnduct an interview. C. Put a jb advertisement.
5. Why des the man talk t the wman?
A. T bk a rm. B. T cnfirm his flight. C. T reschedule a meeting.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Which place will be cleaned tday?
A. The cafeteria. B. The hallways. C. The frnt ffice.
7. What will the wman d next week?
A. Hst a dinner. B. Hld a wrkshp. C. Design a schedule.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第9两个小题。
8. What did the speakers just d?
A. They watched a shw.
B. They perfrmed in a musical.
C. They practiced dancing tgether.
9. What did the wman use t be?
A. A dancer. B. An actress. C. A musician.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What d we knw abut the jacket?
A. It was unsuitable fr the man.
B. It was large fr the man’s sn.
C. It was bught at a reduced price.
11 What des the wman ask the man fr?
A. The jacket. B. The receipt. C. The credit card.
12. What will the man d next week?
A. Take a credit nte. B. Get his mney back. C. Visit the stre again.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What did Paul d after he left schl?
A. He pened a shp.
B. He did several different jbs.
C. He gt a jb as a chef in a restaurant.
14. What was Paul’s first restaurant jb like?
A. Bring but well-paid. B. Difficult but beneficial. C. Enjyable but demanding.
15. What des Paul’s current jb invlve?
A. Assisting chefs. B. Cking every day C. Managing the whle kitchen.
16. What des Paul think makes a restaurant successful?
A. Inventing new dishes.
B Using quality ingredients.
C. Creating less stressful envirnment.
听第10段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What is the speaker’s jb related t?
A. Medicine. B. Wild animals. C. Artificial intelligence.
18. What was the main gal f Prject Skylark?
A. T create a system fr healthcare.
B. T pen up pssibilities f finance.
C. T teach a machine t identify different birds.
19. What is the prgram MediScan used fr?
A. Prducing reprts. B. Detecting diseases. C. Develping prgrams.
20. What is the speaker’s attitude twards AI in general?
A. Wrried. B. Psitive. C. Casual.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Chsing Subjects
When making curse ptin decisins at ur schl, we recmmend the fllwing things be taken int cnsideratin.
University entrance requirements are set by the British university admissins and will differ depending n the university and curses selected. It is imprtant t thrughly research curses befre chsing A-Level subjects and staff are available t guide students and parents in this area.
Careers and future ptins
Students are given an pprtunity t braden their knwledge and understanding f the nature and demands f a variety f careers. They will receive career talks and presentatins frm a variety f emplyers and have the pprtunity t visit universities.
Further research
As part f the ptin prcess. students are encuraged t carry ut additinal research t help them with their selectin.
1. What shuld a student cnsider fr chsing a subject?
A. Friends’ preferences.B. Difficulty f subjects.
C. Teachers’ expectatins.D. Relatin t ccupatins.
2. What is included in the subject-selecting prcess?
A. Engaging students in cllege turs.
B. Offering lectures n A-Level subjects.
C. Guaranteeing a suitable future jb.
D. Cnducting varius scientific research.
3. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. An exam paper.B. A teaching plan.
C. A schl brchure.D. An academic article.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍一些选课的方法。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格部分“It relates t the student’s career plan and will help them develp relevant skills fr their future. (它与学生的职业规划有关，并将帮助他们发展未来的相关技能。)”可知，学生选课的时候要考虑与未来职业规划的关系。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格下面Careers and future ptins部分“They will receive career talks and presentatins frm a variety f emplyers and have the pprtunity t visit universities. (他们将接受来自各种雇主的职业演讲和演示，并有机会参观大学。)”可知，受试者选择过程中可以有机会参观大学。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When making curse ptin decisins at ur schl, we recmmend the fllwing things be taken int cnsideratin. (在我们学校做出课程选择决定时，我们建议考虑以下因素。)”可知，这篇文章是关于学校给学生的选课建议，所以它应该是出于学校手册。故选C。
B
Watfrd and her family have lived in Curtis Bay, Baltimre fr generatins. Her cmmunity has faced envirnmental injustice. Heavy industries cntinued t mve in her cmmunity. As a result, her neighbrs have had t live with serius respiratry (呼吸的) prblems.
When she knew a plan t build the natin’s largest trash-burning incineratr (焚化炉) less than a mile away frm her high schl, she realized she had t take actin. The incineratr was being sld wrngly as clean, renewable energy equipment but actually it wuld be a surce f brain-damaging chemicals and wuld release 200 millin tns f greenhuse gases per year, bth wrse than cal burning. Watfrd felt she had a respnsibility t warn her cmmunity t wrk tgether t shut this plant dwn.
She c-funded Free Yur Vice (FYV), a 10-persn student rganizatin devted t cmmunity rights and scial justice. Tgether, they decided t start a campaign t take dwn Energy Answers, the incineratr’s develper. They went dr-t-dr talking t neighbrs and rganizing prtests.
When it was discvered that Baltimre City Public Schls (BCPS) was ging t be a custmer f Energy Answers, the rganizatin fught with the bard and presented their case, urging BCPS t withdraw frm the prject. BCPS was cnvinced t cancel their cntract, which in turn inspired 22 ther custmers t d the same. Withut any financial gain, Energy Answers had n market t mve frward with its plan.
Watfrd cntinues t wrk with Curtis Bay residents tward fair develpment. They have a visin fr the future which includes building a zer-waste mvement, a slar farm, and green jbs. She wants the entire human family t jin the fight fr envirnmental justice because survival as a species depends n ur ability t take actin.
4. What caused respiratry prblems in Watfrd’s cmmunity?
A. Pr medical care.B. Terrible envirnmental cnditins.
C. Cnstant bacterial infectin.D. Unbalanced distributin f resurces.
5. What is Watfrd’s attitude t building the incineratr?
A. Unfavurable.B. Dubtful.C. Unclear.D. Indifferent.
6. What was the result f their campaign?
A. BCPS lst financial supprt.B. Energy Answers stpped its plan.
C. The investrs fund new market.D. Many custmers revised their cntracts.
7. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. A teenage her against urban pllutin
B. A teenage her fighting fr an advanced city
C. A battle fr Baltimre’s sky by a teenage her
D. The scial justice challenge fr a teenage her
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述恶劣的环境导致Watfrd所在社区出现健康问题，Watfrd和另外9个学生成立Free Yur Vice组织，发起反对建立垃圾焚化炉的运动，最终迫使该项目被叫停。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her cmmunity has faced envirnmental injustice. Heavy industries cntinued t mve in her cmmunity. As a result, her neighbrs have had t live with serius respiratry (呼吸的) prblems.(她的社区面临着环境的不公正。重工业继续往她的社区迁移。结果，她的邻居不得不忍受严重的呼吸问题)”可知，恶劣的环境条件导致Watfrd社区出现呼吸问题，故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Watfrd felt she had a respnsibility t warn her cmmunity t wrk tgether t shut this plant dwn.(Watfrd觉得她有责任警告她的社区共同努力关闭这家工厂)”可知，Watfrd不支持建立垃圾焚化炉，故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“BCPS was cnvinced t cancel their cntract, which in turn inspired 22 ther custmers t d the same. Withut any financial gain, Energy Answers had n market t mve frward with its plan.(BCPS被说服取消了合同，这反过来又激励了其他22家客户也这样做。没有任何经济收益，Energy Answers就没有市场来推进其计划)”可知，Watfrd发起的运动结果是迫使开发商Energy Answers停止了其计划。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第三段中“Tgether, they decided t start a campaign t take dwn Energy Answers, the incineratr’s develper.(他们一起决定发起一场运动，打倒垃圾焚烧炉的开发商Energy Answers)”和最后一段中“She wants the entire human family t jin the fight fr envirnmental justice because survival as a species depends n ur ability t take actin.(她希望整个人类大家庭都加入到环境正义的斗争中来，因为作为一个物种的生存取决于我们采取行动的能力)”可知，文章主要讲述恶劣的环境导致Watfrd所在社区出现健康问题，Watfrd和另外9个学生成立Free Yur Vice组织，发起反对建立垃圾焚化炉的运动，最终迫使该项目被叫停，C项“少年英雄为巴尔的摩的天空而战”为最佳标题，故选C。
C
The impact f technlgy n language is a tpic that ften causes cncern, with many assuming that it is simply ruining it. Hwever, language experts resist such pessimism, nting that there is little evidence t supprt the view that speech is getting wrse. Gretchen McCullch, in her bk Because Internet, fcuses n what can be learned abut language frm the internet rather than talking abut its suppsed negative effects.
McCullch cmpares studying language nline t grwing bacteria (细菌) in a Petri dish,where trends emerge and disappear quickly, allwing language experts t bserve changes that wuld therwise take a cnsiderable amunt f time. The influence f strng ties like friends r family vs weaker ties n language change is analyzed, with cmputer simulatins (模拟) revealing that having bth strng and weaker ties helps spread updates in a cmmunity.
The rle f scial media platfrms in language change is als discussed. Twitter, with its mix f strng and weak ties, is shwn t drive mre language change than Facebk, which is cntrlled by strnger ties. Emji is highlighted as a universal digital expressin f gestures, nt a language. Additinally, there is ev idence that the use f internet“innvatins”such as“mg”dates back t pre-cmputer eras.
McCullch’s bk fcuses n the birth f a new medium rather than a new language. The rise f mass writing n the internet, characterized by frequent, errr-filled, and shrt-lived cmmunicatin, challenges traditinal ideas abut writing’s imprtance. McCullch suggests future histrians shuld see this as a return t mre casual (随意的) language, paying mre attentin t the value f tls that imprve scial interactin nline. The bk argues against the idea that these changes might lead t the end f “real” writing, advcating fr an appreciatin f anything that enhances human cnnectin and the enjyment f each ther’s cmpany.
8. Hw might McCullch sund in her bk Because Internet?
A. Sensitive.B. Scientific.C. Pessimistic.D. Dismissive.
9. What des paragraph 3 fcus n?
A. The develpment f digital language.
B. The difference between scial media platfrms.
C. The influence f the internet n language change.
D. The cnnectin between humans and the internet.
10. Which f the fllwing wuld McCullch prbably agree with?
A. Interpersnal bnds play a rle in nline cmmunicatin.
B. Frmal language is unlikely t imprve scial interactin.
C. The birth f new media has remved writing’s imprtance.
D. Mass writing can make web-based cnversatins effective.
11. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Hw t Achieve Netwrk Effect?B. Technlgy, Fear r Cnvenience?
C. What If Faced with Media Terms?D. Internet Degrades r Helps Speech?
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是Gretchen McCullch在她的书Because Internet中对互联网对语言的影响的探讨。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Gretchen McCullch, in her bk Because Internet, fcuses n what can be learned abut language frm the internet rather than talking abut its suppsed negative effects.(Gretchen McCullch她的书Because Internet中，关注的是我们可以从互联网中学到什么，而不是谈论它所谓的负面影响。)”根据第二段“McCullch cmpares studying language nline t grwing bacteria (细菌) in a Petri dish,where trends emerge and disappear quickly, allwing language experts t bserve changes that wuld therwise take a cnsiderable amunt f time.”（McCullch将在线学习语言比作在培养皿中培养细菌，在培养皿中，趋势出现和消失得很快，使语言专家能够观察到变化，否则将花费相当长的时间。）可知，McCullch在她的书Because Internet中听起来是很科学的，故选B。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The rle f scial media platfrms in language change is als discussed. Twitter, with its mix f strng and weak ties, is shwn t drive mre language change than Facebk, which is cntrlled by strnger ties. (本书还讨论了社交媒体平台在语言变化中的作用。研究表明，与由更强关系控制的Facebk相比，强弱关系混合的Twitter对语言变化的推动作用更大。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是网络对语言变化的影响。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The bk argues against the idea that these changes might lead t the end f “real” writing, advcating fr an appreciatin f anything that enhances human cnnectin and the enjyment f each ther’s cmpany.(这本书反对这些变化可能导致“真正的”写作终结的观点，主张对任何能增进人与人之间联系、享受彼此陪伴的东西都要心存感激。)”可知，McCullch可能会同意的观点是人际关系在网络交流中发挥着重要作用。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The impact f technlgy n language is a tpic that ften causes cncern, with many assuming that it is simply ruining it. Hwever, language experts resist such pessimism, nting that there is little evidence t supprt the view that speech is getting wrse. Gretchen McCullch, in her bk Because Internet, fcuses n what can be learned abut language frm the internet rather than talking abut its suppsed negative effects.(技术对语言的影响是一个经常引起关注的话题，许多人认为它只是在破坏语言。然而，语言专家反对这种悲观情绪，他们指出，几乎没有证据支持语言正在变得更糟的观点。Gretchen McCullch在她的书Because Internet中，关注的是我们可以从互联网中学到什么，而不是谈论它所谓的负面影响。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是Gretchen McCullch在她的书Because Internet中对互联网对语言的影响的探讨，因此最好的题目是D选项“Internet Degrades r Helps Speech?(互联网是帮助了语言还是阻碍了语言？)”，故选D。
D
At a cnference last week, I received an interesting piece f advice: “Assume yu are wrng.” The advice came frm Brian Nsek, a fellw psychlgy prfessr. He wasn’t bjecting t any particular claim I’d made — he was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science, and fr encuraging thers t d the same.
T understand the cntext fr Nsek’s advice, we need t take a step back — t the nature f science itself. Despite what many f us learned in elementary schl, there is n single scientific methd. Just as scientific theries change, s d scientific methds.
Assuming yu are right might be a mtivating frce, sustaining the enrmus effrt that cnducting scientific wrk requires. But it als makes it easy t interpret criticisms as persnal attacks, and fr scientific arguments t develp int persnal battles. Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng — a gal that yur critic prbably shares.
Nsek’s advice may sund pessimistic, but it’s nt s freign t science. Philsphers f science smetimes refer t the “pessimistic meta-inductin (元归纳)” n the histry f science: All f ur past scientific theries have been wrng, s surely ur current theries will turn ut t be wrng, t. That desn’t mean we haven’t made prgress, but it des indicate that there is always rm fr imprvement—ways t be less wrng.
I like the advice because it builds in an awareness f ur limitatins and a readiness t accept the unknwn (“there are things I d nt knw!”) alng with a sense that we can d better (“there are things I d nt knw yet!”). It als builds in a sense f cmmunity — we’re all in the same bat when it cmes t falling shrt f getting things right. Perhaps the fcus n a shared gal — ur gal as scientists and humans f being less wrng — can help make up fr any harm in scientific mtivatin r cmmunicatin.
12. Why did Nsek send the advice?
A. T express pinins abut my claims. B. T remind me t be pen t criticism.
C. T encurage me t take up science. D. T better my understanding f psychlgy.
13. Hw des assuming yu are wrng help?
A. It mtivates scientists t make effrts. B. It addresses persnal attacks and cnflicts.
C. It sets a cnstructive imprvement gal. D. It cntributes t a deeper insight int yurself.
14. What des the authr think f science theries?
A. Dynamic. B. Testable. C. Pineering. D. Well-established.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Accept the UnknwnB. Aim t Be Less Wrng
C. Get Engaged in PsychlgyD. Dig int the Nature f Science
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了作者对在科学研究中“假设你是错的”这条建议的看法，并肯定了它所带来的好处。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“He wasn’t bjecting t any particular claim I’d made—he was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science, and fr encuraging thers t d the same.(他并没有反对我的任何特定主张——他提出了一个追求更好科学的策略，并鼓励其他人也这样做。)”和第三段中的“Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic prbably shares.(相反，从你错了的假设开始，批评更容易被视为一个有用的提示，一个如何减少错误的建设性建议——这是你的批评者可能也有的同样目标)”可知，Nsek提出的这条建议是一个追求更好科学的策略，从假设自己错了开始，就会更容易接受批评，让自己减少错误，由此可推测出，Nsek提出这条建议是为了提醒作者对批评持开放态度。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t be viewed as a helpful pinter, a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng—a gal that yur critic prbably shares.(相反，从你错了的假设开始，批评更容易被视为一个有用的提示，一个如何减少错误的建设性建议——这是你的批评者可能也有的同样目标)”可知，假设你错了可以帮助你获得如何减少错误的建设性建议，而减少错误或许是你和你的批评者的共同目标，由此可推测出，假设你错了可以帮助设立一个建设性的改进目标。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Just as scientific theries change, s d scientific methds.(正如科学理论在变化，科学方法也在变化)”可知，作者认为科学理论是变化的、动态的。故选A。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句“At a cnference last week, I received an interesting piece f advice: ‘Assume yu are wrng.’(在上周的一次会议上，我收到了一条有趣的建议：‘假设你错了。’)”和最后一段最后一句“Perhaps the fcus n a shared gal—ur gal as scientists and humans f being less wrng—can help make up fr any harm in scientific mtivatin r cmmunicatin.(也许关注一个共同的目标——我们作为科学家和人类的目标是减少错误——可以帮助弥补科学动机或沟通中的任何伤害)”可知，本文主要讨论了在科学研究中“假设你是错的”这个方法，它有助于让所有人关注减少错误这一共同目标，从而让科学取得进步，由此可推测出，B项“力求减少错误”最适合作本文标题。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
With everything ging n in the wrld, it’s n wnder s many f us are struggling t sleep. ____16____ And it’s hard t fall back asleep again. Hwever, simple steps befre bed can help. Test yur pillw. If yu bught yur pillw in 2022, it’s already ld. The Natinal Sleep Fundatin suggests replacing yur pillw everyne t tw years. ____17____ “When yur brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychlgist and sleep specialist.
Get an hur f sunlight each day. Mrning sunlight is imprtant fr gd sleep. T get mre rays, aim fr 15 t 30 minutes f direct light in the mrning. ____18____ The light cues yur brain that it’s time t be awake and prevents yu frm prducing melatnin befre bedtime. When yu’re inside, pen the shades.
Skip salty snacks befre bed. In a Japanese study, researchers fllwed 321 patients with high-saltdiets and sleep issues fr 12 weeks. ____19____ And thse wh cnsumed mre salt wke up mre ften t g t the bathrm.
____20____ If yu need t air cmplaints t yur family, dn’t wait until night. Tugh discussins are less likely t disturb yur sund sleep if yu initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate yur sympathetic nervus system, which disturbs sleep. Sme research even suggests that ging t bed angry may make yu bad-tempered the next mrning.
A. Avid arguments with yur family.
B. Handle yur trubles befre dinner.
C. Next，take tw 15-minute utdr breaks during the day.
D. It cntributes t gd health when expsed t light.
E. It’s nrmal t wake up at night，especially as yu age.
F. A used ne in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep.
G When peple cut them dwn，their average tilet trips decreased.
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为说明文。主要说明了当代社会，很多人都出现了睡眠质量问题，本文提出了几条建议，以帮助读者提高睡眠质量。
【16题详解】
根据上文“With everything ging n in the wrld, it’s n wnder s many f us are struggling t sleep.(随着世界上发生的一切，难怪我们中的许多人都在努力入睡)”描述了现代社会普遍存在睡眠质量问题，后文“And it’s hard t fall back asleep again.(而且很难再次入睡)”描述很难再次入睡，可知本句主要说明夜晚入睡的问题，故E选项“随着年龄增长，半夜醒来很正常”，在此处能起到承上启下的作用。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The Natinal Sleep Fundatin suggests replacing yur pillw every ne t tw years.(美国国家睡眠基金会建议每一到两年更换一次枕头)”提到需要每 1-2 年更换枕头，下文““When yur brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychlgist and sleep specialist.(“当你的大脑发出疼痛信号时，它不能发出睡眠信号，”临床心理学家和睡眠专家Michael J Breus博士说)”继续谈论疼痛带来的影响。F 选项中的代词 “ne”指代上文的 pillw，进一步解释原因：用过很久的枕头可能导致颈部疼痛和失眠。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据本段首句“Get an hur f sunlight each day.(每天享受一小时的阳光)”可知，本段建议要接受足够的阳光。C选项中的It指代上文提到的接受阳光直射和户外休息的行为。这种行为是为了提醒大脑白天保持清醒。C选项“它告诉你的大脑是时候清醒了”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Skip salty snacks befre bed. In a Japanese study, researchers fllwed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues fr 12 weeks.(睡前不要吃咸的零食。在日本的一项研究中，研究人员对321名患有高盐饮食和睡眠问题的患者进行了为期12周的跟踪调查)”以及后文“And thse wh cnsumed mre salt wke up mre ften t g t the bathrm.(而那些摄入更多盐的人更频繁地醒来去洗手间)”可知，指出减少高盐饮食后，起夜次数会减少，与下文 “摄入高盐的更频繁去卫生间”的论述相呼应。G选项“当人们减少摄入时，他们的平均上厕所次数减少了”符合语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据后文“If yu need t air cmplaints t yur family, dn’t wait until night. Tugh discussins are less likely t disturb yur sund sleep if yu initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate yur sympathetic nervus system, which disturbs sleep. Sme research even suggests that ging t bed angry may make yu bad-tempered the next mrning.(如果你需要向你的家人抱怨，不要等到晚上。如果你早点开始，艰难的讨论就不太可能打扰你的睡眠。争吵会激活你的交感神经系统，从而扰乱睡眠。一些研究甚至表明，带着怒气上床睡觉可能会让你第二天早上脾气暴躁)”可知，如果需要向家人抱怨，不要拖到晚上。睡前的争论对睡眠有影响，甚至影响第二天的心情。故B选项“本段的建议应该是在晚饭前处理好麻烦”符合语境。故选B。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In Lincln Elementary Schl, the students went wild with excitement n hearing the annuncement f the upcming science fair. Amng the ____21____ participants was Alex, a prmising yung scientist with a passin fr ____22____.
Alex envisined creating a vlcan mdel fr the fair, cmplete with a(n) ____23____ display using baking sda (小苏打) and vinegar (醋). He was busy with his prject when he nticed Mia, a recent additin t the schl, ____24____ t reslve the cmplexities f the science fair. Instead f being ____25____, Alex decided t extend a helping hand and invited Mia t ____26____ him.
Their wrking tgether became a lively ____27____ f ideas and creativity. Alex patiently explained the scientific methd, ____28____ his knwledge with Mia, wh, in turn, put frward new thughts. They ____29____ searched fr materials, explring science by trial and errr. Time flying, their jint prject, an eye-pening slar-pwered mdel, was ____30____.
On the science fair day, the schl gym was full f scientific wnders. When Alex and Mia cnfidently intrduced their prject and skillfully ____31____ the awe-inspiring sight f vlcanic eruptin, the judges were deeply impressed and awarded them a special ____32____ fr teamwrk.
Alex’s decisin t ____33____ t Mia nt nly made the fair memrable fr them but generated psitive energy amng the students, wh realized that ____34____, as well as kindness, is truly a ____35____ in supprting ne anther in the pursuit f scientific knwledge.
21.
A. daringB. curiusC. hesitantD. eager
22.
A. theryB. bilgyC. experimentsD. adventures
23.
A. burningB. eruptingC. talentD. gravity
24.
A. strugglingB. fferingC. demandingD. managing
25.
A. well-intendedB. self-absrbedC. hard-wrkingD. easy-ging
26.
A. replaceB. accmpanyC. jinD. instruct
27.
A. exchangeB. raceC. changeD. challenge
28.
A. sharingB. checkingC. dubtingD. acquiring
29.
A. aimlesslyB. randmlyC. leisurelyD. tirelessly
30.
A. initiatedB. brnC. plannedD. lcated
31.
A. analyzedB. designedC. filmedD. demnstrated
32.
A. cntractB. recgnitinC. permitD. degree
33.
A. reach utB. get thrughC. give inD. lk up
34.
A. cmpetitinB. dignityC. disciplineD. cperatin
35.
A. destinatinB. subjectC. mustD. signal
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了亚历克斯的年轻人和米娅合作完成一个火山模型的过程和获得认可后的感受。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：渴望的参与者中有一位名叫亚历克斯的年轻科学家，他对实验充满热情，前途无量。A. daring大胆的；B. curius好奇的；C. hesitant犹豫不决的；D. eager渴望的。根据前文的“In Lincln Elementary Schl, the students went wild with excitement n hearing the annuncement f the upcming science fair.”可知，当学生们听到即将到来的科学博览会的消息时，兴奋得发疯，所以大家渴望参与。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：热心的参与者中有一位名叫亚历克斯的年轻科学家，他对实验充满热情，前途无量。A. thery理论；B. bilgy生物学；C. experiments实验；D. adventures冒险。根据后文的“Alex envisined creating a vlcan mdel fr the fair, cmplete with a(n) 3 display using baking sda (小苏打) and vinegar (醋).”可知，亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，对实验充满热情。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，用小苏打和醋来完成火山喷发的展示。A. burning燃烧；B. erupting喷发；C. talent天赋；D. gravity重力。根据前文的“Alex envisined creating a vlcan mdel fr the fair”可知，亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，即完成火山喷发的展示。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当他忙于自己的项目时，他注意到学校新来的米娅正在努力解决科学展览的复杂问题。A. struggling努力；B. ffering提供；C. demanding要求；D. managing管理。根据后文的“t reslve the cmplexities f the science fair”可知，米娅正在努力解决科学展览的复杂问题。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯没有只顾自己，而是决定伸出援助之手，邀请米娅加入他的行列。A. well-intended用意良好；B. self-absrbed只顾自己的，自我专注的；C. hard-wrking勤奋的；D. easy-ging随和的。根据后文的“Alex decided t extend a helping hand and invited Mia t 6 him.”可知，亚历克斯决定伸出援助之手，邀请米娅加入他的行列，所以亚历克斯没有只顾自己。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯没有只顾自己，而是决定伸出援助之手，邀请米娅加入他的行列。A. replace更换；B. accmpany陪伴；C. jin加入；D. instruct指导。根据后文的“Their wrking tgether became a lively 7 f ideas and creativity.”可知，他们的合作成为了思想和创造力的活跃交流，可推知亚历克斯邀请米娅加入他的行列。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的合作成为了思想和创造力的活跃交流。A. exchange交流；B. race快速转动；C. change改变；D. challenge挑战。根据后文的“f ideas and creativity. Alex patiently explained the scientific methd, 8 his knwledge with Mia, wh, in turn, put frward new thughts.”可知，亚历克斯耐心地解释科学方法，并与米娅分享他的知识，而米娅则提出了新的想法。二人的合作成为了思想和创造力的活跃交流。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯耐心地解释科学方法，并与米娅分享他的知识，而米娅则提出了新的想法。A. sharing分享；B. checking检查；C. dubting怀疑；D. acquiring获取。根据前文“Alex patiently explained the scientific methd”和后文的“his knwledge with Mia, wh, in turn, put frward new thughts”可知，亚历克斯耐心地解释科学方法，并与米娅分享他的知识。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们不知疲倦地寻找材料，通过反复试验来探索科学。A. aimlessly漫无目的地；B. randmly随机；C. leisurely悠闲地；D. tirelessly不知疲倦地。根据前文的“searched fr materials, explring science by trial and errr”可知，二人非常努力，反复试验来探索科学，不知疲倦地寻找材料。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：时光飞逝，他们的合作项目——一个令人大开眼界的太阳能模型——诞生了。A. initiated发起；B. brn出生，诞生；C. planned计划；D. lcated定位。根据前文的“Alex envisined creating a vlcan mdel fr the fair”和“Time flying, their jint prject, an eye-pening slar-pwered mdel”可知，亚历克斯设想为博览会制作一个火山模型，经过二人的努力，一个令人大开眼界的太阳能模型诞生了。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Alex和Mia自信地介绍了他们的项目，并熟练地展示了令人敬畏的火山喷发景象时，评委们留下了深刻的印象，并对他们的团队合作给予了特别的认可。A. analyzed分析；B. designed设计；C. filmed拍摄；D. demnstrated演示，展示。根据后文的“the awe-inspiring sight f vlcanic eruptin”可知，他们熟练地展示了令人敬畏的火山喷发景象。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Alex和Mia自信地介绍了他们的项目，并熟练地展示了令人敬畏的火山喷发景象时，评委们留下了深刻的印象，并对他们的团队合作给予了特别的认可。A. cntract合同；B. recgnitin认可；C. permit允许；D. degree程度。根据前文的“the judges were deeply impressed and awarded them a special”可知，他们给评委们留下了深刻的印象，获得了特别的认可。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：亚历克斯向米娅伸出援手的决定不仅让他们难忘，而且在学生中产生了正能量，他们意识到，在追求科学知识的过程中，合作和善良是相互支持的必要条件。A. reach ut伸出手；B. get thrugh通过；C. give in屈服；D. lk up查找。根据前文的“Alex decided t extend a helping hand”和后文“t Mia”可知，亚历克斯向米娅伸出援手。reach ut t sb.“向某人伸出援手”。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯向米娅伸出援手的决定不仅让他们难忘，而且在学生中产生了正能量，他们意识到，在追求科学知识的过程中，合作和善良是相互支持的必要条件。A. cmpetitin比赛；B. dignity尊严；C. discipline纪律；D. cperatin合作。根据前文的“Alex patiently explained the scientific methd, 8 his knwledge with Mia, wh, in turn, put frward new thughts.”和后文“as well as kindness, is truly a 15 in supprting ne anther in the pursuit f scientific knwledge.”可知，二人合作完成了该模型制作，所以他们意识到，在追求科学知识的过程中，合作和善良是相互支持的必要条件。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：亚历克斯向米娅伸出援手的决定不仅让他们难忘，而且在学生中产生了正能量，他们意识到，在追求科学知识的过程中，合作和善良是相互支持的必要条件。A. destinatin目的地；B. subject主题；C. must必要条件；D. signal信号。根据前文的“wh realized that 14 , as well as kindness”和“in supprting ne anther in the pursuit f scientific knwledge”可知，二人合作完成了该模型制作，所以他们意识到合作和善良是相互支持的必要条件，是在追求科学知识的过程中必不可少的。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The farming-themed reality shw Becme a Farmer has taken Chinese scial media by strm, shining a sptlight n agriculture — an essential part f Chinese culture. The wrd “farming”, hwever, may be entirely unfamiliar ____36____ many yung urban Chinese.
T cnnect these individuals with the agricultural industry, the 50-episde variety shw tackles the tpic by asking 10 yung men frm varius fields ____37____ (taste) farm life. During the 190 days, the cast members ____38____ (they) engaged in diverse tasks such as swing, fertilizing and harvesting. They started with limited resurces and gradually ____39____ (build) their lives almst frm nthing. The ____40____ (influence) shw that nt nly entertains but als educates is an interactive reality prgram ____41____ (present) in a dcumentary style.
Yang Changling, chief directr f the prgram, said the shw’s intentin is t shwcase ____42____ practice f farming and t enhance the audience’s understanding f agriculture and raise awareness f fd ____43____ (secure) by sharing these yung peple’s experiences and stries f persnal grwth.
One viewer said “The distinctive prgram has enlightened me the prcess f cultivating a grain f rice.” Whever watches the prgram will realize ____44____ it takes t grw grain. “I wn’t waste fd anymre. Anther said, “I dn’t deny ____45____ (amaze) by the advanced mdern agricultural technlgy and I feel srry fr the back-breaking wrk f farmers wh establish deep rts in the land but nly rely n the weather fr their harvest.”
【答案】36. t 37. t taste
38. themselves
39. built 40. influential
41. presented
42. the 43. security
44. what 45. being amazed
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以农业为主题的真人秀节目《种地吧》的目的和意义。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，对于许多中国城市的年轻人来说，“务农”这个词可能完全陌生。be unfamiliar t sb.“对某人来说不熟悉”，为固定短语，t为介词。故填t。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了将这些人与农业联系起来，这个50集的综艺节目通过让10位来自不同领域的年轻人体验农场生活来解决这个问题。ask sb.t d sth.“请某人做某事”，用taste“体验”的不定式，作宾补。故填t taste。
【38题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：在这190天里，演员们亲自参与了播种、施肥、收获等多种任务。指主语the cast members本身，所以用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：他们从有限的资源开始，逐渐白手起家。有空前的连词and可知，本空和空前的started并列作谓语，所以用build“建立”的过去式。故填 built。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个不仅有趣而且有教育意义的互动真人秀节目以纪录片的方式呈现，它是一个有影响力的节目。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填 influential。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个不仅有趣而且有教育意义的互动真人秀节目以纪录片的方式呈现，它是一个有影响力的节目。 本句系动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，且prgram 与present“展现，呈现”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填presented。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该节目的总导演杨长岭表示，该节目的目的是展示农业实践，通过分享这些年轻人的经历和个人成长的故事，增强观众对农业的了解，提高他们对粮食安全的认识。结合句意可知，此处特指农业实践，所以用定冠词the。故填 the。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：该节目的总导演杨长玲表示，该节目的目的是展示农业实践，通过分享这些年轻人的经历和个人成长的故事，增强观众对农业的了解，提高他们对粮食安全的认识。作介词f的宾语，所以用名词security，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。fd security“粮食安全”。故填security。
【44题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：无论谁看了这个节目，都会意识到种植粮食需要付出什么。分析句子结构可知，本空引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，用what引导。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我不否认我对先进的现代农业技术感到惊讶，我为那些在土地上深深扎根却只依靠天气来收获的农民的辛苦工作感到遗憾。deny ding sth.“否认做某事”，I与amaze“使惊奇，使惊愕”为被动关系，用动名词的被动形式，填being amazed，作宾语。故填being amazed。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见，请你给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由，内容包括：
1.材料选择；
2.阅读形式（小组合作或自主阅读）。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ryan,
I’m delighted t hear abut yur plan t launch an English reading activity. Here are my suggestins.
Firstly, as fr the reading materials, I suggest we chse a variety f texts t cater t different interests and reading levels. This diversity will nt nly enrich ur reading experience but als braden ur hrizns. Secndly, regarding the reading frmat, I prpse a cmbinatin f bth grup cllabratin and independent reading. Grup cllabratin can fster a lively discussin and encurage students t share their insights, while independent reading allws individuals t delve deeper int the texts at their wn pace.
What I strngly believe is that these suggestins will cntribute t the success f ur reading activity.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是一封建议信。要求考生以李华的身份，就你校外教Ryan打算开展英语阅读活动，现向学生征求意见一事，给外教回复一封邮件，陈述建议并给出理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased/glad
各种各样的：a variety f → varius/a wide range f
建议：suggest→ recmmend
相信：believe→ be cnvinced f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m delighted t hear abut yur plan t launch an English reading activity.
拓展句：I’m delighted t learn that yur plan t launch an English reading activity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This diversity will nt nly enrich ur reading experience but als braden ur hrizns.（使用了nt nly…but als结构）
【高分句型2】What I strngly believe is that these suggestins will cntribute t the success f ur reading activity.（使用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Last Christmas my lder sister Jane gt a unicycle (独轮脚踏车) she had requested. I thught it kind f strange, wndering why she wuld want smething like that. She did ride and practice fr a while, but eventually stpped.
Curius, I tried it, finding it very hard and thinking it impssible fr a weak girl like me t learn. Since ur dining rm f ur ld huse had lw beams (屋梁), I used them like mnkey bars t practice riding, which helped a lt. Because I thught it was really fun, I practiced every spare mment I had, teaching myself t g frwards, backwards and t turn. Practicing was smething I lved t d in my spare time, but it did get discuraging when I fell. After mnths f practicing, I finally made it.
One mrning, ur teacher Maria excitedly annunced that a schl talent shw was t be held t raise mney fr charity. She encuraged my classmates t sign up fr it. I’m nt always best in frnt f a crwd, which was why I was very nervus when I meant t put n my perfrmance by ding a hula hp (圈) and riding a unicycle n stage. But I vercame my fear and entered myself fr the talent shw, fr which I practiced a lt in case I shuld mess up.
My rutine (整套动作) was t d the hula hp frm my neck, dwn t my stmach, then t my knees. After that, I was t ride my unicycle frwards and backwards n stage. Lastly I wuld d the hula hp while riding the unicycle. I was t d all this accmpanied by my carefully selected music. I wndered what peple frm my seventh grade wuld think f my perfrmance. With my friends inspiring me, I built up my cnfidence. On the night f the shw, many peple fund ut there was ging t be a unicycle perfrmance, s mre came, even the headmaster.
Para. 1: I was bth nervus and excited when it was my turn.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para. 2: When I gt hme, I culdn’t wait t check my mbile phne left at hme.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I was bth nervus and excited when it was my turn. I had a deep breath and then rde my unicycle twards the stage. When I heard the music, I started t put the hula hp in my neck. Carefully, I mved it dwn t my stmach. Everything seemed gd. The audiences applauded fr me when the hula hp was abut t my knees. And then, an unlucky thing happened. I didn’t ride backwards firmly s I tumbled. At that mment I felt my heart was brken. Hwever, after a very shrt rest, I std up with my red face. I tried again and finally, I made it. Seeing this, all the audiences cheered and applauded happily.
When I gt hme, I culdn’t wait t check my mbile phne left at hme. My deskmate Mary sent the perfrmance vide t me and expressed that she was s prud f me. There are als many messages frm my classmates and teachers, which encuraged me a lt. Nt nly culd I challenge myself but als I helped my schl raise mney fr charity in this perfrmance.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者描述了自己在家练习了骑着独轮车跳呼啦圈，还报名了学校的才艺表演，为慈善事业筹集资金。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：轮到我时，我既紧张又兴奋。所以应该写我演出的过程，要详细描述我是如何表演并战胜了困难。第二段开头是：当我回到家的时候，我迫不及待地想看看我留在家里的手机。本段应该写我完成表演回到家后收到同学们老师们的鼓励。
注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右，续写还要使用文中的的一些关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：have a deep breath，be abut t，at that mment，stand up，make it，be prud f，nt nly… but als…等高级词汇；when引导的时间状语从句When I heard the music, I started t put the hula hp in my neck.；at that mment连接的时间状语从句At that mment I felt my heart was brken.；现在分词作状语Seeing this, all the audiences cheered and applauded happily.；that引导的宾语从句My deskmate Mary sent the perfrmance vide t me and expressed that she was s prud f me.；there be句型和which引导的非限制性定语从句There are als many messages frm my classmates and teachers, which encuraged me a lt.；部分倒装句Nt nly culd I challenge myself but als I helped my schl raise mney fr charity in this perfrmance.等高级句式。
听力 1—5 BACCC 6—10 BBAAC 11—15 BCBBC 16—20 BCCBB
Why students shuld chse a subject
Why students shuld NOT chse a subject
Ability
The student has a natural talent fr a particular subject area.
The student thinks that it will be an easy ptin.
Interest
The student enjys studying the subject, which will help keep them mtivated when things get tugh.
The student’s friends are ding it s they think it will be fun.
Future
It relates t the student’s career plan and will help them develp relevant skills fr their future.
The student did nt have time t research their ptins prperly.
Advice
The student has discussed their ptins with their teachers and parents and they have agreed it is a gd idea.
The student is nly ding the subject because smene else tld them t d it.
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