2024届陕西省铜川市高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2024届陕西省铜川市高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试题（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，改错，书信写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Future Industries: Which Ones Will Rule?
As we mve twards the future, it is imprtant t cnsider which industries will have the greatest ptential fr grwth and success. Here are a few f the mst prmising sectrs:
These are just a few f the many industries that are expected t see significant grwth in the cming years. By keeping an eye n these trends, investrs can psitin themselves fr success in the future.
1．Which industry has been prmted by the cntinuus aging sciety?
A．Technlgy.B．Healthcare.C．E-cmmerce.D．Educatin.
2．What is the direct reasn fr the increasing emphasis n renewable energy?
A．Glbal climate change.
B．The imprvement f technlgy.
C．The shrtage f nn-renewable resurces.
D．The glbalizatin and industrial cmpetitin.
3．What makes educatin a prmising industry in the future?
A．An increase in ppulatin.
B．The demand fr nline shpping.
C．The develpment f ecnmy.
D．Training fr talents with particular skills.
Frm the wrld’s last seven t a glbal ppulatin f mre than 5,000, China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises (朱鹮) frm the edge f extinctin.
With its typical red crest and face, as well as a lng black muth and snw-white feathers, the crested ibis is knwn as the “Oriental Gem” in China. They were nce widespread in East Asia and Siberia until the 20th century when hunting, eclgical damage, and increased human activities drve the birds t near extinctin.
In 1981, the entire species arund the wrld was dwn t the seven crested ibises which were fund nly in Yangxian Cunty, nrthwest China’s Shaanxi Prvince, and deep in the Qinling Muntains, making Qinling, a natural bundary between China’s nrth and suth, the “Nah’s Ark (诺亚方舟) ” f the wild bird.
Since 1981, the lcal gvernment f Yangxian Cunty has put frward fur bans fr the prtectin f the species, prhibiting activities including hunting in the birds' living areas, cutting dwn trees where they nest, using chemicals in their fd-finding areas, and firing guns in their breeding (繁殖) areas. The Chinese gvernment arranged special funds t prtect the habitat f crested ibises, sealing ff muntains t plant trees in the birds’ living areas. China started the artificial breeding f crested ibises in 1991 and has bred mre than 400 birds in Shaanxi.
Years f cnstant effrt have brught prmising results. It is estimated that there are mre than 5,000 crested ibises in the wrld nw, and abut half f them live in Shaanxi. The bird’s habitat in China has risen frm less than five square kilmetres in 1981 t the current 15,000 km².
“It is lucky that the crested ibis, an ancient bird, is still flying arund,” said Zan Linsen, head f the Shaanxi Academy f Frestry. “The cnservatin stry f crested ibises nt nly shws us the pwer f ancient life but als the necessity and urgency f eclgical envirnment prtectin.”
4．Why are the Qinling Muntains s imprtant fr crested ibises?
A．They used t be the last habitat f crested ibises.
B．They are where crested ibises were first fund.
C．They prtect crested ibises frm natural enemies.
D．They are the nly breeding area f crested ibises.
5．What can we cnclude frm the furth paragraph?
A．It's legal t wn hunting guns in Yangxian Cunty.
B．Crested ibises are unlikely t be bred artificially.
C．The gvernment plays a key rle in saving crested ibises.
D．Hunting has been the biggest threat t crested ibises.
6．Hw des Zan Linsen feel abut the cnservatin f crested ibises?
A．Prud and ambitius.B．Relieved and happy.
C．Srry and regretful.D．Shcked and curius.
7．Which culd be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Artificial Breeding f Crested Ibises in China
B．Rare Animals in China: Crested Ibises
C．Crested Ibises Fund Again in the Qinling Muntains
D．Endangered Crested Ibises Making a Cmeback
Nt many peple knw the fact but dyeing textiles (染色纺织品) are a huge factr in damaging bth human health and the envirnment. Scientists in Australia may have discvered a way t slve this prblem by making changes t the cttn plant’s genes in rder fr it t naturally prduce varius clured cttn.
These scientists have been explring the cncept f trying gene-editing in rder t change the clur f natural fibers fund in the cttn plant. S far, their experiment has prduced clured cttn in a petri dish (培养皿). Scientists hpe that this means they can perfect the prcess in rder t grw the crps in the fields.
Often the agriculture and fuel industries are clsely examined fr their influences n the envirnment, but the textile industry is nt t be verlked and certainly has things t feel guilty abut. The textile industry cntributes 10% f glbal carbn emissins, largely due t the rise f fast fashin, which sees 80 t 100 billin items f clthes prduced annually.
This creates a large amunt f physical waste and als cntributes t ther extremely detrimental effects n the envirnment. Cttn is quite the thirsty crp, needing 2,700 liters f water t create nly ne cttn T-shirt. That places extra stress in regins that d nt have a steady water supply available. And, textile dyes frequently end up in natural water systems, darkening the water and disturbing the bichemical balance.
Frtunately, peple’s desire t prtect the envirnment has been grwing ver time and mre and mre peple are turning t mre sustainable fashin chices. Larger brands have an eye n these trends and are als prmising t try t develp mre water-free dyeing technlgies.
8．Hw may scientists in Australia slve the prblem caused by dyeing textiles?
A．By dyeing the cttn befre it is cllected.
B．By discvering natural plant-based textile fibers.
C．By transfrming the dyes int ec-friendly nes.
D．By changing the cttn’s genes.
9．What des the third paragraph intend t tell us?
A．The rise f fast fashin is t blame fr the envirnmental pllutin.
B．The envirnmental impact f the textile industry shuld be taken seriusly.
C．The clthing industry shuld be thrughly examined.
D．The carbn emissins frm the textile industry are limited.
10．What des the underlined wrd “detrimental” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Harmful.B．Shrt-term.C．Magical.D．Decisive.
11．What might cntribute t the develpment f dyeing technlgies?
A．Clthing prducers’ scial respnsibility.
B．Peple’s cnsumptin cncepts.
C．Peple’s awareness f envirnmental prtectin.
D．Large brands’ desire t keep pace with fashin.
We knw that spending lts f time sitting dwn isn’t gd fr us, but just hw much exercise is needed t match the negative health effects f sitting dwn all day? Research suggests abut 30—40 minutes per day f building up a sweat shuld d it.
Up t 40 minutes f“mderate(温和的)t vigrus(有力的)intensity physical activity” every day is abut the right amunt t balance ut 10 hurs f sitting still, the research says—althugh any amunt f exercise r even just standing up helps t sme extent.
That’s based n a study published in 2020 analyzing nine previus studies, invlving a ttal f 44, 370 peple in fur different cuntries wh were wearing sme frm f fitness tracker. The analysis fund the risk f death amng thse with a mre sedentary(久坐的)lifestyle went up as time spent engaging in mderate-t-vigrus intensity physical activity went dwn. In ther wrds, putting in sme reasnably intensive activities—cycling, brisk walking, gardening—can lwer yur risk f an earlier death.
While analyses like this ne always require sme detailed dt-jining acrss separate studies with different vlunteers, timescales and cnditins, the benefit f this particular piece f research is that it relied n relatively bjective data frm wearables—nt data self-reprted by the participants.
The research based n fitness trackers is bradly in line with the 2020 WHO guidelines, which recmmend 150—300 mins f mderate intensity r 75—150 mins f vigrus intensity physical activity every week t balance ut sedentary behaviur.
Walking up the stairs instead f taking the lift, playing with children and pets, taking part in yga r dancing, ding husehld chres, walking, and cycling are all put frward as ways in which peple can be mre active—and if yu can’t manage the 30—40 minutes right away, the researchers say, start ff small.
12．Hw des the authr start the text?
A．By telling stries.B．By listing numbers.
C．By giving examples.D．By raising questins.
13．What did the research find?
A．The lnger yu sit still, the earlier yu will die.
B．The mre yu exercise, the healthier yu will be.
C．Prductivity can be imprved thrugh physical activities.
D．Prper intensive activities help reduce the risk f earlier death.
14．Why is the research reliable?
A．It’s based n previus studies.
B．Its data is relatively bjective.
C．It’s carried ut in different cuntries.
D．Its data is frm the participants’reprts.
15．What is the main purpse f the text?
A．T analyze the risk f sitting still.
B．T recmmend a healthy lifestyle.
C．T inspire peple t d mre exercise.
D．T shw benefits f physical activities.
Watching a mvie can be a magical experience, but d yu knw that the music in the films we watch has always been an imprtant part f creating that magical experience? 16
The first cmmercial film with sund came ut in 1927. 17 Even back in the early days f silent films，mst mvie theatres hired a musician r a grup f musicians t prvide music, mstly t drwn ut the sund f the film prjectrs (放映机) and peple talking.
As sund-n-film technlgy develped, cmpsers were hired t create riginal music fr films. Like music written fr an pera，film music serves t advance the stry and the actin. 18 In the same way, a film cmpser needs t supprt the screenplay’s stryline. The music als needs t reflect the screenplay’s md, which includes everything frm the actin n the screen t sund effects t dialgue.
Music has a language f its wn. The right piece f music can imprve and smetimes even change a viewer’s ideas f what is taking place nscreen. Mst f the time, music is used t stress the actin nscreen, imprve the md f a scene, freshadw actin that is abut t take place r even shw the emtin f a character. 19 But in many instances the emtinal pwer f the visuals wuld nt be as great were it nt fr the music.
20 Ask yurself, “Hw wuld this scene feel if the music were different? Is the cmpser trying t tell me hw I shuld feel? Or are they merely pushing me in an emtinal directin?”
A．S, hw is the film music created?
B．Withut it, it wuld be hard t imagine the scene.
C．An pera cmpser must fllw the text f the pera.
D．Usually, cmpsers and filmmakers dn’t want t vershadw a film.
E．S the next time yu watch a mvie, pay clse attentin t the music.
F．The music in a film makes yu cheer fr the her and cry at the drama.
G．Since then, music has been pwerfully linked t the mvie-watching experience.
二、完形填空
When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ag, she was surprised t cme acrss a market in Bmbay filled with rws f ivry jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues. 21 , ivry trade has been illegal fr mre than 30 years, and elephant hunting has been 22 in India since the 1970s.
“I was quite 23 ,” the 17-year-ld recalls. “Because paching (偷猎) is illegal, 24 it is still such a big issue?”
25 , Puri did sme research and discvered a shcking 26 : Africa’s frest elephant ppulatin had 27 by abut 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers cntinued t drp. Puri, a wildlife lver, wanted t d smething t help 28 the species and thers that are still likely t be 29 by paching.
Over the curse f tw years, Puri 30 EISa, a lw-cs t prduct f a machine learning-driven sftware that 31 mvement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外) vides f humans and 32 . The sftware is fur times mre 33 than the existing mst advanced detectin methds. ElSa uses a $250 FLIR ONE Pr thermal 34 with 206 * 156 reslutin (分辨率) that plugs int an ff-the-shelf iPhne 6. The camera and iPhne are then 35 t a drne (无人机) , and the system 36 real-time inferences as it flies ver parks as t whether 37 belw are humans r elephants.
Its ptential impact n sciety 38 her the Peggy Scripps Award fr Science Cmmunicatin. “ 39 isn’t a straight line,” Puri says. “It makes me resurceful. It helps me 40 a mre creative thinker.”
21．A．FrtunatelyB．CurrentlyC．GlballyD．Eventually
22．A．cancelledB．expandedC．prhibitedD．prnunced
23．A．puzzledB．shckedC．embarrassedD．interested
24．A．what ifB．hw cmeC．s whatD．what abut
25．A．CuriusB．CautiusC．DisappintedD．Cnfident
26．A．lessnB．levelC．sceneD．statistic
27．A．risenB．increasedC．changedD．declined
28．A．detectB．distinguishC．prtectD．stabilize
29．A．harmedB．causedC．ccupiedD．defended
30．A．discveredB．recmmendedC．plannedD．created
31．A．analyzesB．cmparesC．describesD．prvides
32．A．parksB．elephantsC．speciesD．images
33．A．cmplexB．ppularC．accurateD．difficult
34．A．machineB．sftwareC．cameraD．vide
35．A．accustmedB．limitedC．relatedD．attached
36．A．prducesB．sharesC．chsesD．cllects
37．A．insectsB．bjectsC．picturesD．targets
38．A．earnedB．electedC．presentedD．cnsidered
39．A．LifeB．ResearchC．GrwthD．Relatinship
40．A．get intB．break intC．intrduce intD．develp int
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many cuntries arund Asia have unique ways f bserving Lunar New Year. Sme f these are famus, but Singapre has ne special way, 41 yu may nt knw abut. Each year, cks acrss the cuntry prepare yu sheng, a salad made with raw fish. The salad is placed at the centre f a dinner table. Diners will gather arund and use their chpsticks 42 (thrw) the salad up int the air. This practice is knwn 43 L Hei.
Since its rigins as 44 simple raw fish dish back in the 1930s，the recipe has undergne a series f transfrmatins, and even until tday, peple are still finding innvative ways t present this dish. The dish 45 (bring)t Singapre in the late 19th century by the migrants frm China.
“L Hei”, in Cantnese (广东话) 46 (literal) translates t “tssing (掷) up gd frtune”, and it refers t the ritual (仪式) adpted in Singapre that invlves a grup f peple gathered arund a 47 (mass) plate, tssing its cntents vilently while saying ut lucky 48 (phrase) befre eating it. Fr example, when the glden crackers (薄脆饼干) are added, everyne will say “bian di huang jin”. This 49 (mean) “the entire flr will be cvered with gld”. A1s, it is ppularly believed that the higher the tss, the 50 (gd) yur prspects and frtune in the year ahead.
四、改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
At my schl, we aren’t allwed t chew gum during class. But smetimes I chew it during breaks instead. Last week, I frgt t spitting ut my gum befre cming int the classrm. I knew if I was catching, I’d get in truble. What a awful mve! Unfrtunately, my gum started g dwn my thrat, and I chked when try t spit it back up. My teacher, Miss Green, cmes ver t find ut what was the matter with. At that time I spit the gum right in his hair. My classmate burst ut laughing.
五、书信写作
52．假定你是李华，今天是奶奶的生日，但是你要参加一场重要的考试，无法参加她的生日聚会。请你根据以下提示，写一封电子邮件给奶奶。内容包括：
1. 表达问候和感激之情；
2. 说明缺席的原因；
3. 期待再次见面。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Grandma，
It’s a special day, yur birthday!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Lve，
Li Hua
Technlgy
The technlgy industry has been n an upward trend fr years and shws n signs f slwing dwn. Frm artificial intelligence and virtual reality t blckchain and the Internet f Things, there are cuntless pprtunities in this field.
Healthcare
With an aging ppulatin and increasing demand fr healthcare services, the healthcare industry is expected t see significant grwth in the cming years. This includes everything frm medical devices and medicines t telemedicine and hme health care.
Renewableenergy
As cncerns abut climate change cntinue t munt, there is grwing demand fr clean and sustainable energy surces. Slar, wind, and hydrpwer are just a few f the renewable energy sectrs that are ready fr explsive grwth.
E-cmmerce
Online shpping has becme increasingly ppular ver the past decade, and this trend shws n signs f stpping. As mre peple turn t e-cmmerce fr their shpping needs, businesses in this space will cntinue t thrive.
Educatin
With the rise f autmatin and artificial intelligence, there is a grwing need fr wrkers with specialized skills and knwledge. This has led t a large increase in demand fr educatin and training prgrammes, making this sectr a prmising ne fr investment.
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．D
【导语】
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了引领未来的行业。
1．细节理解题。根据题干中“by the cntinuus aging sciety”可定位到第二个行业中的“With an aging ppulatin and increasing demand fr healthcare services, the healthcare industry is expected t see significant grwth in the cming years.(随着人口老龄化和对医疗保健服务需求的增加，医疗保健行业预计将在未来几年出现显著增长)”可知，随着老龄化社会的不断发展，医疗保健得到了极大的促进。故选B。
2．细节理解题，根据题干中“renewable energy”可定位第三个行业，根据“As cncerns abut climate change cntinue t munt, there is grwing demand fr clean and sustainable energy surces.(随着对气候变化的担忧不断加剧，对清洁和可持续能源的需求日益增长)”可知，全球气候变化是人们越来越重视可再生能源的直接原因。故选A。
3．
细节理解题。根据题干中“educatin”可定位最后一个行业。根据“With the rise f autmatin and artificial intelligence, there is a grwing need fr wrkers with specialized skills and knwledge.(随着自动化和人工智能的兴起，对具有专业技能和知识的工人的需求越来越大)”可知，培养具有特殊技能的人才使教育在未来成为一个有前途的产业。故选D。
4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。40年保护，朱鹮归来！ 从独孤七只到千鹮竞翔，从秦岭飞向世界，从踪迹难觅到近在咫尺，中国创造了生态保护的经典范例。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段“In 1981, the entire species arund the wrld was dwn t the seven crested ibises which were fund nly in Yangxian Cunty, nrthwest China’s Shaanxi Prvince, and deep in the Qinling Muntains, making Qinling, a natural bundary between China’s nrth and suth, the “Nah’s Ark (诺亚方舟) ” f the wild bird. (1981年，世界上的朱鹮只剩下7只，这些朱鹮只在中国西北陕西省阳县和秦岭山脉深处发现，使秦岭这个中国南北自然边界成为野鸟的“诺亚方舟”。)”可知，1981年，世界上的最后7 只朱鹮在秦岭地区被发现，这一地区是朱鹮的“诺亚方舟”，即最后的栖息地。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段“Since 1981, the lcal gvernment f Yangxian Cunty has put frward fur bans fr the prtectin f the species, prhibiting activities including hunting in the birds' living areas, cutting dwn trees where they nest, using chemicals in their fd-finding areas, and firing guns in their breeding (繁殖) areas. The Chinese gvernment arranged special funds t prtect the habitat f crested ibises, sealing ff muntains t plant trees in the birds’ living areas. China started the artificial breeding f crested ibises in 1991 and has bred mre than 400 birds in Shaanxi. (自1981年以来，阳县当地政府提出了四项保护物种的禁令，禁止在鸟类的生活区狩猎，砍伐它们筑巢的树木，在它们寻找食物的区域使用化学品，以及在它们的繁殖区域开枪。中国政府安排了专项资金来保护朱鹮的栖息地，在朱鹮的栖息地封山植树。中国于1991年开始人工繁殖朱鹮，目前已在陕西繁殖了400多只朱鹮。)”可知，中央政府和地方政府出台了一系列保护措施， 这对挽救濒临灭绝的朱鹮起到了至关重要的作用。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段““It is lucky that the crested ibis, an ancient bird, is still flying arund,” said Zan Linsen, head f the Shaanxi Academy f Frestry. “The cnservatin stry f crested ibises nt nly shws us the pwer f ancient life but als the necessity and urgency f eclgical envirnment prtectin.” (陕西林业科学研究院院长昝林森说：“很幸运，朱鹮这种古老的鸟类现在还在飞来飞去。”“朱鹮的保护故事不仅向我们展示了古代生命的力量，也向我们展示了生态环境保护的必要性和紧迫性。”)”可知，他对朱鹮保护事业的成功感到欣慰和高兴。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中“Frm the wrld’s last seven t a glbal ppulatin f mre than 5,000, China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises (朱鹮) frm the edge f extinctin. (从世界上最后的7只到全球5000多只，中国花了近40年的时间把朱鹮从灭绝的边缘救了回来。)”可知，本文主要讲述了濒危鸟类朱鹮在中国成功实现种群恢复的故事。故D项“Endangered Crested Ibises Making a Cmeback (濒临灭绝的朱鹮卷土重来)”符合题意。故选D。
8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚科学家通过基因重组，培育不同颜色的棉花。
8．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Nt many peple knw the fact but dyeing textiles (染色纺织品) are a huge factr in damaging bth human health and the envirnment. Scientists in Australia may have discvered a way t slve this prblem by making changes t the cttn plant’s genes in rder fr it t naturally prduce varius clured cttn.(没有多少人知道这个事实，但对纺织品进行染色是损害人类健康和环境的一个巨大因素。澳大利亚的科学家们可能已经发现了一种解决这个问题的方法，通过改变棉花的基因，使其自然地生产出各种颜色的棉花)”可知，澳大利亚的一些科学家通过改变棉花的基因来解决纺织品染色带来的问题。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“Often the agriculture and fuel industries are clsely examined fr their influences n the envirnment, but the textile industry is nt t be verlked and certainly has things t feel guilty abut. The textile industry cntributes 10% f glbal carbn emissins, largely due t the rise f fast fashin, which sees 80 t 100 billin items f clthes prduced annually.(农业和燃料工业对环境的影响经常受到密切关注，但纺织工业也不容忽视，当然也有值得内疚的地方。纺织业占全球碳排放量的10%，这主要是由于快时尚的兴起，每年生产800亿至1000亿件衣服)”可推知，本段旨在说明纺织业对环境的影响应该引起重视。故选B。
10．词句猜测题。根据划线词前的“This creates a large amunt f physical waste and als cntributes t ther extremely(这造成了大量的物理废物，也有助于其他极端)”及下文“Cttn is quite the thirsty crp, needing 2,700 liters f water t create nly ne cttn T-shirt. That places extra stress in regins that d nt have a steady water supply available. And, textile dyes frequently end up in natural water systems, darkening the water and disturbing the bichemical balance.(棉花是非常耗水的作物，生产一件棉质T恤需要2700升水。这给没有稳定供水的地区带来了额外的压力。而且，纺织染料经常进入自然水系，使水变暗，扰乱生物化学平衡)”可知，此处在介绍纺织工业对环境的不良影响。由此可知，划线词detrimental与harmful“有害的；不利的”意思一致。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Frtunately, peple’s desire t prtect the envirnment has been grwing ver time and mre and mre peple are turning t mre sustainable fashin chices. Larger brands have an eye n these trends and are als prmising t try t develp mre water-free dyeing technlgies.(幸运的是，随着时间的推移，人们保护环境的愿望越来越强烈，越来越多的人开始转向更可持续的时尚选择。较大的品牌也在关注这些趋势，并承诺尝试开发更多的无水染色技术)”可推知，正是人们环保意识的增强引发了这一系列的反应，从而促进了印染技术的发展。故选C。
12．D 13．D 14．B 15．C
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该需要多少锻炼来抵消我们久坐所造成的负面影响，从而鼓励人们多参加锻炼。
12．推理判断题，根据第一段第一句“We knw that spending lts f time sitting dwn isn’t gd fr us but just hw much exercise is needed t match the negative health effects f sitting dwn all day?”（我们知道花很多时间坐着对我们没有好处，但我们知道需要多少运动才能应对整天坐着对健康的负面影响）可知，本文以设问的方式开篇。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“In ther wrds, putting in sme reasnably intensive activities—cycling, brisk walking, gardening—can lwer yur risk f an earlier death.”（换句话说，进行一些强度合理的活动——骑自行车、快走、园艺——可以降低你过早死亡的风险。）可知，这个研究发现恰当的高强度活动有助于减少早亡的风险。故选D项。
14．细节理解题，根据第四段中“the benefit f this particular piece f research is that it relied n relatively bjective data frm wearables—nt data self-reprted by the participants”（这项研究的好处是，它依赖于可穿戴设备的相对客观的数据，而不是参与者自我报告的数据）可知，这个调查可信是因为它的数据相对来说更客观。故选B项。
15．推理判断题，根据文章最后一段“Walking up the stairs instead f taking the lift，playing with children and pets，taking part in yga r dancing, ding husehld chres, walking, and cycling are all put frward as ways in which peple can be mre active—and if yu can’t manage the 30—40 minutes right away, the researchers say, start ff small.”（研究人员表示，走楼梯而不是乘电梯、与儿童和宠物玩耍、参加瑜伽或舞蹈、做家务、散步和骑自行车都是人们更活跃的方式——如果你不能马上完成30-40分钟，那就从小处着手。）可知，本文的主要目的是通过介绍我们应该需要多少锻炼来抵消我们久坐所造成的负面影响来鼓励我们多参加锻炼。故选C项。
16．B 17．G 18．C 19．D 20．E
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了配乐对一部电影的重要性。
16．根据上文“Watching a mvie can be a magical experience, but d yu knw that the music in the films we watch has always been an imprtant part f creating that magical experience?(看电影可能是一种神奇的体验，但你知道吗，我们看电影中的音乐一直是创造这种神奇体验的重要组成部分？)”可知，选项承接上文说明音乐的重要性。故B选项“如果没有它，很难想象会是什么样子”切题。故选B项。
17．根据上文“The first cmmercial film with sund came ut in 1927.(1927年，第一部有声商业电影问世)”可知，选项承接上文说明第一部有声商业电影问世以来音乐就与观影体验紧密相连了。故G选项“从那时起，音乐就与观影体验紧密相连”切题。故选G项。
18．根据下文“In the same way, a film cmpser needs t supprt the screenplay’s stryline. (同样，电影作曲家也需要支持剧本的故事情节)”可知，选项与下文为并列关系，说明歌剧作曲要遵循的原则。故C选项“歌剧作曲家要遵循歌剧的文本”切题。故选C项。
19．根据下文“But in many instances the emtinal pwer f the visuals wuld nt be as great were it nt fr the music. (但在许多情况下，如果没有音乐，视觉效果的情感力量就不会那么强大)”可知，空处与下文为转折关关系，说明了作曲家和电影人不希望看到的效果。故D选项“通常情况下，作曲家和电影人都不想让音乐盖过电影的风头”切题。故选D项。
20．根据下文“Ask yurself, “Hw wuld this scene feel if the music were different? Is the cmpser trying t tell me hw I shuld feel? Or are they merely pushing me in an emtinal directin?” (问问自己，“如果音乐不同，这个场景会有什么感觉？作曲家是想告诉我应该有什么感觉吗？还是他们只是在把我推向情绪化的方向？”)”可知，要多多注意音乐要表达的作用。故E选项“所以下次你看电影的时候，要注意音乐”切题。故选E项。
21．C 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．C 34．C 35．D 36．A 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Anika Puri 在与家人外出旅行中偶然间发现盗猎大象的现象，于是她通过观察和研究，发明了EISa软件来帮助保护大象。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在全球范围内，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的，自20世纪70年代以来，印度一直禁止狩猎大象。A. Frtunately幸运的是；B. Currently目前；C. Glbally全球地；D. Eventually最后。根据前文的“When Anika Puri visited India with her family years ag, she was surprised t cme acrss a market in Bmbay filled with rws f ivry jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues.”可知，几年前，当安妮卡·普里和家人一起去印度旅行时，她惊讶地发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像，她之所以惊讶是因为在全球范围内，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的。故选C项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在全球范围内，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的，自20世纪70年代以来，印度一直禁止狩猎大象。A. cancelled取消；B. expanded膨胀；C. prhibited禁用；D. prnunced宣布。根据前文的“ivry trade has been illegal fr mre than 30 years”和“in India since the 1970s.”可知，30多年来象牙贸易一直是非法的，所以可推知自20世纪70年代以来，印度一直禁止狩猎大象。故选C项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我非常震惊，”这位17岁的少年回忆道。A. puzzled困惑的；B. shcked震惊的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据前文的“she was surprised t cme acrss a market in Bmbay filled with rws f ivry jewelry (象牙饰品) and statues.”和后文的““Because paching (偷猎) is illegal, 4 it is still such a big issue?””可知，偷猎是非法的，她发现孟买的一个市场里摆满了成排的象牙珠宝和雕像，所以她非常震惊。故选B项。
24．考查固定短语辨析。句意：因为偷猎是非法的，为什么这仍然是一个大问题？A. what if如果……怎么办；B. hw cme为什么，怎么会；C. s what那又怎么样；D. what abut……怎么了。根据前文的“it is still such a big issue”可知，偷猎是非法的，所以作者问为什么这仍然是一个大问题。故选B项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出于好奇，普里做了一些研究，发现了一个令人震惊的统计数据：2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量减少了约62%。A. Curius好奇的；B. Cautius谨慎的；C. Disappinted失望的；D. Cnfident自信的。根据前文的“Because paching (偷猎) is illegal, 4 it is still such a big issue?”和后文“Puri did sme research and discvered a shcking ”可知，偷猎是非法的，所以作者问为什么这仍然是一个大问题，带着好奇，普里做了一些研究。故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于好奇，普里做了一些研究，发现了一个令人震惊的统计数据：2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量减少了约62%。A. lessn课程；B. level等级；C. scene场景；D. statistic统计数据。根据后文的“Africa’s frest elephant ppulatin had 7 by abut 62 percent between 2002 and 2011”可知，2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量减少了约62%，这些是令人震惊的统计数据。故选D项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于好奇，普里做了一些研究，发现了一个令人震惊的统计数据：2002年至2011年间，非洲森林象的数量下降了约62%。A. risen上升；B. increased增加；C. changed改变；D. declined减少，下降。根据后文的“by abut 62 percent between 2002 and 2011. Years later, the numbers cntinued t drp.”可知，数年后，这一数字继续下降，可知此处说的是非洲森林象的数量下降了约62%。故选D项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：普里是一名野生动物爱好者，他想做点什么来帮助保护这些物种，以及其他可能因偷猎而受到伤害的物种。A. detect检测；B. distinguish区分；C. prtect保护；D. stabilize稳定。根据前文的“Puri, a wildlife lver”可知，普里是一名野生动物爱好者，所以他想做点什么来帮助保护这些物种。故选C项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：普里是一名野生动物爱好者，他想做点什么来帮助保护这些物种，以及其他可能因偷猎而受到伤害的物种。A. harmed伤害；B. caused引起；C. ccupied占用；D. defended保护。根据后文的“by paching”可知，普里想保护因偷猎而受到伤害的物种。故选A项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在两年的时间里，普里创造了EISa，这是一款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。A. discvered发现；B. recmmended推荐；C. planned计划；D. created创建，创造。根据后文的“EISa, a lw-cs t prduct f a machine learning-driven sftware”可知，EISa，这款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，是普里创造的。故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在两年的时间里，普里创造了EISa，这是一款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。A. analyzes分析；B. cmpares比较；C. describes描述；D. prvides提供。根据后文的“mvement patterns in thermal infrared (热红外) vides f humans and 12 ”可知，这款软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。故选A项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在两年的时间里，普里创造了EISa，这是一款低成本的机器学习驱动软件产品，可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。A. parks公园；B. elephants大象；C. species物种；D. images图像。根据后文的“and the system 16 real-time inferences as it flies ver parks as t whether 17 belw are humans r elephants.”可知，系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象，所以EISa可以分析人类和大象的热红外视频中的运动模式。故选B项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该软件比现有最先进的检测方法精确四倍。A. cmplex复杂的；B. ppular流行的；C. accurate准确的；D. difficult困难的。根据后文的“ElSa uses a $250 FLIR ONE Pr thermal 14 with 206 * 156 reslutin (分辨率) that plugs int an ff-the-shelf iPhne 6.”可知，该软件非常先进，非常精确，可推知该软件比现有最先进的检测方法精确四倍。故选C项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：ElSa使用的是一台售价250美元的FLIR ONE Pr热成像相机，分辨率为206 * 156，可插入现成的iPhne 6。A. machine机器；B. sftware软件；C. camera摄像机，相机；D. vide视频。根据后文的“with 206 * 156 reslutin (分辨率) that plugs int an ff-the-shelf iPhne 6”可知，分辨率为206 * 156，可推知这是热成像相机。故选C项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后将摄像头和iPhne固定到一架无人机上，当无人机飞过公园上空时，系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象。A. accustmed使习惯；B. limited限制；C. related把……联系起来；D. attached把……固定。根据前文的“The camera and iPhne are then”和后文“t a drne”可知，将摄像头和iPhne固定到一架无人机上。故选D项。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后将摄像头和iPhne固定到一架无人机上，当无人机飞过公园上空时，系统会产生实时推断，判断下面的物体是人还是大象。A. prduces产生；B. shares分享；C. chses选择；D. cllects收集。根据后文的“real-time inferences as it flies ver parks as t whether 17 belw are humans r elephants.”可知，系统会产生实时推断，判断下面的物体是人还是大象。故选A项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后将摄像头和iPhne固定到一架无人机上，当无人机飞过公园上空时，系统会产生实时推断，判断下面的物体是人还是大象。A. insects昆虫；B. bjects物体；C. pictures图片；D. targets目标。根据后文的“belw are humans r elephants”可知，人和大象都是物体，系统会实时推断出下面的物体是人还是大象。故选B项。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它对社会的潜在影响为她赢得了佩吉·斯克里普斯科学传播奖。A. earned获得，赢得；B. elected选举；C. presented提出；D. cnsidered考虑。根据后文的“her the Peggy Scripps Award fr Science Cmmunicatin”可知，她赢得了佩吉·斯克里普斯科学传播奖。故选A项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“研究不是一条直线，”普里说。A. Life生活；B. Research研究；C. Grwth生长；D. Relatinship关系。根据前文的“Puri did sme research and discvered a shcking 6”可知，普里做了一些研究，所以此处在讨论研究不是一条直线。故选B项。
40．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它帮助我发展成为一个更有创造力的思想家。A. get int进入；B. break int闯入；C. intrduce int引入；D. develp int发展成。根据后文的“a mre creative thinker”可知，Anika Puri发展成为一个更有创造力的思想家。故选D项。
41．which 42．t thrw 43．as 44．a 45．was brught 46．literally 47．massive 48．phrases 49．means 50．better
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡农历新年期间的一个传统——捞鱼生。
41．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：其中一些是著名的，但新加坡有一种特殊的方式，你可能不知道。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词way，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：每年，全国各地的厨师都会准备用生鱼做成的沙拉“鱼生”。分析语境可知，此处结构为use sth.t d sth.。意指“吃饭的人会聚在一起用筷子来把沙拉向上扔到空中”，因此用thrw的不定式形式。故填t thrw。
43．考查介词。句意：这种做法被称为L Hei。be knwn as为固定搭配，意为“被称为……”符合句意。故填as。
44．考查冠词。句意：自20世纪30年代作为一道简单的生鱼片起源以来，这道菜的食谱经历了一系列的转变，直到今天，人们仍在寻找创新的方式来呈现这道菜，分析语境可知，此处单词表示数量“一”的含义，泛指任何一道源于20世纪30年代的简单的生鱼菜，因此用不定冠词，simple词首音素是辅音音素，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。
45．考查动词语态。句意：这道菜是19世纪末由中国移民带到新加坡的。根据所给单词可知，本句指“这种菜在19世纪晚期被来自中国的移民带到了新加坡”，本句主语dish和bring之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，再根据时间状语“in the later 19th century”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，因此be动词用过去式was。故填was brught。
46．考查副词。句意：“L Hei”在广东话中的字面意思是“抛起好运”，它指的是新加坡的一种仪式，一群人围在一个巨大的盘子周围，猛烈地扔盘子里的东西，同时在吃之前说出吉利的短语。此处作状语，修饰动词translate，因此用literal的对应副词literally。故填literally。
47．考查形容词。句意：“L Hei”在广东话中的字面意思是“抛起好运”，它指的是新加坡的一种仪式，一群人围在一个巨大的盘子周围，猛烈地扔盘子里的东西，同时在吃之前说出吉利的短语。分析语境可知，此处作定语，意指“一个大盘子”，因此用mass的对应形容词massive。故填massive。
48．考查名词复数。句意：“L Hei”在广东话中的字面意思是“抛起好运”，它指的是新加坡的一种仪式，一群人围在一个巨大的盘子周围，猛烈地扔盘子里的东西，同时在吃之前说出吉利的短语。此处指人们说出的多个吉利的短语，因此phrase用复数形式。故填phrases。
49．考查时态和主谓一致，句意：例如，当加上金色的饼干时，每个人都会说“扁地黄金”。这意味着“整个地板都将被黄金覆盖”。这个短语的意思是“整个地板都会被黄金覆盖”，本句描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，this相当于单数第三人称，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
50．考查比较级。句意：因此，人们普遍认为，掷硬币越高，你在未来一年的前景和财富就越好。联系上文“the higher the tss”可知，此处为固定句式“the mre... the mre...”，因此用gd的比较级，意指“抛得越高，你来年的运势就会越好。” 故填better。
51．1.But→ S 2. spitting→ spit 3. catching→ caught 4. a→ an 5. started后加t或g→ ging 6. try→ trying 7. cmes → came 8. 删掉with 9. his → her 10. classmate→ classmates
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在学校嚼口香糖发生意外的故事。
【详解】1.考查副词。句意：所以有时我在休息的时候嚼口香糖。结合第一句“At my schl, we aren’t allwed t chew gum during class”可知，前一句话导致了后面的结果，用s“所以”，而不是用but表转折。 故将But改为S。
2.考查不定式的肯定形式。句意：上周，我在进教室之前忘记吐口香糖了。frget t d sth.“忘记做某事”，t后用动词原形spit“吐”。 故将spitting改为spit。
3.考查动词语态。句意：我知道如果我被抓住，我会有麻烦的。I与 catch“抓住”之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词caught，与空前的was一起构成一般过去时的被动语态。 故将catching改为caught。
4.考查冠词。句意：一个多么可怕的举动！此处泛指“一个多么可怕的举动”，且awful以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故将a改为an。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：不幸的是，我的口香糖开始进入我的喉咙，当我试图吐出来的时候噎住了。g dwn“下降，下滑”。start t d sth.或start ding sth.意为“开始做某事”，用t g或ging。 故将started后加t或将g改为ging。
6.考查状语从句的省略、时态。句意：不幸的是，我的口香糖开始进入我的喉咙，当我试图吐出来的时候噎住了。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。故when引导的时间状语从句省略了主语I和be动词was，故结合句意可推断when引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时，故try“试图”用trying形式。故填picking。故将try改为trying。
7.考查时态。句意：我的老师格林小姐过来看看发生了什么事。根据语境和was可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，主句谓语用过去式came“过来”。 故将cmes 改为came。
8.考查固定短语。句意：我的老师格林小姐过来看看发生了什么事。what was the matter意为“发生了什么事”，what was the matter with sth./sb.“某人/某物发生了什么事”。本句with后没有名词或代词，需要去掉with。故删掉with。
9.考查代词。句意：当时我把口香糖吐到了她的头发上。结合前一句格林小姐过来看看发生了什么事可知，此处指格林小姐的头发，用代词her“她的”。his意为“他的”。 故将his 改为her。
10.考查名词的数。句意：我的同学们突然大笑起来。结合语境可知，事情发生在上课之前，教室中同学不止一个，应用名词classmate“同学”的复数形式。 故将classmate改为classmates。
52．Dear Grandma.
It’s a special day, yur birthday! Here I first wish yu a happy birthday. Secnd. I want t take this pprtunity t thank yu fr being such a wnderful persn in my life. Yu have tld me thusands f stries that were meant t teach me imprtant lessns abut life. I think if it were nt fr yu, I wuldn’t be as cnfident as I am tday. Yu are my her!
I’m really srry fr nt visiting yu due t my exams. But when I visit yu next time, I will take yu t the restaurant where we ate fr yur birthday last year. Fr tday, I hpe yu have a great birthday!
Lve,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，今天是奶奶的生日，但是你要参加一场重要的考试，无法参加她的生日聚会。请你根据以下提示，写一封电子邮件给奶奶。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
机会：pprtunity→chance
重要的：imprtant→significant
认为： think→figure
感激某人：thank sb →be grateful t sb
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句I’m really srry fr nt visiting yu due t my exams.
拓展句：I’m really srry that I culd nt visit yu due t my exams.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Yu have tld me thusands f stries that were meant t teach me imprtant lessns abut life.（that引导的限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2] Fr tday. I hpe yu have a great birthday!（省略that的宾语从句）