河南省商丘市2023_2024学年高三英语上学期期中试题含解析

这是一份河南省商丘市2023_2024学年高三英语上学期期中试题含解析，共13页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The traditinal Chinese lunar calendar divides the year int 24 slar terms, which reflect the Chinese peple’s understanding f time. Here several special slar terms are listed.
Rain Water
Rain Water signals the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, the river water defreezes, wild geese mve frm suth t nrth, and trees and grass turn green again. Extra care is needed t cpe with a returning cld spell in this perid. The wet and damp weather during Rain Water perid is cnsidered harmful fr peple’s spleen (脾) and stmach accrding t Chinese medical practice. Therefre, a bwl f nutritius prridge is the best chice t nurish the bdy.
Awakening f Insects
As the third slar term in the lunar year, its name implies that animals sleeping in winter are awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins t cme back t life. It is the key time fr spring agricultural activities. Mdern meterlgical science shws that arund this perid, the earth becmes wet, the ht humid air frm the nrth is strng and creates frequent winds. Fr this reasn, thunder ften ccurs.
Spring Equinx
Spring Equinx signals the equal length f the day and night time. On the day f the Spring Equinx, the sun is directly abve the equatr. After the equinx, the sun mves nrthwards, resulting in gradually lnger day time in the Nrthern Hemisphere. Standing an egg upright is a ppular game during this perid. It is believed that if smene can make the egg stand, he will have gd luck in the future.
Grain Rain
Grain Rain riginates frm the ld saying, “Rain brings up the grwth f hundreds f grains”, which shws that this perid f rainfall is extremely imprtant fr the grwth f crps and peple are busy wrking n the land. Grain Rain falls between the end f spring and the beginning f summer, with infrequent cld air mving t the suth and lingering cld air in the nrth. With dry sil, an unsteady atmsphere and heavy winds and sandstrms becme mre frequent.
What can we knw abut Rain Water?
A. River water starts t freeze
B. Taking ff the thick cats is advisable
C. Lively spring-like scenery can be seen
D. It falls between the end f spring and the start f summer.
22. What d Awakening f Insects and Grain Rain have in cmmn?
A. Farming seasnB. Animal activities
C. Air temperatureD. Frequent thundering
23. In which slar term wuld peple mst prbably put n masks?
A. Rain WaterB. Grain Rain
C. Spring EquinxD. Awakening f Insects
B
I was living with my grandparents at the time. Our grandparents had recently retired. While they’d managed t save enugh t buy a hme, they were shrt n living expenses.
S, ur grandfather tk a jb as drkeeper f the Java schl building. Keeping the entire building clean was a stressful jb fr ne man. Realizing this, I began helping him after schl, sweeping rms and emptying waste baskets, fr a small wage.
When winter arrived, he fired up the schl’s furnace (火炉). He quickly realized hw difficult it had becme fr him t shvel (铲) the huge pile f cal chips required t fill in the furnace. I vlunteered t take n that jb, a cmmitment that required me t set my alarm clck an hur earlier each mrning. I’d g ver t the schl, and shvel a half tn f cal, enugh t keep the fire burning fr 24 hurs. After finishing that task, I’d g hme, change clthes, and eat breakfast. Then I’d head back t schl, always at the last minute.
It was during thse mrning rushes t schl that I discvered my superpwer. On tw mrnings, at the very instant I stepped nt the sidewalk in frnt f the schl, the first bell rang. That was the signal fr students t head t class. This astnishing cincidence caused me t imprve my precisin. I carefully planned each phase f my mrning activity. I paced myself. Often I’d step nt the schl’s sidewalk just as the first bell rang. This accmplishment gave me enrmus pride — and sme strange feelings.
Decades later, at a schl reunin, I happened t meet Harld Spiry, wh had been in charge f ringing the bell by pressing a buttn in his ffice. I culdn’t resist basting (吹嘘). I tld Mr. Spiry abut hw well I had rdered my cmplex mrning wrk back then, hw my timing had been faultless. “Oh that,” he said. “D yu recall that my ffice windws lked ut ver the frnt f the building? I ften saw yu cming. And when yu hit the sidewalk, I’d ring the bell.”
24. What des the underlined wrd “this” refer t?
A. Grandparents’ lack f living expenses
B. Granddad’s retiring as a drkeeper
C. Grandparents’saving mney t buy a huse
D. Granddad’s hardships in cleaning the whle building
25. Why did the authr get up earlier every mrning?
A. T avid being late fr schlB. T help his granddad clean classrms
C. T fill cal int the schl’s furnaceD. T vlunteer t empty waste baskets.
26. What talent did the authr find abut himself?
A. He had the ability t be n timeB. He was gd at mrning activities
C. He culd d things at his wn paceD. He culd fire up the furnace alne
27. Hw wuld the authr feel after hearing what Harld Spiry said?
A. PrudB. Surprised
C. CautiusD. Regretful
C
Fr me, a large part f grwing frm a girl int a wman was develping a hatred fr my bdy. When I was a kid, I didn’t think abut my bdy all that much. My attitudes twards my bdy changed arund middle schl when peple were talking abut staying “in shape” and ging n diets. And thus I started t internalize the harmful standard that we have t lk gd all the time.
Lks are given far t much imprtance in ur sciety. Wmen are suppsed t lk perfect all the time. We’re suppsed t idlize (崇拜) celebrities wh have far mre time and mney t spend n their appearance than the average persn. It’s simply nt attainable.
I lve the idea f bdy psitivity. I firmly believe that everyne shuld try t lve themselves as much as pssible. Hwever, it’s almst impssible t lve every part f yur bdy all the time. Persnally, I culd never achieve that. It’s a gd idea t prmte bdy psitivity in thery, but it als allws us t beat urselves up because we dn’t lve urselves all the time.
Bdy neutrality (中立) is a much mre attainable gal. Bdy neutrality prmtes the idea that yur bdy is simply yur bdy instead f thinking smething is gd r bad. This mentality is easier t achieve, and it desn’t frce yu t try t lve things yu dn’t lve. We dn’t need t lve every part f ur bdy —it’s just a bdy.
Anther way t view yur bdy is t be thankful fr everything that it des fr yu rather than hw it lks. Fr example, I am grateful that my bdy allws me t g skiing because I lve skiing. This shift in mentality can be helpful because it fcuses n yur bdy’s ability t d things yu lve, instead f yur appearance.
Ultimately, the ideal mentality is lving every part f yur bdy all the time. Hwever, the mre realistic alternative is accepting yur bdy fr what it is and what it des fr yu. Lve can cme after, but neutrality is a gd place t start.
28. Why did the authr change her attitude twards appearance arund middle schl?
A. Because she was influenced by thers
B. Because she began t dislike her bdy
C. Because she thught it imprtant t stay in shape
D. Because she failed t meet her schl’s standards
29. What is the authr’s attitude twards bdy psitivity?
A. SupprtiveB. DubtfulC. PrejudicedD. Indifferent
30. What des bdy neutrality prmte?
A. Pursuing perfectin in terms f bdy image
B. Trying t change yur appearance cnstantly
C. Lving every part f yur bdy uncnditinally
D. Accepting yur bdy as it is withut judgment
31. What is the suggested mentality twards yur bdy?
A. Ignring its limitatins
B. Fcusing n appearance
C. Being grateful fr its capabilities
D. Being critical f its imperfectins
D
Cnsider the pssibility that all human technlgy started with a mistake — r at least a lack f hand-eye crdinatin. In a new study published n Friday in Science Advances, Lydia Luncz and Tms Prffitt, bth at the Max Planck Institute fr Evlutinary Anthrplgy in Leipzig, Germany, argue that mistakenly created flakes (薄片) may have been ur ancient ancestrs’ r ther nw-extinct early human relatives “first step tward creating the sharp-edged tls that they used t butcher animals and cut edible plants.
T d their research, Luncz and Prffitt traveled t an abandned il palm plantatin near Thailand’s Phang Nga Bay and cllected mre than 1, 100 pieces f nut-cracking stnes used by a trp f lng-tailed macaques (猕猴). Macaques crack pen il palm nuts by placing them n a flat stne and striking their shell with anther stne. These mnkeys ften miss the nut and accidentally break the stnes, prducing sharp flakes. Luncz and Prffitt analyzed these stnes, which revealed a surprising fact: The flakes that the macaques unintentinally prduced lked a lt like the ldest stne tls that were intentinally made by hminins (古人类).
Macaques dn’t use the sharp flakes they create fr anything, Luncz adds, nting that the mnkeys have sharp teeth and dn’t need cutting tls. The similar ancient stne tls cllected frm sme f the earliest knwn sites, hwever, shw evidence f being used fr cutting tasks. Fr example, in Oldwan, a site dating between 3.3 millin and 1.5 millin years ag, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns n the tls and fund that sme f the flakes shwed damage alng their edges, indicating that they had been used fr cutting. Cut marks n sme fssils revealed that hminins had used stne tls fr butchering the animals, making it clear that the sharp stne tls were anything but unintentinal by-prducts f ther punding activities.
Despite the findings, t reveal the mechanism fr the emergence f flake technlgy, researchers still need t learn hw hminins made the leap frm accidentally prducing sharp flakes t picking them up and using them. Luncz and Prffitt hpe t find the missing link in further studies.
32. What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A. The tw researchers went t Thailand and cllected 1, 100 flakes
B. Lng-tailed macaques used the flakes t crack pen il palm nuts
C. Macaques deliberately prduced flakes fr cutting by breaking stnes
D. The flakes prduced by macaques were similar t hminins’ stne tls
33. Why des the authr mentin the Oldwan site in paragraph 3?
A. T prvide specific prfB. T clarify a cmplex cncept
C. T present an interesting factD. T make a detailed cmparisn
34. What will Luncz and Prffitt prbably fcus n in their future study?
A. Why macaques create flakesB. Why hminins used stne tls
C. Hw macaques cut fd with flakesD. Hw hminins began using flakes
35. What is the best title f the passage?
A. A mistake: the rigin f human technlgy
B. Flake technlgy: frm macaques t hminins
C. Punding activities: n human evlutinary curse
D. A missing link: lng-tailed macaques create flakes.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu’ve ever been bitten by a msquit, yu knw hw frustrating their bites can be.
36 , creating an itch (痒) that nce yu start scratching nly seems t get wrse. Why des a msquit bite itch and what can we d?
Why des a msquit bite itch?
When a msquit bites yu, it pierces the skin using a special muthpart t suck up bld and injects saliva (唾液) int yur skin. Msquites’ saliva has lts f prteins in it, sme f which ur bdy recgnizes as freign, and ur immune cells spring int actin t try t fight them. 37 . Its actually the bdy’s respnse t the freign msquit prtein it is trying t fight. That’s why sme peple may nly have a mild reactin t bites, while thers, mre sensitive t the freign prtein, react with large areas f swelling that are mre painful.
What helps resist the urge t scratch?
“Dn’t scratch” is the advice that mst experts and health prfessinals give. As hard and smetimes unrealistic as it can sund, scratching inflames (发炎) the skin, and the inflammatin makes the skin itch mre. “ 38 ,” warned Daniel Markwski, technical adviser fr the American Msquit Cntrl Assciatin, adding that in extreme cases, peple can scar themselves.
Instead, there are dzens f creams and sprays that prmise itch relief as well as hme remedy (疗法). Chse what’s right fr yu can ften cme dwn t trial and errr. In general, all f the varius anti-itch creams are very similar. There is n scientific evidence these remedies wrk, and they can cme with their wn precautins r side effects. 39 .
40
Sme peple can have serius allergic reactins t msquites, althugh in practice it is rare, Vsshall said. If yu experience severe symptms such as breathing truble, yu shuld seek medical attentin immediately.
A. When t seek medical attentin?
B. What t d with a msquit bite?
C. It’s nt the bite that causes the itch
D. The mre yu scratch, the mre they itch
E. The little red bumps swell up almst immediately
F. Scratching can cause secndary infectins and prlng the irritatin
G. In fact, the best remedy t fight the itch is t prevent a bite in the first place
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last year in early summer, I was walking t my huse when I saw tw large birds standing in my yard. They didn’t seem t 41 me until I was right in frnt f them and then they
42 disappeared int the nearby bushes. I was quite excited by the 43 f tw special birds making a nest (巢) in my yard.
A few weeks later, the birds 44 . I fund them cruching (蹲伏) beside a tree. As I apprached them, they 45 their heads and made a craking (嘶哑地叫) sund. I didn’t knw why they were craking at me until a shrt time later I made an amazing 46 : there were tw small birds 47 arund happily.
As I inched twards the birds, 48 nt t make sudden mvements, they started their craking again, putting their necks frward s they seemed 49 and mre threatening.
The mther put the baby birds under her wings and carefully cruched dwn ver them s her babies were well 50 .
I was watching them with respect when I suddenly 51 and fell t the grund. The mther tk this as a/an 52 and the father raced twards me, 53 his wings t prtect the mther and the baby birds.
I felt srry t have disturbed them and left quickly. I am amazed by their 54 actins. Their parental lve made them s curageus. It is hard nt t shw 55 fr nature.
41. A. remindB. cnfirmC. nticeD. prtest
42. A. immediatelyB. familiarlyC. creativelyD. slwly
43. A. feelingB. senseC. pininD. idea
44. A. investigatedB. remvedC. gatheredD. reappeared
45. A. stuck utB. put dwnC. hang utD. turned arun
46. A. cllectinB. discveryC. cnclusinD. missin
47. A. jumpingB. fightingC. seekingD. marching
48. A. curiusB. patientC. wrriedD. careful
49. A. neaterB. simplerC. lngerD. strnger
50. A. fedB. hiddenC. raisedD. identified
51. A. trippedB. mvedC. alarmedD. respnded
52. A. targetB. defenceC. threatD. escape.
53. A. shtingB. spillingC. fldingD. spreading
54. A. militaryB. individualC. braveD. average
55. A. gratitudeB. respectC. emtinD. pleasure
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
If yu have the chance t g back t ancient China and ask (56) educated man what his biggest dream was. He wuld tell yu that he wants t becme a zhuang yuan, a title (57) (give) t the schlar (58) came first in the highest imperial examinatin.
In ancient China, it was nt that (59) (ease) t be an fficial. Yu have t take exams first. The exams are very difficult and have many (60) (prcedure). The utcme has t be cnfirmed by the Emperr (61) (he). The number ne schlar with the best scre in the imperial exam is called zhuang yuan. Once yu (62)
(select) as zhuang yuan, yu will be appreciated by the Emperr and appear in a parade dwntwn (63) a red rbe and a tall, strng hrse. Zhuang yuan is referred t the elite schlars. Nw the imperial cmpetitive examinatin has been canceled fr many years.
Hwever, peple still like t call (64) (gd) persn in their field a zhuang yuan. An ld saying ges that there are 360 trades (65) every trade has his master, r zhuang yuan.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jim对中国传统文化很感兴趣，准备参加中国传统技能冬令营：“中国书法冬令营”或者“中国武术冬令营”。Jim希望你能给些建议帮助他进行选择。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1.你建议的班型；
2.你的理由；
3.你的祝愿。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：中国书法 Chinese Calligraphy 中国武术 Chinese Martial Arts
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Magic Bus
I was travelling n an vernight bus frm Klhapur t Aurangabad in Maharashtra. This was way back in May 1972, when I was still in cllege. The bus — an rdinary, nn-air-cnditined ne — was mre than packed; all 55 seats were ccupied and there were sme 20 peple standing in the aisle (过道). The ht day added t the discmfrt f the rugh, 10-hur jurney. Because I was travelling n a student bus pass, I culd nt claim a reserved seat. I had n ptin but t stand — quite uncmfrtably.
The bus started its jurney a little later than scheduled. The passengers seated cmfrtably by the windws wre happy expressins as they lked at the utside wrld, the breeze kissing their faces. The peple seated by the aisle cmplained abut the standing nes, wh had n ptin but t ccasinally lean n the seat crners. The air inside was ht and filled with strange, unpleasant smells. Sme enthusiastic travellers had carried small transistr radis with the slim hpe that they wuld be able t listen t sme music n the way.
After arund tw very lng hurs, I was beynd exhausted and bred. I kept trying t balance myself, shifting my bdy weight frm ne leg t the ther t manage the discmfrt. After anther lng hur, I was wet with sweat in the nise and shaky rhythm f the bus. I suddenly sensed a sft hand tapping my elbw (手肘), asking fr attentin. Turning arund, I fund a middle-aged man with a kind smile lking up at me. He suddenly std up and said I culd take his seat fr sme time. I was pleasantly surprised and immediately accepted his ffer, my entire bdy heaving a sigh f relief. The man, whse seat I was in, std next t me, lking arund in amusement. After abut 20 minutes, I signalled him t take back his space. A man, wh was sitting by the windw n the ther side f the bus, had bserved ur exchange.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Just then, smething magical happened._________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The bus reached its destinatin in the early hurs f the mrning. _____________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
英语参考答案
A
21.C22.A 23.B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国24节气中的“雨水”、“惊蛰”、“春分”和“谷雨”这四个节气，让我们进一步了解这四个节气的气候和习俗。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“With its arrival, the river water defreezes, wild geese mve frm suth t nrth, and trees and grass turn green again.(随着它的到来，河水解冻，大雁由南向北迁徙，树木和草又变绿了)”可知，雨水之后热闹的春色随处可见。故选C项。
22．判断推理题。根据第三段中“It is the key time fr spring agricultural activities.(这是春季农业活动的关键时期)”可知，惊蛰是农业的关键，以及最后一段第一句“Grain Rain riginates frm the ld saying, ‘Rain brings up the grwth f hundreds f grains’, which shws that this perid f rainfall is extremely imprtant fr the grwth f crps and peple are busy wrking n the land.(谷雨源于古语“雨生百谷”，说明这一时期的降雨对农作物的生长极为重要，人们正忙于耕作)”结合来看，可得知惊蛰和谷雨这两个节气对农业来说都很重要，是耕作的季节。故选A项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“With dry sil, an unsteady atmsphere and heavy winds and sandstrms becme mre frequent.(由于土壤干燥，大气不稳定和强风，沙尘暴变得更加频繁)”可推测，在谷雨时沙尘暴经常出现，所以人们最可能需要佩戴口罩保护自己。故选B项
B
24.D25.C26.A27.B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者在上学期间，每天早晨帮助在学校打工的祖父做一些事情之后，急忙去上学，作者发现自己常常在第一声铃响的时候踏上学校的人行道，认为自己具备完美安排时间的能力，直到多年以后，才发现事实的真相的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段画线词前面的“ur grandfather tk a jb as drkeeper f the Java schl building. Keeping the entire building clean was a stressful jb fr ne man.(我们的祖父做了一份Java学校大楼的门卫的工作。对一个人来说，保持整栋楼的清洁是一项压力很大的工作)”可知，这里的 this 指的是前面提到的作者的祖父一个人完成整幢楼的卫生打扫是非常困难的这件事。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“When winter arrived, he fired up the schl’s furnace (火炉). He quickly realized hw difficult it had becme fr him t shvel (铲) the huge pile f cal chips required t fill in the furnace. I vlunteered t take n that jb, a cmmitment that required me t set my alarm clck an hur earlier each mrning.(冬天来临时，他把学校的火炉点着了。他很快意识到，要铲起填满熔炉所需的大堆煤屑已经变得多么困难。我自愿接受了那份工作，这份工作要求我每天早上把闹钟调早一个小时)”可知， 作者起早到达学校是为了代替祖父给学校的炉子加煤。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段中“On tw mrnings, at the very instant I stepped nt the sidewalk in frnt f the schl, the first bell rang.(有两个早晨，就在我踏上学校门前人行道的那一刻，第一声铃响了)”和“This astnishing cincidence caused me t imprve my precisin. I carefully planned each phase f my mrning activity. I paced myself. Often I’d step nt the schl’s sidewalk just as the first bell rang.(这个惊人的巧合使我提高了我的精确度。我仔细地计划了我早上活动的每一个阶段。我控制了自己的节奏。我经常在第一次上课铃响的时候走上学校的人行道)”可知，作者发现自己具有做事准时的能力, 故选A。
27．推理判断题。作者一直认为自己有超常的准时性。但听了Harld Spiry的解释后，作者自诩的准时性其实并不存在，这时作者感到的不是骄傲、谨慎或遗憾，而最有可能的是意外。故选B。
C
28.A29.B30.D31.C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者在中学前后改变了对
的态度，建议我们爱自己身体的每一部分，接受自己的身体和它对自己的作用
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“My attitudes twards my bdy changed arund middle schl when peple were talking abut staying“in shape”and ging n diets. And thus I started t internalize the harmful standard that we have t lk gd all the time. (我对自己身体的态度在中学前后发生了改变，当时人们都在谈论保持“身材”和节食。因此，我开始内化那种有害的标准，即我们必须一直看起来很好。)”可知，当别人开始谈论保持“身材”和节食的时候，作者对自己身体的态度发生改变，由此可知作者是受了别人的影响，故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段“I lve the idea f bdy psitivity. I firmly believe that everyne shuld try t lve themselves as much as pssible. Hwever, it’s almst impssible t lve every part f yur bdy all the time. Persnally, I culd never achieve that. It’s a gd idea t prmte bdy psitivity in thery, but it als allws us t beat urselves up because we dn’t lve urselves all the time. (我喜欢身体积极性这个概念。我坚信每个人都应该尽可能地爱自己。然而，要一直爱你身体的每一个部位几乎是不可能的。就我个人而言，我永远无法做到这一点。从理论上讲，提高身体积极性是个好主意，但这也会让我们自责，因为我们并不总是爱自己。)”可推知，作者对身体积极性的态度是怀疑的，故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段“Bdy neutrality prmtes the idea that yur bdy is simply yur bdy instead f thinking smething is gd r bad. This mentality is easier t achieve, and it desn’t frce yu t try t lve things yu dn’t lve. We dn’t need t lve every part f ur bdy —it’s just a bdy. (身体中立是指你的身体就是你的身体，而不是认为某事是好是坏。这种心态更容易实现，它不会强迫你去爱你不喜欢的东西。我们不需要爱我们身体的每一部分——它只是一具身体。) ”可知，身体中立提倡的就是客观的看待身体，也就是不加评判地接受你的身体。故选D。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, the ideal mentality is lving every part f yur bdy all the time. Hwever, the mre realistic alternative is accepting yur bdy fr what it is and what it des fr yu. Lve can cme after, but neutrality is a gd place t start. (最终，理想的心态是一直爱你身体的每一个部位。然而，更现实的选择是接受你的身体和它对你的作用。爱可以紧随其后，但中立是一个很好的开始。)”可知，建议你对自己身体的心态就是接受你的身体，也就是对身体对你的作用和能力表示感激，故选C。
D
32.D33.A34.D35.B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项动物研究，介绍了我们早期人类因为意外情况使用工具的情况。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Luncz and Prffitt analyzed these stnes, which revealed a surprising fact: The flakes that the macaques unintentinally prduced lked a lt like the ldest stne tls that were intentinally made by hminins (古人类).(Luncz和Prffitt分析了这些石头，发现了一个令人惊讶的事实：猕猴无意中产生的薄片看起来很像人类故意制造的最古老的石器。)”可知，猕猴制作的薄片与人类的石器相似。故选D。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段的“The similar ancient stne tls cllected frm sme f the earliest knwn sites, hwever, shw evidence f being used fr cutting tasks. Fr example, in Oldwan, a site dating between 3. 3 millin and 1. 5 millin years ag, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns n the tls and fund that sme f the flakes shwed damage alng their edges, indicating that they had been used fr cutting.(然而，从一些已知最早的遗址中收集到的类似的古代石器显示出用于切割任务的证据。例如，在奥尔德万，一个可以追溯到大约330万到150万年前的遗址。研究人员分析了这些工具的使用磨损模式，发现一些薄片的边缘有损伤，表明它们曾被用来切割。)”可推断，作者提到奥尔德万遗址是为了提供具体的证据来说明古代石器用于切割任务。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Despite the findings, t reveal the mechanism fr the emergence f flake technlgy, researchers still need t learn hw hminins made the leap frm accidentally prducing sharp flakes t picking them up and using them. Luncz and Prffitt hpe t find the missing link in further studies. (尽管有了这些发现，为了揭示薄片技术出现的机制，研究人员仍然需要了解人类是如何从偶然产生尖锐的薄片到捡起并使用它们的。Luncz和Prffitt希望在进一步的研究中找到缺失的环节。)”可知，为了揭示薄片技术背后的机制，研究者们仍然需要了解古人类是如何从意外产生锋利的薄片，到捡起并使用它们的。伦茨和普罗菲特希望在接下来的研究中可以找到缺失的这一环（即原始人是如何开始使用薄片的），故选D。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本篇是一篇科研报告类文章，第一段的“In a new study published n Friday in Science Advances, Lydia Luncz and Tms Prffitt, bth at the Max Planck Institute fr Evlutinary Anthrplgy in Leipzig, Germany, argue that mistakenly created flakes (薄片) may have been ur ancient ancestrs’ r ther nw-extinct early human relatives“ first step tward creating the sharp-edged tls that they used t butcher animals and cut edible plants.( 在周五发表在《科学进展》上的一项新研究中，德国莱比锡马克斯普朗克进化人类学研究所的Lydia Luncz和Tms Prffitt认为，错误地制造出的薄片可能是我们的古代祖先或其他现已灭绝的早期人类亲戚制造出锋利的工具的第一步，他们用来屠宰动物和切割可食用的植物。)”点明了新研究的结果，后文详细描述了研究过程和局限性及等未来研究前景，因此推断B项“薄片技术：从猕猴到人类。”为最佳标题。故选B项。
七选五
36.E37.C38.F39.G40.A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要分析了为什么蚊子叮咬会痒、如何抵制抓挠的冲动以及何时就医。
36．根据下文“creating an itch (痒) that nce yu start scratching nly seems t get wrse(产生一种瘙痒感，一旦你开始抓挠，似乎只会变得更严重)”可知，下文是空格处的结果状语。E项“The little red bumps swell up almst immediately.(这些小红肿几乎立即膨胀起来)”承接上文说明蚊子叮咬后的反应，又可以导致下文“抓挠只会变得更严重”的结果，符合文意。故选E。
37．根据本段小标题“Why des a msquit bite itch?(为什么蚊子叮咬会痒？)”可知，本段主要讲述为什么蚊子叮咬会痒。根据下文“It’s actually the bdy’s respnse t the freign msquit prtein it is trying t fight.(实际上，这是身体对它试图对抗的外来蚊子蛋白质的反应)”中的“actually”推知，空处陈述人们大都认为叮咬会痒的原因——蚊子的叮咬。空格C项“It’s nt the bite that causes the itch.(瘙痒不是由咬引起的)”，符合文意。故选C。
38．根据下文“adding that in extreme cases, peple can scar themselves.(他补充道，在极端情况下，人们会给自己留下疤痕)”可知，上文应阐述瘙痒产生的一般后果。F项“Scratching can cause secndary infectins and prlng the irritatin.(搔痒可能会导致继发感染并延长刺激时间)”，符合文意。故选F。
39．根据上文“There is n scientific evidence these remedies wrk, and they can cme with their wn precautins r side effects.(没有科学证据表明这些药物有效，它们可以有自己的预防措施或副作用)”可知，没有科学证据表明止痒霜有效，且可能有副作用。由此推知，下文应提及对抗瘙痒的有效方法。G项“In fact, the best remedy t fight the itch is t prevent a bite in the first place(事实上，对抗瘙痒的最好方法是首先防止被咬)”，符合文意。故选G。
40．根据本文结构可知，空格处是本段的小标题。根据下文“If yu experience severe symptms such as breathing truble, yu shuld seek medical attentin immediately.(如果出现呼吸困难等严重症状，应立即就医)”可知，本段主要围绕“就医”展开论述，且应是一个问句。A项“When t seek medical attentin?（何时就诊？）”，符合文意。故选A。
完型填空
C42.A43.D44.D45.A
46.B47.A48.D49.D50.B
51.A52.C53.D54.C55.B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在家门口发现筑巢的小鸟，并感叹鸟父母保护孩子的本能，体会到敬畏大自然的道理。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们似乎没有注意到我，直到我走到它们的正前方，它们才立刻消失在附近的灌木丛中。A. remind使想起；B. cnfirm证实；C. ntice注意到；D. prtest抗议。根据下文中的“until I was right in frnt f them and then they ___2___ disappeared int the nearby bushes.”可知，作者到了他们前面，他们才飞走，说明他们没有“注意到”作者。故选C项。
42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们似乎没有注意到我，直到我走到它们的正前方，它们才立刻消失在附近的灌木丛中。A. immediately立刻，马上；B. familiarly熟悉地；C. creatively创造性地；D. slwly慢慢地。根据常识和下文中的“disappeared int the nearby bushes.”可知，鸟发现人，应是“立刻”飞走，消失在树丛中。故选A项。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两只特别的鸟在我的院子里筑巢的想法让我很兴奋。A. feeling感觉；B. sense意义；C. pinin观点；D. idea想法。根据上文中的“I was quite excited”和下文中的“f tw special birds making a nest (巢) in my yard”可知，两只特殊的鸟在院子里筑巢，这应是作者的一个“想法”，这想法让作者很兴奋。故选D项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，这些鸟又出现了。A. investigated调查；B. remved清除；C. gathered聚集；D. reappeared再次出现。根据上文中的“Last year in early summer, I was walking t my huse when I saw tw large birds standing in my yard.”和“A few weeks later, the birds”可知，此处指的是作者几周前见到的两只鸟“又出现”了。故选D项。
45．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我走近它们时，它们伸出脑袋，发出呱呱的声音。A. stuck ut伸出；B. put dwn放下；C. hang ut闲逛；D. turned arund转向。根据语境和上文中的“As I apprached them”以及下文中的“their heads and made a craking (嘶哑地叫) sund.”可知，作者靠近鸟们时，鸟们要应会作出防御动作，所以此处为“伸出”脑袋，发出嘶哑的叫声，符合语境。故选A项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他们为什么对我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一个惊人的发现：有两只小鸟快乐地跳来跳去。A. cllectin收藏；B. discvery发现；C. cnclusin结论；D. missin任务。根据下文中的“there were tw small birds ___7___ arund happily.”可知，有两只小鸟跳来跳去，由此可知，这是作者的一个“发现”符合语境。故选B项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他们为什么对我呱呱叫，直到不久之后，我有了一个惊人的发现：有两只小鸟快乐地跳来跳去。A. jumping跳起；B. fighting战斗；C. seeking寻找；D. marching行进。根据常识以及下文中的happily可知，此处应为小鸟快乐地“跳来跳去”符合语境。故选A项。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我小心翼翼地挪向鸟儿时，它们又开始叫了起来，脖子向前伸着，显得更强壮，更有威胁性。A. curius好奇的；B. patient耐心的；C. wrried担忧的；D. careful小心的。根据上文中的“As I inched twards the birds”可知，作者谨慎移动，所以此处为“小心翼翼的”符合语境。故选D项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我小心翼翼地挪向鸟儿时，它们又开始叫了起来，脖子向前伸着，显得更强壮，更有威胁性。A. neater更整洁；B. simpler更简单；C. lnger更长；D. strnger更强大。根据上文中的“they started their craking again, putting their necks frward”可知，鸟们见到作者就大叫，脖子向前伸着，一幅打架的姿势，结合下文中的“mre threatening”可知，此处指的是他们这样做是为了显得“更强大”符合语境。故选D项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈把小鸟放在自己的翅膀下，小心翼翼地蹲下身子，把它们藏得很好。A. fed喂；B. hidden藏起来；C. raised提高；D. identified识别，辨别。根据语境及上文中的“The mther put the baby birds under her wings and carefully cruched dwn ver them”可知，见到作者，鸟妈妈把小鸟放在翅膀下，然后蹲下身子，这应是把小鸟“藏起来”的动作。故选B项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正怀着敬意看着他们，突然绊了一下，摔倒在地。A. tripped绊倒；B. mved移动；C. alarmed使害怕；D. respnded作出回应。根据上文中的“suddenly”以及下文中的“and fell t the grund.”可知，作者突然摔到在地，由此可知，此处为“绊倒”符合语境。故选A项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟妈妈认为这是一种威胁，于是鸟爸爸向我扑过来，张开翅膀保护鸟妈妈和鸟宝宝。A. target目标；B. defence防御；C. threat威胁；D. escape逃跑。根据上文中的“I was watching them with respect when I suddenly ___11___ and fell t the grund.”可知，作者突然绊了一下摔倒在地，鸟妈妈应是也受到惊吓，所以此处指的是鸟妈妈把这当成一种“威胁”符合语境。故选C项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：鸟妈妈认为这是一种威胁，于是鸟爸爸向我扑过来，张开翅膀保护鸟妈妈和鸟宝宝。A. shting射击；B. spilling溅起；C. flding折叠；D. spreading展开。根据上文中的“the father raced twards me”以及下文中的“ t prtect the mther and the baby birds.”可知，鸟爸爸为了保护鸟妈妈与鸟宝宝，应是“展开”翅膀，向作者扑来。故选D项。
54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对他们的勇敢行为感到惊讶。A. military军事的；B. individual个人的；C. brave勇敢的；D. average平均的。根据下文中的“Their parental lve made them s curageus.”可知，作父母的爱让他们如此英勇，由此可知，此处为“勇敢的”行为。故选C项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不尊重自然是很难的。A. gratitude感激；B. respect尊敬；C. emtin情绪；D. pleasure快乐。根据语境以及上文中的“I was watching them with respect when I suddenly ___11___ and fell t the grund.”可知，作者的此次经历，使他意识到，要想不“尊重”大自然都很难。故选B项。
56．an 57．given 58．wh/that 59．easy 60．prcedures
61．himself 62．are selected 63．with
64．the best65.and
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要简单介绍了古代的科举考试的状元。
56．考查冠词。句意：如果你有机会回到古代中国去问一个受过教育的人，他的梦想是什么。此处“man人”为可数名词，且此处泛指“一个受过教育的人”，故应用不定冠词，educated音素以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an，故填an。
57．考查非谓语动词。他会告诉你他想要中状元，也就是授予在最高科举考试中得第一的学者的头衔。此处作定语，修饰title，give与title之间为被动关系，故此处应用过去分词作后置定语，故填given。
58．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处引导定语从句，先行词为schlar，指人，定语从句中缺主语，故应用wh/that引导，故填wh/that。
59．考查形容词。句意：在古代中国，当官并不那么容易。此处作表语，主语为不定式t be an fficial，故此处应用形容词“easy容易”作表语，说明主语的特性，故填easy。
60．考查名词的数。句意：考试很难，而且要经过很多程序。此处“prcedure程序”为可数名词，在句中作宾语，且根据空格前的different可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，故填prcedures。
61．考查代词。句意：结果必须由皇帝本人确认。此处作emperr的同位语，故应用反身代词“himself他自己”，故填himself。
62．考查语态。句意：一旦你被选为庄园，你会受到皇帝的赏识，穿着红色长袍，骑着一匹高大强壮的马出现在市中心的游行队伍中。此处作谓语动词，主语为yu，与select之间为被动关系，且根据主语的yu will可知，此处应用一般现在时，主将从现，故填are selected。
63．考查介词。句意：同上。此处指穿着红色长袍，骑着一匹高大强壮的马，表伴随，故应用介词with，故填with。
64．考查形容词最高级。句意：然而，人们仍然喜欢叫他们领域里最优秀的人为状元。根据后文的“Zhuang yuan”可知，此处指“最优秀的人”，故应用形容词最高级修饰persn，作定语，故填the best。
65. 考察连词。句意：老话说，360行，行行出状元。根据前后两句完整的话以及句意可知，此处应填并列连词and。
Dear Jim,
I am delighted that yu are interested in Chinese culture and eager t explre mre. As fr the recmmendatin, Calligraphy Winter Camp shuld be at the tp f the list.
With a histry f mre than 3,000 years, Chinese calligraphy, the cre f Chinese culture, has turned simple lines and strkes int a highly-develped frm f art. Learning Chinese calligraphy will bring yu multi-benefits, ranging frm ffering yu a unique insight int Chinese cultural aesthetics t shaping yur persnality. When practicing calligraphy, yu can acquire peaceful cncentratin and eliminate impatience. And every strke f every character helps yu t cultivate a gd habit f paying attentin t details.
I am cnvinced that attending the Chinese Calligraphy Winter Camp will leave yu a wnderful experience.
Yurs,
Li Hua
推荐武术夏令营：
Dear Jim,
I am delighted that yu are interested in Chinese culture and eager t explre mre. As fr the recmmendatin, Martial Arts Winter Camp shuld be be at the tp f the list.
As the crystallizatin f ancient Chinese wisdm, Chinese Martial Arts which are the cmprehensive frm f human bdy culture, enjy a huge internatinal fame. Nt nly can it be used as self-defense, but als it keeps yurself away frm illness as lng as yu insist n practicing it. Additinally, Chinese Martial Arts are clsely cnnected with traditinal Chinese culture, thrugh which yu can deepen yur understanding f the essence f Chinese culture — t cnstantly strive t becme strnger.
I am cnvinced that attending the Martial Arts Winter camp will leave yu a wnderful experience.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友Jim对中国传统文化很感兴趣，准备参加中国传统技能冬令营：“中国书法冬令营”或者“中国武术冬令营”。Jim希望你能给些建议帮助他进行选择。请你给Jim回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
参加：attend→take part in
消除：eliminate→remve
培养：cultivate→develp
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：When practicing calligraphy, yu can acquire peaceful cncentratin and eliminate impatience.
拓展句：If yu practice calligraphy, yu can acquire peaceful cncentratin and eliminate impatience.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I am delighted that yu are interested in Chinese culture and eager t explre mre. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I am cnvinced that attending the Chinese Calligraphy Winter Camp will leave yu a wnderful experience. (运用了动名词作主语)
One pssible versin:
Just then, smething magical happened. Our bserver spntaneusly std up and ffered his seat t anther standing man, wh had been leaning n the seat crner fr quite sme time. All f a sudden, we had triggered a chain reactin: This game f seat-sharing spread thrugh the bus like wildfire and, befre lng, almst all the standees gt a chance t be seated. Mre surprisingly, peple even started chatting with each ther while exchanging psitins, and sn began sharing jkes and humming t the lvely meldy played by the radi. Needless t say, the rest f the jurney was quite enjyable.
The bus reached its destinatin in the early hurs f the mrning. A burst f first sunshine sent a beam f amber light thrugh the windw, lighting up peple’s heart. The cl breeze f early mrning blew away the fatigue and weariness, refreshing the minds and bdies. Immersed in this relaxing and friendly atmsphere, the grups bid farewell warmly, gt ff the bus and went their way. As I std there saking in the early mrning light, I was reminded f an imprtant life lessn — that we can all share what we have, including ur burdens, and help ur c-passengers in this jurney called life.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者乘坐一辆通宵大巴从Klhapur前往Maharashtra的Aurangabad，那是一辆普通的、没有空调的公共汽车，车上挤满了人，55个座位都坐满了，有20多人站在过道上，炎热的天气增加了10个小时的艰难旅程的不适，由于作者不能预留座位，作者也只能不舒服地站着，过了大约两个漫长的小时后，作者感到非常疲惫和无聊，后来一位中年男子把自己的座位让出来给作者坐，作者又惊又喜，接受了邀请，大约20分钟后，作者示意他收回自己的座位，坐在汽车另一边靠窗的一个男人看到了作者和那位男士的谈话。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在这时，神奇的事情发生了。”可知，第一段可描写坐着的人把座位让给站着的人并且大家愉快地聊天。
②由第二段首句内容“公共汽车在凌晨到达了目的地。”可知，第二段可描写作者到达目的地后的感受。
2.续写线索：自发让座——开始聊天——分享笑话——阳光照进来——下车告别——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①让座：ffer ne’s seat t sb./give ne’s seat t sb.
②开始聊天：start chatting/begin talking
③告别：bid farewell/say gdbye
情绪类
①疲劳：fatigue/exhaustin
②热情地：warmly/fervidly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Our bserver spntaneusly std up and ffered his seat t anther standing man, wh had been leaning n the seat crner fr quite sme time. (由wh引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] As I std there saking in the early mrning light, I was reminded f an imprtant life lessn — that we can all share what we have, including ur burdens, and help ur c-passengers in this jurney called life. (由as引导的时间状语从句，that引导的同位语从句和what引导的宾语从句)