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    中考英语三轮冲刺挑战满分练习12 选词完成短文(10空 中考真题精选)(含解析)

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    中考英语三轮冲刺挑战满分练习12 选词完成短文(10空 中考真题精选)(含解析)

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    这是一份中考英语三轮冲刺挑战满分练习12 选词完成短文(10空 中考真题精选)(含解析),共30页。



    1.(2022•鄂尔多斯)阅读下列短文,用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空。每词限用一次。
    It tk a lng time fr Oliver t get better after his illness,but the lving hands f Rse,Mrs. Maylie and the dctr,brught Oliver thrugh the hard time in the end.
    When Oliver was well enugh (1) t walk ,the dctr ffered t take him t visit the gentleman,Mr. Brwnlw.
    "I remember hw highly yu spke f Mr. Brwnlw and hw much yu wished t explain t (2) him what happened t yu that day yu didn't return," said the dctr.
    "Oh,sir,that wuld make me s happy!" exclaimed Oliver.
    Hwever,when they arrived at Mr. Brwnlw's huse,they gt a piece f sad news frm ne f his neighbrs.
    "Mr. Brwnlw (3) has sld all f his things and gne abrad. He is with his servants and a friend nw," said the neighbr.
    This was a terrible disappintment t Oliver. He nt nly wished t clear his name but (4) als wished t shw the dctr that his stry was true.
    Oliver thught up anther man,the bkstre (5) wner ,wh knew the whle stry. Oliver suggested they g and see him.
    "N,Oliver," said the dctr, "We've had enugh disappintment fr ne day. Let's head back hme." And s they turned back.
    Happily,Oliver's stry (6) was accepted as the truth by his new friends cmpletely. And they treated him with as much lve and care as if he was their wn child.
    They spent much f the spring in the cuntryside. The peace and quiet were smething (7) that Oliver had never experienced befre. Here was nthing t fear,n drunk,angry men;n thieves;nly his true (8) friends' care and cmpany. In the mrnings,he studied reading and writing with an elderly gentleman wh lived nearby. In the afternns,he walked (9) thrugh the frest and fields with Rse and listened t her read bks alud. At night,he did his hmewrk,and read passages frm the Bible. And n Sundays he went t church and prayed and sang with his heart.
    As a result,this perid became the (10) happiest part f the by's life s far.
    文章主旨:本文节选自《雾都孤儿》,介绍奥利弗的生活。
    答案详解: (1)考查不定式。句意:当奥利弗可以走路时,医生提出带他去拜访布朗罗先生。根据"When Oliver was well enugh..."和备选词可知,奥利弗恢复可以走路了,walk"走路",be+adj+enugh+t d sth"足够……做某事"。所以填t walk。
    (2)考查代词。句意:"我记得你对布朗罗先生的评价是多么高,你多么想向他解释你没有回来那天发生了什么事,"医生说。此处指"Mr. Brwnlw",作宾语,用he的宾格him。所以填him。
    (3)考查现在完成时。句意:布朗罗先生卖掉了他所有的东西,到国外去了。根据"all f his things"可知,卖了所有的东西,结合"gne abrad"可知,此处用现在完成时。所以填has sld。
    (4)考查副词。句意:他不仅想洗清自己的罪名,还想向医生证明他的故事是真实的。根据"He nt nly wished t clear his name but... Wished t shw the dctr that his stry was true."可知,此处是nt nly... But als...结构,意为"不仅……而且……"。所以填als。
    (5)考查名词。句意:奥利弗想到了另一个人,书店老板,他知道整个故事。根据"Oliver thught up anther man,the bkstre..."和备选词可知,此处指店主,wn的名词wner"主人"符合语境,所以填wner。
    (6)考查一般过去时。句意:令人高兴的是,奥利弗的故事被他的新朋友们完全当成了事实。根据"Oliver's stry... As the truth by his new friends cmpletely"可知,故事被接受了,主语是动作的承受者,时态是一般过去时,主语是单数。所以填was accepted。
    (7)考查先行词。句意:这种平静和安宁是奥利弗从未经历过的。根据"The peace and quiet were smething... Oliver had never experienced befre."可知,此处是定语从句,先行词是smething,用that引导定语从句。所以填that。
    (8)考查名词所有格。句意:只有真正朋友的关心和陪伴。根据"nly his true... Care and cmpany"可知,是真正朋友的关心和陪伴,结合前文"his new friends"可知,此处用名词复数的所有格作定语。所以填friends'。
    (9)考查副词。句意:下午,他和罗斯一起穿过森林和田野,听她大声读书。根据"he walked... The frest"和备选词可知,此处是walk thrugh短语,意为"走路穿过"。所以填thrugh。
    (10)考查形容词最高级。句意:结果,这段时间成了男孩一生中最快乐的一段时间。根据"this perid became the... Part f the by's life s far"和备选词可知,是奥利弗一生中最快乐的一段时间,happy"快乐的",定冠词修饰形容词最高级。所以填happiest。
    2.(2022•广安)
    Danny lived a hard life with his mther in a small twn. Althugh they were pr,they were always(1) helpful t thse in need.
    One day,Danny saw(2) an ld man carry a huge bag. The man lked tired and hungry. He(3) asked peple t help him carry the bag. (4) But nbdy agreed t help him. Danny ffered t give him a(5) hand . The ld man tld Danny that he had n mney t pay him.
    (6) With a laugh,Danny said that he was just trying t help. He asked the ld man where he wanted t g. He tld Danny t fllw him.
    (7) Finally ,the ld man stpped right in frnt f Danny's huse. "This is my huse!" cried Danny. The ld man just turned arund and tld Danny, "This bag is fr yu. Use it(8) well ." Then he went ff. Danny pened the bag and was(9) surprised t find a lt f mney inside. A(10) nte inside it said, "Help cmes t thse help."
    文章主旨:丹尼和他的母亲在一个小镇上过着艰苦的生活。虽然他们很穷,但他们总是帮助那些需要帮助的人。在帮助一个老人后,得到了很多钱。
    答案详解: (1)考查形容词。句意:虽然他们很穷,但他们总是帮助那些需要帮助的人。根据Althugh they were pr(虽然他们很穷)可知是指:虽然他们很穷,但他们总是帮助那些需要帮助的人。所以填helpful。
    (2)考查冠词。句意:有一天,丹尼看到一位老人背着一个大袋子。根据句意,可知此处表示泛指。ld发音以元音音素开头,用an。所以填an。
    (3)考查动词。句意:他请人们帮他提袋子。根据句意,可知考查ask sb t d sth让某人做某事。时态是一般过去时。所以填asked。
    (4)考查连词。句意:但是没有人同意帮助他。根据nbdy agreed t help him(没有人同意帮助他)可知这跟前文是转折关系。所以填But。
    (5)考查名词。句意:丹尼主动提出帮他一把。根据give him a,可知是give sb a hand给予……帮助,固定搭配。所以填hand。
    (6)考查介词。句意:丹尼笑着说他只是想帮忙。根据句意,可知此处是with表示伴随。所以填With。
    (7)考查副词。句意:最后,老人在丹尼的房子前面停了下来。根据the ld man stpped right in frnt f Danny's huse(一位老人在丹尼的房子前面停了下来)可知是指:最后,老人在丹尼的房子前面停了下来。所以填Finally。
    (8)考查副词。句意:好好使用它。根据This bag is fr yu.(这个包是给你的。)可知让他好好使用。此处是副词well修饰动词use。所以填well。
    (9)考查形容词。句意:丹尼打开包,惊讶地发现里面有很多钱。根据find a lt f mney inside(在里面发现很多钱)所以是惊讶的。此处是ed形容词修饰人。所以填surprised。
    (10)考查名词。句意:里面有一张纸条,上面写着:"帮助他人的人会得到帮助。" 根据it said(上面写着)可知是在一张纸条。a接可数名词单数形式。所以填nte。
    3.(2022•梧州)
    The weather gets clder,days get shrter,and leaves fall ff the tree. When winter (1) cmes ,peple live in warm huses and wear thick cats(2) utside . But what happens t the animals?
    Sme animals sleep fr part r all f the winter. It is a special,very deep sleep called hibernatin(冬眠). These (3) animals' bdy temperature drps,and their heartbeat(心跳)and breathing slw dwn. In autumn,they get ready fr winter by eating(4) mre fd than in summer and string it as bdy fat. This fat prvides (5) them with enugh energy while they are sleeping. Bears,snakes,frgs (6) and even sme bugs(甲虫)hibernate.
    Sme animals stay active in winter. It is hard fr them(7) t find fd. Sme f them,like mice,cllect extra fd in autumn and stre it t eat later. Sme ther animals eat (8) different kinds f fd as the seasns change. They may live in hles,in trees r(9) under the grund t stay warm. Sme birds,like wild geese(大雁),fly t the suth fr the winter. We call this migratin(迁徙).
    Nature (10) is full f magic. Aren't the ways that animals get thrugh the winter amazing?
    文章主旨:文章介绍了动物如何过冬。
    答案详解: (1)考查动词。句意:当冬天来临时,人们住在温暖的房子里,在外面穿厚厚的外套。根据peple live in warm huses(人们住在温暖的房子里)可知冬天来临。时态是一般现在时,主语是单数,接动词第三人称单数形式。所以填cmes。
    (2)考查介词。句意:当冬天来临时,人们住在温暖的房子里,在外面穿厚厚的外套根据wear thick cats(穿厚外套)可知在外面穿厚厚的外套。所以填utside。
    (3)考查名词所有格。句意:这些动物的体温下降,心跳和呼吸变慢。根据bdy temperature(体温)可知是指动物的体温。此处是名词复数形式是所有格。所以填animals'。
    (4)考查形容词。句意:在秋天,它们会比夏天吃更多的食物,并储存为身体脂肪,为冬天做准备。根据string it as bdy fat(储存为身体脂肪)可知吃更多的食物。所以填mre。
    (5)考查代词。句意:这些脂肪在它们睡觉时为它们提供了足够的能量。根据句意,可知考查prvide sb with sth给某人提供某物。动词后接代词宾格形式。them代替动物。所以填them。
    (6)考查连词。句意:熊、蛇、青蛙,甚至一些甲虫也会冬眠。根据even sme bugs(甚至一些甲虫)可知前后是并列关系。所以填and。
    (7)考查动词。句意:它们很难找到食物。根据in winter(在代替)可知代替很难找到食物。It is+形容词 fr sb t d sth某人做某事是……的。所以填t find。
    (8)考查形容词。句意:随着季节的变化,其他一些动物吃不同种类的食物。different kinds f不同种类的。所以填different。
    (9)考查介词。句意:它们可能住在洞里、树上或地下以保持温暖。根据live in hles(住在洞里)可知此处是指在地下。所以填under。
    (10)考查动词。句意:大自然充满了魔力。be full f充满。时态是一般现在时,主语是单数,接is。所以填is。
    4.(2022•阜新)
    Mark Smith is a student at a vcatinal schl ﹣﹣ a schl where peple learn hw t d many f the jbs that are needed in mdern sciety.
    "After I finished secndary schl,my results(1) shwed that I was better at ding things than at reading bks. I had t decide hw I wanted t make a(2) living in the future. I'm the srt f persn wh is gd at making things(3) with my hands. S I chse t g t vcatinal schl." Nw,he learns hw t repair machines.
    "Everyne needs a skill that is(4) useful if they want a gd life. And I like learning abut(5) hw things wrk," he says.
    Mark tells peple that he is very happy abut his chice. "Nw I can study the things that I like best. Everyne wants t(6) study what they are gd at,dn't they?" He believes that he has a bright future ahead f him. "Yu can't have a sciety where everyne wrks in(7) an ffice. Wrkers wh can make things and repair things will always be(8) needed ."
    (9) When peple ask Mark what he is mst interested in,he smiles. "Planes. I dn't knw why I've always lved(10) machines that fly,but I d. One day,I'm ging t help repair the planes that carry peple all ver the wrld."
    文章主旨:本文主要介绍了马克•史密斯是一所职业学校的学生。在职业学校里,人们学习如何做现代社会所需要的许多工作。
    答案详解: (1)考查动词。句意:中学毕业后,我的成绩显示,我做事比读书更在行。shw"显示"符合题意,根据 After I finished secndary schl,中学毕业后,可知要用一般过去时态时,所以填shwed。
    (2)考查动词。句意:我必须决定我将来想怎样谋生。make a living"谋生",所以填 living。
    (3)考查介词。句意:我是那种善于用手制作东西的人。with my hands"用手",所以填with。
    (4)考查形容词。句意:如果想要美好的生活,每个人都需要一种有用的技能。useful"有用的",所以填useful。
    (5)考查副词。句意:我喜欢学习事物如何运作。hw"如何",所以填hw。
    (6)考查动词。句意:每个人都想学习他们擅长的东西,不是吗?wants t+动词原形study,表示想学习。所以填study。
    (7)考查冠词。句意:你不可能有一个人人都在办公室工作的社会。ffice是以元音音素开头的,前用不定冠词an。所以填an。
    (8)考查动词。句意:总是需要能够制造和修理东西的工人。根据句意,needed符合题意,这里用过去分词表示被动的含义"被需要",所以填needed。
    (9)考查连词。句意:当人们问马克他最感兴趣的是什么时,他笑了。When"当……时候"引导时间状语从句。所以填When。
    (10)考查名词。句意:我不知道为什么我一直喜欢会飞的机器,但我喜欢。根据前面的Planes."飞机",此处应填名词复数machines"机器"。所以填machines。
    5.(2022•赤峰)
    Fish fr the Mn in the Well(水井)
    One evening,a 'clever' man,Hajia went t fetch sme water frm the well. When he (1) lked int the well,he fund the mn shining in the well. "Oh,Gd Heavens, (2) what a pity! The beautiful mn has (3) drpped int the well!" S he rushed hme fr a hk(钓钩),and tied it with the (4) rpe ,then put it int the well t (5) fish fr the mn.
    After sme time f hunting fr the mn,Hajia was happy t(6) find that smething was caught by the hk. He thught(7) it must be the mn. He pulled hard n the rpe. Because f the excessive pulling,the rpe brke and Hajia fell n his back. Just then Hajia saw the mn again high in the (8) sky . He said t himself, "Aha,it finally came back t its place! What a(9) gd jb!" He was prud f what he did. He tld everyne abut it(10) happily ,but he didn't knw hw silly he was.
    文章主旨:本文主要讲述了一位自认为聪明的人从井里捞月亮的故事。
    答案详解: (1)考查动词。句意:当他往井里看时,他发现月亮在井里照耀。根据"he fund the mn shining in the well"他发现月亮在井里照耀,可知他朝井里看,文章以一般过去时叙事,因此填lked。所以填lked。
    (2)考查疑问词。句意:哦,天哪,真可惜!根据标点可知,此处为感叹句,空格后有"a pity",因此填what。所以填what。
    (3)考查动词。句意:美丽的月亮掉进了井里。根据"S he rushed hme fr a hk(钓钩)"所以他赶回家拿了一个钓钩,可知他认为月亮掉进井里了,所以选动词drp的正确形式,再结合空格前has,可知此处用过去分词drpped。所以填drpped。
    (4)考查名词。句意:所以他赶回家拿了一个钓钩,用绳子把它系好,然后把它放进井里去钓月亮。根据下文"He pulled hard n the rpe."他使劲拉绳子,可知此处选rpe。所以填rpe。
    (5)考查动词。根据上文,他赶回家拿了一个钓钩,用绳子把它系好,因此是用钓钩捞月亮,因此选动词fish,意为"钓、在...中捕捞",空格前有动词不定式符号t,因此填动词原形。所以填fish。
    (6)考查动词。句意:在找了一段时间的月亮之后,Hajia很高兴地发现有东西被钩住了。根据"Hajia was happy"Hajia很高兴,可知他认为找到月亮了,因此选动词find,空格前有不定式符号t,所以填动词原形。所以填find。
    (7)考查代词。句意:他想那一定是月亮。根据句意可知,此处选it代指用钩子勾住的东西。所以填it。
    (8)考查名词。句意:就在这时,Hajia又看见月亮高高地挂在天上了。根据"saw the mn again high"又看见月亮高高挂起,可知是在天上,因此选sky。所以填sky。
    (9)考查形容词。句意:干得不错!本句为感叹句,jb为名词,因此选形容词gd。所以填gd。
    (10)考查副词。句意:他高兴地告诉每个人这件事,但他不知道他是多么愚蠢。根据"He was prud f what he did."他为自己所做的事感到骄傲,可知应该是高兴地告诉每个人这件事情,空格部分修饰动词tld,所以用副词happily。所以填happily。
    6.(2022•随州)
    Hw I Learned t Learn English
    Last year,I did nt like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. The teacher spke s(1) quickly that I did nt understand her mst f the time. I was afraid t ask questins because f my pr prnunciatin. I just(2) hid behind my textbk and never said anything.
    Then ne day I watched an English mvie called Ty Stry:I fell (3) in lve with this exciting and funny mvie! S I began t watch ther English mvies,t. (4) Althugh I culd nt understand everything the characters said,their bdy language and the expressins n their(5) faces helped me t get the meaning. I als(6) realized I culd get the meaning by listening fr just the key wrds. My prnunciatin imprved as well by listening t the cnversatins in English mvies. I discvered that listening t smething(7) interesting is the secret t language learning. I als learned(8) useful sentences like "It's a piece f cake" r "I serves yu right. I did nt understand these sentences at first. But because I wanted t understand the stry,I lked(9) them up in a dictinary.
    Nw I really enjy my English class. I want t learn new wrds and mre grammar s that I can have a(10) better understanding f English mvies.
    文章主旨:本文主要介绍了我本来不喜欢英语课,自从看了一部英文电影后逐渐喜欢英语的过程。
    答案详解: (1)考查副词。句意:老师说得太快了,大部分时间我都听不懂。结合 I did nt understand her mst f the time.(大部分时间我都听不懂。)可知说的太快了,修饰spke用副词quickly,所以答案是quickly。
    (2)考查动词。句意:我只是躲在课本后面,什么也没说。结合behind用动词hide隐藏,结合was用一般过去时,所以答案是hid。
    (3)考查介词。句意:我爱上了这部激动人心又有趣的电影!fall in lve with爱上,所以答案是in。
    (4)考查连词。句意:虽然我无法理解角色所说的一切,但他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情帮助我理解了他们的意思。结合句意表示转折,故用althugh引导的让步状语从句,所以答案是Althugh。
    (5)考查名词。句意:虽然我无法理解角色所说的一切,但他们的肢体语言和脸上的表情帮助我理解了他们的意思。结合expressins用名词复数faces,所以答案是faces。
    (6)考查动词。句意:我也意识到我可以通过只听关键词来理解意思。结合句意选择realize意识到,结合culd用一般过去时,所以答案是realized。
    (7)考查形容词。句意:我发现听一些有趣的东西是学习语言的秘诀。结合前文可知是学习了一些有趣的东西,故用interesting有趣的,所以答案是interesting。
    (8)考查形容词。句意:我还学习了一些有用的句子。修饰sentences用形容词,结合后文的like "It's a piece f cake" r "I serves yu right."(如"这是小菜一碟"或"你活该"。)可知选择useful有用的,所以答案是useful。
    (9)考查代词。句意:但因为我想理解这个故事,我在字典里查了一下。指代的是上文的these sentences 故用代词them,所以答案是them。
    (10)考查比较级。句意:我想学习新单词和更多语法,以便更好地理解英语电影。结合句意和mre用比较级better,所以答案是better。
    7.(2022•泰安)
    Cking is suppsed t be the mst basic living skill fr humans. Hwever,there are many kids wh are used t being fed and taken (1) care f everywhere,like "little emperrs and little princess". They can't tell the (2) differences between fd materials like leeks (韭菜) and shallts (小葱).
    In rder t stress (强调) the imprtance f hard﹣wrking spirit educatin (3) amng students,the Cmmunist Party f China Central Cmmittee recently released (发布) the guidelines. The guidelines call fr students t respect labr (劳动) wrk. Students shuld learn basic life skills and develp gd wrking (4) habits thrugh such educatin.
    Students will be (5) required t understand and master the basics f hme cking,frm preparing vegetables t (6) finally being able t cmplete the whle prcess f hme cking independently. These will be lifelng skills fr kids,helping them develp int well﹣runded individuals (个体),nt just students wh (7) are able t take exams.
    As children's (8) first teachers,parents shuld als encurage children t learn (9) hw t d chres at hme. Students shuld master ne r tw life skills every year. These skills can include cking,washing their wn clthes and tidying their rms.
    It's really imprtant fr students t take labr educatin (10) bth at schl and at hme.
    文章主旨:本文主要谈论了对学生来说,无论是在学校还是在家里接受劳动教育都非常重要。
    答案详解: (1)考查动词。句意:然而,也有很多孩子习惯了到处被喂食和照顾,比如"小皇帝和小公主"。take care f照顾,是固定短语。所以填care。
    (2)考查名词。句意:他们分不清韭菜和青葱等食材的区别。空处填名词,difference区别,是可数名词,根据语境可知用复数形式。所以填differences。
    (3)考查介词。句意:为了强调学生勤奋精神教育的重要性,中共中央近日发布了指导意见。空处填介词,amng在...中。所以填amng。
    (4)考查名词。句意:学生应通过这种教育学习基本的生活技能,养成良好的工作习惯。空处填名词做宾语,habit习惯,是可数名词,根据语境可知用复数形式。所以填habits。
    (5)考查动词。句意:要求学生了解和掌握家常菜的基本知识,从准备蔬菜到最终能够独立完成家常菜的全过程。空处填动词做谓语,require要求,根据be以及主语students可知用被动语态。所以填required。
    (6)考查副词。句意:要求学生了解和掌握家常菜的基本知识,从准备蔬菜到最终能够独立完成家常菜的全过程。空处填副词修饰be able t,finally最后。所以填finally。
    (7)考查系动词。句意:这些将是孩子们的终身技能,帮助他们成长为全面发展的人,而不仅仅是能够参加考试的学生。be able t d能够做某事,是固定搭配,主语是students,be动词用are。所以填are。
    (8)考查序数词。句意:作为孩子的第一任老师,家长也应该鼓励孩子学习如何在家做家务。根据句意可知填序数词first表示第一个。所以填first。
    (9)考查疑问词。句意:作为孩子的第一任老师,家长也应该鼓励孩子学习如何在家做家务。疑问词+不定式做宾语。所以填hw。
    (10)考查介词。句意:对学生来说,无论是在学校还是在家里接受劳动教育都非常重要。根据句意可知填bth表示两者都。所以填bth。
    8.(2022•成都)
    When the ther mdels appeared n the stage,the audience cheered and clapped. Then it was Niu's turn. The audience suddenly became(1) silent . Hwever,after fur r five secnds,Niu(2) clearly heard smene next t the stage say in admiratin, "S cl!"
    Niu Yu,24,became a(n) (3) shining star at Shanghai Fashin Week fr her cnfidence ,even thugh she was wearing a prsthetic leg. When Niu was nly 11,she(4) unluckily lst her right leg during the Wenchuan Earthquake.
    Niu has wn lts f praise. This gives thse wh have prejudice(偏见) against the disabled a hit n the nse."I (5) was tuched by smething they said. They said the traditinal view was that sprts were fr peple with(6) healthy legs,but sprts shuld be a kind f spirit. Even thugh I have lst a leg,I still deeply lve sprts and will d s frever," Niu said. Actually,Niu first drew the public's attentin when she(7) cmpleted a marathn 一 a 42﹣kilmeter race in 2018,which was held in Wenchuan t mark the(8) tenth anniversary(周年纪念) f the earthquake.
    Nw,Niu wrks as a phtgrapher and has mre than 850,000(9) fllwers n scial platfrms,such as Duyin."I feel I have a scial respnsibility t bridge the disabled and the public. Shwing my life t the public can allw them t(10) better/well understand ur grup and can als tell ther disabled peple that ur sciety is mre tlerant(宽容) than they imagined ,"she explained.
    文章主旨:本文主要讲了残疾人模特牛钰的故事。
    答案详解: (1)考查形容词。句意:观众突然安静下来。结合上文,When the ther mdels appeared n the stage,the audience cheered and clapped.可知其他人上台的时候观众欢呼鼓掌,判断到牛钰的时候,观众变得安静,becme后跟形容词。所以答案是silent。
    (2)考查副词。句意:然而,四五秒钟后,牛清晰地听到台下有人赞叹道:"太酷了!"clearly"清楚地"符合题意,用副词修饰实义动词。所以答案是clearly。
    (3)考查动名词。句意:尽管装着假腿,24岁的牛钰还是凭借自信成为了上海时装周上的一颗闪亮的明星。star为名词,用形容词shining"闪亮的"修饰。所以答案是shining。
    (4)考查副词。句意:当牛年仅11岁时,她不幸在汶川地震中失去了右腿。unlucky"不幸的"符合题意,用副词修饰实义动词。所以答案是unluckily。
    (5)考查被动语态。句意:我被他们说的一些话感动了。tuch"感动"符合题意,根据said判断时态为一般过去时,被动语态,I后谓语动词was dne的形式。所以答案是was tuched。
    (6)考查形容词。句意:他们说,传统观点认为运动是腿部健康的人才能参加的,但运动应该是一种精神。healthy"健康的"符合题意,用形容词修饰名词。所以答案是healthy。
    (7)考查动词的过去式。句意:实际上,在2018年,当她完成了为纪念汶川地震十周年而举办的马拉松一42千米比赛时,牛第一次引起公众的关注。cmplete"完成"符合题意,根据in 2018判断时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。所以答案是cmpleted。
    (8)考查序数词。句意:实际上,在2018年,当她完成了为纪念汶川地震十周年而举办的马拉松——42千米比赛时,牛第一次引起公众的关注。ten"十"符合题意,用序数词表示顺序。所以答案是tenth。
    (9)考查可数名词复数。句意:现在,牛是一名摄影师,在抖音等社交平台上拥有超过85万名粉丝。fllwer"粉丝"符合题意,850,000后跟可数名词复数。所以答案是fllwers。
    (10)考查副词比较级。句意:向公众展示我的生活可以让他们更好地了解我们的群体,也可以告诉其他残疾人,我们的社会比他们想象的更宽容,gd"好的"符合题意,understand为实义动词,用副词(比较级)修饰。所以答案是better/well。
    9.(2022•淄博)
    Life is full f pleasure,pain,learning,grwth,happiness and sadness. Thse can make peple better and wiser. E. L Knigsburg,a famus(1) writer ,tells children, "Befre yu can be anything,yu have t be yurself. That's the hardest thing t find."
    Knigsburg herself(2) spent many years ding many things befre she discvered that she wanted t be and culd be a writer.
    Knigsburg was(3) brn in New Yrk City. She was a gd student,graduated first in her high schl class,and was the first persn in her family t g t(4) cllege ,where she gt a degree in chemistry.
    (5) After finishing cllege,she gt married and then started wrking n a master's degree (硕士学位) in chemistry. When she and her husband mved t Flrida,she began t teach science at a private girls' schl.
    Sn,hwever,Knigsburg realized she was mre(6) interested in what was ging n inside the students than what was ging n inside the test tubes (试管). She stpped teaching science and stayed at hme t raise her three children. She(7) als began t take drawing and painting classes. Sme f her wrks wn awards (奖) in cmpetitins.
    As her children grew,Knigsburg had a strng wish t write abut their experiences and thse f her students in the past. S she did. Tday,tw Newbery Awards,mre than 15 bks,and(8) millins f yung readers later,she is still writing.
    Knigsburg has a ne wrd piece f advice fr peple(9) wh want t be a writer. "Finish. Dn't talk abut ding it. D it. Finish ". That als makes it(10) easier t face any challenge in lives.
    文章主旨:这篇短文主要讲述了作家E. L Knigsburg的故事。
    答案详解: (1)考查名词。根据下文she discvered that she wanted t be and culd be a writer.(她发现自己想成为并且可能成为一名作家。)可知E. L Knigsburg是一位著名的作家。所以填writer。
    (2)考查动词。句意:Knigsburg自己花了很多年做很多事情。spend time ding sth.花时间做某事。句子为一般过去时。所以填spent。
    (3)考查动词。句意:Knigsburg出生于纽约市。be brn in 出生于。所以填brn。
    (4)考查名词。根据上文She was a gd student,graduated first in her high schl class,(她是个好学生,高中班第一名毕业,)以及下文where she gt a degree in chemistry.(她在那里获得了化学学士学位。)可知她是家里第一个上大学的人。g t cllege 上大学。所以填cllege。
    (5)考查介词。根据句意可知是大学毕业后,首字母需大写。所以填After。
    (6)考查形容词。根据句意可知Knigsburg意识到她对学生们的内心世界更感兴趣。所以填interested。
    (7)考查连词。根据上文She stpped teaching science and stayed at hme t raise her three children.(她停止教科学,呆在家里抚养她的三个孩子。)可知她也开始上绘画课。所以填als。
    (8)考查名词。句意:如今,她仍在写作,两次获得纽伯里奖,超过15本书,以及后来的数百万年轻读者。millins f 数百万计的。所以填millins。
    (9)考查代词。句意:Knigsburg为想成为作家的人提供了一条单字的建议。wh指代前面的peple。所以填wh。
    (10)考查形容词。根据上文Finish. Dn't talk abut ding it. D it. Finish.(完成。不要谈论做这件事。去做。完成。)可知这也使我们更容易面对生活中的任何挑战。所以填easier。
    10.(2022•黄石)
    When the mvie Leap was put n at cinemas n Sept.25,2020,it received a lt f praise frm the whle cuntry. The mvie shws the spirit f the Chinese wmen's vlleyball players and(1) their jurney t becming an excellent vlleyball team.
    In rder t stand n the wrld's (2) highest pdium(领奖台),the girls f the wmen's vlleyball team wrked day and night t practice. Finally,they became the gld medal(金牌) wners and the (3) pride f the Chinese peple. Hwever,the rad t the champinship (冠军称号) (4) was cvered with tears and sweats(汗水). They fell many times and climbed (5) up again and again t achieve the final success. "Withut ging thrugh the wind and rain, (6) hw can we see the rainbw(彩虹)?N ne can succeed (7) easily " The girls always keep these wrds (8) in mind. Over 40 years f ups and dwns,they have gradually becme a legend (传奇) f the wrld vlleyball sprt.
    (9) Serving the cuntry and never giving up are the keys t their success. That is what the film Leap wants us (10) t remember frever.
    文章主旨:本文介绍的是影片《夺冠》。文章介绍了该片的主要内容及女排成功的原因。
    答案详解: (1)人称代词辨析。句意:这部电影展示了中国女排运动员的精神以及她们成为优秀排球队的历程。根据句意,可知是女排的历程,用形容词性物主代词their。所以填their。
    (2)形容词最高级辨析。根据下文Finally,they became the gld medal(金牌) wners (最后,他们成为金牌拥有者),就是他们站在了世界最高的领奖台。"最高的"用highest。所以填highest。
    (3)名词辨析。句意:最后,他们成为金牌拥有者,成为中国人民的骄傲。prud是形容词"骄傲的",它的名词"骄傲"是pride。所以填pride。
    (4)动词辨析。句意:然而,通往冠军的路上充满了泪水和汗水。be cvered with"布满;充满",因为这里讲的是女排的经历,用一般过去时。所以填was cvered。
    (5)介词辨析。句意:他们多次跌倒,一次又一次爬起来,最终取得了成功。climb up爬起来。所以填up。
    (6)特殊疑问词辨析。句意:没有风雨,我们怎么能看到彩虹?hw怎么。所以填hw。
    (7)副词辨析。句意:没有人能轻易成功。副词easily修饰动词succeed。所以填easily。
    (8)介词辨析。句意:女孩们总是在心里记住这些话。in mind在心里。所以填in。
    (9)动词辨析。句意:服务国家,永不放弃是他们成功的关键。serve the cuntry服务国家,又因为serve和后面的giving并列关系,作句子的主语,用动名词,句首大写首字母。所以填Serving。
    (10)动词辨析。句意:这就是电影《夺冠》希望我们永远记住的。want sb. T d sth.想让某人做某事。所以填t remember。
    11.(2022•鞍山)
    Everyne can be the best at smething. Last week,a middle schl in Beijing (1) held an activity called Guinness Campus (校园吉尼斯)t help students find their ptential(潜力).
    "There are all kinds f prjects yu can take part in and all kinds f recrds fr yu t set," said ninth grader Lin Yan. "I chse 'Dmin Twer' (2) because I have the mst cnfidence in this."
    Students needed t (3) build a twer using dmines(多 米诺骨牌). Whever built the tallest twer in ne minute wn. Lin set the recrd with 33 levels. "At first I didn't d it very well,but after trying ver and ver again,I fund sme ways t d it much (4) faster ,"she said. "The game requires yu t be bth calm and patient. If yu lse yur temper(脾气) when the twer (5) falls ,yu may lse the chance t win."
    Seventh grader Wang Shuangqi set a recrd fr the lngest juggle(颠球) f a sccer ball with ne ft.He did it fr 4 (6) minutes and 34 secnds. "I have been practicing juggling fr three (7) r fur years,s I'm cnfident,"said Wang. "Juggling with nly ne ft needs balance and stability(稳定性),and I'm talented (8) in it."
    When asked if he was afraid that smene (9) else wuld break his recrd ne day,Wang said he was expecting that t happen. "During the activity,we keep reaching higher gals. If smene breaks (10) my recrd,I'll be even mre encuraged t try harder,finding mre ptential with in me."
    文章主旨:本文讲述了每个人都可以在某些方面做得最好。上周,北京的一所中学举办了一项名为吉尼斯校园的活动,帮助学生发掘潜力。
    答案详解: (1)考查动词。句意:上周,北京的一所中学举办了一项名为吉尼斯校园的活动,帮助学生发掘潜力。根据an activity,可知是举办活动,held为hld"举办"的过去式,根据last week,可知时态为一般过去时。所以答案是:held。
    (2)考查连词。句意:我选择了‘多米诺塔',因为我对此最有信心。根据句意,可知这里用because"因为"。所以答案是:because。
    (3)考查动词。句意:学生们需要用多米诺骨牌建造一座塔。根据a twer,可知建造一座塔,build"修建",need t d sth"需要做某事"。所以答案是:build。
    (4)考查比较级。句意:一开始我做得不太好,但经过一次又一次的尝试,我找到了一些更快的方法。根据after trying ver and ver again,可知,我找到了一些更快的方法,much后跟比较级,fast的比较级为faster。所以答案是:faster。
    (5)考查动词。句意:如果你在塔楼倒塌时发脾气,你可能会失去获胜的机会。根据yu may lse the chance t win,可知如果你在塔楼倒塌时发脾气,你可能会失去获胜的机会,"倒塌"为动词"fall",根据文章,可知时态为一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,故用fall的单数形式falls。所以答案是:falls。
    (6)考查名词。句意:他用了4分34秒。根据and 34 secnds,可知他用了4分34秒,4分"4 minutes"。所以答案是:minutes。
    (7)考查连词。句意:我练杂耍已经三、四年了,所以我很自信。根据句意,可知"三、四年"为"three r fur years"。所以答案是:r。
    (8)考查介词。句意:只用一只脚玩杂耍需要平衡和稳定,我在这方面很有天赋。根据句意,be talented in"在...方面有天赋"符合句意。所以答案是:in。
    (9)考查形容词。句意:当被问到是否担心有一天会有其他的人打破他的纪录时,王建民说,他期待这种情况发生。根据句意,可知这里为smene else"其他的人"。所以答案是:else。
    (10)考查人称代词。句意:如果有人打破了我的记录,我会更受鼓励,更加努力,从中发现更多的潜力。根据I'll be even mre encuraged t try harder,finding mre ptential with in me(我会更受鼓励,更加努力,从中发现更多的潜力)可知如果有人打破了我的记录,"我的"为形容词性物主代词"my",修饰名词recrd。所以答案是:my。
    12.(2022•锦州)
    This is a stry abut tw wise men — Zhuge Liang and Zhu Yu. The Chinese peple have been telling the stry fr many years.
    One day,Zhu Yu gave Zhuge Liang an (1) impssible task. He asked him t make 100,000 arrws (箭)in ten days. ''N prblem," Zhuge Liang said at nce. "I'll bring yu 100,000 arrws in(2) three days."
    Zhuge Liang asked his sldiers (士兵)t (3) fill 20 large bats with many straw (稻草)men. On the early mrning f the third day,he als asked the sldiers t sail (航行) the bats t the camps f Ca Ca's army n the (4) ther side f the river. The sldiers shuted and beat their drums ludly.
    When Ca Ca's sldiers (5) heard the sunds,they thught they were under attack(攻击). Hwever,they culd nt see enemies(6) thrugh the thick fg (雾)n the river. Ca Ca rdered his sldiers t sht arrws twards the sunds f the (7) drums and the shuting. Zhuge Liang 's bats were sn full f arrws.
    Zhuge Liang' s sldiers then(8) turned the bats arund and shuted, "Thank yu fr yur arrws,Ca Ca." Zhuge Liang tk all(9) these arrws t Zhu Yu. He finished the task successfully. There were (10) mre than 100,000 f them. It is the stry f Brrw Arrws with Straw Bats.
    文章主旨:本文讲述了草船借箭的故事。
    答案详解: (1)考查形容词。句意:一天,周瑜给了诸葛亮一个不可能完成的任务。根据"He asked him t make 100,000 arrws (箭)in ten days.(他要求他在十天后制造十万支箭。)"可知为pssible"可能的"反义词impssible"不可能的"符合题意。所以填impssible。
    (2)考查数词。句意:"没问题,"诸葛亮立刻说,"我三天后给你带十万支箭"。根据前文讲述"周瑜要求诸葛亮在十天后制造十万支箭"和下文"On the early mrning f the third day(第三天一早)"可知三天后给你带十万支箭,in three days"三天后"。所以填three。
    (3)考查动词。句意:诸葛亮要求他的士兵在20艘大船上装满许多稻草。根据句意,可知fill sth with sth"用...把...填满"符合句意,ask sb t d sth"要求某人做某事"。所以填fill。
    (4)考查形容词。句意:第三天一早,他还要求士兵们把船开到河对岸的曹军营地。根据side f the river,可知为the ther side f the river,指河的另一边。所以填ther。
    (5)考查动词。句意:当曹操的士兵听到这些声音时,他们以为自己受到了攻击。根据sunds,可知hear"听到"符合句意,根据thught可知时态为一般过去时,hear的过去式为"heard"。所以填heard。
    (6)考查介词。句意:然而,他们无法透过河上的浓雾看到敌人。根据the thick fg (雾),可知透过浓雾,穿过"thrugh",指从内部穿过。所以填thrugh。
    (7)考查名词。句意:曹操命令他的士兵朝着鼓声和喊声射箭。根据前文讲述敲鼓,可知这里指鼓的声音,the sunds f the drums"鼓声"。所以填drums。
    (8)考查动词。句意:诸葛亮的士兵们把船转过来,喊道:"谢谢你的箭,曹操"。根据讲述草船上有了曹操军队射出的箭,可知士兵们把船转过来,转向"turn",根据文章,可知时态为一般过去时,turn的过去式为"turned"。所以填turned。
    (9)考查代词。句意:诸葛亮把这些箭都送给了周瑜。根据arrws,可知指这些箭,these"这些",后跟可数名词复数。所以填these。
    (10)考查比较级。句意:其中有10万多支箭。根据than,可知为mre than"多于"符合句意。所以填mre。
    13.(2022•菏泽)
    In ancient times,peple cvered themselves with animal skins r leaves until the arrival f the Gddess f Silkwrm(蚕神).
    She was a pretty and kind﹣hearted girl. Unluckily,at that time (1) bth her parents were ill,and she had t g ut herself t pick wild fruit fr them. But sn there (2) was n mre fruit t pick arund her hme. She was s wrried (3) that she began t cry under a mulberry (桑葚)tree. Finally,the Emperr in Heaven was mved by her stry and sent a gd t turn (4) int a silkwrm n the mulberry tree.
    The silkwrm drpped sme sweet mulberries int the girl's muth. When she realized that the mulberry culd be eaten,she was very happy(5) and picked sme fr her parents every day.
    That summer,the silkwrm began t give silk and build a ccn(茧). The girl tk the (6) silk ut f the ccn and then made int clthes. The clthes felt cl in the summer and stayed (7) warm in the winter. S she picked sme silkwrms frm the mulberry tree and raised them. Later,she began t(8) teach lcal peple t weave(纺织) and wear beautiful and cmfrtable silk clthes.
    The King was happy abut her (9) inventin and decided t give her a new name Leizu. Later,Leizu married the Yellw Emperr and helped him unite China. She als (10) encuraged the emperr t spread sericulture(养蚕业)acrss the cuntry. Since then,Leizu has been respected by Chinese peple as the Gddess f Silkwrm.
    文章主旨:在古代,人们用兽皮或树叶覆盖自己,直到蚕神的到来。本文讲述了被中国人尊为蚕神的嫘祖的故事。
    答案详解: (1)考查形容词。句意:不幸的是,那时她的父母都生病了,她不得不自己出去给他们摘野果。指父母两个人,用bth表示两者都。所以填bth。
    (2)考查系动词。句意:但是很快她家周围就没有水果可摘了。there be表示有,根据语境可知用一般过去时,主语fruit是不可数名词,因此用was。所以填was。
    (3)考查固定搭配。句意:她非常担心,于是在一棵桑树下哭了起来。s... That...如此...以至于...。所以填that。
    (4)考查介词。句意:最后,天堂里的皇帝被她的故事感动了,派了一个神在桑树上变成了一只蚕。turn int转变成。所以填int。
    (5)考查连词。句意:当她意识到桑葚可以吃的时候,她非常高兴,每天都摘一些给她的父母。picked与前面的was并列做谓语,因此用and连接。所以填and。
    (6)考查名词。句意:女孩从茧中取出丝,然后做成衣服。空处填名词做tk的宾语,silk蚕丝。所以填silk。
    (7)考查形容词。句意:这些衣服夏天感觉凉爽,冬天感觉温暖。warm in the winter与前面的cl in the summer 相对应。所以填warm。
    (8)考查动词。句意:后来,她开始教当地人编织和穿漂亮舒适的丝绸衣服。begin t d开始做某事,teach sb t d教某人做某事。所以填teach。
    (9)考查名词。句意:国王很高兴她的发明,并决定给她一个新的名字叫嫘祖。形容词性物主代词her后接名词,inventin发明。所以填inventin。
    (10)考查。句意:她还鼓励皇帝在全国推广养蚕业。encurage sb t d鼓励某人做某事,根据语境可知用一般过去时。所以填encuraged。
    14.(2022•郴州)
    Once upn a time,there was a shepherd. He kept many sheep. (1) In the day time,he herded (放牧) them utside;at night,he drve them int the sheepfld(羊圈) which was enclsed by dry grass and pegs.
    One mrning,the shepherd (2) went t herd the sheep and fund ne sheep lst. He then fund that the sheepfld had been brken and there was a big (3) hle . "The wlf must have stlen the sheep thrugh the hle. "He thught. "Yu'd better(4) repair the sheepfld and mend the hle as sn as pssible." The neighbr advised him. "The sheep has been lst. It's n use repairing the sheepfld." He didn't take the neighbr's kind(5) advice .
    The next mrning,he went t herd and fund(6) anther sheep lst. "The wlf had dne it again!" The shepherd was very angry. But this time,he regretted nt taking (7) his neighbr's advice and nt taking actin in time. He mended the hle sn,and made the whle sheepfld (8) strnger than befre. Frm then n,his sheep didn't get stlen any mre.
    The shepherd was smart(9) enugh t prevent sheep frm being stlen by mending the hle f the sheepfld. What wuld yu d(10) if yu made a mistake r did smething wrng?D smething t make it up,just as the saying ges,"Better late than never!"
    文章主旨:本文讲述了"亡羊补牢"的故事。
    答案详解: (1)考查介词。句意:白天,他在外面放养,到了晚上,他把羊赶进羊圈里。此空是考查固定搭配,在白天,in the day time.所以填入In。
    (2)考查动词。句意:这个牧羊人去放羊,发现丢了一只羊。根据句意选定了动词g,结合时态应该用一般过去时。所以填入went。
    (3)考查名词。句意:他发现羊圈坏了,有了一个大洞。结合句意此时需要填入名词hle,"洞"的意思。而且是单数。所以填入hle。
    (4)考查动词。句意:邻居说,"狼肯定是通过这个洞偷走了羊的,你最好赶尽快修理好羊圈,补上这个洞。"结合句意此空需要填入动词"修理",而且跟在had better后面,用动词原形。所以填入repair。
    (5)考查名词。句意:羊已经丢了。修理羊圈没用了。所以他没有接受邻居提出的友善的建议、此空需要填入名词"忠告,建议",从备选词汇中选定advice,因为它是不可数名词。所以直接填入即可。所以填入advice。
    (6)考查不定代词。句意:第二天早上,他去放养时,发现又丢了一只羊。结合句意,此空需要填入"另一个",直接选择anther。所以填入anther.
    (7)考查物主代词。句意:这次他很后悔没有接受他邻居的建议。结合句意可知,此空需要填入一个形容词性物主代词,表示"他的",将选定的he变成his即可。所以填入his。
    (8)考查比较级。句意:他很快就补好了洞。让整个羊圈比以前更加的结实。此空后的than是比较级的标志词,结合句意选定形容词strng,将其变成比较级strnger.所以填入strnger。
    (9)考查副词。句意:这个牧羊人很聪明,通过补好羊圈的洞阻止羊继续被偷。
    结合句意可知,此处缺少一个副词修饰形容词smart,剩余可以选择的就是enugh.当它修饰形容词时需要后置,即,smart enugh.所以填入enugh。
    (10)考查连词。句意:如果你犯了错误或做了错事,你会怎么做呢?结合句意两个句子之间缺少一个连接词,从句是一个条件,即,是一个条件状语从句。所以填入if。
    15.(2022•济宁)
    Matt Owens f New Zealand was n his way hme ne day when he saw an injured (受伤的) bird n the side f the rad. The (1) pr bird lked very lnely,s Matt decided t take him hme and bring him back t (2) health . And he gave the bird a name:Swp.
    After spending plenty f time caring fr his new friend,Matt helped him walk and even fly. Finally,it was time t set Swp free back int the wild,but the bird chse t (3) stay with Matt and his cat Mwgli instead!
    At the beginning,Matt didn't want t intrduce Swp t Mwgli (4) because he was afraid Mwgli might nt like him. But since Swp was part f their (5) family ,Matt sat dwn with Mwgli and helped the cat accept his new brther.
    It wrked ut(6) perfectly ! Tday,Swp gets n well with Mwgli. "They have becme very gd (7) friends ,and they play with each ther all the time," Matt said. Swp has made Matt's life better in mre ways than ne!
    文章主旨:Matt Owens在路旁发现受伤的鸟Swp,将受伤的鸟带回家以后,小猫Mwgli就陪着鸟一起养伤。鸟恢复健康以后,他与Matt Owens和Mwgli已成了一家人,他们快乐地生活在一起。
    答案详解: (1)考查形容词。句意:这只可怜的鸟看起来很孤独,所以Matt决定带他回家,让他恢复健康。形容词修饰名词,所以答案是pr。
    (2)考查名词。句意:这只可怜的鸟看起来很孤独,所以Matt决定带他回家,让他恢复健康。前面的词语是介词t,所以要用名词来填空,所以答案是health。
    (3)考查动词短语。句意:但是这只鸟而是选择了与Matt Owens和Mwgli待在一起。stay with所以答案是stay with。
    (4)考查连词。句意:开始的时候,Matt 不想介绍Swp 给Mwgli,因为他害怕Mwgli可能不喜欢他。because引导原因状语从句,所以答案是because。
    (5)考查名词。句意:但是自从Swp成了他们的家庭的一份子之后。前面的词语是形容词性物主代词,所以要用名词来填空,他们是一个家庭,所以要用单数名词来填空,所以答案是family。
    (6)考查副词。句意:结果很好!副词修饰动词,所以答案是perfectly。
    (7)考查名词。句意:他们已经变成了好朋友。主语是they,所以要用复数名词来填空,所以答案是friends。
    16.(2022•辽宁)
    Lng lng ag,peple always walked barefted(光脚的).
    A king happened t(1) travel far int the cuntryside. He was greatly trubled because there were lts f brken(2) stnes n the rad and they hurt his feet seriusly. When he returned t his palace,he tld his men(3) t cver all the rads with cattle hide(牛皮革). He hped walking wuld n lnger be a (4) painful thing. But even if all cattle in the cuntry were killed,there wuldn't be enugh hide t get the wrk dne.
    They culd d(5) nthing but shake their heads. At this time,a clever general in the palace made a(n)(6) suggestin ,"My king,why dn't yu take an easy way?Yu dn't need t kill s many cattle. Yu(7) nly cver each f yur feet with a piece f hide." The king was surprised and pleased,and he (8) changed his mind at nce and supprted the plan.
    This is why peple use hide t make shes.(9) Thugh it seems strange,it encurages us t think. It is usually (10) easier t change neself than t change the wrld. Try t put yurself in the psitin f the persn yu deal with. Then when yu use anther way f thinking,yu will find it is nt difficult fr yu t slve the prblem.
    文章主旨:本文主要介绍了鞋的来历。
    答案详解: (1)考查动词。句意:一个国王碰巧到很远的乡村去旅行。happen t d sth.固定短语,碰巧做某事,所以答案是travel。
    (2)考查名词。句意:他被碎石弄得很困扰。前面的词语是brken,所以要用名词来填空,复数名词表示一类事物。所以答案是stnes。
    (3)考查动词不定式。句意:他命令他的人给所有的道路都铺上牛皮。tell sb. T d sth.固定短语,告诉某人做某事,所以答案是t cver。
    (4)考查形容词。句意:他希望走路不再是一个痛苦的事情。形容词修饰名词,所以答案是painful。
    (5)考查代词。句意:他们除了摇头之外,什么也做不了。前面的词语是d,所以要用代词来填空,所以答案是nthing。
    (6)考查名词。句意:宫殿里一个聪明的将军做出了一个决定。make a suggestin固定短语,提出一个建议,所以答案是suggestin。
    (7)考查副词。句意:你只需要用一块皮革覆盖住你的脚就可以。副词修饰动词,所以答案是nly。
    (8)考查动词。句意:他立刻改变了他的注意。主体时态是一般过去时,所以答案是changed。
    (9)考查连词。句意:尽管这看起来很奇怪,但是这让我们思考。Thugh引导让步状语从句,所以答案是Thugh。
    (10)考查形容词比较级。句意:改变某人自己要比改变这个世界更简单一点。后面的词语是than,所以要用形容词比较级来填空,所以答案是easier。
    17.(2022•广西)
    Wrld Animal Day falls n Octber 4th. It is t make the wrld a better place fr all animals.
    Prtecting animals has gt(1) much attentin all ver the wrld. Every year IUCN (国际自然保护联盟) reprts sme imprtant infrmatin abut the plants and animals in(2) danger . The giraffe is ne f them. Over the last 30 years,the(3) number f giraffes has drpped by 40%. There are nw fewer than 10,000 giraffes in the wrld tday! Things are getting wrse. Many animals are(4) lsing their lives because f human activities. Animals are ften killed fr their meat,teeth r even just fr(5) fun .
    Animals will get mre help,if(6) everyne starts t d smething. Here are the things yu can d.
    ●Lve animals. Yu culd(7) give them a hand when it is necessary.
    ●G(8) utside t see wildlife. If yu take a walk in nature,yu can enjy seeing all the plants and animals arund yu.
    ◆Speak up fr wildlife. Animals can't speak fr themselves. Yu can be a(9) vice fr yur animal friends.
    ◆Learn mre abut animals'(10) difficult situatins. By learning abut their prblems and pains,yu can find new ways t help them.
    文章主旨:本文讲述了每年国际自然保护联盟都会报告一些有关濒危动植物的重要信息。许多动物因为人类活动而失去了生命。必要时我们每个人都可以做点什么来帮他们一把。
    答案详解: (1)考查形容词。句意:保护动物已受到全世界的广泛关注。get attentin"受关注",这里用much"许多"修饰不可数名词attentin。所以填much。
    (2)考查名词。句意:每年国际自然保护联盟都会报告一些有关濒危动植物的重要信息。in danger"处于危险中"符合题意,为后置定语。所以填danger。
    (3)考查名词。句意:在过去的30年里,长颈鹿的数量下降了40%。the number f..."...的数量"符合题意,作主语,谓语动词用单数。所以填number。
    (4)考查动词。句意:许多动物因为人类活动而失去了生命。根据句意,lse their lives"失去他们的生命"符合题意,are后面跟lse的现在分词lsing。所以填lsing。
    (5)考查名词。句意:动物常常被杀是为了它们的肉、牙齿,甚至只是为了好玩。根据句意,fr fun"为了好玩"符合句意。所以填fun。
    (6)考查复合不定代词。句意:如果每个人都开始做点什么,动物会得到更多的帮助。根据句意,这里指的是如果每个人都开始做点什么,everyne"每个人",作主语,谓语动词用单数。所以填everyne。
    (7)考查动词。句意:必要时你可以帮他们一把。give sb a hand"帮助某人"符合句意,culd后跟give的原形。所以填give。
    (8)考查副词。句意:到外面去看野生动物。根据"If yu take a walk in nature,yu can enjy seeing all the plants and animals arund yu.(如果你在大自然中散步,你可以欣赏周围所有的动植物。)"可知到外面去看野生动物,g utside"去外面"符合题意。所以填utside。
    (9)考查名词。句意:你可以为动物朋友发表意见。根据"Animals can't speak fr themselves.(动物不能为自己说话。)"可知你可以为动物朋友发表意见,vice"发表意见的权利"符合题意,前面有不定冠词"a",故用其单数形式。所以填vice。
    (10)考查形容词。句意:进一步了解动物的困境。根据"By learning abut their prblems and pains(通过了解他们的问题和痛苦)"可知进一步了解动物的困境,difficult"困难的"符合题意,修饰名词situatins。所以填difficult。
    18.(2022•贺州)
    A man sees a butterfly. The butterfly tries t get ut f (1) its chrysalis(蛹). The man cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly cmes ut easily. T his(2) surprise ,the butterfly is unable t fly. If the butterfly desn't struggle(挣扎)t get ut f the chrysalis,it can't fly. The struggle develps the energy in the butterfly. Similarly,the challenges f life bring ut the(3) best in yung peple and prepare the ability t "fly".
    When peple are yung,meeting and vercming challenges will make them strng and ready t face life. Fr successful peple,the mre challenges they have had,the mre(4) successful they are. One famus man,wh nw wns many big(5) factries ,used t sell scks frm dr t dr when he was yung. Anther success man is Eric. He(6) set up a cllege at the age f 30. His father died when he was nly 16. He wrked(7) hard in the day and studied hard in the night. His father's death frced him t grw up fast. He tk up the challenges and vercame them. Tday,nt nly he himself, (8) but als his brthers and sisters are leading successful lives.
    Nwadays,sme parents and teachers actively(9) encurage yung peple t face challenges. It is imprtant(10) fr them t learn t meet challenges and vercme them.
    文章主旨:本文通过蝴蝶借助外力的作用破蛹但不能飞的故事来讲述人也要敢于面对挑战,每一次的战胜挑战都能促使能力的提升,挑战越多,成功越多。
    答案详解: (1)考查代词。句意:蝴蝶试图破茧而出。指的是蝴蝶的蛹,用形容词性物主代词its。所以填its。
    (2)考查名词。句意:令他惊讶的是,蝴蝶不会飞了。t ne's surprise令某人吃惊的是。所以填surprise。
    (3)考查最高级。句意:同样,生活的挑战激发出年轻人最好的一面,并为"飞翔"的能力做准备。the后接形容词最高级best,表示最好的。所以填best。
    (4)考查形容词。句意:对于成功的人来说,他们面临的挑战越多,他们就越成功。系动词are后接形容词作表语,successful成功的。所以填successful。
    (5)考查名词。句意:一位现在拥有许多大工厂的名人,年轻时曾挨家挨户地卖袜子。factry工厂,是可数名词,根据many可知用复数形式。所以填factries。
    (6)考查动词。句意:他在30岁时创办了一所大学。set up建立,这里用过去式set构成一般过去时。所以填set。
    (7)考查副词。句意:他白天努力工作,晚上努力学习。wrk hard努力工作。所以填hard。
    (8)考查连词。句意:今天,不仅他自己,他的兄弟姐妹也都过着成功的生活。nt nly... But als...不但...而且...。所以填but。
    (9)考查动词。句意:现在,一些家长和老师积极鼓励年轻人面对挑战。encurage鼓励,时态是一般现在时,主语是复数,因此用原形。所以填encurage。
    (10)考查介词。句意:对他们来说,学会迎接并克服挑战是很重要的。It is+形容词+fr sb t d做某事对某人来说怎么样。所以填fr。
    19.(2022•凉山州)
    In Mianning,Liangshan,the village dctr Ma Li is at the health center by herself. On the dr is her phne number. She is(1) always n call as lng as the villagers fall ill.
    When Ma Li arrived at the village fr the (2) first time,she was cmpletely shcked. As a dctr,she felt very sad t learn that wmen ften died (3) withut getting medical care in time when they gave birth t children. It was just because (4) n hspital was nearby. S she made a decisin t help them.
    Many years has passed,Ma Li is still sticking t her wrk. Every day she gets up early and (5) wrks hard. She sees at least 10 patients,smetimes even 30 r 40. It may be many (6) hurs' walk t a patient's hme. It's dangerus t walk n thse muntain rads. It is nt easy fr a wman. Peple ften ask (7) if she is afraid. Ma Li says she is a daughter f the muntains,she has been used t life here. And she says the number f village dctrs like her is abut 1.3 millin in China.
    Since a targeted pverty relief prject(精准扶贫)was intrduced t the village,(8) gvernments have made effrts t develp the village and the results are(9) great . There are lts f changes﹣a new health statin is being built in the village,a bridge acrss the river is standing ver the river...
    As a daughter f the muntains,Ma Li is happy(10) t see these changes,She will cntinue t be a village dctr in the muntains. She is a beautiful flwer deeply gwn in the muntains.
    文章主旨:本文介绍了大山的女儿马丽在贫困山区志愿做医生的优秀事迹。
    答案详解: (1)考查副词。句意:只要村民生病,她就随时待命。用副词always修饰短语be n call。所以填always。
    (2)考查序数词。句意:马丽第一次到村子的时候,完全惊呆了。fr the first time第一次。所以填first。
    (3)考查介词。句意:作为一名医生,得知妇女在生孩子时往往得不到及时的医疗救治,她感到非常难过。介词后接动名词,withut没有。所以填withut。
    (4)考查形容词。句意:只是因为附近没有医院。n没有。所以填n。
    (5)考查动词。句意:她每天早起,努力工作。wrk hard努力工作,根据前面的gets可知这里用wrks。所以填wrks。
    (6)考查名词所有格。句意:到病人家可能要走好几个小时。many后接可数名词复数hurs,这里用其所有格形式修饰名词walk。所以填hurs'。
    (7)考查连词。句意:人们经常问她是否害怕。if是否。所以填if。
    (8)考查名词。句意:自精准扶贫项目落户该村以来,政府大力发展该村,成效显着。gvernment政府,根据后面的have可知用复数形式。所以填gvernments。
    (9)考查形容词。句意:自精准扶贫项目落户该村以来,政府大力发展该村,成效显着。are后接形容词great作表语。所以填great。
    (10)考查不定式。句意:作为大山的女儿,马丽很高兴看到这些变化,她将继续在大山里做村医。see看到,be happy t d很高兴做某事。所以填t see。
    20.(2022•河南)
    Hand washing with sap can reduce (减少) illnesses. One f the easiest(1) ways t stp the spread f illness is t wash yur hands. But many children haven't(2) develped the right habit f hand washing. Children d nt wash (3) their hands ften enugh r lng enugh. It's such a simple habit,but the children aren't ding it.
    Issar and his friend decided t(4) slve the prblem using a fun methd. They tried many times and created a tl called Sapen. It turned hand washing (5) int a fun activity.
    As the name suggests,Sapen is a pen(6) which is made ut f sap. The children draw n hands with the Sapen and then wash the drawing ff. The clrs will remain n the children's hands(7) if they dn't spend enugh time washing them ff. It is very (8) helpful fr a teacher in a classrm. After all,nt all the teachers have the time t make each(9) child wash his hands prperly.
    "Children wash hands much (10) lnger than befre nw because they like drawing n hands. Sapen des help children make a gd habit f hand washing," said Issar.
    文章主旨:文章介绍了Issar帮助把洗手变成一种乐趣的故事。
    答案详解: (1)考查名词。句意:阻止疾病传播的最简单方法之一就是洗手。方法用way,ne f...之一,要用名词复数,所以填:ways。
    (2)考查动词。句意:但许多孩子还没有养成正确的洗手习惯。养成用develp,前面有have,后面用过去分词构成现在完成时,所以填:develped。
    (3)考查代词。句意:孩子们洗手的频率不够或时间不够长。主语是Children孩子们,可知是洗他们的手,名词前要用形容词性物主代词,所以填:their。
    (4)考查动词。句意:Issar 和他的朋友决定用一种有趣的方法来解决这个问题。解决用slve,decide t d sth决定做某事,所以填:slve。
    (5)考查介词。句意:它把洗手变成了一项有趣的活动。turn int变成,所以填:int。
    (6)考查关系代词词。句意:顾名思义,Sapen是一支用肥皂制成的钢笔。定语从句,先行词 pen是物,关系代词用which,所以填:which。
    (7)考查连词。句意:如果孩子们没有花足够的时间洗掉这些颜色,他们的手上就不会褪色。if如果,引导的条件状语从句,所以填:if。
    (8)考查形容词。句意:这对课堂上的老师很有帮助。有帮助的用helpful,形容词作表语,所以填:helpful。
    (9)考查名词。句意:毕竟,并不是所有的老师都有时间让每个孩子正确洗手。each后面要用单数名词,所以填:child。
    (10)考查形容词。句意:孩子们洗手的时间比以前长得多,因为他们喜欢在手上画画。长的用lng,than和...比,后面要用比较级,所以填:lnger。
    friend that he wn thrugh walk accept als happy sell
    surprise a help hand with final gd but nte ask
    they be under much cme find animal difference utside and
    hw study when shw machine a what need use with living in
    find gd drp rpe happy fish what it sky lk
    gd realize althugh they use interest hide face quick in
    first,require,amng,care,be,different,bth,habit,hw,finally
    clear cmplete excite fllw health interview luck shine silence ten tuch well
    easier after millins writer wh interested
    brn where cllege spent als reprter
    prud up cver in easily they serve high remember hw
    fast build in I ther minute held r fall because else thugh
    fill,thrugh,pssible,turned,much,drum,hear,three,these,thers
    invent warm be teach bth encurage and int silk that
    he if g hle enugh anther strng in repair advice
    badly,because,family,friends,health,leave,perfectly,pr,stay with
    easy mistake nly befre suggestin travel cver painful thugh stne changed nthing
    vice utside much everyne danger lsing fun give number difficult
    gd it factry surprise set encurage hard but fr success
    gvernment first withut great hur n always see wrk if
    child help if way which slve int lng develp they

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