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2024届青海省海南州部分学校高三下学期仿真考试（一模）英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份2024届青海省海南州部分学校高三下学期仿真考试（一模）英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024届青海省海南州部分学校高三下学期仿真考试一模英语试题原卷版docx、2024届青海省海南州部分学校高三下学期仿真考试一模英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共34页， 欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共150分 考试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the wman ding?
A. Buying skin care prducts. B. Making a cmplaint. C. Having an interview.
2. Why is the man lking tired?
A. He is busy with his hbby.
B. He has been wrking vertime.
C. He tries t advance his educatin.
3. What is Victria like?
A. Cnfident. B. Talkative. C. Quiet.
4. What’s the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Repairman and client.
B. Salespersn and cnsumer.
C. Laundry wrker and custmer.
5. What des the wman invite the man t d?
A. Attend a cncert. B. Play chess. C. Have a trip.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is prbably the wman?
A. A plicewman. B. A nurse. C. A driver.
7. What happened t the man?
A. He was laid ff. B. He ran a stp light. C. He had an accident.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. At what time des the wman’s flight leave fr Tky?
A. 6 am. B. 10 am. C. 2 pm.
9. Hw much des the rund-trip ticket cst?
A. $ 600. B. $ 700. C. $ 800.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What des Mr Brwn say abut getting enugh Vitamin C?
A. Supplements are essential.
B. Gd health needs extra Vitamin C.
C.A balanced diet is usually sufficient.
11. What benefit f Vitamin C is mentined?
A. It helps in lsing weight.
B. It imprves skin health.
C. It supprts the immune system.
12. What ptential issue is discussed with taking t much Vitamin C?
A. It can cause stmach upset. B. It can lead t sleep prblems. C. It increases the risk f heart disease.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the student’s research abut?
A. Climate change. B. Wildlife cnservatin. C. Plastic pllutin in ceans.
14. Where des the teacher suggest finding research materials?
A. Field surveys. B. Scientific jurnals. C. Scial media.
15. What advice n presentatin des the teacher give?
A. Quting research papers. B. Using prper bdy language. C. Making use f visuals.
16. What is the first step twards develping the prject?
A. Presenting the findings. B. Intrducing the tpic. C. Finding ut slutins.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw many peple were injured in the strm Ha mn?
A. Tw. B. Seven. C. Ten.
18. When did Ha mn land in the cstal districts n Wednesday?
A. In the mrning. B. In the afternn. C. In the evening.
19. Which cyclne happened the earliest?
A. Hamn. B. Mcha. C. Sidr.
20. What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. Cnsequences f extreme weather.
B. Frecast f an upcming strm.
C. Intrductin t a castal cuntry.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are sme musicals n Bradway.
Back t the Future
When Marty McFly finds himself transprted back t 1955 in a time machine built by the eccentric scientist Dc Brwn, he accidentally changes the curse f histry. Nw he’s in a race against time t fix the present, escape the past and send himself back t the future. It’s recmmended fr ages 6 and up.
Hw t Dance in Ohi
At a grup cunseling center in Clumbus, Ohi, seven autistic(患孤独症的) yung adults prepare fr a spring frmal dance—a rite f passage that breaks pen their rutines and sets ff heartbreaking encunters with lve, stress, excitement, and independence. It is a stry abut peple standing at the turning pint f the next phase f their lives, facing their hpes and fears, ready t make a very big first mve and dance. It’s based n the award-winning dcumentary.
Mther Play
Outside f D.C., Phyllis is supervising her teenage children, Carl and Martha, as they mve int a new apartment. Phyllis has strng ideas abut what her children need t d and hw t succeed, and trubles the child faces when finding their wn path. Cmbining flares f imaginative theatricality, surreal farce, and deep tenderness, this beautiful rllercaster ride reveals timeless truths f lve, family, and frgiveness.
I Need That
Sam desn’t get ut at all, pting instead fr the safety f his huse in the cmpany f his many things. But when a ntice frm the gvernment arrives alerting Sam that he must cleanup hi prperty r face evictin(驱逐), he’s frced t deal with what’s trash, what’s treasure, and whether we can ever knw the difference between the tw.
1. What can be learned abut Back t the Future?
A. It is kid-friendly.B. It is based n the histry.
C. It explres the value f time.D. It encurages peple t cnnect mre.
2. What des Mther Play fcus n?
A. Parenting.B. Family relatinships.
C. Mther’s trubles.D. Fictin and reality.
3. Which musical is adapted frm true stries?
A. Back t the Future.B. Hw t Dance in Ohi.
C. Mther Play.D. I Need That.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几部百老汇的音乐剧。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Back t the Future部分中的“It’s recmmended fr ages 6 and up. (建议6岁及以上儿童观看。)”可知，Back t the Future适合孩子观看，所以对孩子很友好。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mther Play部分中的“Phyllis has strng ideas abut what her children need t d and hw t succeed, and trubles the child faces when finding their wn path. Cmbining flares f imaginative theatricality, surreal farce, and deep tenderness, this beautiful rllercaster ride reveals timeless truths f lve, family, and frgiveness. (Phyllis对她的孩子需要做什么以及如何成功有着强烈的想法，并在孩子找到自己的道路时遇到了麻烦。这场美丽的过山车之旅结合了想象力的戏剧性、超现实的闹剧和深深的温柔，揭示了爱、家庭和宽恕的永恒真理。)”可知，Mther Play关注的是育儿。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hw t Dance in Ohi部分中的“It’s based n the award-winning dcumentary. (它是根据获奖纪录片改编的。)”可知，Hw t Dance in Ohi根据真实故事改编。故选B。
B
I grew up in Flrida, surrunded by my extended family, but we can trace ur ancestry back t Texas when it still belnged t Mexic. Our language, custms and even the names my ancestrs called themselves have since largely been lst t frced assimilatin (同化). Yet ur ral traditins, expressed thrugh strytelling, petry and jkes, persist.
My grandmther and mther taught me, a lvely girl, that the natural wrld arund us has stries t tell if yu listen clsely. After all, language is nt unique t humans. One f my earliest memries is sitting n my grandmther’s cracked cncrete prch watching ne f the many dves she had nursed back t health land in her raised hand after she called ut t it. When dark strm cluds gathered ver the half-finished rf, my mther wuld take a steak knife frm the kitchen t the utside f the huse, pinting it t the sky t cut the rain away. My friends thught it was magical hw nature seemed t bend t my mther’s will.
It makes sense that I became an authr. My life is built arund stries. When I lived in New Yrk and Ls Angeles, I’d have t hike very far t find a piece f nature t be in—the rare tree in dwntwn Ls Angeles, r the ginkges near Inwd Hill Park in New Yrk City. Nw in East Tennessee, I walk a few steps past my prch, int my garden—tw small pieces f land that brders my tw-stry white and greenish-blue farmhuse. When I first mved here, nn-native Eurpean grass blanketed the thirsty clay, red as dried bld. I dug up eight garden beds in the middle f that grass, filling them with plants native t my regin: cne flwers and armatic aster, bee balm and Virginia blue bells. I tried grwing squash peppers, yellw watermeln and white eggplant but the plants languished. My land seems t want nthing but flwers. S I am trying my hand at planting zinnias, csms and dahlias instead.
If I am creatively blcked, I walk bareft n the earth, n matter what the seasn, allwing stries t feed the rts f my entire bdy. If I have a plt hle I need t fix, I visit my lemn and lime basil, keeping my fingers with their sweet scents (气味).
4. What plays a rle in keeping traditins alive in the authr’s view?
A. A clse family relatinship.B. The practice f strytelling.
C. The values f sciety members.D. An atmsphere f grwth.
5. What des the third paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. Hw the authr became a gardening expert.
B. Hw the authr fed himself with stries.
C. Hw the authr cnnected with nature.
D. Hw the authr was inspired by stries.
6. Which can best replace the underlined wrd “languished” in paragraph 3?
A. Std ut.B. Survived.C. Develped.D. Faded away.
7. What can be inferred abut the authr frm the text?
A. She’s a very respnsible persn.
B. She’s a nature-lving writer.
C. She’s a passinate traveller.
D. She’s a prfessinal gardener.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者从小受到身边发生的故事的滋养，成为了一名作家。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Yet ur ral traditins, expressed thrugh strytelling, petry and jkes, persist. (然而，我们通过讲故事、诗歌和笑话表达的口头传统依然存在)”可知，在作者看来，讲故事在保持传统活力方面发挥了作用。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“It makes sense that I became an authr. My life is built arund stries. (我成为一名作家是有道理的。我的生活是围绕着故事展开的)”以及下文陈述作者在纽约和田纳西州的生活经历可知，本段主要讲的是作者是如何用故事滋养自己的。故选B。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“My land seems t want nthing but flwers. S I am trying my hand at planting zinnias, csms and dahlias instead. (我的土地似乎只需要鲜花。所以我试着种植百日草、波斯菊和大丽花)”可知，作者种的南瓜辣椒、黄色西瓜等植物都枯萎了，所以他认为他的花园只需要花。A. Std ut. 脱颖而出；B. Survived.幸存；C. Develped.发展；D. Faded away.消失。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“If I am creatively blcked, I walk bareft n the earth, n matter what the seasn, allwing stries t feed the rts f my entire bdy. If I have a plt hle I need t fix, I visit my lemn and lime basil, keeping my fingers with their sweet scents(气味). (如果我被创造性地阻止了，无论什么季节，我都会赤脚在地球上行走，让故事滋养我全身的根。如果我有一个情节漏洞需要修复，我会去看我的柠檬和酸橙罗勒，让我的手指保持它们的甜味)”可知，作者是一个热爱自然的作家。故选B。
C
Heart in yur thrat. Butterflies in yur stmach. Bad curage feeling. These are all phrases many peple use t describe fear and anxiety.
Yu have likely felt anxiety inside yur chest r stmach, and yur brain usually desn’t hurt when yu’re scared. Many cultures tie weakness and bravery mre t the heart r the guts than t the brain. But science has traditinally seen the brain as the birthplace and prcessing site f fear and anxiety. Then why and hw d yu feel these emtins in ther parts f yur bdy? Research cnfirms that while emtins d begin riginally in yur brain, it’s yur bdy that carries ut the rders. While yur brain gradually changed and develped t save yu frm a falling rck r speeding man-eating animals, the anxieties f mdern life are ften a lt mre abstract. Fifty-thusand years ag, being rejected by yur tribe culd mean death, but nt ding a great jb n a public speech at schl r at wrk desn’t have the same cnsequences. Yur brain, hwever, might nt knw the difference.
There are a few key areas f the brain that are heavily invlved in prcessing fear. Amygdala (杏仁体) is a small area f the brain lcated near yur ears which detects bvius features, r the emtinal cnnectin f a situatin and hw t react t it. Threat search is a vital part f this prcess, and it has t be fast.
The hippcampus (海马体) is near and tightly cnnected t the amygdala. It’s invlved in memrizing what is safe and what is dangerus, especially in relatin t the envirnment — it puts fear in cnditins.
The prefrntal crtex (前额叶皮质), lcated abve yur eyes, is mstly invlved in the realizatin and scial aspects f fear prcessing. Fr example, yu might be scared f a snake until yu read a sign that the snake is nt pisnus r the wner tells yu it’s his friendly pet.
As is described by a singer in his sng “Lse Yurself”, the reasn his hands sweated, his knees gt weak and his arms became heavy was that his brain was nervus.
8. What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A. Emtins can lead t reactins in the bdy.
B. The brain keeps up with the pace f mdern life.
C. Fear and anxiety d much damage t the brain.
D. Nwadays peple have mre anxieties than befre.
9. Which f the fllwing relates t the hippcampus?
A. Receiving utside infrmatin.
B. String memries.
C. Identifying different features.
D. Adjusting emtins.
10. Why is the sng mentined in the last paragraph?
A. T shw the singer’s lve fr music.
B. T present a cmmn phenmenn.
C. T illustrate the singer’s physical cnditin.
D. T explain physical discmfrt riginates frm brain.
11. What is the best title fr the text?
A. The respnse t fear and anxiety
B. A study abut sense f fear
C. What negative emtins affect yur bdy
D. What is the rt f fear and anxiety
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。恐惧并不完全与想法有关，恐惧还会对我们的身体产生影响。研究证明，尽管情绪确实产生于大脑，但是执行指令的却是你的身体。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Research cnfirms that while emtins d begin riginally in yur brain, it’s yur bdy that carries ut the rders. (研究证实，虽然情绪最初是从你的大脑开始的，但执行命令的是你的身体。)”可知，情绪会引起身体的反应。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段内容“The hippcampus(海马体) is near and tightly cnnected t the amygdala. It’s invlved in memrizing what is safe and what is dangerus, especially in relatin t the envirnment--it puts fear in cnditins. (海马体靠近杏仁核并与杏仁核紧密相连。它涉及记住什么是安全的，什么是危险的，尤其是与环境有关——它把恐惧置于情境当中。)”可知，海马体与记忆存储有关。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“As is described by a singer in his sng “Lse Yurself”, the reasn his hands sweated, his knees gt weak and his arms became heavy was that his brain was nervus. (正如一位歌手在他的歌曲《迷失自我》中所描述的那样，他的手出汗、膝盖无力、手臂沉重的原因是他的大脑紧张。)”可知，作者在最后一段提到这首歌是为了解释身体不适源于大脑。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“But science has traditinally seen the brain as the birthplace and prcessing site f fear and anxiety. Then why and hw d yu feel these emtins in ther parts f yur bdy? Research cnfirms that while emtins d begin riginally in yur brain, it’s yur bdy that carries ut the rders. (但传统上，科学认为大脑是恐惧和焦虑的发源地和处理场所。那么，你为什么以及如何在身体的其他部位感受到这些情绪呢？研究证实，虽然情绪最初是从你的大脑开始的，但执行命令的是你的身体。)”可知，本文主要讲了恐惧对我们的身体产生影响，即我们的身体对恐惧的反应。故选A。
D
Ask any business leader what big challenges they face and it’s likely that skills and labr shrtages will be high n their list. They’re cncerned abut hw t develp the skills they need fr the jbs f tmrrw. Accrding t the Wrld Ecnmic Frum’s latest Future f Jbs Reprt 2023, rganizatins acrss all industries identify skills gaps and an inability t attract talent as the key barriers preventing industry transfrmatin.
There’s a ptential slutin t all f this: a “skills-first” apprach. The new reprt, Putting Skills First: A Framewrk fr Actin, launched during the Wrld Ecnmic Frum’s Grwth Summit, finds that switching t a skills-first mindset can directly benefit ver 100 millin peple glbally wh’re currently under-utilizing their existing skills, because they’re under-emplyed in their current jb r because they’re unemplyed. The analysis, which cvers 18 ecnmies, finds wrkfrce under-utilizatin ranges frm 4% f the wrking ppulatin in Thailand, t 7% in the US, 13% in France, 27% in Brazil and 43% in Suth Africa.
A skills-first apprach fcuses n a persn’s skills and cmpetencies rather than n their qualificatins r jb histry, s that what smene can d becmes far mre imprtant than which university they went t. Crucially, this fcus n skills cntinues lng after the wrker has been hired, with an emphasis n cntinually develping their abilities right thrugh their career.
Making skills a pririty is fairly advantageus. Fr businesses, taking a skills-first apprach dramatically increases the ptential pl f talent frm which they can draw n. Fr individuals, it prvides access t gd jbs that ffer skills building, career prgressin and higher earning ptential which they’d therwise have been excluded frm withut the right qualificatins.
Delivering such grund-breaking change requires mre than simply the invlvement f HR teams. It’ll require the cmmitment f CEOs and plicy-makers at the highest level t drive it thrugh. S far a cmpany in UK has intrduced a range f degree apprenticeship (学徒制) prgrams which enable applicants withut a degree t gain ne while wrking at the firm. The rganizatin is als develping new career paths t ensure it has the right skills t meet the changing needs f the ecnmy.
12. What plays a key rle in industry transfrmatin?
A. Wrking envirnment.B. Emplyees’ jb histry.
C. Emplyees’ cmpetence.D. Business leaders’ management.
13. What d we knw abut the new reprt accrding t paragraph 2?
A. It was launched by 18 ecnmies.
B. It fcuses n a skills-first mindset.
C. It shws the decline f glbal ecnmy.
D. It pints ut emplyment trends.
14. What des the last paragraph cnvey abut the skills-first apprach?
A. Further research needs t be dne.
B. It depends n glbal cperatin.
C. Sme measures are already underway.
D. It is well accepted arund the wrld.
15. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A skills-first apprach.
B. A mre inclusive sciety.
C. Develping new career paths.
D. Creating a framewrk fr jb markets.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面对全球技能短缺和劳动力不足的问题，“技能优先”策略提出解决方案。该方法强调个人技能与能力而非学历背景，有助于减少人才浪费，拓宽企业选才范围，并为个人提供更多职业发展机会。实施这一变革需要高层领导与政策制定者的承诺，英国一公司已推出学徒制学位项目及创新职业路径作为实践案例。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Accrding t the Wrld Ecnmic Frum’s latest Future f JbsReprt 2023, rganizatins acrss all industries identify skills gaps and an inability t attract talent as the key barriers preventing industry transfrmatin.(根据世界经济论坛最新发布的《2023年未来就业报告》，所有行业的组织都认为技能差距和无法吸引人才是阻碍行业转型的关键障碍)”可知，员工能力在行业转型中起着关键作用。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The new reprt, Putting Skills First: A Framewrk fr Actin, launched during the Wrld Ecnmic Frum’s Grwth Summit, finds that switching t a skills-first mindset can directly benefit ver 100 millin peple glbally wh’re currently under-utilizing their existing skills, because they’re under-emplyed in their current jb r because they’re unemplyed.(世界经济论坛增长峰会期间发布的新报告《将技能放在首位：行动框架》发现，转变为技能优先的心态可以直接惠及全球1亿多人，因为他们在当前工作中就业不足或失业，目前没有充分利用现有技能)”可知，这份新报告关注的是技能至上的心态。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“S far a cmpany in UK has intrduced a range f degree apprenticeship prgrams which enable applicants withut a degree t gain ne while wrking at the firm. The rganizatin is als develping new career paths t ensure it has the right skills t meet the changing needs f the ecnmy.(到目前为止，英国一家公司推出了一系列学位学徒计划，使没有学位的申请人能够在公司工作时获得学位。该组织还正在开发新的职业道路，以确保其拥有正确的技能来满足不断变化的经济需求)”可知，一些关于技能优先方法的措施已经在进行中。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第一段“Ask any business leader what big challenges they face and it’s likely that skills and labr shrtages will be high n their list. They’re cncerned abut hw t develp the skills they need fr the jbs f tmrrw. Accrding t the Wrld Ecnmic Frum’s latest Future f Jbs Reprt 2023, rganizatins acrss all industries identify skills gaps and an inability t attract talent as the key barriers preventing industry transfrmatin.(问问任何一位商业领袖，他们面临着什么样的巨大挑战，技能和劳动力短缺很可能会成为他们的首要任务。他们关心的是如何培养未来工作所需的技能。根据世界经济论坛最新发布的《2023年未来就业报告》，所有行业的组织都认为技能差距和无法吸引人才是阻碍行业转型的关键障碍)”及第二段“There’s a ptential slutin t all f this: a “skills-first” apprach.(针对所有这些问题，有一个潜在的解决方案，那就是“技能优先”策略)”可知，文章主要介绍了面对全球技能短缺难题，“技能优先”策略提出解决方案。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We asked dental prfessinals t answer five basic questins abut hw t care fr ur teeth and keep them healthy. Here’s what they had t say.
Hw ften shuld I really brush my teeth?
____16____Brushing helps remve plaque, which is the accumulatin f bifilms cntaining micrrganisms stuck t yur teeth. By brushing each tth slightly with yur brush at a 45-degree angle, yu’ll be able t remve plaque particles.
____17____
Brush yur teeth first in the mrning, befre eating breakfast. It breaks up the bifilm and gets it ready t re mineralize(使再矿化) yur teeth. Immediately after meals, yu can rinse r drink water t remve acids and sugars frm the muth.
D I really need t flss(剔牙)?
Yu may nt want t hear it, but the answer is yes.____18____Flssing gets t all the areas where tthbrushes dn’t. Yu can’t d ne r the ther. Flss befre brushing t pen up areas yu may nt be able t clean with just the tthbrush, like in between yur teeth.
Hw d I whiten my teeth?
There are all kinds f prducts and methds t help whiten yur teeth. But dental prfessinals say yu shuld be cautius.____19____Instead, the ideal way t whiten yur teeth is t ask yur dentist fr prfessinal advice.
D I really have t g t the dentist?
While practive care at hme can help keep yur teeth healthy yes—yu still have t see a dentist. There are a lt f factrs t deal within yur dental health—but yu dn’t have t d it alne.____20____
A. Yu shuld flss at least nce a day.
B. That’s what yur dental appintments are fr.
C. D I need t brush my teeth immediately after meals?
D. Is there an ideal time f day when I shuld brush my teeth?
E. Dn’t use hme slutins like brushing teeth with lemn juice.
F. Yu shuld brush yur teeth twice a day fr tw minutes at a time.
G. They can make yur teeth sensitive and ptentially wear yur teeth dwn.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了牙科专业人回答的如何护理牙齿并保持牙齿健康的五个基本问题。
【16题详解】
根据本段小标题“Hw ften shuld I really brush my teeth? (我真正应该多久刷一次牙？)”可知，本段主要回答要多久刷一次牙。F项“Yu shuld brush yur teeth twice a day fr tw minutes at a time. (你应该每天刷牙两次，每次两分钟。)”回答上文的问题，符合语境，故选F项。
【17题详解】
空格处为本段的小标题。根据下文“Brush yur teeth first in the mrning, befre eating breakfast. It breaks up the bifilm and gets it ready t re mineralize(使再矿化) yur teeth. Immediately after meals, yu can rinse r drink water t remve acids and sugars frm the muth. (早上吃早饭前先刷牙。它会破坏生物膜，使其做好重新矿化牙齿的准备。饭后，你可以立即漱口或喝水，以去除口腔中的酸和糖。)”可知，本段主要回答什么时候刷牙这一问题。D项“D I need t brush my teeth immediately after meals? (一天中有没有一个理想的时间我应该刷牙？)”切题，故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据本段小标题“D I really need t flss(剔牙)? (我真的需要剔牙吗？)”可知，本段主要回答是否需要剔牙。A项“Yu shuld flss at least nce a day. (你应该每天至少剔牙一次。)”符合本段主旨，故选A项。
19题详解】
根据下文“Instead, the ideal way t whiten yur teeth is t ask yur dentist fr prfessinal advice. (相反，美白牙齿的理想方法是向牙医寻求专业建议。)”可知，下文讲了应该怎么做。根据Instead可知，空格处应说明不要怎么做。E项“Dn’t use hme slutins like brushing teeth with lemn juice. (不要使用像用柠檬汁刷牙这样的家庭解决方案。)”切题，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题“D I really have t g t the dentist? (剔牙)? (我真的要去看牙医吗？)”可知，本段主要回答是否需要看牙医。根据上文“There are a lt f factrs t deal within yur dental health—but yu dn’t have t d it alne. (在你的牙齿健康中有很多因素需要处理，但你不必独自一人去去做。)”可知，下文应说明需要去看牙医。B项“That’s what yur dental appintments are fr. (这就是你牙科预约的目的。)”切题，故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“But I want that blue car!”
The blue car didn’t make it thrugh ur checkut line. The tears____21____up and streamed dwn this fur-year-ld face. I was verwhelmed with____22____by the nisy scene we created. I wanted mre than anything t____23____this screaming child and charge ut f there, child under my arm, marching him straight ut f the____24____and int the car. But I culdn’t d that.
A car accident in my teens left me paralysed (瘫痪) frm the chest dwn. Frm sixteen n I was____25____t create a life with my wheelchair. I relied heavily n my stubbrnness and will t d things ____26____I even accmplished mre than I wuld have dne in my lng-lst ____27____wrld.
It wasn’t until having children that my abandn t independence was frced t____28____reasnable and cautius behavir. It was n lnger just me that had t wn up t the ____29____f my actins. S like any gd Darwinian, I have frced myself t_____30_____.
Kneeling dwn, I tried my hardest t_____31_____that we were buying grceries and nt race cars, but _____32_____.Whether yu are Mther Teresa r Judge Judy, smetimes yu will nt_____33_____a fur-year-ld ver. The kicking and screaming _____34_____with the grwing line f shppers behind.
Becming a_____35_____, wh uses a wheelchair cmes with its bumps and bruises(磕磕碰碰) ._____36_____, I’ve learned hw t navigate with lve and adaptatin and be a great_____37_____ t my children.
S, I tried again with a smile. I tuched my nw _____38_____child’s frehead, frm all f the rage and exhaustin f the mment. His wet eyes lked at me like I was the_____39_____persn n the planet. But his utburst stpped. And, I_____40_____t get him ut the stre drs and int his car seat.
21. A. brkeB. welledC. wentD. jined
22. A. embarrassmentB. disappintmentC. frightD. amusement
23. A. hand verB. hld n tC. pick upD. thrw away
24 A. nurseryB. fficeC. streD. hspital
25. A. permittedB. recmmendedC. expectedD. frced
26. A. repeatedlyB. casuallyC. cautiuslyD. independently
27. A. panic-strickenB. able-bdiedC. carefreeD. misshaped
28. A. refer tB. cnflict withC. keep away frmD. make rm fr
29. A. cnsequencesB. availabilitiesC. cursesD. intentins
30. A. apprachB. aplgizeC. adaptD. fllw
31. A. reflectB. explainC. admitD. cntradict
32. A. in detailB. n demandC. n agreementD. in vain
33. A. winB. takeC. watchD. get
34. A. wrkedB. cntinuedC. fadedD. returned
35. A. mmB. babysitterC. shpperD. victim
36. A. MeanwhileB. MreverC. HweverD. Otherwise
37. A. experienceB. exampleC. partnerD. leader
38. A. aggressiveB. lvelyC. sweatyD. cheerful
39. A. mst desperateB. mst caringC. greatestD. wrst
40. A. prmisedB. struggledC. preparedD. managed
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位被迫坐轮椅的母亲带着四岁的儿子去商店买食品杂货，但儿子为了要买蓝色的玩具车大哭大闹。作者用爱心调整自己的行为，最终将儿子带出商店的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：泪水夺眶而出，顺着这张四岁大的脸流了下来。A. brke (up) 打碎；解体；B. welled (up) 涌出；溢出；C. went (up) 上涨；上升；D. jined (up) 联合；结盟。根据句中tears以及空后streamed dwn this fur-year-ld face可知，此处指孩子泪水夺眶而出。welled up意为“涌出；流出”。 故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们制造的嘈杂场面让我尴尬不已。A. embarrassment尴尬；难堪；B. disappintment失望；C. fright恐惧；惊吓；D. amusement娱乐。根据下文“I wanted mre than anything t____3____this screaming child and charge ut f there, child under my arm, marching him straight ut f the____4____and int the car.”以及常识可知，孩子哭闹着在商店要买玩具，作为妈妈，肯定为因嘈杂场面感到尴尬。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只想抱起这个尖叫的孩子，抱着孩子冲出去，把他直接带出商店，带进车里。A. hand ver移交；转交；B. hld n t保住；坚持；C. pick up拿起；学会；D. thrw away扔掉。根据下文“charge ut f there, child under my arm, marching him straight ut f the____4____and int the car”可知，此处指作者很想抱起尖叫的孩子。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. nursery婴儿室；B. ffice办公室；C. stre商店；D. hspital医院。根据下文“get him ut the stre drs”可知，这个故事发生在商店，所以作者想把儿子直接带出商店。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从十六岁起，我被迫用轮椅创造生活。A. permitted允许；B. recmmended建议；C. expected期待；D. frced强迫。根据上文“A car accident in my teens left me paralysed (瘫痪) frm the chest dwn.”可知，作者十几岁时的一场车祸使她胸部以下瘫痪。所以，她被迫用轮椅创造生活。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在很大程度上依赖于我的固执和独立做事的意志。A. repeatedly反复；再三；B. casually漫不经心地；C. cautiusly谨慎地；D. independently独立地。根据下文“_I even accmplished mre than I wuld have dne in my lng-lst ____7____wrld.”以及下一段中的“It wasn’t until having children that my abandn t independence was frced t____8____reasnable and cautius behavir.”可知，作者靠她的固执和独立做事的意志来生活。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甚至完成了比我在久违的健全世界里所能完成的更多的事情。A. panic-stricken惊慌失措的；B. able-bdied健全的；C. carefree无忧无虑的；D. misshaped变形的。根据语境以及句中even可知，作者完成了比她健全时完成的事情更多。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：直到有了孩子，我才被迫放弃独立，为合理和谨慎的行为腾出空间。A. refer t涉及；参考；B. cnflict with与……冲突；C. keep away frm远离；D. make rm fr为……腾出空间。根据句中abandn t independence可知，作者被迫放弃独立，而采用合理和谨慎的行为。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不再只有我一个人必须承担自己行为的后果。A. cnsequences后果；B. availabilities可用性；C. curses课程；D. intentins意图。根据下文“S like any gd Darwinian, I have frced myself t____10____.”可知，作者强迫自己做出适应，因为当了妈妈后，不再只有她一个人承担自己行为的后果。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，就像任何优秀的达尔文主义者一样，我强迫自己适应。A. apprach靠近；B. aplgize道歉；C. adapt调整；适应；D. fllw跟踪。根据下文“I’ve learned hw t navigate with lve and adaptatin”可知，作者强迫自己做出适应。adapt与adaptatin呼应。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跪下来，尽力解释我们买的是食品杂货，而不是赛车，但徒劳无功。A. reflect反映；反思；B. explain解释；C. admit承认；D. cntradict矛盾。根据下文“that we were buying grceries and nt race cars”可知，作者在给儿子解释他们买的是食品杂货而不是玩具车。故选B。
32题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. in detail详细地；B. n demand一经要求；C. n agreement达成协议；D. in vain徒劳。根据下文“The kicking and screaming ____14____with the grwing line f shppers behind.”可知，作者的解释并没有说服儿子，他仍然大吵大闹。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：无论你是特蕾莎修女还是朱迪法官，有时你都说服不了一个四岁的孩子。A. win (ver)说服；B. take (ver)接管；C. watch (ver)留意；D. get (ver)战胜；克服。根据下文“The kicking and screaming ____14____with the grwing line f shppers behind.”可知，作者的解释并没有说服儿子。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着后面越来越多的购物者，踢打和尖叫声仍在继续。A. wrked工作；生效；B. cntinued继续；C. faded消逝；D. returned返回。根据下文“S, I tried again with a smile.”可知，孩子的踢打和尖叫声仍在继续。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：成为一名母亲，坐轮椅会有磕磕碰碰。A. mm妈妈；B. babysitter保姆；C. shpper顾客；D. victim受害者。通读全文可知，作者是一名母亲的角色。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我已经学会了如何用爱和适应来导航，并成为我孩子的好榜样。A. Meanwhile同时；B. Mrever此外；C. Hwever然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“cmes with its bumps and bruises(磕磕碰碰)”可知，尽管坐在轮椅上有磕磕碰碰，但是她学会了如何用爱和适应来导航，此处是转折关系。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. experience经历；B. example榜样；C. partner伙伴；D. leader领导者。根据上文“with lve and adaptatin”可知，作者努力成为孩子的好榜样。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我抚摸着孩子现在满是汗水的额头，因为当时我充满了愤怒和疲惫。A. aggressive好争斗的；B. lvely可爱的；C. sweaty满是汗的；D. cheerful高兴的。根据上文“kicking and screaming”可知，孩子一直尖叫踢打，所以此时他的额头满是汗水。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他湿润的眼睛看着我，好像我是这个星球上最绝望的人。A. mst desperate最绝望的；B. mst caring最有爱心的；C. greatest最伟大的；D. wrst最糟糕的。根据上文“frm all f the rage and exhaustin f the mment”可知，这位母亲因为孩子买玩具车一事在商店跟儿子僵持许久，所以，孩子看着她，好像她是最绝望的人。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我设法把他从商店门口救了出来，坐到了他的汽车座椅上。A. prmised承诺；B. struggled斗争；C. prepared准备；D. managed设法做成。根据下文“get him ut the stre drs and int his car seat”可知，作者最终成功地把儿子从商店门口救了出来，坐到了他的汽车座椅上。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s tw elite science and technlgy institutes n Wednesday annunced their results fr the new academicians, ffering 133 tp scientists and schlars natinwide the____41____(high) academic title in the cuntry. The Chinese Academy f Sciences (CAS) has selected 59 new academicians ____42____the Chinese Academy f Engineering (CAE) has selected 74.
The new academicians are frm varius fields,____43____(cver) subjects frm space technlgies t gelgy, and frm medical and life sciences t agriculture and petrchemicals. The average age f the 59____44____(new) elected academicians f the CAS is 54.7 years ld,____45____ 90 percent f them belw the age f 60. Five f the 59 academicians are female scientists. Amng the 74 academician newcmers at the CAE, 81 percent are belw the age f 60.
Yan Ning head f the Shenzhen Medical Academy f Research and Translatin and a renwned structural bilgist ____46____wrks at Tsinghua University’s Schl f Life Sciences, was selected as____47____CAS academician. Yan, 45, als____48____(write) as Nieng Yan in prfessinal circles,____49____(be) a scientist n the rise in recent years after she left Tsinghua in 2017 t becme a prfessr at Princetn University in the United States where she received her PhD, and returned last year t Tsinghua. She was the yungest prfessr and PhD _____50_____(advise)at Tsinghua.
【答案】41. highest
42. while 43. cvering
44. newly 45. with
46. wh##that
47. a 48. written
49. has been
50. adviser
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了中国两所顶尖科技机构的新院士评选结果。
【41题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意：周三，中国两所顶尖科技机构宣布了新院士的评选结果，为全国133名顶尖科学家和学者提供了全国最高的学术头衔。根据空前的定冠词the以及句中in the cuntry可知，空格处应填入形容词的最高级形式，表示“全国最高的学术头衔”。故填highest。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：中国科学院选出59名新院士，而中国工程院选出74名。分析句子可知，空格处应填入连词。根据句意，此处表示前后两者的对比，应用连词while。故填while。
【43题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：新院士来自各个领域，涵盖从空间技术到地质学，从医学和生命科学到农业和石化等学科。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。fields与cver是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填cvering。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国科学院 59名新当选院士的平均年龄为54.7岁，其中90%的院士年龄在60岁以下。分析句子可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰elected 。故填newly。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构。故填with。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：深圳医学翻译研究院院长、清华大学生命科学学院著名结构生物学家严宁被选为中国科学院院士。分析句子可知，此处是限定性定语从句。先行词为bilgist ，指任，故用关系代词wh/that引导定语从句。关系代词在从句中作主语，不能省略。故填wh/that。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。根据句意，此处指“一名院士”，故用不定冠词。CAS以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
【48题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：现年45岁的严，在专业圈子里也被称为聂燕，她于2017年离开清华，成为美国普林斯顿大学的教授，并在那里获得了博士学位，去年回到清华，近年来，她一直是一名崛起的科学家。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词 Yan与write是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词，表示被写。故填written。
【49题详解】
考查时态。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语。根据句中时间状语 in recent years可知，此处时态是现在完成时。故填has been。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：她是清华大学最年轻的教授和博士生导师。根据空前的mst significant 可知，空格处应填入名词与 prfessr 并列作表语。PhD adviser意为“博士生导师”。故填adviser。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
During my childhd, my family didn’t have a lt f mney, s we had t be creative when it came t be entertainment. One f ur favrite thing t d n weekends were t g t the park and have a picnic. My mm wuld pack sandwiches, fruit, and ckies, and they wuld bring a frisbee and a sccer ball play with. We wuld spend hurs running arund but having fun. It didn’t matter which we didn’t have expensively tys. We were happy just spending time tgether in the fresh air. Lked back, I knw thse simple picnics are sme f my fnder memries in my childhd.
【答案】1. 删除be 2. thing →things 3. were →was 4. they →she 5. 在play前加t
6. but →and 7. which →that 8. expensively →expensive 9. Lked →Lking 10. fnder →fndest
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在物资匮乏的童年时期，周末一家人最喜欢做的事情之一就是去公园野餐。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：所以我们在娱乐方面必须有创造力。when it came/cmes t是固定用法，意为“当谈到……”，t是介词，其后直接跟名词。故将be删除。
2.考查名词的数。句意：周末我们最喜欢做的事情之一就是去公园野餐。One f应与名词复数连用。故将thing改为things。
3.考查主谓一致。句意：同上。句子主语是One f ur favrite things t d n weekends，表示单数，故谓语动词用单数形式。故将were改为was。
4.考查人称代词。句意：另外，我妈妈会带上三明治、水果和饼干，还会带上飞盘和足球。根据上文My mm可知，此处人称为第三人称单数形式。故将they改为she。
5.考查动词不定式。句意：同上。此处应用动词不定式作定语修饰sccer ball。故在play前加t。
6.考查连词。句意：我们会花几个小时到处跑，玩得很开心。根据句意可知，此处不是转折关系，而是并列关系。故将but改为and。
7.考查主语从句。句意：我们没有昂贵的玩具并不重要。句中it作形式主语，此处应用that引导主语从句。that在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何含义。故将which改为that。
8.考查形容词。句意：同上。修饰后面的名词tys，用形容词，表示“昂贵的”，用形容词expensive。故将expensively改为expensive。
9.考查现在分词。句意：回想起来，我知道那些简单的野餐是我童年最美好的回忆。句子主语I与动词lk是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故将Lked改为Lking。
10.考查形容词的最高级。句意：同上。根据句中in my childhd可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故将fnder改为fndest。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你在策划学校音乐节活动。请写封邮件与你的英国朋友Jenny商讨，内容包括：
1.写信缘由；
2.恳求建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jenny,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jenny,
I hpe this message finds yu well. I am writing t discuss the pssibility f planning a schl music festival tgether. I believe that such an event wuld serve as an excellent platfrm t shwcase ur students’ talent and diverse musical types, thus bringing ur student cmmunity tgether.
I am keen n explring pssible themes, venues as well as activities fr the event. I wuld lve t hear yur thughts n this idea and discuss ptential plans. Perhaps we culd meet t brainstrm sme ideas and create a plan f actin. I’m sure that with ur cmbined effrt we wuld make it a truly memrable event.
Can we arrange a meeting t discuss this further? Lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Yurs truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jenny写封邮件商讨策划学校音乐节活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
展示：shwcase → display
热衷于：keen n→ interested in
共同的：cmbined → jint
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I wuld lve t hear yur thughts n this idea and discuss ptential plans.
拓展句：I wuld lve t hear what yu think f n this idea and discuss ptential plans.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I believe that such an event wuld serve as an excellent platfrm t shwcase ur students’ talent and diverse musical types, thus bringing ur student cmmunity tgether.（运用了现在分词作状语以及that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure that with ur cmbined effrt we wuld make it a truly memrable event.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
本试卷共150分 考试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the wman ding?
A. Buying skin care prducts. B. Making a cmplaint. C. Having an interview.
2. Why is the man lking tired?
A. He is busy with his hbby.
B. He has been wrking vertime.
C. He tries t advance his educatin.
3. What is Victria like?
A. Cnfident. B. Talkative. C. Quiet.
4. What’s the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Repairman and client.
B. Salespersn and cnsumer.
C. Laundry wrker and custmer.
5. What des the wman invite the man t d?
A. Attend a cncert. B. Play chess. C. Have a trip.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is prbably the wman?
A. A plicewman. B. A nurse. C. A driver.
7. What happened t the man?
A. He was laid ff. B. He ran a stp light. C. He had an accident.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. At what time des the wman’s flight leave fr Tky?
A. 6 am. B. 10 am. C. 2 pm.
9. Hw much des the rund-trip ticket cst?
A. $ 600. B. $ 700. C. $ 800.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What des Mr Brwn say abut getting enugh Vitamin C?
A. Supplements are essential.
B. Gd health needs extra Vitamin C.
C.A balanced diet is usually sufficient.
11. What benefit f Vitamin C is mentined?
A. It helps in lsing weight.
B. It imprves skin health.
C. It supprts the immune system.
12. What ptential issue is discussed with taking t much Vitamin C?
A. It can cause stmach upset. B. It can lead t sleep prblems. C. It increases the risk f heart disease.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the student’s research abut?
A. Climate change. B. Wildlife cnservatin. C. Plastic pllutin in ceans.
14. Where des the teacher suggest finding research materials?
A. Field surveys. B. Scientific jurnals. C. Scial media.
15. What advice n presentatin des the teacher give?
A. Quting research papers. B. Using prper bdy language. C. Making use f visuals.
16. What is the first step twards develping the prject?
A. Presenting the findings. B. Intrducing the tpic. C. Finding ut slutins.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw many peple were injured in the strm Ha mn?
A. Tw. B. Seven. C. Ten.
18. When did Ha mn land in the cstal districts n Wednesday?
A. In the mrning. B. In the afternn. C. In the evening.
19. Which cyclne happened the earliest?
A. Hamn. B. Mcha. C. Sidr.
20. What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. Cnsequences f extreme weather.
B. Frecast f an upcming strm.
C. Intrductin t a castal cuntry.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Here are sme musicals n Bradway.
Back t the Future
When Marty McFly finds himself transprted back t 1955 in a time machine built by the eccentric scientist Dc Brwn, he accidentally changes the curse f histry. Nw he’s in a race against time t fix the present, escape the past and send himself back t the future. It’s recmmended fr ages 6 and up.
Hw t Dance in Ohi
At a grup cunseling center in Clumbus, Ohi, seven autistic(患孤独症的) yung adults prepare fr a spring frmal dance—a rite f passage that breaks pen their rutines and sets ff heartbreaking encunters with lve, stress, excitement, and independence. It is a stry abut peple standing at the turning pint f the next phase f their lives, facing their hpes and fears, ready t make a very big first mve and dance. It’s based n the award-winning dcumentary.
Mther Play
Outside f D.C., Phyllis is supervising her teenage children, Carl and Martha, as they mve int a new apartment. Phyllis has strng ideas abut what her children need t d and hw t succeed, and trubles the child faces when finding their wn path. Cmbining flares f imaginative theatricality, surreal farce, and deep tenderness, this beautiful rllercaster ride reveals timeless truths f lve, family, and frgiveness.
I Need That
Sam desn’t get ut at all, pting instead fr the safety f his huse in the cmpany f his many things. But when a ntice frm the gvernment arrives alerting Sam that he must cleanup hi prperty r face evictin(驱逐), he’s frced t deal with what’s trash, what’s treasure, and whether we can ever knw the difference between the tw.
1. What can be learned abut Back t the Future?
A. It is kid-friendly.B. It is based n the histry.
C. It explres the value f time.D. It encurages peple t cnnect mre.
2. What des Mther Play fcus n?
A. Parenting.B. Family relatinships.
C. Mther’s trubles.D. Fictin and reality.
3. Which musical is adapted frm true stries?
A. Back t the Future.B. Hw t Dance in Ohi.
C. Mther Play.D. I Need That.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几部百老汇的音乐剧。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Back t the Future部分中的“It’s recmmended fr ages 6 and up. (建议6岁及以上儿童观看。)”可知，Back t the Future适合孩子观看，所以对孩子很友好。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mther Play部分中的“Phyllis has strng ideas abut what her children need t d and hw t succeed, and trubles the child faces when finding their wn path. Cmbining flares f imaginative theatricality, surreal farce, and deep tenderness, this beautiful rllercaster ride reveals timeless truths f lve, family, and frgiveness. (Phyllis对她的孩子需要做什么以及如何成功有着强烈的想法，并在孩子找到自己的道路时遇到了麻烦。这场美丽的过山车之旅结合了想象力的戏剧性、超现实的闹剧和深深的温柔，揭示了爱、家庭和宽恕的永恒真理。)”可知，Mther Play关注的是育儿。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hw t Dance in Ohi部分中的“It’s based n the award-winning dcumentary. (它是根据获奖纪录片改编的。)”可知，Hw t Dance in Ohi根据真实故事改编。故选B。
B
I grew up in Flrida, surrunded by my extended family, but we can trace ur ancestry back t Texas when it still belnged t Mexic. Our language, custms and even the names my ancestrs called themselves have since largely been lst t frced assimilatin (同化). Yet ur ral traditins, expressed thrugh strytelling, petry and jkes, persist.
My grandmther and mther taught me, a lvely girl, that the natural wrld arund us has stries t tell if yu listen clsely. After all, language is nt unique t humans. One f my earliest memries is sitting n my grandmther’s cracked cncrete prch watching ne f the many dves she had nursed back t health land in her raised hand after she called ut t it. When dark strm cluds gathered ver the half-finished rf, my mther wuld take a steak knife frm the kitchen t the utside f the huse, pinting it t the sky t cut the rain away. My friends thught it was magical hw nature seemed t bend t my mther’s will.
It makes sense that I became an authr. My life is built arund stries. When I lived in New Yrk and Ls Angeles, I’d have t hike very far t find a piece f nature t be in—the rare tree in dwntwn Ls Angeles, r the ginkges near Inwd Hill Park in New Yrk City. Nw in East Tennessee, I walk a few steps past my prch, int my garden—tw small pieces f land that brders my tw-stry white and greenish-blue farmhuse. When I first mved here, nn-native Eurpean grass blanketed the thirsty clay, red as dried bld. I dug up eight garden beds in the middle f that grass, filling them with plants native t my regin: cne flwers and armatic aster, bee balm and Virginia blue bells. I tried grwing squash peppers, yellw watermeln and white eggplant but the plants languished. My land seems t want nthing but flwers. S I am trying my hand at planting zinnias, csms and dahlias instead.
If I am creatively blcked, I walk bareft n the earth, n matter what the seasn, allwing stries t feed the rts f my entire bdy. If I have a plt hle I need t fix, I visit my lemn and lime basil, keeping my fingers with their sweet scents (气味).
4. What plays a rle in keeping traditins alive in the authr’s view?
A. A clse family relatinship.B. The practice f strytelling.
C. The values f sciety members.D. An atmsphere f grwth.
5. What des the third paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. Hw the authr became a gardening expert.
B. Hw the authr fed himself with stries.
C. Hw the authr cnnected with nature.
D. Hw the authr was inspired by stries.
6. Which can best replace the underlined wrd “languished” in paragraph 3?
A. Std ut.B. Survived.C. Develped.D. Faded away.
7. What can be inferred abut the authr frm the text?
A. She’s a very respnsible persn.
B. She’s a nature-lving writer.
C. She’s a passinate traveller.
D. She’s a prfessinal gardener.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者从小受到身边发生的故事的滋养，成为了一名作家。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Yet ur ral traditins, expressed thrugh strytelling, petry and jkes, persist. (然而，我们通过讲故事、诗歌和笑话表达的口头传统依然存在)”可知，在作者看来，讲故事在保持传统活力方面发挥了作用。故选B。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“It makes sense that I became an authr. My life is built arund stries. (我成为一名作家是有道理的。我的生活是围绕着故事展开的)”以及下文陈述作者在纽约和田纳西州的生活经历可知，本段主要讲的是作者是如何用故事滋养自己的。故选B。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“My land seems t want nthing but flwers. S I am trying my hand at planting zinnias, csms and dahlias instead. (我的土地似乎只需要鲜花。所以我试着种植百日草、波斯菊和大丽花)”可知，作者种的南瓜辣椒、黄色西瓜等植物都枯萎了，所以他认为他的花园只需要花。A. Std ut. 脱颖而出；B. Survived.幸存；C. Develped.发展；D. Faded away.消失。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“If I am creatively blcked, I walk bareft n the earth, n matter what the seasn, allwing stries t feed the rts f my entire bdy. If I have a plt hle I need t fix, I visit my lemn and lime basil, keeping my fingers with their sweet scents(气味). (如果我被创造性地阻止了，无论什么季节，我都会赤脚在地球上行走，让故事滋养我全身的根。如果我有一个情节漏洞需要修复，我会去看我的柠檬和酸橙罗勒，让我的手指保持它们的甜味)”可知，作者是一个热爱自然的作家。故选B。
C
Heart in yur thrat. Butterflies in yur stmach. Bad curage feeling. These are all phrases many peple use t describe fear and anxiety.
Yu have likely felt anxiety inside yur chest r stmach, and yur brain usually desn’t hurt when yu’re scared. Many cultures tie weakness and bravery mre t the heart r the guts than t the brain. But science has traditinally seen the brain as the birthplace and prcessing site f fear and anxiety. Then why and hw d yu feel these emtins in ther parts f yur bdy? Research cnfirms that while emtins d begin riginally in yur brain, it’s yur bdy that carries ut the rders. While yur brain gradually changed and develped t save yu frm a falling rck r speeding man-eating animals, the anxieties f mdern life are ften a lt mre abstract. Fifty-thusand years ag, being rejected by yur tribe culd mean death, but nt ding a great jb n a public speech at schl r at wrk desn’t have the same cnsequences. Yur brain, hwever, might nt knw the difference.
There are a few key areas f the brain that are heavily invlved in prcessing fear. Amygdala (杏仁体) is a small area f the brain lcated near yur ears which detects bvius features, r the emtinal cnnectin f a situatin and hw t react t it. Threat search is a vital part f this prcess, and it has t be fast.
The hippcampus (海马体) is near and tightly cnnected t the amygdala. It’s invlved in memrizing what is safe and what is dangerus, especially in relatin t the envirnment — it puts fear in cnditins.
The prefrntal crtex (前额叶皮质), lcated abve yur eyes, is mstly invlved in the realizatin and scial aspects f fear prcessing. Fr example, yu might be scared f a snake until yu read a sign that the snake is nt pisnus r the wner tells yu it’s his friendly pet.
As is described by a singer in his sng “Lse Yurself”, the reasn his hands sweated, his knees gt weak and his arms became heavy was that his brain was nervus.
8. What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A. Emtins can lead t reactins in the bdy.
B. The brain keeps up with the pace f mdern life.
C. Fear and anxiety d much damage t the brain.
D. Nwadays peple have mre anxieties than befre.
9. Which f the fllwing relates t the hippcampus?
A. Receiving utside infrmatin.
B. String memries.
C. Identifying different features.
D. Adjusting emtins.
10. Why is the sng mentined in the last paragraph?
A. T shw the singer’s lve fr music.
B. T present a cmmn phenmenn.
C. T illustrate the singer’s physical cnditin.
D. T explain physical discmfrt riginates frm brain.
11. What is the best title fr the text?
A. The respnse t fear and anxiety
B. A study abut sense f fear
C. What negative emtins affect yur bdy
D. What is the rt f fear and anxiety
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。恐惧并不完全与想法有关，恐惧还会对我们的身体产生影响。研究证明，尽管情绪确实产生于大脑，但是执行指令的却是你的身体。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Research cnfirms that while emtins d begin riginally in yur brain, it’s yur bdy that carries ut the rders. (研究证实，虽然情绪最初是从你的大脑开始的，但执行命令的是你的身体。)”可知，情绪会引起身体的反应。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段内容“The hippcampus(海马体) is near and tightly cnnected t the amygdala. It’s invlved in memrizing what is safe and what is dangerus, especially in relatin t the envirnment--it puts fear in cnditins. (海马体靠近杏仁核并与杏仁核紧密相连。它涉及记住什么是安全的，什么是危险的，尤其是与环境有关——它把恐惧置于情境当中。)”可知，海马体与记忆存储有关。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“As is described by a singer in his sng “Lse Yurself”, the reasn his hands sweated, his knees gt weak and his arms became heavy was that his brain was nervus. (正如一位歌手在他的歌曲《迷失自我》中所描述的那样，他的手出汗、膝盖无力、手臂沉重的原因是他的大脑紧张。)”可知，作者在最后一段提到这首歌是为了解释身体不适源于大脑。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“But science has traditinally seen the brain as the birthplace and prcessing site f fear and anxiety. Then why and hw d yu feel these emtins in ther parts f yur bdy? Research cnfirms that while emtins d begin riginally in yur brain, it’s yur bdy that carries ut the rders. (但传统上，科学认为大脑是恐惧和焦虑的发源地和处理场所。那么，你为什么以及如何在身体的其他部位感受到这些情绪呢？研究证实，虽然情绪最初是从你的大脑开始的，但执行命令的是你的身体。)”可知，本文主要讲了恐惧对我们的身体产生影响，即我们的身体对恐惧的反应。故选A。
D
Ask any business leader what big challenges they face and it’s likely that skills and labr shrtages will be high n their list. They’re cncerned abut hw t develp the skills they need fr the jbs f tmrrw. Accrding t the Wrld Ecnmic Frum’s latest Future f Jbs Reprt 2023, rganizatins acrss all industries identify skills gaps and an inability t attract talent as the key barriers preventing industry transfrmatin.
There’s a ptential slutin t all f this: a “skills-first” apprach. The new reprt, Putting Skills First: A Framewrk fr Actin, launched during the Wrld Ecnmic Frum’s Grwth Summit, finds that switching t a skills-first mindset can directly benefit ver 100 millin peple glbally wh’re currently under-utilizing their existing skills, because they’re under-emplyed in their current jb r because they’re unemplyed. The analysis, which cvers 18 ecnmies, finds wrkfrce under-utilizatin ranges frm 4% f the wrking ppulatin in Thailand, t 7% in the US, 13% in France, 27% in Brazil and 43% in Suth Africa.
A skills-first apprach fcuses n a persn’s skills and cmpetencies rather than n their qualificatins r jb histry, s that what smene can d becmes far mre imprtant than which university they went t. Crucially, this fcus n skills cntinues lng after the wrker has been hired, with an emphasis n cntinually develping their abilities right thrugh their career.
Making skills a pririty is fairly advantageus. Fr businesses, taking a skills-first apprach dramatically increases the ptential pl f talent frm which they can draw n. Fr individuals, it prvides access t gd jbs that ffer skills building, career prgressin and higher earning ptential which they’d therwise have been excluded frm withut the right qualificatins.
Delivering such grund-breaking change requires mre than simply the invlvement f HR teams. It’ll require the cmmitment f CEOs and plicy-makers at the highest level t drive it thrugh. S far a cmpany in UK has intrduced a range f degree apprenticeship (学徒制) prgrams which enable applicants withut a degree t gain ne while wrking at the firm. The rganizatin is als develping new career paths t ensure it has the right skills t meet the changing needs f the ecnmy.
12. What plays a key rle in industry transfrmatin?
A. Wrking envirnment.B. Emplyees’ jb histry.
C. Emplyees’ cmpetence.D. Business leaders’ management.
13. What d we knw abut the new reprt accrding t paragraph 2?
A. It was launched by 18 ecnmies.
B. It fcuses n a skills-first mindset.
C. It shws the decline f glbal ecnmy.
D. It pints ut emplyment trends.
14. What des the last paragraph cnvey abut the skills-first apprach?
A. Further research needs t be dne.
B. It depends n glbal cperatin.
C. Sme measures are already underway.
D. It is well accepted arund the wrld.
15. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A skills-first apprach.
B. A mre inclusive sciety.
C. Develping new career paths.
D. Creating a framewrk fr jb markets.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面对全球技能短缺和劳动力不足的问题，“技能优先”策略提出解决方案。该方法强调个人技能与能力而非学历背景，有助于减少人才浪费，拓宽企业选才范围，并为个人提供更多职业发展机会。实施这一变革需要高层领导与政策制定者的承诺，英国一公司已推出学徒制学位项目及创新职业路径作为实践案例。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Accrding t the Wrld Ecnmic Frum’s latest Future f JbsReprt 2023, rganizatins acrss all industries identify skills gaps and an inability t attract talent as the key barriers preventing industry transfrmatin.(根据世界经济论坛最新发布的《2023年未来就业报告》，所有行业的组织都认为技能差距和无法吸引人才是阻碍行业转型的关键障碍)”可知，员工能力在行业转型中起着关键作用。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The new reprt, Putting Skills First: A Framewrk fr Actin, launched during the Wrld Ecnmic Frum’s Grwth Summit, finds that switching t a skills-first mindset can directly benefit ver 100 millin peple glbally wh’re currently under-utilizing their existing skills, because they’re under-emplyed in their current jb r because they’re unemplyed.(世界经济论坛增长峰会期间发布的新报告《将技能放在首位：行动框架》发现，转变为技能优先的心态可以直接惠及全球1亿多人，因为他们在当前工作中就业不足或失业，目前没有充分利用现有技能)”可知，这份新报告关注的是技能至上的心态。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“S far a cmpany in UK has intrduced a range f degree apprenticeship prgrams which enable applicants withut a degree t gain ne while wrking at the firm. The rganizatin is als develping new career paths t ensure it has the right skills t meet the changing needs f the ecnmy.(到目前为止，英国一家公司推出了一系列学位学徒计划，使没有学位的申请人能够在公司工作时获得学位。该组织还正在开发新的职业道路，以确保其拥有正确的技能来满足不断变化的经济需求)”可知，一些关于技能优先方法的措施已经在进行中。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第一段“Ask any business leader what big challenges they face and it’s likely that skills and labr shrtages will be high n their list. They’re cncerned abut hw t develp the skills they need fr the jbs f tmrrw. Accrding t the Wrld Ecnmic Frum’s latest Future f Jbs Reprt 2023, rganizatins acrss all industries identify skills gaps and an inability t attract talent as the key barriers preventing industry transfrmatin.(问问任何一位商业领袖，他们面临着什么样的巨大挑战，技能和劳动力短缺很可能会成为他们的首要任务。他们关心的是如何培养未来工作所需的技能。根据世界经济论坛最新发布的《2023年未来就业报告》，所有行业的组织都认为技能差距和无法吸引人才是阻碍行业转型的关键障碍)”及第二段“There’s a ptential slutin t all f this: a “skills-first” apprach.(针对所有这些问题，有一个潜在的解决方案，那就是“技能优先”策略)”可知，文章主要介绍了面对全球技能短缺难题，“技能优先”策略提出解决方案。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We asked dental prfessinals t answer five basic questins abut hw t care fr ur teeth and keep them healthy. Here’s what they had t say.
Hw ften shuld I really brush my teeth?
____16____Brushing helps remve plaque, which is the accumulatin f bifilms cntaining micrrganisms stuck t yur teeth. By brushing each tth slightly with yur brush at a 45-degree angle, yu’ll be able t remve plaque particles.
____17____
Brush yur teeth first in the mrning, befre eating breakfast. It breaks up the bifilm and gets it ready t re mineralize(使再矿化) yur teeth. Immediately after meals, yu can rinse r drink water t remve acids and sugars frm the muth.
D I really need t flss(剔牙)?
Yu may nt want t hear it, but the answer is yes.____18____Flssing gets t all the areas where tthbrushes dn’t. Yu can’t d ne r the ther. Flss befre brushing t pen up areas yu may nt be able t clean with just the tthbrush, like in between yur teeth.
Hw d I whiten my teeth?
There are all kinds f prducts and methds t help whiten yur teeth. But dental prfessinals say yu shuld be cautius.____19____Instead, the ideal way t whiten yur teeth is t ask yur dentist fr prfessinal advice.
D I really have t g t the dentist?
While practive care at hme can help keep yur teeth healthy yes—yu still have t see a dentist. There are a lt f factrs t deal within yur dental health—but yu dn’t have t d it alne.____20____
A. Yu shuld flss at least nce a day.
B. That’s what yur dental appintments are fr.
C. D I need t brush my teeth immediately after meals?
D. Is there an ideal time f day when I shuld brush my teeth?
E. Dn’t use hme slutins like brushing teeth with lemn juice.
F. Yu shuld brush yur teeth twice a day fr tw minutes at a time.
G. They can make yur teeth sensitive and ptentially wear yur teeth dwn.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了牙科专业人回答的如何护理牙齿并保持牙齿健康的五个基本问题。
【16题详解】
根据本段小标题“Hw ften shuld I really brush my teeth? (我真正应该多久刷一次牙？)”可知，本段主要回答要多久刷一次牙。F项“Yu shuld brush yur teeth twice a day fr tw minutes at a time. (你应该每天刷牙两次，每次两分钟。)”回答上文的问题，符合语境，故选F项。
【17题详解】
空格处为本段的小标题。根据下文“Brush yur teeth first in the mrning, befre eating breakfast. It breaks up the bifilm and gets it ready t re mineralize(使再矿化) yur teeth. Immediately after meals, yu can rinse r drink water t remve acids and sugars frm the muth. (早上吃早饭前先刷牙。它会破坏生物膜，使其做好重新矿化牙齿的准备。饭后，你可以立即漱口或喝水，以去除口腔中的酸和糖。)”可知，本段主要回答什么时候刷牙这一问题。D项“D I need t brush my teeth immediately after meals? (一天中有没有一个理想的时间我应该刷牙？)”切题，故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据本段小标题“D I really need t flss(剔牙)? (我真的需要剔牙吗？)”可知，本段主要回答是否需要剔牙。A项“Yu shuld flss at least nce a day. (你应该每天至少剔牙一次。)”符合本段主旨，故选A项。
19题详解】
根据下文“Instead, the ideal way t whiten yur teeth is t ask yur dentist fr prfessinal advice. (相反，美白牙齿的理想方法是向牙医寻求专业建议。)”可知，下文讲了应该怎么做。根据Instead可知，空格处应说明不要怎么做。E项“Dn’t use hme slutins like brushing teeth with lemn juice. (不要使用像用柠檬汁刷牙这样的家庭解决方案。)”切题，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据本段小标题“D I really have t g t the dentist? (剔牙)? (我真的要去看牙医吗？)”可知，本段主要回答是否需要看牙医。根据上文“There are a lt f factrs t deal within yur dental health—but yu dn’t have t d it alne. (在你的牙齿健康中有很多因素需要处理，但你不必独自一人去去做。)”可知，下文应说明需要去看牙医。B项“That’s what yur dental appintments are fr. (这就是你牙科预约的目的。)”切题，故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“But I want that blue car!”
The blue car didn’t make it thrugh ur checkut line. The tears____21____up and streamed dwn this fur-year-ld face. I was verwhelmed with____22____by the nisy scene we created. I wanted mre than anything t____23____this screaming child and charge ut f there, child under my arm, marching him straight ut f the____24____and int the car. But I culdn’t d that.
A car accident in my teens left me paralysed (瘫痪) frm the chest dwn. Frm sixteen n I was____25____t create a life with my wheelchair. I relied heavily n my stubbrnness and will t d things ____26____I even accmplished mre than I wuld have dne in my lng-lst ____27____wrld.
It wasn’t until having children that my abandn t independence was frced t____28____reasnable and cautius behavir. It was n lnger just me that had t wn up t the ____29____f my actins. S like any gd Darwinian, I have frced myself t_____30_____.
Kneeling dwn, I tried my hardest t_____31_____that we were buying grceries and nt race cars, but _____32_____.Whether yu are Mther Teresa r Judge Judy, smetimes yu will nt_____33_____a fur-year-ld ver. The kicking and screaming _____34_____with the grwing line f shppers behind.
Becming a_____35_____, wh uses a wheelchair cmes with its bumps and bruises(磕磕碰碰) ._____36_____, I’ve learned hw t navigate with lve and adaptatin and be a great_____37_____ t my children.
S, I tried again with a smile. I tuched my nw _____38_____child’s frehead, frm all f the rage and exhaustin f the mment. His wet eyes lked at me like I was the_____39_____persn n the planet. But his utburst stpped. And, I_____40_____t get him ut the stre drs and int his car seat.
21. A. brkeB. welledC. wentD. jined
22. A. embarrassmentB. disappintmentC. frightD. amusement
23. A. hand verB. hld n tC. pick upD. thrw away
24 A. nurseryB. fficeC. streD. hspital
25. A. permittedB. recmmendedC. expectedD. frced
26. A. repeatedlyB. casuallyC. cautiuslyD. independently
27. A. panic-strickenB. able-bdiedC. carefreeD. misshaped
28. A. refer tB. cnflict withC. keep away frmD. make rm fr
29. A. cnsequencesB. availabilitiesC. cursesD. intentins
30. A. apprachB. aplgizeC. adaptD. fllw
31. A. reflectB. explainC. admitD. cntradict
32. A. in detailB. n demandC. n agreementD. in vain
33. A. winB. takeC. watchD. get
34. A. wrkedB. cntinuedC. fadedD. returned
35. A. mmB. babysitterC. shpperD. victim
36. A. MeanwhileB. MreverC. HweverD. Otherwise
37. A. experienceB. exampleC. partnerD. leader
38. A. aggressiveB. lvelyC. sweatyD. cheerful
39. A. mst desperateB. mst caringC. greatestD. wrst
40. A. prmisedB. struggledC. preparedD. managed
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位被迫坐轮椅的母亲带着四岁的儿子去商店买食品杂货，但儿子为了要买蓝色的玩具车大哭大闹。作者用爱心调整自己的行为，最终将儿子带出商店的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：泪水夺眶而出，顺着这张四岁大的脸流了下来。A. brke (up) 打碎；解体；B. welled (up) 涌出；溢出；C. went (up) 上涨；上升；D. jined (up) 联合；结盟。根据句中tears以及空后streamed dwn this fur-year-ld face可知，此处指孩子泪水夺眶而出。welled up意为“涌出；流出”。 故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们制造的嘈杂场面让我尴尬不已。A. embarrassment尴尬；难堪；B. disappintment失望；C. fright恐惧；惊吓；D. amusement娱乐。根据下文“I wanted mre than anything t____3____this screaming child and charge ut f there, child under my arm, marching him straight ut f the____4____and int the car.”以及常识可知，孩子哭闹着在商店要买玩具，作为妈妈，肯定为因嘈杂场面感到尴尬。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只想抱起这个尖叫的孩子，抱着孩子冲出去，把他直接带出商店，带进车里。A. hand ver移交；转交；B. hld n t保住；坚持；C. pick up拿起；学会；D. thrw away扔掉。根据下文“charge ut f there, child under my arm, marching him straight ut f the____4____and int the car”可知，此处指作者很想抱起尖叫的孩子。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. nursery婴儿室；B. ffice办公室；C. stre商店；D. hspital医院。根据下文“get him ut the stre drs”可知，这个故事发生在商店，所以作者想把儿子直接带出商店。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从十六岁起，我被迫用轮椅创造生活。A. permitted允许；B. recmmended建议；C. expected期待；D. frced强迫。根据上文“A car accident in my teens left me paralysed (瘫痪) frm the chest dwn.”可知，作者十几岁时的一场车祸使她胸部以下瘫痪。所以，她被迫用轮椅创造生活。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在很大程度上依赖于我的固执和独立做事的意志。A. repeatedly反复；再三；B. casually漫不经心地；C. cautiusly谨慎地；D. independently独立地。根据下文“_I even accmplished mre than I wuld have dne in my lng-lst ____7____wrld.”以及下一段中的“It wasn’t until having children that my abandn t independence was frced t____8____reasnable and cautius behavir.”可知，作者靠她的固执和独立做事的意志来生活。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甚至完成了比我在久违的健全世界里所能完成的更多的事情。A. panic-stricken惊慌失措的；B. able-bdied健全的；C. carefree无忧无虑的；D. misshaped变形的。根据语境以及句中even可知，作者完成了比她健全时完成的事情更多。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：直到有了孩子，我才被迫放弃独立，为合理和谨慎的行为腾出空间。A. refer t涉及；参考；B. cnflict with与……冲突；C. keep away frm远离；D. make rm fr为……腾出空间。根据句中abandn t independence可知，作者被迫放弃独立，而采用合理和谨慎的行为。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不再只有我一个人必须承担自己行为的后果。A. cnsequences后果；B. availabilities可用性；C. curses课程；D. intentins意图。根据下文“S like any gd Darwinian, I have frced myself t____10____.”可知，作者强迫自己做出适应，因为当了妈妈后，不再只有她一个人承担自己行为的后果。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，就像任何优秀的达尔文主义者一样，我强迫自己适应。A. apprach靠近；B. aplgize道歉；C. adapt调整；适应；D. fllw跟踪。根据下文“I’ve learned hw t navigate with lve and adaptatin”可知，作者强迫自己做出适应。adapt与adaptatin呼应。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跪下来，尽力解释我们买的是食品杂货，而不是赛车，但徒劳无功。A. reflect反映；反思；B. explain解释；C. admit承认；D. cntradict矛盾。根据下文“that we were buying grceries and nt race cars”可知，作者在给儿子解释他们买的是食品杂货而不是玩具车。故选B。
32题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. in detail详细地；B. n demand一经要求；C. n agreement达成协议；D. in vain徒劳。根据下文“The kicking and screaming ____14____with the grwing line f shppers behind.”可知，作者的解释并没有说服儿子，他仍然大吵大闹。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：无论你是特蕾莎修女还是朱迪法官，有时你都说服不了一个四岁的孩子。A. win (ver)说服；B. take (ver)接管；C. watch (ver)留意；D. get (ver)战胜；克服。根据下文“The kicking and screaming ____14____with the grwing line f shppers behind.”可知，作者的解释并没有说服儿子。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着后面越来越多的购物者，踢打和尖叫声仍在继续。A. wrked工作；生效；B. cntinued继续；C. faded消逝；D. returned返回。根据下文“S, I tried again with a smile.”可知，孩子的踢打和尖叫声仍在继续。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：成为一名母亲，坐轮椅会有磕磕碰碰。A. mm妈妈；B. babysitter保姆；C. shpper顾客；D. victim受害者。通读全文可知，作者是一名母亲的角色。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我已经学会了如何用爱和适应来导航，并成为我孩子的好榜样。A. Meanwhile同时；B. Mrever此外；C. Hwever然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“cmes with its bumps and bruises(磕磕碰碰)”可知，尽管坐在轮椅上有磕磕碰碰，但是她学会了如何用爱和适应来导航，此处是转折关系。故选C。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. experience经历；B. example榜样；C. partner伙伴；D. leader领导者。根据上文“with lve and adaptatin”可知，作者努力成为孩子的好榜样。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我抚摸着孩子现在满是汗水的额头，因为当时我充满了愤怒和疲惫。A. aggressive好争斗的；B. lvely可爱的；C. sweaty满是汗的；D. cheerful高兴的。根据上文“kicking and screaming”可知，孩子一直尖叫踢打，所以此时他的额头满是汗水。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他湿润的眼睛看着我，好像我是这个星球上最绝望的人。A. mst desperate最绝望的；B. mst caring最有爱心的；C. greatest最伟大的；D. wrst最糟糕的。根据上文“frm all f the rage and exhaustin f the mment”可知，这位母亲因为孩子买玩具车一事在商店跟儿子僵持许久，所以，孩子看着她，好像她是最绝望的人。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我设法把他从商店门口救了出来，坐到了他的汽车座椅上。A. prmised承诺；B. struggled斗争；C. prepared准备；D. managed设法做成。根据下文“get him ut the stre drs and int his car seat”可知，作者最终成功地把儿子从商店门口救了出来，坐到了他的汽车座椅上。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s tw elite science and technlgy institutes n Wednesday annunced their results fr the new academicians, ffering 133 tp scientists and schlars natinwide the____41____(high) academic title in the cuntry. The Chinese Academy f Sciences (CAS) has selected 59 new academicians ____42____the Chinese Academy f Engineering (CAE) has selected 74.
The new academicians are frm varius fields,____43____(cver) subjects frm space technlgies t gelgy, and frm medical and life sciences t agriculture and petrchemicals. The average age f the 59____44____(new) elected academicians f the CAS is 54.7 years ld,____45____ 90 percent f them belw the age f 60. Five f the 59 academicians are female scientists. Amng the 74 academician newcmers at the CAE, 81 percent are belw the age f 60.
Yan Ning head f the Shenzhen Medical Academy f Research and Translatin and a renwned structural bilgist ____46____wrks at Tsinghua University’s Schl f Life Sciences, was selected as____47____CAS academician. Yan, 45, als____48____(write) as Nieng Yan in prfessinal circles,____49____(be) a scientist n the rise in recent years after she left Tsinghua in 2017 t becme a prfessr at Princetn University in the United States where she received her PhD, and returned last year t Tsinghua. She was the yungest prfessr and PhD _____50_____(advise)at Tsinghua.
【答案】41. highest
42. while 43. cvering
44. newly 45. with
46. wh##that
47. a 48. written
49. has been
50. adviser
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了中国两所顶尖科技机构的新院士评选结果。
【41题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意：周三，中国两所顶尖科技机构宣布了新院士的评选结果，为全国133名顶尖科学家和学者提供了全国最高的学术头衔。根据空前的定冠词the以及句中in the cuntry可知，空格处应填入形容词的最高级形式，表示“全国最高的学术头衔”。故填highest。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：中国科学院选出59名新院士，而中国工程院选出74名。分析句子可知，空格处应填入连词。根据句意，此处表示前后两者的对比，应用连词while。故填while。
【43题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：新院士来自各个领域，涵盖从空间技术到地质学，从医学和生命科学到农业和石化等学科。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。fields与cver是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。故填cvering。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国科学院 59名新当选院士的平均年龄为54.7岁，其中90%的院士年龄在60岁以下。分析句子可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰elected 。故填newly。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构。故填with。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：深圳医学翻译研究院院长、清华大学生命科学学院著名结构生物学家严宁被选为中国科学院院士。分析句子可知，此处是限定性定语从句。先行词为bilgist ，指任，故用关系代词wh/that引导定语从句。关系代词在从句中作主语，不能省略。故填wh/that。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处应填入冠词。根据句意，此处指“一名院士”，故用不定冠词。CAS以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。故填a。
【48题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：现年45岁的严，在专业圈子里也被称为聂燕，她于2017年离开清华，成为美国普林斯顿大学的教授，并在那里获得了博士学位，去年回到清华，近年来，她一直是一名崛起的科学家。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词 Yan与write是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词，表示被写。故填written。
【49题详解】
考查时态。句意：同上。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语。根据句中时间状语 in recent years可知，此处时态是现在完成时。故填has been。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：她是清华大学最年轻的教授和博士生导师。根据空前的mst significant 可知，空格处应填入名词与 prfessr 并列作表语。PhD adviser意为“博士生导师”。故填adviser。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
During my childhd, my family didn’t have a lt f mney, s we had t be creative when it came t be entertainment. One f ur favrite thing t d n weekends were t g t the park and have a picnic. My mm wuld pack sandwiches, fruit, and ckies, and they wuld bring a frisbee and a sccer ball play with. We wuld spend hurs running arund but having fun. It didn’t matter which we didn’t have expensively tys. We were happy just spending time tgether in the fresh air. Lked back, I knw thse simple picnics are sme f my fnder memries in my childhd.
【答案】1. 删除be 2. thing →things 3. were →was 4. they →she 5. 在play前加t
6. but →and 7. which →that 8. expensively →expensive 9. Lked →Lking 10. fnder →fndest
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在物资匮乏的童年时期，周末一家人最喜欢做的事情之一就是去公园野餐。
【详解】1.考查名词。句意：所以我们在娱乐方面必须有创造力。when it came/cmes t是固定用法，意为“当谈到……”，t是介词，其后直接跟名词。故将be删除。
2.考查名词的数。句意：周末我们最喜欢做的事情之一就是去公园野餐。One f应与名词复数连用。故将thing改为things。
3.考查主谓一致。句意：同上。句子主语是One f ur favrite things t d n weekends，表示单数，故谓语动词用单数形式。故将were改为was。
4.考查人称代词。句意：另外，我妈妈会带上三明治、水果和饼干，还会带上飞盘和足球。根据上文My mm可知，此处人称为第三人称单数形式。故将they改为she。
5.考查动词不定式。句意：同上。此处应用动词不定式作定语修饰sccer ball。故在play前加t。
6.考查连词。句意：我们会花几个小时到处跑，玩得很开心。根据句意可知，此处不是转折关系，而是并列关系。故将but改为and。
7.考查主语从句。句意：我们没有昂贵的玩具并不重要。句中it作形式主语，此处应用that引导主语从句。that在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何含义。故将which改为that。
8.考查形容词。句意：同上。修饰后面的名词tys，用形容词，表示“昂贵的”，用形容词expensive。故将expensively改为expensive。
9.考查现在分词。句意：回想起来，我知道那些简单的野餐是我童年最美好的回忆。句子主语I与动词lk是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故将Lked改为Lking。
10.考查形容词的最高级。句意：同上。根据句中in my childhd可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故将fnder改为fndest。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，你在策划学校音乐节活动。请写封邮件与你的英国朋友Jenny商讨，内容包括：
1.写信缘由；
2.恳求建议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jenny,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jenny,
I hpe this message finds yu well. I am writing t discuss the pssibility f planning a schl music festival tgether. I believe that such an event wuld serve as an excellent platfrm t shwcase ur students’ talent and diverse musical types, thus bringing ur student cmmunity tgether.
I am keen n explring pssible themes, venues as well as activities fr the event. I wuld lve t hear yur thughts n this idea and discuss ptential plans. Perhaps we culd meet t brainstrm sme ideas and create a plan f actin. I’m sure that with ur cmbined effrt we wuld make it a truly memrable event.
Can we arrange a meeting t discuss this further? Lking frward t hearing frm yu sn.
Yurs truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Jenny写封邮件商讨策划学校音乐节活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
展示：shwcase → display
热衷于：keen n→ interested in
共同的：cmbined → jint
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I wuld lve t hear yur thughts n this idea and discuss ptential plans.
拓展句：I wuld lve t hear what yu think f n this idea and discuss ptential plans.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I believe that such an event wuld serve as an excellent platfrm t shwcase ur students’ talent and diverse musical types, thus bringing ur student cmmunity tgether.（运用了现在分词作状语以及that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure that with ur cmbined effrt we wuld make it a truly memrable event.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
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