Module 3 Journey to space综合检测提能练 - 2023-2024学年八年级下册英语同步检测（外研版）

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Module 3 Journey to space综合检测提能练（含答案）满分 100分 时间60分钟一、单项选择（每小题1分，共10分）1．In the past few years there ______ great changes in my hometown.A．have been B．were C．had been D．are2．—Has your sister finished reading ?—Yes. She has finished it.A．yet; yet B．yet; alreadyC．already; yet3．It's very dangerous for us ________ the mobile phone while crossing the street.A．answering B．to answerC．answer D．answers4．—You look unhappy，David.—I invited my classmates to play basketball this morning，but ________ of them came.A．nobody B．all C．none D．everybody5．We want to ________ some information about the Olympics on the Internet.A．invent B．search forC．look D．find out6．Li Na is famous all the tennis fans in China know her.A．too; to B．enough; to C．as; as D．so; that7．— How many people were invited to the meeting? — About six ________.A．hundred B．hundredsC．hundred of D．hundreds of8．Today Mr. Liu told us something about universe in class.A．a B．anC．the D．/9．—_______ should I go to the station?—You can take a bus.A．When B．Where C．Why D．How10．In the English Club, students need to _______ each other in English. It will help them improve their spoken English.A．agree with B．communicate with C．worry about D．think about二、完形填空（每小题1分，共10分）Scientists have 11 wanted to know more about the universe. Years ago they knew many things about the moon. They knew how big it was and how far away it was from the earth. But they wanted to know 12 about it. They thought the best way was 13 men to the moon.The moon is about 384,000 kilometers away from the earth. A plane cannot fly to the moon because the air 14 only 240 kilometers away from the earth. But 15 can fly even when there is no air. That is a rocketHow does a rocket fly? There is gas in the rocket. When the gas 16 very hot inside the rocket, it will rush out of the end of the rocket, 17 it can make the rocket 18 up into the sky.Rockets can fly far out into space. Rockets with men in them have been to the moon. Several rockets without men in them 19 to another planet much farther away than the moon. One day rockets 20 be able to go to any place in space.11．A．ever B．never C．always D．already12．A．much B．more C．many thing D．a lot13．A．to send B．to take C．to carry D．to have14．A．is B．are C．eat D．reaches15．A．it B．that C．something D．someone16．A．become B．get C．make D．is made17．A．so B．because C．that D．for18．A．fly B．flying C．flies D．to fly19．A．has flown B．have flown C．will fly D．fly20．A．can B．will C．must D．many三、阅读理解（每小题2分，共40分）ATwo months ago, my family moved to Planet Zox. There are species (物种) from many different planets on Planet Zox. In fact, I liked my new planet till it was time to start school.“I’m worried,” I told my parents that first morning. “Nobody there will be like me.”“They don’t have to be like you to be friends with you,” Mum said.When I got to school, I kept an eye out for other humans (人). I found a few in the halls, but I was the only one in my class. Nobody talked to me all morning. At lunch, I found that all the other humans were eating with other species. I found only one table with empty (空的) chairs. There, alone, sat one of my classmates, Hululialana. She had many tentacles (触手). I spoke to her with great care (关心), “Hello, Hululialana.” Slowly, one of her tentacles pulled (拉) a chair closer to me.I sat down. “Thank you,” I said. We looked at each other, then away. “How’s your first day going?” I quickly asked.“I wish I were still at my old school,” she said.“I miss my old school too,” I said. “But you’re not the only human I’m the only Hulu.”I thought for a minute and said, “That makes you special.” “That makes me a freak (怪人),” she said.“Well, let’s be freaks together.” Then, for the first time, Hululialana smiled.After that day, school on Planet Zox began to be pretty fun.21．Before the writer went to his new school, he worried that _______.A．the subjects would be difficultB．the school would be dangerousC．he couldn’t understand the teachersD．he would look different from others22．The underlined part “kept an eye out for” in Paragraph 4 means “_______”.A．调查 B．负责C．信赖 D．留心23．What can we know about Hululialana？A．She lived close to the writer.B．She thought she was a freak.C．She was bored with her old school.D．She had fewer tentacles than the writer.24．The underlined sentences show that Hululialana probably felt _______.A．lucky B．proudC．sad D．angry25．After the lunch, the writer and Hululialana might _______.A．become closeB．leave Planet ZoxC．get popular at schoolD．go to a different tableBAs space science develops,man has learned more and more about space.Space is not only amazing but also dangerous.While working in space,spacemen are facing danger.Scientists have found out that radiation(辐射) is the greatest danger to spacemen in space.When spacemen are working in space,they are in danger of radiation from the sun and other stars,which is bad for their health.The damage done by radiation won’t be discovered until their children or even grandchildren are born.Some special medicine may work a little,but no really helpful medicine has been.Space junk is also thought a great danger to spacemen.It’s reported that there are 9,000 man-made things flying in space.About 30% of these are man-made satellites(卫星),10% are spaceships,and the rest are space junk.An explosion(爆炸) in 1996 made a cloud of 300,000 fragments(碎片),each at least 4 mm in size,and even a small piece of these knocked against a spaceship window and did some damage.Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time.They are working on helpful ways to do with space junk.Although space is really dangerous,it interests everyone on the earth.In the near future,it may become usual for people to spend a few days in a space hotel.We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space for a few years.So we should care for space and do something to help improve the space environment.26． of man-made things in space are space junk.A．10% B．30%C．60% D．80%27．Whom are space junk and radiation dangerous to?A．Spacemen working in space.B．All policemen on the earth.C．All the people except children.D．The old people on the earth.28．What is the meaning of the underlined word “damage”?A．坠落 B．消失 C．损坏 D．发射29．What can people do in space in the near future?A．They can spend a few days or live for a few years in space.B．They can only live and travel in space.C．They can find out ways to solve all the problems in space.D．They can grow some fruit and vegetables.30．What is the best title(标题) of the passage?A．Space Travel B．Space DangerC．Space Junk D．Space LifeCDo you ever see people building houses? To build a house, you need workers. They use their hands, tools and machines to put things together. Building the International Space Station is the same. The difference is that the workers are astronauts. They walk in space and use robots’ arms and hands to do the work. In the space station, astronauts are comfortable. The temperature there is about 21℃. But outside of the station, it can be too hot or cold for people. In the sunlight, it’s about 120℃. In the shadow (暗处) of the station, it’s about -85℃. So when astronauts walk in space, they have to wear heavy clothes—spacesuits. These suits also keep astronauts safe from flying rubbish in space. Each time people go into space, they leave rubbish there. So astronauts should be careful because there’s a lot of rubbish, and some rubbish goes many times as fast as a plane! Space walking is not easy, and it can be dangerous. So getting ready for it takes a lot of time to learn. Astronauts will need to do 160 space walks to finish their work in the space station. That will take about 1,900 man-hour work.31．How do the astronauts build the space station?A．With scientists’ hands. B．With some machines. C．With robots’ arms and hands. D．With workers’ hands.32．What’s the temperature in space station?A．About 21℃. B．About 120℃. C．About -85℃. D．We don’t know.33．Why do astronauts need to wear spacesuits when walking in space? ①To keep astronauts from too hot or cold temperature.②To help astronauts flying in space.③To keep astronauts safe from flying rubbish in space.④To help astronauts take food with them.A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．③④34．How do astronauts feel about space walking according to the passage?A．It is easy and safe. B．It is difficult but safe.C．It is easy but dangerous. D．It is difficult and dangerous.35．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．In the shadow of the station, the temperature is about 85℃.B．Astronauts can wear their own clothes to walk in space.C．Rubbish cannot fly as fast as a plane in space.D．Astronauts need to do 160 space walks to finish their work.D阅读下面的短文，从所给的A～F六个选项中，选出正确的答案填空，使短文通顺，内容完整，其中选项中有一项是多余的，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。 Life above the cloudsChina’s Tiangong space station can help scientists study space. 36 . How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station? Come along and find out! 37 . The environment is very different in space. Doing sports helps astronauts stay healthy. How do they exercise? There is a spin bike (脚踏车), a treadmill (跑步机) and other fitness equipment (健身设备) in the space station. The equipment makes it easy for astronauts to work out.Astronauts live in a weightless environment, so they can’t take showers like we do on the Earth. Is there a bathroom in the space station? How do they keep themselves clean? Don’t worry! Tiangong has a special bathroom. 38 .What do astronauts eat in the space station? There is bread and porridge for breakfast. There are also traditional Chinese dishes, like gongbao chicken, fried rice and fried noodles with sliced pork (肉丝炒面). 39 . It’s made of “aerogel” (气凝胶). The food stays cool in it.What if astronauts miss their families? There is special communication equipment in the space station. 40 . Usually, the astronauts wear a headset (耳机). It not only helps them talk with each other, but also allows them to talk to the ground from any position (位置).A．For astronauts in space, exercise is importantB．There is a special “fridge” to store the foodC．We should look after ourselvesD．It is also a place for astronauts live and workE．Astronauts can wipe (擦拭) themselves clean with a wet towelF．Astronauts can have private (私人的) “sky-to-earth” calls with their families四、单词拼写（每小题1分，共20分）41．My (梦想) is to be a doctor like Zhong Nanshan in the future.42．There are the sun,the earth,the moon,and many other stars in the (宇宙).43．I think it’s very important to (交流) with your parents.44．Liu Yang and Wang Yaping are famous women (宇航员) in China.45．We should grow more trees to protect the (环境).46．The old man lives (单独) and his children often come to see him.47．Scientists have also (发现) many other galaxies in the universe.48．Bob and David are in different (组) in their class.49．I want to watch the (最新的) movie this weekend.50．Jason heard the good (新闻) on the radio this morning.51．After finishing (do) your homework, you can have a good rest.52．—Is your father at home?—No, he isn’t. He (go) to Beijing.53．I find it very hard for me (learn) physics well.54．There are so many kinds of mobile phones in the store. I can’t decide which one (choose).55．I didn’t know how （teach）children when I started to work in a primary school.56．He is a basketball fan and he always gets the (late) news about NBA．57．Now air in the country is much (clean) than that in the city.58．We plant many trees and flowers every year in order (make) our city more and more beautiful.59．The girl (not finish) her homework yet.60．It seems (possible) for everyone to make their dreams come true, but hard work really counts.五、选词填空（每小题1分，共10分）The moon 61 around the earth. It is quite near to us in 62 . It is only 380,000 kilometres away and man has 63 visited it. So far, no man has travelled 64 than the moon, but spaceships without people have 65 other planets of the universe.Many countries have 66 up satellites(卫星) into space.These satellites go 67 the earth and help us to learn more about the earth, the weather and other things. Many countries use these satellites to send and receive 68 . For example, 69 their help, China can send its TV and radio programmes to other countries. We can also use satellites to 70 us make telephone calls to foreign countries.六、书面表达（共10分）71．最近你们班举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：是否应该太空探险？请结合下表内容，用英语写一篇100词左右的文章，客观地介绍讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。(开头已给出，不计入总词数)Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO?We had an argument over whether it was necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案：1．A【详解】句意：在过去的几年里我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。考查现在完成时和there be句型。have been现在完成时；were一般过去时；had been过去完成时；are一般现在时。根据句中的时间状语“in the past few years”在过去的几年里，为现在完成时标志词，结构为have/has done。且本句为there be句型。故选A。2．B【详解】句意：——你的妹妹已经完成阅读了吗？——是的。她已经完成了。考查副词辨析。yet还，用于疑问句和否定句；already已经，用于肯定句。第一个句子是疑问句，用yet。第二个句子是肯定句，用already，故选B。3．B【详解】句意：在过马路的时候接电话对我们来说是非常危险的。考查固定句式。answering 回答，动名词或现在分词形式；to answer 回答，动词不定式；answer回答，动词原形；answers 回答，动词第三人称单数形式。It’s + adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……样的，固定句式，it做形式主语，动词不定式做真正主语，结合选项，故选B。【点睛】It’s + adj. + ( for/of sb.) to do sth.是初中英语最常考句型之一，主要有两个考点。考点一：动词不定式做句子正真主语。如It’s important to study hard. 原句应该为To study hard is important. 不定式to study hard 才是句子正真主语，但是英语中为了避免主语过长导致句子的“头重脚轻”会用it来做形式主语，把正真主语往后放。考点二：介词for和of的选择。当句子中的形容词部分是修饰“人”时，介词用of。如It’s kind of you to help me. kind用来修饰you；当句子中的形容词部分是描述“不定式”时，介词用for。如It’s very hard for him to study two languages. hard描述的是不定式to study two languages。4．C【详解】句意：——David，你看起来不开心。——我邀请了我的同学今天早上来打篮球，但是没有人来。考查代词辨析。nobody没有人，相当于no one；all 所有；none 没有一个，常和of搭配构成none of结构使用；everybody每个人。由“unhappy 不开心”可知是“没有人来”，排除B、D选项；nobody后不接of使用，故选C。5．B【详解】句意：我们想在网上找些关于奥林匹克运动会的信息。 考查动词辨析。invent发明；search for寻找；look 看；find out 发现，查明。根据句意可知是在网上寻找有关奥林匹克运动会的信息，look 是不及物动词，接宾语要加at构成look at的短语，所以C排除；A、D不符合语境，排除；动词短语search for符合语境，形式正确，故选B。6．D【详解】试题分析：A．too; to 表示太……而不能； B．enough; to表示做某事足够…… C．as; as 连接原级表示和……一样； D．so;+形容词 that+从句表示如此……以至于；根据题意 ：李娜是如此的出名以至于在中国所有的网球明星都喜欢她。根据题意故选D考点：考查短语辨析。7．A【详解】句意：——邀请了多少人参加这次会议？——大约六百人。考查数词。英语中hundred表示概数时，后面加s，和介词of搭配使用。表示具体数量时，hundred用单数，和数字搭配使用，不加of。空格前有数字“six”，所以表示确切数量，hundred应该用单数，故选A。8．C【详解】句意：今天刘老师在课堂上告诉我们一些有关宇宙的知识。考查冠词。不定冠词a/an表泛指，a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前；an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前；定冠词the表特指。“universe”指世界上独一无二的事物，用定冠词the。故选C。9．D【详解】句意：——我该怎么去车站？   ——你可以坐公共汽车。A. When什么时候；B. Where哪里； C. Why为什么；D. How怎么样。由答语You can take a bus. 你可以坐公共汽车。可知，这是去车站的方式。因此上文用how来提问。语境是：我该怎么去车站？故选D。10．B【详解】句意：在英语俱乐部，学生们需要用英语交流。这将帮助他们提高英语口语。A. agree with同意；B. communicating with与…沟通；C. worrying about担心；D. thinking about思考。由in English可知，这是交流的一种方式，因此选择communicating with与…交流；语境是：在英语俱乐部，学生们需要用英语交流。故选B。11．C 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．C 16．D 17．A 18．A 19．B 20．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火箭。11．句意：科学家们一直想要更多地了解宇宙。ever曾经；never从不；always总是；already已经。由下句“Years ago they knew many things about the moon.”可知，很多年前他们就了解月球，由此可知，科学家们一直想要了解月球。故选C。12．句意：但他们想知道更多。much很多；more更多；many things很多事情；a lot很多。由上句“They knew how big it was and how far away it was from the earth. But they wanted to...”可知，他们已经知道月球有多大以及距离地球有多远，前句和后句构成转折关系，此处表示“想知道更多”。故选B。13．句意：他们认为最好的办法是把人送上月球。to send去发送；to take去带；to carry去扛；to have去拥有。send sb to sp“把某人送到某地”，此处表示“把人类发送到月球”。故选A。14．句意：飞机不能飞到月球，因为大气距离地球只有240公里。is是，修饰单数名词或不可数名词；are是，修饰复数名词；eat吃；reaches到达。此处表示“大气只能抵达距离地球240公里远”，这是飞机不能飞向月球的原因。故选D。15．句意：但是有些东西即使没有空气也能飞。it它；that那个；something某物；someone某人。由下句“That is a rocket”可知，此处表示“有些东西是可以在没有空气的情况下飞行的”。故选C。16．句意：当火箭内部的气体变得非常热时，它会从火箭的末端冲出，所以它可以使火箭飞向天空。become成为；get获得；make做；is made被做。本句的主语是the gas“气体”，不可数名词，此处用被动语态，表示“被加热”。故选D。17．句意：当火箭内部的气体变得非常热时，它会从火箭的末端冲出，所以它可以使火箭飞向天空。so所以；because因为；that那个；for为了。由上句“it will rush out of the end of the rocket”可知，此处表示因果关系，所以它可以使火箭飞向填空。故选A。18．句意：当火箭内部的气体变得非常热时，它会从火箭的末端冲出，所以它可以使火箭飞向天空。fly飞，动词原形；flying飞，动名词；flies飞，动词第三人称；to fly去飞，动词不定式。make sth do sth“使……做……”，是固定搭配。故选A。19．句意：一些无人火箭已经飞到比月球远得多的另一个星球上。has flown已经飞到，主语是单数名词；have flown已经飞到，主语是复数名词；will fly将要飞到，一般将来时；fly飞，一般现在时。由后句“to another planet much farther away than the moon.”可知，此处表示“已经有无人火箭飞到比月球更远的星球上”，此处用现在完成时，主语是several rockets，是复数名词。故选B。20．句意：总有一天，火箭将能够到达太空中的任何地方。can能；will将要；must一定；many很多。one day“将来有一天”，常与一般将来时联用。故选B。21．D 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．A【分析】本文介绍了两个月之前，作者一家搬到了新的地方。上学前，作者很担心。他害怕没人会像他一样。一上午没人和他说话。中午吃饭的时候，他和Hululialana一起吃饭和交谈，之后发现学校生活有趣了。21．细节理解题。根据“I’m worried,” I told my parents that first morning. “Nobody there will be like me.” “我很担心，”我上学的第一天早上告诉父母。“没有人会像我一样。”可知，作者担心的是：自己会和别人不一样。故选D。22．词意猜测题。句子When I got to school, I kept an eye out for other humans (人).的额意思是：当我到学校的时候，我一直留心其他人。因此短语kept an eye out for是“留心”的额意思。故选D。23．推理判断题。根据句子She had many tentacles (触手). 她有许多触手。和下文的句子“That makes me a freak (怪人),” she said. “这让我变成了一个怪人，”她说。可以推知，Hululialana认为自己是一个怪物。故选B。24．推理判断题。A. lucky幸运的；B. proud自豪的；C. sad难过的；D. angry愤怒的。根据上文的句子“I wish I were still at my old school,” she said. 她说：“我真希望我还在我的老学校。”可以推知句子“But you’re not the only human　　1　　I’m the only Hulu.” 是说明了Huulialana可能感到难过。故选C。25．推理判断题。由短文的后半部分的句子“Well, let’s be freaks together.”  Then, for the first time, Hululialana smiled. After that day, school on Planet Zox began to be pretty fun. “好吧，让我们一起做怪物吧。”然后，胡卢利亚拉娜第一次笑了。 从那一天之后，Zox星球上的学校开始变得相当有趣。可以推知午饭后，作者和Hululialana可能会很亲近。故选A。【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，所猜测词汇可以是生词，也可以是熟词新义，还可以是人称代词的指代内容。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：(1)利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 (2)利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 (3)利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。这些逻辑关系往往通过一些相应的词或短语表达出来，如but, or, however, so, because等。(4)利用构词法知识答题。熟记一些前缀、后缀所表达的意思，不仅可以扩大词汇量，而且帮助我们猜测词义。第2小题的词义猜测题就是利用第1种解题方法。26．C 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．B【主旨大意】文章介绍了宇航员们在太空当中也会面临着许多危险，其中主要是辐射和太空垃圾的威胁；辐射对宇航员们的伤害可能会在他们的第二代甚至第三代身上表现出来；太空垃圾中有一些是人造垃圾。太空垃圾对人们探测宇宙危害很大。26．根据第三段的第二三行About 30% of these are man-made satellites(卫星),10% are spaceships, and the rest are space junk.可知，太空中60%的人造物品是太空垃圾。故选C。27．根据短文第二段与第三段的描述可知，太空垃圾和辐射对在太空工作的人有害 。故选A。28．根据前文“甚至还有一小部分撞击在飞船的窗户上” 和后文 “科学家们一直在观察和报告任何可能的危险” 可推知，damage为“损坏”之意。故选C。29．根据最后一段倒数第二句We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space for a few years.可知，人们可以在太空里呆上几天或者生活几年。 故选A。30．文章中共提到了两种太空威胁：一种是辐射；另一种是太空垃圾，故正确答案选B。31．C 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．D【导语】本文介绍了在太空站中建造国际空间站的情况。宇航员需要穿着厚重的宇航服来保护自己，并注意太空中的垃圾。太空行走很危险，需要很长时间来准备。31．细节理解题。根据“They walk in space and use robots’ arms and hands to do the work.”可知他们使用机器人的手臂和手来建造空间站。故选C。32．细节理解题。根据“In the space station, astronauts are comfortable. The temperature there is about 21℃”可知空间站的温度是21℃。故选A。33．细节理解题。根据“In the shadow (暗处) of the station, it’s about -85℃. So when astronauts walk in space, they have to wear heavy clothes—spacesuits.”及“These suits also keep astronauts safe from flying rubbish in space”可知，宇航服可以防止宇航员的温度过高或过低，宇航服还可以保护宇航员免受太空垃圾飞行的伤害。故选C。34．细节理解题。根据“Space walking is not easy, and it can be dangerous.”可知太空行走不容易，也很危险。故选D。35．细节理解题。根据“Astronauts will need to do 160 space walks to finish their work in the space station”可知宇航员将需要进行160次太空行走才能完成他们在空间站的工作。故选D。36．D 37．A 38．E 39．B 40．F【导语】本文主要讲述了中国天宫空间站的情况。36．根据“How much do you know about the lives of astronauts working in the space station?”可知，此处应是说空间站供宇航员生活和工作，选项D“这里也是宇航员生活和工作的地方”符合语境，故选D。37．根据“The environment is very different in space. Doing sports helps astronauts stay healthy.”可知，此处是说运动对宇航员的重要性，选项A“对于太空中的宇航员来说，锻炼很重要”符合语境，故选A。38．根据“Tiangong has a special bathroom.”可知，此处主要是讲天宫里的浴室，选项E“宇航员可以用湿毛巾把自己擦干净”符合语境，故选E。39．根据“It’s made of ‘aeroge’. The food stays cool in it.”可知，此处是讲食物的储存方式，选项B“有一个特殊的‘冰箱’用来储存食物”符合语境，故选B。40．根据“There is special communication equipment in the space station.”可知，此处是讲空间站里的通讯设备，选项F“宇航员可以与家人进行私人‘天对地’通话”符合语境，故选F。41．dream【详解】句意：我的梦想是将来成为钟南山那样的医生。dream“梦想”，可数名词；由“is”可知，此处应用其单数形式在句中作主语。故填dream。42．universe【详解】句意：宇宙中有太阳、地球、月亮和许多其他恒星。根据中文提示，universe“宇宙”，in the universe“在宇宙里”，故填universe。43．communicate【详解】句意：我认为和你父母沟通是非常重要的。communicate“沟通，交流”，是一个动词，空格前有不定式符号to，后接动词原形，构成不定式结构，在句中作主语，故填communicate。44．astronauts【详解】句意：刘洋和王亚平是中国有名的女宇航员。此空为名词作表语，根据系动词are可知，此空是可数名词复数，astronaut表示“宇航员”，复数直接加s。故填astronauts。45．environment【详解】句意：我们应该种更多的树来保护环境。根据中文提示，environment“环境”，不可数名词，故填environment。46．alone【详解】句意：那位老人独居，他的孩子们经常来看他。此空修饰动词“lives”，要用副词，alone表示“单独，独自”，故填alone。47．discovered【详解】句意：科学家们还发现了宇宙中许多其他星系。“发现”可用discover表示，根据“have”可知，此处构成现在完成时结构，所以用其过去分词形式，故填discovered。48．groups【详解】句意：Bob和David在他们班级的不同组。different形容词修饰名词，group表示“组”，different后接名词的复数形式。故填groups。49．latest【详解】句意：这个周末我想看最新的电影。根据中文提示，latest“最新的”，作定语修饰名词“movie”，故填latest。50．news【详解】句意：杰森今天早上从收音机里听到了这个好消息。根据中文提示，news“新闻”，不可数名词，故填news。51．doing【详解】句意：做完作业后，你可以好好休息一下。do“做”，动词；由finish doing sth.“完成做某事”可知，此空应填动名词doing。故填doing。52．has gone【详解】句意：——你爸爸在家吗？——不，他不在。他去北京了。根据“No, he isn’t.”可知，此处说的是爸爸去了北京，人不在这里，英语中表达“去了某地”用结构have/has gone to，主语是第三人称单数He，助动词应用has，故填has gone。53．to learn【详解】句意：我发现学好物理对我来说很难。固定句式：find it+形容词+for sb to do sth“发现做某事对某人来说……”，动词不定式作真正的宾语，it作形式宾语，故填to learn。54．to choose【详解】句意：商店里有这么多种手机。我决定不了选哪一个。分析句子结构，此处用疑问词+动词不定式作动词decide的宾语，故填to choose。55．to teach  【详解】句意：当我开始在小学工作时，我不知道如何教孩子们。动词know后面接的是“疑问词+动词不定式”构成的短语作宾语，故填to teach。56．latest【详解】句意：他是一个篮球迷，他总是能得到NBA中最新的消息。由空前面的the判断，这里用形容词的最高级，late意为“晚的”，其最高级为latest意为“最新的”。故填latest。57．cleaner【详解】句意：现在，农村的空气比城市的空气清新的多。根据“than that in the city”和“much”可知，空格处应该用形容词的比较级，作表语。故填cleaner。58．to make【详解】句意：为了使我们的城市变得越来越美丽，我们每年都种许多树和花。本题考查常用短语in order to do sth.意为“为了做某事”，这里的动词不定式to do表示目的，故填to make。59．hasn't finished【详解】句意：那个女孩还没有完成她的作业。由语境和“yet”可知，此题时态为现在完成时，且为否定句，结构为haven't/hasn't done。主语为the girl，单数，谓语动词应该用单三。故填hasn't finished。60．impossible【详解】句意：对于每个人都实现梦想似乎是不可能的，但是努力工作真得很有用。前后两句存在转折关系，所以前句是说每个人实现梦想是不可能的。possible可能的，impossible不可能的。故填impossible。61．travels 62．space 63．already 64．farther 65．reached 66．sent 67．around 68．messages 69．with 70．help【分析】文章大意：月球绕地球运行，人类已经去过月球，但还没有去过比月球更远的地方，而宇宙飞船已经到过其他行星。许多国家向太空发送的卫星帮助我们更好地了解地球和其他的事情。61．句意：月球绕地球运行。此空缺少谓语动词，结合常识及备选词，travel“移动”，陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语“the moon”是单数，谓语动词用三单形式，故填travels。62．句意：在太空中它离我们很近。句中it指代前文的“the moon”，月球是在太空中，而且离地球很近，in space“在太空中”，故填space。63．句意：它距离地球只有38万公里，人类已经去过了。根据“no man has travelled…than the moon”可知，人类已经去过月球了，但是没去过比月球更远的地方，备选词already“已经”符合，故填already。64．句意：到目前为止，没有人到过比月球更远的地方，但是无人驾驶的宇宙飞船已经到达宇宙中的其他行星。根据“than”，可知，此空应填比较级。根据“but spaceships without people have…other planets of the universe”，可知，人类还没有到过比月球更远的地方，father“更远”符合，故填father。65．句意：到目前为止，没有人到过比月球更远的地方，但是无人驾驶的宇宙飞船已经到达宇宙中的其他行星。根据“So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon”及“but”，可知，人类虽然没有到过比地球更远的地方，但是无人驾驶的宇宙飞船到过其他行星，reach“到达”，助动词have与过去分词构成现在完成时结构，故填reached。66．句意：许多国家向太空发射了卫星。根据“up satellites(卫星) into space”，可知，此处指“发射卫星”；send up“射出”，助动词have要与过去分词构成现在完成时结构，故填sent。67．句意：这些卫星环绕着地球，帮助我们更多地了解地球、天气和其他事情。根据“These satellites go…the earth”可知，卫星环绕着地球，go around“四处走动”，故填around。68．句意：许多国家使用这些卫星发送和接收信息。根据“use these satellites to send and receive”，可知，用卫星发送和接受信息，message“信息”，此处要用复数名词表泛指，故填messages。69．句意：例如，在它们的帮助下，中国可以把它的电视和广播节目发送到其他国家。固定搭配：with one's help“在某人/某物的帮助下”，故填with。70．句意：我们也可以用卫星帮助我们打电话到国外。固定搭配：use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，故此空应填动词原形。根据“us make telephone calls to foreign countries”，可知，卫星帮助我们打电话到国外，help“帮助”符合，故填help。71．例文：Outer Space Explorations, YES or NO?We had an argument over whether it was necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day. Some of us thought it was important to research the outer space because, first of all, people could get a better understanding of the outer space. Second, we could find new resources for humans to use. Third, these explorations could possibly enlarge new living space for human beings. However, others thought very differently. They said this kind of exploration cost too much money. Besides, it was very dangerous for astronauts to do such work. In my opinion, people should research the outer space and such explorations into the outer space are worth trying out.【详解】1. 题干解读：这篇作文要求我们以“是否应该太空探险”为主题，根据表格提示，介绍讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点，必要时可进行适当发挥。2. 写作指导：审题可知，这篇短文应以第一、三人称和一般过去时为主来叙述，写作时承接开头，要写出同学们赞同或反对的理由，清楚地表明自己的看法，注意主谓一致，保证无语法和单词拼写错误。一二三四五六总分around, with, reach, farther, space, travel, send, message, help, already一些同学赞同一些同学反对你自己的观点获得新的知识耗资巨大……从太空取得新资源宇航员的安全问题扩大人类的生存空间……