专题2.07 用隐喻修辞格激发续写语言的表现力-2024年新高考英语读后续写提分技能

这是一份专题2.07 用隐喻修辞格激发续写语言的表现力-2024年新高考英语读后续写提分技能，共13页。试卷主要包含了用名词展现形象景象，用形容词凸显面貌、形态特征等，用谚语的文化内涵增添表述的活力等内容，欢迎下载使用。

知识回顾
1
隐喻是一种隐含着比喻的修辞格，它的通常和基本的用法是，表述某一事物的词或者词组被用来比喻另外的一种事物。由于它的比喻是隐藏着的，那么它的主体与喻体的关系就显得十分的紧密。《辞海》认为：隐喻是“比喻的一种。本体和喻体的关系，比之明喻更为紧切。明喻在形式上只是相类的关系，隐喻在形式上却是相合的关系。本体和喻体两个成分之间一般要用‘是’、‘也’等比喻词。如：‘儿童是祖国的花朵’。”基于此，人们常称隐喻为“浓缩的明喻”(a cmpressed r cndensed simile)。
隐喻与明喻的关系确实十分紧密，就是说定义也常常把它们一起提起。例如A Dictinary Of Literary Terms认为，隐喻是 “A figure f speech in which ne thing is described in terms f anther. The basic figure in petry. A cmparisn is usually implicit; whereas in simile it is explicit.”再次指出，隐喻的比喻是隐含着的，而明喻的比喻是明显的。综上所述，我们就可以得出这样一个概念，隐喻(metaphr)是相对于明喻(simile)而言的，运用隐喻这一修辞方法的人，一般在句中不明确告诉读者A像B或B像A，而是简捷地说A是B或B就是A。
方法策略
2
一、写作中用隐喻为句子表达润色
1.用名词展现形象景象
例如：
All the wrld’s a stage, and all the men and wmen merely players. 整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。
The human tide was rlling westward. 人流向西涌去。
The web f ur life is f a mingled yarn, gd and ill tgether. 我们的生活是吉凶交织而成的网。
He is a walking dictinary／encyclpedia.他是一本活词典(百科全书) 。
Life is a jurney.人生是一次旅行。
Experience is the mther f wisdm.经验是智慧之母。
He 1ives in a palace f a huse.他住在宫殿一般的房子里，
The bat disappeared in a muntain f a wave.船在一般如山高的大浪中消失了。
2.用动词模仿动作特征
例如：
The by wlfed dwn the fd the mment he grabbed it.那男孩儿一抓到食物便狼吞虎咽般地吃了下去。
Sme bks are t be tasted, thers t be swallwed, and sme few t be chewed and digested.有些书是要品尝的，有的是要吞吃的，还有少数要细嚼慢咽，进行消化。
The by is shting up fast.这个小孩长得特快。
Waves thundered against the rcks.水浪猛烈地拍打着岩岸。
The crridr was flded with bys and girls.走廊里挤满了男女小孩。
I have been wrestling with this prblem fr half ah hur.我钻研这个问题已经半小时了。
Everything was bathed in the glden sunlight.万物沐浴在金色的阳光下。
He needled his way thrugh the crwd.他穿过人群。
3.用形容词凸显面貌、形态特征等
例如：
We regard it as a burning shame t have lagged behind.我们把落后看成是奇耻大辱。
He has a glden pprtunity.他有着极好的机会。
He has the micrwave smile that warms anther persn withut heat.他有一种微波微笑，能不加热而使别人温暖。
其他形容词作喻体的有：
the glden age黄金时代 strmy applause雷鸣般的掌声
irn will钢铁般的意志 a silver tngue流利的口才
a biting nrth wind刺骨的北风等。
注：某些复合形容词也含有喻体，例如：dg-tired (=very tired); pitch-dark／black (=very dark／black); cal-black (=very black); snw-white (=very white)等。
4用副词限定、强调或摹状动作
例如：
He flatly refused us.他坚决拒绝我们。
They 1ived frm hand t muth. 他们收入仅够糊口。
He was almst at the end f his tether (牵绳) when he stumbled n the slutin f his difficulty．他在山穷水尽之际找到了解决困难的办法。
Peple wh 1ived in the glass huse shuld nt thrw stnes.处于脆弱地位的人不应攻击他人；正人先正已。
She was brn with a silver spn in her muth.她生于富贵人家。
Time passed at a nail’s pace.时间过得很慢。
They escaped by a hair’s breath. 他们死里逃生。
5.用谚语的文化内涵增添表述的活力
例如：
T many cks spil the brth.人多坏事。
D nt put the cart befre the hrse.勿将本末倒置。
Give him an inch and he will make a mile. 得寸进尺。
Lk befre yu leap. 三思而后行。
Strike the irn while it is ht. 趁热打铁。
Yu can nt make an melet withut breaking eggs. 做事不可畏首畏尾。
Every dg has its／his day. 人人皆有得意时。
Still waters run deep. 水静流深，人静心深。
二、续写中运用隐喻的方法举例
下面我们以高考试题为例，简要分析如何在续写中使用隐喻，为表达增添活力。
（2021年1月，浙江高考）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Pumpkin （南瓜） carving at Hallween is a family traditin. We visit a lcal farm every Octber. In the pumpkin field， I cmpete with my three brthers and sister t seek ut the biggest pumpkin. My dad has a rule that we have t carry ur pumpkins back hme， and as the eldest child I have an advantage﹣I carried an 85﹣punder back last year.
This year， it was hard t tell whether my prize r the ne chsen by my 14﹣year﹣ld brther， Jasn， was the winner. Unfrtunately we frgt t weigh them befre taking ut their insides， but I was determined t prve my pint. All f us were hard at wrk at the kitchen table，with my mm filming the annual event. I'm unsure nw why I thught frcing my head inside the pumpkin wuld settle the matter，but it seemed t make perfect sense at the time.
With the pumpkin resting n the table，hle uppermst，I bent ver and pressed my head against the pening. At first I gt jammed just abve my eyes and then，as I went n with my task，unwilling t quit，my nse briefly prevented entry. Finally I managed t put my whle head int it，like a crk（软木塞）frced int a bttle. I was able t straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting n my shulders.
My excitement was shrt﹣lived. The pumpkin was heavy. "I'm ging t set it dwn，nw，" I said，and with Jasn helping t supprt its weight，I bent back ver the table t give it smewhere t rest. It was nly when I tried t remve my head that I realized getting ut was ging t be less straightfrward than getting in. When I pulled hard， my nse gt in the way. I gt int a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and mved my head arund trying t find the right angle， but it was n use. "I can't get it ut!" I shuted， my vice sunding unnaturally lud in the enclsed space.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1
I was stuck fr five r six minutes thugh it felt much lnger. _____________________________________
Paragraph 2
That vide was psted the day befre Hallween. ________________________________________
1.利用隐喻增添续写表现力的策略
（1）用形容词模拟心理状态
例如： I culd hear my sister’s cutting laughter and Jasn’s muffled vice talking abut frcing the giant thing pen. 我能听到我姐姐刺耳的笑声，还有杰森低沉的声音在谈论如何把那个巨大的东西打开。
（2）用动词刻画动作效果
例如：The air inside the hllw vegetable was flded with f my anxius breath.空心南瓜的空气中充满了我焦虑的呼吸。
（3）用名词凸显某一事件带来的影响
例如：One girl recalled celebrating it with her brthers and sisters, and thanked us fr “bringing her hme”.一个女孩回忆起和她的兄弟姐妹一起庆祝，并感谢我们“把她带回家”。
2.用隐喻增添续写语篇的表现力
It was five r six minutes thugh it felt much lnger. The air inside the hllw vegetable was flded f my anxius breath. I culd hear my sister’s cutting laughter and Jasn’s muffled vice talking abut frcing the giant thing pen. “N! Nt my precius pumpkin!” I prtested. Eventually, Dad helped me adjust my bdy t a mre relaxed psitin, and pulled the pumpkin gently ff my head. Hair in knts, nse and chain cvered in pumpkin flesh, I let ut a sigh f relief. That’s when I realized the camera had been rlling the whle time!
The vide was psted nline the Mnday befre Hallween.I lked just like a pumpkin head in it. Embarrassed and a little annyed, I fled t my rm, but Mm stpped me. “Yu haven’t read the cmments yet.” I scrlled dwn the screen and marveled at the stries the viewers shared abut Hallween. One girl recalled celebrating it with her brthers and sisters, and thanked us fr “bringing her hme”. The wrds brught warmth t my heart and tears t my eyes. I felt lucky t be a part f this mischievus yet lving family.
实践强化
3
基础演练
A
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It seems that friendship can als exist between dgs and hrses. I’ve witnessed ne inspiring case.
One mrning, I went utside t feed ur hrse Bullet. Usually, Bullet waits eagerly at the fence fr his breakfast. But this mrning he stayed near a tree in the pasture’s center. As he began jyfully walking tward me, I nticed a dg lying in the tall grass beneath the tree. S this was what held Bullet’s attentin this mrning: a hmeless dg. Mst f the hmeless dgs shied away frm ur large Bullet, but this ne seemed t feel safe in the shelter f the tall grass regardless f Bullet. I placed alfalfa cubes inside the fence. After Bullet ate them, I’d give him sme ckies he lved mst.
I walked back t my prch and sat dwn. As Bullet ate alfalfa, the dg std up cautiusly, stared at Bullet fr lng and then slwly walked tward Bullet. The dg ften paused and lked at me t ensure I wasn’t a threat. As the dg drew clser t Bullet, I held my breath. I didn’t knw hw Bullet wuld react t an animal that apprached while he was eating. Knwing a hrse’s kick can kill a dg, I decided t scare the dg away. Just then Bullet swung his head and lked at the dg. Nt minding it, he ate his fd again.
The dg drew clse enugh t take an alfalfa cube. My heart brke as I watched the dg — a female — chewing n the alfalfa. She had t be extremely hungry t attempt t eat hrse feed. I went inside the huse, carried sme meat and walked tward the fence. The dg sn ran t the safety f the tall grass near the tree. I put the meat dwn utside the fence and went back inside the huse. She’d prbably cme fr the meat when I was ut f sight.
Minutes later, I realized I hadn’t yet given Bullet his ckies. I tk sme and went back utside. Amazingly, Bullet was lying dwn in the grass beneath the tree with the dg next t him. I smiled at the warm scene they created.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Knwing I carried his treat, Bullet gt up quickly and ran t me.
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But Bullet didn’t care as the dg jumped frward and tk a ckie.
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读后续写隐喻修辞使用导引
【参考范文】
Knwing I carried his treat, Bullet gt up quickly and ran t me. The dg watched and waited in the glass as I threw ckies ver the fence. I nticed she hadn’t gtten the curage t venture utside the fence t get the meat. I went back t the prch, trying t think f a way t make the dg vercme her fear and cme fr the meat. Nticing Bullet was eating, the dg began t mve frward at a nail’s pace, watching me all the while. “He might share his alfalfa with yu, but he’ll never let yu eat his favrite ckies!” I said t myself.
But Bullet didn’t care as the dg jumped frward and tk a ckie. The dg sn swallwed the ckie, and then tk mre. When Bullet walked back tward the tree’s shade, the dg walked alng. All day lng, they stayed tgether. The next day, Bullet still shared his fd with the dg. And I managed t make the dg get ut f the pasture and adpted her. Althugh she eventually warmed t me, she always lved Bullet’s cmpany mst. They’d run jyfully tgether and rest tgether. And ften Bullet tuched the dg with his nse and she licked his face. I knew they had becme clse friends and a valuable life jurney began.
【写作指导】本文讲述了作者的牧场来了一只流浪狗，但作者的马Bullet并不介意这只狗，Bullet选择和这只狗共享自己的食物，它们之间产生了友谊。作者最终收养了狗，狗非常喜欢Bullet的陪伴，它们成了亲密的朋友。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Bullet知道我拿着他的食物，赶紧站起来跑向我”可知，第一段可描写作者让狗克服恐惧过来吃东西，以及Bullet的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“但Bullet并不在意，因为狗跳了过去，拿走了一块饼干。”可知，第二段可描写Bullet和狗分享了自己爱吃的食物，以后它们最终成为朋友的经过。
2.续写线索：Bullet过来吃食物——狗恐惧——狗靠近Bullet——狗吃饼干——收养狗——狗和Bullet成为朋友
3.词汇激活
行为类
拿着：carry/hld
尝试：try t/attempt t
开始：begin /start
情绪类
快速：quickly /rapidly
介意：care / mind
【典型句式】
[句式1] The dg watched as I threw ckies ver the fence. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[句式2] Althugh she eventually warmed t me, she always lved Bullet’s cmpany mst. (运用了让步状语从句)
综合演练
B
1．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Case f the Missing Dinsaur（恐龙）
My little brther Teddy and I run a detective agency tgether ut f an ffice in my bedrm clset. The sign n the dr says Investigatins by Nina (with help frm Teddy). Well, We’re detectives. We find things like missing shes and hats.
Teddy handed me ntes he’d gathered frm the empty flwerpt n ur prch(走廊). That’s where family and neighbrs let us knw abut mysteries t slve. I read the papers, nly t find that there were nthing imprtant.“ Hw abut a dinsaur?” asked Teddy. “ My friend Peter is missing his dinsaur.” That sunded great. I asked Teddy t tell me everything he knew.
Mst days after schl, my brther ges acrss the street t Peter’s huse t play G Fish. But yesterday, Peter refused t play any games. His eyes were red. He kept talking abut his dinsaur, Brun. We decided t help him. Then we walked t Peter’s huse t check things ut.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I started with my usual questins.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Teddy was turning ut t be a gd detective.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I started with my usual questins.“ When did yu last see Brun? Where did yu see him?” I asked. “Yesterday, in the mrning. I was hlding him.” Peter answered. That’s weird. “ I have an idea,” said Teddy, “Let’s pretend it was yesterday.” Then Peter held his imaginary dinsaur with ne hand. He went t the pantry and pulled ut a chair with bth hands. “ Wait,” I said. “ Hw did yu hld Brun while yu were carrying the chair?” “ The pantry!” Teddy whispered.
Teddy was turning ut t be a gd detective. He ran int the pantry and fund a stuffed dinsaur. “ Yu prbably put Brun there when yu picked up the chair,” Teddy explained. Peter hugged his dinsaur tightly. He wuldn’t let us leave until we hugged his dinsaur t. Back hme, I peeked inside the flwerpt n ur prch. Three mre slips f paper waited fr us. I had the feeling it was ging t be anther busy Saturday.
【写作指导】本文以人物故事为线索展开，讲述了作者和弟弟泰迪开了一家侦探社，弟弟的一个朋友皮特的恐龙玩具不见了，他现状心情很糟糕，我们决定帮助他，然后我和弟弟去他家进行调查。开始我们问了皮特一些问题，随着问题深入，答案逐渐浮出水面，他们跑进跑进食品储藏室，找到了皮特的恐龙玩具，他非常开心的故事。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我从我通常的问题开始。”可知，第一段可描写作者开始询问一些与案件有关的问题，事情将逐渐清晰。
②由第二段首句内容“特迪原来是个好侦探。”可知，第二段可描写作者和弟弟泰迪终于帮皮特找到了恐龙玩具。
2.续写线索：问问题——回答——思考——深调查——找到——感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.开始：start/begin
②.回家：back hme/return hme
③.拥抱：hug/embrace/enfld
情绪类
①.紧紧的：tightly/clsely/firmly
②.忙碌的：busy/engaged
【典型句式】
[句式1]. “ Yu prbably put Brun there when yu picked up the chair,” Teddy explained. （由连接副词when引导的时间状语从句）
[句式2].He wuldn’t let us leave until we hugged his dinsaur t.（由“直到……才”引导的时间状语从句）
2．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the mst beautiful mtrbike and the first f its kind in the neighbrhd, a magic blue ne with tw smart rear-view mirrrs. It belnged t Ranjan’s uncle. Overnight, Ranjan had becme a prince amng us bys.
We surrunded him the next day, wanting t learn mre details. Ranjan’s uncle had cme frm Bmbay, riding the new mtrbike. Every afternn when he slept, we wuld gather arund the blue bike, admiring it. Smetimes Ranjan managed t take ut his uncle's red helmet (头盔). We wuld wear it in turn and sit n the bike, imagining starting it and being ff. In the evenings, we watched Ranjan g ut fr a ride with his uncle and ur eyes were filled with envy (羡慕).
One Mnday mrning I was struggling with the hmewrk when Ranjan whispered in my ear, “I am learning t ride it, Tny.” “What?” I dubted. “I will shw yu this afternn. ”Ranjan sunded cnfident.
Ranjan, like the rest f us, knew everything abut the mtrbike, every part f it. But t ride it was anther stry. Like all grwn-ups, his uncle had this belief that furteen-year-lds culd nt ride things like mtrbikes. It is unfair really.
The big mment came at last. After lunch, I came t meet Ranjan, wh appeared at the gate secnds later, wearing the red helmet. Niselessly, he wheeled the bike ut f the gate. He lked arund carefully, pushed it dwn the rad, and started it. “Get n, by!”I felt excited as I climbed nt the back seat, but still culd nt believe that he culd ride it. “Ready?”Ranjan shuted. “Yeah. What are yu waiting fr?”
We were ff. The rad was nearly empty and we were mving smthly. I had a lk at the speedmeter (速度计): 30 kmph. Hw cl it was!
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, a dg rushed ut and ran acrss the rad.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We picked up the mtrbike and fund ne mirrr was missing.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Suddenly, a dg rushed ut and ran acrss the rad. “Hey, Ranjan stp!” I yelled, gripping his shulders. Our minds raced, trying t think f a way t d smething. But it was t late. In the twinkling f an eyelid, he stepped n the brakes and the mtrbike screeched t a halt. N sner had we kncked int the pr dg than we stpped ur mtrbike. In a daze, I saw the dg sprawling n the rad, withut mving a muscle. At the same time, we were thrwn t the grund heavily, s was the mst beautiful mtrbike.
We picked up the mtrbike and funded ur mirrr was missing. “What shall we d?” He muttered. I shk my head, helplessly. We walked slwly n the way hme, with ur legs trembling and ur hearts bumping nearly ut f check. It seemed like hundreds f years befre we apprached hme. Hw we wished we culd wheeled int the yard quitely. Hwever, uncle had waited fr us ut the dr. He gazed at the mtrbike, unbelievable. “We are really srry, but... .” Silence surrunded us. “It’s nthing serius. But alway remember safety is alway the first imprtant.” S ashamed was I that we culd feel the bld rush t my face. YES, vercnfidence cmes at cst.
【写作指导】本文以一辆蓝色摩托车为线索展开，讲述了Ranjan的叔叔有一辆有两个智能后视镜的蓝色摩托车，这是附近最漂亮的摩托车，也是附近第一辆这样的摩托车。Ranjan和我一直梦想着有一天我们能够骑着这辆摩托车出去兜风。这样的日子终于来了，利用中午Ranjan叔叔休息的空档我们两个偷偷地骑着这辆摩托车出去兜风。一切进展顺利直到一条狗出现在空无一人的马路上，结果可想而知。这次的鲁莽行为直接导致摩托车的一个智能后视镜不见了。紧张、不安和后悔使得我们不知道该如何去面对叔叔，而叔叔却用他的宽容让我们意识到过分自信最终会让我们付出代价。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然一只狗冲了出来，跑过了马路。”可知，第一段可写作者和Ranjan在撞上这条狗之前的一系列操作以及撞上之后的情况。
②由第二段首句内容“我们推起摩托车，发现有一面镜子不见了。”可知，第二段可写发现镜子不见了之后作者和Ranjan的反应以及将摩托车骑回家之后叔叔的宽容和作者的感悟。
续写线索：骑行——撞狗——摔车——镜子遗失——回家——认错——原谅——感悟
词汇激活
行为类
①大喊，喊叫：yell/shut/scream
②尖叫：screech/squeal
③凝视：gaze/stare
情绪类
①无助地：helplessly/hpelessly
②惭愧的：ashamed/guilty
【典型句式】
【句式1】I yelled, gripping his shulders.(使用了现在分词短语作状语)
【句式2】S ashamed was I that we culd feel the bld rush t my face.(使用了部分倒装)
策略
表达举例
使用目的
使用介词短语
waited in the glass
描述等待时的心态等
使用介词短语
at a nail’s pace
描述移动的速度的特征
使用名词
a valuable life jurney
再现友谊的珍贵
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