专题3.08 读后续写必备的词块策略-2024年新高考英语读后续写提分技能

这是一份专题3.08 读后续写必备的词块策略-2024年新高考英语读后续写提分技能，共14页。试卷主要包含了08 读后续写必备的词块策略， smart 聪明的，， tack 老练、机智，， acute 敏锐的，， exquisite 灵敏的，等内容，欢迎下载使用。

知识回顾
1
词块法是由Michael Lewis在他The Lexical Apprach(((词块法}))一书中提出的，是一个关于语言教学的理论。在外语教学过程中要更多地关注交际和词汇已是大势所趋。从本质上说，词块法就等同于交际法，因为它们都强调语言的交际作用。根据Michael Lewis的观点，词块法的主要内容可以这样来描述:语言教学是个人教育的一部分。每一种学习经历都应该有助于个人的成熟发展。尽管对于不同的受教育者来说，教育的影响是不同的，但有效的教育经历都会带来好奇心、自信和自我完善的提升。而且，个人集中注意力的能力、责任感和合作意识也能在有效的教育经历中获得加强。
词块法最突出的特征是，它提出要从根本上用一种不同的态度来对待文本。首先，它强调上下文的重要性，并质疑非语境语言，因此其更倾向于文本自身的拓展。其次，它提出了一系列的加强意识的活动，来引导学生关注构成文本的词块。因此，文本不仅扮演了介绍有趣内容的角色，而且还可被视为主要的语言资源，学生们可以从中习得相关的词汇知识
按照词汇内部的语义联系和句法功能将词汇项目分为四种类型的词块：1） 单词 （如：wrd， guideline） 和多词词汇 （如：by the way）。这实际上就是传统意义上的“词汇”，其特点是不能将它拆分开来使用，其中的单词也不能任意替换。2） 搭配 （cllcatins），即以较高频率出现的单词组合 （形容词+名词或动词+名词的搭配）。3） 惯用语 （institutinalized utterances），指形式固定或半固定的具有语用功能的单词组合。如I’m srry， but…等。4） 句子框架或引语 （sentence frames r heads）。这类词块仅用于书面语，作为篇章组织的手段，是形式和功能固定和半固定的短语。
方法策略
2
读后续写中常用的词块列举
一、形容人聪明与善良的英语单词
聪明：
1. smart 聪明的，
2. intelligent 聪明的、理解力强的，
3. shrewd 精明的，
4. tack 老练、机智，
5. acute 敏锐的，
6. exquisite 灵敏的，
7. knwledgeable 有见识的;
愚蠢：
1. silly 傻的，
2. stupid 愚蠢的，
3. clumsy 笨拙的，
4. awkward 笨拙的、尴尬的，
5. fatuus 愚昧的，
6. iditic 愚蠢的，
7. blunt 迟钝的;
卑鄙：
1. mean 卑鄙的、刻薄的，
2. shameless 无耻的、不要脸的，
3. ignminius 可耻的、不光彩的，
4. filthy 污秽的;
善良：
1. kind-hearted 好心肠的、善良的，
2. humane 仁慈的、高尚的，
3. merciful 仁慈的，
4. pitiful 慈悲的，
5. facile 随和的，
6. affable 和蔼可亲的
二、描述人的性格
正面的形容
kind 亲切友好的
cnsiderate 体贴的懂得照顾他人感受的
funny 很逗的
a gd sense f humur 有幽默感的
hnest 实诚的
reliable 可靠的
straightfrward 坦率的，不藏着掖着不拐弯抹角的
cheerful 情绪总是很好的
ptimistic 乐观的
psitive 积极的
负面的形容
selfish 自私的
self-centered 以自我为中心的
self-bsessed 自恋的自我陶醉的
insincere 虚伪的，口是心非的
mdy 喜怒无常，翻脸如翻书的
dull 迟钝的，呆滞的
grumpy 脾气很坏很暴躁的
三、描述人的情绪
赞同
psitive adj.肯定的, 实际的, 积极的, , 确实的
favrable adj.赞成的, 有利的, 赞许的, 良好的
apprval n. 赞成, 承认, 正式批准
enthusiasm n.狂热, 热心, 积极性
supprtive adj.支持的，支援的
defensive 为……而辩护
否定
negative adj.否定的, 消极的, 负的, 阴性的
disapprval 不赞成
bjectin 异议
ppsitin 反对
critical 批评的
criticism 批评批判
disgust vi.令人厌恶, 令人反感vt.使作呕
warning
detestatin n.憎恶, 厌恶的人, 嫌恶
indignatin 愤慨
cntempt n.轻视, 轻蔑, 耻辱, 不尊敬
cmprmising n.妥协, 折衷v.妥协, 折衷
wrried adj.闷闷不乐的,焦虑的
怀疑
suspicin n.猜疑, 怀疑
suspicius adj.(～ f) 可疑的, 怀疑的
dubt
dubtful adj.可疑的, 不确的, 疑心的
questin
puzzling adj.使迷惑的, 使莫明其妙的
客观 (即好的坏的都说，选的可能性极大)
bjective adj.客观的
neutral adj.中立的
impartial adj.公平的, 不偏不倚的
disinterested adj.无私的
imprejudiced adj.没有偏见的
unbiased adj.没有偏见的
unprejudiced adj.公平的, 无偏见的, 没有成见的
detached 不含个人偏见的
主观
subjective adj.主观的, 个人的
indifference n.不关心
tlerance n.宽容，容忍，忍受
pessimism n.悲观, 悲观主义
glmy adj.黑暗的, 阴沉的, 令人沮丧的, 阴郁的
ptimistic adj.乐观的
sensitive 有感觉的, 敏感[锐]的,易受伤害的
scared adj.恐惧的
reserved adj.保留的, 包租的
cnsent vi.同意, 赞成, 答应n.同意, 赞成, 允诺
radical adj.激进的
mderate adj.中等的, 适度的, 适中的v.缓和
mild adj.温和的, 温柔的, 淡味的, 轻微的, 适度的
irnic adj.说反话的, 讽刺的
cnfused adj.困惑的, 烦恼的
amazed adj.吃惊的, 惊奇的
wrried
cncerned adj.关心的, 有关的
apprehensive adj.担忧，担心
mixed 喜忧参半
biased 有偏见的
indignant adj.愤怒的, 愤慨的
积极
bjective 客观的
cncerned 关注的
cnfident adj.自信的, 确信的
interested adj.感兴趣的, 有成见的, 有权益的
ptimistic adj.乐观的
psitive 正面的
impressive adj.给人深刻印象的, 感人的
中立/折中
impartial adj.公平的, 不偏不倚的
neutral 中立的
impersnal adj.非个人的
factual adj.事实的, 实际的,根据事实的
detached 不含个人偏见的
四、逻辑关系词
先后次序：first f all, next, befre, after, previusly, eventually, finally 并列关系：and, t, at the same time, meanwhile, in the meantime
递进关系：als, mrever, in additin, furthermre, besides, nt nly, n tp f that
转折关系：but, hwever, thugh, whereas, nevertheless, in fact, instead 让步关系：althugh, thugh, despite, in spite f, even thugh
因果关系：s, thus, hence, as a result, cnsequently, reasn, because, fr, due t, cnversely
对照关系：like, similarly, in a similar manner
对比关系：different frm, unlike, by cntrast, n the ther hand, n the cntrary, cnversely
解释关系：that is t say, in ther wrds, this means
条件关系：if, unless
, nce, prvided that, in case (f), had I knwn, were this t happen
举例关系：fr example, fr instance, in this case, namely, such as, a case in pint 归纳总结：n the whle, in brief, t sum up, in cnclusin, in summary, t cnclude, in shrt
读后续写中词块的运用举例
示例1：“笑”的描写
smile brightly; laugh; beam; light (sth) up; light up with; burst int laughter; burst ut laughing；wear a bright/brad smile; give sb a smile
【演练1】看到直升飞机，Jane 高兴地笑了起来。
At the sight f the helicpter, Jane beamed with wild jy.
Seeing the helicpter, Jane beamed with wild jy.
The mment she caught sight f the helicpter, Jane’s eyes/ face lit up with delight.
The mment she caught sight f the helicpter, a bright smile lit up Jane’s face/eyes.
示例2：描写高兴与激动
dance; whistle; jump/leap with jy; feel a surge f happiness/delight/jy/excitement; be vercme with happiness/delight/jy/excitement;(ne’s eyes) twinkle；(ne’s heart) beat/pund wildly
happy; delighted; verjyed; excited; thrilled; wild with jy
【演练2】当她知道考试结果时，她兴奋极了。
When she knew the result f the test, she felt excited/ thrilled.
When she knew the result f the test, her eyes twinkled with excitement.
When she knew the result f the test, her heart was punding with wild jy.
When she knew the result f the test, a wild excitement tk hld f her.
Knwing the result f the test, she felt a surge f excitement.
示例3：:描写生气
feel/get angry/furius; feel a surge f anger(rage/fury); eyes blaze; strm ut f/int/ff ; strm(say angrily);
sth. makes sb’s bld bil(sth makes sb extremely angry); clasp ne’s hands; clench ne’s fists/teeth; speechless
【演练3】Sam 感到非常生气。
Sam felt very angry.
Sam std rted t the spt, his eyes blazing with anger.
Sam felt s angry that he strmed ut f the rm, slamming the dr furiusly behind him.
Biling with rage, Sam shk his fist at me.
Filled with fury, Sam was unable t utter a single wrd.
实践强化
3
1．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I Owe Yu Thanks
Mrs. Crawley, a large wman, ften wrked int night at a htel beauty-shp. She was walking alne with a large heavy back-pack at abut eleven ’clck ne night when a by named Jack ran up behind her and tried t snatch (抢夺) her pack.
The pack’s strap (带子) brke. The by’s weight and the weight f the pack cmbined cased him t lse his balance, s Jack fell n his back n the sidewalk. Mrs. Crawley simply turned arund and picked the by up by his shirt frnt.
The wman did nt release Jack. “I’m very srry, lady, I’m srry,” he whispered in an embarrassed (尴尬的) vice.
Mrs. Crawley said, lking at his face, “Nw I gt a great mind t wash yur face. It’s dirty! Did yu have nbdy hme t tell yu t wash yur face?”
“N, Ma’am,” said Jack.
“Then it will get washed this evening,” said Mrs. Crawley starting up the street dragging Jack behind her. “Yu ught t be my sn. I wuld teach yu right frm wrng. Least I can d right nw is t wash yur face. Are yu hungry?”
“Yes, Ma’am,” said the being dragged by.
When getting t her dr, Mrs. Crawley dragge Jack inside.
“Yu g t that sink and wash yur face, and I’m ging t fix us smething t eat. Yu’re hungry — r been hungry — t try t snatch my pack.” said the wman, turning Jack lse. He went t the sink.
“I wanted a pair f blue suede shes,” said Jack.
“Well, yu didn’t have t snatch my pack t get yur suede shes,” said Mrs. Crawley. “Yu culd have asked me.”
“Ma’am?”
The water dripping frm his face, Jack lked at her. There was a lng pause. A very lng pause.
Then supper was ready, with a bite f cakes cked fr each. Mrs. Crawley set the table.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She did nt ask Jack anything that wuld embarrass him as they ate.
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“Shes gt in that way will make yu uncmfrtable,” cntinued Ms. Crawley, ready t get her rest.
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2．阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I need t d smething in my cmmunity (社区) in rder t cmplete the cmmunity service hurs required t graduate frm high schl. Sme f my friends had signed up t spend time at a sup kitchen, s I did, t. It seemed like a gd thing t d.
I thught that we wuld just be passing ur dinners t thse in need, but I fund ut we wuld be ding everything frm preparing t serving the dinner. We began preparing the fd, frm mixing salad dressing t separating frzen meat. Much still needed t be dne befre dinner was served, but already utside the building many hmeless peple were gathering. It wasn’t until a cuple f hurs later that we pened the drs and began serving dinner.
As the line f peple came tward me, I gt a little scared. I’d cme face t face with the hmeless: Hw shuld I act? Hw wuld they treat me? Wuld they hate me fr having mre than they did? While sme f the peple lked very friendly, sme f them lked s dangerus, I didn’t have t much time t wrry abut it. I was assigned (分配) t serve the salad with the lady next t me. She smiled at me and said if I needed help, she’d be right there, which I fund quite cmfrting.
I had never seen s many peple wanting fd. They were f all ages and natinalities. Mst f them wre clthes that were trn and dirty. Sme lked like they had ttally given up n life, while thers seemed t be making the best f the situatin, smiling and jking. Sme were better ff than thers, but they all needed a gd meal and a warm place t eat. It saddened me t think f hw many peple there were wh didn’t have a place t call hme and the nly fd they gt came frm a sup kitchen.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As they came in my directin, I put n my brightest and happiest smile.
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I was s happy that I had earned my service hurs in this way.
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3．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last winter, Linda went thrugh a very messy divrce and was very depressed. S she quit her jb and left Ls Angeles, where she encuntered her ex-husband in cllege. She flew t Bstn n the east cast f the US. Later, she settled in a new neighbrhd in East Bstn. Hwever, shrtly afterwards, the cmpany where she wrked went bankrupt (破产). Suffering a series f bitter blws, she fell ill, a severe case f flu. She had t stay at hme fr the whle week, feeling extremely bad and hpeless.
Early ne mrning, Linda lay in bed, feeling painful all ver. Then all f a sudden, there was an upsetting knck n her frnt dr. Struggling ut f the bed, she dragged herself t the windw. There, utside, she saw a yung lady carefully hlding sme leaflets(传单)and a TV set mdel. She knew f a large TV set establishment nearby and assumed a message was abut t be gently delivered. “This is the last thing I need tday.” She muttered t herself and hesitantly pened the dr.
Cughing bitterly, Linda stuck her head ut. “Excuse me, madam…” the yung lady said with a smile. “I’m srry but I am nt the slightest bit interested in any TV whatever.” Linda interrupted her impatiently. “As a matter f fact, I am feeling terribly awful.” “Is there anything I can d fr yu, madam?” the yung lady asked with cncern. “N thanks, just leave me alne.” Linda then shut the dr in her face. The yung lady plitely turned and left in silence.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
A few hurs later, anther knck.
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Paragraph 2:
Linda was surprised by this lving actin.
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4．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jimmy Gilleece wns a bar in Wrightsville Beach, Nrth Carlina. He is a persn wh knew hw t lend a hand, but what peple arund him did nt knw was that this man was als capable f ging the extra mile just t help smene in need.
It was a regular day at his bar, which turned ut t be a day that wuld change his life frever. He fund ut that ne f his custmers had lst her wallet at the bar, and inside it was a precius thing: the lady’s wedding ring.
Jimmy instantly recgnized the wman’s panic. She wanted t get her wedding ring back. She was crazy, really upset abut it. And s, the bar wner made sure t prvide whatever help he culd t find the wman’s ring. He even made it his missin t find the wman’s wedding ring.
Then Jimmy’s missin began. In rder t find ut what exactly happened, Jimmy started a thrugh scan f the security cameras in his establishment. He watched three hurs’ wrth f security ftage frm six cameras, scanning every detail and clsely analyzing what happened that led t the lss f the wman’s wallet.
In ne f the recrded clips(片段), Jimmy finally saw that the wman lst her wallet n a bench utside the bar, with a suspicius man walking nearby. A few mments later, the man apprached the bench and tk the wman’s wallet.
S searching fr the thief was Jimmy’s next mve. It was nt enugh fr Jimmy t find ut what happened t the lst wallet. Nw that he had an image f the thief, the bar wner made it his next missin t search fr the guy and get the wallet back frm him.
Jimmy figured ut wh the guy was and made him admit what he did t the wallet. The thief admitted that he tk the cash and drpped the wallet int an cean channel. At this pint, mst peple wuld prbably stp and regretfully tell the lady that the wallet culdn’t be fund anymre.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But Jimmy was nt like mst peple.
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And indeed, Jimmy als extended help nt nly t the wman but als t the thief wh tk the wallet.
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5．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When Derek and Sphie’s daughter was brn, they understd that they wuld need a car. Befre, Sphie wuld walk her kids t schl, and Derek wuld take a bus t his wrkplace, but with a newbrn, Sphie culdn’t manage everything alne.
They bught a used car after a year f saving. The car was ld, and had ld leather (皮革) seats with hles in them. Sphie decided t clean the car befre they started using it. As she lifted the frnt seat, she discvered a letter hidden under it. She stpped and began reading it.
“Hi! Thanks fr buying this car. I knw yu might find it stupid, but please call it Julia. My daughter Emma had given it the name Julia,” the letter began.
“I had three kids, and we used t travel tgether with Julia. We lived happily until ne day when everything changed. My children and I were driving hme frm schl when we met with a terrible accident (车祸).
“I repaired Julia as a mement (纪念品) f my children and the happy times we shared. Hwever, ver time, I realized that it wuld be better t sell it because I culdn’t stp crying every time I lked at it. I have lked after it fr 30 years, and nw it’s yur turn. I may nt be alive when yu read this letter. Please take gd care f Julia. Lve, Marla Arnlds.”
Sphie’s eyes welled up as she finished reading the letter. She culd imagine the pain Marla must have felt as a mther, as she had lst her first child.
She decided t help the lady if she was still alive. She said t Derek, “Dn’t yu think we shuld help her? I mean, she must be ld and lnely. I feel terrible fr her.”
“I understand, Sphie. If yu want t d it, let’s give it a try. Let’s ask the plice abut it, kay?”
“Alright! I hpe the lady is safe and alive.”
Sphie asked the plice t help find Marla Arnlds. After a week, Sphie received a call frm the plice telling her that they had finally fund Mrs. Arnlds.
注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Sphie rushed t the address the plice had given her.
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But ne day, Marla passed away unexpectedly.
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参考答案
1．
She did nt ask Jack anything that wuld embarrass him as they ate. It seemed that silence surrunded the rm. Lwering his head with shame, Jack didn’t what t say but just tried t finish his meal as quickly as he culd. After a lng pause, Mrs. Crawley stpped eating, lking straight int his eyes and asking, “Culd yu please tell me why that pair f blue suede shes is imprtant t yu?”. “All the bys I knw have this pair f shes. I want ne.”, he answered in a lw vice with face flushing.
“Shes gt in that way will make yu uncmfrtable,” cntinued Ms. Crawley, ready t get her rest. “Remember get what yu want thrugh yur hard wrk and yu’ll feel prud. But getting what yu want by ding smething wrng will bring shame t yur life.”,Ms. Crawley patted his back gently. What made Jack amazed was that Ms. Crawley didn’t blame and punish him. She taught him an unfrgettable lessn. Tears f gratitude welled up in his eyes. He had made up his mind t be righteus man since then.
2．
As they came in my directin, I put n my brightest and happiest smile. Nervus as I felt, I did my best t keep myself calm and packed bread, salad and meat t thse in need. Upn nticing my hurried and trembling hands, the lady next t me smilingly tld me that I shuld first rganize these peple t queue up and then hand ut salad ne by ne. I immediately sprang int actin and the passing time witnessed the smth prcess f this event. Every ne f them including thse wh lked very dangerus murmured in a cheering vice “Thank yu” and bwed t me sincerely, which brught warmth straight int my heart. It was nt until the night wiped ut the last ray f sun that we finished ur cmmunity service fr the hmeless.
I was s happy that I had earned my service hurs in this way. I was aware that my time spent at the sup kitchen was really a rewarding, enriching and life-changing experience. Nt nly did I clear my previus prejudice against thse wh deserved cmpassin and supprt, but als I served the peple wh were less frtunate than me. In the meanwhile, I suddenly came t realize that nt everyne was blessed with frtune and brn t be wealthy, and therefre, we shuld always keep grateful fr what life blessed us with. I nw felt it a duty t d what I culd fr them. Since that day, I have spared mre time in ffering my service pprtunity in dining halls, in the streets, in frnt f grcery stres.
3．
A few hurs later, anther knck. Linda glanced ut f the windw. T her surprise, at the dr was the same lady, back again. Really annyed this time, Linda pened the dr. Befre Linda culd utter any wrd, the yung lady handed her a warm pt, with a cncerned lk n the face. “I’m s srry t have disturbed yu earlier. I thught yu may need this hmemade chicken sup. Hpe it might make yu feel a little better. ”
Linda was surprised by this lvely actin. After being refused s rudely, the lady still shwed much kindness t her. A sense f shame creeping upn her heart, she culd nly frce a smile with burning ears. But als, a warm current surged thrugh her brain and bdy. Linda tk the chicken sup gratefully, tears blurring her eyes and a lump in her thrat. The lady wrapped Linda in her arms and patted her n the back. “It’s OK, dear. Everything will be fine.” Hearing these wrds, Linda felt a ray f bright sunshine lighting up her life.
4．
But Jimmy was nt like mst peple. Unbelievable as it may seem, Jimmy went t greater lengths and hired divers t search the waters thrughly until they fund the lst wallet. He was indeed serius abut finding the wman’s wallet and making gd n his missin t find the ring. Inside it was the wedding ring that she badly wanted t recver. The wman thanked Jimmy greatly. But, the man smehw felt that he still had mre t d.
And indeed, Jimmy als extended help nt nly t the wman but als t the thief wh tk the wallet. The persn wh tk the wallet was a 17-year-ld teenager. The yung man was separated frm his mther and was living in the wds. He was desperate t survive as a hmeless persn when he fund the wallet that eventually led him t Jimmy. Jimmy didn’t hand him ver t the plice. Instead, he invited the teen t mve in with his family and made him part f his family. The teen was mved and he had nthing but gratitude fr the kind man, which inspired him t d better in life.
5．
Sphie rushed t the address the plice had given her. When she walked in, she discvered tw plicemen and an ld wman in the living rm. Sphie quickly walked t the elderly lady and asked, “Mrs. Arnlds ? Are yu kay?” Marla smiled and ndded, “Yu’re s kind, Sphie.” It turned ut that the plice had tld Marla hw Sphie fund her letter. After the plicemen left, Marla tld Sphie her whle stry. Sphie felt s bad fr the ld lady. Frm that day n, she visited Marla daily after taking her kids t schl and n weekends with her family.
But ne day, Marla passed away unexpectedly. Sphie later learned Marla had been seriusly ill. That was why Marla said in the letter that she might be dead by the time smene fund it. Hwever, Marla had left a will behind with her lawyer, giving all f her wealth t Sphie t thank her fr her kindness.