乌海市第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份乌海市第一中学2022-2023学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
If yu like tasting fd frm different cuntries, here are sme events yu shuldn’t miss in New Yrk City this year.
Chinatwn Restaurant Week, March 14—30
Varius meals will be ffered fr $18.88 per persn at participating Chinatwn restaurants such as Glden Unicrn, Nm Wah Tea Parlr, HK Wntn Garden, Ph Grand, Red Egg and Shanghai Gurmet. Peking Duck Huse will ffer a special at lunch nly.
Mre Inf:
Martini Week, March 15—30
Martini Week is a tw-week-lng celebratin f America’s prudest inventin. It will be held at 23 bars and restaurants acrss the twn. They’ll be ffering their wn unique specialities at lw prices. Chse frm places, including Ava lunge, Beaumarchais, Catch, Abe&Arthur’s Sns f Essex, Bunce Sprting Club, Aspen Scial, Revel, Rayuela, and mre.
Mre Inf:
Malaysian Restaurant Week, June 18—24
Malaysian restaurants will ffer varius $20.12 meals, while Asian-influenced restaurants will feature a special limited-time-nly menu inspired by the cuntry’s special flavurs. Participating restaurants include Fatty Crab, Mechelin-starred Laut, Penang and Spice Market.
Mre Inf:
Italian Restaurant Week, June 26—July 6
Celebrate New Yrk City’s fifth Italian Restaurant Week --the Italian Dine Out. The 11-dayevent will ffer special discunted lunch and dinner prices f $23 at New Yrk City’s mst authentic Italian restaurants. Spnsred by the Italian Trade Cmmissin, the Italian Dine Out ffers diners special 3-curse menus fr lunch and dinner.
Mre Inf:
Belgian Restaurant Week, July 21—28
This is yur chance t enjy tasty multi-curse meals and sme f the wrld’s finest beers. The Belgian restaurants in NY bring yu amazing cuisines and great beers during a week-lng celebratin f Belgian fd.
Mre Inf;
I’m sure yu’ll have a great time during the events. Remember: dn’t eat t much fr the sake f yur health.
1．T enjy an $18.88 supper during Chinatwn Restaurant Week, yu prbably shuld avid ging t _______.
A. Peking Duck HuseB. HK Wntn Garden
C. Glden UnicrnD. Nm Wah Tea Parlr
2．If yu lve eating at Michelin-starred Laut, yu’d mst prbably expect _______.
A. Martini WeekB. Italian Restaurant Week
C. Malaysian Restaurant WeekD. Chinatwn Restaurant Week
3．Which f the fllwing is a feature f the Belgian Restaurant Week?
A. Bringing yu free Chinese fd.
B. Prviding authentic Italian fd.
C. Having a special limited-time-nly menu.
D. Offering sme f the wrld’s finest beers.
Land Art smetimes referred t as Earth Art r Earthwrks, is a frm f art which invlves using physical landscapes t create art, taking art ut f the museum and int the utside wrld. Mdern Land Art mvement really gt ging in the1960s, when American artists began creating Land Art n a large scale (大规模地). Tday, wrks f mdern Land Art can be seen all ver the wrld, smetimes right alngside much lder pieces f Land Art created by peple wh lived thusands f years ag.
Land Art, which is nt necessarily unchangeable, can take a number f frms. Fr example, in 1970 Rbert Smithsn created the Spiral Jetty (螺旋状防波堤), made f a cllectin f stnes and mud, in the Great Salt Lake. The American artist made a large jetty in a spiral shape which sticks ut int the waters f the lake.
Reshaping the landscapes is a cmmn characteristic f Land Art, which can be created by mving parts arund. Peple can als add things t the envirnment t create Land Art, like salt, which added t the Spiral Jetty. It is pssible t use plants. In all case, Land Art is immvable.
Land Art is designed t gradually frm, change, and eventually decay (衰落). That’s ne f the biggest differences between Land Art and mst f the art ne sees in the museums. Sme wrks f art can exist nly fr a few hurs r days. Others are expsed t rain and wind s that they develp and decay ver time, which is part f the attractiveness in the eyes f the artists.
4．What can be learned frm the first paragraph?
A. Land Art was the mst ppular art in the 1960s.
B. Land Art aims t get peple interested in nature.
C. American artists were the first t create Land Art.
D. Peple have been creating Land Art fr thusands f years.
5．What d we knw abut Rbert Smithsn?
A. He was a great innvative artistB. He lived near the Great Salt Lake.
C. He made the mst famus Land ArtD. He was a pineer in creating Land Art.
6．One f the unique characteristics f Land Art is __________.
A. it shws the extreme beauty f nature
B. it develps and decays gradually ver time
C. it cmbines the landscapes arund cmpletely
D. it ffers the artists a chance t get clse t nature
7．What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Wrks f Land Art.B. Histry f Land Art.
C. Changes f Land Art.D. Intrductin f Land Art.
It seems we're always being tld t get mre sleep. Studies suggest spending less time n sleep can lead t besity(肥胖) and even cancer. Yu might even find yurself with a head full f false memries. But rarely des science explre the dark side f sleeping t much. That's because few f us in tday's busy wrld have the luck f explring that ptin.
In an August 2018 study, published in the Jurnal f the American Heart Assciatin, researchers researched the sleep patterns f thse “frtunate” few and fund they may nt be s lucky after all. In fact, they fund peple wh get mre than eight hurs f sleep have greater health risk cmpared t thse wh sleep tgether less than seven hurs. What's mre, sleep-ahlics-thse wh manage t get 10 hurs a night-stand a 30 percent higher chance f dying cmpared t the seven-hur crwd.
The wide-ranging glbal study invlved(涉及) mre than three millin peple wh self-reprted n their sleep habits and came t an eye-pening cnclusin: If yu tend t sleep a lt, yu may want t buy an alarm clck. As with all things in life, sleep is best taken in mderatin(适度).
Yu may be thinking: What if I nly sleep in n Saturday and Sunday, am I still at risk? The answer is yes, accrding t a 2019 study published in Current Bilgy. Researchers discvered that even if a persn sleeps mre than seven hurs n the weekends but still sleeps less than that n weeknights, they are at risk f gaining weight and develping sensitivity t insulin, which cntrls the level f sugar in bld.
Fr the study, 36 participants were divided int three grups that each had a different sleep schedule: nine hurs every night, five hurs every night, and five hurs frm Mnday t Friday and sleeping much n weekends. Peple wh get t much sleep tend t feel tired and lack energy. Als, bth sleep-deprived (睡眠不足的) grups cnsume mre fd and gain weight.
8．Why is the harmful effect f sleeping t much seldm studied?
A. Few peple have time t sleep t much.
B. Lack f sleep causes much mre harm.
C. It turns ut t be a healthy sleep pattern.
D. Peple's health has nthing t d with it.
9．What des the underlined wrds "thse 'frtunate' few" in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Thse leading a relaxing life.B. Thse getting t much sleep.
C. Thse with less time t sleep.D. Thse with n sleep prblems.
10．What can be learned frm the 2019 study?
A. Sleeping much is particularly beneficial t hungry peple.
B. Many peple sleep mre n weekends than n weekdays.
C. An alarm clck f high quality is imprtant fr gd sleep.
D. Peple wh sleep much nly n weekends als have health risk.
11．What is the main idea f the text?
A. It is necessary t save enugh time fr sleep.
B. T much sleep can result in gaining weight.
C. Sleeping t much des harm t peple's health.
D. Peple can avid sleeping much by eating healthily.
Where d yu keep ice? In die freezer, f curse. That’s what scientists might have thught when they were lking fr a safe place t stre ice frm muntain glaciers frm arund the wrld. They’ve decided t stre ice in Antarctica because glbal warming is causing sme f the glaciers in places like the Alps t melt.
Jerme Chappellaz f the French Natinal Centre fr Scientific Research is invlved in creating an ice vault (地下室) there. He says: “We are prbably the nly scientific cmmunity whse sample (样本) is in danger f disappearing frm the face f the planet. If yu wrk n rcks r n tree rings, the raw material is still here and will be fr many centuries.”
And why d scientists need t study ice frm the Alps, fr example? Ice frmed n the tp f a muntain is made f snw accumulated ver thusands f years. Trapped air bubbles (气泡) cntain samples f the atmsphere that existed when that ice was frmed. Ice is a recrd f climate. By examining ice, we knw carbn dixide in the atmsphere is higher nw than in the last three millin years. Researchers use this kind f data t build cmputer mdels and try t predict what might happen in the future.
The ice vault will be hused in a snw cave at the Cncrdia Research Statin, which is perated by scientists frm France and Italy. The ice samples will be sealed in bags and placed 10 meters belw the surface at a cnstant temperature f -50℃. This will put the scientists’ minds at rest. Lsing the ice samples wuld be a disaster, and nbdy wants t see a mine f scientific knwledge lst frever in a giant pl.
12．What makes Antarctica a safe place t stre ice?
A. Its large muntains.B. Its functin as a freezer.
C. The abundant ice samples there.D. The absence f glbal warming.
13．Jerme cmpares ice with rcks and tree rings t state that_ .
A. it’s necessary t stre iceB. it’s mre valuable t study ice
C. ice disappears very quicklyD. ice shuld be stred at hme
14．What is the researchers’ purpse f studying ice?
A. T learn abut climate.B. T learn abut the Alps.
C. T trap air bubbles.D. T reduce carbn dixide.
15．What d scientists think f string ice in Antarctica?
A. They cnsider it an easy jb.B. They’re nt ptimistic abut it.
C. They think it will cause disasters.D. They think it’s a reliable way.
二、七选五
16．Everyne has gals，whether small r big. ①______.The act f writing dwn yur gals plays an imprtant part in clsing it. Here’s hw t write dwn yur gals effectively and accmplish them.
1.Define(明确) yur gals
②______. But there are a few peple wh shape their lives accrding t their gals. Which categry are yu in nw? Which categry d yu want t be in? The chances are yu’re in the first grup. But the gd news is that if yu’re reading this article, yu’re prbably trying t make it t the secnd categry. Take sme time t sit dwn and reflect.
2.Lk at the details
Nw is when yu start t shrten the distance between where yu are nw and yur dreams. ③______. If yu want t land yur dream jb, think abut yur qualificatins. D yu need t take sme curses in rder t be a candidate fr the jb yu want？If yu already qualify，start applying fr it.
3. ④______
When setting gals，try t put things in a gd way. The gal setting that lacks enthusiasm and hpe is like sclding yurself fr nt ding better. Putting a psitive spin n the language yu use can make yu feel excited abut dealing with yur gals. Such attitude will make yu determined t reach yur future accmplishments.
Whatever yur gals are，the act f writing them dwn can have a significant influence n their utcme. ⑤______.
A. D use psitive language
B. Never say “n” t yur gals
C. Fetch a pen and get started nw
D. Mst peple are guided by their circumstances
E. Writing dwn yur gals is vital t achieve them
F. Map ut every step that yu need t take t attain the gals
G. But there’s a huge distance between having gals and achieving them
三、完形填空（20空）
Liz Wdward wrked as a waitress at the rute 130 diner in Delran, New Jersey. One Thursday mrning arund 5:30 am, she was ___1___ tw firefighters, Yung and Hullings. Quite ___2___, she heard that they had been up all night putting ut a ___3___ warehuse fire. It tk 12 hurs t get the fire under ___4___.
Liz decided t hnr these tw ___5___ by paying their bills and writing them a heartfelt ___6___ f gratitude(感谢). It read, “Yur breakfast is n me tday —thank yu fr all that yu d, fueled by fire and driven by ___7___. What an example yu are! Get sme rest!"
The simple act f ___8___ meant s much t the exhausted fire fighters. The firefighters were ___9___ deeply and thanked her befre leaving the ___10___.
T return the yung lady’s kindness, upn his arrival hme, Hullings psted a Facebk update t ___11___ his friends t g t eat at the diner, which was quickly ___12___ mre than 3,000 times.
___13___ it was nt until afterwards that they ___14___ Liz was really the ne that was in need. When they fund ut that Liz was trying t ___15___ mney fr her paralyzed father t get a wheelchair-accessible van(面包车),Yung psted with a ___16___ t a GFundMe page fr Liz’s dad. Then the supprt ___17___.
The ttal dnatins reached $60,000 and went beynd Liz’s wildest dreams. She had never ___18___ that her small gesture wuld, be paid in such a(n).___19___ way. “T be hnest, I’m truly.___20___ fr what they have dne fr me,” Liz Wdward said n Facebk.
17．A. callingB. appintingC. servingD. praising
18．A. by accidentB. in privateC. in publicD. by mistake
19．A. ptentialB. slightC. rareD. fierce
20．A. stressB. cntrlC. cnstructinD. guarantee
21．A. passengersB. fficersC. heresD. members
22．A. bkB. articleC. stryD. message
23．A. cautinB. curageC. cnfidenceD. curisity
24．A. kindnessB. satisfactinC. anxietyD. hnesty
25．A. disturbedB. attractedC. tuchedD. hurt
26．A. htelB. restaurantC. statinD. warebuse
27．A. helpB. frceC. cmmandD. urge
28．A. sharedB. cllectedC. examinedD. remved
29．A. ThusB. InsteadC. HweverD. Besides
30．A. agreedB. plannedC. regrettedD. realized
31．A. raiseB. dnateC. changeD. cunt
32．A. pictureB. linkC. nteD. click
33．A. gave utB. rlled inC. came inD. spread ut
34．A. prmisedB. dubtedC. expectedD. accepted
35．A. generusB. cnventinalC. apprpriateD. rapid
36．A. famusB. eagerC. fitD. grateful
四、短文填空
37．Many f us were raised with the saying “waste nt, want nt”. Nne f us, hwever, can ①______ (cmplete) avid waste in ur lives.
Any kind f waste is thughtless. Whether we waste ur ptential talents, ur wn time, ur ②______ (limit) natural resurces, ur mney ③______ ther peple’s time, each f us shuld becme mre aware and careful. The smallest gd habits can make a big difference. ④______ is a gd feeling t knw in ur hearts that we are ding ur best in a wrld that is in serius truble. By fcusing ⑤______ saving il, water, paper, fd and clthing, we are playing a part in ⑥______ (cut) dwn n waste. We must keep reminding urselves that it is ⑦______ (easy) t get int smething than it is ⑧______ (get) ut f it. Actually, severe damage ⑨______ (d) t ur land recently in the histry f ur evlutin. It’s time fr us t say n t waste s that ur descendants (后代) ⑩______ (be) able t develp well. We can’t slve all the prblems f waste, but we can encurage mindfulness (察觉).
五、短文改错
38．以下短文中共有10出处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词：
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My list f favrite bks are lng. I read a lt and I just keep finding new favrites. In my family, we ften talk abut the bks we are reading and passing arund ur favrites. It benefits a whle family.
I discvered hw share favrite bks can help strength a friendship lng ag. When I was a kid, my friend Liz became very sicker and was ging t miss a lt f schl. I fill a big bag with sme f my favrite bks fr her read. She never frgt that. Tday, she lives thusand f miles away frm me, but she smetimes e-mails with me abut the bks she is reading.
六、书面表达
39．在过去的几年中，我们已经目睹了人类活动引起的各种灾害。作为一名中学生，请你写一封倡议书，呼吁大家关注这些自然灾害并保护环境，内容包括：
1. 举出人类活动引发的灾害的实例；
2. 提出一些必要的防范措施；
3. 发出倡议，号召大家行动起来拯救地球。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
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参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Chinatwn Restaurant Week部分的“Varius meals will be ffered fr $18.88 per persn at participating Chinatwn restaurants such as Glden Unicrn, Nm Wah Tea Parlr, HK Wntn Garden, Ph Grand, Red Egg and Shanghai Gurmet. Peking Duck Huse will ffer a special at lunch nly. (在Glden Unicrn、Nm Wah Tea Parlr、HK Wntn Garden、Ph Grand、Red Egg和Shanghai Gurmet等参与活动的唐人街餐厅将提供每人18.88美元的各种餐点。北京烤鸭店只提供午餐特色菜)”可知，北京烤鸭店只提供午餐特色菜，所以想要享受一顿18.88美元的晚餐，你可能应该避免去北京烤鸭店。故选A。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Malaysian Restaurant Week部分的“Participating restaurants include Fatty Crab, Mechelin-starred Laut, Penang and Spice Market.(参与活动的餐厅包括Fatty Crab、米其林星级餐厅Laut、Penang和Spice Market)”可知，如果你喜欢在米其林星级餐厅Laut吃饭，你最可能期待Malaysian Restaurant Week。故选C。
3．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Belgian Restaurant Week部分的“This is yur chance t enjy tasty multi-curse meals and sme f the wrld’s finest beers. (在为期一周的比利时美食庆祝活动中，纽约的比利时餐厅为您带来令人惊叹的美食和美味的啤酒)”可知，Belgian Restaurant Week的特色是提供一些世界上最好的啤酒。故选D。
4．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Tday, wrks f mdern Land Art can be seen all ver the wrld, smetimes right alngside much lder pieces f Land Art created by peple wh lived thusands f years ag.(今天，世界各地都可以看到现代地景艺术作品，有时甚至可以看到数千年前人们创作的古老地景艺术作品)”可知，地景艺术的存在有几千年的历史了。故选D。
5．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“Fr example, in 1970 Rbert Smithsn created the Spiral Jetty (螺旋状防波堤), made f a cllectin f stnes and mud, in the Great Salt Lake.(例如，1970年Rbert Smithsn创建了由石头和泥土组成螺旋状防波堤，位于大盐湖)”可知，Rbert Smithsn是美国一位非常有创造力的艺术家。故选A。
6．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由文章最后一句“Others are expsed t rain and wind s that they develp and decay ver time, which is part f the attractiveness in the eyes f the artists.(另一些则暴露在风雨中，因此它们会随着时间的推移而发展和衰退，这是艺术家眼中的吸引力的一部分)”可知，地景艺术的独特之处是会随着时间的推移而发展和衰败。故选B。
7．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容，尤其第一段的“Land Art, smetimes referred t as Earth Art r Earthwrks, is a frm f art which invlves using physical landscapes t create art, taking art ut f the museum and int the utside wrld.(地景艺术，有时被称为大地艺术或土方工程，是一种艺术形式，包括利用自然景观创造艺术，将艺术带出博物馆，进入外部世界)”可知，本文主要介绍了地景艺术。故选D。
8．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第4句和第5句：But rarely des science explre the dark side f sleeping t much. That's because few f us in tday's busy wrld have the luck f explring that ptin.可知，在如今忙碌的社会很少有人会有时间睡太多，所以睡眠过多对人体的危害很少被研究。故选A项。
9．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。在句中的that/thse一般指代前文提及内容，根据本句所在位置，可定位至第一段“That's because few f us in tday's busy wrld have the luck f explring that ptin.（这是因为在当今这个繁忙的世界上，很少有人有机会探索这种选择。”及第二段提及的“…they may nt be s lucky after all. In fact，they fund peple wh get mre than eight hurs f sleep have greater health risk（他们可能根本就没有那么幸运。事实上，他们发现睡眠超过8小时的人有更大的健康风险）”可推断，划线部分指代“睡眠时间太长的人”。故选B项。
10．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段Researchers discvered that even if a persn sleeps mre than seven hurs n the weekends but still sleeps less than that n weeknights, they are at risk f gaining weight and develping sensitivity t insulin, which cntrls the level f sugar in bld.（研究人员发现，即使一个人在周末的睡眠时间超过7个小时，但仍然比工作日晚上的睡眠时间少，他们也有体重增加和对控制血糖水平的胰岛素敏感的风险。）可知，只有周末睡得多的人也会面临健康风险。故选D项。
11．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。文章结构为总分结构，第一段总起提出话题：But rarely des science explre the dark side f sleeping t much.可知文章主要介绍了睡眠过多会对身体造成一定程度的伤害。故选C项。
12．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Where d yu keep ice? In die freezer, f curse. That’s what scientists might have thught when they were lking fr a safe place t stre ice frm muntain glaciers frm arund the wrld. They’ve decided t stre ice in Antarctica because glbal warming is causing sme f the glaciers in places like the Alps t melt.(你把冰放在哪里？当然是在冷柜里。当科学家们在寻找一个安全的地方来储存来自世界各地的高山冰川的冰时，他们可能会这么想。他们决定在南极洲储存冰，因为全球变暖导致阿尔卑斯山等地的一些冰川融化)”可推知，南极洲作为冰柜的功能使它成为一个储存冰的安全地方。故选B。
13．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Trapped air bubbles (气泡) cntain samples f the atmsphere that existed when that ice was frmed. Ice is a recrd f climate. By examining ice, we knw carbn dixide in the atmsphere is higher nw than in the last three millin years. Researchers use this kind f data t build cmputer mdels and try t predict what might happen in the future.(被困住的气泡中含有冰形成时存在的大气样本。冰是气候的记录。通过对冰的研究，我们知道现在大气中的二氧化碳含量比过去300万年要高。研究人员利用这类数据建立计算机模型，并试图预测未来可能发生的事情)”可知，研究冰块，我们可以了解很多过去的事情，并预测未来的事情。由此推知，杰罗姆将冰与岩石和树木年轮进行比较，说明储存冰是必要的。故选A。
14．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Trapped air bubbles (气泡) cntain samples f the atmsphere that existed when that ice was frmed. Ice is a recrd f climate. By examining ice, we knw carbn dixide in the atmsphere is higher nw than in the last three millin years. (被困住的气泡中含有冰形成时存在的大气样本。冰是气候的记录。通过对冰的研究，我们知道现在大气中的二氧化碳含量比过去300万年要高)”可推知，研究人员研究冰的目的是了解气候。故选A。
15．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“erme Chappellaz f the French Natinal Centre fr Scientific Research is invlved in creating an ice vault (地下室) there.(法国国家科学研究中心的杰罗姆·查佩拉兹参与了在那里建造冰窖的工作)”可知，科学家正在考虑在南极洲建立一个地下室来储存冰块。由此推知，科学家们认为在南极洲储存冰是一种可靠的方法。故选D。
16．答案：GDFAC
解析：①根据空格前“Everyne has gals，whether small r big.”每个人都有目标，无论目标大小，G项的but表示转折，仅仅有目标是不够的，有目标和实现目标之间有很大距离，同时引出了下文介绍的有效写下目标并且实现目标的方法，故选G。
②根据空格后“But there are a few peple wh shape their lives accrding t their gals.”但是有一些人根据目标形成自己的生活。可以得知前面对比另一些人的情况。D项中的mst peple 和a few peple 形成对比。故选D（大多数人受环境的影响）。
③根据空格前“Nw is when yu start t shrten the distance between where yu are nw and yur dreams.”现在是你开始缩短现状和梦想距离的时候。下面建议，绘制出获得目标所需要的每一步。故选F。
④本空位于小标题位置，根据下文When setting gals，try t put things in a gd way.以及Putting a psitive spin n the language yu use can make yu feel excited abut dealing with yur gals.，得知，设定目标时，尽量用好的方式来书写事物，语言中多用积极的词汇。所以建议我们使用积极的语言。故选A。
⑤根据空格前“Whatever yur gals are，the act f writing them dwn can have a significant influence n their utcme.”得知，无论你有什么目标，写下它们的行动就可以对结果有很大影响。the act f writing them dwn和Fetch a pen 是对“写下目标”的相近表达，建议我们拿起笔现在就开始。故选C。
17．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个周四的早上5点半左右，她在为两名消防员服务，他们是Yung 和Hullings。A. calling呼喊；B. appinting任命；C. serving服务；D. praising赞美。根据上文的“Liz Wdward wrked as a waitress at the rute 130 diner in Delran, New Jersey.”可知，她在餐馆为两名消防员服务。故选C项。
18．答案：A
解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意：非常偶然的是，她听说他们通宵扑灭一场猛烈的仓库大火。A. by accident偶然；B. in private私下地；C. in public公开地；D. by mistake错误地。根据上文的“One Thursday mrning arund 5:30 am, she firefighters, Yung and Hullings.”可知，她在餐馆为两名消防员服务的时候偶然听到了他们通宵灭火的事情。故选A项。
19．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：非常偶然的是，她听说他们通宵扑灭一场猛烈的仓库大火。A. ptential潜在的；B. slight轻微的；C. rare稀有的；D. fierce凶猛的。根据本句中的“they had been up all night putting ut fire”及下文的“It tk 12 hurs t get the fire under...”可知，火势非常猛烈。故选D项。
20．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：花了12个小时才把火势控制住。A.stress压力；B. cntrl控制；C. cnstructin建设；D. guarantee保证。根据上文的“she heard that they had been up all night putting ut fire.”可知，他们最后控制住了火灾。故选B项。
21．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：感动之至，Liz决定拿起这两位英雄的账单，给他们写一封衷心的感谢信，以此向他们致敬。A. passengers乘客；B. fficers军官；C. heres 英雄；D. members成员。根据上文的“they had been up all night putting ut fire. It tk 12 hurs t get the fire under...”可知，二位消防员不辞辛劳扑灭火灾，他们称得上是英雄。故选C项。
22．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：感动之至，Liz决定拿起这两位英雄的账单，给他们写一封衷心的感谢信，以此向他们致敬。A. bk书；B. article文章；C. stry故事；D. message消息。根据下文的“It read, “Yur breakfast is n me tday—thank yu fr all that yu d, fueled by fire and driven by... What an example yu are! Get sme rest!””可知，Liz给二位消防员写的是感谢信，message f gratitude：感谢信。故选D项。
23．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：上面写着：“今天你们的早餐我请客—感谢你们所做的一切，在火焰的推动下，在勇气的驱使下。” A. cautin小心；B. curage勇气；C. cnfidence信心；D. curisity好奇。根据上文的“they had been up all night putting ut fire”和“It tk 12 hurs t get the fire under...”可知，火势非常猛烈，但是他们能够最终扑灭火灾说明了他们以勇气为动力去与火灾搏斗。故选B项。
24．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个简单的善举对筋疲力尽的消防员意义重大。A. kindness善意；B. satisfactin满意；C. anxiety焦虑；D. hnesty诚实。根据上文的It read, “Yur breakfast is n me tday—thank yu fr all that yu d”可知，Liz是在通过自己的能力回馈消防员的辛劳，这是充满善意的举动，下文的“T return the yung lady’s kindness”也是提示。故选A项。
25．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：消防队员们很是感动，感谢她之后离开了餐馆。A. disturbed扰乱；B. attracted吸引；C. tuched使感动；D. hurt伤害。根据上文的“The simple act s much t the exhausted fire fighters.”及本句的“The firefighters and thanked her”可知，消防员对Liz的举动很是感激。故选C项。
26．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：消防队员们很是感动，感谢她之后离开了餐馆。A. htel酒店；B. restaurant餐馆；C. statin车站；D. warebuse仓库。根据下文“T return the yung lady’s kindness, upn his arrival hme, Hullings psted a Facebk update”可知，消防队员们很是感动，感谢了她之后离开了餐馆。故选B项。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了回报这位年轻女士的好意，Hullings一到家就在Facebk上更新了一条信息，敦促他的朋友们去这家餐厅吃饭，这条信息很快就被分享了3000多次。A. help帮助；B. frce强迫；C. cmmand命令；D. urge敦促。根据上文的“T return the yung lady’s kindness”可知，Hullings敦促他的朋友们去这家餐厅吃饭。故选D项。
28．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了回报这位年轻女士的好意，Hullings一到家就在Facebk上更新了一条信息，敦促他的朋友们去这家餐厅吃饭，这条信息很快就被分享了3000多次。A. shared分享；B. cllected收集；C. examined检查；D. remved去掉。根据上文的“Hullings psted a Facebk update friends t g t eat at the diner”可知，Hullings在Facebk上发布的信息自然是会被分享的。故选A项。
29．答案：C
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到后来他们才意识到Liz才是真正需要帮助的人。A. Thus因此；B. Instead反而；C. Hwever然而；D. Besides此外。文中表示转折关系。根据上文的“Yur breakfast is n me tday—thank yu fr all that yu d”和下文的“Liz was really the ne that was in need”可知，它们构成了转折关系。故选C项。
30．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到后来他们才意识到Liz才是真正需要帮助的人。A. agreed同意；B. planned计划；C. regretted后悔；D. realized意识到。根据下文的“When they fund ut that Liz was trying fr her paralyzed father t get a wheelchair-accessible van.”可知，人们发现Liz才是真正需要帮助的人。故选A项。
31．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们发现Liz正试图为她瘫痪的父亲筹集资金来买一辆可以坐轮椅的面包车时，Yung贴出了一个链接，链接到Liz父亲的GFundMe页面。A. raise筹集；B. dnate捐赠；C. change改变；D. cunt数数。根据下文的“The ttal dnatins reached $60,000 and went beynd Liz’s wildest dreams.”可知，Liz正在为父亲筹钱买一辆可以坐轮椅的面包车。故选A项。
32．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们发现Liz正试图为她瘫痪的父亲筹集资金来买一辆可以坐轮椅的面包车时，Yung贴出了一个链接，链接到Liz父亲的GFundMe页面，支持就滚滚而来。A. picture照片；B. link链接；C. nte笔记；D. click单击。根据本句子中的“t a GFundMe page fr Liz’s dad”可知，Yung贴出了一个链接，呼吁大家捐款。故选B项。
33．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：支持就滚滚而来。A. gave ut分发；B. rlled in滚滚而来；C. came in进入；D. spread ut展开。根据下文的“The ttal dnatins reached $60,000 and went beynd Liz’s wildest dreams.”可知，人们踊跃捐款，即支持滚滚而来。故选B项。
34．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从来没有想到她的小小举动会得到如此慷慨的回报。A. prmised许诺；B. dubted怀疑；C. expected预料；D. accepted接受。根据上文的“The ttal dnatins reached $60,000 and went beynd Liz’s wildest dreams.”可知，她得到了如此慷慨的回报，这是始料未及的事情。故选C项。
35．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她从来没有想到她的小小举动会得到如此慷慨的回报。A. generus慷慨的；B. cnventinal传统的；C. apprpriate适合的；D. rapid迅速的。根据上文的“The ttal dnatins reached $60,000 and went beynd Liz’s wildest dreams.”可知，大家踊跃捐款，Liz得到了慷慨的回报。故选A项。
36．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Liz Wdward在脸书上说，“说实话，我真的很感激他们为我所做的一切”。A. famus著名的；B. eager渴望的；C. fit适合的；D. grateful感谢的。根据上文的“The ttal dnatins reached $60,000 and went beynd Liz’s wildest dreams. She had her small gesture wuld, be paid in such a(n)”可知，Liz的一个小举动给自己带来了很大的帮助，因此心存感激。故选D项。
37．答案：cmpletely；limited；r；It；n；cutting；easier；t get ；has been dne ；will be
解析：①考查副词。句意：然而，没有人能在生活中完全避免浪费。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词avid，故填cmpletely。
②考查形容词。句意：无论我们是在浪费我们潜在才能，我们自己的时间，我们有限的自然资源，我们的钱还是别人的时间，我们每个人都应该更加意识到和小心。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词resurces，需要的词义为“有限的”，故填limited。
③考查固定搭配。句意：无论我们是在浪费我们潜在的才能，我们自己的时间，我们有限的自然资源，我们的钱还是别人的时间，我们每个人都应该更加意识到和小心。此处是固定短语：不管……还是……，故填r。
④考查形式主语。句意：这是一种很好的感觉，知道在我们心中，我们正在尽我们最大的努力在一个世界是在严重的麻烦。此处为形式主语it代替后面的不定式。故填It。
⑤考查固定短语。句意：通过注重节约油、水、纸、食物和衣服，我们正在为减少浪费发挥作用。此处为固定短语fcus n(关注)，故填n。
⑥考查动名词。句意：通过注重节约油、水、纸、食物和衣服，我们正在为减少浪费发挥作用。动名词作介词in的宾语，故填cutting。
⑦考查形容词比较级。句意：我们必须不断提醒自己，投入一件事要比摆脱它容易。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作为句子表语，再由下文的than判断为比较级，故填easier。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：我们必须不断提醒自己，投入一件事要比摆脱它容易。分析句子结构可知，固定句型It is +形容词+t d，故填t get。
⑨考查时态和语态。句意：事实上，对我们的土地造成的严重破坏在我们的进化史上是最近才发生的。 recent与现在完成时连用，damage和d为被动关系，使用现在完成时的被动语态，故填has been dne。
⑩考查时态。句意：现在是我们对浪费说不的时候了，这样我们的后代才能发展得更好。根据句意可知，“后代会发展更好”应该用一般将来时，故填will be。
Dear friends,
38．答案：
My list f favrite bks lng. I read a lt and I just keep finding new favrites. In my family, we ften talk abut the bks we are reading and arund ur favrites. It benefits whle family.
I discvered hw favrite bks can help a friendship lng ag. When I was a kid, my friend Liz became very and was ging t miss a lt f schl. I a big bag with sme f my favrite bks fr her read. She never frgt that. Tday, she lives f miles away frm me, but she smetimes e-mails me abut the bks she is reading.
解析：1.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我最喜欢的书的清单很长。文章主时态是一般现在时，主语list是第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故将are改为is。
2.考查动词时态。句意：在我的家里，我们经常谈论我们正在读的书，并传递我们最喜欢的书。pass和“talk abut”为并列的主句谓语，结合时间状语ften可知，使用一般现在时，主语为we，谓语动词用原形。故将passing改为pass。
3.考查冠词。句意：它使整个家庭受益。此处特指作者的“整个家庭”，需用定冠词the修饰。故将a改为the。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：很久以前，我就发现分享最喜欢的书可以帮助加强友谊。hw引导的宾语从句中，需用动名词短语sharing favrite bks作主语。故将share改为sharing。
5.考查动词。很久以前，我就发现分享最喜欢的书可以帮助加强友谊。help (t) d sth.为固定短语，意为“帮助做某事”，此处为省略t的动词不定式，因此应用名词strength对应的动词strengthen“增强”。故将strength改为strengthen。
6.考查形容词。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的朋友莉斯病得很重，会缺很多课。becme是系动词，后面需加形容词“生病的”作表语，sick意为“生病的”符合题意；sicker是名词，表示“生病的人”。故将sicker改为sick。
7.考查动词时态。句意：我用一个大袋子装了一些我最喜欢的书给她读。此处陈述过去发生的事情，谓语动词fill使用一般过去时。故将fill改为filled。
8.考查非谓语动词。我用一个大袋子装了一些我最喜欢的书给她读。分析可知，此处read应用不定式形式，构成不定式复合结构fr sb. t d sth.作状语。故在read前面加t。
9.考查数词。句意：今天，她住在离我几千英里远的地方，但她有时会给我发电子邮件，告诉我她正在读的书。thusands f是固定搭配，表示“成千上万的”。故将thusand改为thusands。
10.考查介词。句意同上。e-mail sb.表示“给某人发邮件”，不需要加介词with。故将with去掉。
39．答案：
Dear friends,
As we all knw, ver the past years, flrs, drughts and sandstrms have happened frequently. Nt lng ag, a heavy sandstrm swept Beijing, which caused enrmus damage. S it is high time that we made every effrt t save ur planet.
Abve all, plant trees as many as pssible, especially in the arid areas. At the same time, we shuld stp destrying frests in large amunts. And we can save ur planet thrugh many ther ways, such as saving water and using recycled paper.
S dn’t hesitate t act ut these measures. Even a small actin is meaningful t ur planet. If yu are willing t d smething t save ur planet, please start frm the little thing right arund yu. Thank yu!
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封倡议书，呼吁大家关注这些自然灾害并保护环境，举出人类活动引发的灾害的实例、 提出一些必要的防范措施、并发出倡议，号召大家行动起来拯救地球。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
频繁地：frequently→cntinually
拯救：save→rescue
有意义的：meaningful→significative
同时：at the same time→in the meantime
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：And we can save ur planet thrugh many ther ways, such as saving water and using recycled paper.
拓展句：And we can save ur planet thrugh many ther ways, which include saving water and using recycled paper.
【高分句型1】As we all knw, ver the past years, flrs, drughts and sandstrms have happened frequently. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Nt lng ag, a heavy sandstrm swept Beijing, which caused enrmus damage. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)