2025版高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第四册Unit1ScienceFiction提能训练

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第四册Unit1ScienceFiction提能训练，共11页。试卷主要包含了A.transfrm B，A.acted B等内容，欢迎下载使用。

A
(2024·深圳市二调)
Frm cttages surrunded by impressive gardens t days spent explring sandy beaches and deep wds filled with wildlife, in My Family and Other Animals, English writer Gerald Durrell prvided a vivid accunt f his family's time n the Greek island f Crfu in the 1930s.
Cme fr the arresting descriptins f Crfu landscapes and stay fr Durrell's laugh-ut-lud tales f his unusual family.This bk, Durrell wrte humrusly in the intrductin, “was intended t be a nstalgic (怀旧的) accunt f natural histry, but in the first few pages, I made the mistake f intrducing my family.”
Durrell, later knwn fr his z keeping and the preservatin f wildlife, was just a child during his family's five-year stay in Crfu.He is 10-year-ld Gerry in the bk—curius, passinate abut animals and a detailed stryteller f his strange family: his imaginative elder brther Larry with his literary ambitins, lvestruck sister Marg, sprty brther Leslie and his ever-calm, lving mther.
Durrell's attentin t detail is what makes the bk s winning, with every sight, sund and smell f the island brught t life.One minute yu'll be laughing as Larry's clever literary friends walk dwn t the daffdil-yellw cttage, the next yu'll be catching yur breath as Durrell describes swimming at night in the Inian Sea：“Lying n my back in the silky water, staring at the sky, nly mving my hands and feet slightly, I was lking at the Milky Way stretching like a silk scarf acrss the sky and wndering hw many stars it cntained.”
My Family and Other Animals is quite difficult t classify, being ne part travel, ne part autbigraphy, ne part natural histry, and ne part cmedy, with a thread f descriptive language running thrughut that smetimes raises it nearly t petry.
As a real delight t read, it's the perfect literary escapism fr any adult r lder teenager wh is currently walking dwn a tugh rad in life.
语篇导读：本文是一篇书评。主要介绍了英国作家杰拉尔德·达雷尔的《我的家人和其他动物》这本书的内容、特点以及对这本书的评价等。
1．Which wrd best describes Durrell's life in Crfu？ D
A．Risky. B．Busy.
C．Tugh. D．Diverse.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Frm cttages surrunded by impressive gardens t days spent explring sandy beaches and deep wds filled with wildlife...”可知，达雷尔在科孚岛上的生活丰富多彩。故选D。
2．What des the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 2？ C
A．I intrduced my family by mistake.
B．I shuldn't have intrduced my family.
C．I culdn't help intrducing my family.
D．I gave wrng infrmatin abut my family.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段画线部分所在句“This bk, Durrell wrte humrusly in the intrductin, ‘was intended t be a nstalgic accunt f natural histry, but in the first few pages, I made the mistake f intrducing my family.’”可知，这本书原本是一本关于自然历史的怀旧书，但在开头几页，达雷尔却介绍了自己的家人，再根据本段首句的 his unusual family 可知，达雷尔情不自禁地介绍了家人。故选C。
3．What are Paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly abut？ A
A．The bk's writing feature.
B．Durrell's rich imaginatin.
C．Sme interesting plts f the bk.
D．Sme vivid descriptins f the island.
解析：主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“Durrell's attentin t detail is what makes the bk s winning, with every sight, sund and smell f the island brught t life.”和第五段的内容可知，这两段主要介绍了本书的写作特点。故选A。
4．What is the purpse f this text？ B
A．T share an experience.
B．T recmmend a bk.
C．T intrduce a writing style.
D．T describe an unusual place.
解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段“As a real delight t read, it's the perfect literary escapism fr any adult r lder teenager wh is currently walking dwn a tugh rad in life.”可知，本文的目的就是推荐这本书。故选B。
B
(2024·苏锡常镇调研)
N pverty, zer hunger, quality educatin, these are sme f the 17 Sustainable Develpment Gals(SDGs) the United Natins (U.N.) established in 2015.In April 2019, the U．N.launched the SDG Bk Club; each mnth, it psts n the club website a selectin f bks that illustrate a particular SDG t help yung peple interact with these gals.
Batesville Intermediate Schl launched the Junir Ambassadrs(大使) prgram in August 2019, using the SDG Bk Club as a springbard t intrduce students t a mre glbal view n wrld issues.Twenty-fur 4th and 5th graders met fr 30 minutes fur days a week t read, discuss, research, and cnduct the sharing f knwledge and slutins t these issues.Research activities, special prjects, and guest speakers are additinal pprtunities fr junir ambassadrs t build knwledge.What began as a desire t help small-twn children expand their views grew int a brader prgram that affected the schl, cmmunity, and beynd.
The U．N.'s recmmendatin f Serafina's Prmise by Ann E．Burg was perfect fr the junir ambassadrs t begin their study f the first SDG: n pverty.The bk is set in Haiti, s members f lcal Haitian grups were invited t speak t the prgram participants.Then, the junir ambassadrs used their new-fund knwledge t create multimedia lessns, sharing them with the ther 480 students.
The study f the secnd SDG—zer hunger—gave junir ambassadrs an pprtunity t rganize and carry ut a read-a-thn (a reading marathn) t raise funds fr the Grain f Rice Prject's schl initiative in Kenya.The nn-prfit's c-funder, Amy Ahiga spke t and inspired the students with her passin fr helping thers.
Junir ambassadrs use what they learn t engage with their cmmunity and the wrld, earning the schl the American Library Assciatin's 2020 Sara Jaffarian Schl Library Prgram Award fr Excellence in Humanities Prgramming.They can lk back with pride, knwing they made a difference.With increased cnfidence and skills, these children will knw that they can and will cntinue t save the wrld—ne gal at a time.
语篇导读：本文主要介绍的是美国一所小学推出的“青少年大使者”项目。该项目通过联合国可持续发展目标读书会的推荐书籍，引导孩子们了解和关注世界问题，以此来推动可持续发展目标的实现。
5．What des the SDG Bk Club d？ D
A．Teach reading techniques.
B．Prvide quality educatin.
C．Address glbal cnflicts.
D．Recmmend selected bks.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“each mnth, it psts n the club website a selectin f bks that illustrate a particular SDG t help yung peple interact with these gals”可知，这个图书俱乐部每月会在其网站上发布一些书目，以帮助年轻人和联合国的17个可持续发展目标(SDGs)互动，所以其活动是推荐选定的书目。故选D。
6．What was the initial aim f launching the Junir Ambassadrs prgram？ A
A．T braden children's hrizns.
B．T mtivate children t set gals.
C．T stress the imprtance f reading.
D．T make an impact n the cmmunity.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“t intrduce students t a mre glbal view n wrld issues”以及“help small-twn children expand their views”可知，“青少年大使者”项目让学生对世界问题有全球性视野，让小城镇的孩子们也能扩展他们的视野。由此可知，该项目最初的目的是拓宽孩子们的视野。故选A。
7．What is the similarity in the study f the first and secnd SDG？ B
A．Multimedia lessns were created.
B．Guest speakers cncerned were invited.
C．Students were inspired t raise funds.
D．Junir ambassadrs rganized read-a-thns.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三、四段内容可知，第一个可持续发展目标邀请了海地当地团体的成员和项目参与者交谈，青少年大使们用学到的知识创建多媒体课程，并和别的学生分享；第二个可持续发展目标给了青少年大使们组织和开展阅读马拉松的机会，为肯尼亚的米粒项目筹集资金，该地区非营利组织的联合创始人和学生们交流并鼓励他们。由此可知，两个目标的共同点是邀请了相关的特邀发言人。故选B。
8．Which f the fllwing can be the mst suitable title f the passage？ B
A．Earning an Award frm Reading
B．Wrking Tward a Sustainable Wrld
C．Establishing a Platfrm t Share Viewpints
D．Prviding a Springbard fr Future Life
解析：标题归纳题。整篇文章讨论了如何通过可持续发展目标读书会和“青少年大 使 者”项目来推动可持续发展目标的实现。文章提到了三个目标：无贫困、零饥饿和优质教育。文中描述了这些目标是如何通过阅读和社区参与来实现的。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·南通市一调)
At 20, I was scared and lnely.My laptp was filled with the beginning f nvels, half-finished sng lyrics (歌词)—things I'd started with teenage 1.C nly t be disappinted by my lack f creativity.I was 2.B in trying t find a new way t apprach life, with n ne t 3.C me in the right directin.
One Saturday, I went t a training day fr my schl's new jurnalism team.The teacher suggested I start a blg as a gd way t get int 4.D .Bred and in need f a 5.A , I immediately set up a Blgger accunt.
As I typed pst after pst in the mnths that fllwed, I assumed I wuld run ut f 6.A .But smehw writing abut the news and later abut 7.B , came easily.Here was smething interesting that required nly a laptp and an 8.A .I lved the research that went int each pst, lved being able t 9.D what interested me and lved finding just the right phrase t describe hw I 10.B .I fund smething I was gd at and mre imprtantly, smething I 11.D .
I kept psting and slwly I gt better.I 12.A , edited and even learned hw t emply a metaphr.It wasn't lng until my mind was made up: I was ging t be a(n) 13.C .Seven years later, I am.Having just cmpleted a fantastic placement (实习工作) in a lcal newspaper, I have never been s 14.D t my yunger self fr actually listening t the ne piece f advice that turned ut t 15.A mst.
语篇导读：文章讲述了作者20岁时想尝试一种新的生活方式，但是无人指点，后来作者听从了老师让自己写博客的建议，从而发现了自己擅长和喜欢的事，从此作者不再孤单和害怕，找到了人生目标。
1．A.cnfusin B．maturity
C．enthusiasm D．inncence
解析：句意：我的笔记本电脑里装满了小说的开头，还有写了一半的歌词——这些都是我带着青春期的热情开始做的事情，结果却因为缺乏创造力而失望。根据句意并结合常识可知，小说和歌词等都是作者带着青春期的热情做的事。enthusiasm意为“热情”，符合语境。cnfusin 混乱； maturity 成熟； inncence 清白。故选C。
2．A.praised B．stuck
C．tricked D．punished
解析：根据后文“with n ne t 3 me in the right directin”可知，作者尝试寻找一种新的生活方式，但是无人指点，所以是被困住了。stick 意为“卡住”， be stuck 意为“困(于)”，符合语境。praise 表扬； trick 欺骗； punish处罚。故选B。
3．A.defend B．frce
C．pint D．jin
解析：根据前文“I was 2 in trying t find a new way t apprach life”可知，作者在尝试寻找一种新的生活方式时，结合空后的 in the right directin 可知，此处是指没有人给作者指引正确的方向。pint意为“指引”，符合语境。defend保护；frce 强迫； jin 参加。故选C。
4．A.scializing B．advertising
C．debating D．writing
解析：根据第三段中的“But smehw writing abut the news and...”可知，此处是指写博客是开始写作的好方法。writing 意为“写作”，符合语境。scialize 交际； advertise做广告； debate讨论。故选D。
5．A.prject B．curse
C．tur D．budget
解析：句意：由于感到无聊和需要一个项目，我立即开通了一个博客账户。根据第一段第三句中的“I was 2 in trying t find a new way t apprach life”和第二段第一句可知，作者在尝试寻找一种新的生活方式，于是参加了新闻团队，所以此处指需要一个项目。prject意为“项目”，符合语境。curse课程； tur旅行；budget预算。故选A。
6．A.steam B．time
C．mney D．luck
解析：句意：在接下来的几个月里，当我一篇又一篇地发帖时，我以为自己会精疲力竭。根据后文“But smehw writing abut the news and later abut 7 , came easily.”可知，作者后来写新闻变得很容易。由 But可知，设空处所在句与后文构成转折关系，因此此处指作者以为自己会精疲力竭。run ut f steam为固定搭配，意为“筋疲力尽；丧失热情”，符合语境。故选A。
7．A.events B．myself
C．celebrities D．itself
解析：根据本段倒数第二句中的“lved finding just the right phrase t describe hw I 10 ”可知，后来作者开始写自己的感受，所以此处指写他自己。myself 意为“我自己”，符合语境。event大事；celebrity名人；itself它自己。故选B。
8．A.idea B．ptin
C．excuse D．answer
解析：根据前文“But smehw writing abut the news and later abut 7 , came easily.”并结合常识可知，作者觉得写博客简单，因为只要一台电脑和一个想法就行。idea意为“想法”，符合语境。ptin选项； excuse借口； answer回答。故选A。
9．A.transfrm B．reject
C．predict D．explre
解析：句意：我喜欢每篇帖子中的研究，喜欢能够探索令我感兴趣的东西，喜欢找到恰好合适的短语来描述我的感受。根据前文“I lved the research that went int each pst”和后文“lved finding just the right phrase”以及本句结构可知，本句是排比句，设空处应和 research 和 finding 相呼应。explre意为“探索”，符合语境。transfrm使变形；reject拒绝； predict预言。故选D。
10．A.acted B．felt
C．develped D．succeeded
解析：根据语境可知，此处指作者喜欢找到恰好合适的短语来描述自己的感受。feel意为“感觉”，符合语境。act行动； develp发展； succeed成功。故选B。
11．A.resisted B．remembered
C．explained D．enjyed
解析：根据第一段第二句中的“My laptp was filled with the beginning f nvels, half-finished sng lyrics(歌词)”可知，作者是喜欢写作的；结合空前的“I fund smething I was gd at and mre imprtantly”可知，此处指作者找到了擅长的东西，更重要的是，找到了自己喜爱的东西。enjy意为“喜爱”，符合语境。resist抵制；remember记得；explain解释。故选D。
12．A.redrafted B．cpied
C．deleted D．published
解析：根据前文“I kept psting and slwly I gt better.”可知，作者的写作能力提高了，所以是对自己写的文章进行改写和编辑。redraft意为“改写”，符合语境。cpy复制；delete删去；publish出版。故选A。
13．A.cmpser B．instructr
C．jurnalist D．adventurer
解析：根据后文“Seven years later, I am.”和“Having just cmpleted a fantastic placement(实习工作) in a lcal newspaper”可知，作者是在当地的报社实习，因此作者是想成为一名记者。jurnalist 意为“新闻记者”，符合语境。cmpser作曲家；instructr导师；adventurer冒险家。故选C。
14．A.friendly B．helpful
C．mean D．grateful
解析：根据上文可知，作者听从了老师的建议，做了自己擅长且喜欢的事情，所以此处指作者感谢年少时的自己。grateful意为“感激的”，符合语境。friendly友好的；helpful有用的；mean刻薄的。故选D。
15．A.matter B．differ
C．increase D．happen
解析：通读全文可知，20岁时，作者想尝试一种新的生活方式，但是无人指点，后来作者听从了老师让自己写博客的建议，从而发现了自己擅长和喜欢的事，所以这是最重要的建议。matter意为“事关紧要；要紧；有重大影响”，符合语境。differ有区别；increase增加；happen发生。故选A。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2024·重庆市一诊)
Hw t Wrk Out Yur Wrries by Writing
Smething is trubling yu? Yu shuld write abut it.Research shws that peple wh write abut a difficult situatin ften shw imprved mental and physical health.
1.G It is a specific technique, and it's different frm writing in a jurnal.The idea is t reflect hnestly and thughtfully n a particular challenge.
Hundreds f studies ver several decades have lked at the ptential benefits f expressive writing.It can strengthen the immune system, including fr peple with illnesses such as flu, cancer and depressin. 2.E
Expressive writing wrks because it allws yu t make meaning ut f a painful experience, experts say. 3.F Then translating that experience int language frces yu t rganize yur thughts.And creating a narrative gives yu a sense f cntrl.
But expressive writing isn't a magical cure-all slutin. 4.D And peple cping with a severe injury r depressin may nt find it useful t d n their wn withut therapy(治疗)．
Yet it can be a pwerful tl fr many, in large part because it helps prevent the secrecy peple ften feel abut an injury, as well as their reluctance t face emtins.
5.A Thinking r talking abut an event can lead t reflecting, where yu becme lst in yur emtins.Writing frces yu t slw dwn.The mere act f labeling a feeling—f putting wrds t an emtin—can lessen the nervus activity in the threat area f the brain.Writing can increase smene's acceptance f his/her experience, and acceptance is calming.
A．Why write?
B．What if yu dn't write?
C．Expressive writing gave peple the curage t face fears.
D．It shuldn't be used as a replacement fr ther treatments.
E．It can als help reduce pain and imprve md, sleep and memry.
F．The first imprtant step is t recgnize what it is that is bthering yu.
G．Psychlgists refer t writing abut an unpleasant experience as “expressive writing”．
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“表达性写作”，即花时间写下你不愉快的经历，这种写作方式可以改善你的身心健康。
解析：
1．根据空后的“It is a specific technique, and it's different frm writing in a jurnal.”可知，代词it应该是指代写作方式。由此可知，设空处应该提到要介绍的写作方式。G项(心理学家将关于不愉快经历的写作称为“表达性写作”。)符合语境。G 项中的“expressive writing”和空后的 it及下一段出现的“expressive writing”相呼应。故选G。
2．根据本段首句中的“the ptential benefits f expressive writing”及空前的“It can strengthen the immune system”可知，本段在介绍表达性写作的好处，E项(它还可以帮助减轻疼痛，改善心情、睡眠和记忆力。)符合语境。E项中的“It can als”与空前的“It can”句式结构相呼应， als 表示递进。故选E。
3．根据空前的“Expressive writing wrks because it allws yu t make meaning ut f a painful experience”和空后的“Then translating that experience int language frces yu t rganize yur thughts.”可知，此处在介绍表达性写作每一步骤的好处，F项(认识到有什么事情困扰着你是重要的第一步。)符合语境。F 项中的“The first”与空后的“Then, And”相呼应。故选F。
4．根据空前的“expressive writing isn't a magical cure-all slutin”和空后的“peple cping with a severe injury r depressin may nt find it useful t d n their wn withut therapy(治疗)”可知，设空处应是在表示表达性写作不能治疗所有疾病以及其不能替代医学治疗，D项(它不应该被用作其他治疗的替代品。)符合语境。故选D。
5．根据设空处所处的位置可知，设空处是本段的主题句。根据空后的“Thinking r talking abut an event can lead t reflecting”；“Writing frces yu t slw dwn. The mere act f labeling a lessen the nervus activity”以及“Writing can increase smene's acceptance f his/her experience...”可知，本段在告诉读者写下不愉快的经历的过程可以慢慢地平复心情，即为写作的原因，与A 项(为什么要写下来？)是因果关系，符合语境。故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2023·重庆市第二次抽测)
As the wrld sees mre and mre extreme weather patterns, it is becming increasingly difficult t ignre the effects f climate change.It is nw 1.a cmmn tpic f discussin and has even fund its way int the bks we read.Because f this，a genre(体裁) 2.called (call) climate fictin, r cli-fi, has fund new life.
The term“cli-fi” 3.was used (use) fr the first time in 2007 by climate activist and writer Dan Blm.He wanted t make “climate fictin”mre 4.appealing (appeal)．Accrding t Blm, the term really gained 5.ppularity (ppular) when Canadian writer Margaret Atwd used it in a message sent using the scial netwrking service, 6.intrducing (intrduce) it t her fllwers.
Just 7.as the name suggests, climate fictin refers t stries with the central theme f climate change r glbal warming.These kinds f bks can help us imagine 8.what the wrld might be like in the future because f majr climate change events.
The genre is welcme amng cllege students because it usually lks at tpics that 9.are (be) relevant t what is really happening tday.Cli-fi has als helped t inspire students t pursue science majrs, with sme universities even ffering curses 10.specially (special) fcusing n climate fictin.
语篇导读：本文主要讲述了气候科幻小说的定义、发展和在大学生当中的影响力。
解析：
1．考查冠词。结合句意可知，此处表示“它现在是一个普遍的讨论话题”，空处表泛指，且空后的cmmn的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
2．考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词是has fund, call在句中作非谓语，与被修饰词genre之间构成动宾关系。故填called。
3．考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。分析句子结构可知， use在句中作谓语。根据时间状语in 2007可知，时态为一般过去时；use与主语之间为被动关系；主语为第三人称单数。故填was used。
4．考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处作make的宾语补足语，补充说明climate fictin的性质，需要用形容词。故填appealing。
5．考查名词。空处作gained的宾语，需要用名词。故填ppularity。
6．考查非谓语动词。本句中主句的谓语动词是gained，从句的谓语动词是used, intrduce在句中作非谓语，与其逻辑主语Margaret Atwd之间构成主谓关系。故填intrducing。
7．考查连词。此处考查固定表达just as, 意为“正如”，后跟句子。故填as。
8．考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，空处表示“……的事物”。故填what。
9．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，时态应用一般现在时；关系词that指代tpics, tpics为复数。故填are。
10．考查副词。此处修饰动词短语fcusing n，需要用副词。故填specially。