2023年泰州市海陵区中考一模英语试题（含答案与解析）

这是一份2023年泰州市海陵区中考一模英语试题（含答案与解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了本卷分选择题和非选择题两个部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。

请注意：1．本卷分选择题和非选择题两个部分。
2．所有试题的答案均填写在答题卡上，答案写在试卷上无效。
第Ⅰ卷选择题（65分）
一、单项选择从下列每题所给的选项中，选择最佳答案。（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
1．The cmic suggests that it is a gd manner t ________．
A．trust ur friendsB．respect ur friends
C．help ur friendsD．push ur friends
2．—What d yu think is the greatest challenge t give a tw-hur public speech?
—T ________ the listeners interested fr such a lng time．
AdevelpB．keepC．shwD．share
3．—Have yu decided whether t take the family trip t Xinghua Cauliflwer?
—N． It depends n the ________ we’ll cme t at tnight’s family meeting．
A．cnclusinB．cnversatinC．cmmunicatinD．cmpetitin
4．—D yu have advice n ________ t chse a new mvie t fill my weekend?
—Sure． Yu can read thers’ recmmendatins and reviews．
A．whereB．whenC．whichD．hw
5．—It’s s great that instead f leaving his hmewrk aside, Tim thrws himself int study．
—I wnder what makes him change ________．
A．simplyB．happilyC．greatlyD．seriusly
6．—Since the first week f 2022, ver 60 cmpanies have tried a fur-day wrk week in the UK．
—It turned ut t be a ________ idea that 56 f thse cmpanies have decided t stick with it．
A．funnyB．naturalC．crazyD．practical
7．—The Taixin City gvernment has ________ many wrkshps f traditinal musical instrument．
—Thanks t the wrkshps, the instrument-making skills can be imprved and passed n．
A．cleared upB．set upC．made upD．taken up
8．—Sme museums and parks are being built in Beijing, including a branch f the Capital Museum．
—It’s the case, and they ________ t the public by the end f this year．
A．penedB．are peningC．have penedD．will pen
9．—Many kids are made t learn in advance by their parents．
—It’s “Pulling seedlings t help them grw” and ges ________ the rules f child develpment．
A．asB．againstC．withD．ver
10．—Sending vice messages n a smart phne can be time-saving．
—But sending messages itself may be ________ if we lse urselves in meaningless chatting．
A．a piece f cakeB．a sweet experience
C．a waste f timeD．an unfrgettable feeling
二、完形填空阅读短文从每题所给选项中选出最佳选项（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
Yu never really understand a persn until yu cnsider things frm his pint f view — until yu climb int his skin and walk arund in it．
—T Kill a Mckingbird
“A yung girl didn’t give up her seat t an ld man n a bus．” Ms． Whitehead was asking her students what they thught abut it in her first Philsphy class． Mst f the students thught the girl’s behavir was ____11____．
Ms． Whitehead didn’t ____12____ her pinin, instead, she tld anther stry． “It was abut a lving cuple wh were travelling n a ship． Unfrtunately, they met with a strm and the ship was ging t sink (沉没), nly ____13____ f the cuple culd have the chance t the lifebat．____14____ all passengers’ surprise, the husband left his wife behind and gt n the lifebat himself．”
The teacher stpped and asked, “Hw wuld yu feel if yu were ne f the passengers?”
Shrtly after, cntinued Ms． Whitchead． “The husband survived hme． He didn’t marry thers but ____15____ their daughter alne after the wrst day． 30 years ____16____, the daughter learned abut what happened n the ship by accident． Althugh she really wanted an ____17____ frm father, her lve fr her father was always in the way． Her questin in her heart wasn’t answered until she happened t find ut it in his diary after her father died． The whle ____18____ is, n that day, her father and mther were n the trip t finish her ____19____ wish because she was dying f an incurable (不治的) illness． As a husband, he ____20____ t g with his wife． As a father, he had t take the chance f ____21____, fr the ther lved ne． During the rest f his life, he made their daughter — Evelyn int a ____22____, pretty girl with duble lve． Yes, the great husband is my father．”
The class drpped int ____23____ as Ms． Whitchead finished her stry． She didn’t think any wrds was necessary and was sure that all the ____24____ shuld have been rethinking abut their careless replies． Seeing is nt always believing． We ____25____ nt judge anyne r anything unless we have learnt the full stry． Put yurself in thers’ shes and then yu can really understand them．
11． A．impatientB．imprperC．unhappyD．unnecessary
12． A．believeB．acceptC．expressD．remember
13． A．eitherB．bthC．neitherD．each
14． A．TB．WithC．AsD．Beynd
15． A．gave upB．dressed upC．brught upD．lked up
16． A．agB．laterC．befreD．after
17． A．excuseB．dcumentaryC．explanatinD．reprt
18． A．tripB．stryC．classD．family
19． A．lastB．wrstC．bestD．first
20． A．hatedB．refusedC．wishedD．tried
21．A．survivalB．arrivalC．successD．strm
22． A．crazyB．silentC．lnelyD．sunny
23． A．silenceB．happinessC．niseD．sadness
24． A．passengersB．questinsC．teachersD．students
25． A．mustB．shuldC．wuldD．culd
三、阅读理解阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。（共20小题：每小题2分，共40分）
A
26．What are we suggested t cver ur cughs and sneezes?
A．Hands．B．Tissues．C．Arms．D．Masks．
27．Which descriptin can g with Picture Tw in the pst?
A．Stp cughs r sneezes with yur elbws (肘)．
B．Clean cughs and sneezes with yur elbws．
C．Cugh r sneeze int elbws when having n tissues．
D．Cver yur muths when thers are cughing r sneezing．
28．Accrding t the pst, when shall we wash ur hands?
A．Sn after using hands t cver muths and nses．
B．Just befre wearing masks in public during a flu．
C．At least 10 minutes after cvering muths and nses．
D．As sn as we find running water and a sup．
29．Why did the writer recmmend cugh manners?
A．T sell mre tissues and masks t readers．
B．T stp virus frm spreading in public places．
C．T kill many viruses arund us easily．
D．T stp us frm catching a cld．
30．Cugh manners are ne f the best ways ________ when we are having a flu．
A．t keep ur nses and muths cleanB．t keep urselves being plite
C．t keep urselves frm dirty masksD．t prevent thers frm getting sick
B
Remember the Jade Rabbit living n the mn which is the pet f Chang’e? Tgether with the beginning f 2023, the New Year f the Rabbit has started! The Jade Rabbit must bring luckiness t us． Nw let’s talk abut this lvely animal in the eyes f different cultures．
Rabbits are quiet but agile, which means rabbits can mve quickly and easily． There is a view f rabbits in Chinese culture as being smart and gentle． This is shwn by the phrase “dngrututu”, a Chinese idim praising peple wh are smart and agile like a rabbit．
In ancient China, it was cmmn sense that the mre children yu had, the luckier and happier yu wuld be． This belief made the rabbit a ppular sign f gd luck, since rabbits are full f energy and have mre babies in nature．
Similarly in the West, rabbits are well-knwn t be able t reprduce and thrive in difficult and surprising cnditins(1)． They are als cnsidered t be super lucky, with several traditins explain hw t gain the animal’s gd luck fr yurself．
A stuffed (毛绒的) rabbit’s ft is suppsed t bring gd luck． This is a gd luck charm (护身符) that can be fund all ver the wrld, frm the peple f Eurpe t the traditinal cultures f Nrth America． The first place where a hunter (猎人) catches a rabbit is als a sign f gd luck． Anther traditin fr gd luck fund in Nrth America and the UK is t say the wrd “rabbit” n the first mrning f every mnth．
S, with it nw being the lucky animal’s turn n the Chinese zdiac (生肖), maybe the Year f the Rabbit can bring yu sme wnderful prgress!
31．What’s the relatinship (关系) between Chang’e and Jade Rabbit?
A．Husband and wife．B．Mther and sn．
C．Byfriend and girlfriend．D．Owner and pet．
32．If we talk abut smebdy using the Chinese phrase “dngrututu”, we mean that he is ________．
A．luckyB．agileC．sweetD．lively
33．Why des the writer use “reprduce and thrive” in sentence (1) instead f “have mre babies”?
A．T avid the repetitin．B．T be mre humrus．
C．T shw the difference．D．T highlight the theme．
34．Accrding t Paragraph 5, peple can gain frtune by ________ in the West．
A．keeping a Chinese jade rabbit as a pet
B．hlding a rabbit catching race every mnth
C．saying the wrd “rabbit” every mrning
D．using a key ring with a stuffed rabbit’s ft
35．We can cnclude the paragraphs f the whle text like this:
A．B．C．D．
C
This is the example f hpe and unlimited pssibilities． This is prf that big dreams d cme true． S dn’t let anybdy tell yu that yu are ever past yur prime．
—Preface
82-year-ld Yang Benfen, knwn as a granny writer “by the stve”, published her third bk in February． Yang started writing in her 60s and published her first bk Qiuyuan at 80． She spent mst f her time writing in the kitchen and became a bestselling authr．
Being asked abut what makes her keep writing, she explained, “I realized that if thse stries were nt written dwn, all traces (痕迹) f my mther wuld be cmpletely wiped ut frm the wrld sner r later like dust n a table blwn away by wind,” she said． Thus, she started her writing jurney while making meals fr her family members．
She finished her first hand-written cpy f bk with mre than 100,000 wrds in 2007． “It seems like a reunin (团聚) with many peple wh have left me in my memry．” Yang described her writing prcess．
Later, Yang’s daughter psted this cpy f bk nline as a serial． Bad wrds and gd wrds pured in． Thse wh disliked it said the stry f a “nbdy” is unwrthy f being recrded, but sme readers’ supprt encuraged the granny writer t hld ut fr her dream． Yet the nline serialized (连载的) nvel did nt get the attentin f any publishers until mre than ten years later． “She writes in gentle and simple wrds but describes the characters’ struggles with their destiny (命运)． I was shcked that it was written by a green hand,” said publisher Tu Zhigang． Her first wrk Qiyuan was published in June 2020 and prved a big success． Mre than 90,000 cpies have been sld s far．
As fr nw, Granny Yang has n plans t stp． Her furth bk is n the way and she has learned hw t use a cmputer． “I can write anytime, anywhere, and it is mre cnvenient t imprve my writing．” “In ld age, I am like a train n a new jurney． An unimaginable frce drives me frward． I knw that the stry under my pen is just a drp f water, and it will finally flw int the lng river f human histry．” Yang said．
36．Granny Yang is called the writer “by the stve” because ________．
A．she enjys reading with the stve nB．she ften gets ideas frm the stve
C．she makes time t write while ckingD．this title sunds attractive t public
37．What des Yang think drives her t write?
A．Her excellent writing skills．B．Her great achievements nline．
C．Her daughter’s encuragement．D．Her wish t recrd mther’s life．
38．What d yu knw abut Yang’s wrk after reading the passage?
A．The stries in her bks are all gentle and simple．
B．She describes stuggles with gentle and simple wrds．
C．All her wrks have amazing pictures alngside the wrds．
D．The characters in her wrks dn’t want t change their lives．
39．What is Yang’s next plan accrding t the last paragraph?
A．T finish her furth wrk during a train trip．
B．T stp writing and enjy her family reunins．
C．T imprve writing with the help f cmputers．
D．T try t write bks abut human histry with pens．
40．What is the writers pinin by writing the passage?
A．Peple usually succeed quite late during lives．
B．Everyne shuld hld ne dreams and be hpeful．
C．Everyne shuld recrd lives in wrds t remember．
D．Wrks like Qiuyuan will disappear int human histry．
D
In the 1960s, a musical grup cmpsed a ppular sng titled Mnday, Mnday: “Every ther day f the week is fine, yeah． But whenever Mnday cmes, yu can find me crying all f the time．” When talking abut days f the week, Mnday gets little expectatin． I surveyed friends, and the results were very clear． When asked which day f the week they like the least, 90 percent f my friends chse Mnday． Nt ne persn thught f Mnday as his r her favrite day．
First f all, cnsider all the gd things that happen n Mndays． If yu are a sprts fan, yu may get t watch Mnday Night Ftball in the fall． Furthermre, quite a few public hlidays, are celebrated n Mndays． That means that several times a year, a Mnday prvides a three-day weekend． And accrding t websites, Mnday is the best day t d shpping because there aren’t as many peple shpping n the first day f the wrkweek． Experts say that yu can als get the best nline deals n Mndays． This is especially true fr electrnics, such as cmputers, TVs, and vide games．
T me, hwever, there’s smething even mre imprtant abut Mndays． Each Mnday stands fr a new beginning． Fr example, last week I gt behind n my hmewrk and had t spend the weekend catching up． But as sn as Mnday arrived, I had a clean slate． Anther week I frgt t d sme f my chres, s I had t give up ging t a mvie with my friends n the weekend．
I als lve Mndays because we usually start new lessns at schl at the beginning f the week． While last week’s tpics may have been bring, Mnday can bring a new bk t read, mre experiments t d, r math prblems t wrk ut． Besides, I always becme full f energy n Mndays after getting enugh sleep at weekends．
I realize that I am prbably nt ging t make everyne believe that Mnday is the best day f the week, but hpefully I can encurage a few peple t change． The next time a Mnday cmes, think abut all the gd things that culd happen and lk frward t the day instead f fearing it．
There’s n way t avid Mndays, s jin me in making the best f them． Wh knws? Yu might even start liking the first day f the wrkweek．
41．Why did the sng Mnday, Mnday becme ppular?
A．They enjyed t be warmed up by the sng．
B．The sng encuraged them t like Mndays．
C．The sng expressed hw they disliked Mndays．
D．The sng always made them cry all f the time．
42．The wrds “a clean slate” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean ________．
A．a gd restB．a sudden stpC．a new lessnD．a fresh start
43．The sentence “But in fact, I think that Mnday is actually the best day f the week．” can be best put at ________．
A．the end f the first paragraphB．the beginning f the third paragraph
C．the beginning f the furth paragraphD．the end f the fifth paragraph
44．The writer might agree that ________．
A．it’s better t be energetic n Mndays
B．students behave best n Mndays at schl
C．a three-day hliday shuld be ffered every week
D．we shuld try ur best t encurage mst peple
45．What is the best title f the passage?
A．T discver Mndays’ secrets
B．T make the best f Mndays
C．T turn Mndays int hlidays
D．T imprve yurself n Mndays
第Ⅱ卷非选择题（55分）
四、任务型阅读阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，每个空格只填1个单词。（共10小题；每小题1．5分，共15分）
It is impssible t name all Chinese custms in a single article． Even s, in this passage we bring yu several Chinese custms and traditins that yu shuld knw． Here we g!
Chinese usually d nt shw their feelings penly, als aviding any unnecessary bdy tuch． The Chinese see badly that peple kiss each ther n the face, even if they are wmen． In fact, shaking hands was als nt s acceptable in the past． Fr them it is enugh t make a small nd when greeting． As the cuntry gradually lets western traditins in, peple are used t shaking hands t greet．
Many fd manners must be fllwed strictly at meals． Sme details shuld be paid much attentin t by bth guests and hsts． In China, the lder guests are always seated first, and then thers can take their seats． Fd manners are als very imprtant． Yu shuld never serve yurself a drink, it shuld be served by smene else． Chpsticks shuld never be placed upwards in fd． And t eat yu must put yur muth clse t yur wn bwl．
The Chinese have the habit and skill f being able t sleep anywhere at any time． It desn’t matter if it’s n the break frm wrk in the middle f the street r waiting in a supermarket． This Chinese custm has nthing t d with laziness, quite the ppsite． In China, sleeping fr a shrt time in public places is cnsidered a symbl f effrt． Fr example, a pht f a sleeping dctr in the crner f the perating rm spread quickly and wildly nline． Thusands f netizens (网民) gave the pht a “like” t shw their respect t the dctr． S, this persn has been putting a lt f effrt int his wrk and it is right that he shuld sleep as he likes．
Many f yu have already knwn it’s plite nt t pen gifts in public． But that’s nt the nly imprtant thing t knw when receiving gifts in China． Fr example, the Chinese will always refuse yur gift up t three times t shw they are well educated． But in the end, they’re willing t accept it． And remember nt t receive the gift with nly ne hand．
五、综合填空（共10小题；每小题1．5分，共15分）
根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。
The train N 5609/5610 in Suthwest China, which runs between Chngqing and Xiushan, is a public-welfare (公益) “slw train”． This slw train with its wn creative study rm ___56___ (attract) much attentin in the past tw mnths． A huge number f peple shw their interest nline in experiencing such ___57___ special wnderful trip．
Sme seats n the train have been replaced ___58___ (careful) with desks and chairs clse t windws fr passengers in need． They can cmplete ____59____ (they) hmewrk n the train while travelling． The Chinese characters “Yu Yue” appear n the train, which means quite a lt, like reading and travelling happily． Tgether with ther ___60___ (meaning) wrds r sentences, it can remind peple f schl crridrs (过道)．
Als, ther “slw trains” ____61____ (change) int “study trains” in March, 2023, including N 5619/5620 and 5633/5634． Nw the tw trains bth run ____62____ the Chengdu-Kunming Railway and are mainly aimed at serving student grups． Students frm nearby schls ften take the train between schl and hme．
Train N Z150 running between Guiyang and Beijing has built a “bk bar”． This gives cllege students wh lve reading mre ____63____ (pssible) t swim in the cean f knwledge． There are nearly 400 universities and clleges alng the line, which has made train N Z150 the first chice fr mst students frm thse schls．___64___ the “bk bar” appeared in 2015, the train’s dining car has been pen fr free at night． The railway department pays much attentin t prviding returning students with a library, free tea and ther services． These small steps are a sweet cmfrt fr passengers ____65____ (cntinue) their studies in a relaxing place． Many f them speak highly f this kind f trains after their unfrgettable trips．
六、书面表达（25分）
66．成长中的青少年有着丰富的情绪体验。当取得进步时，你也许会和人分享喜悦；当日记被偷看时，你可选择冷静后再面对；当伤心时，或许你会运动流汗来稀释悲伤；当心中忧惧时，可设法强大自己……学校网站英文版在征稿，期待你的分享。
请根据提示，自拟题目，描述一次经历。
写作要点：
1． What experience wuld yu like t share?
2． What have yu gt frm the experience?
写作要求：
1．用英文表达，题目自拟；
2．积极向上，言之有理，结构完整，逻辑通顺；
3．语言流畅，符合英语表达习惯；
4．书写清晰美观，词数120左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Chinese Custms and Traditins
Nt shwing their feelings penly
There’s n ____46____ t have bdy tuch while greeting．
◆Peple dislike kissing n each ther’s faces．
◆Shaking hands is gradually ____47____ because f the influence f western traditins．
____48____ fd manners strictly
It makes sure guests and hsts feel cmfrtable at table．
◆Older guests get seated the first．
◆Dn’t serve ____49____ a drink
◆Dn’t place chpsticks upwards．
◆Keep yur muth ____50____ t yur wn bwl．
Sleeping carelessly
It has smething t d with ____51____．
◆It’s nt ____52____ t see Chinese sleeping in sme public places, like ffices, streets, supermarkets and s n．
◆Peple like the sleeping dctr are cnsidered t have the right because they are t tired at wrk．
Receiving gifts ____53____
It is imprtant t knw hw t receive gifts．
◆Dn’t pen gifts in public．
◆Refuse three times ____54____ accepting gifts．
◆Use ____55____ hands t receive gifts．
参考答案
1．B
【解析】
【详解】句意：这幅漫画告诉我们，尊重朋友是一种良好的态度。
考查常识及动词辨析。trust相信；respect尊重；help帮助；push推动。图中的话“Dn’t push yur friends int yur wn matters, nly if they want t．”意为“不要把你的事情推给你的朋友，除非他们愿意。”，结合漫画内容可推出是要尊重朋友。故选B。
2．B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你认为做两个小时的公开演讲最大的挑战是什么？——让听众保持如此长时间的兴趣。
考查动词辨析。develp发展；keep保持；shw展示；share分享。根据“the listeners interested fr such a lng time”可知，演讲中让听众长时间保持对演讲感兴趣是最大的挑战。故选B。
3．A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你决定全家去兴化菜花节旅游了吗？——不。这取决于我们在今晚的家庭会议上得出的结论。
考查名词辨析。cnclusin结论；cnversatin谈话；cmmunicatin交流；cmpetitin比赛。根据“Have yu decided whether t take the family trip t Xinghua Cauliflwer?”可知是否去兴化菜花节取决于家庭会议的结论。故选A。
4．D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你对于如何选择一部新电影来填满我的周末有什么意见吗？——当然了。你可以看其他人的评论和推荐。
考查疑问词。where哪里；when何时；which哪一个；hw如何。根据“Yu can read thers’ recmmendatins and reviews”可知此处在表达如何选择新电影。故选D。
5．C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——这太好了，蒂姆没有把作业放在一边，而是全身心地投入到学习中。——我想知道是什么使他变化这么大。
考查副词辨析。simply简直；happily高兴地；greatly极大地；seriusly严重地。根据“It’s s great that instead f leaving his hmewrk aside, Tim thrws himself int study．”可知没有把作业放一边，而是全身心投入到学习中，变化很大，用greatly符合语境。故选C。
6．D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——自从2022年的第一周，在英国超过60家公司已经尝试了一周工作四天。——其中56家公司已经决定继续坚持这样做，证明这是一个实用性观点。
考查形容词辨析。funny滑稽的；natural自然的；crazy疯狂的；practical实用的。根据“56 f thse cmpanies have decided t stick with it”可知56个公司将决定继续坚持这样做，证明这个观点是可行的。故选D。
7．B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——泰兴市政府已经建立了许多传统乐器作坊。——幸亏这些作坊，乐器制作手艺才能得到改进和传承。
考查动词短语。cleared up清理；（天气）放晴；set up建立；made up编造，弥补；taken up占据。根据“．．．many wrkshps f traditinal musical instrument”可知应填set up，set up many wrkshps表示“建立很多作坊”，故选B。
8．D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——北京正在建立一些博物馆和公园，包括首都博物馆的分馆。——确实如此，它们将在年底之前向公众开放。
考查动词的时态。pened打开，一般过去时；are pening正在打开，现在进行时；have pened已经打开，现在完成时；will pen将会打开，一般将来时。根据“by the end f this year”可知此句时态应为一般将来时。故选D。
9．B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——许多孩子被父母强迫提前学习。——这是“拔苗助长”，违背了儿童发展的规则。
考查介词辨析。as作为；against反对；with和；ver超过。根据“Pulling seedlings t help them grw”可知拔苗助长是一个贬义成语，g against表示“违背”，符合。故选B。
10．C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——在手机上发送语音消息会节省时间。——但是如果我们陷入毫无意义的聊天中，发送消息本身可能就是浪费时间。
考查名词词组。a piece f cake小菜一碟；a sweet experience甜蜜的经历；a waste f time浪费时间；an unfrgettable feeling一种难忘的感觉。根据“Sending vice messages n a smart phne can be time-saving”和“but”可知上句说节省时间，后又转折，可推知毫无意义的聊天就是浪费时间。故选C。
11． B 12． C 13． A 14． A 15． C 16． B 17． C 18． B 19． A 20． C 21． A 22． D 23． A 24． D 25． B
【解析】
【导语】本文中哲学老师通过自己的经历告诉学生们：眼见未必为实。除非我们了解了全部情况，否则我们不能对任何人或任何事作出判断。设身处地为别人着想，你就能真正理解他们。
【11题详解】
句意：大多数学生认为那个女孩的行为不得体。
impatient没耐心的；imprper不合适的；unhappy不高兴的；unnecessary不必要的。根据“A yung girl didn’t give up his seat t an ld man n a bus．”结合常识可知大多数学生都会觉得不给老人让座不合适。故选B。
【12题详解】
句意：Ms． Whitehead没有表达自己的观点，相反，她讲述了另一个故事。
believe相信；accept接受；express表达；remember记住。根据“Ms． Whitehead didn’t ．．． her pinin”可知没有表达自己的观点。故选C。
【13题详解】
句意：不幸的是，他们遇到了暴风雨，船就要沉没了，这对夫妇中的只有一个人有机会登上救生艇。
either二者之一；bth两者都；neither两者都不；each每个。根据“the husband left his wife behind and gt n the lifebat himself”可知夫妻两人中的一个有机会登上救生艇。故选A。
【14题详解】
句意：令所有乘客吃惊的是，丈夫把妻子抛在身后，自己上了救生艇。
T对于；With和；As作为；Beynd超过。t ne’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”。故选A。
【15题详解】
句意：他没有和别人结婚，而是在最糟糕的一天之后独自抚养他们的女儿。
gave up放弃；dressed up打扮；brught up养育；lked up查找。根据“their daughter alne”可知是独自抚养女儿。故选C。
【16题详解】
句意：30年后，女儿偶然得知了船上发生的事情。
ag以前；later以后；befre在……之前；after在……之后。根据“the daughter learned abut what happened n the ship by accident”可推出女儿得知这件事是在三十年后。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：虽然她真的很想从父亲那里得到一个解释，但她对父亲的爱总是阻碍着她。
excuse借口，理由；dcumentary纪录片；explanatin解释；reprt报告。根据“the daughter learned abut what happened n the ship by accident”可知想要父亲为那件事做出解释。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：整个故事是，在那一天，她的父亲和母亲在旅途中完成了她的最后一个愿望，因为她身患不治之症，即将死去。
trip旅行；stry故事；class班级；family家庭。根据“n that day, her father and mther were n the trip t finish her ．．． wish because she was dying f an incurable illness”可知是在介绍完整的故事。故选B。
【19题详解】
句意：整个故事是，在那一天，她的父亲和母亲在旅途中完成了她的最后一个愿望，因为她身患不治之症，即将死去。
last最后的；wrst最糟糕的；best最好的；first第一。根据“because she was dying f an incurabl illness”可知得了不治之症，快死了，这是最后的愿望。故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：作为丈夫，他希望和妻子一起死。
hated讨厌；refused拒绝；wished希望；tried尝试。根据“As a husband”可推出是作为丈夫，想要和妻子一起死。故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：作为一个父亲，他不得不抓住生存的机会，为另一个所爱的人。
survival生存；arrival到达；success成功；strm风暴。根据“the husband left his wife behind and gt n the lifebat himself”可知父亲抓住了生存的机会。故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：在他余生中，他把他们的女儿伊芙琳变成了一个阳光明媚的漂亮女孩，有着双重的爱。
crazy疯狂的；silent沉默的；lnely孤独的；sunny晴朗的。根据“he made their daughter — Evelyn int a ．．． , pretty girl with duble lve”可知有双重的爱，女孩的性格应是阳光的。故选D。
【23题详解】
句意：Ms． Whitchead讲完故事后，全班鸦雀无声。
silence沉默；happiness幸福；nise噪音；sadness难过。根据“as Ms． Whitchead finished her stry”结合上文的故事内容可推出听完故事后全班都沉默了。故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：她认为没有必要说任何话，并且确信所有的学生都应该重新考虑他们粗心的回答。
passengers乘客；questins问题；teachers老师；students学生。根据“shuld have been rethinking abut their careless replies”结合上文学生们大多数都觉得女孩的行为不合理，可推出此处是学生们都在重新思考自己的回答。故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：我们不应该对任何人或任何事作出判断，除非我们了解了全部情况。
must必须；shuld应该；wuld将要；culd能。根据“We ．．． nt judge anyne r anything unless we have learnt the full stry．”可知这是Ms． Whitchead认为不应该做的事情。故选B。
26． B 27． C 28． A 29． B 30． D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一张海报，主要介绍了咳嗽礼仪是什么、推荐咳嗽礼仪的原因及预防流感的方法。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Cver yur cughs and sneezes with tissues”可知咳嗽和打喷嚏时用纸巾捂住。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。图片2中人物对着肘部咳嗽和打喷嚏，描述是“没有纸巾时用手肘咳嗽或打喷嚏”。故选C。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Wash hands at nce after using hands t cver yur muth and nse”可知用手捂住口鼻后应立即洗手。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Reasns fr recmmending cugh manners Many viruses are spread thrugh cughing, sneezing r hand tuching; Viruses are spread mre widely and easily in crwded public places”可知作者介绍咳嗽礼仪是为了防止病毒在公共场所传播。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Reasns fr recmmending cugh manners Many viruses are spread thrugh cughing, sneezing r hand tuching; Viruses are spread mre widely and easily in crwded public places”可知许多病毒通过咳嗽、打喷嚏和手部接触传播，由此推出当我们患流感时，咳嗽礼仪是防止别人生病的最好方法之一。故选D。
31． D 32． B 33． A 34． D 35． A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了兔子在中西文化中的意义。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Remember the Jade Rabbit living n the mn which is the pet f Chang’e”可知，玉兔是嫦娥的宠物，故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This is shwn by the phrase ‘dngrututu’, a Chinese idim praising peple wh are smart and agile like a rabbit”可知，这是赞美像兔子一样聪明敏捷的人，故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据“This belief made the rabbit a ppular sign f gd luck, since rabbits are full f energy and have mre babies in nature”可知，前文已经提到了“have mre babies”，所以此处是为了避免重复所以使用了“reprduce and thrive”，故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A stuffed (毛绒的) rabbit’s ft is suppsed t bring gd luck． This is a gd luck charm (护身符) that can be fund all ver the wrld”可知，人们可以通过使用带有毛绒兔子脚的钥匙圈来获得财富，故选D。
【35题详解】
篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段通过介绍嫦娥和玉兔之间的关系引出本文主题；第二段和第三段介绍兔子在中国文化中的意义，第三段和第四段介绍兔子在西方文化中的意义；最后一段总结概括，故选A。
36． C 37． D 38． B 39． C 40． B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了“灶台作家”杨本芬的写作历程，并告诉我们：每个人都应该拥有梦想，充满希望。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“She spent mst f her time writing in the kitchen and became a bestselling authr．”和“she started her writing jurney while making meals fr her family members．”可知，她大部分时间都在厨房里写作，边做饭边写作，所以被称为灶台作家。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I realized that if thse stries were nt written dwn, all traces f my mther wuld be cmpletely wiped ut frm the wrld sner r later like dust n a table blwn away by wind”（我意识到，如果不把这些故事写下来，我母亲的所有痕迹迟早会像桌子上的灰尘一样被风吹走，从这个世界上彻底消失）可知，她希望记录母亲的故事，这种想法驱使她写作，故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据“She writes in gentle and simple wrds but describes the characters’ struggles with their destiny”可知，书中她用温柔而简单的文字描述了人物与命运的抗争，故选B。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据“I can write anytime, anywhere, and it is mre cnvenient t imprve my writing”可知，她的计划是在电脑的帮助下提高写作水平。故选C。
【40题详解】
观点态度题。根据开头前言“This is the example f hpe and unlimited pssibilities． This is prf that big dreams d cme true． S dn’t let anybdy tell yu that yu are ever past yur prime．”（这是希望和无限可能的例子。这证明了伟大的梦想确实会成真。所以不要让任何人告诉你，你的黄金时代已经过去了。）可知，作者写本文的目的是告诉我们每个人都应该拥有梦想，充满希望。故选B。
41． C 42． D 43． A 44． A 45． B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要向我们介绍作者认为一周中最好的一天是周一及其原因。
【41题详解】
推理判断题。根据“When asked which day f the week they like the least, 90 percent f my friends chse Mnday． Nt ne persn thught f Mnday as his r her favrite day”可知这首歌曲表达了人们不喜欢周一的共同想法。故选C。
【42题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Each Mnday stands fr a new beginning”可知每周一都代表着新的开始。故选D。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据“First f all, cnsider all the gd things that happen n Mndays．”可知本文第二段至结尾都在介绍作者认为周一是一周中最好的一天，因此应该放在第一段结尾，引出下文。故选A。
【44题详解】
观点态度题。根据“Besides, I always becme full f energy n Mndays after getting enugh sleep at weekends．”可知作者认为在周末有了足够睡眠后，周一会精力充沛。故选A．
【45题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍作者最喜欢一周中的周一的原因，目的是让我们充分利用好周一。故选B。
46．need 47．accepted##welcme##welcmed##acceptable 48．Fllwing 49．yurself
50．clse 51．effrt##effrts 52．surprising##strange##uncmmn##unusual 53．plitely##prperly 54．befre 55．bth##tw
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的一些习俗及传统。
【46题详解】
根据“Chinese usually d nt shw their feelings penly, als aviding any unnecessary bdy tuch．”可知身体接触是不必要的，there is n need t d sth．“做某事是不必要的”。故填need。
【47题详解】
根据“In fact, shaking hands was als nt s acceptable in the past．”及“As the cuntry gradually lets western traditins in, peple are used t shaking hands t greet．”可知握手逐渐被接受或受欢迎。故填accepted/welcme/welcmed/acceptable。
【48题详解】
根据“Many fd manners must be fllwed strictly at meals．”可知要严格遵守饮食礼仪，此处用动名词且首字母大写。故填Fllwing。
【49题详解】
根据“Yu shuld never serve yurself a drink”可知不能给自己倒饮料，用反身代词yurself。故填yurself。
【50题详解】
根据“And t eat yu must put yur muth clse t yur wn bwl．”可知吃饭时要把嘴接近碗。故填clse。
【51题详解】
根据“In China, sleeping fr a shrt time in public places is cnsidered a symbl f effrt．”可知在中国在公共场所小睡一会儿被认为是努力的象征。故填effrt/effrts。
【52题详解】
根据“The Chinese have the habit and skill f being able t sleep anywhere at any time． It desn’t matter if it’s n the break frm wrk, in the middle f the street r waiting in a supermarket．”可知看到中国人在公共场所睡着是不奇怪的，很正常。故填surprising/strange/uncmmn/unusual。
【53题详解】
根据“Many f yu have already knwn it’s plite nt t pen gifts in public．”及最后一段整段内容可知要礼貌地或合适地接收礼物。故填plitely/prperly。
【54题详解】
根据“Fr example, the Chinese will always refuse yur gift up t three times t shw they are well educated． But in the end, they’re willing t accept it．”可知在接受礼物之前会拒绝三次。故填befre。
【55题详解】
根据“And remember nt t receive the gift with nly ne hand．”可知要双手收礼物。故填bth/tw。
56．has attracted 57．a 58．carefully 59．their 60．meaningful 61．were changed
62．alng 63．pssibility##pssibilities 64．Since 65．t cntinue
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国西南地区慢车自习室备受网友关注的原因。
【56题详解】
句意：这辆拥有自己创意自习室的慢车，近两个月来备受关注。根据“in the past tw mnths．”可知，句子时态为现在完成时have/has+动词的过去分词，主语This slw train为单数，助动词用has。故填has attracted。
【57题详解】
句意：大量的人在网上表现出他们对体验如此特别的美妙旅行的兴趣。such a/an++形容词+名词“如此的……”，special是以辅音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用a。故填a。
【58题详解】
句意：列车上的一些座位已被仔细更换为靠近窗户的桌椅，以方便有需要的乘客。此处修饰动词have been replaced，应用副词形式carefully“仔细地”。故填carefully。
【59题详解】
句意：他们可以在旅行时在火车上完成他们的家庭作业。此处修饰名词hmewrk，应用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，作定语。故填their。
【60题详解】
句意：和其他有意义的单词或句子一起，它能使人们想起学校的过道。根据“Tgether with ther ．．． (meaning) wrds r sentences, it can remind peple f schl crridrs ”可知，此处是指有意义的单词或句子，空处用形容词meaningful“有意义的”，作定语。故填meaningful。
【61题详解】
句意：此外，其他“慢车”在2023年3月也被改为“学习列车”，包括5619/5620号和5633/5634号。主语与change之间是动宾关系，且由“in March, 2023”可知，时态为一般过去时，因此空处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是复数，be用were。故填were changed。
【62题详解】
句意：现在这两列火车都是沿成昆铁路运行的，主要服务于学生群体。根据“run ．．． the Chengdu-Kunming Railway”可知，是指沿着成昆铁路运行，alng“沿着”符合语境。故填alng。
【63题详解】
句意：这给了爱读书的大学生更多在知识的海洋里畅游的可能（性）。根据“This gives cllege students wh lve reading mre ．．． t swim in the cean f knwledge．”可知，此处表示“可能（性）”，mre后跟不可数名词或可数名词复数。pssibility作“可能性”讲时，为不可数名词；作“可能的事”讲时，为可数名词。因此此处既可以填写不可数名词，也可以填写可数名词复数形式。故填pssibility/pssibilities。
【64题详解】
句意：自2015年“书吧”出现以来，列车的餐车夜间免费开放。根据“the ‘bk bar’ appeared in 2015, the train’s dining car has been pen fr free at night．”可知，此处表示自从，用since引导时间状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填Since。
【65题详解】
句意：这些小步骤是乘客在轻松的地方继续学习的甜蜜安慰。根据“These small steps are a sweet cmfrt fr passengers ．．． (cntinue) their studies in a relaxing place．”可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t cntinue。
66．例文：
Be the Master f Yur Emtins
Life is full f ups and dwns, and smetimes things dn’t g as planned． When smething unpleasant happens, we ften feel disappinted r even angry． One f ur chices is t accept ur emtins and dn’t let them cntrl us．
One day, it was ur grup’s turn t clean up ur classrm． When schl was ver, I went t the teacher’s ffice t ask sme questins． After I hurried back t ur classrm, I fund there was n ne left． I felt angry and wanted t return hme at nce． Upn stepping ut f the classrm, the advice f cntrlling anger jumped int my mind． I started cunting frm ne t ten t calm dwn, and I made it． In the end, I decided t put dwn my schlbag and tk the brm． I spent almst ne hur cleaning up ur messy classrm． When I was sure that everything in ur classrm was in rder again, I felt prud f what I had dne．
I successfully cntrlled anger t be the master f my emtins． This experience has inspired me t have the curage t face negative emtins in the future．
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏所给“写作要点”，自拟题目讲一次的经历，分享自己的情绪体验。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出主题；
第二步，分享经历；
第三步，总结经验。
[亮点词汇]
①ups and dwns 起伏，兴衰
②at nce 立刻
③calm dwn 冷静下来
[高分句型]
When smething unpleasant happens, we ften feel disappinted r even angry．（when引导时间状语从句）