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考点15 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（新高考专用）（学生版）
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这是一份考点15 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（新高考专用）（学生版），共14页。试卷主要包含了抓基础，抓课堂，抓自习，抓阅读等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。英语的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
考点15 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题考点分布
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于定语从句的考查共计8次，主要考查：
1．定语从句中的关系代词；
2．定语从句中关系副词；
3. 非限制性定语从句的关系词；
4. 定语从句的先行词；
5. 定语从句中的主谓一致；
6. 定语从句中的时态。
【备考策略】系统归类定语从句的用法，尤其是关系代词和关系副词的用法；熟练掌握定语从句的相关考点。
【命题预测】
2024年语法填空对定语从句的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查关系代词和关系副词。
必备基础知识：
在主从复合句中，修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
A. 先行词 + 连词（关系代词）+ 陈述句
wh 【先行词为人。主语、宾语。】whm 【先行词为人。宾语。】
that【先行词为物/人。主语、宾语。】which 【先行词为物。主语、宾语。】
B. 地方 + where(状语) + 陈述句 【where = at/n/in which】
时间 + when(状语) + 陈述句 【when = at/n/in which】
C. 先行词（物/人） + whse + 名词 …
whse: 某人的/某物的
D. 先行词(人) + 介词 + whm + 陈述句
先行词(物) + 介词 + which + 陈述句
重难点知识：
考点1关系代词引导的定语从句
1.（2023·全国乙卷）But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life,with 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
2. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the nly thing _______ lks like human language in that respect.
3.[2019·上海卷]The baby turtles emerge frm the eggs after 45— 0 days, then the babies grw withut their mther, _______ is a rare phenmenn in nature.
4.[2019·上海卷]Fr mre infrmatin abut ur prgram, please visit ur website, r cntact ur Undergraduate Chair, ________ infrmatin is listed abve.
【方法指导】
1．wh和whm指人，wh在定语从句中作主语；whm在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用wh代替whm。
2．whse指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时可用f which代替，指人时可用f whm代替。
3．that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，作宾语或表语时可省略。
4．which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略。另外，which可用来指代前面句子的部分或全部内容。
5．下列情况只用that不用which：
①先行词是all，smething，everything，anything，nthing，little，much，few等不定代词；
②先行词被all，any，every，n，little，much，sme等词修饰；
③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；
④先行词被the nly，the very(正是，恰是)，the last修饰；
⑤先行词中既有人也有物；
⑥在which或wh的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。
1.（2023·广东省高三开学大联考）The typical Chinese alchlic beverage is baijiu, ________ is made frm varius grains.
2.（2023·内蒙古包头市高三调研）Pabl Picass is ne f the mst famus artists in the wrld, _______full name is really a lng ne, in fact a mixture f many names.
3.（2023·江苏省四所名校高三期中联考）His reply t “Can we Chinese pssibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why nt? We Chinese are able t make the same things_______ ther peple make.”
4.（2023·湖南省雅礼十六校第一次联考）“Hell, Mr. Herrit.” I heard his vice. I turned a blank gaze n him — I just had n idea ____ ____ he was thugh his face was familiar.
考点2关系副词引导的定语从句
1.（2023·全国甲卷）Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fable. In fact, her style and tne (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America, all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,” her fable begins, brrwing sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
2. 【2016·全国新课标I】But my cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reprter permitted t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.
【方法指导】
1．先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reasn)的名词，从句中缺少状语时用关系副词when，where，why。有时可用“介词＋which”结构替换。
2．当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。
3．当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如pint，situatin，case，stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which。
1.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考）These events have transfrmed Jingdezhen int an incredible platfrm fr diversified cperatin and cmmunicatin, ________ yung artistic talents are drawn t its flame like mths.
2.（2023·江苏省徐州市第七中学学情调研）Hwever, he culd nt frget abut an earlier time ________ his village had been struggling with a serius air quality prblem.
【变式】
1. （2021·天津南开区·南开中学高三二模）Sales directr is a psitin________ cmmunicatin ability is just as imprtant as sales.
A．whichB．whereC．whenD．why
【变式】2
2. （2021·山东）I dn’t knw the reasn ____ he left withut saying anything.
A．whenB．whereC．whyD．which
【变式】3
（2021·天津高三期末）We ften reach a pint in ur life ______ we shuld be ready fr change that will help us unlck ur self-imprvement pwer.
A．whenB．thatC．asD．which
考点3 “介词＋关系代词”引导的
1.【2021·天津3月高考】William Hastie nce suggested that histry infrms us f past mistakes ________ we can learn withut repeating them.
A．frm whichB．in whichC．with whmD．fr whm
2.（2021·天津红桥区·高三一模）Learning anther language is like stepping ut f a dr, ______I can lk back and see mre clearly my wn language.
A．By whichB．thrugh whichC．whichD．n which
【方法指导】
1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whm，指物时常用which。另外，whse也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whse＋名词”结构。
2．该结构中介词的选用
(1)一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：
①先行词的意义；
②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；
③句子的意思。
(2)表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用f。常见结构：
①在sme，any，few，little，nne，all，bth，neither，many，mst，each等代词或数词的前、后可以用f which/whm。
②the＋比较级或最高级前、后用f which/whm等。
(3)有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
1.（2021·天津滨海新区·高三三模）The Zhuang is an ethnic grup________ the ppulatin is the largest f all ethnic grups in China.
A．f whmB．f whichC．f whD．f that
2.（2021·天津河北区·高三二模）Human facial expressins differ frm thse f animals in the degree ______ they can be cntrlled.
A．n whichB．by whichC．t whichD．frm which
考点4 as，which引导的定语从句
1.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”.
2.（2023·江苏省无锡市）If everyne n yur team is wrking different hurs, yu may be getting emails and messages at all hurs f the day, night r weekend, _______can create an always available, r "always-n” envirnment.
【方法指南】
1．as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。
2．as常用在下列习惯用语中：
as (it) ften happens，as I remember，as is ften the case，as is expected，as is knwn t us，as is shwn等。
3．which引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容则只能位于句末。
4．“”表示“如此……以致……”的意思，用来引导一个结果状语从句；而“”表示“像……这样……”的意思，用来引导定语从句，as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。
5．“the ”表示同一个人或物，而“the ”表示同种类的人或物。
1.（2023·江苏省徐州市第七中学摸底学情调研）Ht pt, as a traditinal Chinese flk dish, has becme a favrite dish thrughut China since at least the Han Dynasty, ____ ____ is particularly true during winter mnths.
2.（2023·江苏省泰州中学调研）Mst skiing cmpetitins f the Winter Olympics were held in areas nrthwest f Beijing, ____ ___ it’s cld in the winter but ften desn’t snw much.
【变式】
1. （天津高三三模）________ is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each ther by tuching nses, but this is nt a plite way f greeting in ther cultures.
A．AsB．ItC．WhichD．What
2. （天津高三三模）Swimming is gd fr teenagers, ________ sme experts say will help them t stimulate their ptential and prmte their brain develpment.
A．whichB．whyC．WhmD．what
考点5 way和time后接定语从句的
①What surprised me was nt what he said but the way
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(in which,that,不填))he said it.
让我吃惊的不是他说的话，而是他说话的方式。
②The wayeq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(that,which,不填)) he explained t us was quite simple.
他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。
③It's nt the first time (that) yu've fund yurself in this situatin.
你陷入这种状况已经不是第一次了。
④There was a time when/during which each teacher spent an hur，ne day a week，testing pupils in every subject.
曾经，每个老师每周都有一天花上一小时对学生的每门功课进行测试。
【方法指南】
1．在定语从句中，the way在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是in which，that或省略；但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用that或which。
2．先行词time作“次数”讲时，应用关系代词that引导定语从句，that可省略；当先行词time作“一段时间，时代”讲且作状语时，应用关系副词when或“介词at/during＋which”引导定语从句。
【关键能力】
定语从句与语法填空
定语从句中的关系代词或关系副词以及介词的选用是语法填空题中的考查点。首先判断是否是定语从句是做题的关键，其次判断关系词充当何种成分，确定答案。有些特殊的定语从句，如分割式定语从句和插入式定语从句，一定要先确定先行词，然后再判断作何成分，最后确定用何关系词。
在空白处填入适当的关系代词或关系副词
1． But my cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid－1980s，________ I was the first Western TV reprter...
2． Sme peple think that the great Chinese schlar Cnfucius，________lived frm rughly 551 t 479 B．C.，influenced the develpment f chpsticks.
3． Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears，nne f ________ has been prved.
4． I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place fr turists seeking the limestne muntain tps and dark waters f the Li River ________ are pictured by artists in s many Chinese paintings.
5． The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere ________ his emplyees enjy their wrk.
6． The bks n the desk，________ cvers are shiny，are prizes fr us.
7． As the smallest child f his family，Alex is always lnging fr the time ________ he shuld be able t be independent.
答案：1.when 2.wh 3.which 4.that/which5．where 6.whse 7.when
[应对策略]
一旦判断是定语从句，就根据定语从句的先行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分来确定关系词。若在从句中作主语和宾语，就用关系代词；若作状语，就用关系副词。
◆书面表达中定语从句易错点聚焦
(一)定语从句意识缺失
1．关系代词被普通代词取代
(误)I have many cllectins f stamps，sme_f_them are my favrite.
(正)I have many cllectins f stamps，sme_f_which are my favrite.
2．关系代词遗漏
(误)The last ne leaves the classrm please clse the windws.
(正)The last ne wh_leaves the classrm please clse the windws.
第一句从汉语意思角度是对的，但是汉语的干扰破坏了英语句式结构。
(二)假冒伪劣的定语从句
1．有从无主式
(误)My friend Jane，wh is very friendly t us classmates.
(正)My friend Jane is very friendly t us classmates.
(正)My friend Jane，wh is very friendly t us classmates，has_a_variety_f_hbbies.
笫一句虎头蛇尾，属于有从无主式的句子，即有从句但没有主句。
2．从句成分残缺式
(误)Thse wh_against it think that it is unnecessary t mve the zs ut f the city.
(正)Thse wh_are_against it think that it is unnecessary t mve the zs ut f the city.
第一句定语从句的谓语不完整。介词against不能单独作谓语。
3．画蛇添足式
(误)As can be seen frm the picture，that a sad by stands between his angry parents.
(误)As can be seen frm the picture，a man wh is talking happily.
(误)I have many cllectins f stamps，and sme f which are my favrite.
第一句中关系代词as代替逗号后面的整个主句，因此主句是不需要连接词来引导的。所以，应去掉that。
第二句中同样as代替逗号后面的整个主句，主句中的wh是多余的。
第三句中如果要满足定语从句的话，显然并列连词and是多余的。
基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考）These events have transfrmed Jingdezhen int an incredible platfrm fr diversified cperatin and cmmunicatin, ________ yung artistic talents are drawn t its flame like mths.
2.（2023·广东省高三开学大联考）The typical Chinese alchlic beverage is baijiu, ________ is made frm varius grains.
3.（2023·河南省安阳市TOP二十名校摸底）Accrding t the legend, the Jade Emperr(ruler f heaven) wuld like t measure time by twelve different animals. He tld animals that he wuld hld a great race n his birthday, the prize f ________ was twelve psitins n the Chinese zdiac calendar.
4.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学月考）Despite it being a busy wrk day, thusands f peple wearing black came t the Mingyangshan Mrtuary Huse in the city, ____59____the memrial service was held at 10 am, t present buquets (花束) and bunches f rice and pay tribute (颂词) t Yuan.
5.（2023·湖南省益阳市质量检测）Legends have been passed n abut Zheng He in the cuntries and regins ____41____ he set ft.
6.（2023·内蒙古包头市高三调研）Pabl Picass is ne f the mst famus artists in the wrld, _______full name is really a lng ne, in fact a mixture f many names.
7.（2023·江苏省四所名校高三期中联考）His reply t “Can we Chinese pssibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why nt? We Chinese are able t make the same things_______ ther peple make.”
8.（2023·江苏省苏州市常熟市阶段性抽测二）He learned carpentry in his teens, after ____ ____ he taught himself the arts f painting, petry, calligraphy and seal cutting.
9.（2023·山西省高三1月适应性调研考试（一模））In additin t the new rcket fr manned missin, China is als develping a new crewed capsule and a lunar lander, _______ will be able t send three astrnauts t the lunar rbit and allw tw f them t land n the mn.
10.（2023·湖北省腾云联盟八月联考）The PLA Navy currently perates tw carriers CNS Lianing and CNS Shandng, bth f ____ ____ have a displacement f arund 50, 000 tns and use a ski jump mde fr launching fixed wing aircraft.
11.（2023·福建省漳州市第一次教学质量检测）The dcumentary film The Magical Craftsmanship f Suzhu, featuring Chinese intangible cultural heritages, was launched in Australia and New Zealand n July 28, 2022. Befre launching, it was released in Nrth America in June, ____ ____ stimulated a wide discussin n the eastern aesthetics(美学)and the intangible cultural heritages.
12.（2023·山东省“学情空间”区域教研共同体联考）Anther cncern is new fd allergies because sme GMO fd（转基因食品） cntain prteins _____ _____ peple have never eaten befre.
13.（2023·山东省青岛市测试）Since 2016 when the cmpany was funded, Chp Value has rescued billins f chpsticks frm landfills. Instead f an ecnmy f the typical take-make-dispse mdel, Chp Value seeks t create ne _____45_____ transfrms waste int a usable resurce.
14.（2023·河北省秦皇岛市部分学校摸底）The awards ceremny fr the One Step Chinese–Hungarian Drawing Cmpetitin was held nline in China’s Hubei prvince and Hungary’s Gyr-Msn-Sprn cunty last week. The event,____ ____drew nearly 100 participants, including students and teachers, was jintly rganized by the respective lcal gvernments.
15.（2023·河北省保定市部分学校联考）Thanks t the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, cnsumptin ____56____ is related t the ice-snw industry has gained steam acrss China.
16.（2023·湖南省部分校教育联盟摸底测）In the main cultural venue f Jiaxing city’s Xiuzhu District, Zhejiang Prvince, a few elderly wmen are using their imaginatin and sme bright clrs t paint the wnderful scenes f life in Jiangnan, r “suth f the Yangtze River”. They are members f a farmer-painter grup knwn as the “Ten Sisters”, frmed in 2009. The grup has 12 rural residents, the ldest f ____58____ is 76 years ld and the yungest 61.
17.（2023·江苏省南京市统考）It was Dragnbat Day. Shiny white tents lined the waterfrnt, prviding shade and refreshments fr Dragn Bat paddlers (桨手) frm all ver Califrnia, ____37____ gathered arund the Castaic Lake fr a festive cmpetitin.
18.（2023·广东省六校高三第一次联考）As China’s gig ecnmy (零工经济) cntinues t grw, the central gvernment is seeking better regulatins t serve the rights f wrkers, develp new skills and startups and ensure healthy and balanced develpment in the jb market. Gig wrkers, ften referred t as independent cntractrs (承包者) r temprary wrkers, are thse such as delivery drivers and nline sales hsts ___ ____ ften enter int cntracts with n-demand cmpanies t prvide services t their clients.
19.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟第一次联考英语试题）In recent years, by making use f its cultural advantages, Jingdezhen has rganized imprtant activities n ceramic arts. These events have transfrmed Jingdezhen int an incredible platfrm fr diversified cperatin and cmmunicatin, ____41____ yung artistic talents are drawn t its flame like mths.
20.（2023·广东省大联考）The typical Chinese alchlic beverage is baijiu, ____41____ is made frm varius grains.
21.（2023·广东省广州市阶段测试）China has the wrld’s largest number f wrld natural heritage sites, accrding t the Natinal Frestry and Grassland Administratin. The cuntry is nw hme t 14 wrld natural heritage sites and fur mixed sites, ____37____ are nted fr bth cultural and natural features, bth leading the wrld in terms f quantity, the administratin said.
22.（2023·广东省清中、河中、北中、惠中联考）The Wuyi Muntain Natinal Park experimental area is the nly park in China ____41____ is listed as a UNESCO cultural and natural heritage site.
23.（2023·山东省曲阜市第一中学模拟）Nature has prepared them fr the cld cnditins. But nthing has prepared the bears fr the danger ____38____ threatens their nly hme.
24.（2023·江苏省镇江市统考）Beijing is a city that straddles(跨越)the divide between the ancient and the mdern. It is hme t mre than 3,000 years f fascinating histry, and a place ____37____ fully embraces the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with high-rise 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with cultural relics f the past.
25.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学月考）Despite it being a busy wrk day, thusands f peple wearing black came t the Mingyangshan Mrtuary Huse in the city, ____59____the memrial service was held at 10 am, t present buquets (花束) and bunches f rice and pay tribute (颂词) t Yuan.
26.（2023·重庆市巴蜀中学月考卷（一））The first-ever nline marketplace fr alltments(菜地), AlltMe, has unveiled plans fr rapid expansin after securing mre than 250, 000$ frm investrs. Prpsed in May last year by Cnr Gallapher, the plan seeks t address the shrtage f available garden space in respnse t rising demand in twns and cities, particularly in Lndn,____58____ there are waiting lists f up t 40 years fr alltment sites.
27.（2023·广东省名校联盟高三大联考试题）Bungee jumping riginated with an ancient adult initiatin ceremny n the Pentecst Islands in Vanuatu,________yung men jumped ff a high platfrm with vines (葡萄藤) attached t their feet as a test f their curage and passage int manhd.
28.（2023·河北省五个一名校联盟摸底）“OMG! It's s cute!” Since psts with such descriptins spread n scial media in ____36____ a lvable panda is waving and smiling, Bing Dwen Dwen has becme a star in the Olympic Villages, venues, and almst everywhere.
29.（2023·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研）Gabriel’s study fund that peple ____40____ have strng bnds t thers are mre likely t use cmfrt fds after an argument r ther emtinally stressful ccasin.
30.（2023·湖北省联考） These are the famus chime-bells f Marquis Yi f the Zeng State, the largest and mst cmplete set f chime-bells ________ exists tday in China.
31.（2023·山东省齐鲁名校大联盟高三三模）Becca Rdmsky-Bish,________wrks at the Crnell Lab f Ornithlgy in New Yrk, is the prject’s leader.
32.（2023·浙江省杭州第二中学新适应性测试）Over the past 40 years, Du Dejian has received numerus visitrs at the library ___36___ he established in his hme in Zhangfang village f Yngji, Shanxi prvince.
33.（2023·湖南省邵阳市第二中月考）Yuth Day in China falls n May 4. It riginates frm the May 4th Mvement, ____36____ happened during Wrld War One. China attended the s called “Peace Cnference” in Paris as ne f the victrius natins.
34.（2023·河北省石家庄市全过程试题）But when I came t the special educatin schl, I even fund a cmpletely blind teacher was giving a class, ________ inspired e t wrk hard t becme a special educatin teacher in the future,” Zhang said.
35.（2023·广东省深圳市二调） This is a perfrmance_______requires extrardinary curage, skill and strength.
36.（2023·湖北省腾云联盟联考）The PLA Navy currently perates tw carriers CNS Lianing and CNS Shandng, bth f ____64____ have a displacement f arund 50, 000 tns and use a ski jump mde fr launching fixed wing aircraft.
37.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学阶段测试一）“There are many peple ____42____ are eager t wrk even thugh they can’t mve. If they have an pprtunity t get a jb, it gives them cnfidence,” said the inventr.
38.（2023·江苏省南京市第一中学第一次模拟）Mnarchs (黑脉金斑蝶) are the nly butterflies knwn t make tw-way migratins, as birds d. In the late summer and early fall, the butterflies typically leave suthern Canada and nrthern and central regins f the United States. They make a dangerus trip t Flrida and Mexic, ____57____ the weather is warmer. In recent years, mnarch ppulatins have been drpping dramatically. T help save the mnarchy butterfly ppulatin, teens in the Nrth Carlina cmmunity frmed a club.
39.（2023·河北联考）Researchers say technlgy may have slved a mystery abut markings at Jerusalem’s Church f the Hly Sepulchre. The special markings are thusands f crsses carved int the walls f the church, which is ne f Christianity’s hliest places. As ne f the wrld’s Christian religius centers, it is thught that the markings were graffiti created by religius travelers, mst f ____48____ visited the church in the past.
40.（2023·安徽省十联考第一次教学质量检测）Meanwhile, the regulatin clarified rules fr respnsibilities and aut insurance cverage in the event f car accidents ____69____ invlve autnmus driving, which is expected t prmte the fast develpment f self-driving vehicles.
41.（2023·浙江省9 1高中联盟模拟）Amng the civilian teams that left fr Turkey n Wednesday was Blue Sky Rescue, a nnprfit Chinese civilian rganizatin, ________ members cme frm prvincial-level regins f China.
42.（2023·哈尔滨师范大学附属中学第三次模拟） JngMay thught it was her “Chinese-style princess dream” ________ led her back t China. She launched a cmpany in April aiming fr the prmtin f traditinal Chinese culture thrugh scial media vides.
43.（2023·河南省安阳市TOP二十名校摸底）Accrding t the legend, the Jade Emperr(ruler f heaven) wuld like t measure time by twelve different animals. He tld animals that he wuld hld a great race n his birthday, the prize f ____41____ was twelve psitins n the Chinese zdiac calendar.
44.（2023·江西省赣抚吉11校联考）There is a saying ____67____ ges, “Enjying the cluds f varius frms in July and August.”
45. (2023·湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学) Peple have the custm t shw respect t cattle by hitting the head f a paper- made cattle with clred wden sticks, ________is meant t drive ut the cattle’s winter laziness and encurage farmers t prepare fr spring plwing.
46.（2023·重庆市巴蜀中学月考） “It can get really crwded with custmers, especially n weekends, during ______ we need t keep the dr pen frm 11 in the mrning t 12 midnight, ” a shp wner said.
47.（2023·江西省新高三第一次摸底联考）Making friends was my big cncern at first but I sn settled in and became gd friends with the fellw teachers. There weren’t many freigners at the schl in ___44___ I was teaching, but I had plenty f friendly neighburs t keep me cmpany. They ften had me rund fr dinner!
48.（2023·河南省信阳高级中学）Zhukudian is a small village lying abut 50 kilmeters t the suthwest f Beijing City. In the 1920s, archaelgists (考古学家) discvered sme prehistric human bnes there, ____41____changed peple’s view f China’s histry.
49.（2023·云南省玉溪第一中学考试）In early histry, the Silk Rad was the mst imprtant trade rute, marking the beginning f glbalizatin. As the first rute ____64____ intrduced the Eastern wrld t the Western civilizatin, the Silk Rad in China can date frm the Han dynasty in ancient China.
50.（2023·湖北省模拟测试） Having survived many centuries, kites have becme ne f the cuntry’s representative traditinal handicrafts, ________ making techniques were included in the list f China’s natinal intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
能力提升
【浙江省嘉兴市2023届高三教学测试（二）】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tea drinking has been a traditinal custm amng native Beijingers. Teahuses frmed in the Tang Dynasty,tk ff in the Sng Dynasty and were recrded in YuanQu____1____ ( write) in the Yuan Dynasty. As sciety develped,private teahuses, tea bars and teahuses with diverse features____2____ ( create). Teahuses ften served as centers f scial interactin where peple came t discuss persnal affairs r even____3____ ( plitics) issues.
There are different types f teahuses including Pure Teahuses, Teahuses fr Strytelling, Chess Teuses,etc. In Pure Teahuses, peple d nthing but drink tea, mst f____4____are unccupied persns r the yung frm the rich family. Teahuses fr Stryelling,____5____( nrmal) in the afternn and night, are welcmed by peple with an interest in nvels, pingshu and strytelling. Chess Teahuses are ppular amng thse interested in playing chess.In the Qing Dynasty, there were als Chess Teahuses that served schlars and____6____(fficial) near Shichahai.
The tea culture has regained its ppularity after a lng term f dcline. In recent years teahuses with lcal characteristics____7____ ( appear) in Beijing with the perfrmance f Beijing Opera, r the cmbinatin f tea culture, flk custms____8____arts.
Lashe Teahuse, fr example, is widely famus in and beynd China____9____a cultural symbl in Beijing, where a large number f tea fans gather,_____10_____(enjy) its rich tea culture.
真题感知
1.（2023·全国乙卷 语法填空）But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life,with 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
2.（2023·全国甲卷 语法填空）Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday,63. Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”.
3.（2023·全国甲卷 语法填空）Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fable. In fact, her style and tne (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America, all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,” her fable begins, brrwing sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
4.【2022·新高考I卷】The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species ___45___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
5.【2022·全国甲卷】On the 1,100. Kilmeter jurney, the man Ca Shengkang, ___62___ lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident, crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvince.
6.（2022年浙江1月）Kim Cbb, a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta, is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics __________ are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change.
7（2021新课标II卷）I decided that if I learned f a cmpany___________ used a lt f plastic, I'd send it an email urging it t cut back.
8（2021浙江卷）BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl ________ gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight.
9（2021天津卷）In the spring, a seasn ________ we are learning new rhythms f life，many f us find cmfrt in the natural wrld.
A. whenB. whereC. whatD. which
10（2020新课标I卷）Because the mn’s bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt __________ it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.
11（2021北京卷）When yu sleep, yur brain srts thrugh everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying t link new experiences t ld memries.
12（2020新课标III卷）In ancient China lived an artist______ paintings were almst lifelike.
13（2019新课标II卷）Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9am t 5pm daily at the pet shp in Macclesfield，_________she pened with her late husband Les.
14（2019新课标III卷）They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring fr these animals.
15（2019浙江卷）On the edge f the jacket, there is a piece f clth ______ gives ff light in the dark.
16（2019北京卷）The students benefitting mst frm cllege are thse ______ are ttally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage f the cllege’s chances and resurces(资源).
17（2018新课标I卷）Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014 ___________shwed a mere five t 10 minute a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all causes.
18（2018新课标II卷）The Chinese Ministry f Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the gvernment started a sil-testing prgram ________gives specific fertilizer recmmendatins t farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use drpped by 7.7 millin tns.
19（2018浙江卷）Many westerners ________ cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut.
20（2018·北京）She and her family bicycle t wrk, _________ helps them keep fit.
A. whichB. wh
C. asD. that
21（2017新课标I卷）Having enugh fat and salt in yur meals will reduce the urge t snack(吃点心) between meals and will imprve the taste f yur fd. Like anything, it is pssible t have t much f bth, _________is nt gd fr the health.
22（2017新课标III卷）But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels, wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.
23（2016新课标I卷）But my cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid-1980s, ____________I was the first Western TV reprter was permitted t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.
24（2016新课标III卷）Sme peple think that the great Chinese schlar Cnfucius，___________lived frm rughly 551 t 479 B.C.，influenced the develpment f chpsticks.
25（2015新课标I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place fr turists seeking the limestne muntain tps and dark waters f the Li River _________are pictured by artists in s many Chinese paintings.
26（2014新课标I卷）Maybe yu leave a habit ________is driving yur family crazy.
考点
题型
定语从句
语法填空
2023
试卷类型
定语从句
考点
2023·全国乙卷
that/whcih
关系代词
2023·全国甲卷
as
非限定性定语从句
2023·全国甲卷
that/wh
关系代词
2022
2022·新高考I卷
where
关系副词
2022·全国甲卷
wh
非限定性定语从句
2022年浙江1月
that/wh
关系代词
2021
2021新课标II卷
that/which
关系代词
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。英语的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
考点15 定语从句（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题考点分布
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于定语从句的考查共计8次，主要考查：
1．定语从句中的关系代词；
2．定语从句中关系副词；
3. 非限制性定语从句的关系词；
4. 定语从句的先行词；
5. 定语从句中的主谓一致；
6. 定语从句中的时态。
【备考策略】系统归类定语从句的用法，尤其是关系代词和关系副词的用法；熟练掌握定语从句的相关考点。
【命题预测】
2024年语法填空对定语从句的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查关系代词和关系副词。
必备基础知识：
在主从复合句中，修饰或限制某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
A. 先行词 + 连词（关系代词）+ 陈述句
wh 【先行词为人。主语、宾语。】whm 【先行词为人。宾语。】
that【先行词为物/人。主语、宾语。】which 【先行词为物。主语、宾语。】
B. 地方 + where(状语) + 陈述句 【where = at/n/in which】
时间 + when(状语) + 陈述句 【when = at/n/in which】
C. 先行词（物/人） + whse + 名词 …
whse: 某人的/某物的
D. 先行词(人) + 介词 + whm + 陈述句
先行词(物) + 介词 + which + 陈述句
重难点知识：
考点1关系代词引导的定语从句
1.（2023·全国乙卷）But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life,with 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
2. [2021·浙江1月]They’re the nly thing _______ lks like human language in that respect.
3.[2019·上海卷]The baby turtles emerge frm the eggs after 45— 0 days, then the babies grw withut their mther, _______ is a rare phenmenn in nature.
4.[2019·上海卷]Fr mre infrmatin abut ur prgram, please visit ur website, r cntact ur Undergraduate Chair, ________ infrmatin is listed abve.
【方法指导】
1．wh和whm指人，wh在定语从句中作主语；whm在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用wh代替whm。
2．whse指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时可用f which代替，指人时可用f whm代替。
3．that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，作宾语或表语时可省略。
4．which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略。另外，which可用来指代前面句子的部分或全部内容。
5．下列情况只用that不用which：
①先行词是all，smething，everything，anything，nthing，little，much，few等不定代词；
②先行词被all，any，every，n，little，much，sme等词修饰；
③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；
④先行词被the nly，the very(正是，恰是)，the last修饰；
⑤先行词中既有人也有物；
⑥在which或wh的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。
1.（2023·广东省高三开学大联考）The typical Chinese alchlic beverage is baijiu, ________ is made frm varius grains.
2.（2023·内蒙古包头市高三调研）Pabl Picass is ne f the mst famus artists in the wrld, _______full name is really a lng ne, in fact a mixture f many names.
3.（2023·江苏省四所名校高三期中联考）His reply t “Can we Chinese pssibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why nt? We Chinese are able t make the same things_______ ther peple make.”
4.（2023·湖南省雅礼十六校第一次联考）“Hell, Mr. Herrit.” I heard his vice. I turned a blank gaze n him — I just had n idea ____ ____ he was thugh his face was familiar.
考点2关系副词引导的定语从句
1.（2023·全国甲卷）Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fable. In fact, her style and tne (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America, all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,” her fable begins, brrwing sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
2. 【2016·全国新课标I】But my cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reprter permitted t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.
【方法指导】
1．先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reasn)的名词，从句中缺少状语时用关系副词when，where，why。有时可用“介词＋which”结构替换。
2．当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。
3．当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如pint，situatin，case，stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which。
1.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考）These events have transfrmed Jingdezhen int an incredible platfrm fr diversified cperatin and cmmunicatin, ________ yung artistic talents are drawn t its flame like mths.
2.（2023·江苏省徐州市第七中学学情调研）Hwever, he culd nt frget abut an earlier time ________ his village had been struggling with a serius air quality prblem.
【变式】
1. （2021·天津南开区·南开中学高三二模）Sales directr is a psitin________ cmmunicatin ability is just as imprtant as sales.
A．whichB．whereC．whenD．why
【变式】2
2. （2021·山东）I dn’t knw the reasn ____ he left withut saying anything.
A．whenB．whereC．whyD．which
【变式】3
（2021·天津高三期末）We ften reach a pint in ur life ______ we shuld be ready fr change that will help us unlck ur self-imprvement pwer.
A．whenB．thatC．asD．which
考点3 “介词＋关系代词”引导的
1.【2021·天津3月高考】William Hastie nce suggested that histry infrms us f past mistakes ________ we can learn withut repeating them.
A．frm whichB．in whichC．with whmD．fr whm
2.（2021·天津红桥区·高三一模）Learning anther language is like stepping ut f a dr, ______I can lk back and see mre clearly my wn language.
A．By whichB．thrugh whichC．whichD．n which
【方法指导】
1．若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whm，指物时常用which。另外，whse也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whse＋名词”结构。
2．该结构中介词的选用
(1)一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：
①先行词的意义；
②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；
③句子的意思。
(2)表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用f。常见结构：
①在sme，any，few，little，nne，all，bth，neither，many，mst，each等代词或数词的前、后可以用f which/whm。
②the＋比较级或最高级前、后用f which/whm等。
(3)有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。
1.（2021·天津滨海新区·高三三模）The Zhuang is an ethnic grup________ the ppulatin is the largest f all ethnic grups in China.
A．f whmB．f whichC．f whD．f that
2.（2021·天津河北区·高三二模）Human facial expressins differ frm thse f animals in the degree ______ they can be cntrlled.
A．n whichB．by whichC．t whichD．frm which
考点4 as，which引导的定语从句
1.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”.
2.（2023·江苏省无锡市）If everyne n yur team is wrking different hurs, yu may be getting emails and messages at all hurs f the day, night r weekend, _______can create an always available, r "always-n” envirnment.
【方法指南】
1．as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。
2．as常用在下列习惯用语中：
as (it) ften happens，as I remember，as is ften the case，as is expected，as is knwn t us，as is shwn等。
3．which引导定语从句代指前面整句话内容则只能位于句末。
4．“”表示“如此……以致……”的意思，用来引导一个结果状语从句；而“”表示“像……这样……”的意思，用来引导定语从句，as在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。
5．“the ”表示同一个人或物，而“the ”表示同种类的人或物。
1.（2023·江苏省徐州市第七中学摸底学情调研）Ht pt, as a traditinal Chinese flk dish, has becme a favrite dish thrughut China since at least the Han Dynasty, ____ ____ is particularly true during winter mnths.
2.（2023·江苏省泰州中学调研）Mst skiing cmpetitins f the Winter Olympics were held in areas nrthwest f Beijing, ____ ___ it’s cld in the winter but ften desn’t snw much.
【变式】
1. （天津高三三模）________ is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each ther by tuching nses, but this is nt a plite way f greeting in ther cultures.
A．AsB．ItC．WhichD．What
2. （天津高三三模）Swimming is gd fr teenagers, ________ sme experts say will help them t stimulate their ptential and prmte their brain develpment.
A．whichB．whyC．WhmD．what
考点5 way和time后接定语从句的
①What surprised me was nt what he said but the way
eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(in which,that,不填))he said it.
让我吃惊的不是他说的话，而是他说话的方式。
②The wayeq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\c1(that,which,不填)) he explained t us was quite simple.
他向我们解释的那种方法很简单。
③It's nt the first time (that) yu've fund yurself in this situatin.
你陷入这种状况已经不是第一次了。
④There was a time when/during which each teacher spent an hur，ne day a week，testing pupils in every subject.
曾经，每个老师每周都有一天花上一小时对学生的每门功课进行测试。
【方法指南】
1．在定语从句中，the way在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是in which，that或省略；但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用that或which。
2．先行词time作“次数”讲时，应用关系代词that引导定语从句，that可省略；当先行词time作“一段时间，时代”讲且作状语时，应用关系副词when或“介词at/during＋which”引导定语从句。
【关键能力】
定语从句与语法填空
定语从句中的关系代词或关系副词以及介词的选用是语法填空题中的考查点。首先判断是否是定语从句是做题的关键，其次判断关系词充当何种成分，确定答案。有些特殊的定语从句，如分割式定语从句和插入式定语从句，一定要先确定先行词，然后再判断作何成分，最后确定用何关系词。
在空白处填入适当的关系代词或关系副词
1． But my cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid－1980s，________ I was the first Western TV reprter...
2． Sme peple think that the great Chinese schlar Cnfucius，________lived frm rughly 551 t 479 B．C.，influenced the develpment f chpsticks.
3． Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry tears，nne f ________ has been prved.
4． I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place fr turists seeking the limestne muntain tps and dark waters f the Li River ________ are pictured by artists in s many Chinese paintings.
5． The bss f the cmpany is trying t create an easy atmsphere ________ his emplyees enjy their wrk.
6． The bks n the desk，________ cvers are shiny，are prizes fr us.
7． As the smallest child f his family，Alex is always lnging fr the time ________ he shuld be able t be independent.
答案：1.when 2.wh 3.which 4.that/which5．where 6.whse 7.when
[应对策略]
一旦判断是定语从句，就根据定语从句的先行词和代表先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分来确定关系词。若在从句中作主语和宾语，就用关系代词；若作状语，就用关系副词。
◆书面表达中定语从句易错点聚焦
(一)定语从句意识缺失
1．关系代词被普通代词取代
(误)I have many cllectins f stamps，sme_f_them are my favrite.
(正)I have many cllectins f stamps，sme_f_which are my favrite.
2．关系代词遗漏
(误)The last ne leaves the classrm please clse the windws.
(正)The last ne wh_leaves the classrm please clse the windws.
第一句从汉语意思角度是对的，但是汉语的干扰破坏了英语句式结构。
(二)假冒伪劣的定语从句
1．有从无主式
(误)My friend Jane，wh is very friendly t us classmates.
(正)My friend Jane is very friendly t us classmates.
(正)My friend Jane，wh is very friendly t us classmates，has_a_variety_f_hbbies.
笫一句虎头蛇尾，属于有从无主式的句子，即有从句但没有主句。
2．从句成分残缺式
(误)Thse wh_against it think that it is unnecessary t mve the zs ut f the city.
(正)Thse wh_are_against it think that it is unnecessary t mve the zs ut f the city.
第一句定语从句的谓语不完整。介词against不能单独作谓语。
3．画蛇添足式
(误)As can be seen frm the picture，that a sad by stands between his angry parents.
(误)As can be seen frm the picture，a man wh is talking happily.
(误)I have many cllectins f stamps，and sme f which are my favrite.
第一句中关系代词as代替逗号后面的整个主句，因此主句是不需要连接词来引导的。所以，应去掉that。
第二句中同样as代替逗号后面的整个主句，主句中的wh是多余的。
第三句中如果要满足定语从句的话，显然并列连词and是多余的。
基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟高三第一次联考）These events have transfrmed Jingdezhen int an incredible platfrm fr diversified cperatin and cmmunicatin, ________ yung artistic talents are drawn t its flame like mths.
2.（2023·广东省高三开学大联考）The typical Chinese alchlic beverage is baijiu, ________ is made frm varius grains.
3.（2023·河南省安阳市TOP二十名校摸底）Accrding t the legend, the Jade Emperr(ruler f heaven) wuld like t measure time by twelve different animals. He tld animals that he wuld hld a great race n his birthday, the prize f ________ was twelve psitins n the Chinese zdiac calendar.
4.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学月考）Despite it being a busy wrk day, thusands f peple wearing black came t the Mingyangshan Mrtuary Huse in the city, ____59____the memrial service was held at 10 am, t present buquets (花束) and bunches f rice and pay tribute (颂词) t Yuan.
5.（2023·湖南省益阳市质量检测）Legends have been passed n abut Zheng He in the cuntries and regins ____41____ he set ft.
6.（2023·内蒙古包头市高三调研）Pabl Picass is ne f the mst famus artists in the wrld, _______full name is really a lng ne, in fact a mixture f many names.
7.（2023·江苏省四所名校高三期中联考）His reply t “Can we Chinese pssibly make missiles?” was a determined “Why nt? We Chinese are able t make the same things_______ ther peple make.”
8.（2023·江苏省苏州市常熟市阶段性抽测二）He learned carpentry in his teens, after ____ ____ he taught himself the arts f painting, petry, calligraphy and seal cutting.
9.（2023·山西省高三1月适应性调研考试（一模））In additin t the new rcket fr manned missin, China is als develping a new crewed capsule and a lunar lander, _______ will be able t send three astrnauts t the lunar rbit and allw tw f them t land n the mn.
10.（2023·湖北省腾云联盟八月联考）The PLA Navy currently perates tw carriers CNS Lianing and CNS Shandng, bth f ____ ____ have a displacement f arund 50, 000 tns and use a ski jump mde fr launching fixed wing aircraft.
11.（2023·福建省漳州市第一次教学质量检测）The dcumentary film The Magical Craftsmanship f Suzhu, featuring Chinese intangible cultural heritages, was launched in Australia and New Zealand n July 28, 2022. Befre launching, it was released in Nrth America in June, ____ ____ stimulated a wide discussin n the eastern aesthetics(美学)and the intangible cultural heritages.
12.（2023·山东省“学情空间”区域教研共同体联考）Anther cncern is new fd allergies because sme GMO fd（转基因食品） cntain prteins _____ _____ peple have never eaten befre.
13.（2023·山东省青岛市测试）Since 2016 when the cmpany was funded, Chp Value has rescued billins f chpsticks frm landfills. Instead f an ecnmy f the typical take-make-dispse mdel, Chp Value seeks t create ne _____45_____ transfrms waste int a usable resurce.
14.（2023·河北省秦皇岛市部分学校摸底）The awards ceremny fr the One Step Chinese–Hungarian Drawing Cmpetitin was held nline in China’s Hubei prvince and Hungary’s Gyr-Msn-Sprn cunty last week. The event,____ ____drew nearly 100 participants, including students and teachers, was jintly rganized by the respective lcal gvernments.
15.（2023·河北省保定市部分学校联考）Thanks t the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, cnsumptin ____56____ is related t the ice-snw industry has gained steam acrss China.
16.（2023·湖南省部分校教育联盟摸底测）In the main cultural venue f Jiaxing city’s Xiuzhu District, Zhejiang Prvince, a few elderly wmen are using their imaginatin and sme bright clrs t paint the wnderful scenes f life in Jiangnan, r “suth f the Yangtze River”. They are members f a farmer-painter grup knwn as the “Ten Sisters”, frmed in 2009. The grup has 12 rural residents, the ldest f ____58____ is 76 years ld and the yungest 61.
17.（2023·江苏省南京市统考）It was Dragnbat Day. Shiny white tents lined the waterfrnt, prviding shade and refreshments fr Dragn Bat paddlers (桨手) frm all ver Califrnia, ____37____ gathered arund the Castaic Lake fr a festive cmpetitin.
18.（2023·广东省六校高三第一次联考）As China’s gig ecnmy (零工经济) cntinues t grw, the central gvernment is seeking better regulatins t serve the rights f wrkers, develp new skills and startups and ensure healthy and balanced develpment in the jb market. Gig wrkers, ften referred t as independent cntractrs (承包者) r temprary wrkers, are thse such as delivery drivers and nline sales hsts ___ ____ ften enter int cntracts with n-demand cmpanies t prvide services t their clients.
19.（2023·粤湘鄂名校联盟第一次联考英语试题）In recent years, by making use f its cultural advantages, Jingdezhen has rganized imprtant activities n ceramic arts. These events have transfrmed Jingdezhen int an incredible platfrm fr diversified cperatin and cmmunicatin, ____41____ yung artistic talents are drawn t its flame like mths.
20.（2023·广东省大联考）The typical Chinese alchlic beverage is baijiu, ____41____ is made frm varius grains.
21.（2023·广东省广州市阶段测试）China has the wrld’s largest number f wrld natural heritage sites, accrding t the Natinal Frestry and Grassland Administratin. The cuntry is nw hme t 14 wrld natural heritage sites and fur mixed sites, ____37____ are nted fr bth cultural and natural features, bth leading the wrld in terms f quantity, the administratin said.
22.（2023·广东省清中、河中、北中、惠中联考）The Wuyi Muntain Natinal Park experimental area is the nly park in China ____41____ is listed as a UNESCO cultural and natural heritage site.
23.（2023·山东省曲阜市第一中学模拟）Nature has prepared them fr the cld cnditins. But nthing has prepared the bears fr the danger ____38____ threatens their nly hme.
24.（2023·江苏省镇江市统考）Beijing is a city that straddles(跨越)the divide between the ancient and the mdern. It is hme t mre than 3,000 years f fascinating histry, and a place ____37____ fully embraces the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with high-rise 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with cultural relics f the past.
25.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学月考）Despite it being a busy wrk day, thusands f peple wearing black came t the Mingyangshan Mrtuary Huse in the city, ____59____the memrial service was held at 10 am, t present buquets (花束) and bunches f rice and pay tribute (颂词) t Yuan.
26.（2023·重庆市巴蜀中学月考卷（一））The first-ever nline marketplace fr alltments(菜地), AlltMe, has unveiled plans fr rapid expansin after securing mre than 250, 000$ frm investrs. Prpsed in May last year by Cnr Gallapher, the plan seeks t address the shrtage f available garden space in respnse t rising demand in twns and cities, particularly in Lndn,____58____ there are waiting lists f up t 40 years fr alltment sites.
27.（2023·广东省名校联盟高三大联考试题）Bungee jumping riginated with an ancient adult initiatin ceremny n the Pentecst Islands in Vanuatu,________yung men jumped ff a high platfrm with vines (葡萄藤) attached t their feet as a test f their curage and passage int manhd.
28.（2023·河北省五个一名校联盟摸底）“OMG! It's s cute!” Since psts with such descriptins spread n scial media in ____36____ a lvable panda is waving and smiling, Bing Dwen Dwen has becme a star in the Olympic Villages, venues, and almst everywhere.
29.（2023·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研）Gabriel’s study fund that peple ____40____ have strng bnds t thers are mre likely t use cmfrt fds after an argument r ther emtinally stressful ccasin.
30.（2023·湖北省联考） These are the famus chime-bells f Marquis Yi f the Zeng State, the largest and mst cmplete set f chime-bells ________ exists tday in China.
31.（2023·山东省齐鲁名校大联盟高三三模）Becca Rdmsky-Bish,________wrks at the Crnell Lab f Ornithlgy in New Yrk, is the prject’s leader.
32.（2023·浙江省杭州第二中学新适应性测试）Over the past 40 years, Du Dejian has received numerus visitrs at the library ___36___ he established in his hme in Zhangfang village f Yngji, Shanxi prvince.
33.（2023·湖南省邵阳市第二中月考）Yuth Day in China falls n May 4. It riginates frm the May 4th Mvement, ____36____ happened during Wrld War One. China attended the s called “Peace Cnference” in Paris as ne f the victrius natins.
34.（2023·河北省石家庄市全过程试题）But when I came t the special educatin schl, I even fund a cmpletely blind teacher was giving a class, ________ inspired e t wrk hard t becme a special educatin teacher in the future,” Zhang said.
35.（2023·广东省深圳市二调） This is a perfrmance_______requires extrardinary curage, skill and strength.
36.（2023·湖北省腾云联盟联考）The PLA Navy currently perates tw carriers CNS Lianing and CNS Shandng, bth f ____64____ have a displacement f arund 50, 000 tns and use a ski jump mde fr launching fixed wing aircraft.
37.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学阶段测试一）“There are many peple ____42____ are eager t wrk even thugh they can’t mve. If they have an pprtunity t get a jb, it gives them cnfidence,” said the inventr.
38.（2023·江苏省南京市第一中学第一次模拟）Mnarchs (黑脉金斑蝶) are the nly butterflies knwn t make tw-way migratins, as birds d. In the late summer and early fall, the butterflies typically leave suthern Canada and nrthern and central regins f the United States. They make a dangerus trip t Flrida and Mexic, ____57____ the weather is warmer. In recent years, mnarch ppulatins have been drpping dramatically. T help save the mnarchy butterfly ppulatin, teens in the Nrth Carlina cmmunity frmed a club.
39.（2023·河北联考）Researchers say technlgy may have slved a mystery abut markings at Jerusalem’s Church f the Hly Sepulchre. The special markings are thusands f crsses carved int the walls f the church, which is ne f Christianity’s hliest places. As ne f the wrld’s Christian religius centers, it is thught that the markings were graffiti created by religius travelers, mst f ____48____ visited the church in the past.
40.（2023·安徽省十联考第一次教学质量检测）Meanwhile, the regulatin clarified rules fr respnsibilities and aut insurance cverage in the event f car accidents ____69____ invlve autnmus driving, which is expected t prmte the fast develpment f self-driving vehicles.
41.（2023·浙江省9 1高中联盟模拟）Amng the civilian teams that left fr Turkey n Wednesday was Blue Sky Rescue, a nnprfit Chinese civilian rganizatin, ________ members cme frm prvincial-level regins f China.
42.（2023·哈尔滨师范大学附属中学第三次模拟） JngMay thught it was her “Chinese-style princess dream” ________ led her back t China. She launched a cmpany in April aiming fr the prmtin f traditinal Chinese culture thrugh scial media vides.
43.（2023·河南省安阳市TOP二十名校摸底）Accrding t the legend, the Jade Emperr(ruler f heaven) wuld like t measure time by twelve different animals. He tld animals that he wuld hld a great race n his birthday, the prize f ____41____ was twelve psitins n the Chinese zdiac calendar.
44.（2023·江西省赣抚吉11校联考）There is a saying ____67____ ges, “Enjying the cluds f varius frms in July and August.”
45. (2023·湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学) Peple have the custm t shw respect t cattle by hitting the head f a paper- made cattle with clred wden sticks, ________is meant t drive ut the cattle’s winter laziness and encurage farmers t prepare fr spring plwing.
46.（2023·重庆市巴蜀中学月考） “It can get really crwded with custmers, especially n weekends, during ______ we need t keep the dr pen frm 11 in the mrning t 12 midnight, ” a shp wner said.
47.（2023·江西省新高三第一次摸底联考）Making friends was my big cncern at first but I sn settled in and became gd friends with the fellw teachers. There weren’t many freigners at the schl in ___44___ I was teaching, but I had plenty f friendly neighburs t keep me cmpany. They ften had me rund fr dinner!
48.（2023·河南省信阳高级中学）Zhukudian is a small village lying abut 50 kilmeters t the suthwest f Beijing City. In the 1920s, archaelgists (考古学家) discvered sme prehistric human bnes there, ____41____changed peple’s view f China’s histry.
49.（2023·云南省玉溪第一中学考试）In early histry, the Silk Rad was the mst imprtant trade rute, marking the beginning f glbalizatin. As the first rute ____64____ intrduced the Eastern wrld t the Western civilizatin, the Silk Rad in China can date frm the Han dynasty in ancient China.
50.（2023·湖北省模拟测试） Having survived many centuries, kites have becme ne f the cuntry’s representative traditinal handicrafts, ________ making techniques were included in the list f China’s natinal intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
能力提升
【浙江省嘉兴市2023届高三教学测试（二）】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tea drinking has been a traditinal custm amng native Beijingers. Teahuses frmed in the Tang Dynasty,tk ff in the Sng Dynasty and were recrded in YuanQu____1____ ( write) in the Yuan Dynasty. As sciety develped,private teahuses, tea bars and teahuses with diverse features____2____ ( create). Teahuses ften served as centers f scial interactin where peple came t discuss persnal affairs r even____3____ ( plitics) issues.
There are different types f teahuses including Pure Teahuses, Teahuses fr Strytelling, Chess Teuses,etc. In Pure Teahuses, peple d nthing but drink tea, mst f____4____are unccupied persns r the yung frm the rich family. Teahuses fr Stryelling,____5____( nrmal) in the afternn and night, are welcmed by peple with an interest in nvels, pingshu and strytelling. Chess Teahuses are ppular amng thse interested in playing chess.In the Qing Dynasty, there were als Chess Teahuses that served schlars and____6____(fficial) near Shichahai.
The tea culture has regained its ppularity after a lng term f dcline. In recent years teahuses with lcal characteristics____7____ ( appear) in Beijing with the perfrmance f Beijing Opera, r the cmbinatin f tea culture, flk custms____8____arts.
Lashe Teahuse, fr example, is widely famus in and beynd China____9____a cultural symbl in Beijing, where a large number f tea fans gather,_____10_____(enjy) its rich tea culture.
真题感知
1.（2023·全国乙卷 语法填空）But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life,with 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
2.（2023·全国甲卷 语法填空）Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday,63. Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”.
3.（2023·全国甲卷 语法填空）Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fable. In fact, her style and tne (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America, all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,” her fable begins, brrwing sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
4.【2022·新高考I卷】The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species ___45___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
5.【2022·全国甲卷】On the 1,100. Kilmeter jurney, the man Ca Shengkang, ___62___ lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident, crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvince.
6.（2022年浙江1月）Kim Cbb, a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta, is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics __________ are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change.
7（2021新课标II卷）I decided that if I learned f a cmpany___________ used a lt f plastic, I'd send it an email urging it t cut back.
8（2021浙江卷）BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl ________ gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight.
9（2021天津卷）In the spring, a seasn ________ we are learning new rhythms f life，many f us find cmfrt in the natural wrld.
A. whenB. whereC. whatD. which
10（2020新课标I卷）Because the mn’s bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt __________ it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.
11（2021北京卷）When yu sleep, yur brain srts thrugh everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying t link new experiences t ld memries.
12（2020新课标III卷）In ancient China lived an artist______ paintings were almst lifelike.
13（2019新课标II卷）Nw Irene Astbury wrks frm 9am t 5pm daily at the pet shp in Macclesfield，_________she pened with her late husband Les.
14（2019新课标III卷）They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring fr these animals.
15（2019浙江卷）On the edge f the jacket, there is a piece f clth ______ gives ff light in the dark.
16（2019北京卷）The students benefitting mst frm cllege are thse ______ are ttally engaged(参与) in academic life, taking full advantage f the cllege’s chances and resurces(资源).
17（2018新课标I卷）Tw f the authrs f the review als made a study published in 2014 ___________shwed a mere five t 10 minute a day f running reduced the risk f heart disease and early deaths frm all causes.
18（2018新课标II卷）The Chinese Ministry f Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the gvernment started a sil-testing prgram ________gives specific fertilizer recmmendatins t farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use drpped by 7.7 millin tns.
19（2018浙江卷）Many westerners ________ cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap it can be t eat ut.
20（2018·北京）She and her family bicycle t wrk, _________ helps them keep fit.
A. whichB. wh
C. asD. that
21（2017新课标I卷）Having enugh fat and salt in yur meals will reduce the urge t snack(吃点心) between meals and will imprve the taste f yur fd. Like anything, it is pssible t have t much f bth, _________is nt gd fr the health.
22（2017新课标III卷）But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels, wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.
23（2016新课标I卷）But my cnnectin with pandas ges back t my days n a TV shw in the mid-1980s, ____________I was the first Western TV reprter was permitted t film a special unit caring fr pandas rescued frm starvatin in the wild.
24（2016新课标III卷）Sme peple think that the great Chinese schlar Cnfucius，___________lived frm rughly 551 t 479 B.C.，influenced the develpment f chpsticks.
25（2015新课标I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place fr turists seeking the limestne muntain tps and dark waters f the Li River _________are pictured by artists in s many Chinese paintings.
26（2014新课标I卷）Maybe yu leave a habit ________is driving yur family crazy.
考点
题型
定语从句
语法填空
2023
试卷类型
定语从句
考点
2023·全国乙卷
that/whcih
关系代词
2023·全国甲卷
as
非限定性定语从句
2023·全国甲卷
that/wh
关系代词
2022
2022·新高考I卷
where
关系副词
2022·全国甲卷
wh
非限定性定语从句
2022年浙江1月
that/wh
关系代词
2021
2021新课标II卷
that/which
关系代词
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