中考英语复习语法突破第一节名词课件

这是一份中考英语复习语法突破第一节名词课件，共41页。PPT课件主要包含了考点解读，PART ONE，第一节 名 词，Germans，habits，months，classes，boxes，watches，dishes等内容，欢迎下载使用。

KAO DIAN JIE DU
名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。根据其词汇意义,名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。名词在句中主要作主语、宾语,有时也作表语、定语、宾补。
新课程标准中,名词的考查包括：可数名词及其单复数、不可数名词、专有名词和名词所有格。考试中,对名词的考查主要集中在语义辨析上,如固定搭配中名词的正确运用；在具体语境中意近、形近名词的用法区别。高频名词的一词多义,名词的数也是中考的重点。名词词义辨析5年3考,可数名词的单复数5年2考,不可数名词5年4考,专有名词5年0考,名词所有格5年1考。
一、 名词的数1. 名词复数的规则变化形式
dictinaries
2. 名词复数的不规则变化形式
wmen teachers
fish (fishes表示不同种类的鱼)
a number f / a lt f / lts f apples
nly a few /
several gd friends
much / a large amunt
f / a great deal f rain
a little / a bit f
much / a lt f / lts f /
plenty f advice
a piece f cake
three pairs f chpsticks
a bag f rice
fur kils f cttn
三、名词所有格名词所有格分为两种,一是有生命的名词所有格在名词词尾加’s构成,二是无生命的名词所有格由介词f加名词构成。1. ’s所有格的构成
Mther’s Day
James’ bk(s)
Charles’ pen(s)
Teachers’ Day
Nurses’ Day
three hurs’ walk
Children’s Day
at Mr. White’s
at the dctr’s
Lily’s and Lucy’s rms
Japan’s and America’s
Lily and Lucy’s rm
Li Lei and Li Jun’s father
2. ’s所有格的特殊用法(1)表示时间或距离今天的报纸_______________________________________ 　一公里的旅程___________________________________ 　(2)表示集体、国家、团体等无生命的名词世界的人口 ___________________________________ 　中国的宇航员 ___________________________________ 　
tday’s newspaper
a kilmeter’s jurney
the wrld’s ppulatin
China’s astrnaut(s)
3. f所有格的用法(用于无生命的东西)(1)一张我们教室的照片__________________________________ 　(2)一张中国地图 ___________________________________ 　(3)这个房间的窗户 ___________________________________ 　4. 双重所有格(1)我父亲的一个朋友___________________________________ 　(2)大明的几个同学___________________________________ 　(3)我的一个老师 ___________________________________ 　
a picture / pht f ur classrm
a map f China
the windw f the rm
a friend f my father’s
several classmates f Daming’s
a teacher f mine　
四、易错点突破1. 专有名词的第一个字母必须大写, 但其中的虚词, 如冠词(a, an和the)、介词(at, in, n)等的第一个字母一般不大写。如：the United States, the United Kingdm2. 抽象名词是不可数名词, 但在一些短语或句子中可以作可数名词。如：have a rest　休息　　catch a cld　感冒　　have a gd time　玩得开心　
3. 集体名词peple(人们), plice(警察)通常用作复数, 因此不能说a peple, a plice, 但可以说a persn(一个人), a pliceman(一个男警察)。4. 集体名词看作整体时,谓语动词用单数形式；看作整体的各个成员时, 谓语动词用复数形式。如：His family is a happy ne. 他家庭幸福。My family are all having dinner at the mment. 此刻我们全家人正在吃晚饭。
5. 复合名词变单复数时只需要改最后一个名词, 但man, wman构成的复合名词除外。如：tw schl buses 两辆校车　a man teacher一个男教师　tw men teachers两个男教师6. 量词修饰不可数名词时, 谓语动词的单复数形式由量词决定。如：There are tw bttles f water n the table. 桌子上有两瓶水。
7. 有些名词虽然以-s结尾, 却表示不可数概念。如：news, grass, physics, plitics, maths8. 字母、数字、引语或缩略词的复数形式是在其后加-’s或-s。There are tw ’s in the wrd pht. 单词pht里有两个。Many VIPs will cme t ur twn next week. 下周将有很多重要人物要来我们镇。
MAN FEN TU PO
一、名词在语法选择中的考查语法选择考查名词主要从名词的数、不可数名词、名词的所有格以及名词的词性辨析等四个方面去设题考查。解题时可以根据名词的语法规则去确定,也可以根据句子结构确定。1. (2022·广东中考·33题)At primary schl, she was her music 　　　　favurite student.  A. teacher B. teachers　 C. teacher’s
2. (2021·广东中考·36题)Alng the river, there is an eight-kilmeter-lng wden walkway. Peple culd enjy the scenery (风景) and watch　　　　there.  A. bird B. birds C. bird’s D. birds’3. (2021·广州中考·9题)The bandit takes ne bk and shuts, “Next time I want 　　　　”.  A. sme mney　B. any mney　C. sme mneys　D. any mneys
4. (2021·汕头市一模·33题)A dg’s sense f smell is almst 50 times better than a 　　　！  A. persn B. persns C. persn’s D. persns’
二、名词在短文填空中的考查分析近五年广东省中考真题可知,在短文填空中,名词考查了8次,其中6次是根据句子结构和上下文来确定,2次是根据固定搭配确定。短文填空考查名词主要从名词的数(5年6考)、不可数名词(5年2考)等方面去设题考查。解题时可以根据上下文和分析句子结构去确定,有些也可以根据固定搭配去确定。1. (2023·广东中考·74题)The 　　　 　f tthbrushes was nt as famus as that f paper-making, but it was very useful in daily life.  
it　either　be　because　what　else　by　invent　clean　ppular　habit　hundred
2. (2023·广东中考·75题)Tday we have a gd 　　　　f brushing teeth. We shuld thank the ancient Chinese fr it.  
3. (2022·广东中考·71题)At that time,peple made tea in a simple way. They just put fresh tea leaves int ht 　　 　　.  4. (2022·深圳中考·38题)Lang Lang is ne f the leading____________ (musician) in the classical music wrld.  5. (2021·广东中考·36题)La Pan’s new bk includes his frty-seven 　　　　t his family back in America. The letters shw China’s develpment in different perids.  
6. (2021·广州中考·49题) “I have tw 　　　　. One is t enjy the cl under the tall rice, and the ther is t grw hybrid rice acrss the wrld,” Yuan said.  7. (2021·广州中考·50题) And he wrked till the 　　　　f his life t make them cme true.  8. (2020·广东中考·70题)They wanted t raise 　　　　t help their friends … In a week, it made $52. Althugh it was nly a little mney … 
ZHEN TI LIAN JIE
(　　)1. Peple all ver the wrld lve pandas, and the panda has becme a 　　　　f China.  (2023·天津市)A. festival　　　B. pem　 C. guest　　 D. symbl
(　　)2. — Peter was picked ut t be n the schl vlleyball team. — His height gives him a big 　　　　. (2023·武汉市) A. situatin　　 B. challenge　　　C. achievement　　　 D. advantage(　　)3. Three-fifths f the teachers in ur schl are 　　　　. (2023·甘南自治州) A. man teachers B. men teachers　 C. wmen teacher
(　　)4. — 　　　　are easily made, but nt easily kept.  — That’s true. Once yu make ne, be sure t keep it. ( 2023·南通市)A. Speeches　　 B. Decisins　 C. Prmises　　　 D. Suggestins
(　　)5. A taxi driver prevented (阻止) an 　　　　when he saw a car with serius prblems travelling acrss Huangnan. (2023·青海省) A. accident　　　 B. interview C. advertisement (　　)6. My parents tk me t the amusement park n___________ 　　　　Day. There were s many exciting things t d there. (2023·郴州市) A. Children’s　 B. Children C. Child’s
(　　)7. — Kevin, culd yu pass me sme 　　　　? It’s s ht tday. I’m really thirsty.  — OK. Here yu are. (2023·江西省)A. rice　 B. bread　　C. water D. chicken(　　)8. I will take sme 　　　　f the dishes t share with yu. (2023·重庆市) A. picture　 B. pictures　 C. picture’s
(　　)9. Uncle Li has a farm, and there are sme 　　　　n the farm. (2022·百色市) A. chicken and sheep B. chickens and sheepsC. chickens and sheep D. chicken and sheep
(　　)10. — Yu have a nice huse! Whse rm is this? (2022·铜仁市)— It’s 　　　　.  A. Jack and Peter’s B. Jack’s and Peter’sC. Jack’s and Peter D. Jack and Peter
MO NI TU PO
语法选择(主要考查名词)(2023·益阳市中考改编)　When I was five years ld, I lived with my family in my 　1　 ld huse. It was very ld and small, but we were happy there. We didn’t have a lt f mney, but we grew ur wn fd t eat and made ur wn 　2　.  
　Every day after schl, I wuld play utside and wait 　3　 my dad t cme frm wrk. He wrked n cars all day fr drivers. When he 　4　 hme, he was tired with il n his 　5　. S the first thing he wuld d is t clean up his hands. Then he sat in 　6　 ld chair while mm and grandma were making dinner. After dinner, I lved climbing nt his back and watching TV tgether. His hands were strng, and I always felt safe 　7　 lved.  
Nw I am 55 years ld and the ldest persn in my family. I have sme health 　8　, but I still remember thse happy times with my dad 　9　. I wish I culd g back and sit with him in that ld chair ne mre time, just t tell him hw much I lve him and thank him fr 　10　 me feel s happy and lved as a child.