2024届河南省部分市高三下学期第二次质量预测英语试题(含答案)

这是一份2024届河南省部分市高三下学期第二次质量预测英语试题(含答案)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
※ Brwn Girl Dreaming
By Jacqueline Wdsn
As a winner f the Natinal Bk Award, the Cretta Sctt King Award, and a Newberry Hnr Bk, in her bk, Brwn Girl Dreaming, the authr uses petry t tell her true stry f grwing up as a black wman in the 1960s and 1970s. Wdsn’s beautiful language explres big ideas while describing her family, her grwing awareness f race and the civil rights mvement, and her life in Suth Carlina and New Yrk City.
※ When Yu Were Everything
By Ashley Wdflk
Cle and Layla have been best friends fr years. But in their secnd year f middle schl, everything changes. Layla starts hanging ut with her new friends, and the tw girls’ friendship slwly ends. Cle is still trying t make sense f what happened as she tries t make new friends. Tld acrss tw timelines, Cle’s stry f sadness surrunding a lst friendship will be relevant fr many 8th graders trying t deal with past middle schl friend drama and lking frward t high schl.
※ The Hund f the Baskervilles
By Arthur Cnan Dyle
The famus detective Sherlck Hlmes and his friend Watsn set ut t lk int a new case in Dartmr, England. A man is dead, with many dg paw prints leading t his bdy. Hlmes and Watsn arrive in Dartmr t find several unexplainable events and clues. Tgether, they start t figure ut a puzzle that has defined mystery and detective fictin ever since.
※ The Hbbit
By J. R. R. Tlkien
This stry is an pener t the lnger and mre challenging The Lrd f the Rings trilgy. It’s an adventure stry set in a fantasy wrld. With dwarves (小矮人), hbbits, swrd fights, wizards and dragns, the bk’s plt and humr have std the test f time.
1．Hw is Brwn Girl Dreaming different frm the ther bks?
A. It fcuses n city life.B. It uses clear language.
C. It has wn many awards.D. It tells humrus stries.
2．What is When Yu Were Everything mainly abut?
A. Friendship and grwth.
B. Lst lve and gained hpe.
C. Learning t be mre independent.
D. Dealing with pressure frm schlwrk.
3．Which bk suits whever wants t read abut adventures?
A. The HbbitB. Brwn Girl Dreaming
C. When Yu Were EverythingD. The Hund f the Baskervilles
It was a cld May mrning when I received an email frm an ld friend inviting me t jin a 10-day all-girls surf trip. I knew I had t say yes. The trip seemed simple enugh. 10 wmen aged 30 t 45, all cmplete strangers, were t meet n the cast f Prtugal t try smething new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean. I have always lved traveling, s I eagerly sent an email t my bss asking fr time ff t make the trip.
If there’s ne thing I’ve learned ver my past 33 years, it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve dne befre. It seems like we pride urselves n becming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen int, knwing mre abut less. Nw, in thery, this is a great strategy, as it allws yu t becme really gd at ne particular thing, but it als kind f ends up leaving sme skills lacking.
I met my new surfing cmpanins n the grass f the htel lawn in a small surf twn called Ericeira. Despite ur different persnalities and backgrunds, we were all united in a strng desire t challenge urselves, learn, tackle and grw.
The shres at Ericeira, where the beginners learn t surf, are shallw and cvered with slippery rcks. They make fr sfter waves but are difficult t ride.
Guided by ur amazing caches, tgether, we faced the waves. Smetimes, it pured with rain, and the waves crashed arund us, but we were still ut there. And with every slip and fall, wrds f encuragement filled the air. Hnestly, I prbably spent mst f my days frzen t the bne, but that didn’t matter because a new level f genuine jy and persnal achievement had been unlcked.
Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can cme frm ding badly at smething new, and the pride that develps when yu finally manage t grasp smething yu’ve been wrking n. While surfing might nt be my lifelng passin, trying it ut inspired me t take mre risks in life. Yu never knw what yu’re capable f if yu dn’t g ut there and try.
4．What inspired the authr t jin the surf trip?
A. Her lve fr seashre surfing.
B. Her desire t make new friends.
C. Her need t take a break frm wrk.
D. Her passin fr explring smething new.
5．What des the authr think f adults’ fcusing n mastering ne field?
A. It hurts ne’s pride.B. It narrws ne’s ptential.
C. It prmtes ne’s career success.D. It bradens ne’s view f the wrld.
6．Which wrds can best describe the authr’s surfing experience?
A. Relaxing but dangerus.B. Tugh and uninteresting.
C. Challenging but rewarding.D. Surprising and unfrgettable.
7．What can be inferred abut the authr?
A. She used t lack cnfidence in herself.
B. She determined t becme an expert surfer.
C. She discvered her lifelng passin after the trip.
D. She was mre willing t try new experiences in life.
Yu hate me. Yu dn’t even knw me and yu hate me. Befre we’ve even spken, yu hate me. At least that’s hw it feels n my end f the call as a female cllectins fficer at a call center.
I dread the mment when I have t lg n t ur phne system first thing in the mrning because I never knw wh is ging t be n the ther end f that call.
Smetimes it’s an easy task. The caller is pleasant and has accepted persnal respnsibility fr their debts, and we get thrugh the phne call with ease. Then there are the nes wh call in lking fr a fight, r lking fr smene t blame. Thrugh the luck f the phne system, that persn is me.
I’ve had peple wh shut at me, call me hrrible names, accuse me persnally f taking their mney and threaten me. Why? I think it’s because I am invisible. I think I wuld be treated with the same level f disrespect if we were face t face. Frtunately fr me, I have had years f experience in custmer service, s I’m fairly rich in nt letting the negative encunters bther me.
The biggest and mst effective skill when it cmes t the jb is empathy (同理心). I can appreciate the situatin which the caller is in because I’ve been there. That’s why I’m gd at my jb — I understand what yu’re ging thrugh, and I’m here t help.
Sme days thugh, n matter hw much I try t leave the stress behind when I hang up the phne, it stays with me. I may d sme deep breathing, g fr a quick walk r simply stick my head utside fr a burst f fresh air. I d this s I dn’t carry that negativity n t my next call. That next call may be a persn having the wrst day f their life, but I dn’t want t ever be the ne wh makes it wrse. We are all humans just trying t get by in life, which makes yu and me equal. S please, the next time we talk, remember that.
8．What des the underlined wrd “dread” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Enjy.B. Fear.C. Expect.D. Avid.
9．Why des the authr think sme callers treat her badly?
A. They get angry t easily.B. They blame her fr their debts.
C. They d nt see her as a real persn.D. They accuse her f taking their mney.
10．Why des the authr think she is gd at her jb?
A. She can ffer callers best advice.
B. She is always respected by callers.
C. She can put herself in thers’ shes.
D. She isn’t easily influenced by negativity.
11．What is the authr’s main purpse in writing this text?
A. T call fr understanding f her jb.
B. T explain why she is gd at her jb.
C. T intrduce what she is respnsible fr.
D. T cmplain abut her being treated badly.
Waterways are imprtant fr every cuntry arund the wrld. They prvide nt nly water fr everyday use but als rutes fr transprt. Hwever, due t industrial activity, many f them are nw plluted.
Dakta Perry frm the US has experienced water pllutin first-hand. The 15-year-ld high schl girl tld Alabama Lcal News that she spends a lt f time ging n bat rides with her dad n the river behind their huse. Hwever, the river has becme littered with plastic bags, bttles and cups. Perry wanted t clean up the water s she culd cntinue t enjy the river. S, with the help f her father, she designed a system t cllect and remve rubbish in waterways.
In May, Perry put frward her slutin at the Regenern Internatinal Science and Engineering Fair held in Gergia, US, and received a Judge’s Award frm the Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin fr her prject.
Accrding t the Science News fr Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble (气泡) Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flw f bubbles that trap waste and directs it t a catchment system. But Perry tried t challenge herself and make her system mre envirnment-friendly. She planned t create a curtain f bubbles that stretched the river diagnally (对角地). The curtain wuld stp the flating rubbish and then push it tward the shre. Once there, a cnveyr run by a slar-pwered battery wuld carry the waste t a dustbin.
In her backyard pl, Perry used an air cmpressr (压缩机) t send air thrugh a pipe full f hles t create a stream f bubbles. She experimented with different amunts f pressure t make sure there wuld be enugh bubbles t frm a full curtain. “Fr the bubble system t actually wrk and cllect rubbish,” she explained t Science News fr Students, “I have t knw hw much pressure the air cmpressr is suppsed t push ut.”
After she tested her system fr cllecting rubbish, Perry fund that it wrked better than expected. Next, she plans t wrk ut hw t use the pwer f the river t run the air cmpressr.
12．What mtivated Perry t design a rubbish-cllecting system?
A. Her father’s encuragement.
B. Her desire t prtect a nearby river.
C. A visit t a science and engineering fair.
D. An inventin f a Dutch high schl student.
13．What can we knw abut the rubbish-cllecting system?
A. It was designed by Perry alne.
B. It makes pwer t run the air cmpressr.
C. It cllects slar energy t remve rubbish.
D. It creates a bubble curtain t blck rubbish.
14．What is the 5th paragraph mainly abut?
A. Advantages f the system.B. The way f testing the system.
C. The imprvement n the system.D. Challenges in the design prcess.
15．What kind f persn is Perry?
A. Efficient and ambitius.B. Helpful and hardwrking.
C. Respnsible and creative.D. Prfessinal and adventurus.
二、七选五
16．We all want t knw what happiness means and try t find ways t help make ur life better. Happiness — yu knw it when yu see it, but it’s hard t define. Yu might call it a sense f well-being, ptimism r meaningfulness in life, althugh thse culd als be treated separately. ①______ we knw that we want it, and that is just smehw gd.
We als knw that we dn’t always have cntrl ver ur happiness. Research suggests that genetics may play a big rle in ur level f happiness, s sme f us may start ut at a disadvantage. On tp f that, envirnmental factrs can bring dwn md and dry up ur thirst fr living. ②______. Many studies have fund a cnnectin between psychlgical and physical well-being.
A 2022 review f mre than 200 studies fund a cnnectin between psitive psychlgical features, such as happiness, ptimism and life satisfactin, and a lwered risk f heart disease.
③______. If yu have a gd sense f well-being, it’s easier t maintain gd habits: exercising, eating a balanced diet and getting enugh sleep.
④______, and they d nt prvide hard evidence f cause and effect. But sme researchers believe that psitive mental states d have a direct effect n the bdy, perhaps by reducing damaging physical prcesses. Fr instance, they fund that ptimism is assciated with lwer levels f inflammatin (炎症).
If what yu mean by happiness is specifically “enjyment f life”, there’s newer evidence t supprt that, t. A study in the Canadian Medical Assciatin Jurnal fund that peple aged 60 and ver wh said they enjyed life less were mre likely t develp disability ver an 8-year perid. ⑤______. This study des nt prve that physical prblems are caused by less enjyment f life, but suggests a relatinship.
A. But whatever happiness really is.
B. It might take mre wrk if yur md is lw.
C. Fr nw these studies can nly shw assciatins.
D. That refers t the persn, and the situatin he r she is in.
E. Being able t travel arund was als related t enjyment f life.
F. T manage ur emtins is imprtant fr bth ur bdy and mind.
G. It’s nt as simple as “yu must be happy t prevent heart attacks”, thugh.
三、完形填空（15空）
After my mther suffered frm Alzheimer’s disease(阿尔茨海默病), the plants in ur huse began t die. In years past, I remember the deep, earthy smell that wuld 1 in ur huse after my mther had made her weekly watering runds. Back then, I never cnnected it with the care that was at the 2 f everything she did.
But nw, leaves were 3 , sme dry and edged with brwn, and many f the stems(茎) bare. It was a mark f hw my mther can n lnger attend t all the things that she lvingly cared fr. I was s fcused n the increasing 4 f her wn care that her belved plants had escaped my 5 .
I began her ld runds, puring water int the thirsty sil, and sn the plants 6 . That’s the thing abut huseplants: They demand nthing. They wait quietly, n matter hw 7 they are. But even after my best 8 , sme f the plants culdn’t survive. My mther’s kind caregivers have since brught new nes t add t her 9 , and my father buys fresh flwers every week.
Thugh Alzheimer’s disease 10 s much f her memry, her desire t care is still there. I wuld guide her dwn the steps t water the plants herself. I watched as her shaking hands picked the brwn leaves. Each time, she smiled up at me with 11 satisfactin because being able t 12 smething is still, what brings her the greatest jy.
I lk at plants 13 these days. I see them as my mther des: 14 reminders f the need fr kindness tward all living things. It is clear t me that the things we spend a lifetime 15 are never truly lst and the lve she has planted in me still blms(开花).
17．A. pile nB. rise upC. cme verD. wander ff
18．A. beginningB. tpC. fundatinD. thught
19．A. drppingB. appearingC. turningD. waving
20．A. prcessesB. pssibilitiesC. galsD. demands
21．A. desireB. memryC. prtectinD. ntice
22．A. recveredB. absrbedC. driedD. shne
23．A. lnelyB. helplessC. thirstyD. anxius
24．A. cntributinsB. attemptsC. chicesD. explratins
25．A. cllectinB. lveC. sharingD. amusement
26．A. recallsB. hidesC. stealsD. escapes
27．A. deepB. passingC. slightD. lnging
28．A. live withB. find utC. care frD. fcus n
29．A. definitelyB. curiuslyC. strangelyD. differently
30．A. finalB. quietC. permanentD. quick
31．A. grwingB. seekingC. expectingD. saving
四、短文填空
32．The 38th Qinhuai Lantern Festival Lights Up China
On the evening f February 2, the 2024 “Light Up China” event, the 38th annual China Qinhuai Lantern Festival lighting ceremny, ① (begin) at the Bailuzhu Park in Nanjing, Jiangsu prvince. The Qinhuai Lantern Festival, ② is als knwn as the “Jinling Lantern Festival”, is a flk cultural activity spread in Nanjing in histry. It is usually held during the Spring Festival t the Lantern Festival every year. It is the mst famus lantern festival in China and it is included in the natinal intangible cultural heritage list.
With the Bailuzhu Park, the Cnfucius Temple Scenic Area and the Lamendng District serving ③ main display venues, this year’s Qinhuai Lantern Fair has set up 7 exhibitin areas with 330 lantern installatins.
④ (cmpare) t previus years’ lantern festivals, ne f the majr highlights this year is the remarkable “the Year f the Dragn” theme. Fr instance, at the frnt f the Linxing Gate f the Cnfucius Temple in Nanjing, the lantern display features twin dragns winding arund pillars, blwing ut dragn pearls, symblizing auspiciusness (吉祥) and reunin. Meanwhile, the Bailuzhu Park takes ⑤ (inspire) frm the “Illustratin f Lanterns in the Shangyuan Festival” as its creative theme, shwing ⑥ ttal f 68 sets f lanterns in varius sizes and frms, recreating the splendid scene f bserving lanterns during the Ming dynasty as described in the ancient artwrks.
The Lantern Festival in Nanjing this year nt nly celebrates the traditinal custms f the Lunar New Year but als highlights the city’s cultural heritage and ⑦ (innvatin) spirit, drawing visitrs frm acrss the natin ⑧ (participate) in the jyus celebratins.
A lcal elderly persn said t a news reprter ⑨ (prud), “It has the reputatin f N. 1 Lantern Festival in the wrld and the Qinhuai Lantern Festival ⑩ (be) the best in the wrld. It is the nly large-scale cmprehensive lantern festival in China that integrates lantern exhibitins, lantern festivals and lantern markets.”
五、书面表达
33．你们学校最近组织了一次植树活动，请以“An Interesting Tree-planting Activity”为题写一篇报道，向校英语报投稿，内容包括：
1. 时间、地点及参与者；
2. 植树的过程；
3. 你的体验和感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Interesting Tree-planting Activity
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六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Isla and I were studying in the same schl. We had been friends since we were six years ld. I tk Isla as a smart, funny friend, but nt all students at ur schl did, especially the girl students. Girls in ur schl wre fashinable branded clthes, but Isla sewed hers and her curly hair and thick glasses made her lk like a fish, which made her stand ut like a sre thumb(招眼).
Fr me, smetimes I felt embarrassed t be arund Isla, particularly when students said rude wrds abut her hair, clthes, glasses—even abut the fact that she gt really gd grades. Isla always seemed t be able t ignre what ther students thught, but I culdn’t. I began t distance myself frm her.
Our schl had a traditin—there was a talent shw every spring. Students wuld sing, dance, play musical instruments, and d whatever they culd t shw their talents. Being ur graduatin seasn in this senir schl, this year’s talent shw wuld be bviusly different. It wuld be a huge night.
Ava, wh was an utging girl, invited me t be n her dance team. “We win the talent shw every year, and we expect a satisfactry graduatin this year,” Ava said t me excitedly. “We need a new dancer. But nly yu, nt her!” Ava pinted t smene behind me.
I didn’t need t turn arund t see wh she meant. “Oh, I see,” I said quietly. Ava had hardly headed ut when smene tapped n my shulder. It was Isla. When I saw her cnfused face, it was like waking up frm a dream. Isla asked me eagerly, “Emily, are yu ging t take part in the talent shw?” I hesitated withut respnse. “That’s great, Emily!” Isla tld me withut waiting fr my answer that she was als ging t participate this year. I culdn’t believe what I had heard. I started t wrry abut her when I imagined that she was in frnt f a huge crwd, and that everybdy wuld laugh at her.
Time passed quickly, and I had barely seen Isla since then. Fr me, I had t practice hard every day with Ava and the team t keep up since the ther dancers had already knwn the steps.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ultimately, it was my turn t perfrm, and I felt extremely nervus.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I stepped ff the stage and expressed my thanks t Isla, wh was ready t sing.
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参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Brwn Girl Dreaming部分"As a winner f the Natinal Bk Award, the Cretta Sctt King Award, and a Newberry Hnr Bk (作为国家图书奖、科瑞塔斯科特金奖和纽伯里荣誉书的得主)"可知，Brwn Girl Dreaming赢了很多的奖 项。故选C。
2．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据When Yu Were Everything部分"Cle and Layla have been best friends fr years. But in their secnd year f middle schl, everything changes. Layla starts hanging ut with her new friends, and the tw girls' friendship slwly ends. Cle is still trying t make sense f what happened as she tries t make new friends. Tld acrss tw timelines, Cle's stry f sadness surrunding a lst friendship will be relevant fr many 8th graders trying t deal with past middle schl friend drama and lking frward t high schl.(克莱奧和蕾拉是多年来最好的朋友。但到了中学二年级，一切都变了。蕾拉开始和她的新朋友们一起玩，两个女孩的友谊慢慢结束了。克葉奧在努力结交新朋友的同时，仍在努力理解所发生的事情。跨越两个时间线讲述，克葉奥关于失去友谊的悲伤故事将与许多试图处理过去的中学朋友戏剧并期待高中的八年级学生有关。)"可知，这本书讲述的是关于友谊和成长的故 事。故选A。
3．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据The Hbbit部分"This stry is an pener t the lnger and mre challenging The Lrd f the Rings trilgy. It’s an adventure stry set in a fantasy wrld.(这个故事开启了更长、更具挑战性的《指环王》三部曲。这是一个以幻想世界为背 景的冒险故事。)"可知，The Hbbit是一个以幻想世界为背景的冒险故事，适合想要阅读冒险故事的人。故选A。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段"10 wmen aged 30 t 45, all cmplete strangers, were t meet n the cast f Prtugal t try smething new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean.(10名年龄在30到45岁之间、素不相识的女性将在葡萄牙海岸见面，尝试一项新事 物:在大西洋冲浪。)"和文章最后一段"Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can cme frm ding badly at smething new(学习一项新技能赦会了我在新事物上做得不好时的谦卑)"可知，对探索新事物的热情激发了作者加入冲浪之旅。 故选D。
5．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段"Nw, in thery, this is a great strategy, as it allws yu t becme really gd at ne particular thing, but it als kind f ends up leaving sme skills lacking.(现在，从理论上讲，这是一个很好的策略，因为它可以让你 变得非常擅长某一件事，但最终也会让你缺乏一些技能。)"可推知，作者认为，成年人专注于掌握一个领域会限制自己的潜 力。故选B。
6．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段"Guided by ur amazing caches, tgether, we faced the waves. Smetimes, it pured with rain, and the waves crashed arund us, but we were still ut there. And with every slip and fall, wrds f encuragement filled the air. Hnestly, I prbably spent mst f my days frzen t the bne, but that didn't matter because a new level f genuine jy and persnal achievement had been unlcked.(在我们出色的教练的带领下，我们一起面对海浪。有时，下着大雨，海浪在我们周围拍打，但我们仍然在那里。每一次滑倒，空气中都充满了鼓励的话语。老实说，我可能大部分时间都僵在骨头上，但这并不重要，因为真正的快乐和个人成就的新水平已经被解锁了。) "和文章最后一段"Learning a new skill taught me the humility(谦虚) that can cme frm ding badly at smething new, and the pride that develps when yu finally manage t grasp smething yu've been wrking n.(学习一项新技能教会了我在新事物上做得不好时的谦卑，以及当你最终掌握了你一直在做的事情时产生的自豪感。)"可知，作者的冲浪之旅是充满挑战的，但却是值得的。故选C。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"While surfing might nt be my lifelng passin, trying it ut inspired me t take mre risks in life. Yu never knw what yu're capable f if yu dn't g ut there and try.(虽然冲浪可能不是我一生的爱好，但尝试它激励我在 生活中承担更多的风险。如果你不去尝试，你永远不知道你能做什么。) "可推知，作者变得更愿意尝试新事物了。故选D。
8．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据上文Yu hate me. Yu dn't even knw me and yu hate me. Befre we've even spken, yu hate me. At least that's hw it feels n my end f the call as a female cllectins fficer at a call center.(你恨我。你 根本不了解我，还恨我。我们还没说话，你就烦我了。至少这是我作为一个呼叫中心的女催收员在电 话里的感觉。)和下文 because I never knw wh is ging t be n the ther end f that call. (因为我永远不知道电话 的另一端是谁。)可知，作者对于电话另一端的未知感到恐惧，划线词所在的句子意思是:我害怕早 上第一件事就是登录我们的电话系统。由此可知，dread意为"害怕"。A.Enjy享受;B.Fear害 怕;C.Expect期盼;D.Avid避免。故选B。
9．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段I've had peple wh shut at me, call me hrrible names, accuse me persnally f taking their mney and threaten me. Why? I think it's because I am invisible.(有人冲我大喊大叫，用 难听的名字骂我，指责我拿了他们的钱，还威胁我。为什么?我想那是因为我是看不见的人。)可推知，作者认为一些打电话的人对她不友好，因为 他们没有把她当作一个真实的人。故选C。
10．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段The biggest and mst effective skill when it cmes t the jb is empathy(同感).I can appreciate the situatin which the caller is in because I've been there. That's why I'm gd at my jb—I understand what yu're ging thrugh, and I'm here t help，(在工作中，最重要也是最有效的技 能就是同理心。我能理解打电话的人的处境，因为我也经历过。这就是我擅长这份工作的原因—我理解你的感受，我是来帮你的。)可推知，作者认 为她很擅长自己的工作，是因为她能设身处地地为 别人着想。故选C。
11．答案：A
解析：目的意图题。根据文章最后一段We are all humans just trying t get by in life, which makes yu and me equal. S please, the next time we talk, remember that.(我们都是人类，只是想努力生活，这让你我平等。所以，下次我们 谈话的时候，请记住这一点。)可推知，作者写这 篇文章的目的是为了呼吁人们理解她的工作。故选 A。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Perry wanted t clean up the water s she culd cntinue t enjy the river. S, with the help f her father, she designed a system t cllect and remve trash in waterways.(佩里想把河水清理干净，这样她就可以继续享受这条河了。因此，在她父亲的帮助下，她设计了一个收集和清除水道垃圾的系统)可知，保护附近河流的愿望促使佩里设 计了一个垃圾收集系统。故选B。
13．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段Accrding t the Science News fr Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flw f bubbles that trap waste and directs it t a catchment system.(据"学生科学新闻"网站报道，她的系统受到阿姆斯特丹荷兰大气泡屏障的启发，该屏障产生气泡流，将废物捕获并引导到集水 系统)可知，垃圾收集系统产生一个气泡幕来阻挡 垃圾。故选D。
14．答案：B
解析：段落大意题。根据倒数第二段In her backyard pl, Perry used an air cmpressr (压缩机) t send air thrugh a pipe full f hles t create a stream f bubbles. She experimented with different amunts f pressure t make sure there wuld be enugh bubbles t frm a full curtain. "Fr the bubble system t actually wrk and cllect rubbish," she explained t Science News fr Students, "I have t knw hw much pressure the air cmpressr is suppsed t push ut."(在她家后院的游泳池里，佩里用一台空气压缩机将空气通过一根满是孔的管道输送出去，形成一股气泡流。她试验了不同的压力，以确保有足够的气泡形成一个完整的帘子。"为了让气泡系统真正工作并收集垃圾，"她向学生科学新闻解释说，"我必须知道空 气压缩机应该推出多大的压力。")可知，倒数第二段的主要内容是佩里测试她的系统的方式。故选 B。
15．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段Perry wanted t clean up the water s she culd cntinue t enjy the river. S, with the help f her father, she designed a system t cllect and remve trash in waterways，(佩里想把河水清理干净，这样她就可以继续享受这条河了。因此，在她父亲的帮助下，她设计了一个收集和清除水道垃圾的系统)以及第四段Accrding t the Science News fr Students website, her system was inspired by the Dutch Great Bubble (气泡) Barrier in Amsterdam, which creates a flw f bubbles that trap waste and directs it t a catchment system. But Perry tried t challenge herself and make her system mre envirnment-friendly.(据"学生科学新闻"网站报道，她的系统受到阿姆斯特丹荷兰大气泡屏障的启发，该屏障产生气泡流，将废物捕获并引导到集水系统。但佩里试图挑战自己，让她的系统更环保) 可推知，佩里有责任心，有创造力。故选C。
16．答案：AFGCE
解析：①根据上文"Happiness—yu knw it when yu see it, but it's hard t define. Yu might call it a sense f well-being, ptimism r meaningfulness in life, althugh thse culd als be treated separately.(幸福一当你看到它的时候你知道它，但是它很难定义。你可以把它称为生活中的幸福感、乐观感或意义感，尽管这些也可以分开对待。) "和下文"we knw that we want it, and that is just smehw gd.(我们知道我们想要它，它在某种程度上是好的。) "可知，上文在给幸福下定义，此处说明无论真正的幸福是什 么，承接上文，且与下文形成让步转折关系，下文中的"it"指代A项中的"happiness"。A项: But whatever happiness really is.(但无 论真正的幸福是什么符合语境。故选A。
②根据上文"On tp f that, envirnmental factrs can bring dwn md and dry up ur thirst fr living.(最重要的是，环境因素会降低情绪，使我们对生活的渴望干涸。)和下文"Many studies have fund a cnnectin between psychlgical and physical well-being.(许多研究发现心理健康和身体健康之间存在联系。)"可知，上文提到了情绪因素，下文提到心理健康和身体健康之间存在联系，空处承上启下，说明管理情绪的重要性，F项中的"imprtant fr bth ur bdy and mind"与下文中的"psychlgical and physical well-being"对应。F项:T manage ur emtins is imprtant fr bth ur bdy and mind(管理我们的情绪对我们的身心都很重要。)符合语境。故选F。
③根据上文"A 2022 review f mre than 200 studies fund a cnnectin between psitive psychlgical features, such as happiness, ptimism and life satisfactin, and a lwered risk f heart disease:(2022年对200多项研究的回顾发现，积极的心理特征， 如幸福、乐观和生活满意度，与降低心脏病风险之间存在联系。)"可知。幸福与降低心脏病风险存在联系，结合下文"If yu have a gd sense f well-being, it's easier t maintain gd habits: exercising, eating a balanced diet and getting enugh sleep.(如果你有 良好的幸福感，就更容易保持良好的习惯:锻炼，饮食均衡，睡眠充足。)"可知，除了降低心脏病的风险，良好的幸福感还有 利于保持良好的生活习惯。G项:It's nt as simple as "yu must be happy t prevent heart attacks", thugh.(不过，这并不像"你必须幸福才能预防心脏病发作"那么简单。)符合语境。故选G。
④根据下文"and they d nt prvide hard evidence f cause and effect.(它们并没有提供因果关系的确凿证据。)"可知，空处 不是完整的一句话，并且有复数名词和下文的"they"对应，C项:Fr nw these studies can nly shw assciatins(因为目前这些研究只能显示出关联)符合语境。故选C。
⑤根据上文"If what yu mean by happiness is specifically "enjyment f life", there's newer evidence t supprt that, t. A study in the Canadian Medical Assciatin Jurnal fund that peple aged 60 and ver wh said they enjyed life less were mre likely t develp disability ver an 8-year perid.(如果你所说的幸福指的是"享受生活"，那么也有新的证据支持这一点。《加拿大医学协 会杂志》上的一项研究发现，60岁及以上的人说他们不太享受生活，在8年的时间里更有可能患上残疾。) "可知，本段内容和"享受生活"相关，江项中的"enjyment f life"是关键词。E项:Being able t travel arund was als related t enjyment f life.(能够到处旅行也与享受生活有关。)符合语境。故选E。
17．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:在过去的岁月里，我记得母亲每周浇完水后，我们家就会飘起浓浓的泥土味。A. pile n堆 积;B.rise up上升; C.cme ver顺便拜访;D. wander ff走散。根据"after my mther had made her weekly watering runds"可 知，此处是指飘起浓浓的泥土味。故选B。
18．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:那时候，我从来没有把它和以她所做的一切为基础的照料联系在一起。A. beginning开 始;B. tp顶部;C. fundatin基础;D. thught思考。根据"f everything she did"和"the care that"可知，此处是指以她所做的一切为基础的照料。故选C。
19．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:但现在，叶子在掉落，有些干了，边缘呈褐色，许多茎都光秃秃的。A. drpping掉落;B. appearing出现;C. turning拐弯;D. waving摆动。根据"sme dry and edged with brwn"可知，此处是指叶子在掉落。故选A。
20．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我太专注于要求她自身的照料，以至于她心爱的植物都没有被我注意到。A. prcesses过 程;B. pssibilities可能性;C, gals目标;D. demands要求。根据前文"After my mther suffered frm Alzheimer's disease(在我母亲 患阿尔茨海默病之后) "可知，此处是指"我"太专注对她本身的照料的要求。故选D。
21．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我太专注于要求她自身的照料，以至于她心爱的植物都没有被我注意到。A. desire愿望; B. memry记忆;C. prtectin保护;D. ntice注意。根据"I was s fcused n"可知，此处是指没有注意到母亲心爱的植物。故选 D。
22．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我开始了她的老惯例，把水倒进干渴的土壤里，植物很快就恢复了生机。A. recvered恢 复;B. absrbed吸收;C. dried使干燥;D. shne照耀。根据"puring water int the thirsty sil, and sn the plants"可知，此处是指 植物很快恢复了生机。故选A。
23．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:它们安静地等待，不管有多渴。A. lnely孤独的;B. helpless无助的;C. thirsty渴的;D. anxius焦虑的。根据"puring water int the thirsty sil"可知，此处是指不管有多渴。故选C。
24．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:但即使我尽了最大的努力，有些植物还是无法存活。A. cntributins贡献; B. attempts努 力; C. chices选择;D. explratins探索。根据"even after my best"可知，此处是指尽管做了最大的努力。故选B。
25．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:后来，好心的照顾我母亲的人给她带来了一些新的花，增加了她的收藏，我父亲每周都 会买鲜花。A. cllectin收藏;B. lve爱; C. sharing共享;D. amusement娱乐。根据"My mther's kind caregivers have since brught new nes t add t her"可知，此处是指增加了母亲的收藏。故选A。
26．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然阿尔茨海默病偷走了她的很多记忆，但她照顾的愿望仍然存在。A. recalls回忆;B. hides隐藏;C. steals愉;D. escapes逃跑。根据"Alzheimer's disease"可知，此处是指阿尔茨海默病偷走了她的很多记忆。故选C。
27．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:每一次，她都带着深深的满足对我微笑，因为能够照顾一些东西仍然是她最大的快 乐。A. deep深深的;B. passing暂时的;C. slight轻微的;D. lnging渴望的。根据"what brings her the greatest jy"可知，此处是指 带着深深的满足。故选A。
28．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:每一次，她都带着深深的满足对我微笑，因为能够照顾一些东西仍然是她最大的快乐。A. live with接受;B. find ut找出; C. care fr照顾;D. fcus n集中于。根据"her desire t care is still there"可知，此处是指能够 照顾一些东西仍然是她最大的快乐。故选C。
29．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:现在我对植物的看法不同了。A. definitely肯定地;B. curiusly好奇地;C. strangely奇怪地;D. differently不同地。根据后文"I see them as my mther des(我像我母亲一样看待它们) "可知，此处是指对植物的看法不同了。故选D。
30．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:像我母亲那样看待它们:无声地提醒我们需要善待所有的生物。A. final最终的;B. quiet安静的;C. permanent永恒的;D. quick快速的。根据前文"They wait quietly(它们安静地等待)"可知，此处是指无声地提醒。 故选B。
31．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我很清楚，我们花了一生的时间培育的东西永远不会真正失去，她在我身上种下的爱仍 然盛开。A. grwing种植; B. seeking寻找;C. expecting期待;D. saving节省。根据"and the lve she has planted in me still blms"可知，此处是指花了一生的时间培育的东西。故选A。
32．答案：began；which；as；Cmpared；inspiratin；a；innvative；t participate；prudly；is
解析：①考查谓语动词。句意:2月2日晚，2024"点亮中国"活动，即一年一度的第38届中国秦淮灯会亮灯仪式，在江苏省南京 市白鹿洲公园拉开帷幕。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话有作时间状语，描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时。故填 began。
②考查定语从句。句意:秦淮灯会，又称"金陵灯会"，是南京历史上流传的民间文化活动。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The Qinhuai Lanterm Festival在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导。故填 which。
③考查动词短语。句意:今年的秦淮灯会以白鹿洲公园、孔庙景区和老门洞区为主要展示场所，设置了7个展区，共 330个灯具装置。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语，意为"起……作用"。故填as。
④考查非谓语动词。句意:与往年相比，今年的一大亮点是引人注目的“龙年”主题。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词 cmpare和句子主语ne f the majr highlights是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词形式，表示被动，作状语，位于句首，首字母大 写。故填Cmpared。
⑤考查名词。句意:白鹿洲公园以"上元节彩灯图说"为创作主题，共展出68套大小各异的彩灯，再现了明代古代艺术品 中观灯的灿烂景象。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词，作宾语。故填inspiratin。
⑥考查固定短语。句意:见第$题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定短语a ttal f，意为"总数为"。故填 a。
⑦考查形容词。句意:今年南京的元宵节不仅庆祝了农历新年的传统习俗，还突出了这座城市的文化遗产和创新精神，吸引了来自全国各地的游客参与到欢乐的庆祝活动中来。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，作定语，修饰后面 的名词spirit。故填innvative。
⑧考查动词短语。句意:见第7题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语，意为"吸引某人做某事",用不定 式作宾语补足语。故填t participate。
⑨考查副词。句意:当地一位老人自豪地对新闻记者说: "这里有世界第一灯会的美誉，秦淮灯会是世界上最好的。它是中国唯一一个集灯展、灯会和灯市为一体的大型综合性灯会。"分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词，作状语，修饰动词 said。故填prudly。
⑩考查谓语动词。句意:见第9题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是现在的情况，谓语用一般现在 时，主语是the Qinhuai Lantern Festival, be动词用is。故填is。
33．答案：
An Interesting Tree-planting Activity
Last Sunday ur schl rganized an interesting tree-planting activity n campus. Almst all students jined it psitively.
At the beginning, ur teachers explained hw t plant trees and then gave us a demnstratin. Afterwards, we gt invlved and cperated with pleasure. Sme dug hles, sme planted trees while thers watered them. We wrked hard, talking and laughing happily all the time, during which ur teachers tk many phts fr us.
We truly enjyed the activity. Nt nly did it help us cperate better and beautify ur campus, but als it raised ur awareness f prtecting the envirnment.
34．答案：
Ultimately, it was my turn t perfrm, and I felt extremely nervus. I didn’t want t be regarded as different frm the thers. Isla walked t me and hugged me tightly. “Cme n, Emily!” Isla encuraged me. “I believe yu will d great because yu are a wnderful dancer. Dn’t care t much abut what thers think. Just trust yurself.” Sn, I tk my place n the stage. I remembered every step and every mve. When the music was ver, the crwd burst int cheers. At that mment, I felt like a dancing queen!
I stepped ff the stage and expressed my thanks t Isla, wh was ready t sing. I was a little wrried at the beginning because the crwd became restless. Luckily, Isla ignred it. I std up, shuting, “Isla, yu are the best!” Her hmemade dress was shining in the light, but her eyes were cluded with tears. When Isla’s singing died dwn, all the students were still lst in her unique vice. Sme even began singing like her, and then mre. Their singing resunded arund the hall. I rushed t the stage after her perfrmance, hugging her cheerfully. That was enugh! We culd never be distanced.