广东省韶关市2024届高三下学期综合测试（二）英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份广东省韶关市2024届高三下学期综合测试（二）英语试卷(含答案)，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
The cuisine that marks Christmas is as diverse as the peple feasting n it. Here’s a lk at hw the lcals celebrate Christmas thrugh cuisine in their cuntries, which will give yu a glimpse f the celebratins.
England
The real festivities start n Christmas mrning with champagne and smked salmn. After the King’s r Queen’s annual Christmas speech, it’s time fr the main meal, typically including a turkey r rast beef accmpanied by varius side dishes.
France
The French celebrate their Christmas Eve with a lavish meal, with seafd served first. The main curse usually cnsists f a rster that’s renwned fr its tenderness. Fine red wine frm Burgundy can’t be missed f curse.
Italy
Similar t France, Italians celebrate Christmas n the eve. The lcals typically attend midnight Mass and then indulge in a lavish meal befre heading t church. Fr the main curse, nrthern Italians ften have stuffed turkey, while thse in seaside areas may feast n a large baked sea bass accmpanied by rasted ptates and vegetables.
Greece
After attending an early mrning hly cmmunin in church n Christmas, Greeks g hme fr an all-day eating gathering. Families gather arund the fireplace, feasting n a special wheat bread nly made at Christmas. Later, the main curse may include rast chicken stuffed with chestnuts.
1．What activity distinguishes England in Christmas celebratin?
A. The seafd-themed dinner.B. The yearly Ryal address.
C. The religius ceremny.D. The main curse featuring turkey.
2．T experience the religius atmsphere, yu’d better spend Christmas in ________.
A. France and Italy.B. England and France.
C. England and Greece.D. Italy and Greece.
3．Frm which clumn f the magazine is the passage prbably frm?
A. Religin and culture.B. Diet and health.
C. Festival and traditin.D. Sprts and fitness.
Fr nearly tw decades, a thin, sun-burnt pstal wrker culd frequently be seen carrying packages alng a dangerus muntain trail in the Taihang Muntains.
The 10-kilmeter-lng rute, which is between 20 centimeters and 1 meter wide, is knwn as the “cat rad” by lcals, meaning that it is s dangerus that nly cats culd walk n it. Whereas, Zha Yuefang, a pstal wrker in Ewu twnship in Huguan cunty, Shanxi prvince, had t walk the rute every day t deliver mail.
Every day at the crack f dawn, he wuld start his jurney alng the “cat rad”. Frm picking up the day’s pst t delivering it t villagers and returning alng the same rute, it tk Zha fur days. During rainy and snwy seasns, the muntain rad, part f which hugs the cliffs, wuld becme slippery and dangerus. One day in the winter f 2003, the “cat rad” was cvered in thick snw and he slipped ff the trail. Frtunately, he was able t stp his sharp descent by grabbing a tree branch and slwly managed t climb t safety.
By 2012, Zha had walked mre than 300,000 km and delivered ver 800,000 pieces f mail. Brn and raised in the deep muntains, Zha truly understands the significance f mail deliveries t villagers. “They depend n the mail t keep in tuch with the utside wrld,” he said. “Their sheer jy written n their face while receiving any pst struck me,” he added.
In 2012, a 67-km-lng turist highway was built and gne were thse days when Zha risked his life t walk n the “cat rad”. But Zha was even busier than befre. “The number f packages I handle daily nw exceeds the number I used t deal with in the past,” said Zha, adding that villagers are turning t nline shpping and rdering mre and mre gds by pst.
4．Why is the muntain trail referred t as “cat rad”?
A. It’s shaped like a cat.B. It’s intended fr cats.
C. It is t narrw and risky.D. It rains cats and dgs there.
5．What des the wrd “descent” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Fall.B. Pain.C. Turn.D. Landing.
6．Accrding t the passage, which wrds can best describe Zha?
A. Persistent and dedicated.B. Diligent and ambitius.
C. Cnsiderate and cnfident.D. Curageus and generus.
7．What has always mtivated Zha’s enthusiasm fr his jb?
A. The villagers’ respect fr him.
B. His being brn and raised there.
C. Tday’s huge number f the packages.
D. The value f the deliveries t the lcals.
Is life a stry r a game? Answers may vary frm ne t anther. Over the curse f life, we find things t lve and cmmit t — a jb, a partner r a cmmunity. At times, we struggle t learn frm ur misfrtunes t grw in wisdm, kindness and grace.
Will Strr, a writer whse wrk I admire, says this stry versin f life is a misunderstanding. In his bk The Status Game, he argues that human beings are deeply driven by status. Rather than abut being liked r accepted, he writes, it’s abut being better than thers. “When peple are bedient t us, ffer respect, admiratin r praise, that’s status. It feels gd.”
Life is a series f games, he adds. There’s the high schl game f cmpeting t be the ppular kid. The lawyer game t make partner. The finance game t make the mst mney. The academic game fr fame. The sprts game t shw that ur team is the best. Even when we are trying t d gd, Strr claims, we’re playing the “virtue game” t shw we are mrally superir t thers.
I think Strr is in danger f becming ne f thse guys wh ignre the nble desires f the human heart and the caring element in every friendship and family. The status-mad wrld that Strr describes is s lveless. In fact, gaming as a way f life is immature. Maturity means rising abve the shallw desire — fr status — that desn’t really nurish us. It’s abut cultivating the higher desires: the lve f truth and learning; the inner pleasure the craftsman gets in his wrk, which is nt abut ppularity, and the desire fr a gd and meaningful life that inspires peple t practise daily acts f genersity.
Hw d peple gradually learn t cultivate these higher mtivatins? T answer that, I’d have t tell yu a stry.
8．What lies in the cre f Will Strr’s pinin abut life?
A. The pride in ne’s virtue.B. The pursuit f superirity.
C. The desire fr acceptance.D. The mtivatin by wealth.
9．What can be viewed as higher mtivatins in the text?
A. Lve and inspiratin.B. Maturity and desire.
C. Cmmitment and kindness.D. Friendship and ppularity.
10．What’s the main purpse f the passage?
A. T crrect an attitude.B. T cmpare tw values.
C. T explain tw arguments.D. T criticize a viewpint.
11．What stry d yu think the authr will tell next?
A. A king’s-cmeback stry.B. A rags-t-riches stry.
C. A Yuan Lngping-style stry.D. An vernight-success stry.
Wuld a persn brn blind, wh has learned t distinguish bjects by tuch, be able t recgnize them purely by sight if he regained the ability t see? The questin, knwn as Mlyneux’s prblem, is abut whether the human mind has a built-in cncept f shapes that is s inbrn that a blind persn culd immediately recgnize an bject with restred visin. Alternatively, the cncepts f shapes are nt inbrn but have t be learned by explring an bject thrugh sight, tuch and ther senses.
After their attempt t test it in blind children failed, Lars Chittka f Queen Mary University f Lndn and his team carried ut anther experiment n bumblebees. T test whether bumblebees can frm an internal representatin f bjects, they first trained the insects t distinguish glbes frm cubes using a sugar reward. The bees were first trained in the light, where they culd see but nt tuch the bjects. Then they were tested in the dark, where they culd tuch but nt see the items. The researchers fund that the insects spent mre time in cntact with the shape they had been trained t assciate with the sugar reward, even thugh they had t rely n tuch rather than sight t distinguish the bjects.
The researchers als did the ppsite test with untrained bumblebees, first teaching them with rewards in the dark and then testing them in the light. Again, the bees were able t recgnize the shape assciated with the sugar reward, thugh they had t rely n sight rather than tuch in the test. In shrt, bees have slved Mlyneux’s prblem because the fact suggests that they can picture bject features and access them thrugh sight r tuch.
Hwever, sme experts express their warning s against the result. Jnathan Birch, a philspher f science, cautins that the bees may have had prir experience assciating visual and tactile (触觉) infrmatin abut straight edges and curved surfaces in their nests.
12．What is Mlyneux’s prblem abut?
A. Whether mankind’s sense f tuch utweighs sight.
B. Whether mankind’s idea f shape is inbrn r learned.
C. Whether blind peple can identify the shape f an item.
D. Whether the blind can regain their sense f tuch after recvery.
13．Hw did Lrs Chittka and his clleagues try t figure ut Mlyneux’s prblem?
A. By experimentatin n blind children.
B. By cnducting cntrlled experiments.
C. By rewarding bumblebees with sugar.
D. By bserving bumblebees in their nests.
14．What is Jnathan Birch’s attitude twards the cnclusin f the bee experiments?
A. Skeptical.B. Supprtive.C. Dismissive.D. Ambiguus.
15．Which f the fllwing can be the best title f the passage?
A. Scientists Fund Senses Matter
B. Visual-Tactile Puzzle Has Been Slved
C. Experiments Will Help the Blind Regain Sight
D. Bumblebees May Help Slve Mlyneux’s Prblem
二、七选五
16．Daily Habits t Help Yu Get Healthier in 2024
Many f us hpe t make changes fr the better fr the new year, and health gals tend t be at the tp f that list. Smetimes New Year’s wishes require sme sacrifices.① Belw are sme achievable daily habits that keep yur verall health.
Priritize sleep.
Yur bdy needs time nt nly t rest and recharge, but als t d imprtant wrk like learning new things. Experts suggest teenagers shuld get at least eight hurs sleep each day. If this is a challenge fr yu, turn t yur circadian rhythm, which tells yu the right time t sleep and wake up. ② Just g t bed and get up at the same time every day.
Take a break frm electrnics.
In fact, studies have fund that screen addictin has a negative influence n ur health. ③ Keeping away frm screen can imprve yur sleep and reduce depressin and anxiety. Thus, remember t spare time each day when yu’re screen-free.
④______
Yur healthy habits can als be fun and rewarding. What have yu always wanted t d? Yur answer t that questin might pint yu tward a new hbby t explre in 2024. And getting int it can help yu reduce stress and bst mental well-being. Plus, sme hbbies can get yu mving, bsting yur physical and mental health. ⑤
Ultimately, yu can pick ne r tw healthy daily habits. And I am sure yu’ll be mving tward a healthier, happier 2024.
A. Fight against stress.
B. Take n a new hbby.
C. Frtunately, ding the ppsite is beneficial.
D. Then hw d yu use yur bdy clck fr better sleep?
E. Fr better sleep, perhaps make that the last thing befre bed.
F. Hwever, we dn’t have t give up t much t realize them.
G. Maybe playing basketball r ding yga will be a gd chice.
三、完形填空（15空）
On a ht afternn Rhiannn was driving her ld van dwn the highway. As she 1 her windw t let in sme fresh air, her car registratin paper blew ff the sun visr (防晒板) and nt the flr inside. When leaning dwn t 2 it, she accidentally drifted int ncming traffic. In panic, she ver-crrected and pulled the 3 sharply in the ther directin. 4 , the van rlled ver three times, and Rhiannn was thrwn nt the rad, lying in the middle f the rad and bleeding, nearly 5 .
A medical student witnessed the accident and came t her 6 . He cvered Rhiannn with his cat and gave her emergency first aid, including 7 the wund n her left arm befre the ambulance arrived.
8 , Rhiannn was rushed t a hspital where an emergency rm dctr spent hurs 9 all the pieces f windshield (挡风玻璃) frm her arm, and gave her three dzen stitches (缝针).
Luckily, Rhiannn was saved. Nt fr the bandage, she wuld nt have 10 lng enugh fr the emergency persnnel t arrive. Thugh Rhiannn didn’t knw him, she was grateful t the medical student wh saved her life. S she 11 the wrds nline, “It’s a pity that I dn’t knw yur name. If yu happen t see r hear this stry and recgnize yurself, thank yu fr yur kind 12 .”
Rhiannn als had a message fr the ther 13 heres, “Please cnsider this a pay-it-frward letter f 14 — a letter frm the 15 yu helped wh, fr whatever reasn, culdn’t thank yu themselves.”
17．A. rlled dwnB. brke ffC. turned dwnD. switched ff
18．A. stickB. grabC. tuchD. pssess
19．A. handleB. engineC. windwD. wheel
20．A. CnsequentlyB. Autmatically
C. FrequentlyD. Slwly
21．A. awakeB. astnishedC. uncnsciusD. crazy
22．A. visinB. actinC. rescueD. mind
23．A. bandagingB. curingC. pressingD. uncvering
24．A. Withut delayB. Out f sympathy
C. Fr certaintyD. In despair
25．A. tidyingB. remvingC. cllectingD. checking
26．A. sufferedB. struggledC. stayedD. survived
27．A. searchedB. brwsedC. receivedD. psted
28．A. guidanceB. gestureC. expressinD. encuragement
29．A. tirelessB. faultlessC. namelessD. speechless
30．A. aplgyB. applicatinC. invitatinD. appreciatin
31．A. peersB. strangersC. relativesD. fellws
四、短文填空
32．The Peasants (II)
At nn they he up weeds;
Their sweat drips n the sil.
Wh knws the rice that feeds
Is the fruit f hard til!
Fd is a necessity fr survival. But d yu knw hw much wrk ges int prducing it? The pem The Peasants (II), ① (write) by Li Shen, a Tang Dynasty pet, shws ② (we) the hardship f the peasants.
The first tw lines describe a cmmn scene ③ peasants are wrking their lands at nn with the sun ④ (hang) high in the sky, sweat dripping. In the last tw lines, the pet ⑤ (direct) pints ut that the rice we eat is the fruit f peasants’ hard wrk.
Simple as the pem is in its language, it is prfund in the theme, reminding peple ⑥ the significance f treasuring fd. Accrding t the FAO, an estimated 1.3 billin tns f fd, r ne-third f ⑦ ttal fd prduced fr human cnsumptin, is wasted glbally each year. Therefre, it’s highly suggested that every grain f rice ⑧ (value). In China, we have adpted a law n fd waste ⑨ (ffer) legal backing t the cuntry’s effrts which nt nly safeguard fd security ⑩ prmte the traditinal virtue f thrift (节俭) as well.
Next time yu want t thrw away fd, please think twice.
五、书面表达
33．假设你是育才中学高三学生李华，上周六你参加了学校举办的大学生返校分享活动。请为校英语报写一篇英文报道。内容如下：
1.活动目的；
2.活动内容；
3.活动反响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Cllege Students’ Sharing
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I clearly remember the day I walked int class with a big change — my very first pair f eye glasses and I was the first t wear glasses in my primary schl. I was filled with excitement, eager t shw them ff t my friends. I had chsen pink framed glasses, thinking they wuld lk fantastic n me.
I had never wrn glasses befre, s selecting them felt like a fun shpping experience. I gt t pick the shape I liked and even chse a pretty pink and purple clur cmbinatin.
The reasn behind getting the glasses was my pr eyesight. I culdn’t cpy wrds and prper grammar frm the blackbard because I sat at the back f the class, and everything was t vague fr me t see. My friend wuld read alud every phrase t me s that I culd write them dwn, like a parrt.
Wearing thse glasses was like stepping int a 3D cinematic wrld. I culd see everything as clearly and each tiny detail felt like a delightful surprise.
Hwever, n the day I wre my glasses t schl, everyne’s reactin t my transfrmatin was beynd my expectatin. All the bys laughed and even teased me. Sme kind-hearted girls frced a smile and tld me that my glasses lked gd n me, but I knew they didn’t. They all lied.
Thugh I needed thse glasses mre than I wanted them, yet I started t dislike my new glasses in the fllwing week. A mnth passed, my classmates still weren’t used t seeing me in glasses and I tk them ff during the lunch break r when the classes were dismissed. Hwever, little did I knw that my decisin t wear them wuld change the lives f many f my friends.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One Mnday, ne f my friends lked at me with curisity.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A week later, I was shcked t see the same friend return t schl with a pair f glasses.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由文章England部分中“After the King’s r Queen’s annual Christmas speech, it’s time fr the main meal, typically including a turkey r rast beef accmpanied by varius side dishes. (在国王或女王的年度圣诞演讲之后，是吃正餐的时间，通常包括火鸡或烤牛肉以及各种配菜。)”可知，在圣诞节庆祝活动中，英国有一年一度的王室致辞。故选B。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由文章Italy部分中“Similar t France, Italians celebrate Christmas n the eve. The lcals typically attend midnight Mass and then indulge in a lavish meal befre heading t church. (和法国人一样，意大利人在圣诞节前夕庆祝圣诞节。当地人通常会参加午夜弥撒，然后在去教堂之前享受一顿丰盛的大餐。)”和Greece部分中“After attending an early mrning hly cmmunin in church n Christmas, Greeks g hme fr an all-day eating gathering. (在圣诞节清晨参加完教堂的圣餐后，希腊人会回家吃上一整天。)”可知，要体验宗教氛围，最好在意大利和希腊。故选D。
3．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“The cuisine that marks Christmas is as diverse as the peple feasting n it. Here’s a lk at hw the lcals celebrate Christmas thrugh cuisine in their cuntries, which will give yu a glimpse f the celebratins. (庆祝圣诞节的美食和享用圣诞大餐的人一样丰富多彩。下面我们来看看当地人是如何通过美食来庆祝圣诞节的，这将让你对庆祝活动有一个大致的了解。)”可知，这段话可能来自杂志的节日和传统一栏。故选C。
4．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“The 10-kilmeter-lng rute, which is between 20 centimeters and 1 meter wide, is knwn as the “cat rad” by lcals, meaning that it is s dangerus that nly cats culd walk n it.(这条路长10公里，宽20厘米到1米，被当地人称为“猫路”，意思是这条路非常危险，只有猫才能在上面走)”可知，因为这条路太窄，风险太大，只有猫才能在上面走，所以被称为“猫路”。故选C项。
5．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据前文“One day in the winter f 2003, the “cat rad” was cvered in thick snw and he slipped ff the trail.(2003年冬天的一天，“猫路”被厚厚的积雪覆盖，他滑下了小路)”在结合后文“grabbing a tree branch(抓住一根树枝)”可知，他滑下了小路，但是他抓住一根树枝，应是阻止了急剧的下降，推知descent意为“下降”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
6．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Fr nearly tw decades, a thin, sun-burnt pstal wrker culd frequently be seen carrying packages alng a dangerus muntain trail in the Taihang Muntains.(近二十年来，在太行山的一条危险的山路上，经常可以看到一个瘦削的、被太阳晒得黝黑的邮递员拎着包裹)”以及第三段“Every day at the crack f dawn, he wuld start his jurney alng the “cat rad”. Frm picking up the day’s pst t delivering it t villagers and returning alng the same rute, it tk Zha fur days. During rainy and snwy seasns, the muntain rad, part f which hugs the cliffs, wuld becme slippery and dangerus.(每天天一亮，他就沿着“猫路”出发。从取当天的邮件到把邮件送到村民手中，再沿着同一条路线返回，赵花了四天时间。在雨季和雪季，这条山道会变得很滑很危险，因为有一部分山道紧靠悬崖)”可知，赵岳芳20年来一直在太行山一条被称为“猫路”的危险山路上投递邮件，他坚持不懈、有奉献精神，即使路线危险也不放弃，因此最能描述他的词语是“Persistent and dedicated(坚持不懈和奉献的)”。故选A项。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Brn and raised in the deep muntains, Zha truly understands the significance f mail deliveries t villagers. “They depend n the mail t keep in tuch with the utside wrld,” he said. “Their sheer jy written n their face while receiving any pst struck me,” he added.(在深山中出生和长大的赵真正理解给村民送邮件的意义。“他们依靠邮件与外界保持联系，”他说。他补充说：“他们在收到任何邮件时脸上写着的那种纯粹的快乐让我印象深刻。”)”可知，赵出生长大在深山，他真切理解邮件传递对于村民的重要性，所以是邮件传递的价值一直激励着赵对于工作的热情。故选D项。
8．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“In his bk The Status Game, he argues that human beings are deeply driven by status. Rather than abut being liked r accepted, he writes, it’s abut being better than thers. ‘When peple are bedient t us, ffer respect, admiratin r praise, that’s status. It feels gd.’(在他的著作《地位游戏》中，他认为人类深受地位的驱使。他写道，这不是关于被喜欢或被接受，而是关于比别人更好。‘当人们顺从我们，给予尊重、钦佩或赞美时，这就是地位。感觉很好。’)”可知，Will Strr的作品核心在于追求更高的地位，要比别人更好，B项“追求卓越”符合题意，故选B。
9．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Over the curse f life, we find things t lve and cmmit t — a jb, a partner r a cmmunity. At times, we struggle t learn frm ur misfrtunes t grw in wisdm, kindness and grace.(在生命的过程中，我们会找到一些值得热爱和承诺的事情—一份工作、一个伴侣或一个社区。有时，我们挣扎着从不幸中学习，在智慧、善良和优雅中成长)”和第四段中“It’s abut cultivating the higher desires: the lve f truth and learning; the inner pleasure the craftsman gets in his wrk, which is nt abut ppularity, and the desire fr a gd and meaningful life that inspires peple t practise daily acts f genersity.(它是关于培养更高的愿望：对真理和学习的热爱；工匠从他的作品中获得的内心愉悦，与受欢迎与否无关，以及对美好而有意义的生活的渴望，激励着人们践行慷慨的日常行为)”可知，C项“承诺和善良”可以被视为更高的动机，故选C。
10．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第四段中“I think Strr is in danger f becming ne f thse guys wh ignre the nble desires f the human heart and the caring element in every friendship and family. The status-mad wrld that Strr describes is s lveless. In fact, gaming as a way f life is immature. Maturity means rising abve the shallw desire — fr status —that desn’t really nurish us. It’s abut cultivating the higher desires…(我认为斯托尔有可能成为那些忽视人类内心的崇高愿望和每一份友谊和家庭中的关怀元素的人之一。Strr所描述的这个为地位而疯狂的世界是如此缺乏爱。事实上，游戏作为一种生活方式是不成熟的。成熟意味着超越肤浅的欲望—对地位的渴望—这并不能真正滋养我们。它是关于培养更高的愿望)”可知，文章首句“Is life a stry r a game?(生活是一个故事还是一场游戏?)”提出问题：生活是一个故事还是一场游戏？接着提到了作家Will Strr对此问题的回答，Will Strr认为生活就是一系列的游戏，人类深受地位的驱使，接着作者提到这种生活态度是不成熟的，故本文目的是纠正一种态度，故选A。
11．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“It’s abut cultivating the higher desires: the lve f truth and learning; the inner pleasure the craftsman gets in his wrk, which is nt abut ppularity, and the desire fr a gd and meaningful life that inspires peple t practise daily acts f genersity.(它是关于培养更高的愿望：对真理和学习的热爱；工匠从他的作品中获得的内心愉悦，与受欢迎与否无关，以及对美好而有意义的生活的渴望，激励着人们践行慷慨的日常行为)”和最后一段“Hw d peple gradually learn t cultivate these higher mtivatins? T answer that, I’d have t tell yu a stry.(人们如何逐渐学会培养这些更高的动机？要回答这个问题，我得给你讲个故事)”可知，更高的愿望是对真理和学习的热爱和对美好而有意义的生活的渴望，作者接下来要讲述关于如何培养这些更高动机的故事，C项“一个袁隆平式的故事”符合更高动机的内涵，故选C。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“The questin, knwn as Mlyneux’s prblem, is abut whether the human mind has a built-in cncept f shapes that is s inbrn that a blind persn culd immediately recgnize an bject with restred visin. Alternatively, the cncepts f shapes are nt inbrn but have t be learned by explring an bject thrugh sight, tuch and ther senses.(这个问题被称为Mlyneux的问题，是关于人类大脑是否有一种内在的形状概念，这种概念是天生的，以至于盲人可以在恢复视力的情况下立即认出物体。另外，形状的概念不是天生的，而是必须通过视觉、触觉和其他感官探索物体来学习的)”可知，Mlyneux问题的内容是人类的形状观念是天生的还是后天习得的。故选B项。
13．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“After their attempt t test it in blind children failed, Lars Chittka f Queen Mary University f Lndn and his team carried ut anther experiment n bumblebees. T test whether bumblebees can frm an internal representatin f bjects, they first trained the insects t distinguish glbes frm cubes using a sugar reward. The bees were first trained in the light, where they culd see but nt tuch the bjects. Then they were tested in the dark, where they culd tuch but nt see the items. The researchers fund that the insects spent mre time in cntact with the shape they had been trained t assciate with the sugar reward, even thugh they had t rely n tuch rather than sight t distinguish the bjects.(在他们试图在失明儿童身上进行测试失败后，伦敦玛丽女王大学的Lars Chittka和他的团队在大黄蜂身上进行了另一项实验。为了测试大黄蜂是否能形成对物体的内部表征，他们首先用糖奖励来训练大黄蜂区分球形和立方体。蜜蜂首先在光线下训练，在那里它们可以看到但不能触摸物体。然后他们在黑暗中进行测试，在那里他们可以触摸但看不到物品。研究人员发现，这些昆虫花了更多的时间来接触它们被训练成与糖奖励相关联的形状，尽管它们必须依靠触觉而不是视觉来区分物体)”可知，Lrs Chittka和他的同事是通过控制实验来研究Mlyneux问题。故选B项。
14．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hwever, sme experts express their warning s against the result. Jnathan Birch, a philspher f science, cautins that the bees may have had prir experience assciating visual and tactile (触觉) infrmatin abut straight edges and curved surfaces in their nests.(然而，一些专家对这一结果提出了警告。科学哲学家乔纳森·伯奇(Jnathan Birch)警告说，蜜蜂可能已经有了将巢中的直边和曲面的视觉和触觉信息联系起来的经验)”可知，Jnathan Birch认为蜜蜂可能已经有了将巢中的直边和曲面的视觉和触觉信息联系起来的经验，所以是持怀疑的态度。故选A项。
15．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“The questin, knwn as Mlyneux’s prblem, is abut whether the human mind has a built-in cncept f shapes that is s inbrn that a blind persn culd immediately recgnize an bject with restred visin. Alternatively, the cncepts f shapes are nt inbrn but have t be learned by explring an bject thrugh sight, tuch and ther senses.(这个问题被称为Mlyneux的问题，是关于人类大脑是否有一种内在的形状概念，这种概念是天生的，以至于盲人可以在恢复视力的情况下立即认出物体。另外，形状的概念不是天生的，而是必须通过视觉、触觉和其他感官探索物体来学习的)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了Mlyneux问题，并通过大黄蜂来进行实验研究，所以D项“Bumblebees May Help Slve Mlyneux’s Prblem(大黄蜂可能帮助Mlyneux解决问题)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。
16．答案：FDCBG
解析：①根据前文“Many f us hpe t make changes fr the better fr the new year, and health gals tend t be at the tp f that list. Smetimes New Year’s wishes require sme sacrifices.(我们中的许多人都希望在新的一年里做出更好的改变，而健康目标往往是最重要的。有时新年愿望需要一些牺牲)”以及后文“Belw are sme achievable daily habits that keep yur verall health.(以下是一些可以实现的日常习惯，可以保持你的整体健康)”可知，前文讲述新年愿望需要一些牺牲，后文开始介绍一些可以实现的日常习惯，前后为转折关系，所以空处应和前文转折，F项“Hwever, we dn’t have t give up t much t realize them.(然而，我们不需要放弃太多来实现它们)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文。故选F项。
②根据前文“Yur bdy needs time nt nly t rest and recharge, but als t d imprtant wrk like learning new things. Experts suggest teenagers shuld get at least eight hurs sleep each day. If this is a challenge fr yu, turn t yur circadian rhythm, which tells yu the right time t sleep and wake up.(你的身体不仅需要时间休息和充电，还需要时间做一些重要的工作，比如学习新事物。专家建议青少年每天至少要保证8小时的睡眠。如果这对你来说是一个挑战，求助于你的昼夜节律，它会告诉你正确的睡觉和起床时间)”可知，本文的主题是，要成好好休息的习惯，如果有困难可以求助于你的昼夜节律，所以D项“Then hw d yu use yur bdy clck fr better sleep?(那么如何利用生物钟来获得更好的睡眠呢?)”符合本段主题，且bdy clck和circadian rhythm为同义词，后文“Just g t bed and get up at the same time every day.(每天在同一时间睡觉和起床)”是对本句的回答。故选D项。
③根据前文“In fact, studies have fund that screen addictin has a negative influence n ur health.(事实上，研究发现，屏幕成瘾对我们的健康有负面影响)”以及后文“Keeping away frm screen can imprve yur sleep and reduce depressin and anxiety. Thus, remember t spare time each day when yu’re screen-free.(远离屏幕可以改善你的睡眠，减少抑郁和焦虑。因此，记得每天在远离屏幕的时候抽出时间)”可知，前文讲述屏幕成瘾对我们的健康有负面影响，后文讲述远离屏幕有益，所以前后为转折关系，所以C项“Frtunately, ding the ppsite is beneficial.(幸运的是，相反的做法是有益的)”起到过渡作用，承接前后文。故选C项。
④分析设空，为本段小标题，根据后文“Yur healthy habits can als be fun and rewarding. What have yu always wanted t d? Yur answer t that questin might pint yu tward a new hbby t explre in 2024.(你的健康习惯也可以是有趣和有益的。你一直想做什么?你对这个问题的回答可能会让你在2024年探索一个新的爱好)”可知，本段讲述是培养一个新的爱好，所以B项“Take n a new hbby.(培养新的爱好)”为本段小标题。故选B项。
⑤空处位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Yur healthy habits can als be fun and rewarding. What have yu always wanted t d? Yur answer t that questin might pint yu tward a new hbby t explre in 2024. And getting int it can help yu reduce stress and bst mental well-being. Plus, sme hbbies can get yu mving, bsting yur physical and mental health.(你的健康习惯也可以是有趣和有益的。你一直想做什么?你对这个问题的回答可能会让你在2024年探索一个新的爱好。投入其中可以帮助你减轻压力，促进心理健康。此外，一些爱好可以让你动起来，促进你的身心健康)”可知，本段讲述培养一个新的爱好，所以G项“Maybe playing basketball r ding yga will be a gd chice.(也许打篮球或做瑜伽会是一个不错的选择)”是对前文的具体举例，符合文意。故选G项。
17．答案：A
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她摇下车窗让新鲜空气进来时，她的汽车登记纸从遮阳板上吹到了里面的地板上。A. rlled dwn摇下；B. brke ff中断；C. turned dwn拒绝；D. switched ff关闭。根据前文“Rhiannn was driving her ld van”以及后文“t let in sme fresh air”可知，她在开车，要让新鲜空气进来，应是摇下车窗。故选A项。
18．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她弯下腰去抓它时，她不小心撞到了迎面而来的车辆上。A. stick粘贴；B. grab抓住；C. tuch触摸；D. pssess具有。根据前文“her car registratin paper blew ff the sun visr (防晒板) and nt the flr inside.”可知，她的汽车登记纸从遮阳板上吹到了里面的地板上，所以应是弯下腰去抓它。故选B项。
19．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：慌乱中，她矫枉过正，朝另一个方向猛打方向盘。A. handle手柄；B. engine发动机；C. windw窗口；D. wheel方向盘。根据前文“she accidentally drifted int ncming traffic”以及“In panic”可知，她不小心撞到了迎面而来的车辆，她很慌乱，结合实际，应是猛打方向盘。故选D项。
20．答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果，面包车翻了三次，Rhiannn被扔到路上，躺在路中间流血，几乎失去知觉。A. Cnsequently因此；B. Autmatically自动地；C. Frequently经常；D. Slwly慢速地。根据后文“the van rlled ver three times, and Rhiannn was thrwn nt the rad”可知，此处应是她猛打方向盘的结果。故选A项。
21．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，面包车翻了三次，Rhiannn被扔到路上，躺在路中间流血，几乎失去知觉。A. awake醒着；B. astnished吃惊；C. uncnscius无意识；D. crazy疯狂的。根据前文“the van rlled ver three times, and Rhiannn was thrwn nt the rad, lying in the middle f the rad and bleeding”可知，Rhiannn发生了很严重的车祸，应是几乎失去知觉。故选C项。
22．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名医学生目睹了这次事故，并赶来救了她。A. visin视力；B. actin行动；C. rescue救援；D. mind大脑。根据后文“He cvered Rhiannn with his cat and gave her emergency first aid”可知，这名医学生在救Rhiannn。故选C项。
23．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用自己的外套盖住了Rhiannn，并对她进行了紧急急救，包括在救护车到来之前包扎她左臂的伤口。A. bandaging用绷带包扎；B. curing治愈；C. pressing按；D. uncvering发现。根据前文“He cvered Rhiannn with his cat and gave her emergency first aid”以及后文“the wund n her left arm”可知，这名医学生对Rhiannn进行了紧急急救，所以此处应是包扎她左臂的伤口。故选A项。
24．答案：A
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：Rhiannn立即被送往医院，一位急诊室医生花了几个小时从她的手臂上取出所有挡风玻璃碎片，并给她缝了36针。A. Withut delay立即；B. Out f sympathy出于同情；C. Fr certainty无疑地；D. In despair失望地。根据后文“Rhiannn was rushed t a hspital”可知，Rhiannn发生了严重车祸，所以应是立即被送往医院。故选A项。
25．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rhiannn立即被送往医院，一位急诊室医生花了几个小时从她的手臂上取出所有挡风玻璃碎片，并给她缝了36针。A. tidying整理；B. remving去除；C. cllecting收集；D. checking检查。根据后文“all the pieces f windshield (挡风玻璃) frm her arm”可知，应是从她的手臂上取出所有挡风玻璃碎片，符合语境。故选B项。
26．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果没有绷带，她不可能活到急救人员赶到。A. suffered遭受；B. struggled斗争；C. stayed保持；D. survived存活。根据前文“Nt fr the bandage”以及后文“lng enugh fr the emergency persnnel t arrive.”可知，此处表达“如果没有绷带，她不可能活到急救人员赶到”之意。故选D项。
27．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是她在网上发帖说：“很遗憾我不知道你的名字。如果你碰巧看到或听到这个故事，并认出了自己，谢谢你善意的举动。”A. searched搜索；B. brwsed浏览；C. received收到；D. psted发布。根据后文“the wrds nline”可知，在网上，应是发帖说。故选D项。
28．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是她在网上发帖说：“很遗憾我不知道你的名字。如果你碰巧看到或听到这个故事，并认出了自己，谢谢你善意的举动。”A. guidance指导；B. gesture姿态、表示；C. expressin表达；D. encuragement鼓励。根据前文“A medical student witnessed the accident and came t her _____.”可知，这名医学生救了她，所以是感谢他的善意行为，kind gesture意为“善意的举动”。故选B项。
29．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rhiannn还对其他无名英雄说了一句话：“请把这封感谢信看作是对你的感谢—一封来自你帮助过的陌生人的感谢信，不管出于什么原因，他们自己都无法感谢你。”A. tireless不知疲倦的；B. faultless完美无缺的；C. nameless无名的；D. speechless说不出话的。根据前文“It’s a pity that I dn’t knw yur name.”可知，Rhiannn不知道谁帮助了自己，要感谢的是无名英雄。故选C项。
30．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rhiannn还对其他无名英雄说了一句话：“请把这封感谢信看作是对你的感谢—一封来自你帮助过的陌生人的感谢信，不管出于什么原因，他们自己都无法感谢你。”A. aplgy道歉；B. applicatin应用；C. invitatin邀请；D. appreciatin感谢。根据后文“fr whatever reasn, culdn’t thank yu themselves”可知，这是一封感谢信。故选D项。
31．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rhiannn还对其他无名英雄说了一句话：“请把这封感谢信看作是对你的感谢—一封来自你帮助过的陌生人的感谢信，不管出于什么原因，他们自己都无法感谢你。”A. peers同辈；B. strangers陌生人；C. relatives亲属；D. fellws同事。根据前文“Rhiannn als had a message fr the ther _______ heres”可知，这给无名英雄的信，因为不知道彼此的名字，所以是一封来自你帮助过的陌生人的感谢信。故选B项。
32．答案：written ； us ； where ；hanging；directly ；f ；the；be valued/shuld be valued ；t ffer ；but
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意：唐代诗人李绅所写的《悯农》(二)，向我们展示了农民的艰苦生活。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词shws，所以write用非谓语形式，在句中作后置定语，修饰The Peasants (II)，根据空后的by和句意可知，动词write和The Peasants (II)之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填written。
②考查代词。句意：唐代诗人李绅所写的《悯农》(二)，向我们展示了农民的艰苦生活。空前是动词，所以空处应填宾格形式作宾语，应是us。故填us。
③考查定语从句。句意：前两行描述了一个常见的场景：正午，太阳高悬在天空中，农民在他们的土地上劳作，汗水淋漓。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是scene，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。
④考查非谓语动词。句意：前两行描述了一个常见的场景：正午，太阳高悬在天空中，农民在他们的土地上劳作，汗水淋漓。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词，所以hang用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语the sun之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填hanging。
⑤考查副词。句意：在最后两行诗中，诗人直接指出，我们吃的米饭是农民辛勤劳动的成果。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词修饰。故填directly。
⑥考查介词。句意：虽然这首诗的语言很简单，但它的主题却很深刻，提醒人们珍惜食物的重要性。此处是固定搭配：remind sb. f sth.意为“提醒某人某事”。故填f。
⑦考查冠词。句意：据联合国粮农组织估计，全球每年有13亿吨食物被浪费，占人类消费食物总量的三分之一。此处是固定搭配：the ttal意为“总数”。故填the。
⑧考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：因此，强烈建议珍惜每一粒米。本句是suggest引导的宾语从句，从句需用虚拟语气，又主语rice和value之间是被动关系，用被动语态，所以用(shuld) be valued结构，其中shuld可省略。故填be valued或者shuld be valued。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国，我们已经通过了一项关于食物浪费的法律，为国家在保障粮食安全的同时促进节俭的传统美德的努力提供法律支持。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词have adpted，所以ffer用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填t ffer。
⑩考查连词。句意：句意：在中国，我们已经通过了一项关于食物浪费的法律，为国家在保障粮食安全的同时促进节俭的传统美德的努力提供法律支持。此处是固定搭配：nt 意为“不但……而且”。故填but。
33．答案：
T enrich ur schl life and imprve the learning atmsphere, ur schl launched Cllege Students’ Sharing last week.
Students wh graduated frm ur schl actively participated in this event. The event cntained a variety f exciting activities including lectures, bk dnatins and celebrity recmmendatins fr must-readbks. Sme utstanding graduates were als invited t share their learning experiences with us.
The event has prduced a great influence, greatly enhancing ur appetite fr knwledge and fstering a lve f reading, which is cnducive t facing the cllege entrance examinatin with ease and cnfidence.
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校举办的大学生返校分享活动为校英语报写一篇英文报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提升：imprve→prmte
开展：launch→carry ut
参加：participate in→take part in
各种各样的：a variety f→all kinds f
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：T enrich ur schl life and imprve the learning atmsphere, ur schl launched a Cllege Students’ Sharing event last week.
同义句：Our schl launched a Cllege Students’ Sharing activity last week, which aimed t enrich ur schl life and imprve the learning atmsphere.
【高分句型1】Students wh graduated frm ur schl actively participated in this event. (运用了wh引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】The event has prduced a great influence, greatly enhancing ur appetite fr knwledge and fstering a lve f reading, which is cnducive t facing the cllege entrance examinatin with ease and cnfidence.(运用了现在分词作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
34．答案：
One Mnday, ne f my friends lked at me with curisity. Cnfused, I inquired abut her fascinatin. She extended her hands and asked if she culd try my glasses n, her eyes sparkling with expectatin. Surprised as I was, I handed them t her withut hesitatin. She put them n, her jaw drpping in amazement. “Unbelievable! I can see the items in distance s clearly withut narrwing my eyes!”she exclaimed. “That was exactly hw I felt sme time ag.” I identified with her, a secret smile flitting between us.
A week later, I was shcked t see the same friend return t schl with a pair fglasses. Sensing the surprised lk n my face, she grinned, “Yur new glasses shwed me that I needed t get my eyes checked and wear glasses t.” With time ticking by, thse with pr eyesight in the class started wearing glasses t, inspired by me. Never had I thught that I culd make such a psitive impact n my classmates. Frm then n, I needn’t wrry abut being teased with glasses n. What matters is that we can see the wrld mre clearly.
解析：本文以眼镜为线索展开，讲述了作者因为视力原因，配了一幅眼镜去学校，结果受到全班同学的嘲笑，导致作者一度不喜欢自己的眼镜，一天，她的一位朋友试戴了她的眼睛，发现可以让视力如此清晰，于是她也去配了副眼镜，之后，班上视力不好的同学都去配了眼镜。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一个星期一，我的一个朋友好奇地看着我。”可知，第一段可描写作者的朋友向作者借眼镜试戴，以及试戴后的感受。
②由第二段首句内容“一个星期后，我震惊地看到同一个朋友带着一副眼镜回到学校。”可知，第二段可描写受作者启发，班上视力不好的同学都去配了眼镜以及作者的感悟。
2. 续写线索：戴眼镜上学—被嘲笑—感到伤心—朋友试戴—朋友也配了眼镜—更多同学佩戴了眼镜—感悟。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①询问：inquired/asked/questined
②递给：handed/gave/passed
③展示：shwed/revealed/demnstrated
情绪类
①惊讶的：surprised/astnished/amazed
②困惑的：cnfused/puzzled/bewildered
[高分句型1]She extended her hands and asked if she culd try my glasses n, her eyes sparkling with expectatin.(if引导的宾语从句和独立主格结构)
[高分句型2]Never had I thught that I culd make such a psitive impact n my classmates.(never开头的倒装句以及that引导的宾语从句)