2024年中考英语专题复习---形容词和副词课件

这是一份2024年中考英语专题复习---形容词和副词课件，共52页。PPT课件主要包含了初中只需掌握以下规则，采用构词法，1规则变化，2不规则变化，valuable ，lively ，relaxed，carelessly，clearly ，smoothly等内容，欢迎下载使用。

考点：词性转换/级/词义辨析
形容词：修饰n./（复合不定）代词；副词：修饰------“聚富行动”
词性转换----adj. adv.
形容词变副词的规则（+ly）
1. 一般的直接+ly； real---really；quick---quickly；quiet---quietly
2. 以辅音字母+y结尾，发音为/ɪ/，变y为i，再+ly； happy---happily； lucky/unlucky；health/unhealthy；busy；easy；angry；hungry；lazy dry---dryly shy---shyly sly---slyly
3. 以-le结尾的，去e加y terrible---terribly simple---simply gentle---gently pssible---pssibly prbable---prbably respnsible---respnsibly
注意：whle（整个的，全部的）---whlly
4. true---truly full---fully（充分地）
注意：（1）有些副词无形容词形式（如：频度副词）
（2）形副同形 early, late, fast, hard, high （早晚快努力才会提高）
（3）以-ly结尾的形容词 friendly, lvely, lively, daily, ugly, lnely, likely
（4）gd---well （well作adj. 指“身体好，身体健康”）
词性转换----adj. 其他词性
由“数词+连字符+名词(+形容词)”构成的 合成形容词作定语时，该名词用单数形式。
某些形容词加上定冠词可表泛指或整体，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
After the earthquake, the sldiers tried their best t take the wunded t the safety.地震发生后,士兵们竭尽全力把伤员送到安全的地方。
空格处用形容词的一般情况：①位于系动词后作表语;②位于名词前作定语;③位于复合不定代词之后,修饰复合不定代词;④位于宾语之后作宾补,常与make , leave , keep等动词连用。
空格处用形容词的一般情况：①修饰实义动词、系动词、助动词或情态动词。 (副词修饰动词时，常放在动词的后面；频度副词通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。)②位于句首作状语, 修饰整个句子;③修饰形容词或其他副词。(副词修饰形容词或副词时，常放在被修饰词之前；enugh修饰形容词或副词时，要放在被修饰词之后)
1. 通过分析具体的语境来辨析副词的词义。2. 按意义分类初中阶段需要掌握的几类副词：(1) 时间副词：表示时间的, 如nw, then, tday, tmrrw, yesterday, befre, ag, sn, immediately, late, early, recently, already, yet, ever等；表示频度的, 如always, ften, usually, smetimes, seldm, never, hardly ever等。
(2) 地点副词：here, there, smewhere, anywhere, utdrs, indrs, upstairs, dwnstairs, abrad, nearby, away, ff, hme等。(3) 方式副词：quickly, happily, ludly, suddenly, badly, easily, quietly等。(4) 程度副词：very, s, quite, t, much, rather, nearly等。
3. 按功用分类需掌握的几类副词：(1) 句子副词：luckily, actually, traditinally等，通常修饰整个句子。(2) 连接副词：besides, hwever等，在句子和分句之间起连接作用。(3) 疑问副词：hw, where, when, why, hw lng, hw sn, hw ften, hw far 等，用来引导特殊疑问句。(4) 缩合连接副词(关联词)：hw, where, when, 等，可用来连接宾语从句。(5) 关系副词：when, where, why等，用来引导定语从句。
多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。
（一）原级：即形容词或副词的原形。原级前可用very，quite，t，enugh，s等副词修饰。
I’m very hungry.
My sister runs quite fast.
(1) 表示两者在某一方面相同：as + adj./adv.原形 + as This dress is as beautiful as that ne. Linda sings as well as Amy.
(2) 表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时 ：nt as/s + adj./adv.原形 + asTm isn’t as/s tall as me.I dn’t sing as/s ludly as my sister.
A + less adj./adv.原级+than + B
形容词、副词的比较级 、最高级
形容词和副词比较级的构成：+er/mre； 最高级的构成：+est/mst
练：写出下列单词的比较级和最高级cl __________ __________ 2. tall __________ __________ 3. shrt __________ __________ 4. small __________ __________ ld __________ __________ 6. large __________ __________ 7 . quietly __________ __________ 8. fine __________ __________ wet __________ __________ 10. ht __________ __________ 11. thin __________ __________ 12. busy __________ __________ 13. heavy __________ __________ 14. happy __________ __________ 15. dry __________ __________ 16. friendly __________ __________ 17. serius __________ __________ 18. well __________ __________ 19. much __________ __________ 20. little __________ __________ 21. smart __________ __________ 22. fast __________ __________ 23. high __________ __________ 24. ppular __________ __________ 25. great __________ __________ 26. simple __________ __________
形容词、副词的比较级的用法
1.定义比较级：两者进行比较, 表示“一方比另一方更……”比较级的常用句型结构（1）“A + be + adj.比较级+ than + B”“A +实义动词+ adv.比较级+ than + B”；意为“A 比 B 更……”。Mark is mre utging than Tny. I did wrse in the exam than Sally. （2）“A+ is + the +adj.比较级+ f the tw（+复数n）”；意为“A是两者中较的” Tm is the taller f the tw (bys).
( B如果为人称代词时，主格、宾格均可使用)
（3）“比较级+ and +比较级”或“mre and mre +原级（多音节或部分双音节词）”；意为“越来越”。 Our life is getting better and better. The flwers are mre and mre beautiful.（4）“ the +比较级（+从句）, the +比较级（+从句）” ； 意为：“越……，就越……” The mre yu eat, the fatter yu will be.特殊疑问词+be +adj.比较级，A r B?特殊疑问词+实义动词+adv.比较级，A r B?Which is bigger, the mn r the sun?Wh sings better, Linda r Mary?
3. 常见的比较级修饰词（1）much/a lt/far +比较级 “……得多” Lily is much smarter than befre.（2）a little/a bit+比较级 “稍微……” Can yu cme t schl a little earlier tmrrw?（3）even+比较级 “甚至……”（或者不译）The bk is even mre useful than that ne.
形容词、副词的最高级的用法
1.定义 最高级：表示“最……”，用于三者或三者以上(人或物)进行比较。形容词的最高级前一般要加定冠词the, 但如果前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格等修饰语时, 则不用定冠词the。副词最高级前面的the, 可以省略。2. 最高级的常用句型结构（1）“主语+ be + the + adj.最高级+ in/f 短语”； 意为“……是……中最……的”。Mark is the mst utging in his class.Mark is the mst utging f all the students.
（注：in+单位/团体/场所；f(amng)+与主语同类的名词或代词）
（2）“主语+ 实义动词+ (the )+ adv.最高级+ in/f短语”；意为“……是……中最……的”。I run (the) fastest in my class.I run (the) fastest f all the students.（3）“主语+ be + ne f the + adj.最高级+复数名词+ in/f短语”；意为“……是……中最……的……之一”。This huse is ne f the ldest buildings in ur twn. （4）“the +序数词+ adj.最高级+ n. ”；意为“第几最……的” The Yellw River is the secnd river in China.
（5）“特殊疑问词+be + the + adj.最高级，A, B r C?” Which cuntry is the largest, China, Russia r the UK?（6）“特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形+(the )+ adv.最高级，A, B r C?” Which cuntry d yu like best, China, Russia r the UK?
3. 比较级表示最高级（1）“比较级 +than any ther +单数名词” 意为“比其他任何一个都……” “比较级 +than the ther +复数名词” 意为“比其他的都……” （在同一范围内作比较） China is larger than any ther cuntry in Asia. =China is larger than the ther cuntries in Asia Mary sings mre beautifully than any ther student in ur class. = Mary sings the mst beautifully in ur class.
（2）“比较级 +than any +单数名词” 意为“比其他任何……都……” （不在同一范围内作比较） China is larger than any cuntry in Africa.
（3）在某些语境的句子中， 否定词+比较级=最高级（可不讲），意为“再没有比……更……的了” I like nthing better than swimming.N ne is taller than him in his class.I can never have a better teacher than Mr. Li.
Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. We shuld make urselves _________(value) s that the cmpany wn't want t lse us.2. My brthers are always full f energy and they are s _______(live).3. The ___________(interest) talk shw made lts f peple _______(relax).4. T prtect the earth, we mustn't thrw away the waste __________(care). 5. It's nisy utside. I can't hear yu _______. (clear)  6. Listen! The bss is shuting again. Has he ever said anything __________ (peaceful)?  7. Once a week my business suit is _________(smth) irned.8. Our manager greeted the guests _______ with a smile at the entrance. (plite) 
interesting
peacefully 
Ⅱ. 用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. I was bleeding _______ frm the cut.2. We bth slept _______ and felt terrible the next day.3. They ________ believe their children shuld make chices fr themselves.4. Our schl has ___________ changed ver these years.5. The clr red is _______________ cnnected with happy events in China.
traditinally
 1. The ORBIS dctr advised the girl t have the peratin t prevent her eye prblem getting much _______(bad).      2. —Hw shall we travel? By train r by plane？ —Let's g by train. It's _________(cheap).  
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
3. Alice cks as _______(gd) as her mther des.       4. It is _______(gd) t listen than t speak.            5. The effect f this kind f medicine needs _______(far) study befre it can be widely used. 6. I think playing vide games is a waste f time. It is ___________________(meaningful) thing.
the least meaningful 
7. My sister has big feet, but I have _______(big) nes. I even take size 41 shes.8. As ur children get bigger, ur huse seems t get _______(small).9. The _______(few) cars we use, the _______(little) pllutin there will be.
10. Paul's manners seem t get _______(bad) and _______(bad). His parents are very wrried abut him.11. —Which flwer is ________________ (beautiful), rses, sunflwers r lilies? —I like sunflwers.12. —Many girl students think English is ______________(difficult) than math.  —I agree. I'm weak in math.
the mst beautiful
less difficult
13. —What d yu think f the bk? —It is ___________________(wnderful) ne I've ever read.14. The five-star htel is _________________ (enjyable) in twn and I ften stay there n business.
the mst wnderful 
the mst enjyable
1. —Mum, culd yu buy me a dress like this, please? —Of curse. We can buy ne than this, but it. A. a better; better than B. a wrse; as gd as C. a cheaper; as gd as D. a mre imprtant; nt as gd as
2. Of the three bks，the blue ne ______ . A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest
3. Tina is as ______ as her sister, Tara. A. utging B. mre utging C. the mst utging
4. Nbdy wrked the math prblem ut. It was ______ ne f all. A. easier B. the easiest C. mre difficult D. the mst difficult
5. Wu Dajiang, a ________ Chinese skater, set a new wrld recrd at the Shrt Track Wrld Cup last year. A. 25-year-ldB. 25 year ld C. 25-year-ldD. 25 years ld
6. While watching the film yesterday, I culdn’t stp laughing at sme _______ mments. A. humrus B. challenging C. dangerus D. surprising
7. The artist is s _______ that he can make different changing pictures with sand. A. cmmn B. careless C. creative D. helpful
9. He was dwn in the muth because he missed his train. A. unhappy B. happy C. glad D. relaxed
8. Cmpared with newspapers r TV, the Internet ffers peple _____ infrmatin. A. much B. mre C. mst
10. We haven’t gt _____ meat fr dinner. Let’s buy ______ chicken. A. sme: sme B. sme; any C. any; any D. any; sme
11. Great! We will have a ________ hliday. A. seven-days B. seven-days C. seven day’sD. seven days
12. Culd yu speak in a lud vice s that I can hear yu ________? A. quickly B. happily C. slwly D. clearly
13. Santaishan Frest Park is _______ beautiful that it has becme a ht turist attractin. A. sB. very C. suchD. quite
14. My brther has a healthy living habit. He _______ stays up late, and he is an early bird. A. usually B. hardly C. ftenD. always
15. —Wh sings _______ in yur class? —Li Jing des. A. mst beautifully B. mst beautiful C. mre beautifullyD. mre beautiful
16. Mre and mre peple agree that expressins such as “LOL” and “hahaha” are making ur speech mre direct but ______ interesting and creative. A. less B. mre C. the leastD. the mst
17. — I’m nt sure if I cpied the address crrectly. Can yu check it fr me? — N prblem, let’s check it tgether. A. withut difficulty B. withut instructin C. withut mistakes
C
18. Frederick _______ entered the final cmpetitin last mnth. His hbby has brught him ___________. A. successful; success B. successful; successfully C. successfully; success D. successfully; successful
19. Peter studies __________ f all the students in his class. A. hard B. harder C. hardest
20. Of all the students in my class, Lily studies ______. A. mst carefully B. carefully C. mre carefully0
A
1. 将下列英语句于译成汉语，汉语句子译成英语。 The harder yu wrk, the luckier yu will becme.
(你)越努力，(就)越幸运。
2. 用括号内所给的词或短语，将下列句子翻译成英语。 我们的国家越来越强大。(get)
Our cuntry is getting strnger and strnger.
3. 根据所给的中文意思完成句子，每空一词。 据最新报道，生活在中国的野生大熊猫现在不到2000只了。 It’s recently reprted that there are nw _____ _____ 2,000 pandas living in the wild frests in China.
fewer than
4. 根据中文意思完成句子，每空一词。 中国母亲河长江，是世界第三长河。 The Yangtze River, the mther river f China, is the _______ _______ river in the wrld.
third lngest
5. 根据所给汉语和提示词完成下列句子。 孩子越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。(gd) The earlier kids learn t be independent, ____________ it is fr their future.
the better
6. 改文改错。 I lve sprts, and I'm quite healthy and strnger. I'm always ready t help thers. S I can get n gd with everyne.
7. 改文改错。 I'm glad t receive yur letter asking fr my advice n hw t learn Chinese well. Here are a little suggestins.
8. 改文改错。 We enjyed ur trip very much. It was an excited experience and I will never frget it.
9. 改文改错。 Mm says they are as beautifully as flwers.
10. 根据句意和所给汉语完成句子。每空一词。 Peple wh learn _______ (明智地) and well will achieve their dreams mre easily. 11. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，每空格限填一词。 I felt _____________ lying in the sun n the beach. (relax)
12. 根据括号内的英语或汉语提示，完成句子。 The __________________ (careful) yu wrk, the fewer mistakes yu’ll make.13. 根据句意，写出括号内所给单词的适当形式。 Lk at yu! Yu’re breathing s ________ (heavy). We' re nt even halfway there yet.
mre carefully