上海市浦东新区2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份上海市浦东新区2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含上海市浦东新区2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题原卷版docx、上海市浦东新区2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共29页， 欢迎下载使用。

（时间为90分钟）
Ⅰ. Grammar and Vcabulary 20%
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
In 1831, a 22-year-ld English bilgist called Charles Darwin barded the HMS Beagle in Plymuth and set ff n an incredible vyage. His aim was t bserve the natural wrld in places _____1_____ had nt been studied in much detail. Almst 200 years later, anther missin, the Darwin 200, has invited a team f cnservatinists t retrace back the Beagle’s jurney.
HMS Beagle’s missin was t map the harburs f Suth America. Darwin was invited alng _____2_____ (survey) the natural wrld. His bservatins n the Galapags Islands, arund 560 miles ff the cast f Ecuadr, changed the way Darwin saw nature, _____3_____ (lead) t Darwin’s mst famus wrk: his thery f evlutin (进化论). This explained _____4_____ species change ver time t adapt t their envirnments, a prcess called natural selectin. It has been described as “_____5_____ (big) single idea in the histry f human thught”.
What is Darwin 200’s missin? The Darwin200 ship _____6_____ (sail) mre than 40,000 miles and stp at 32 prts in fur cntinents. Specially _____7_____ (chse) cnservatinists will jin at different stages fr a week each t carry ut wildlife studies._____8_____ the jurney, the ship’s crew will make films that explain Charles Darwin’s discveries.
The Darwin 200 team will travel in a 50-metre-lng Dutch sailing ship called Osterschelde, which _____9_____ (build) in 1918 and has been restred fully fr this vyage. The ship’s captain said, “She has sailed the distance frm here t the Mn and back twice!_____10_____ I may handle the mst difficult situatins, I trust her t bring me back hme safely.”
The ship is due t reach the Galapags Islands in April 2025
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea is the simple stry f an ld Cuban fisherman wh underges the mst difficult struggle f his life. In the title character, Santiag, Hemingway describes ne f the mst distinguished examples in American ____11____ f an individual lking deep within t wrk up the curage necessary t get thrugh the achievements and sad events that life presents.
Alne n the sea, Santiag cntinuusly ____12____ t find hpe in several seemingly hpeless situatins. The ld man illustrates Hemingway’s ideal f ____13____ “grace under pressure”, as he refuses t give in t the enrmus bstacles (障碍) presented by the sea. Relying n memries f his yuth, Santiag finds the ____14____ t physically and emtinally carry n thrughut the stry.
After catching the great marlin (马林鱼) Santiag realizes he is unable t quickly kill the fish, and it prceeds t pull him farther ut t sea. Yet, thrughut the battle between man and fish the ld man begins t recgnize a(n) ____15____ between him and the marlin, repeatedly referring t it as his brther. Bth the ld man and the fish are nly insignificant amng the ____16____ creatures at sea, jined tgether by the fact that they are at the mercy f the sea.
The fish, therefre, changes frm merely being Santiag’s prey (猎物) int a reflectin f the ld man’s ____17____ and physical state. When the sharks damage the dead marlin hanging ff the side f the bat as Santiag struggles t sail hme, the ld man fights them ff as if they were ____18____ him. Only when the marlin’s bdy has been entirely eaten away des Santiag give up, knwing he “was ____19____ nw finally”.
Althugh the ld man seemingly fails nce the sharks steal his prize fish, they cannt take away the fact that Santiag has dne the unthinkable by staying with and catching a fish “bigger than he had ever heard f”. In spite f nt successfully bringing the fish back, Santiag fights with ____20____— first t catch the marlin, then t prtect his fish frm the sharks — and in ding s declares his humanity by remaining resilient (坚韧的) in the face f achievements and sad events.
Ⅱ. Reading Cmprehensin 35%
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
5 Ways t Determine Website Reliability
Fr every trustwrthy website, there is tns f infrmatin that’s inaccurate, unreliable r just crazy. Fr the inexperienced jurnalist r researcher, such sites can ____21____ a wide range f pssible prblems. With that in mind, here are five ways t tell if a website is ____22____.
● Lk fr Established Institutins
The internet is full f websites that were ____23____ five minutes ag. What yu want are sites assciated with ____24____ institutins that have been arund fr a while and have a prven track recrd f reliability. Such sites may include thse run by gvernment agencies, nnprfit rganizatin r universities.
● Cnsult Sites with Expertise (专门知识)
Yu wuldn’t g t the hspital t have yur car repaired. This is an bvius pint: ____25____ websites that specialize in the kind f infrmatin yu’re seeking. ____26____, if yu’re writing a stry n a flu utbreak, check ut medical websites, such as The Centers fr Disease Cntrl and Preventin.
● ____27____ Cmmercial Sites
Sites run by cmpanies and business—their websites usually end in. cm—are ften trying t sell yu smething. And if they’re trying t sell yu smething, chances are whatever infrmatin they’re presenting will be tilted (偏向) ____28____ their prduct. That’s nt t say cmmercial sites shuld be ____29____ entirely. But be cautius.
● Check the ______30______
As a reprter, yu need the mst up-t-date infrmatin available, s if a website seems ld, it’s prbably best t keep distance frm it. One way t check: Lk fr a “last ______31______” date n the page r site.
● Check the Links
Respected ______32______ ften link t each ther. Yu can find ut which ther websites link t the site yu’re researching by cnducting a link-specific Ggle search. Enter the fllwing text int the Ggle search field ______33______ “[WEBSITE]” with the dmain (域名) f the site yu’re researching: link: httpwww.[WEBSITE].cm. Fr example, link:
The search ______34______ will shw yu which websites link t the ne yu’re researching. If lts f sites are linking t yur site, and thse sites seem reliable, that’s a gd ______35______. Then it seems that yu dn’t need t wrry abut them t much
21.
A. perceiveB. causeC. trackD. cnfirm
22.
A. flexibleB. infrmativeC. reliableD. appealing
23.
A. startedB. bannedC. visitedD. evaluated
24.
A. tempraryB. accessibleC. existingD. trusted
25.
A. Set upB. Cmmunicate withC. Lk frD. Invest in
26
A. HweverB. CntrarilyC. In additinD. Fr example
27.
A. AvidB. GreetC. NticeD. Run
28.
A. in place fB. in resistance tC. in favur fD. n behalf f
29.
A. cnsideredB. screenedC. assessedD. refreshed
30.
A. SiteB. JurnalistC. SurceD. Date
31.
A. updatedB. registeredC. spttedD. clicked
32.
A. fieldsB. cmpaniesC. textsD. websites
33.
A. illustratingB. replacingC. cnnectingD. searching
34.
A. teamsB. firmsC. resultsD. authrities
35.
A. signB. reputatinC. jurnalD. prduct
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
A
In 2008, a man wh lived in Detrit named Jerrld Fke, whm everyne called “Uncle Jerrld”, came up with an unusual idea. Fke had realized that fr a lng time, there had nly been 26 letters in the English alphabet. He had referred t anther alphabet, called the phnetic alphabet (音标字母表) — which is like an alphabet fr sunds — and came acrss a symbl that arused his interest. It lks like an upside-dwn, lwercase “e” (“ə”) and represents the sund, “uh,” like the nise yu make when yu’re cnfused. It is called the “schwa”. Fke thught it might be time fr a new letter t be added.
Jerrld had a gd reasn fr wanting t add a new letter t the English alphabet. He thught that if English gt a new letter, then peple might be able t make new wrds. He reasned that if peple made new wrds, they might be able t cmmunicate better.
Jerrld began telling everyne he knew abut the schwa. He requested that friends help him make new wrds using the schwa. Peple wuld use the schwa t make an “uh” sund in the wrd. His friends thught this was a pretty gd idea.
Jerrld lived in a htel in dwntwn Detrit. Every day, when he went dwn t the lbby (大厅) smene he knew wuld tell him a new wrd he’d made. In an effrt t spread the schwa still farther, Jerrld began t spend sme f his days standing in Campus Martius Plaza, with a sign that said “Have yu heard abut the schwa?” He liked t share sme f the wrds he and his friends had made, and then invite these peple t make their wn schwa-based wrds. Sme peple did s enthusiastically, while thers were mre dubtful abut the schwa’s ptential. When peple asked Jerrld where the schwa shuld g in the alphabet, he’d always say, “In the frnt.” When peple asked him why, he’d say, “Because that’s where it belngs.”
Because f Jerrld’s wrk, peple were encuraged t make their wn wrds, whether using the schwa r nt. His gal f increasing cmmunicatin between different peple remained ne that was greatly valued.
36. Accrding t the passage, Jerrld’s unusual idea was t ________.
A. develp an interest in languageB. make a cnfusing nise in public
C. intrduce a new wrd t his friendD. add a letter t the English alphabet
37. Jerrld encuraged peple t use the schwa mainly because ________.
A. it wuld catch n in England very snB. peple were reluctant t make new wrds
C. it might allw peple t cmmunicate betterD. there were things fr which English had n wrd
38. Jerrld’s wrk can be described as ________.
A. valuelessB. cnfusingC. inspiringD. unreasnable
B
Thrughut histry, humans have cme up with ways t entertain themselves using bjects such as cards, cunters, and bards. Over thusands f years, these have evlved (进化) int the games we knw tday, frm traditinal sets with simple rules and basic pieces, all the way t mdern electrnic cnsles (see the picture attached n the right-hand side) with advanced technlgy and lifelike interactive graphics (图形).
39. Which f the fur chices best matches the picture n the right?
A. B.
C. D.
40. The underlined wrd “frerunner” in Paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t ________.
A. fllwerB. pineerC. winnerD. lser
41. The passage is likely t be an excerpt frm ________.
A. Cultures f AsiaB. Playing Games
C. 20th-century FashinD. Scientific Inspiratin
C
I started participating in student jurnalism when I was in high schl. And when I started, I really just saw my articles as mre fun versins f the academic essays I was writing every day in class. It wasn’t really until an article I wrte in March 2020, that I really understd the pwer f expressing my vice thrugh jurnalism, and the unique appeal and respnsibility f being bth a student and a jurnalist.
Mst f the things reprted n in student publicatins directly r indirectly affect the jurnalists writing abut them. This differs frm mainstream publicatins (刊物), wh ften have the privilege (特权) t bjectively cver things that they have n cnnectin with. Student jurnalists, n the ther hand, ften find themselves trying t put n a different “hat” when it cmes t reprting, but in my eyes part f the magic f being a student jurnalist is that despite putting n a different “hat”, it’s still the same yu.
We knw what is imprtant t reprt n because we are cnstantly surrunded by the student vice. An Irish Times r Independent reprter wuld never knw abut the burden f high rents, r why s many campus spaces are nt accessible, r feel the fears f examinatin changes in light f artificial intelligence. Students knw what students care abut, and what issues aren’t getting the attentin they deserve.
I’ve always been drawn t cmment articles particularly because it’s a place I feel my vice hlds a special significance, and ne where my wrds and my articles cme tgether t represent me. Opinin pieces are unique, in that they are the nly article frmat that desn’t have t be entirely bjective. I, and many ther cmment writers I chat t, find this freeing. It’s a relaxing experience t wrk ut an imprtant issue frm yur wn viewpint and even with yur wn frustratin (挫败、失意) r praise, and it feels especially persnal.
We need t prtect student jurnalists, but we als need t expand the field we can cver in student jurnalism. The student vice is pwerful because it is diverse, and it’s critical t reflect their vice. The press als has an imprtant rle in defending itself. Freedm f infrmatin is ne f the mst sacred (神圣的) things we have, and ne that we as students need t prtect.
42. Hw are student jurnalists different frm the mainstream publicatins?
A. They can hardly identify issues relevant t peers.
B. They have an bjective viewpint n the issues.
C They reprt n issues directly affecting them.
D. They priritize bjectivity ver ther things
43. The writer mst likely agrees that ________.
A. student vice may always lead us t making unfair judgments
B. student reprters can keep their individuality when playing varius rles
C. student articles ffer an entertaining twist n traditinal academic essays
D. student jurnalists shuld fcus n the tpics within their prfessinal fields
44. By giving the example f An Irish Times, the writer intends t ________.
A. infrm readers f the high rents
B. attach imprtance t student vice
C. praise mainstream media fr their effrts
D. bring up the tpic f artificial intelligence
45. Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
A. Freedm f speech and the press
B. The imprtance f student jurnalism
C. The respnsibility f mainstream media
D. Embracing the diversity f student vice
Ⅲ. Translatin 10%
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
46. 每当有人靠近这只宠物猫，它就会跑进草丛躲起来。（whenever）(汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
47. 这两座古镇在历史和文化方面大相径庭。（cmmn）(汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
48. 图表显示，该城市发展速度快得惊人，但收入不平等和失业问题日趋显著。（alarming）(汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅳ. Guided Writing 15%
49. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高一学生李华，最近你发现在体育锻炼期间，很多同学在学习或聊天，并没有进行体育锻炼，请你写一封邮件给学生会，信件必须包含以下内容：
1. 简要描述该现象；
2. 谈谈你的观点；
3. 给出合理建议和理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A. attacking B. beaten C. bites D. dignity E. diverse F. emtinal
G. exhibiting H. link I. literature J. strength K. struggles
Strategy game Chess
Where Asia When c 600 AD
Many cuntries claim t have invented chess but ne frerunner f the game appeared in India in the 7th century. Over the centuries chess has evlved and spread acrss the glbe, becming ne f the mst ppular strategy games. It is played with tw players wh take turns t mve 16 pieces t attack each ther’s king. The aim is t trap the king int checkmate (将死), s that it cannt mve t safety.
Card game Chinese playing cards
Where China When 9th century AD
The earliest knwn playing cards are believed t have riginated in China during the Tang Dynasty, thugh hw games with these cards were played is nt knwn tday. The mdern pack f 52 playing cards, with ♥hearts, ♠spades, ♦diamnds, and ♣clubs, develped much later, in France during the 15th century.
Wrd game Crsswrd
Where US When 1913
The first crsswrd puzzle was published in the Sunday supplement (增刊) f the New Yrk Wrld newspaper. A series f written clues help the player cmplete a grid (方格) f hrizntal and vertical missing wrds. Crsswrds are nt nly entertaining, but als expand vcabulary and aid brain develpment.