上海市浦东新区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中教学质量检测英语试卷（原卷版+解析版）

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(考试时间 90分钟，满分100分)
I. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A(6分)
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear six shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1.Amazing. B.Bring. C.Irnic. D.Silly.
2. A. At a travel agency. B.At a bank. C. In a htel. D. In a hspital.
3.A.A traditinal custm. B.A cmmn behavir.
C.An upcming lecture. D.An internatinal speech.
4. A. Fellw wrkers. B.Bss and secretary.
C. Husband and wife. dear D.Waitress and custmer.
5. A. G t the theatre. B.Ck breakfast
C. Lk after the kids. D.Clean the rm.
6. A. She missed her family a lt.
B. She had neck pain during the trip.
C.The flight tk her 16 hurs straight.
D.The return trip turned ut t be exhausting.
Sectin B(12 分)
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear ne shrt passage and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n the passage and the cnversatin. The passage and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 7 thrugh 10 are based n the fllwing passage.
7. A. Ways t appreciate cultures. B. Different views n culture respect.
C. Purpses f culture explratin. D.The rle f culture in educatin.
8. A. Fllwing the suit. B.Engaging with freign peple.
D. Sharing peple’s experiences. D.Explring the cultural cntext.
9. A.It can imprve mutual understanding. B.It can apprach varius cultures.
C. It can bst respect amng cuntries. D. It can save time t build a bnd.
making dcumentaries. B.By cnversing with turists.
C. By fllwing the steps f guides. D. By searching fr reliable surces.
Questins 11 thrugh 14 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
10. A. she was inspired by sme famus artists.
B.She discvered her passin fr art as a child.
C. She was influenced by the charm f nature.
D.She studied clrs and shapes when yung.
memry. B. Fascinating scenery.
C.Daily mments. D.A sense f curisity.
13. A.She tries t avid shrt perids f wrk. B. She nly creates when she feels inspired.
C.She values persistence and self-discipline. D. She prefers nt t have a fixed rutine.
14. A. Maya is preparing fr her masterpiece. B. Maya likes using waterclrs recently.
C.Maya fears new pinins frm viewers. D.Maya hpes t link herself with nature.
II.Grammar and Vcabulary Sectin A (10分)
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
A place where yung peple can shine
Kindergarten Withut Walls is a unique cncept different frm the traditinal mdel f educatin. ___1___ (huse) in a small general stre, this uncnventinal “kindergarten” pens its drs fr free t mainly migrant children and children in difficulty. It ___2___ (ffer) a range f activities — frm singing and dancing t painting, watching mvies, reading bks, and playing games — since 2018. The Kindergarten Withut Walls sunds like the ultimate dream fr any child.
The kindergarten is funded by its funder Tang Hadu,wh aims t create a supprtive and caring cmmunity fr children in the neighbrhd. And the vlunteers cme frm different walks f life. ___3___ the weather is, they will step in as teachers n time, ffering their time and expertise t the children. Tang, an art teacher at a public junir high schl, ___4___ (invlve) in scial art practice fr 5 years by the end f this Nvember. His visin gives migrant children a chance t express and enjy ___5___. As an artist, his dream was t establish a space that is nt just a shrt-term endeavr, but a lng-term cmmitment t ____6____ (build) a cmmunity f artistic expressin and cperatin.
Zhu, an art practice researcher, ntes that the starting pint f this Kindergarten is humble and dwn-t-earth. “Tang is an rdinary persn ___7___ neighbrhd, where the kindergarten is lcated, is nt different frm his wn life,” she says. Zhu believes healing frm persnal trauma (创伤) is a jint effrt requiring the supprt and invlvement f a cmpassinate cmmunity ___8___ a lnely jurney. “The ___9___ (gd) part f Tang’s prject lies in the authentic grwth f the relatinships between the children, families, neighbrs, and brader cmmunity. It is the spntaneus, beautiful things in peple and the cmmunity ____10____ grw naturally, given an pprtunity”, she says.
【答案】1 Hused
2. has been ffering
3. Whatever
4. will have been invlved
5. themselves
6. building
7. whse 8. rather than
9. best 10. that
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为“无墙幼儿园”的非传统教育模式。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个非传统的“幼儿园”坐落在一个小杂货店里，主要向流动儿童和困难儿童免费开放。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语动词，huse“给……提供住房；给……提供场地”和this uncnventinal “kindergarten”逻辑上是被动关系，应用huse的过去分词形式，作句子的状语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Hused。
【2题详解】
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：自2018年以来，它一直提供一系列活动，从唱歌、跳舞到绘画、看电影、读书和玩游戏。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“since 2018”可知，动作从过去开始发生，且结合上下文语境可知，动作会继续进行下去，应用现在完成进行时，主语为It，助动词用has。故填has been ffering。
【3题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：无论天气如何，他们都会作为老师准时介入，为孩子们提供他们的时间和专业知识。根据空后内容可推知，此处表示让步的关系，且通常用What is the weather来询问天气，因此用从属连词whatever引导让步状语从句，表示“无论天气如何”，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Whatever。
【4题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：唐老师是一所公立初中的美术老师，到今年11月底，他从事社会艺术实践已经5年了。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“fr 5 years by the end f this Nvember”可知，句子描述截止到将来的时间点前已完成的行为，应用将来完成时，且invlve“使参加”和Tang是被动关系，应用被动语态，因此用will have been dne的形式。故填will have been invlved。
【5题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：他的愿景给了流动儿童一个表达和享受自己的机会。分析句子可知，此处express和enjy动作的实施者和承受者为同一人，空处应用指代migrant children的反身代词themselves，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。
【6题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个艺术家，他的梦想是建立一个空间，这不仅仅是一个短期的努力，而是一个长期的建立一个艺术表达和合作的社区的承诺。分析句子可知，空处作介词t的宾语，应用build“建立”的动名词形式。故填building。
【7题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她说：“唐是一个普通人，幼儿园所在的社区和他自己的生活没有什么不同。”分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词persn，先行词指人，在从句中作定语，和neighbrhd之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whse作引导词。故填whse。
【8题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：周认为，从个人创伤中康复是一个共同的努力，需要一个富有同情心的社区的支持和参与，而不是一个孤独的旅程。分析句子可知，空处前后为平行的名词短语，空前表示“一个共同的努力，需要一个富有同情心的社区的支持和参与”，空后表示“一个孤独的旅程”，由此推知，此处表示“而不是”，应用固定短语rather than。故填rather than。
【9题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：唐的项目最好的部分在于孩子、家庭、邻居和更广泛的社区之间关系的真实成长。本段主要是从正面评价这所幼儿园，结合本句后面的内容可推知，此处指“最好的部分”，应用gd的最高级部分。故填best。
【10题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：只要有机会，人们和社区中自发的、美好的东西就会自然成长。根据“It is the spntaneus, beautiful things in peple and the cmmunity”可推知，此处应用强调句型“it be+被强调部分+that…”，强调句子的主语。故填that。
Sectin B(10分)
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Hw did the Wright brthers take flight?
Wilbur and Orville Wright didn’t care much fr attentin. But after publicly demnstrating their flying machine, the inventrs f the airplane became vernight internatinal___11___. Crwds gathered, watching them g airbrne (升空) and___12___their genius and curage. Thusands fllwed their achievements, which repeatedly made frnt-page news. While it might sund nice t say the Wrights were brn inventrs and geniuses wh had always been ___13___ t aernautics (航空学), that’s nt really the case. Beginning in their Midwestern yuth, the brthers faced numerus___14___. Their achievements stemmed frm their wn initiative and___15___.
Befre they made histry, Wilbur and Orville were, in ne sense, fairly___16___ children. They didn’t meet the typical standards f success.Thugh Wilbur was well read and Orville tk advanced curses, neither graduated frm high schl and bth struggled t get by n their wn early in life. At the start, the brthers didn’t intend t invent the airplane. They simply reviewed what thers had published abut aernautic, hping they culd make sme srt f cntributins. And that was when they nticed, t their surprise, very little prgress had been made in the field. Wilbur and Orville realized that flight experiments had hit three main radblcks t prgress. They lacked a way t cntrl the aircraft, a gd wing design and a prpulsin (推动力) system t pwer the flight. Frm there, ___17___these prblems became the brthers’ gal. Thrugh trial and errr, n December 17, 1903, the brthers flew the first manageable aircraft int the air, which prved the Wright Flyer culd make a sustained, cntrlled and pwered heavier-than-air flight. The aerial age truly began.
Thugh the Wright brthers had made histry, their airplane was___18___nly a prf f cncept. It culd make straight-line flights, but the design didn’t yet have any ___19___use fr sciety. In the ___20___years f hard wrk and devtin, the brthers refined their aircraft. In1908, Wilbur demnstrated their plane in France, successfully prving what he and Orville had dne.
【答案】11. D 12. G
13. B 14. E
15. I 16. A
17. F 18. K
19. C 20. J
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了莱特兄弟是如何发明飞机的。
【11题详解】
考查名词。句意：但在公开展示了他们的飞行器之后，飞机的发明者一夜之间在国际上引起了轰动。根据“Crwds gathered, watching them g airbrne”以及句意“轰动”可知，应填名词sensatin，作表语，不可数。故选D。
【12题详解】
考查动词。句意：人群聚集在一起，看着他们腾空而起，为他们的天才和勇气鼓掌。根据“their genius and curage”以及句意“鼓掌”可知，应填动词applaud，与上文watching them g airbrne and构成并列，为现在分词作状语。故选G。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：虽然说莱特兄弟是天生发明家和天才，他们总是被航空所吸引，这听起来不错，但事实并非如此。根据“t aernautics”以及句意“吸引”可知，应填动词draw，根据上文had been可知，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意：从他们在中西部的青年时代开始，兄弟俩就遭遇了无数挫折。根据“that’s nt really the case”以及句意“挫折”可知，应填名词setback，作宾语，根据上文numerus可知，应用复数。故选E。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们的成就源于他们自己的主动性和独创性。根据“Their achievements stemmed frm their wn initiative and”以及句意“独创性”可知，应填名词riginality，作宾语。故选I。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在创造历史之前，威尔伯和奥维尔在某种意义上是相当不起眼的孩子。根据“They didn’t meet the typical standards f success.(他们没有达到成功的典型标准)”以及句意“不起眼的”可知，应填形容词unremarkable，作定语，修饰名词children。故选A。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：从那时起，解决这些问题就成了兄弟俩的目标。根据“these prblems became the brthers’ gal”以及句意“解决”可知，应填动名词reslving，作主语。故选F。
【18题详解】
考查副词。句意：虽然莱特兄弟创造了历史，但他们的飞机本质上只是一个概念的证明。根据“nly a prf f cncept”以及句意“本质上”可知，应填副词essentially，作状语。故选K。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它可以进行直线飞行，但这种设计还没有在社会上有任何实际用途。根据“but the design didn’t yet have any”以及句意“实际”可知，应填形容词practical，作定语，修饰use。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在随后几年的辛勤工作和奉献中，兄弟俩改进了他们的飞机。根据“years f hard wrk and devtin”以及句意“随后”可知，应填形容词subsequent，修饰名词years。故选J。
II. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A (15分)
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
In a culture bsessed with measuring talent and ability, we ften verlk the imprtant rle f inspiratin because f its cmplicated nature. Its histry f being treated as supernatural hasn’t helped the___21___. But as recent research shws, inspiratin has a majr effect n imprtant___22___.
Inspiratin is the springbard fr creativity. Being in a state f inspiratin ___23___the creativity f writing samples acrss scientific writing, petry and fictin. Inspired writers are mre ___24___and prductive, and spend less time pausing and mre time writing. The link between inspiratin and creativity is in line with the surpassing aspect f inspiratin, since creativity invlves seeing pssibility beynd existing restrictins.
Inspiratin facilitates prgress tward gals. In a recent study cnducted by Marina Milyavskaya and her clleagues, cllege students were asked t reprt three gals they intended t___25___ thrughut the curse f the semester. They then reprted n their prgress three times a mnth. Thse wh scred higher n the Inspiratin Scale displayed increased gal prgress, and their prgress was a ___26___f setting mre inspired gals. ___27___, peple wh were generally mre inspired in their daily lives als tended t set inspired gals, which were then mre likely t be successfully achieved. ___28___the relatinship between inspiratin and gal prgress was mutual: gal prgress als predicts future gal inspiratin. Finally, inspired individuals reprted experiencing mre purpse in life and mre gratitude.
Inspiratin increases___29___. In anther study, thse wh were expsed t Michael Jrdan’s greatness experienced higher levels f Psitive Affect, and this increase in Psitive Affect was cmpletely explained by their scre n the Inspiratin Scale. This inspiratin was nt___30___ thugh, fretelling psitive well-being (e.g., life satisfactin) three mnths later!
Inspiratin was mre strngly___31___ future than t present satisfactin. The extent t which inspiratin lasted was explained by self-reprted levels f purpse and gratitude in life.
These findings shw that inspiratin___32___ a lt, which may put the burden n smene t becme inspired and helpless t d s. The writer Elizabeth Gilbert rightly expresses this ___33___in her inspiring TED talk. I agree with Gilbert that ne shuld nt put___34___ n neself t becme inspired. These key scientific findings suggest that inspiratin is nt___35___— it happens. Knwing this shuld free yu frm the pressure t make inspiratin happen.
21.
A situatinB. qualityC. fieldD. mystery
22.
A. mral lessnsB. academic careersC. writing dreamsD. life utcmes
23.
A. invlvesB. classifiesC. transfrmsD. predicts
24.
A. ambitiusB. extrardinaryC. efficientD. humble
25.
A. restreB. accmplishC. assignD. share
26.
A. tribeB. causeC. surveyD. result
27.
A. TherefreB. HweverC. OtherwiseD. Instead
28.
A. RelativelyB. BrilliantlyC. ImprtantlyD. Initially
29.
A. visinB. dedicatinC. interactinD. welfare
30.
A. substantialB. tempraryC. speedyD. distinctive
31.
A. related tB. based nC. impressed nD. addicted t
32.
A. imprvesB. mattersC. arisesD. changes
33.
A. hatredB. regretC. cncernD. disappintment
34.
A. smileB. emphasisC. pressureD. criticism
35.
A. ruinedB. interpretedC. revisedD. impsed
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了灵感的重要性，灵感是创造力的跳板、促进朝着目标前进以及灵感可以带来幸福。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它被视为超自然力量的历史对这种情况没有帮助。A. situatin情况；B. quality质量；C. field田地；D. mystery神秘。此处指上文“In a culture bsessed with measuring talent and ability, we ften verlk the imprtant rle f inspiratin because f its cmplicated nature.(在一个痴迷于衡量天赋和能力的文化中，我们常常忽视灵感的重要作用，因为它的复杂性)”提到的灵感重要性被忽视的情况，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：但最近的研究表明，灵感对重要的生活结果有重大影响。A. mral lessns道德教训；B. academic careers学术生涯；C. writing dreams写作梦想；D. life utcmes生活结果。根据后文“Inspiratin is the springbard fr creativity.(灵感是创造力的跳板)”可知，最近的研究表明，灵感对重要的生活结果有重大影响。故选D。
23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：处于灵感状态预示着写作样本的创造力，包括科学写作、诗歌和小说。A. invlves包含；B. classifies分类；C. transfrms变换；D. predicts预测，预示着。根据后文“the creativity f writing samples acrss scientific writing, petry,and fictin”以及上文“Inspiratin is the springbard fr creativity.(灵感是创造力的跳板)”可知，处于灵感状态预示着写作样本的创造力，包括科学写作、诗歌和小说。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有灵感的作家更有效率，更有生产力，他们花更少的时间停下来，而花更多的时间写作。A. ambitius有抱负的；B. extrardinary卓越的；C. efficient有效的；D. humble谦虚的。根据后文“and prductive”可知，此处指有灵感的作家更有效率，更有生产力。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最近由Marina Milyavskaya和她的同事进行的一项研究中，大学生被要求报告他们在整个学期中打算完成的三个目标。A. restre恢复；B. accmplish实现；C. assign分派；D. share分享。根据后文“three gals they intended t”可知，此处指打算要完成的三个目标。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些在激励量表上得分较高的人表现出更大的目标进展，他们的进步是设定更多激励目标的结果。A. tribe部落；B. cause原因；C. survey调查表；D. result结果。根据上文“Thse wh scred higher n the Inspiratin Scale displayed increased gal prgress”可知，得分较高的人表现出更大的目标进展，他们的进步是设定更多激励目标的结果。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，在日常生活中通常更有灵感的人也倾向于设定有灵感的目标，这些目标更有可能成功实现。A. Therefre因此；B. Hwever然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Instead相反。结合前后文语境可知，前后为因果关系，应用therefre。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：重要的是，灵感和目标进展之间的关系是相互的：目标进展也预示着未来的目标灵感。A. Relatively相当地；B. Brilliantly灿烂地；C. Imprtantly重要地是；D. Initially首先。根据后文“gal prgress als predicts future gal inspiratin”可知，灵感更重要的结果是：目标进展也预示着未来的目标灵感。故选C。
29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：灵感增加福利。A. visin视野；B. dedicatin献身；C. interactin互动；D. welfare福利。根据后文“In anther study, thse wh were expsed t Michael Jrdan’s greatness experienced higher levels f Psitive Affect, and this increase in Psitive Affect was cmpletely explained by their scre n the Inspiratin Scale.(在另一项研究中，那些听过迈克尔·乔丹伟大事迹的人经历了更高水平的积极影响，而这种积极影响的增加完全可以用他们在激励量表上的得分来解释)”可知，灵感可以增加福利。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这种灵感不是暂时的，它预示着三个月后的积极幸福（例如，生活满意度）!A. substantial大量的；B. temprary暂时的；C. speedy快速的；D. distinctive独特的。根据后文“fretelling psitive well-being (e.g.,life satisfactin) three mnths later!”可知，这种灵感不是暂时的，它预示着三个月后的积极幸福。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：灵感与未来的关系比与现在的满足感更密切。A. related t与……有关；B. based n基于；C. impressed n使印象深刻；D. addicted t沉迷于。根据后文“future than t present satisfactin”以及上文提到预示着三个月后的积极幸福，可知灵感与未来的关系比与现在的满足感更密切。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些发现表明，灵感很重要，这可能会给一些人带来负担，让他们变得有灵感，却无能为力。A. imprves改善；B. matters重要；C. arises出现；D. changes改变。根据后文“a lt, which may put the burden n smene t becme inspired and helpless t d s”可知，此处指发现表明了灵感的重要性。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作家伊丽莎白·吉尔伯特在她鼓舞人心的TED演讲中正确地表达了这种担忧。A. hatred仇恨；B. regret后悔；C. cncern关心；D. disappintment失望。根据上文“put the burden n smene t becme inspired and helpless t d s”可知，灵感会带来压力，所以是表达了对此的担忧。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我同意吉尔伯特的观点，一个人不应该给自己施加压力来获得灵感。A. smile微笑；B. emphasis强调；C. pressure压力；D. criticism批评。根据上文“put the burden n smene t becme inspired and helpless t d s”可知，此处指一个人不应该给自己施加压力来获得灵感。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些关键的科学发现表明，灵感不是强加的，而是自然而然产生的。A. ruined毁灭；B. interpreted解释；C. revised修改；D. impsed把……强加于。根据后文“it happens”可知，灵感自然发生，而不是强加的。故选D。
Sectin B(8分)
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. The passage is fllwed by several questins. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B,C and D.Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
Creativity is cmmnly thught f as a persnality trait (特征) within the individual. Over the past several years, hwever, scial psychlgists have discvered that creativity is nt nly a characteristic f the individual, but may als change depending n the situatin and cntext. The questin, f curse, is what thse situatins are: what makes us mre creative at times and less creative at thers?
In a recent paper, scientists have demnstrated that increasing psychlgical distance s that a prblem feels farther away can actually increase creativity. Jia and clleagues at Indiana University at Blmingtn examined the effect f spatial distance n creativity in this mst recent set f studies. Participants in the first study perfrmed a creative generatin task, in which they were asked t list as many different mdes f transprtatin as pssible. The task was perfrmed either by Indiana University students studying in Greece r by Indiana University students studying in Indiana. As predicted, students in the distant cnditin generated mre numerus and riginal mdes f transprtatin than thse in the prximal cnditin. Similar results were btained in a secnd study, in which perfrmance n three insight prblems was measured.
This pair f studies suggests that even minimal cues (提示) f psychlgical distance can make us mre creative. Althugh the gegraphical rigin f the varius tasks was cmpletely irrelevant — it shuldn’t have mattered where the questins came frm simply telling subjects that they came frm smewhere far away led t mre creative thughts.
The results build n previus studies which demnstrated that distancing in time — prjecting an event int the remte future — and assuming an event t be less likely (that is, distancing n the prbability dimensin) can als enhance creativity.
This research has imprtant practical implicatins. It suggests that there are several simple steps we can all take t increase creativity, such as traveling t faraway places (r even just thinking abut such places) and cmmunicating with peple wh are dissimilar t us. S the next time yu’re stuck n a prblem that seems impssible, dn’t give up. Instead, try t gain a little psychlgical distance, and pretend the prblem came frm smewhere very far away.
36. What can we learn frm the studies f Jia and his clleagues?
A. Students studying in Indiana were better at creative tasks.
B. They carried ut tw experiments with quite ppsing results.
C. The participants in the studies were students living in Greece.
D. They demnstrated the impact f distance in space n creativity.
37. The underlined wrd prximal in paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t______.
A. casualB. nearC. prmisingD. frmal
38. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Cnsidering unlikely alternatives t reality helps t bst ur creativity.
B. Accrding t the studies, distancing in time can help t enhance creativity.
C. Peple’s creativity is a fixed characteristic in spite f the situatin and cntext.
D. Jia and his clleagues were the first t examine the factrs in increasing creativity.
39. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Creativity is a persnality trait within individuals.
B. Travelling faraway is a remedy fr pr creativity.
C. Psychlgical distance cntributes t better creativity.
D. New research has demnstrated the benefits f creativity.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究表明心理距离可以提升创造力。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Jia and clleagues at Indiana University at Blmingtn examined the effect f spatial distance n creativity in this mst recent set f studies. (Jia和印第安纳大学布卢明顿分校的同事们在最近的一组研究中研究了空间距离对创造力的影响)”可知，Jia及其同事展示了空间距离对创造力的影响。故选D。
【37题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段的“Jia and clleagues at Indiana University at Blmingtn examined the effect f spatial distance n creativity in this mst recent set f studies. (Jia和印第安纳大学布卢明顿分校的同事们在最近的一组研究中研究了空间距离对创造力的影响)”可知，Jia及其同事的研究展示了空间距离对创造力的影响。根据第二段的“As predicted, students in the distant cnditin generated mre numerus and riginal mdes f transprtatin than thse in the prximal cnditin. Similar results were btained in a secnd study, in which perfrmance n three insight prblems was measured.(正如预测的那样，距离远的学生比距离……的学生产生了更多的原始交通方式。在第二项研究中获得了类似的结果，其中对三个洞察力问题的表现进行了测量) ”可知，既然空间距离对创造力有影响，那就要通过远距离和近距离进行对比实验，因此划线词prximal的意思最接近于near。故选B。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“The results build n previus studies which demnstrated that distancing in time — prjecting an event int the remte future — and assuming an event t be less likely (that is, distancing n the prbability dimensin) can als enhance creativity.(这些结果建立在先前的研究基础上，这些研究表明，在时间上保持距离——将事件预测到遥远的未来——并假设事件发生的可能性较小(即在概率维度上保持距离)也可以增强创造力)”可知，即便目前的现实不能够实现某些目标，但假设在未来可以实现它们，即便几率很小，也是可以提升创造力的。由此推知，考虑对现实采用不太可能的替代方案有助于提高我们的创造力。故选A。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Creativity is cmmnly thught f as a persnality trait within the individual. Over the past several years, hwever, scial psychlgists have discvered that creativity is nt nly a characteristic f the individual, but may als change depending n the situatin and cntext. The questin, f curse, is what thse situatins are: what makes us mre creative at times and less creative at thers?(创造力通常被认为是个人的一种性格特征。然而，在过去的几年里，社会心理学家发现，创造力不仅是个人的特征，而且还可能根据情况和背景而改变。当然，问题是这些情况是什么：是什么让我们有时更有创造力，而在其他时候却缺乏创造力？)”和最后一段的“This research has imprtant practical implicatins. It suggests that there are several simple steps we can all take t increase creativity, such as traveling t faraway places (r even just thinking abut such places) and cmmunicating with peple wh are dissimilar t us. S the next time yu’re stuck n a prblem that seems impssible, dn’t give up. Instead, try t gain a little psychlgical distance, and pretend the prblem came frm smewhere very far away.(本研究具有重要的现实意义。研究表明，我们都可以采取几个简单的步骤来提高创造力，比如去遥远的地方旅行(甚至只是想想这些地方)，和与我们不同的人交流。所以下次当你被一个看似不可能的问题卡住时，不要放弃。相反，试着在心理上保持一点距离，假装问题来自很远的地方)”可知，文章主要讲述了研究表明心理距离可以提升创造力。故选C。
Sectin C (8分)
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Universal Rhythm
Pet Henry Wadswrth Lngfellw called music “the universal language f mankind.” Nw researchers may knw why. _____40_____ And these characteristics tend t be thse that gather peple, the researchers said.
“Our findings help explain why humans make music,” study researcher Thmas Currie frm the University f Exeter said in a statement. “The results shw that the mst cmmn features seen in music arund the wrld relate t things that allw peple t crdinate (协调) their actins. ______41______It can be a kind f scial glue.”
Currie, alng with Pat Savage, a dctral student at the Tky University f the Arts, and their clleagues analyzed music frm arund the wrld, examining 304 recrdings frm the nline Garland Encyclpedia f Wrld Music. The music samples came frm every inhabited cntinent, frm bth vcal and instrumental music.
_____42_____They systematically cded the features f each piece f music and emplyed a cmparisn system similar t thse used by evlutinary bilgists t classify and statistically analyze rganisms. Althugh they fund n features that were part f all the sngs analyzed, the researchers did find dzens f characteristics that were present in a majrity f sngs acrss different wrld regins.
Sme f these characteristics were nt surprising, such as the music’s tendency t use separate pitches, and equally timed beats and shrt musical phrases. _____43_____“It fits that we have tw legs, s the music is prbably related t the natural rhythms f mvement,” said Savage. “And als, tw is simpler than three, s maybe it’s easier t prcess and crdinate.”
A. The researchers analyzed the music samples using a few different classificatin schemes.
B. They als suggest that the main functin f music is t bring peple tgether and bnd scial grups.
C. sme peple, as far back as Darwin, have believed that singing evlved as a way fr males t gain mates.
D. Others were mre unexpected, like the discvery that tw-beat rhythms are mre ppular than three-beat rhythms.
E. A new analysis f music frm diverse cultures arund the glbe reveals that all music shares certain universal features.
F. Previus studies shwed that peple wh experience music tgether are mre likely t rate thse wh listen with them as helpful.
【答案】40. E 41. B 42. A 43. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了音乐具有某些共同特征，介绍了研究人员对此的研究过程。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Pet Henry Wadswrth Lngfellw called music “the universal language f mankind.” Nw researchers may knw why.(诗人亨利·沃兹沃斯·朗费罗称音乐为“人类的通用语言”。现在研究人员可能知道原因了)”以及后文“And these characteristics tend t be thse that gather peple, the researchers said.(研究人员说，这些特征往往是聚集人群的特征)”可知，本句主要是在说明音乐的具体特征。故E选项“一项对全球不同文化的音乐的新分析表明，所有的音乐都有某些共同的特征”符合语境，故选E。
【41题详解】
根据后文“It can be a kind f scial glue.(它可以成为一种社会粘合剂)”可知，后文提到音乐可以成为一种社会粘合剂，说明音乐具有凝聚作用。故B选项“他们还认为，音乐的主要功能是把人们聚集在一起，把社会群体联系起来”符合语境，故选B。
【42题详解】
根据后文“They systematically cded the features f each piece f music and emplyed a cmparisn system similar t thse used by evlutinary bilgists t classify and statistically analyze rganisms. Althugh they fund n features that were part f all the sngs analyzed, the researchers did find dzens f characteristics that were present in a majrity f sngs acrss different wrld regins.(他们系统地对每段音乐的特征进行编码，并采用一种类似于进化生物学家对生物进行分类和统计分析的比较系统。虽然他们没有发现所有被分析歌曲的特征，但研究人员确实发现了几十个特征，这些特征出现在世界不同地区的大多数歌曲中)”可知，本段主要说明了研究人员对于音乐的研究过程，A选项中researchers对应后文They。故A选项“研究人员使用几种不同的分类方案来分析音乐样本”符合语境，故选A。
【43题详解】
根据后文“And als, tw is simpler than three, s maybe it’s easier t prcess and crdinate.(而且，两个比三个简单，所以可能更容易处理和协调)”可知，后文提到了两个比三个简单。由此可知，本句主要关于音乐中与数量有关的内容。故D选项“其他的则更出人意料，比如发现两拍节奏比三拍节奏更受欢迎”符合语境，故选D。
IV. Summary Writing (6分)
44. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Ways t Stay Mtivated
Many distance learners agree that the mst difficult part f studying nline is staying mtivated. Because students must take the initiative t cmplete their curses cmpletely n their wn, withut the physical presence f teachers and ther peers, many students find it easy t becme distracted and discuraged in their wrk. Dn’t let this happen t yu-plan ways fr yurself t stay mtivated befre yu’re tempted t stray frm yur bks. Use the fllwing mtivatinal tips t stay n task.
Find a friend r relative wh has similar interests r wh wuld enjy hearing abut yur studies and let them knw what’s ging n in yur classes. Yu’ll understand the material better when yu have a chance t explain it ut lud and will be mtivated t stay n task in rder t keep up with the cnversatin.
Dn’t rely n campus cnsultant; design yur wn map f cmpleted classes and pst it smewhere that is visible daily. There’s a certain satisfactin that cmes with watching yur gals be accmplished. When times get hard, yu can always turn t yur chart and see hw far yu’ve cme.
Yu get rewarded fr gd credit and safe driving. Why shuldn’t yu reward yurself fr ding well in yur cursewrk? Whether it be a night n the twn, a new dress, r even a new car, setting up a reward system just may be the extra push yu need t succeed. If yu stick t yur system, yu may find yurself pleasantly surprised.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Here are sme tips fr distance learners t stay mtivated. Firstly, discussing studies with a friend r relative t better understand the material and stay mtivated. Secndly, tracking prgress visually by designing a map f cmpleted classes. Finally, setting up a reward system fr gd cursewrk perfrmance in rder t stick t yur system.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些建议可以让远程学习者保持积极性。首先，与朋友或亲戚讨论学习，以便更好地理解材料并保持动力。其次，通过设计完成课程的地图来可视化地跟踪进度。最后，为优秀的课程表现建立一个奖励机制，以便坚持你的制度。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Many distance learners agree that the mst difficult part f studying nline is staying mtivated. Use the fllwing mtivatinal tips t stay n task.
②Find a friend r relative wh has similar interests r wh wuld enjy hearing abut yur studies and let them knw what’s ging n in yur classes.
③Dn’t rely n campus cnsultant; design yur wn map f cmpleted classes and pst it smewhere that is visible daily.
④Yu get rewarded fr gd credit and safe driving. Why shuldn’t yu reward yurself fr ding well in yur cursewrk? If yu stick t yur system, yu may find yurself pleasantly surprised.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
Here are sme tips fr distance learners t stay mtivated.
Firstly, discussing studies with a friend r relative t better understand the material and stay mtivated.
Secndly, tracking prgress visually by designing a map f cmpleted classes.
Finally, setting up a reward system fr gd cursewrk perfrmance in rder t stick t yur system.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Secndly, tracking prgress visually by designing a map f cmpleted classes.运用动名词作宾语对原文第三段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] Finally, setting up a reward system fr gd cursewrk perfrmance in rder t stick t yur system.用不定式短语in rder t作目的状语对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
V.Translatin(10分)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
45. 这种病毒会引起高烧，通常还伴有咳嗽与喉咙痛。(accmpany) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________
【答案】This virus can cause a high fever, usually accmpanied by cughing and a sre thrat.
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词和短语。句子的描述的为一般的常见情况，使用一般现在时，主语“这种病毒”为“this virus”，“会引起”为“can cause”，“高烧”为“a high fever”，则“这种病毒会引起高烧”翻译为“This virus can cause a high fever.”；“通常”为“usually”，动词“陪伴”为“accmpany”，“fever”与“accmpany”为被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，则“由……陪伴”为“accmpanied by”，by后接动名词作宾语，“咳嗽”为“cugh”，“喉咙痛”为“a sre thrat”，则“通常还伴有咳嗽与喉咙痛”翻译为“usually accmpanied by cughing and a sre thrat”。故翻译为This virus can cause a high fever, usually accmpanied by cughing and a sre thrat.
46. 学校应重视急救设备的定期检查，以防突发情况发生。(case) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________
【答案】Schls shuld attach imprtance t regular inspectins f first-aid equipment in case f unexpected situatins.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。主语为复数名词schls；表示“重视”短语为attach imprtance t，且shuld后跟动词原形；表示“急救设备的定期检查”翻译为regular inspectins f first-aid equipment；表示“以防”短语为in case f；表示“突发情况”短语为unexpected situatins。故翻译为Schls shuld attach imprtance t regular inspectins f first-aid equipment in case f unexpected situatins.
47. 这位摄影师突然想到：他可以利用最不起眼的日常物品打造出一个奇幻世界。(hit) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________
【答案】It suddenly hit the phtgrapher that he culd use the mst incnspicuus everyday items t create a fantasy wrld.
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和短语。句子的描述的为过去的事情，使用一般过去时，主语“这位摄影师”为“the phtgrapher”，副词“突然”为“suddenly”，固定句型“某人突然想起……”为“It suddenly hit sb that...”；“用……做某事”为“ d”；“他可以利用最不起眼的日常物品”为“主谓宾”结构的句子，主语“他”为“he”，“可以利用”为“culd use”，“最不起眼的”为“the mst incnspicuus”，“日常物品”为“everyday items”，则翻译为“He culd use the mst incnspicuus everyday items.”；“打造出一个奇幻世界”为目的状语，使用动词不定式来翻译，“打造”为“create”，“一个奇幻世界”为“a fantasy wrld”，则翻译为“t create a fantasy wrld”。故翻译为It suddenly hit the phtgrapher that he culd use the mst incnspicuus everyday items t create a fantasy wrld.
VI. Guided Writing (15分)
48. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in abut 120 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
近日，有人大代表提议：为了锻炼学生意志、提高学生身体素质，即使遇到极端天气时，学校不应该随意停课(suspend classes at will)，而是应该在保证学生安全的前提下，鼓励学生继续上课。假如你是学生李明，你对此话题很感兴趣，在学校英文杂志上回应该提议，内容包括:
1)你支持还是反对该提议；
2)结合生活实际给出相应的理由。
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【答案】范文
As a student, I have been clsely fllwing the discussin regarding the recent prpsal t nt suspend classes during extreme weather cnditins. While I appreciate the intentin t strengthen ur resilience and physical fitness, I must express my ppsitin t this prpsal.
Firstly, safety shuld always be ur utmst pririty. In extreme weather, such as severe strms r flding, traveling t schl can pse significant risks t ur health and safety. Secndly, cntinuing classes in such cnditins may nt be cnducive t learning. Students may be distracted by the weather and unable t fcus n their studies.
Therefre, I believe that it is wiser t suspend classes in extreme weather and priritize the safety and well-being f students and teachers.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生近日，有人大代表提议：为了锻炼学生意志、提高学生身体素质，即使遇到极端天气时，学校不应该随意停课，而是应该在保证学生安全的前提下，鼓励学生继续上课。假如你是学生李明，你对此话题很感兴趣，在学校英文杂志上回应该提议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
加强：strengthen→reinfrce
表达：express→extend
欣赏：appreciate→admire
有益：be cnducive t→be beneficial t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Secndly, cntinuing classes in such cnditins may nt be cnducive t learning. Students may be distracted by the weather and unable t fcus n their studies.
拓展句：Secndly, cntinuing classes in such cnditins may nt be cnducive t learning because students may be distracted by the weather and unable t fcus n their studies.
【点睛】[高分句型1] While I appreciate the intentin t strengthen ur resilience and physical fitness, I must express my ppsitin t this prpsal. (运用了while引导让步状语从句)
[高分句型2] Secndly, cntinuing classes in such cnditins may nt be cnducive t learning. (运用了动名词作主语)
1-6 ABCCDD 7-10 ADAD 11-14 BCCA
A. unremarkable B.drawn C. practical D.sensatin E.setbacks F.reslving
G.applauding H.inevitably I.riginality J. subsequent K.essentially