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2024年高考押题预测卷01（北京卷）英语（解析版）
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这是一份2024年高考押题预测卷01（北京卷）英语（解析版），共20页。
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sprts are imprtant in ur family. Bth f ur sns were high-schl athletes. S, I shuldn’t have been 1 when Lauren annunced she was ging ut fr the girls’ basketball team. But I was, because she has Dwn syndrme(唐氏综合症). My wife and I never tld Lauren that she was 2 . We treated her like ur ther children. We didn’t want her t feel disabled.
“I’m gnna play basketball, Daddy.” Lauren ran t meet me when I came in frm wrk. She flew int my arms and lingered lng in my embrace. “That’s 3 , hney,” I patted her shulder and walked int the kitchen. My wife spke slwly, her tne steady. “What Lauren’s trying t say is that she’s jining the girls’ high-schl basketball team.” Her wrds 4 in. Everything that culd happen flashed thrugh my mind. But what culd we d?
Mid-Nvember, the seasn’s first basketball game arrived. It gt ff t a gd start, but sn Verden, Lauren’s team, was behind. Lauren 5 fllwed the mvement n the curt and reacted t every sht. Even thugh she wasn’t playing, she lked as if she were having the time f her life.
Just less than tw minutes were left, and Verden was dwn by seventeen pints when Lauren was called in fr the game! She 6 the thers fairly well. Frm her agile mvement and eager expressin, I knew she was desperate t scre fr her team. Then they passed Lauren the ball. She 7 it. She sht. She scred! A few minutes later, Lauren jined us in the stands. “Did yu see? I scred! I made a 8 !”
Fr sixteen years, I’d tried hard t 9 Lauren frm feeling like she was different. But watching Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different—nt physically r emtinally, but 10 .
1．A．disappintedB．surprisedC．depressedD．embarrassed
2．A．nrmalB．rdinaryC．differentD．typical
3．A．awfulB．strangeC．hardD．nice
4．A．sankB．puredC．cameD．kicked
5．A．frequentlyB．carelesslyC．attentivelyD．repeatedly
6．A．kept pace withB．gave way tC．put up withD．brke away frm
7．A．threwB．missedC．castD．caught
8．A．mistakeB．recrdC．messD．basket
9．A．excuseB．shelterC．discurageD．prhibit
10．A．cnsciuslyB．spirituallyC．literallyD．scially
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位女孩劳伦，她有唐氏综合症，但是她的父母一直以来都没有告诉她这个事实，并且对她和其他孩子一样对待。Laure表现出对篮球的兴趣，并加入了女子篮球队。在一场比赛中，虽然她被叫上场的时间很短，但她成功地投篮得分，这让她感到非常自豪。通过这次比赛，父亲意识到劳伦的不同之处不仅仅是身体和情感上的，而是她对生活的态度。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，我不应该感到惊讶。A. disappinted沮丧的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“But I was, because she has Dwn syndrme”可知，对于正常的孩子来说参加篮球队是不应该感到惊讶的，但因为劳伦有唐氏综合征，她要参加篮球队这是让作者惊讶的。故选B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同。A. nrmal正常的；B. rdinary普通的；C. different不同的；D. typical典型的。根据“We treated her like ur ther children. We didn’t want her t feel disabled.”可知，作者和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同，作者对待她与对待其他的孩子是一样的。故选C。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太好了，亲爱的。A. awful糟糕的；B. strange奇怪的；C. hard困难的；D. nice愉快的。根据““I’m gnna play basketball, Daddy.””可知，劳伦告诉作者其要参加篮球队，作为父亲，作者表示赞同。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话被理解了。A. sank沉入，被理解；B. pured倾倒；C. came来到；D. kicked踢。根据““What Lauren’s trying t say is that she’s jining the girls’ high-schl basketball team.””可知，作者理解了劳伦的话即劳伦想说的是她要加入女子高中篮球队。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。A. frequently经常地；B. carelessly不小心地；C. attentively注意地；D. repeatedly反复的。根据“reacted t every sht”可知，劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。故选C。
6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。A. kept pace with跟上；B. gave way t让位给；C. put up with忍受；D. brke away frm逃离。根据“the thers fairly well”可知，她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住了球。A. threw投掷；B. missed错过；C. cast投掷；D. caught抓住。根据“Then they passed Lauren the ball.”可知，队友们把球传给了劳伦，劳伦接住了球即抓住了球。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我投进球了！A. mistake错误；B. recrd记录；C. mess混乱；D. basket投篮得分。根据“I scred!”可知，劳伦进球了。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：16年来，我一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。A. excuse借口；B. shelter提供保护；C. discurage使泄气；D. prhibit禁止。根据“frm feeling like she was different”可知，作者一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。故选B。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但看着比赛中的劳伦，我发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。A. cnsciusly有意识地；B. spiritually精神上地；C. literally文字地；D. scially社交地。根据“nt physically r emtinally”可知，看着比赛中的劳伦，作者发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。故选B。
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
My time was my wn after the afternn bard, Saturdays, and I was accustmed t putting it in n a little sail-bat n the bay. One day I ventured t far, and 11 (carry) ut t sea. Just at nightfall, when hpe was abut gne, I was picked up by a small bat which was bund fr Lndn. It was a lng and 12 (strm) vyage, and they made me wrk my passage withut pay, as a cmmn sailr. When I stepped ashre in Lndn my clthes were ragged and shabby, and I had nly a dllar in my pcket. This mney 13 (feed) and sheltered me twenty-fur hurs. During the next twenty-fur I went withut fd and shelter.
【答案】11．was carried 12．strmy 13．fed
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者失误被小船带进大海后的经历。
11．考查时态和语态。句意：一天，我冒险走得太远，被带到海里去了。根据句意及ventured可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时，且主语I和carry“带着”为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态was carried。故填was carried。
12．考查形容词。句意：这是一次漫长而又狂风暴雨的航行，他们让我做一名普通水手，没有报酬。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词strmy“有暴风雨(或暴风雪)的”，作定语，修饰vyage。故填strmy。
13．考查时态。句意：这笔钱养活了我24小时。根据句意及sheltered可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时，且主语This mney和feed“养活”为主动关系，故填过去式fed。故填fed。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Gather a cuple f friends and take a leisurely walk thrugh the streets—this is 14 many yungsters enjy ding when they visit a new city. T them, citywalk means wandering arund the city n ft. Participants can fllw a distinctive urban rute, 15 (explre) the city at their wn pace. Cmpared with famus 16 (spt) and big crwds, they prefer t gain a mre inclusive experience f the places they visit.
【答案】14．what 15．explring 16．spts
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍许多年轻人喜欢结伴在城市街头漫步，这种步行游览方式让他们能以自己的节奏探索城市，获得更全面的游览体验，而不是去热门景点挤人群。
14．考查名词性从句。句意：约上几个朋友，在街上悠闲地散步——这是许多年轻人在访问一个新城市时喜欢做的事情。分析句子结构可知，本句为表语从句。从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：参与者可以沿着独特的城市路线，以自己的节奏探索城市。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Participants与explre之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填explring。
16．考查名词的数。句意：与著名景点和拥挤的人群相比，他们更喜欢在他们参观的地方获得更全面的体验。名词spt为可数名词，泛指许多景点，用复数形式。故填spts。
C
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Gvernment’s sugar tax n sft drinks 17 (bring) in half as much mney as Ministers first predicted, the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn. First 18 (annunce) in April, 2016, the tax which applies t sft drinks cntaining mre than 5g f sugar per 100ml, 19 (intrduce) t help reduce childhd besity(肥胖). It is believed that tday’s children and teenagers are cnsuming t much, almst three times the recmmended level f sugar, putting them at a 20 (high) risk f the disease than thse in the past decade.
【答案】17．has brught 18．annunced 19．was intrduced 20．higher
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收糖税的原因。
17．考查时态。句意：英国政府对软饮料征收糖税的首份官方数据显示，该政策带来的税收是大臣们最初预期的一半。根据句意和下文的“the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn”可知，空格处的谓语动词也应该用现在完成时；因为主语是“The Gvernment’s sugar tax”，所以助动词应该用has。故填has brught。
18．考查过去分词。句意：该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。根据句意分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语形式作状语，annunce和句中主语the tax之间是逻辑被动关系，所以应该用过去分词作状语。故填annunced。
19．考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，陈述过去的事实，且句子主语和谓语动词intrduce之间是被动关系，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态；根据主语the tax确定谓语动词用单数形式。故填was intrduced。
20．考查形容词的比较级。句意：据信，现在的儿童和青少年摄入了太多的糖，几乎是推荐水平的三倍，使他们比过去十年的人患糖尿病的风险更高。根据句意和下文的than可知，空格处应该用所给形容词high的比较级形式higher。故填higher。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Jin the Sydney City Library
1. Create a City f Sydney accunt and jin the library
Experience greater security and access t ur library and ther services by jining with a City f Sydney accunt. Yur City f Sydney accunt uses yur email address and a passwrd as the lgin. Yu’ll be able t use the same lgin t access ther City f Sydney services.
① G t the library nline catalgue and select Jin
② Select Create an accunt and fllw the instructins
③ When the accunt is created, select Jin the library
2. Jin the library withut an email address
If yu dn’t have an email address yu can still jin the library.
① G t the library nline catalgue and select Jin
② Select Create an accunt and then the ptin I dn’t have an email
③ Fllw the prmpts t cmplete the library membership frm
3. Activate (激活) yur membership
T ensure yur full membership and cllect yur library card, visit a branch pen fr brwsing and brrwing. Yu need t shw prf f identity and permanent residential address. Official dcuments such as a driver licence, student card, bank statement r rates are accepted.
Applicants under 18 years ld
A parent r guardian is required t apprve yur applicatin. They need t visit a branch with yu t shw prf f identity, including their residential address and medicare card listing yur name. Fr nline memberships this prf f identity shuld be emailed t librarymemberships@cityfsydney. nsw. gv. au
21．What’s the benefit f having a City f Sydney accunt?
A．Yu can spend less mney.B．Yu can brrw mre bks.
C．Yu can enjy safer access.D．Yu can lg in withut a passwrd.
22．What d yu need t activate yur membership?
A．Library card.B．Email address.
C．Identity dcuments.D．Bank passwrd.
23．What is this text?
A．A guide.B．A pster.C．A reprt.D．A ntice.
【答案】21．C 22．C 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加入悉尼市图书馆的具体流程，以及如何激活会员资格。
21．细节理解题。根据文章“Create a City f Sydney accunt and jin the library”部分中的“Experience greater security and access t ur library and ther services by jining with a City f Sydney accunt.(通过创建悉尼市账户，您可以体验更高的安全性和获取图书馆及其他服务的权限。)”可知，通过创建悉尼市账户，您可以体验更高的安全性。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据文章“Activate (激活) yur membership”部分中的“T ensure yur full membership and cllect yur library card, visit a branch pen fr brwsing and brrwing. Yu need t shw prf f identity and permanent residential address. Official dcuments such as a driver licence, student card, bank statement r rates are accepted.(要确保成为正式会员并领取借书证，请到开放的分馆浏览和借阅。你需要出示身份证明和永久居住地址。官方文件，如驾照、学生证、银行对账单或利率均可接受。)”可知，如果想要激活会员资格，你需要出示身份证明和永久居住地址。官方文件，如驾照、学生证、银行对账单或利率均可接受。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章提供了一系列详细的步骤和说明，指导读者如何加入悉尼市图书馆，包括创建账户、选择加入方式、激活会员资格以及特定情况下的要求等。这种结构清晰、目的明确的文本通常被称为“指南”或“操作指南”，旨在为读者提供具体的指导，帮助他们完成某项任务或了解某个主题。故选A。
B
“I am s srry,” I tearfully said t my principal investigatr (PI), explaining I wuld nt be able t return t wrk as riginally planned. Befre I became a parent, I had assumed a baby wuld fit right int my academic plans. But nw, as the end f my leave apprached, I realized I culdn’t simply carry n as I always had. I was wrried this decisin might signal the end f my academic career-but I felt I had n ther chice.
Thankfully, my PI had mre fresight. He tld me I didn’t need t resign and that he culd ffer me a cntract that wuld allw me t cntribute t ur prject frm afar. It prved t be an abslute career lifeline tailred t me.
Then five years after stepping back frm academia, I felt ready t re-enter mre fully. Because I had been able t keep my hand in during my time away, the prspect was much less daunting than it wuld have been therwise. I ended up landing a lecturer psitin that allwed me t slwly ease back in, fcusing n teaching and schlarship with research taking a back seat. And when, 4 years n, a senir lectureship psitin came up in the very grup I had left a decade earlier, the timing was right. With bth f my children in “big schl,” I was ready t really put my ft dwn n the career acceleratr. I gt the jb.
Nw, 6 mnths int my new rle, I am happy t be right where it all began, with invlvement in s many interesting prjects. But what truly made the difference fr me was the ffer f what I needed during that time away. I hpe mre institutins and PIs can cme up with creative prvisins fr thse in their wrkfrce wh dn’t want t give up their careers but want-r-need t take extended perids f leave. And t thse wh are taking such breaks, r cnsidering it, knw that returning is pssible. Abve all, n bth sides: Please d nt discunt extended leavers. We have a lt t ffer — if we are given the chance.
24．What can we learn abut the authr frm the first paragraph?
A．She chse t sacrifice her family fr her career.
B．Her path t PI began when she became a parent.
C．She struck a balance between wrk and family.
D．She had intended t stick t her academic plans.
25．What des the underlined wrd “daunting” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Realistic.B．Scary.C．Unlikely.D．Attractive.
26．What cntributed mst t her success accrding t the authr?
A．Supprtive wrk envirnment.B．Academic researches.
C．Invlvement in engaging prjects.D．Interest in the prjects.
27．What’s the authr’s purpse f writing the passage?
A．T analyze.B．T entertain.C．T prmte.D．T reprt.
【答案】24．D 25．B 26．A 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者讲述了自己成为父母后因为无法回到原来的工作岗位而感到困惑和担忧。然而，幸运的是，他们的研究主任为他提供了一份可以远程参与项目的合同，这成为了他职业生涯的转折点。经过几年的休假，作者感到自己已经准备好重新全职工作，最终找到了一份讲师职位。凭借着之前在离开期间的经验，回归工作并没有那么困难。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Befre I became a parent, I had assumed a baby wuld fit right int my academic plans. But nw, as the end f my leave apprached, I realized I culdn’t simply carry n as I always had. I was wrried this decisin might signal the end f my academic career-but I felt I had n ther chice.( 在我为人父母之前，我曾以为有个孩子正好符合我的学业计划。但现在，随着我的假期即将结束，我意识到我不能像往常一样简单地继续下去。我担心这个决定可能标志着我学术生涯的结束，但我觉得我别无选择。)”可知，作者之前认为孩子会完全适应她的学术计划，但现在她意识到不能像以前一样继续工作，因此她感到困惑和担忧即作者本来打算坚持自己的学业计划。故选D。
25．词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Then five years after stepping back frm academia, I felt ready t re-enter mre fully. Because I had been able t keep my hand in during my time away(在退出学术界五年后，我觉得自己已经准备好更全面地重返学术界。因为在我离开的这段时间里，我一直在工作)”可推知，此处指虽然作者退出了学术界，但是一直没有让自己对学术界生疏，一直在进行工作，让自己对学术界保持着熟悉的状态，因此前景远没有以前那么让作者害怕。故划线词与B选项“Scary.(害怕的)”为同义词。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But what truly made the difference fr me was the ffer f what I needed during that time away. I hpe mre institutins and PIs can cme up with creative prvisins fr thse in their wrkfrce wh dn’t want t give up their careers but want-r need-t take extended perids f leave.( 但真正对我产生影响的是在这段时间里我所需要的东西。我希望更多的机构和负责人能够为那些不想放弃自己的事业，但希望或需要延长休假时间的员工提供创造性的规定。)”可知，现在，6个月过去了，作者很高兴回到了一切的起点，在众多有趣的项目中参与其中，但最让其开心的是能够在那段时间离开时得到所需的帮助。因此作者认为最为重要的是支持性的工作环境。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But what truly made the difference fr me was the ffer f what I needed during that time away. I hpe mre institutins and PIs can cme up with creative prvisins fr thse in their wrkfrce wh dn’t want t give up their careers but want-r need-t take extended perids f leave. And t thse wh are taking such breaks, r cnsidering it, knw that returning is pssible. Abve all, n bth sides: Please d nt discunt extended leavers. We have a lt t ffer-if we are given the chance.(但真正对我产生影响的是在这段时间里我所需要的东西。我希望更多的机构和负责人能够为那些不想放弃自己的事业，但希望或需要延长休假时间的员工提供创造性的规定。对于那些正在休假或考虑休假的人，要知道，回来是可能的。最重要的是，双方:请不要轻视长期离职者。如果给我们机会，我们有很多东西可以提供。)”可知，从文章最后一段可以看出，作者希望通过自己的经历告诉人们，回归工作是可能的，并呼吁更多的机构和领导提供有创意的设施，不要轻易忽视那些休长期假期的人的能力和价值。因此，作者写这篇文章的目的是促进人们对于这个问题的关注和重视。故选C。
C
Researchers have lng knwn that the brain links kinds f new facts, related r nt, when they are learned abut the same time. Fr the first time, scientists have recrded rutes in the brain f that kind f cntextual memry, the frequent change f thughts and emtins that surrunds every piece f newly learned infrmatin.
The recrdings, taken frm the brains f peple awaiting surgery fr epilepsy (癫痫), suggest that new memries f even abstract facts are encded (编码) in a brain-cell rder that als cntains infrmatin abut what else was happening during and just befre the memry was frmed.
In the new study, dctrs frm the University f Pennsylvania and Vanderbilt University tk recrdings frm a small piece f metal implanted in the brains f 69 peple with severe epilepsy. The implants allw dctrs t pinpint the lcatin f the flash flds f brain activity that cause epileptic happening. The patients perfrmed a simple memry task. They watched a series f nuns appear n a cmputer screen, and after a brief disturbance recalled as many f the wrds as they culd, in any rder. Repeated trials, with different lists f wrds, shwed a predictable effect: The participants tended t remember the wrds in grups, beginning with ne and recalling thse that were just befre r after.
This pattern, which scientists call the cntiguity effect, is similar t what ften happens in the card game cncentratin, in which players try t identify pairs in a rw f cards lying face-dwn. Pairs verturned clse are ften remembered tgether. The way the prcess wrks, the researchers say, is smething like recnstructing a night’s activities after a hangver: remembering a fact (a brken table) recalls a scene (dancing), which in turn brings t mind mre facts, like the ther peple wh were there.
Sure enugh, the peple in the study whse neural (神经) updating signals were strngest shwed the mst striking pattern f remembering wrds in grups. “When yu activate ne memry, yu are reactivating a little bit f what was happening arund the time the memry was frmed, and this prcess is what gives yu that feeling f time travel,” said Dr Michael J. Kahana.
28．What des “cntextual memry” refer t accrding t the text?
A．Memries abut the past facts.
B．Unrelated facts linked tgether.
C．Ideas and feelings arund new facts.
D．New facts encded int brain alne.
29．What is the purpse f studying patients with epilepsy?
A．T track the brain activity f cntextual memry.
B．T find the brain activity causing epilepsy.
C．T shw the frmatin f memry.
D．T test the new cure fr epilepsy.
30．What d the underlined wrds “cntiguity” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Implicatin.B．Similarity.C．Cntrast.D．Neighbrhd.
31．What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A．The feature f the research methd.B．The categry f the research subjects.
C．A brief summary f the research prcess.D．A further explanatin f the research results.
【答案】28．C 29．A 30．D 31．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过对69名严重癫痫患者的研究表明，出现那种上下文记忆在大脑中的路径是因为邻接效应，具体讲述了研究过程。
28．词句猜测题。由第一段中“Fr the first time, scientists have recrded rutes in the brain f that kind f cntextual memry, the frequent change f thughts and emtins that surrunds every piece f newly learned infrmatin. (科学家们首次记录了这种上下文记忆在大脑中的路径，即围绕每一条新学习信息的思想和情绪的频繁变化)”可知，“cntextual memry”指的是围绕新事实的想法和感受。故选C项。
29．推理判断题。由第一段中“Fr the first time, scientists have recrded rutes in the brain f that kind f cntextual memry, the frequent change f thughts and emtins that surrunds every piece f newly learned infrmatin. (科学家们首次记录了这种上下文记忆在大脑中的路径，即围绕每一条新学习信息的思想和情绪的频繁变化)”，第二段“The recrdings, taken frm the brains f peple awaiting surgery fr epilepsy (癫痫), suggest that new memries f even abstract facts are encded (编码) in a brain-cell rder that als cntains infrmatin abut what else was happening during and just befre the memry was frmed. (这些记录取自等待癫痫手术的人的大脑，表明即使是抽象事实的新记忆也以脑细胞顺序编码，其中还包含关于记忆形成期间和之前发生的其他事情的信息)”和第三段中“The patients perfrmed a simple memry task. They watched a series f nuns appear n a cmputer screen, and after a brief disturbance recalled as many f the wrds as they culd, in any rder. (患者进行了一项简单的记忆任务。他们看着一系列名词出现在电脑屏幕上，在短暂的干扰后，他们以任何顺序回忆起尽可能多的单词)”可知，研究癫痫患者，让其进行一项简单的记忆任务（干扰后，以任何顺序回忆起尽可能多的单词），是为了记录了这种上下文记忆在大脑中的路径，换句话说是为了追踪上下文记忆的大脑活动。故选A项。
30．词句猜测题。由第三段中“The participants tended t remember the wrds in grups, beginning with ne and recalling thse that were just befre r after. (参与者倾向于分组记住单词，从一个单词开始，并回忆之前或之后的单词)”可知，在记忆时被实验者会回忆一个单词之前或之后的单词，即回忆临近的单词；再结合第四段中“This pattern, which scientists call the cntiguity effect, is similar t what ften happens in the card game cncentratin, in which players try t identify pairs in a rw f cards lying face-dwn. Pairs verturned clse are ften remembered tgether. (这种模式，科学家称之为cntiguity效应，类似于纸牌游戏集中时经常发生的情况，即玩家试图识别脸朝下的一排纸牌中的成对纸牌。翻得很近的一对纸牌经常被铭记在一起)”讲翻得很近的一对纸牌经常被铭记在一起，这也是表明离得近容易被记住，划线词意为“与某处临近的地方（Neighbrhd）”，可得出科学家称之为“邻接效应”。故选D项。
31．主旨大意题。由第五段“Sure enugh, the peple in the study whse neural (神经) updating signals were strngest shwed the mst striking pattern f remembering wrds in grups. “When yu activate ne memry, yu are reactivating a little bit f what was happening arund the time the memry was frmed, and this prcess is what gives yu that feeling f time travel,” said Dr Michael J. Kahana. (果不其然，研究中神经更新信号最强的人在群体中表现出最显著的单词记忆模式。Michael J. Kahana博士说：“当你激活一个记忆时，你就重新激活了记忆形成)”可知，第五段主要是对研究结果的进一步解释。故选D项。
D
Belw are several things that will have happened by the mid-pint f this century bth fr the gd and bad.
Right nw, peple are fcused n AI ptentially causing jb lsses but the reality culd be far wrse. Gerge Stakhv said, “By 2050, AI will have prfundly(深刻地) reshaped the wrld. There is a dark AI future where thse wh cntrl AI will gain huge pwer, while 99 percent f the ppulatin will be disenfranchised(剥夺权利) .The AI lrds will cntrl the wrld’s data and turn the rest f us int their serfs. The alternative is a bright AI scenari, where everyne benefits frm AI thrugh better healthcare, faster transprt and less pllutin.”
Futurist and frmer Ggle engineer Ray Kurzweil says that peple will merge with machines by 2025. In an event he describes as the “Singularity”, Kurzweil predicts that by 2045, peple will cnnect their brains t machines. “I have set a date fr the Singularity in 2045, which is when we will increase ur effective intelligence a billinfld by merging with the intelligence we have created.”
Alien-hunting astrnmer Seth Shstak bet fellw astrnmers that we shuld find aliens within tw dzen years. That means we culd be in cntact with ET by 2036. Shstak has since dubled dwn n his predictin, saying that newer measurements suggest there culd be billins f Earth-like wrlds. That means if the Earth is the nly place with life, it’s like a winner in a lttery where the dds are a billin t ne. That may be the strngest argument fr life in space.
Saring humidity (湿度) and heat will lead t heatwaves where it is almst impssible fr humans t survive utdrs in areas including Suth Asia, the Persian Gulf, and the Red Sea. By 2070, this will als be true in areas f Brazil and China. “Wet bulb” temperatures refer t cnditins where temperature and humidity are high, making it hard t survive utdrs. Humans can survive temperatures f up t 50℃ when humidity is lw, but in high humidity, humans cannt survive because there is n way t cl dwn by sweating. Even extremely strng and fit peple die within hurs. Large areas f the Earth might be uninhabitable.
32．What is the dark AI future accrding t Gerge Stakhv?
A．AI will hld pwer ver humans.
B．Humans will earn a basic lw wage.
C．Humans will have t serve as AI’s masters.
D．AI will becme the wner f the Earth.
33．What is Shstak’s attitude twards the existence f aliens?
A．Dubtful.B．Apprving.C．Cautius.D．Negative.
34．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Heatwaves ccur in mst areas in the wrld.
B．High humidity causes peple t sweat a lt.
C．Huge areas f the Earth might be uninhabitable.
D．Peple can’t live in lw humidity fr a lng time.
【答案】32．C 33．B 34．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了本世纪中叶将会发生的一些事情。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段第三四句“There is a dark AI future where thse wh cntrl AI will gain huge pwer, while 99 percent f the ppulatin will be disenfranchised.The AI lrds will cntrl the wrld’s data and turn the rest f us int their serfs.”（有一个黑暗的人工智能未来，那些控制人工智能的人将获得巨大的权力，而99%的人口将被剥夺公民权，人工智能领主将控制世界的数据，把我们其他人变成他们的奴隶。）说明Gerge Stakhv认为黑暗的人工智能未来指的是一部分人控制了人工智能，成为人工智能的主人，进而导致大部分人沦为少数人的奴隶。故选C项。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Alien-hunting astrnmer Seth Shstak bet fellw astrnmers that we shuld find aliens within tw dzen years.”（寻找外星人的天文学家Seth Shstak和其他天文学家打赌说，我们应该在24年内能内找到外星人。）可知，Shstak对外星生命的存在持赞成的态度。故选B项。
34．主旨大意题。根据最后一段前两句“Saring humidity and heat will lead t heatwaves where it is almst impssible fr humans t survive utdrs in areas including Suth Asia, the Persian Gulf, and the Red Sea. By 2070, this will als be true in areas f Brazil and China.”（急剧上升的湿度和热量将导致热浪，在南亚、波斯湾和红海等地区，人类几乎不可能在户外生存。到2070年，巴西和中国的部分地区也将如此。）及最后一句“Large areas f the Earth might be uninhabitable.”（地球上的大片地区可能不适合居住。）可知，本段通过介绍地球温度和湿度的变化来说明地球上的大片地区可能不适合居住。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
French parenting isn’t perfect, but there’s a lt we can learn frm this kind but n-nnsense style f parenting.
French children are allwed t handle difficult things themselves. 35 The early years are when they discver all the cl ways their new bdy wrks and hw t use it. T encurage this autnmy, French parents treat children mre like adults-in-training than helpless babies. They believe kids feel cnfident when they’re able t deal with things n their wn.
Fearful f hurting feelings, American parents tend t praise every child fr everything. 36 Hwever, all that praise eventually turns ut t be pintless. By cntrast, French adults give children apprpriate praise, thus allwing them t feel a true sense f achievement and take pride in what they learn.
Painful experiences are the best learning pprtunities and sheltering children frm this fact f life will merely delay their emtinal develpment. French dctrs never say “srry” when giving kids shts. The French believe underging hurts, is part f life and that there’s n reasn t aplgize fr that. 37
Plus, the expectatin f eye cntact and a plite hell starts frm the minute French children can say hell. They knw saying “hell” and gd manners are nn-negtiable. Teaching them abut that will benefit them fr a lifetime. 38 Be patient with little nes as they learn.
All the abve feels easier said than dne, especially as a tired parent facing an intlerable child. 39 Yur effrts will end up with children’s better behaviur verall.
A．They mean what they say.
B．This isn’t t say it’ll cme easily.
C．It might save tears in the shrt term.
D．They wish children t suffer smetimes.
E．Bearing a few blw-ups is wrthwhile, thugh.
F．Parents have t spare them such psychlgical discmfrt.
G．“Me d it!” is little kids’ favrite phrase and fr gd reasn.
【答案】35．G 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了法国的育儿方式。
35．由上文“French children are allwed t handle difficult things themselves. (法国儿童被允许自己处理困难的事情。)”和下文“The early years are when they discver all the cl ways their new bdy wrks and hw t use it. T encurage this autnmy, French parents treat children mre like adults-in-training than helpless babies. They believe kids feel cnfident when they’re able t deal with things n their wn. (在最初的几年里，他们发现了他们的新身体运作的所有很酷的方式以及如何使用它。为了鼓励这种自主性，法国父母对待孩子更像是在接受训练的成年人，而不是无助的婴儿。他们认为，当孩子们能够自己处理事情时，他们会感到自信。)”可知，法国孩子们愿意自己处理困难的事情，故G选项““Me d it!” is little kids’ favrite phrase and fr gd reasn. (“我做！”是小孩子们最喜欢的一句话，这是有充分理由的。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
36．由上文“Fearful f hurting feelings, American parents tend t praise every child fr everything. (由于害怕伤害孩子的感情，美国父母倾向于在任何事情上表扬每个孩子。)”可知，本空要说这种表扬的后果有关的话题，故C选项“It might save tears in the shrt term. (这可能在短期内挽救眼泪。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
37．由上文“Painful experiences are the best learning pprtunities and sheltering children frm this fact f life will merely delay their emtinal develpment. French dctrs never say “srry” when giving kids shts. The French believe underging hurts, is part f life and that there’s n reasn t aplgize fr that. (痛苦的经历是最好的学习机会，让孩子们逃避生活中的这一事实只会延迟他们的情感发展。法国医生在给孩子打针时从不说“对不起”。法国人认为，经历伤害是生活的一部分，没有理由为此道歉。)”可知，痛苦的经历是最好的学习机会，经历伤害是生活的一部分，所以他们希望孩子们有时受苦，故D选项“They wish children t suffer smetimes. (他们希望孩子们有时受苦。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
38．由上文“Plus, the expectatin f eye cntact and a plite hell starts frm the minute French children can say hell. They knw saying “hell” and gd manners are nn-negtiable. Teaching them abut that will benefit them fr a lifetime. (此外，从法国孩子会打招呼的那一刻起，他们就开始期待眼神交流和礼貌的问候。他们知道说“你好”和礼貌是不容置疑的。教会他们这些将使他们受益终生。)”和下文“Be patient with little nes as they learn. (在孩子学习的过程中对他们要有耐心。)”可知，教会他们这些并不容易，所以要有耐心，故B选项“This isn’t t say it’ll cme easily. (这并不是说它会来得容易。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。
39．由下文“Yur effrts will end up with children’s better behaviur verall. (你的努力最终会让孩子们表现得更好。)”可知，这些努力是值得的，故E选项“Bearing a few blw-ups is wrthwhile, thugh. (不过，承受几次发脾气是值得的。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Electric scter safety
If yu lk arund the streets f Lndn, yu’ll see the many methds peple use t mve arund. Whether it’s n a cmmute t wrk, a trip t the shps, r a sightseeing excursin, there are peple n buses, the Tube, cars, mtrbikes, bicycles and even rller skates. The rads are already cngested (jammed); and nw there’s a new additin: electric, r “e-scters”.
This traditinal children’s vehicle has becme mre sphisticated ver the years. And nw, with the additin f a small electric mtr, it’s becme a cheap and easy mde f transprt. Scting arund twn can be fun and desn’t invlve much effrt, s it’s n wnder they’re becming increasingly ppular in cities arund the wrld. But fllwing what’s believed t be the first fatal accident invlving an electric scter in the UK, questins are being asked abut their safety and whether traffic laws shuld be changed.
Sme scter riders have been seen n pavements; thers n the rad jumping red traffic lights, adding t the frustratin f mtrists stuck in jams. In the UK, the law states that riding ne n the public highway r pavement is frbidden. Riders currently face a £300 fixed-penalty ntice and six pints n their driving licence fr ding s. But, despite this, it seems the increasing ppularity f e-scters means they can be seen everywhere. And nw users are calling n regulatins t be changed.
The UK gvernment is lking at hw safely they can be used n the rad and is ‘reviewing’ the law. But its transprt minister, Michael Ellis, has tld the BBC that: “Micrmbility prducts are appearing in cuntries acrss the glbe and are an exciting innvatin fr which we knw there is demand. Hwever, safety must always be ur tp pririty when cnsidering their use n public highways in this cuntry.”
There’s n dubt there are dangers in riding a tw-wheeled scter. Despite the fact that sme f them can exceed 30mph, they smetimes nly have ne brake and n lights. They als becme unstable if the rider hits a pthle, and hwever cnfident the rider may be, larger vehicles n the rad make them vulnerable (easy t be hurt). S it seems mre wrk needs t be dne t give e-scters a safe and legal space t travel in.
40．What is it that makes an e-scter easy t ride?
41．Why are mtrists annyed by thse e-scter riders?
42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement. Then underline it and explain why.
T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut where e-scters can be used.
43．D yu think e-scters shuld be allwed n public rads? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40．A cheap and easy mde f transprt as well as fun and invlving less effrt. 41．Because scter riders break the law. 42．T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut where e-scters can be used. Accrding t the passage, T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut safety. 43．Yes, I d. Because I think it is cnvenient, cheap, effrtless and time-saving. Hwever, scter riders shuld have the awareness f safety and the relative laws shuld be stricter.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了英国电动踏板车带来便利的同时，也引起了安全问题。
40．细节理解题。根据第二段第二三句“And nw, with the additin f a small electric mtr, it’s becme a cheap and easy mde f transprt. Scting arund twn can be fun and desn’t invlve much effrt, s it’s n wnder they’re becming increasingly ppular in cities arund the wrld. (现在，加上一个小型电动机，它就变成了一种便宜又方便的交通方式。在城市里骑电动踏板车既有趣又不费力，难怪它们在世界各地的城市越来越受欢迎。)”可知，电动踏板车骑起来容易广受欢迎是因为它便宜又方便，有趣又不费力。故答案为： A cheap and easy mde f transprt as well as fun and invlving less effrt.
41．细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Sme scter riders have been seen n pavements; thers n the rad jumping red traffic lights, adding t the frustratin f mtrists stuck in jams. In the UK, the law states that riding ne n the public highway r pavement is frbidden. (有人在人行道上看到骑电动踏板车的人；还有一些电动踏板车的人在路上闯红灯，这增加了被堵在路上的司机的挫败感。在英国，法律规定禁止在公共高速公路或人行道上骑车。)”可知，在英国，法律规定禁止在公共高速公路或人行道上骑车，所以，当司机看到他们在人行道上或者闯红灯时，司机们就会恼火。故答案为：Because scter riders break the law.
42．细节理解题。根据第四段首句“The UK gvernment is lking at hw safely they can be used n the rad and is ‘reviewing’ the law. (英国政府正在研究电动踏板车在道路上的安全性，并正在“审查”相关法律。)”以及末句“Hwever, safety must always be ur tp pririty when cnsidering their use n public highways in this cuntry. (然而，当我们考虑在这个国家的公共公路上使用它们时，安全必须始终是我们的首要任务。)”可知，英国政府认为安全必须始终是首要任务。故答案为：T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut where e-scters can be used. Accrding t the passage, T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut safety.
43．开放性试题。本题答案不唯一，结合实际情况言之有理即可。例如，可以认为电动踏板车应该被允许在路上。因为它方便便宜，而且能够节约时间，但是骑车人要有安全意识，而且相关法律也应更完善。Yes, I d. Because I think it is cnvenient, cheap, effrtless and time-saving. Hwever, scter riders shuld have the awareness f safety and the relative laws shuld be stricter.
第二节(20分)
44．你校将以“我做过的一份兼职”为题，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 简述这份兼职；
2. 你的收获。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文的题目已为你写好。
A part-time jb I have dne
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
A part-time jb I have dne
This summer, I wrked as a Chinese tutr fr an American by in the seventh grade.
It’s a challenging jb. The first prblem I had t slve was hw t imprve his learning enthusiasm. I used pictures, stries and prizes t stimulate his interest, which turned ut t wrk. The secnd challenge was t imprve his pr listening. I fund sme interesting Chinese cartns and watched them with him fr 30 minutes every day. After a mnth. he was able t understand mst f the speech in the cartns.
It’s a jy t see my wn effrts fruitful. I’ve als learnt that being a gd teacher requires a sense f humr and teaching skills besides knwledge.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你校将以“我做过的一份兼职”为题，举办英语征文比赛，写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
解决：slve → deal with
提高，增强：imprve → enhance
能够做某事：be able t d sth. → be capable f ding sth.
开心：jy → pleasure
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I fund sme interesting Chinese cartns and watched them with him fr 30 minutes every day.
拓展句：Because I fund sme interesting Chinese cartns, I watched them with him fr 30 minutes every day.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I used pictures, stries and prizes t stimulate his interest, which turned ut t wrk. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I’ve als learnt that being a gd teacher requires a sense f humr and teaching skills besides knwledge. (运用了that引导的宾语从句以及动名词作主语)
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sprts are imprtant in ur family. Bth f ur sns were high-schl athletes. S, I shuldn’t have been 1 when Lauren annunced she was ging ut fr the girls’ basketball team. But I was, because she has Dwn syndrme(唐氏综合症). My wife and I never tld Lauren that she was 2 . We treated her like ur ther children. We didn’t want her t feel disabled.
“I’m gnna play basketball, Daddy.” Lauren ran t meet me when I came in frm wrk. She flew int my arms and lingered lng in my embrace. “That’s 3 , hney,” I patted her shulder and walked int the kitchen. My wife spke slwly, her tne steady. “What Lauren’s trying t say is that she’s jining the girls’ high-schl basketball team.” Her wrds 4 in. Everything that culd happen flashed thrugh my mind. But what culd we d?
Mid-Nvember, the seasn’s first basketball game arrived. It gt ff t a gd start, but sn Verden, Lauren’s team, was behind. Lauren 5 fllwed the mvement n the curt and reacted t every sht. Even thugh she wasn’t playing, she lked as if she were having the time f her life.
Just less than tw minutes were left, and Verden was dwn by seventeen pints when Lauren was called in fr the game! She 6 the thers fairly well. Frm her agile mvement and eager expressin, I knew she was desperate t scre fr her team. Then they passed Lauren the ball. She 7 it. She sht. She scred! A few minutes later, Lauren jined us in the stands. “Did yu see? I scred! I made a 8 !”
Fr sixteen years, I’d tried hard t 9 Lauren frm feeling like she was different. But watching Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different—nt physically r emtinally, but 10 .
1．A．disappintedB．surprisedC．depressedD．embarrassed
2．A．nrmalB．rdinaryC．differentD．typical
3．A．awfulB．strangeC．hardD．nice
4．A．sankB．puredC．cameD．kicked
5．A．frequentlyB．carelesslyC．attentivelyD．repeatedly
6．A．kept pace withB．gave way tC．put up withD．brke away frm
7．A．threwB．missedC．castD．caught
8．A．mistakeB．recrdC．messD．basket
9．A．excuseB．shelterC．discurageD．prhibit
10．A．cnsciuslyB．spirituallyC．literallyD．scially
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位女孩劳伦，她有唐氏综合症，但是她的父母一直以来都没有告诉她这个事实，并且对她和其他孩子一样对待。Laure表现出对篮球的兴趣，并加入了女子篮球队。在一场比赛中，虽然她被叫上场的时间很短，但她成功地投篮得分，这让她感到非常自豪。通过这次比赛，父亲意识到劳伦的不同之处不仅仅是身体和情感上的，而是她对生活的态度。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，我不应该感到惊讶。A. disappinted沮丧的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“But I was, because she has Dwn syndrme”可知，对于正常的孩子来说参加篮球队是不应该感到惊讶的，但因为劳伦有唐氏综合征，她要参加篮球队这是让作者惊讶的。故选B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同。A. nrmal正常的；B. rdinary普通的；C. different不同的；D. typical典型的。根据“We treated her like ur ther children. We didn’t want her t feel disabled.”可知，作者和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同，作者对待她与对待其他的孩子是一样的。故选C。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太好了，亲爱的。A. awful糟糕的；B. strange奇怪的；C. hard困难的；D. nice愉快的。根据““I’m gnna play basketball, Daddy.””可知，劳伦告诉作者其要参加篮球队，作为父亲，作者表示赞同。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话被理解了。A. sank沉入，被理解；B. pured倾倒；C. came来到；D. kicked踢。根据““What Lauren’s trying t say is that she’s jining the girls’ high-schl basketball team.””可知，作者理解了劳伦的话即劳伦想说的是她要加入女子高中篮球队。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。A. frequently经常地；B. carelessly不小心地；C. attentively注意地；D. repeatedly反复的。根据“reacted t every sht”可知，劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。故选C。
6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。A. kept pace with跟上；B. gave way t让位给；C. put up with忍受；D. brke away frm逃离。根据“the thers fairly well”可知，她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住了球。A. threw投掷；B. missed错过；C. cast投掷；D. caught抓住。根据“Then they passed Lauren the ball.”可知，队友们把球传给了劳伦，劳伦接住了球即抓住了球。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我投进球了！A. mistake错误；B. recrd记录；C. mess混乱；D. basket投篮得分。根据“I scred!”可知，劳伦进球了。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：16年来，我一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。A. excuse借口；B. shelter提供保护；C. discurage使泄气；D. prhibit禁止。根据“frm feeling like she was different”可知，作者一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。故选B。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但看着比赛中的劳伦，我发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。A. cnsciusly有意识地；B. spiritually精神上地；C. literally文字地；D. scially社交地。根据“nt physically r emtinally”可知，看着比赛中的劳伦，作者发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。故选B。
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
My time was my wn after the afternn bard, Saturdays, and I was accustmed t putting it in n a little sail-bat n the bay. One day I ventured t far, and 11 (carry) ut t sea. Just at nightfall, when hpe was abut gne, I was picked up by a small bat which was bund fr Lndn. It was a lng and 12 (strm) vyage, and they made me wrk my passage withut pay, as a cmmn sailr. When I stepped ashre in Lndn my clthes were ragged and shabby, and I had nly a dllar in my pcket. This mney 13 (feed) and sheltered me twenty-fur hurs. During the next twenty-fur I went withut fd and shelter.
【答案】11．was carried 12．strmy 13．fed
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者失误被小船带进大海后的经历。
11．考查时态和语态。句意：一天，我冒险走得太远，被带到海里去了。根据句意及ventured可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时，且主语I和carry“带着”为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态was carried。故填was carried。
12．考查形容词。句意：这是一次漫长而又狂风暴雨的航行，他们让我做一名普通水手，没有报酬。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词strmy“有暴风雨(或暴风雪)的”，作定语，修饰vyage。故填strmy。
13．考查时态。句意：这笔钱养活了我24小时。根据句意及sheltered可知，事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时，且主语This mney和feed“养活”为主动关系，故填过去式fed。故填fed。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Gather a cuple f friends and take a leisurely walk thrugh the streets—this is 14 many yungsters enjy ding when they visit a new city. T them, citywalk means wandering arund the city n ft. Participants can fllw a distinctive urban rute, 15 (explre) the city at their wn pace. Cmpared with famus 16 (spt) and big crwds, they prefer t gain a mre inclusive experience f the places they visit.
【答案】14．what 15．explring 16．spts
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍许多年轻人喜欢结伴在城市街头漫步，这种步行游览方式让他们能以自己的节奏探索城市，获得更全面的游览体验，而不是去热门景点挤人群。
14．考查名词性从句。句意：约上几个朋友，在街上悠闲地散步——这是许多年轻人在访问一个新城市时喜欢做的事情。分析句子结构可知，本句为表语从句。从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：参与者可以沿着独特的城市路线，以自己的节奏探索城市。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Participants与explre之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填explring。
16．考查名词的数。句意：与著名景点和拥挤的人群相比，他们更喜欢在他们参观的地方获得更全面的体验。名词spt为可数名词，泛指许多景点，用复数形式。故填spts。
C
阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Gvernment’s sugar tax n sft drinks 17 (bring) in half as much mney as Ministers first predicted, the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn. First 18 (annunce) in April, 2016, the tax which applies t sft drinks cntaining mre than 5g f sugar per 100ml, 19 (intrduce) t help reduce childhd besity(肥胖). It is believed that tday’s children and teenagers are cnsuming t much, almst three times the recmmended level f sugar, putting them at a 20 (high) risk f the disease than thse in the past decade.
【答案】17．has brught 18．annunced 19．was intrduced 20．higher
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收糖税的原因。
17．考查时态。句意：英国政府对软饮料征收糖税的首份官方数据显示，该政策带来的税收是大臣们最初预期的一半。根据句意和下文的“the first fficial data n the plicy has shwn”可知，空格处的谓语动词也应该用现在完成时；因为主语是“The Gvernment’s sugar tax”，所以助动词应该用has。故填has brught。
18．考查过去分词。句意：该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。根据句意分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语形式作状语，annunce和句中主语the tax之间是逻辑被动关系，所以应该用过去分词作状语。故填annunced。
19．考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分，陈述过去的事实，且句子主语和谓语动词intrduce之间是被动关系，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态；根据主语the tax确定谓语动词用单数形式。故填was intrduced。
20．考查形容词的比较级。句意：据信，现在的儿童和青少年摄入了太多的糖，几乎是推荐水平的三倍，使他们比过去十年的人患糖尿病的风险更高。根据句意和下文的than可知，空格处应该用所给形容词high的比较级形式higher。故填higher。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Jin the Sydney City Library
1. Create a City f Sydney accunt and jin the library
Experience greater security and access t ur library and ther services by jining with a City f Sydney accunt. Yur City f Sydney accunt uses yur email address and a passwrd as the lgin. Yu’ll be able t use the same lgin t access ther City f Sydney services.
① G t the library nline catalgue and select Jin
② Select Create an accunt and fllw the instructins
③ When the accunt is created, select Jin the library
2. Jin the library withut an email address
If yu dn’t have an email address yu can still jin the library.
① G t the library nline catalgue and select Jin
② Select Create an accunt and then the ptin I dn’t have an email
③ Fllw the prmpts t cmplete the library membership frm
3. Activate (激活) yur membership
T ensure yur full membership and cllect yur library card, visit a branch pen fr brwsing and brrwing. Yu need t shw prf f identity and permanent residential address. Official dcuments such as a driver licence, student card, bank statement r rates are accepted.
Applicants under 18 years ld
A parent r guardian is required t apprve yur applicatin. They need t visit a branch with yu t shw prf f identity, including their residential address and medicare card listing yur name. Fr nline memberships this prf f identity shuld be emailed t librarymemberships@cityfsydney. nsw. gv. au
21．What’s the benefit f having a City f Sydney accunt?
A．Yu can spend less mney.B．Yu can brrw mre bks.
C．Yu can enjy safer access.D．Yu can lg in withut a passwrd.
22．What d yu need t activate yur membership?
A．Library card.B．Email address.
C．Identity dcuments.D．Bank passwrd.
23．What is this text?
A．A guide.B．A pster.C．A reprt.D．A ntice.
【答案】21．C 22．C 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加入悉尼市图书馆的具体流程，以及如何激活会员资格。
21．细节理解题。根据文章“Create a City f Sydney accunt and jin the library”部分中的“Experience greater security and access t ur library and ther services by jining with a City f Sydney accunt.(通过创建悉尼市账户，您可以体验更高的安全性和获取图书馆及其他服务的权限。)”可知，通过创建悉尼市账户，您可以体验更高的安全性。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据文章“Activate (激活) yur membership”部分中的“T ensure yur full membership and cllect yur library card, visit a branch pen fr brwsing and brrwing. Yu need t shw prf f identity and permanent residential address. Official dcuments such as a driver licence, student card, bank statement r rates are accepted.(要确保成为正式会员并领取借书证，请到开放的分馆浏览和借阅。你需要出示身份证明和永久居住地址。官方文件，如驾照、学生证、银行对账单或利率均可接受。)”可知，如果想要激活会员资格，你需要出示身份证明和永久居住地址。官方文件，如驾照、学生证、银行对账单或利率均可接受。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章提供了一系列详细的步骤和说明，指导读者如何加入悉尼市图书馆，包括创建账户、选择加入方式、激活会员资格以及特定情况下的要求等。这种结构清晰、目的明确的文本通常被称为“指南”或“操作指南”，旨在为读者提供具体的指导，帮助他们完成某项任务或了解某个主题。故选A。
B
“I am s srry,” I tearfully said t my principal investigatr (PI), explaining I wuld nt be able t return t wrk as riginally planned. Befre I became a parent, I had assumed a baby wuld fit right int my academic plans. But nw, as the end f my leave apprached, I realized I culdn’t simply carry n as I always had. I was wrried this decisin might signal the end f my academic career-but I felt I had n ther chice.
Thankfully, my PI had mre fresight. He tld me I didn’t need t resign and that he culd ffer me a cntract that wuld allw me t cntribute t ur prject frm afar. It prved t be an abslute career lifeline tailred t me.
Then five years after stepping back frm academia, I felt ready t re-enter mre fully. Because I had been able t keep my hand in during my time away, the prspect was much less daunting than it wuld have been therwise. I ended up landing a lecturer psitin that allwed me t slwly ease back in, fcusing n teaching and schlarship with research taking a back seat. And when, 4 years n, a senir lectureship psitin came up in the very grup I had left a decade earlier, the timing was right. With bth f my children in “big schl,” I was ready t really put my ft dwn n the career acceleratr. I gt the jb.
Nw, 6 mnths int my new rle, I am happy t be right where it all began, with invlvement in s many interesting prjects. But what truly made the difference fr me was the ffer f what I needed during that time away. I hpe mre institutins and PIs can cme up with creative prvisins fr thse in their wrkfrce wh dn’t want t give up their careers but want-r-need t take extended perids f leave. And t thse wh are taking such breaks, r cnsidering it, knw that returning is pssible. Abve all, n bth sides: Please d nt discunt extended leavers. We have a lt t ffer — if we are given the chance.
24．What can we learn abut the authr frm the first paragraph?
A．She chse t sacrifice her family fr her career.
B．Her path t PI began when she became a parent.
C．She struck a balance between wrk and family.
D．She had intended t stick t her academic plans.
25．What des the underlined wrd “daunting” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Realistic.B．Scary.C．Unlikely.D．Attractive.
26．What cntributed mst t her success accrding t the authr?
A．Supprtive wrk envirnment.B．Academic researches.
C．Invlvement in engaging prjects.D．Interest in the prjects.
27．What’s the authr’s purpse f writing the passage?
A．T analyze.B．T entertain.C．T prmte.D．T reprt.
【答案】24．D 25．B 26．A 27．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者讲述了自己成为父母后因为无法回到原来的工作岗位而感到困惑和担忧。然而，幸运的是，他们的研究主任为他提供了一份可以远程参与项目的合同，这成为了他职业生涯的转折点。经过几年的休假，作者感到自己已经准备好重新全职工作，最终找到了一份讲师职位。凭借着之前在离开期间的经验，回归工作并没有那么困难。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Befre I became a parent, I had assumed a baby wuld fit right int my academic plans. But nw, as the end f my leave apprached, I realized I culdn’t simply carry n as I always had. I was wrried this decisin might signal the end f my academic career-but I felt I had n ther chice.( 在我为人父母之前，我曾以为有个孩子正好符合我的学业计划。但现在，随着我的假期即将结束，我意识到我不能像往常一样简单地继续下去。我担心这个决定可能标志着我学术生涯的结束，但我觉得我别无选择。)”可知，作者之前认为孩子会完全适应她的学术计划，但现在她意识到不能像以前一样继续工作，因此她感到困惑和担忧即作者本来打算坚持自己的学业计划。故选D。
25．词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Then five years after stepping back frm academia, I felt ready t re-enter mre fully. Because I had been able t keep my hand in during my time away(在退出学术界五年后，我觉得自己已经准备好更全面地重返学术界。因为在我离开的这段时间里，我一直在工作)”可推知，此处指虽然作者退出了学术界，但是一直没有让自己对学术界生疏，一直在进行工作，让自己对学术界保持着熟悉的状态，因此前景远没有以前那么让作者害怕。故划线词与B选项“Scary.(害怕的)”为同义词。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But what truly made the difference fr me was the ffer f what I needed during that time away. I hpe mre institutins and PIs can cme up with creative prvisins fr thse in their wrkfrce wh dn’t want t give up their careers but want-r need-t take extended perids f leave.( 但真正对我产生影响的是在这段时间里我所需要的东西。我希望更多的机构和负责人能够为那些不想放弃自己的事业，但希望或需要延长休假时间的员工提供创造性的规定。)”可知，现在，6个月过去了，作者很高兴回到了一切的起点，在众多有趣的项目中参与其中，但最让其开心的是能够在那段时间离开时得到所需的帮助。因此作者认为最为重要的是支持性的工作环境。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But what truly made the difference fr me was the ffer f what I needed during that time away. I hpe mre institutins and PIs can cme up with creative prvisins fr thse in their wrkfrce wh dn’t want t give up their careers but want-r need-t take extended perids f leave. And t thse wh are taking such breaks, r cnsidering it, knw that returning is pssible. Abve all, n bth sides: Please d nt discunt extended leavers. We have a lt t ffer-if we are given the chance.(但真正对我产生影响的是在这段时间里我所需要的东西。我希望更多的机构和负责人能够为那些不想放弃自己的事业，但希望或需要延长休假时间的员工提供创造性的规定。对于那些正在休假或考虑休假的人，要知道，回来是可能的。最重要的是，双方:请不要轻视长期离职者。如果给我们机会，我们有很多东西可以提供。)”可知，从文章最后一段可以看出，作者希望通过自己的经历告诉人们，回归工作是可能的，并呼吁更多的机构和领导提供有创意的设施，不要轻易忽视那些休长期假期的人的能力和价值。因此，作者写这篇文章的目的是促进人们对于这个问题的关注和重视。故选C。
C
Researchers have lng knwn that the brain links kinds f new facts, related r nt, when they are learned abut the same time. Fr the first time, scientists have recrded rutes in the brain f that kind f cntextual memry, the frequent change f thughts and emtins that surrunds every piece f newly learned infrmatin.
The recrdings, taken frm the brains f peple awaiting surgery fr epilepsy (癫痫), suggest that new memries f even abstract facts are encded (编码) in a brain-cell rder that als cntains infrmatin abut what else was happening during and just befre the memry was frmed.
In the new study, dctrs frm the University f Pennsylvania and Vanderbilt University tk recrdings frm a small piece f metal implanted in the brains f 69 peple with severe epilepsy. The implants allw dctrs t pinpint the lcatin f the flash flds f brain activity that cause epileptic happening. The patients perfrmed a simple memry task. They watched a series f nuns appear n a cmputer screen, and after a brief disturbance recalled as many f the wrds as they culd, in any rder. Repeated trials, with different lists f wrds, shwed a predictable effect: The participants tended t remember the wrds in grups, beginning with ne and recalling thse that were just befre r after.
This pattern, which scientists call the cntiguity effect, is similar t what ften happens in the card game cncentratin, in which players try t identify pairs in a rw f cards lying face-dwn. Pairs verturned clse are ften remembered tgether. The way the prcess wrks, the researchers say, is smething like recnstructing a night’s activities after a hangver: remembering a fact (a brken table) recalls a scene (dancing), which in turn brings t mind mre facts, like the ther peple wh were there.
Sure enugh, the peple in the study whse neural (神经) updating signals were strngest shwed the mst striking pattern f remembering wrds in grups. “When yu activate ne memry, yu are reactivating a little bit f what was happening arund the time the memry was frmed, and this prcess is what gives yu that feeling f time travel,” said Dr Michael J. Kahana.
28．What des “cntextual memry” refer t accrding t the text?
A．Memries abut the past facts.
B．Unrelated facts linked tgether.
C．Ideas and feelings arund new facts.
D．New facts encded int brain alne.
29．What is the purpse f studying patients with epilepsy?
A．T track the brain activity f cntextual memry.
B．T find the brain activity causing epilepsy.
C．T shw the frmatin f memry.
D．T test the new cure fr epilepsy.
30．What d the underlined wrds “cntiguity” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Implicatin.B．Similarity.C．Cntrast.D．Neighbrhd.
31．What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A．The feature f the research methd.B．The categry f the research subjects.
C．A brief summary f the research prcess.D．A further explanatin f the research results.
【答案】28．C 29．A 30．D 31．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过对69名严重癫痫患者的研究表明，出现那种上下文记忆在大脑中的路径是因为邻接效应，具体讲述了研究过程。
28．词句猜测题。由第一段中“Fr the first time, scientists have recrded rutes in the brain f that kind f cntextual memry, the frequent change f thughts and emtins that surrunds every piece f newly learned infrmatin. (科学家们首次记录了这种上下文记忆在大脑中的路径，即围绕每一条新学习信息的思想和情绪的频繁变化)”可知，“cntextual memry”指的是围绕新事实的想法和感受。故选C项。
29．推理判断题。由第一段中“Fr the first time, scientists have recrded rutes in the brain f that kind f cntextual memry, the frequent change f thughts and emtins that surrunds every piece f newly learned infrmatin. (科学家们首次记录了这种上下文记忆在大脑中的路径，即围绕每一条新学习信息的思想和情绪的频繁变化)”，第二段“The recrdings, taken frm the brains f peple awaiting surgery fr epilepsy (癫痫), suggest that new memries f even abstract facts are encded (编码) in a brain-cell rder that als cntains infrmatin abut what else was happening during and just befre the memry was frmed. (这些记录取自等待癫痫手术的人的大脑，表明即使是抽象事实的新记忆也以脑细胞顺序编码，其中还包含关于记忆形成期间和之前发生的其他事情的信息)”和第三段中“The patients perfrmed a simple memry task. They watched a series f nuns appear n a cmputer screen, and after a brief disturbance recalled as many f the wrds as they culd, in any rder. (患者进行了一项简单的记忆任务。他们看着一系列名词出现在电脑屏幕上，在短暂的干扰后，他们以任何顺序回忆起尽可能多的单词)”可知，研究癫痫患者，让其进行一项简单的记忆任务（干扰后，以任何顺序回忆起尽可能多的单词），是为了记录了这种上下文记忆在大脑中的路径，换句话说是为了追踪上下文记忆的大脑活动。故选A项。
30．词句猜测题。由第三段中“The participants tended t remember the wrds in grups, beginning with ne and recalling thse that were just befre r after. (参与者倾向于分组记住单词，从一个单词开始，并回忆之前或之后的单词)”可知，在记忆时被实验者会回忆一个单词之前或之后的单词，即回忆临近的单词；再结合第四段中“This pattern, which scientists call the cntiguity effect, is similar t what ften happens in the card game cncentratin, in which players try t identify pairs in a rw f cards lying face-dwn. Pairs verturned clse are ften remembered tgether. (这种模式，科学家称之为cntiguity效应，类似于纸牌游戏集中时经常发生的情况，即玩家试图识别脸朝下的一排纸牌中的成对纸牌。翻得很近的一对纸牌经常被铭记在一起)”讲翻得很近的一对纸牌经常被铭记在一起，这也是表明离得近容易被记住，划线词意为“与某处临近的地方（Neighbrhd）”，可得出科学家称之为“邻接效应”。故选D项。
31．主旨大意题。由第五段“Sure enugh, the peple in the study whse neural (神经) updating signals were strngest shwed the mst striking pattern f remembering wrds in grups. “When yu activate ne memry, yu are reactivating a little bit f what was happening arund the time the memry was frmed, and this prcess is what gives yu that feeling f time travel,” said Dr Michael J. Kahana. (果不其然，研究中神经更新信号最强的人在群体中表现出最显著的单词记忆模式。Michael J. Kahana博士说：“当你激活一个记忆时，你就重新激活了记忆形成)”可知，第五段主要是对研究结果的进一步解释。故选D项。
D
Belw are several things that will have happened by the mid-pint f this century bth fr the gd and bad.
Right nw, peple are fcused n AI ptentially causing jb lsses but the reality culd be far wrse. Gerge Stakhv said, “By 2050, AI will have prfundly(深刻地) reshaped the wrld. There is a dark AI future where thse wh cntrl AI will gain huge pwer, while 99 percent f the ppulatin will be disenfranchised(剥夺权利) .The AI lrds will cntrl the wrld’s data and turn the rest f us int their serfs. The alternative is a bright AI scenari, where everyne benefits frm AI thrugh better healthcare, faster transprt and less pllutin.”
Futurist and frmer Ggle engineer Ray Kurzweil says that peple will merge with machines by 2025. In an event he describes as the “Singularity”, Kurzweil predicts that by 2045, peple will cnnect their brains t machines. “I have set a date fr the Singularity in 2045, which is when we will increase ur effective intelligence a billinfld by merging with the intelligence we have created.”
Alien-hunting astrnmer Seth Shstak bet fellw astrnmers that we shuld find aliens within tw dzen years. That means we culd be in cntact with ET by 2036. Shstak has since dubled dwn n his predictin, saying that newer measurements suggest there culd be billins f Earth-like wrlds. That means if the Earth is the nly place with life, it’s like a winner in a lttery where the dds are a billin t ne. That may be the strngest argument fr life in space.
Saring humidity (湿度) and heat will lead t heatwaves where it is almst impssible fr humans t survive utdrs in areas including Suth Asia, the Persian Gulf, and the Red Sea. By 2070, this will als be true in areas f Brazil and China. “Wet bulb” temperatures refer t cnditins where temperature and humidity are high, making it hard t survive utdrs. Humans can survive temperatures f up t 50℃ when humidity is lw, but in high humidity, humans cannt survive because there is n way t cl dwn by sweating. Even extremely strng and fit peple die within hurs. Large areas f the Earth might be uninhabitable.
32．What is the dark AI future accrding t Gerge Stakhv?
A．AI will hld pwer ver humans.
B．Humans will earn a basic lw wage.
C．Humans will have t serve as AI’s masters.
D．AI will becme the wner f the Earth.
33．What is Shstak’s attitude twards the existence f aliens?
A．Dubtful.B．Apprving.C．Cautius.D．Negative.
34．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Heatwaves ccur in mst areas in the wrld.
B．High humidity causes peple t sweat a lt.
C．Huge areas f the Earth might be uninhabitable.
D．Peple can’t live in lw humidity fr a lng time.
【答案】32．C 33．B 34．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了本世纪中叶将会发生的一些事情。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段第三四句“There is a dark AI future where thse wh cntrl AI will gain huge pwer, while 99 percent f the ppulatin will be disenfranchised.The AI lrds will cntrl the wrld’s data and turn the rest f us int their serfs.”（有一个黑暗的人工智能未来，那些控制人工智能的人将获得巨大的权力，而99%的人口将被剥夺公民权，人工智能领主将控制世界的数据，把我们其他人变成他们的奴隶。）说明Gerge Stakhv认为黑暗的人工智能未来指的是一部分人控制了人工智能，成为人工智能的主人，进而导致大部分人沦为少数人的奴隶。故选C项。
33．推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Alien-hunting astrnmer Seth Shstak bet fellw astrnmers that we shuld find aliens within tw dzen years.”（寻找外星人的天文学家Seth Shstak和其他天文学家打赌说，我们应该在24年内能内找到外星人。）可知，Shstak对外星生命的存在持赞成的态度。故选B项。
34．主旨大意题。根据最后一段前两句“Saring humidity and heat will lead t heatwaves where it is almst impssible fr humans t survive utdrs in areas including Suth Asia, the Persian Gulf, and the Red Sea. By 2070, this will als be true in areas f Brazil and China.”（急剧上升的湿度和热量将导致热浪，在南亚、波斯湾和红海等地区，人类几乎不可能在户外生存。到2070年，巴西和中国的部分地区也将如此。）及最后一句“Large areas f the Earth might be uninhabitable.”（地球上的大片地区可能不适合居住。）可知，本段通过介绍地球温度和湿度的变化来说明地球上的大片地区可能不适合居住。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
French parenting isn’t perfect, but there’s a lt we can learn frm this kind but n-nnsense style f parenting.
French children are allwed t handle difficult things themselves. 35 The early years are when they discver all the cl ways their new bdy wrks and hw t use it. T encurage this autnmy, French parents treat children mre like adults-in-training than helpless babies. They believe kids feel cnfident when they’re able t deal with things n their wn.
Fearful f hurting feelings, American parents tend t praise every child fr everything. 36 Hwever, all that praise eventually turns ut t be pintless. By cntrast, French adults give children apprpriate praise, thus allwing them t feel a true sense f achievement and take pride in what they learn.
Painful experiences are the best learning pprtunities and sheltering children frm this fact f life will merely delay their emtinal develpment. French dctrs never say “srry” when giving kids shts. The French believe underging hurts, is part f life and that there’s n reasn t aplgize fr that. 37
Plus, the expectatin f eye cntact and a plite hell starts frm the minute French children can say hell. They knw saying “hell” and gd manners are nn-negtiable. Teaching them abut that will benefit them fr a lifetime. 38 Be patient with little nes as they learn.
All the abve feels easier said than dne, especially as a tired parent facing an intlerable child. 39 Yur effrts will end up with children’s better behaviur verall.
A．They mean what they say.
B．This isn’t t say it’ll cme easily.
C．It might save tears in the shrt term.
D．They wish children t suffer smetimes.
E．Bearing a few blw-ups is wrthwhile, thugh.
F．Parents have t spare them such psychlgical discmfrt.
G．“Me d it!” is little kids’ favrite phrase and fr gd reasn.
【答案】35．G 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了法国的育儿方式。
35．由上文“French children are allwed t handle difficult things themselves. (法国儿童被允许自己处理困难的事情。)”和下文“The early years are when they discver all the cl ways their new bdy wrks and hw t use it. T encurage this autnmy, French parents treat children mre like adults-in-training than helpless babies. They believe kids feel cnfident when they’re able t deal with things n their wn. (在最初的几年里，他们发现了他们的新身体运作的所有很酷的方式以及如何使用它。为了鼓励这种自主性，法国父母对待孩子更像是在接受训练的成年人，而不是无助的婴儿。他们认为，当孩子们能够自己处理事情时，他们会感到自信。)”可知，法国孩子们愿意自己处理困难的事情，故G选项““Me d it!” is little kids’ favrite phrase and fr gd reasn. (“我做！”是小孩子们最喜欢的一句话，这是有充分理由的。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
36．由上文“Fearful f hurting feelings, American parents tend t praise every child fr everything. (由于害怕伤害孩子的感情，美国父母倾向于在任何事情上表扬每个孩子。)”可知，本空要说这种表扬的后果有关的话题，故C选项“It might save tears in the shrt term. (这可能在短期内挽救眼泪。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
37．由上文“Painful experiences are the best learning pprtunities and sheltering children frm this fact f life will merely delay their emtinal develpment. French dctrs never say “srry” when giving kids shts. The French believe underging hurts, is part f life and that there’s n reasn t aplgize fr that. (痛苦的经历是最好的学习机会，让孩子们逃避生活中的这一事实只会延迟他们的情感发展。法国医生在给孩子打针时从不说“对不起”。法国人认为，经历伤害是生活的一部分，没有理由为此道歉。)”可知，痛苦的经历是最好的学习机会，经历伤害是生活的一部分，所以他们希望孩子们有时受苦，故D选项“They wish children t suffer smetimes. (他们希望孩子们有时受苦。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
38．由上文“Plus, the expectatin f eye cntact and a plite hell starts frm the minute French children can say hell. They knw saying “hell” and gd manners are nn-negtiable. Teaching them abut that will benefit them fr a lifetime. (此外，从法国孩子会打招呼的那一刻起，他们就开始期待眼神交流和礼貌的问候。他们知道说“你好”和礼貌是不容置疑的。教会他们这些将使他们受益终生。)”和下文“Be patient with little nes as they learn. (在孩子学习的过程中对他们要有耐心。)”可知，教会他们这些并不容易，所以要有耐心，故B选项“This isn’t t say it’ll cme easily. (这并不是说它会来得容易。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。
39．由下文“Yur effrts will end up with children’s better behaviur verall. (你的努力最终会让孩子们表现得更好。)”可知，这些努力是值得的，故E选项“Bearing a few blw-ups is wrthwhile, thugh. (不过，承受几次发脾气是值得的。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Electric scter safety
If yu lk arund the streets f Lndn, yu’ll see the many methds peple use t mve arund. Whether it’s n a cmmute t wrk, a trip t the shps, r a sightseeing excursin, there are peple n buses, the Tube, cars, mtrbikes, bicycles and even rller skates. The rads are already cngested (jammed); and nw there’s a new additin: electric, r “e-scters”.
This traditinal children’s vehicle has becme mre sphisticated ver the years. And nw, with the additin f a small electric mtr, it’s becme a cheap and easy mde f transprt. Scting arund twn can be fun and desn’t invlve much effrt, s it’s n wnder they’re becming increasingly ppular in cities arund the wrld. But fllwing what’s believed t be the first fatal accident invlving an electric scter in the UK, questins are being asked abut their safety and whether traffic laws shuld be changed.
Sme scter riders have been seen n pavements; thers n the rad jumping red traffic lights, adding t the frustratin f mtrists stuck in jams. In the UK, the law states that riding ne n the public highway r pavement is frbidden. Riders currently face a £300 fixed-penalty ntice and six pints n their driving licence fr ding s. But, despite this, it seems the increasing ppularity f e-scters means they can be seen everywhere. And nw users are calling n regulatins t be changed.
The UK gvernment is lking at hw safely they can be used n the rad and is ‘reviewing’ the law. But its transprt minister, Michael Ellis, has tld the BBC that: “Micrmbility prducts are appearing in cuntries acrss the glbe and are an exciting innvatin fr which we knw there is demand. Hwever, safety must always be ur tp pririty when cnsidering their use n public highways in this cuntry.”
There’s n dubt there are dangers in riding a tw-wheeled scter. Despite the fact that sme f them can exceed 30mph, they smetimes nly have ne brake and n lights. They als becme unstable if the rider hits a pthle, and hwever cnfident the rider may be, larger vehicles n the rad make them vulnerable (easy t be hurt). S it seems mre wrk needs t be dne t give e-scters a safe and legal space t travel in.
40．What is it that makes an e-scter easy t ride?
41．Why are mtrists annyed by thse e-scter riders?
42．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement. Then underline it and explain why.
T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut where e-scters can be used.
43．D yu think e-scters shuld be allwed n public rads? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)
【答案】40．A cheap and easy mde f transprt as well as fun and invlving less effrt. 41．Because scter riders break the law. 42．T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut where e-scters can be used. Accrding t the passage, T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut safety. 43．Yes, I d. Because I think it is cnvenient, cheap, effrtless and time-saving. Hwever, scter riders shuld have the awareness f safety and the relative laws shuld be stricter.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了英国电动踏板车带来便利的同时，也引起了安全问题。
40．细节理解题。根据第二段第二三句“And nw, with the additin f a small electric mtr, it’s becme a cheap and easy mde f transprt. Scting arund twn can be fun and desn’t invlve much effrt, s it’s n wnder they’re becming increasingly ppular in cities arund the wrld. (现在，加上一个小型电动机，它就变成了一种便宜又方便的交通方式。在城市里骑电动踏板车既有趣又不费力，难怪它们在世界各地的城市越来越受欢迎。)”可知，电动踏板车骑起来容易广受欢迎是因为它便宜又方便，有趣又不费力。故答案为： A cheap and easy mde f transprt as well as fun and invlving less effrt.
41．细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Sme scter riders have been seen n pavements; thers n the rad jumping red traffic lights, adding t the frustratin f mtrists stuck in jams. In the UK, the law states that riding ne n the public highway r pavement is frbidden. (有人在人行道上看到骑电动踏板车的人；还有一些电动踏板车的人在路上闯红灯，这增加了被堵在路上的司机的挫败感。在英国，法律规定禁止在公共高速公路或人行道上骑车。)”可知，在英国，法律规定禁止在公共高速公路或人行道上骑车，所以，当司机看到他们在人行道上或者闯红灯时，司机们就会恼火。故答案为：Because scter riders break the law.
42．细节理解题。根据第四段首句“The UK gvernment is lking at hw safely they can be used n the rad and is ‘reviewing’ the law. (英国政府正在研究电动踏板车在道路上的安全性，并正在“审查”相关法律。)”以及末句“Hwever, safety must always be ur tp pririty when cnsidering their use n public highways in this cuntry. (然而，当我们考虑在这个国家的公共公路上使用它们时，安全必须始终是我们的首要任务。)”可知，英国政府认为安全必须始终是首要任务。故答案为：T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut where e-scters can be used. Accrding t the passage, T answer the call f e-scter users, the UK gvernment is preparing t change the law abut safety.
43．开放性试题。本题答案不唯一，结合实际情况言之有理即可。例如，可以认为电动踏板车应该被允许在路上。因为它方便便宜，而且能够节约时间，但是骑车人要有安全意识，而且相关法律也应更完善。Yes, I d. Because I think it is cnvenient, cheap, effrtless and time-saving. Hwever, scter riders shuld have the awareness f safety and the relative laws shuld be stricter.
第二节(20分)
44．你校将以“我做过的一份兼职”为题，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1. 简述这份兼职；
2. 你的收获。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文的题目已为你写好。
A part-time jb I have dne
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
A part-time jb I have dne
This summer, I wrked as a Chinese tutr fr an American by in the seventh grade.
It’s a challenging jb. The first prblem I had t slve was hw t imprve his learning enthusiasm. I used pictures, stries and prizes t stimulate his interest, which turned ut t wrk. The secnd challenge was t imprve his pr listening. I fund sme interesting Chinese cartns and watched them with him fr 30 minutes every day. After a mnth. he was able t understand mst f the speech in the cartns.
It’s a jy t see my wn effrts fruitful. I’ve als learnt that being a gd teacher requires a sense f humr and teaching skills besides knwledge.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你校将以“我做过的一份兼职”为题，举办英语征文比赛，写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
解决：slve → deal with
提高，增强：imprve → enhance
能够做某事：be able t d sth. → be capable f ding sth.
开心：jy → pleasure
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I fund sme interesting Chinese cartns and watched them with him fr 30 minutes every day.
拓展句：Because I fund sme interesting Chinese cartns, I watched them with him fr 30 minutes every day.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I used pictures, stries and prizes t stimulate his interest, which turned ut t wrk. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】I’ve als learnt that being a gd teacher requires a sense f humr and teaching skills besides knwledge. (运用了that引导的宾语从句以及动名词作主语)
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