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山东省菏泽市鄄城县第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份山东省菏泽市鄄城县第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含山东省菏泽市鄄城县第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题原卷版docx、山东省菏泽市鄄城县第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共29页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Bks f 2020
On Mnday, the American Library Assciatin annunced the tp children’s bks f 2020. Here are the winners.
Devtin
Authr Clare Vanderpl tk hme the Jhn Newbery Medal fr utstanding cntributin t children’s literature fr Mn ver Manifest. The bk is abut a yung girl’s magical adventures in a small Kansas twn, in 1936.
Vanderpl said that she was shcked t learn that she had wn. “Yu grw up reading legendary authrs like Madeleine L’Engle, but I never expected t be put in a categry with her,” Vanderpl tld TFK, “It’s fabulus”.
Picture This
The picture bk A Sick Day fr Ams McGee wn the Randlph Caldectt Medal. The bk was illustrated by Ein E. Stead and written by her husband, Philip C. Stead. It tells the stry f an elderly zkeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s nt well enugh t g t wrk.
“I lve drawing animals and I lve drawing peple and I lve drawing the emtinal cnnectin between animals and peple,” said Stead.
Mre Hnred Bks
The Cretta Sctt King award, given t an African-American authr and illustratr f “utstanding bks fr children and yung adults”, went t Rita Williams-Garcia fr One Crazy Summer. Set in 1968, the nvel fllws three sisters frm Brklyn, New Yrk, wh visit their mther, a pet wh ran away years ag and lives in Califrnia, and later learn much abut family, their cuntry and themselves.
The king prize fr best-illustrated wrk went t Dave the Ptter: Artist, Pet, Slave. The bk, which was written by Laban Carrick Hill and illustrated by Bryan Cllier, tells the stry f a skilled ptter wh engraved his pems n the clay pts and jars that he made. The enslaved ptter, knwn nly as Dave, lived in Suth Carlina in the 1800s.
1. When she heard the news that she wn the medal Vanderpl felt .
A. depressedB. annyedC. amusedD. astnished
2. We can infer frm the passage that prbably One Crazy Summer is mainly abut .
A. a frighting experienceB. children’s grwth
C. an adventurus jurneyD. scial prblems
3. Frm the passage, we can infer that .
A. The bk Mn ver Manifest tells a stry f a zkeeper and his animals.
B. The bk A Sick Day fr Ams McGee is written by Erin, a famus wman writer.
C. A Sick Day fr Ams McGee shws us that animals can interact with humans.
D. One Cray Summer is abut a mther with her three children having a hliday in Califrnia.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了美国2020年最畅销的儿童图书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Devtin中的“Vanderpl said that she was shcked t learn that she had wn.(Vanderpl说，得知自己获奖时她很震惊。)”可知，当Vanderpl听到她获得奖牌的消息时，她很吃惊。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Mre Hnred Bks中的“The Cretta Sctt King award, given t an African-American authr and illustratr f ‘utstanding bks fr children and yung adults’, went t Rita Williams-Garcia fr One Crazy Summer. Set in 1968, the nvel fllws three sisters frm Brklyn, New Yrk, wh visit their mther, a pet wh ran away years ag and lives in Califrnia, and later learn much abut family, their cuntry and themselves.(科雷塔·斯科特·金（Cretta Sctt King）奖颁给了一位非裔美国作家和插画家，她为儿童和年轻人写了杰出的书，丽塔·威廉姆斯·加西亚（Rita Williams Garcia）的《一个疯狂的夏天》（One Crazy Summer）。小说以1968年为背景，讲述了来自纽约布鲁克林的三姐妹去看望多年前离家出走住在加利福尼亚州的诗人母亲，后来了解了很多关于家庭、国家和自己的事情。)”可知，One Crazy Summer是讲述一个三姐妹去找到离家的母亲，从而更多了解到自己和家庭的青少年成长方面的故事。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Picture This中的“It tells the stry f an elderly zkeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s nt well enugh t g t wrk.(它讲述了一位年老的动物园管理员和在他身体不太好不能上班时来看望他的动物的故事。)”可知，A Sick Day fr Ams McGee向我们展示了动物可以与人类互动。故选C项。
B
Zheng Qinwen annunced herself as a majr new frce in wmen’s tennis with an imprtant French Open debut(首秀) last mnth. Nw the Chinese teenager hpes the fighting spirit she shwed at the Grand Slam (大满贯) turnament can encurage kids starting ut in the sprt t chase their dreams n the curt with the same determinatin.
“If tennis is yur dream, I think yu always have t fight fr yur dream. Because we nly have ne life, yu shuldn’t have any regrets,” Zheng said last week in an interview.
The 19-year-ld shwed she pssesses the talent t be a cntender at the very tp level f tennis with a breakut campaign at French Open.
Accunting fr tw-time Grand Slam winner Simna Halep alng the way, Zheng’s jurney was ended in the furth rund by a three-set defeat t eventual champin Iga Swiatek. Zheng, thugh, gave the Plish wrld N. 1 a big scare, battling back frm 3-0 dwn in the first set t frce and win a tiebreak(平分决胜局).
“That was the first time I had played against the wrld N.1, s I really wanted t grab this chance s I culd judge her level and test myself,” said Zheng. “I didn’t want t give her the match s easy like that. It was pretty difficult fr me t hld n in that match because f what my bdy was ging thrugh, but I wanted t shw her I’m nt easily beaten.”
Lking back at Zheng Qinwen’s perfrmances in this year’s French Open, there’s n dubt that she’s a true fighter. Zheng says she avids being discuraged by higher-ranked ppnents by simply fcusing n the next pint, ne sht at a time. Supprted by her team, she hpes she can ne day win a Grand Slam title.
Zheng’s impressive French Open run has inevitably(不可避免地) led t cmparisns with China’s slitary Grand Slam singles champin Li Na, wh wn the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.
“When I was a kid, Li Na shwed that Asian peple als can d smething really gd in tennis. She was the first ne. I will just fcus n my wn game and then let’s see if I can really cmpete at the highest level,” said Zheng.
4. What des the underlined wrd “cntender” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. CmpetitrB. Annuncer.C. Campaigner.D. Designer.
5. What is the result f the match between Zheng and Iga Swiatek?
A. Iga Swiatek beat Zheng easily.
B. Zheng lst t Iga Swiatek at last.
C. Zheng wn the match despite her pain.
D. Iga Swiatek lst because f her mistakes.
6. Why is Li Na mentined in paragraph 7?
A. T shw hw excellent Zheng Qinwen is.
B. T prve failure is the mther f success.
C. T explain why Li Na has achieved a lt.
D. T cmpare the difference between Zheng Qinwen and Li Na.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Zheng Qinwen?
A. Optimistic and generusB. Adventurus and realistic.
C. Independent and helpfulD. Struggling and determined.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了19岁的网球选手郑钦文在法网公开赛中取得了不俗的成绩，表明了自己是女子网球的重要新生力量。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“The 19-year-ld shwed she pssesses the talent t be a cntender at the very tp level f tennis with a breakut campaign at French Open.(这位19岁的女孩在法网公开赛上展示了她有成为一名顶级网球cntender的天赋。)”和第一段中“Zheng Qinwen annunced herself as a majr new frce in wmen’s tennis with an imprtant French Open debut(首秀) last mnth.(上个月，郑钦文在法网公开赛上首次亮相，宣布自己是女子网球的重要新生力量。)”可知，郑钦文在法网公开赛首次亮相证明了自己的实力，这说明她有成为顶级网球选手的天赋，由此可知，划线单词cntender意为“选手”，与cmpetitr(选手)意思一样，故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Zheng’s jurney was ended in the furth rund by a three-set defeat t eventual champin Iga Swiatek.(郑的征程在第四轮以三盘败给最终的冠军Iga Swiatek而告终。)”可知，最终郑钦文输给了Iga Swiatek，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“Zheng’s impressive French Open run has inevitably(不可避免地) led t cmparisns with China’s slitary Grand Slam singles champin Li Na, wh wn the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.( 郑令人印象深刻的法网表现，不可避免地让人们将她与中国单打大满贯冠军李娜相提并论。李娜赢得了2011年法网和2014年澳网的冠军。)”可知，李娜是很优秀的网球运动员，郑钦文的出色表现让人们将她与李娜相提并论。由此可推知，第七段提及李娜是为了表明郑钦文在网球方面也很优秀，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““If tennis is yur dream, I think yu always have t fight fr yur dream. Because we nly have ne life, yu shuldn’t have any regrets,” Zheng said last week in an interview.( “如果网球是你的梦想，我认为你必须为你的梦想而奋斗。因为我们只有一次生命，你不应该有任何遗憾，”郑在上周的一次采访中说。)”可知，郑钦文为了自己的梦想很努力。根据第五段中“I didn’t want t give her the match s easy like that. It was pretty difficult fr me t hld n in that match because f what my bdy was ging thrugh, but I wanted t shw her I’m nt easily beaten(我不想这么让她那么容易地赢得比赛。对于我来说，在那场比赛中坚持下来是很困难的，这是因为我的身体状况，但是我想让她知道我不是那么容易被打败的)”可知，郑钦文很有决心，由此可知，郑钦文是一个努力且有决心的人，故选D。
C
Human innvatin (创新) has allwed peple t explre space fr decades. Within a space statin, astrnauts have enugh air, fd and water t cmplete missins f a year r lnger withut a resupply. But missins t further reaches f space are a different matter. Establishing a base n the mn r sending humans t Mars seems just n the hrizn. That can nly happen if innvative and flprf ways are develped t supply humans with enugh air, water and fd.
One cmpany, Interstellar Labs, has develped an advanced, clsed lp system that can grw plants anywhere, even in space. They call their AI managed greenhuses BiPds and they are designed t be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BiPds reduce the amunt f land and water needed t prduce fd by 99 percent. That is nt an impssible claim. BiPds dn’t use any sil t grw plants, and the vast majrity f water is recycled and recirculated.
Plants are grwn inside BiPds using aerpnics, the practice f hanging plants in the air and spraying a mist f nutrient-rich water n their rts. By using aerpnics, the BiPd system carefully cnserves water with amazing results. Accrding t Interstellar labs, BiPd-grwn plants are up t 300 times mre prductive than traditinally grwn plants, using nly a small amunt f water.
The cnditins inside f a BiPd are cntrlled by AI, which can change anything frm the lighting t the temperature and humidity t maximize grwth. This ptimizes (使最优化) grwing cnditins n matter what the envirnment is utside, including the emptiness f space.
The BiPds themselves can be built in almst any envirnment, t. The pd’s structure is made with a 3D printer using raw materials in liquid frm. The inside part is sealed with an inflatable membrane (充气膜) that is als 3D-printed. This means that a BiPd culd be built right n the surface f the mn r Mars, making transprting a large structure unnecessary.
Like mst technlgy develped fr space explratin, BiPds can als be used n Earth t prvide highly efficient fd prductin systems even in the harshest envirnments.
8. In writing paragraph 1, the authr aims t____________.
A. present a tpicB. make a cmparisn
C. reach a cnclusinD. prpse a definitin
9. Which f the fllwing best describes Bipds?
A. They are widely used fr space explratin.
B. They are highly prductive and efficient greenhuses.
C. They are easy t perate withut need fr sil r water.
D. They are deigned t be used in harsh envirnments n Earth.
10. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Fd Cnsumptin in Space StatinB. Space Explratin with BiPds
C. Grwing Fd in Space PdsD. 3D Printers Used in Space Lab
11. What is the writer’s attitude t the BiPd?
A. Psitive.B. Cautius.C. Ambiguus.D. Disapprving.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家公司开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在太空舱里种植植物，为宇航员提供食物。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“That can nly happen if innvative and flprf ways are develped t supply humans with enugh air, water and fd.(只有开发出创新和可靠的方法，为人类提供足够的空气、水和食物，这才有可能实现)”及下文“可以在太空舱里种植植物的先进闭环系统”的内容可推断，作者写作第一段是为了引出在太空舱里可以种植食物的方法这一主题。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They call their AI managed greenhuses BiPds and they are designed t be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BiPds reduce the amunt f land and water needed t prduce fd by 99 percent. (他们称他们的人工智能管理温室为BiPds，它们的设计非常高效。事实上，星际实验室声称，BiPds可以将生产食物所需的土地和水的数量减少99%)”和第三段“Accrding t Interstellar labs, BiPd-grwn plants are up t 300 times mre prductive than traditinally grwn plants, using nly a small amunt f water.(根据星际实验室的数据，BiPd种植的植物比传统种植的植物产量高300倍，只需少量的水)”可知，BiPds是高产和高效的温室。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“One cmpany, Interstellar Labs, has develped an advanced, clsed lp system that can grw plants anywhere, even in space.(一家公司，星际实验室开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在任何地方种植植物，甚至在太空中)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一家公司开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在太空舱里种植植物，为宇航员提供食物。所以“Grwing Fd in Space Pds(在太空舱里种植食物)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“By using aerpnics, the BiPd system carefully cnserves water with amazing results. Accrding t Interstellar labs, BiPd-grwn plants are up t 300 times mre prductive than traditinally grwn plants, using nly a small amunt f water. (通过使用空气种植法，BiPd系统谨慎地节约用水，取得了惊人的效果。根据星际穿实验室的说法，BiPd种植的植物比传统种植的植物产量高300倍，只需要少量的水)”、第四段“The cnditins inside f a BiPd are cntrlled by AI, which can change anything frm the lighting t the temperature and humidity t maximize grwth. This ptimizes grwing cnditins n matter what the envirnment is utside, including the emptiness f space. (BiPd内部的条件是由人工智能控制的，它可以改变从照明到温度和湿度的任何东西，以最大限度地提高生长。这优化了生长条件，无论外部环境如何，包括空间的空旷)”、第五段“The BiPds themselves can be built in almst any envirnment, t.(这种BiPds本身也几乎可以在任何环境下建造)”和最后一段“Like mst technlgy develped fr space explratin, BiPds can als be used n Earth t prvide highly efficient fd prductin systems even in the harshest envirnments.(像大多数为太空探索而开发的技术一样，在地球上，即使在最恶劣的环境中，BiPds也可以用来提供高效的食物生产系统)”可推断，作者认为BiPd有许多优点，所以对BiPd的态度是积极的。故选A。
D
Small talk has a reputatin fr being uninteresting, and fr gd reasn. Pinting ut the fact that it’s raining seems as ridiculus as pinting ut the fact that yu have a head—yu’re fully aware f bth things, and dn’t require an utsider t cnfirm them. But despite being evident and ften painfully dull, small talk has an imprtant rle t play, enabling us t vercme scial bstacles twards imprved , meaningful interactin (互动).
Humans can be sensitive suls. We each have ur bundaries and lists f ptential upsets, which when brken, cause us t either gently back away t an alternative psitin in the rm, r becme crss at the persn. Small talk is first a way t test the waters with an unfamiliar persn, s that yu may better understand their character. When finding yurself psitined clsely t a persn wh yu knw little abut, it’s much safer t pint ut the rainy sky than t share yur plitical views n a sensitive tpic. Until yu knw the persn better, heavier tpics shuld prbably be kept under wraps, s yu wn’t find yurself n the receiving end f a cld stare.
Thugh insignificant, small talk still has great pwer. When talking with fellw humans, much f ur sul is expsed thrugh nn-verbal cmmunicatin. A respnse t “hw was yur weekend” can unveil much abut the persn’s character. The length f their respnse might indicate their level f self-cnfidence; the tne f speaking might shw hw agreeable a persn is; their slightly lwered head, as if prtecting themselves frm attack, a pssible sign f a regrettable histry f bullying.
As mre f a persn’s character is revealed, we have the insight needed t determine whether t brach mre significant tpics—the things that we actually want t talk abut. Cnversatin is a great educatr, and deep cnversatins establish lasting bnds with thers, frming precius friendships that paint ur lives with vibrant clrs. Such friendships begin with small talk.
12. What is described in the first paragraph?
A. The first stage f human interactin.
B. The difficulty f having deep cnversatins.
C. Absence f cmmunicatin between strangers.
D Ridiculus human behavir in cmmunicatin.
13. Why d peple find themselves “n the receiving end f a cld stare”?
A. Because they are enthusiastic abut plitics.
B. Because they are t sensitive abut tpics.
C. Because they fail t manage interpersnal distance.
D. Because they cme up with sme uninteresting tpics.
14. What might be a sign f friendliness accrding t paragraph 3?
A. The length f the answer.B. The quality f the vice.
C. The psitin f the head.D. The distance between speakers.
15. What might be the best title fr the text?
A. Reputatin f Small TalkB. Ways f Understanding thers
C. Significance f Small TalkD. Challenges f Deep Cnversatin
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在日常生活中，闲聊虽然是明显、枯燥、微不足道的事，但却起着重要作用。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Small talk has a reputatin fr being uninteresting, and fr gd reasn. Pinting ut the fact that it’s raining seems as ridiculus as pinting ut the fact that yu have a head—yu’re fully aware f bth things, and dn’t require an utsider t cnfirm them. But despite being evident and ften painfully dull, small talk has an imprtant rle t play, enabling us t vercme scial bstacles twards imprved , meaningful interactin (互动).(闲聊以无趣而著称，这是有充分理由的。指出正在下雨的事实似乎和指出你有头脑的事实一样荒谬，你完全知道这两件事，不需要外人来证实。但是，尽管闲聊很明显，而且常常令人痛苦地枯燥乏味，但它可以发挥重要作用，使我们能够克服社会障碍，改善有意义的互动。)”可知，这一段主要是在介绍闲聊，虽然闲聊枯燥无趣，却能帮助人们克服社交障碍，进行更深入且有意义的互动，所以A选项“闲聊是人类互动的第一个阶段。”能很好地概括该段内容。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When finding yurself psitined clsely t a persn wh yu knw little abut, it’s much safer t pint ut the rainy sky than t share yur plitical views n a sensitive tpic. Until yu knw the persn better, heavier tpics shuld prbably be kept under wraps, s yu wn’t find yurself n the receiving end f a cld stare.(当你发现自己和一个你几乎不了解的人的位置很近时，谈论下雨的天空比分享你在一个敏感话题上的政治观点要安全得多。在你更了解对方之前，较沉重的话题应该保密，这样你就不会发现自己受到冷眼。)”可知，在跟一个不是很了解的人很近时，不要谈论沉重的话题，否则会遭受冷眼，所以如果人们发现自己受到了冷眼，说明他们没有管理好人际距离。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The length f their respnse might indicate their level f self-cnfidence; the tne f speaking might shw hw agreeable a persn is; their slightly lwered head, as if prtecting themselves frm attack, a pssible sign f a regrettable histry f bullying.(他们反应的长度可能表明他们的自信心水平；说话的语气可能表明一个人是多么和蔼可亲；他们微微低下头，似乎在保护自己免受攻击，这可能是一段令人遗憾的欺凌历史的迹象)”可知，说话的语气可能是友好的标志。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“But despite being evident and ften painfully dull, small talk has an imprtant rle t play, enabling us t vercme scial bstacles twards imprved, meaningful interactin (互动).(但是，尽管闲聊很明显，而且常常令人非常枯燥，但它仍然扮演着重要的角色，使我们能够克服社交障碍，朝着改善的，有意义的互动发展。)”及最后一段“Cnversatin is a great educatr, and deep cnversatins establish lasting bnds with thers, frming precius friendships that paint ur lives with vibrant clrs. Such friendships begin with small talk.(交谈是伟大的教育家，深刻的交谈建立起与他人的持久联系，形成宝贵的友谊，为我们的生活涂上鲜艳的色彩。这样的友谊始于闲聊。)”可知，文章主要介绍了闲聊的重要作用，可以让人们克服社交障碍，帮助人们发展友谊，为人们的生活增添色彩。所以C选项“闲聊的重要性”可以很好地概括文章内容，适合作为文章的标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life can be challenging fr teens. They must deal with schlwrk, family life and friends at the same time t fit. Feelings f sadness, frustratin and irritability are cmmn. ____16____ Their negative feelings dn’t cme and g. Instead. thse intense feelings can pint t a disease called depressin—ne that may require treatment.
It’s easy t think that depressed peple simply feel sad r hpeless. Fr many teens that may be true. ____17____ Sme kids withdraw frm friends and family. Others respnd with angry utbursts. Sme teens may skip schl r stp eating r sleeping. Teachers, parents r even a teen’s clse friends may find it hard t tell whether these behavirs are just part f being a teens r signs f smething truly serius.
Even depressed teens may nt realize they have this prblem. ____18____ Mre than three millin Americans between the ages f 12 and 17 experienced depressin in 2019. Hwever, a study by researchers at Harvard and Yale universities fund that half f all teens with depressin dn’t get help until they becme adults. And nly ne in three will have been diagnsed by their dctr.
____19____ “I can nly wrk with what yu give me,” Dee says, the mental-health prfessinal in Lincln, Neb.
Dee says, peers shuld als seek fr signs f depressin. Keep an eye n yur friends, she recmmends. Watch fr symptms f islatin (孤立) r hpelessness. ____20____ Any f these behavirs culd be a symptm f depressin.
Overall, knwing wh and hw t help is essential fr successfully treating depressin in teens.
A. The prblem is that depressin in teens can be hard t spt.
B. Sme may turn t their friends t get rid f alchl r drugs.
C. Even skipping classes can be a sign that smething serius is ging n.
D. And the share f thse affected is high.
E. But fr sme teens, thse emtins take a mre extreme turn.
F. There is a link between mental illness and suicide in teens.
G. Teens shuld be hnest with their answers.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青少年患抑郁症的现象。青少年患抑郁症的情况越来越严重。但是，问题在于发现抑郁症很难，甚至连青少年本人都没有意识到自己的问题。专家提出，家长、老师、同龄人和青少年本人都要关注青少年抑郁的问题。
【16题详解】
前文“ Feelings f sadness, frustratin and irritability are cmmn. (悲伤、沮丧和易怒的情绪是很常见的)”强调负面情绪是普遍的，后文“Their negative feelings dn’t cme and g. Instead. thse intense feelings can pint t a disease called depressin—ne that may require treatment. (他们的消极情绪不会来来去去。相反，这些强烈的感觉可能导致一种叫做抑郁症的疾病——这种疾病可能需要治疗)”强调这些负面情绪会导致抑郁症，前后语义呈转折关系，所以E选项“But fr sme teens, thse emtins take a mre extreme turn. (但对一些青少年来说，这些情绪发生了更极端的转变)”符合题意，后文中提到的“depressin”是消极情绪极端化的体现。故答案为E。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Teachers, parents r even a teen’s clse friends may find it hard t tell whether these behavirs are just part f being a teens r signs f smething truly serius.(老师、家长甚至是青少年的密友可能很难判断这些行为是青少年的一部分，还是一些真正严重的迹象)”可知，身边的人很难判断出某些行为到底是不是抑郁症的症状，所以A选项“The prblem is that depressin in teens can be hard t spt. (问题是青少年的抑郁症很难被发现)”符合题意，选项中的“hard t spt”呼应后文的“hard t tell”。故答案为A。
【18题详解】
后文“Mre than three millin Americans between the ages f 12 and 17 experienced depressin in 2019. (2019年，超过300万12岁至17岁的美国人经历过抑郁症)”用具体的数字来表明患有抑郁症的人数非常多，所以D选项“And the share f thse affected is high. (而且受影响的比例很高)”符合语境，先强调比例高，在用具体的数字进一步解释。故答案为D。
19题详解】
根据后文精神健康专家Dee说的话“I can nly wrk with what yu give me (我只会根据患者告诉我的情况开展工作)”可知，G选项“Teens shuld be hnest with their answers. (青少年应该对自己的问题做出诚实的回答)”选项符合题意，只有青少年诚实回答问题，专家才能有针对性的去解决问题。故答案为G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Dee says, peers shuld als seek fr signs f depressin. Keep an eye n yur friends, she recmmends. Watch fr symptms f islatin (孤立) r hpelessness. (Dee说，同龄人也应该寻找抑郁症的迹象。她建议多留意你的朋友。注意孤立或绝望的症状)”可知，专家建议身边的同龄人要密切关注抑郁症的迹象，后文“ Any f these behavirs culd be a symptm f depressin. (这些行为都可能是抑郁症的症状)”中的关键词“these behavirs”说明该空会描述一些抑郁症的行为。C选项“Even skipping classes can be a sign that smething serius is ging n. (甚至逃课也可能是有严重问题发生的信号)”中的“skipping classes”就是具体的抑郁症行为，选项中的“Even”与空前的“symptms f islatin (孤立) r hpelessness”构成递进关系。故答案为C。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When an infectius disease brke ut and supermarket shelves were ____21____, Daniel and Nancy decided they n lnger wanted t ____22____ thers fr fd. The cuple decided t start a year-lng ____23____ where they wuldn’t buy a single thing t eat. ____24____, they wuld grw, raise r catch everything.
Daniel said, “It is smething that we have wanted t d. When the disease ____25____, it gave us that extra ____26____. At that time we were bth ____27____, and that gave us even mre mtivatin t see if we culd ____28____ urselves.” The pair built a huse fr chickens and ducks and studied nline abut where they wuld get all the things they needed. Daniel adds, “We had t learn s many new things like hw t grw mushrms and ____29____ salt frm the cean.”
“Nw after five mnths, they bth feel well but Daniel ____30____ the first few weeks were difficult as their bdies adjusted t ____31____ cffee, wine and sugar all n the same day,” he says. “After three weeks ur desires fr them ____32____ and nw we feel great.” Nw February has cme t a(n) ____33____. As they survive winter, they feel ____34____ abut cntinuing with this way f living, with their challenge ____35____ ending in August.
21. A. dustyB. firmC. emptyD. full
22. A. lk frB. cme acrssC. fall behindD. rely n
23. A. challengeB. charityC. cnstructinD. research
24. A. NeverthelessB. InsteadC. TherefreD. Besides
25. A. wentB. drppedC. failedD. hit
26. A. burdenB. pushC. debtD. excuse
27. A. unemplyedB. uncncernedC. ccupiedD. cnfused
28. A. guaranteeB. prtectC. feedD. cntrl
29. A. supplyB. saveC. inventD. harvest
30. A. arguesB. admitsC. dubtsD. denies
31. A. quittingB. demandingC. changingD. cnsuming
32. A. returnedB. reducedC. existedD. dubled
33. A. headB. stpC. endD. pint
34. A. psitiveB. hesitantC. regretfulD. bred
35. A. rarelyB. instantlyC. merelyD. fficially
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是当面对在超市无法购买到食物的困境时，Daniel和Nancy这对夫妇决定自己制作食物，挑战一年不购买东西吃。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. dusty布满灰尘的；B. firm坚固的；C. empty空的；D. full满的。由上文的“When an infectius disease brke ut”及常识可知，传染病爆发时超市的食物被抢购一空。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. lk fr寻找；B. cme acrss偶遇；C. fall behind落后；D. rely n依靠。由后文的“they wuldn’t buy a single thing t eat”可知，他们决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇决定开始一项为期一年的挑战，他们不买任何东西吃。A.challenge挑战；B. charity慈善；C. cnstructin建设；D. research研究。由后文的“where they wuldn’t buy a single thing t eat”可知，不买任何东西吃，这对他们来说当然是一种挑战。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会种植、饲养或捕捉一切。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Instead相反；C. Therefre因此；D. Besides另外。根据上文“The cuple decided t start a year-lng 3 where they wuldn’t buy a single thing t eat.”和下文“they wuld grw, raise r catch everything.”可知，上下文是相反的做法。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. went去；B. drpped下降；C. failed失败；D. hit袭击。根据第一段的“When an infectius disease brke ut”可知，此处表示疾病来袭，空格处是“袭击”。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. burden负担；B.push推动力 ；C.debt债务；D. excuse借口。由后文的“gave us even mre mtivatin”可知，疾病来袭给了他们额外的动力。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A.unemplyed失业的；B. uncncerned不关心的；C. ccupied忙于……的；D. cnfused困惑的 。根据第一段的“When an infectius disease brke ut”可知，传染病爆发，两个人都失业了。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A. guarantee保证；B. prtect保护；C. feed喂养，养活；D. cntrl控制。由上文的“they wuldn’t buy a single thing t eat. 4 , they wuld grw, raise r catch everything”可知，他们失业了，他们想看看自己是否能养活自己。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须学习很多新东西，比如如何种植蘑菇和从海洋中收集盐。A. supply供应；B. save救；C. invent发明；D. harvest收集，收获。由后文的“salt frm the cean”可知，是从海里收集盐。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体要适应在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A. argues争论；B. admits承认；C. dubts怀疑；D. denies否认。由后文的“the first few weeks were difficult”可知，丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体要适应在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A.quitting戒除 ；B. demanding要求；C. changing改变；D. cnsuming消耗。由后文的“cffee, wine and sugar”可知，这些东西是他们生产不出来的，所以得戒掉。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：三周后，我们对它们的需求降低了，现在我们感觉很好。A. returned回来 ；B. reduced降低；C. existed存在；D. dubled加倍。由上文的“their bdies adjusted t 11 cffee, wine and sugar”以及下文“nw we feel great”可知，他们要习惯戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖，现在感觉很好了，由此可知，他们对这些东西的需求降低了。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在二月已经结束了。A. head头；B. stp停止；C. end结束；D. pint点。由后文的“they survive winter”可知，二月已经结束了，cme t an end意为“结束”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. psitive积极的，乐观的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. regretful后悔的；D. bred无聊的。由上文的“they survive winter”和后文的“abut cntinuing with this way f living”可知，他们度过了冬天，所以对继续这种生活方式持乐观态度。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. rarely稀少地；B.instantly立即地；C. merely仅仅；D. fficially正式地。由“ending in August”可知，挑战将在8月正式结束。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We watched as Shackletn and the bat sailed away frm Elephant Island. It was easy ___36___ (imagine) the danger ahead. There was nthing like a gd dinner and sme music t cheer us ___37___.
T stay alive was nt easy. The island had n water. We culd nly melt ice frm the cean and drink the water frm ___38___. There were n trees grwing n Antarctica and n il, s the nly fuel we culd use was animal fat. We had t be careful nt t g utside t ften, ___39___ the changing temperatures culd make us ill. Many f us als ___40___ (fall) ill frm the smke f the animal fat we burnt fr ur fires.
We lived like this in the cld fr fur mnths. Our discipline and team spirit kept us ___41___ (ptimism) and helped us deal with ur fears ___42___ a psitive and successful way. When we ___43___ (rescue), we felt such relief and jy ___44___ many f us culd nt hide ur tears. Our ptimism and faith in Shackletn had helped us persevere in staying alive. Eventually, he paid us back by his cmmitment t save us frm a slw but painful ____45____ (die).
【答案】36. t imagine
37. up 38. it
39. as##because
40. fell 41. ptimistic
42. in 43. were rescued
44. that 45. death
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和同伴们在南极的恶劣环境下，通过团队协作和乐观精神，最终获救的经历，并对船长Shackletn的救援表示感激。
【36题详解】
考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：很容易想象前方的危险。It be+adj.+t d...是固定句型，意为“做……是……的”，其中it作形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填t imagine。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：没有什么比一顿丰盛的晚餐和一些音乐更能使我们高兴起来的了。cheer sb. up是固定短语，意为“使某人振作起来；使某人高兴起来”。故填up。
38题详解】
考查代词。句意：我们只能把海洋里的冰融化，然后喝里面的水。根据句意，指代上文中“ice”，用指示代词it指代，作宾语。故填it。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们必须小心不要太频繁地外出，因为不断变化的气温会使我们生病。根据句意，“We had t be careful nt t g utside t ften”和“the changing temperatures culd make us ill”之间是因果关系，用从属连词as或because引导原因状语从句。故填as/because。
40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：我们中的许多人也因燃烧动物脂肪产生的烟雾而生病。分析句子可知，fall“进入（某状态），开始变成”，是主句中系动词，根据语境可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，用过去式fell。故填fell。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式处理我们的恐惧。提示词作宾语补足语，用形容词ptimistic，意为“积极的”，表明宾语us的心理状态。故填ptimistic。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式处理我们的恐惧。in 是固定短语，意为“以……的方式”。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当我们获救时，我们感到如释重负和喜悦，许多人都无法掩饰自己的眼泪。分析句子可知，rescue“营救，援救”是时间状语从句中谓语动词，与主语we之间是被动关系，根据语境可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，又因主语是复数人称代词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故填were rescued。
【44题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：当我们获救时，我们感到如释重负和喜悦，许多人都无法掩饰自己的眼泪。是固定句型，意为“如此……以致……”，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：最终，他以承诺将我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救出来作为回报。提示词作宾语，用名词death，意为“死亡”，结合冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填death。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，刚刚报名参加学校以“Be Sprty, Be Healthy”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你写一份演讲稿，内容包含：
1.运动的益处；
2.校园运动的具体建议。
注意：1.词数应为80词左右，文章标题已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Be Sprty, Be Healthy
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【答案】 Be Sprty, Be Healthy
Hell, everyne! I feel hnred t be here t talk t yu n exercise. As we all knw, ding exercise has a lt f benefits. It can nt nly give us a strng bdy, but als can make us energetic s that we can better cncentrate n studies. S I suggest that we shuld d sme exercise at schl.
Fr example, we shuld put dwn ur bks t stretch ur arms frm time t time. Besides, we can d sme jgging and rpe jumping every day.
That’s all. Thank yu!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给以“Be Sprty, Be Healthy”为主题写一份演讲稿，内容包含：运动的益处；校园运动的具体建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
好处：benefits→advantages
建议：suggest→advise
不时：frm time t time→nw and then
此外：Besides→In additin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Fr example, we shuld put dwn ur bks t stretch ur arms frm time t time.
拓展句：Fr example, we shuld put dwn ur bks t stretch ur arms frm time t time, which can relieve fatigue.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It can nt nly give us a strng bdy, but als can make us energetic s that we can better cncentrate n studies. (运用了s that引导结果状语从句)
[高分句型2] S I suggest that we shuld d sme exercise at schl. (运用了虚拟语气)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Adam, Nick, and Tm were best friends. Five years after their graduatin frm cllege, Nick called Adam and Tm, inviting them t celebrate his birthday n his persnal yacht (游艇). They gt very excited.
It was a bright and sunny summer day. As Nick was studying the safety measures f the sea jurney, he saw Adam and Tm cming twards his yacht. With huge hugs and smiles n every face, the three greeted each ther in their usual way. “Thank yu bys fr cming and making my birthday even mre special,” said Nick.
“But befre getting started, hpe yu bth knw there is a danger zne at a particular pint n this sea, ” warned Adam.
“Dn’t wrry. I will stay away frm it. Nw let the party begin!” Nick respnded, starting t turn the steering wheel (方向盘) f the yacht.
Treating the friends n the beautiful white yacht sailing n the blue water was a perfect idea. They were having a wnderful time, talking, eating and jking. Hw time flew! It started getting dark.
“Hey guys! It’s time t g back,” Tm shuted.
“Mr. Sailr, turn yur ship’s wheel and take us back hme,” said Adam.
Little did they knw they were ging t encunter life-threatening challenges ahead. Unknwingly, Nick crssed the danger zne Adam had mentined earlier. When realizing this, Nick decided t make a turn immediately. Unfrtunately, a strange nise came frm the engine and then the yacht stpped. Expert at mending machines, Adam ffered t examine the engine and asked Nick t fetch the tl bx. Nick was hurrying t get it when he slipped, falling int the sea water.
“Nick!” Tm and Adam screamed.
Panicked, Nick started shuting fr help. Tm rushed inside the yacht t get a life jacket t rescue Nick, but didn’t find ne. Instead, he fund a lng rpe and ut he rushed with it.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then Adam shuted n tp f his vice, “Nick! Lk, there’s a shark behind yu!”
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What they had t d was restart the yacht.
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【答案】Just then Adam shuted n tp f his vice, “Nick! Lk, there’s a shark behind yu!” Turning his head, Nick was shcked t find a black figure appraching him. Helpless and frightened, Nick swam twards the yacht like crazy. Tm quickly threw the rpe dwn at Nick, wh succeeded in grasping it. With all their strength, Tm and Adam pulled Nick up frm the water befre the shark culd swallw him. But the hungry animal didn’t give up, swimming arund the yacht fr its dinner. Terrified as the three guys were, they knew they must d smething t escape frm the danger.
What they had t d was restart the yacht. Thugh wet thrugh, Nick fetched the tl bx in n time. With the tls Adam carefully examined the engine, fund ut the exact cause f its failure and managed t get the engine wrking. Its wnderful sund had everyne n bard burst int cheers. With Nick turning the steering wheel, the yacht left the danger zne at full speed, leaving the lnely shark far behind. The yung guys waved happily at it, heading straight back.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要讲述了亚当、尼克和汤姆是最好的朋友。尼克大学毕业五年后，他打电话给亚当和汤姆，邀请他们在他的私人游艇上庆祝他的生日。他们非常兴奋。结果他们不知不觉来到了海上的危险区域，引擎发出一种奇怪的声音，游艇停了下来。亚当是修理机器的专家，他主动提出检查引擎，并让尼克去取工具箱。尼克正急急忙忙去拿，突然滑倒，掉进了海水里。尼克惊慌失措，开始大喊救命。汤姆冲进游艇去拿救生衣去救尼克，但是没有找到。相反，他找到了一根长长的绳子，带着它冲了出去。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：就在这时，亚当大声喊道:“尼克!看，你后面有条鲨鱼!”所以后文应该是讲述尼克遭遇鲨鱼后的反应，以及如何在汤姆和亚当的帮助下脱险的过程；第二段开头是：他们要做的就是重新启动游艇。本段应该写亚当找出了故障原因，让发动机转动起来了，他们最后安全离开了。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：apprach, succeed in, at full speed等高级词汇；Tm quickly threw the rpe dwn at Nick, wh succeeded in grasping it.运用了非限制性定语从句；Terrified as the three guys were, they knew they must d smething t escape frm the danger.运用了让步状语从句等高级句式。
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Best Bks f 2020
On Mnday, the American Library Assciatin annunced the tp children’s bks f 2020. Here are the winners.
Devtin
Authr Clare Vanderpl tk hme the Jhn Newbery Medal fr utstanding cntributin t children’s literature fr Mn ver Manifest. The bk is abut a yung girl’s magical adventures in a small Kansas twn, in 1936.
Vanderpl said that she was shcked t learn that she had wn. “Yu grw up reading legendary authrs like Madeleine L’Engle, but I never expected t be put in a categry with her,” Vanderpl tld TFK, “It’s fabulus”.
Picture This
The picture bk A Sick Day fr Ams McGee wn the Randlph Caldectt Medal. The bk was illustrated by Ein E. Stead and written by her husband, Philip C. Stead. It tells the stry f an elderly zkeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s nt well enugh t g t wrk.
“I lve drawing animals and I lve drawing peple and I lve drawing the emtinal cnnectin between animals and peple,” said Stead.
Mre Hnred Bks
The Cretta Sctt King award, given t an African-American authr and illustratr f “utstanding bks fr children and yung adults”, went t Rita Williams-Garcia fr One Crazy Summer. Set in 1968, the nvel fllws three sisters frm Brklyn, New Yrk, wh visit their mther, a pet wh ran away years ag and lives in Califrnia, and later learn much abut family, their cuntry and themselves.
The king prize fr best-illustrated wrk went t Dave the Ptter: Artist, Pet, Slave. The bk, which was written by Laban Carrick Hill and illustrated by Bryan Cllier, tells the stry f a skilled ptter wh engraved his pems n the clay pts and jars that he made. The enslaved ptter, knwn nly as Dave, lived in Suth Carlina in the 1800s.
1. When she heard the news that she wn the medal Vanderpl felt .
A. depressedB. annyedC. amusedD. astnished
2. We can infer frm the passage that prbably One Crazy Summer is mainly abut .
A. a frighting experienceB. children’s grwth
C. an adventurus jurneyD. scial prblems
3. Frm the passage, we can infer that .
A. The bk Mn ver Manifest tells a stry f a zkeeper and his animals.
B. The bk A Sick Day fr Ams McGee is written by Erin, a famus wman writer.
C. A Sick Day fr Ams McGee shws us that animals can interact with humans.
D. One Cray Summer is abut a mther with her three children having a hliday in Califrnia.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了美国2020年最畅销的儿童图书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Devtin中的“Vanderpl said that she was shcked t learn that she had wn.(Vanderpl说，得知自己获奖时她很震惊。)”可知，当Vanderpl听到她获得奖牌的消息时，她很吃惊。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Mre Hnred Bks中的“The Cretta Sctt King award, given t an African-American authr and illustratr f ‘utstanding bks fr children and yung adults’, went t Rita Williams-Garcia fr One Crazy Summer. Set in 1968, the nvel fllws three sisters frm Brklyn, New Yrk, wh visit their mther, a pet wh ran away years ag and lives in Califrnia, and later learn much abut family, their cuntry and themselves.(科雷塔·斯科特·金（Cretta Sctt King）奖颁给了一位非裔美国作家和插画家，她为儿童和年轻人写了杰出的书，丽塔·威廉姆斯·加西亚（Rita Williams Garcia）的《一个疯狂的夏天》（One Crazy Summer）。小说以1968年为背景，讲述了来自纽约布鲁克林的三姐妹去看望多年前离家出走住在加利福尼亚州的诗人母亲，后来了解了很多关于家庭、国家和自己的事情。)”可知，One Crazy Summer是讲述一个三姐妹去找到离家的母亲，从而更多了解到自己和家庭的青少年成长方面的故事。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Picture This中的“It tells the stry f an elderly zkeeper and the animals that visit him when he’s nt well enugh t g t wrk.(它讲述了一位年老的动物园管理员和在他身体不太好不能上班时来看望他的动物的故事。)”可知，A Sick Day fr Ams McGee向我们展示了动物可以与人类互动。故选C项。
B
Zheng Qinwen annunced herself as a majr new frce in wmen’s tennis with an imprtant French Open debut(首秀) last mnth. Nw the Chinese teenager hpes the fighting spirit she shwed at the Grand Slam (大满贯) turnament can encurage kids starting ut in the sprt t chase their dreams n the curt with the same determinatin.
“If tennis is yur dream, I think yu always have t fight fr yur dream. Because we nly have ne life, yu shuldn’t have any regrets,” Zheng said last week in an interview.
The 19-year-ld shwed she pssesses the talent t be a cntender at the very tp level f tennis with a breakut campaign at French Open.
Accunting fr tw-time Grand Slam winner Simna Halep alng the way, Zheng’s jurney was ended in the furth rund by a three-set defeat t eventual champin Iga Swiatek. Zheng, thugh, gave the Plish wrld N. 1 a big scare, battling back frm 3-0 dwn in the first set t frce and win a tiebreak(平分决胜局).
“That was the first time I had played against the wrld N.1, s I really wanted t grab this chance s I culd judge her level and test myself,” said Zheng. “I didn’t want t give her the match s easy like that. It was pretty difficult fr me t hld n in that match because f what my bdy was ging thrugh, but I wanted t shw her I’m nt easily beaten.”
Lking back at Zheng Qinwen’s perfrmances in this year’s French Open, there’s n dubt that she’s a true fighter. Zheng says she avids being discuraged by higher-ranked ppnents by simply fcusing n the next pint, ne sht at a time. Supprted by her team, she hpes she can ne day win a Grand Slam title.
Zheng’s impressive French Open run has inevitably(不可避免地) led t cmparisns with China’s slitary Grand Slam singles champin Li Na, wh wn the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.
“When I was a kid, Li Na shwed that Asian peple als can d smething really gd in tennis. She was the first ne. I will just fcus n my wn game and then let’s see if I can really cmpete at the highest level,” said Zheng.
4. What des the underlined wrd “cntender” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. CmpetitrB. Annuncer.C. Campaigner.D. Designer.
5. What is the result f the match between Zheng and Iga Swiatek?
A. Iga Swiatek beat Zheng easily.
B. Zheng lst t Iga Swiatek at last.
C. Zheng wn the match despite her pain.
D. Iga Swiatek lst because f her mistakes.
6. Why is Li Na mentined in paragraph 7?
A. T shw hw excellent Zheng Qinwen is.
B. T prve failure is the mther f success.
C. T explain why Li Na has achieved a lt.
D. T cmpare the difference between Zheng Qinwen and Li Na.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Zheng Qinwen?
A. Optimistic and generusB. Adventurus and realistic.
C. Independent and helpfulD. Struggling and determined.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了19岁的网球选手郑钦文在法网公开赛中取得了不俗的成绩，表明了自己是女子网球的重要新生力量。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“The 19-year-ld shwed she pssesses the talent t be a cntender at the very tp level f tennis with a breakut campaign at French Open.(这位19岁的女孩在法网公开赛上展示了她有成为一名顶级网球cntender的天赋。)”和第一段中“Zheng Qinwen annunced herself as a majr new frce in wmen’s tennis with an imprtant French Open debut(首秀) last mnth.(上个月，郑钦文在法网公开赛上首次亮相，宣布自己是女子网球的重要新生力量。)”可知，郑钦文在法网公开赛首次亮相证明了自己的实力，这说明她有成为顶级网球选手的天赋，由此可知，划线单词cntender意为“选手”，与cmpetitr(选手)意思一样，故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Zheng’s jurney was ended in the furth rund by a three-set defeat t eventual champin Iga Swiatek.(郑的征程在第四轮以三盘败给最终的冠军Iga Swiatek而告终。)”可知，最终郑钦文输给了Iga Swiatek，故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段“Zheng’s impressive French Open run has inevitably(不可避免地) led t cmparisns with China’s slitary Grand Slam singles champin Li Na, wh wn the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open titles.( 郑令人印象深刻的法网表现，不可避免地让人们将她与中国单打大满贯冠军李娜相提并论。李娜赢得了2011年法网和2014年澳网的冠军。)”可知，李娜是很优秀的网球运动员，郑钦文的出色表现让人们将她与李娜相提并论。由此可推知，第七段提及李娜是为了表明郑钦文在网球方面也很优秀，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段““If tennis is yur dream, I think yu always have t fight fr yur dream. Because we nly have ne life, yu shuldn’t have any regrets,” Zheng said last week in an interview.( “如果网球是你的梦想，我认为你必须为你的梦想而奋斗。因为我们只有一次生命，你不应该有任何遗憾，”郑在上周的一次采访中说。)”可知，郑钦文为了自己的梦想很努力。根据第五段中“I didn’t want t give her the match s easy like that. It was pretty difficult fr me t hld n in that match because f what my bdy was ging thrugh, but I wanted t shw her I’m nt easily beaten(我不想这么让她那么容易地赢得比赛。对于我来说，在那场比赛中坚持下来是很困难的，这是因为我的身体状况，但是我想让她知道我不是那么容易被打败的)”可知，郑钦文很有决心，由此可知，郑钦文是一个努力且有决心的人，故选D。
C
Human innvatin (创新) has allwed peple t explre space fr decades. Within a space statin, astrnauts have enugh air, fd and water t cmplete missins f a year r lnger withut a resupply. But missins t further reaches f space are a different matter. Establishing a base n the mn r sending humans t Mars seems just n the hrizn. That can nly happen if innvative and flprf ways are develped t supply humans with enugh air, water and fd.
One cmpany, Interstellar Labs, has develped an advanced, clsed lp system that can grw plants anywhere, even in space. They call their AI managed greenhuses BiPds and they are designed t be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BiPds reduce the amunt f land and water needed t prduce fd by 99 percent. That is nt an impssible claim. BiPds dn’t use any sil t grw plants, and the vast majrity f water is recycled and recirculated.
Plants are grwn inside BiPds using aerpnics, the practice f hanging plants in the air and spraying a mist f nutrient-rich water n their rts. By using aerpnics, the BiPd system carefully cnserves water with amazing results. Accrding t Interstellar labs, BiPd-grwn plants are up t 300 times mre prductive than traditinally grwn plants, using nly a small amunt f water.
The cnditins inside f a BiPd are cntrlled by AI, which can change anything frm the lighting t the temperature and humidity t maximize grwth. This ptimizes (使最优化) grwing cnditins n matter what the envirnment is utside, including the emptiness f space.
The BiPds themselves can be built in almst any envirnment, t. The pd’s structure is made with a 3D printer using raw materials in liquid frm. The inside part is sealed with an inflatable membrane (充气膜) that is als 3D-printed. This means that a BiPd culd be built right n the surface f the mn r Mars, making transprting a large structure unnecessary.
Like mst technlgy develped fr space explratin, BiPds can als be used n Earth t prvide highly efficient fd prductin systems even in the harshest envirnments.
8. In writing paragraph 1, the authr aims t____________.
A. present a tpicB. make a cmparisn
C. reach a cnclusinD. prpse a definitin
9. Which f the fllwing best describes Bipds?
A. They are widely used fr space explratin.
B. They are highly prductive and efficient greenhuses.
C. They are easy t perate withut need fr sil r water.
D. They are deigned t be used in harsh envirnments n Earth.
10. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Fd Cnsumptin in Space StatinB. Space Explratin with BiPds
C. Grwing Fd in Space PdsD. 3D Printers Used in Space Lab
11. What is the writer’s attitude t the BiPd?
A. Psitive.B. Cautius.C. Ambiguus.D. Disapprving.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家公司开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在太空舱里种植植物，为宇航员提供食物。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“That can nly happen if innvative and flprf ways are develped t supply humans with enugh air, water and fd.(只有开发出创新和可靠的方法，为人类提供足够的空气、水和食物，这才有可能实现)”及下文“可以在太空舱里种植植物的先进闭环系统”的内容可推断，作者写作第一段是为了引出在太空舱里可以种植食物的方法这一主题。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They call their AI managed greenhuses BiPds and they are designed t be very efficient. In fact, Interstellar Labs claims that BiPds reduce the amunt f land and water needed t prduce fd by 99 percent. (他们称他们的人工智能管理温室为BiPds，它们的设计非常高效。事实上，星际实验室声称，BiPds可以将生产食物所需的土地和水的数量减少99%)”和第三段“Accrding t Interstellar labs, BiPd-grwn plants are up t 300 times mre prductive than traditinally grwn plants, using nly a small amunt f water.(根据星际实验室的数据，BiPd种植的植物比传统种植的植物产量高300倍，只需少量的水)”可知，BiPds是高产和高效的温室。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“One cmpany, Interstellar Labs, has develped an advanced, clsed lp system that can grw plants anywhere, even in space.(一家公司，星际实验室开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在任何地方种植植物，甚至在太空中)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一家公司开发了一种先进的闭环系统，可以在太空舱里种植植物，为宇航员提供食物。所以“Grwing Fd in Space Pds(在太空舱里种植食物)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“By using aerpnics, the BiPd system carefully cnserves water with amazing results. Accrding t Interstellar labs, BiPd-grwn plants are up t 300 times mre prductive than traditinally grwn plants, using nly a small amunt f water. (通过使用空气种植法，BiPd系统谨慎地节约用水，取得了惊人的效果。根据星际穿实验室的说法，BiPd种植的植物比传统种植的植物产量高300倍，只需要少量的水)”、第四段“The cnditins inside f a BiPd are cntrlled by AI, which can change anything frm the lighting t the temperature and humidity t maximize grwth. This ptimizes grwing cnditins n matter what the envirnment is utside, including the emptiness f space. (BiPd内部的条件是由人工智能控制的，它可以改变从照明到温度和湿度的任何东西，以最大限度地提高生长。这优化了生长条件，无论外部环境如何，包括空间的空旷)”、第五段“The BiPds themselves can be built in almst any envirnment, t.(这种BiPds本身也几乎可以在任何环境下建造)”和最后一段“Like mst technlgy develped fr space explratin, BiPds can als be used n Earth t prvide highly efficient fd prductin systems even in the harshest envirnments.(像大多数为太空探索而开发的技术一样，在地球上，即使在最恶劣的环境中，BiPds也可以用来提供高效的食物生产系统)”可推断，作者认为BiPd有许多优点，所以对BiPd的态度是积极的。故选A。
D
Small talk has a reputatin fr being uninteresting, and fr gd reasn. Pinting ut the fact that it’s raining seems as ridiculus as pinting ut the fact that yu have a head—yu’re fully aware f bth things, and dn’t require an utsider t cnfirm them. But despite being evident and ften painfully dull, small talk has an imprtant rle t play, enabling us t vercme scial bstacles twards imprved , meaningful interactin (互动).
Humans can be sensitive suls. We each have ur bundaries and lists f ptential upsets, which when brken, cause us t either gently back away t an alternative psitin in the rm, r becme crss at the persn. Small talk is first a way t test the waters with an unfamiliar persn, s that yu may better understand their character. When finding yurself psitined clsely t a persn wh yu knw little abut, it’s much safer t pint ut the rainy sky than t share yur plitical views n a sensitive tpic. Until yu knw the persn better, heavier tpics shuld prbably be kept under wraps, s yu wn’t find yurself n the receiving end f a cld stare.
Thugh insignificant, small talk still has great pwer. When talking with fellw humans, much f ur sul is expsed thrugh nn-verbal cmmunicatin. A respnse t “hw was yur weekend” can unveil much abut the persn’s character. The length f their respnse might indicate their level f self-cnfidence; the tne f speaking might shw hw agreeable a persn is; their slightly lwered head, as if prtecting themselves frm attack, a pssible sign f a regrettable histry f bullying.
As mre f a persn’s character is revealed, we have the insight needed t determine whether t brach mre significant tpics—the things that we actually want t talk abut. Cnversatin is a great educatr, and deep cnversatins establish lasting bnds with thers, frming precius friendships that paint ur lives with vibrant clrs. Such friendships begin with small talk.
12. What is described in the first paragraph?
A. The first stage f human interactin.
B. The difficulty f having deep cnversatins.
C. Absence f cmmunicatin between strangers.
D Ridiculus human behavir in cmmunicatin.
13. Why d peple find themselves “n the receiving end f a cld stare”?
A. Because they are enthusiastic abut plitics.
B. Because they are t sensitive abut tpics.
C. Because they fail t manage interpersnal distance.
D. Because they cme up with sme uninteresting tpics.
14. What might be a sign f friendliness accrding t paragraph 3?
A. The length f the answer.B. The quality f the vice.
C. The psitin f the head.D. The distance between speakers.
15. What might be the best title fr the text?
A. Reputatin f Small TalkB. Ways f Understanding thers
C. Significance f Small TalkD. Challenges f Deep Cnversatin
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了在日常生活中，闲聊虽然是明显、枯燥、微不足道的事，但却起着重要作用。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Small talk has a reputatin fr being uninteresting, and fr gd reasn. Pinting ut the fact that it’s raining seems as ridiculus as pinting ut the fact that yu have a head—yu’re fully aware f bth things, and dn’t require an utsider t cnfirm them. But despite being evident and ften painfully dull, small talk has an imprtant rle t play, enabling us t vercme scial bstacles twards imprved , meaningful interactin (互动).(闲聊以无趣而著称，这是有充分理由的。指出正在下雨的事实似乎和指出你有头脑的事实一样荒谬，你完全知道这两件事，不需要外人来证实。但是，尽管闲聊很明显，而且常常令人痛苦地枯燥乏味，但它可以发挥重要作用，使我们能够克服社会障碍，改善有意义的互动。)”可知，这一段主要是在介绍闲聊，虽然闲聊枯燥无趣，却能帮助人们克服社交障碍，进行更深入且有意义的互动，所以A选项“闲聊是人类互动的第一个阶段。”能很好地概括该段内容。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When finding yurself psitined clsely t a persn wh yu knw little abut, it’s much safer t pint ut the rainy sky than t share yur plitical views n a sensitive tpic. Until yu knw the persn better, heavier tpics shuld prbably be kept under wraps, s yu wn’t find yurself n the receiving end f a cld stare.(当你发现自己和一个你几乎不了解的人的位置很近时，谈论下雨的天空比分享你在一个敏感话题上的政治观点要安全得多。在你更了解对方之前，较沉重的话题应该保密，这样你就不会发现自己受到冷眼。)”可知，在跟一个不是很了解的人很近时，不要谈论沉重的话题，否则会遭受冷眼，所以如果人们发现自己受到了冷眼，说明他们没有管理好人际距离。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The length f their respnse might indicate their level f self-cnfidence; the tne f speaking might shw hw agreeable a persn is; their slightly lwered head, as if prtecting themselves frm attack, a pssible sign f a regrettable histry f bullying.(他们反应的长度可能表明他们的自信心水平；说话的语气可能表明一个人是多么和蔼可亲；他们微微低下头，似乎在保护自己免受攻击，这可能是一段令人遗憾的欺凌历史的迹象)”可知，说话的语气可能是友好的标志。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“But despite being evident and ften painfully dull, small talk has an imprtant rle t play, enabling us t vercme scial bstacles twards imprved, meaningful interactin (互动).(但是，尽管闲聊很明显，而且常常令人非常枯燥，但它仍然扮演着重要的角色，使我们能够克服社交障碍，朝着改善的，有意义的互动发展。)”及最后一段“Cnversatin is a great educatr, and deep cnversatins establish lasting bnds with thers, frming precius friendships that paint ur lives with vibrant clrs. Such friendships begin with small talk.(交谈是伟大的教育家，深刻的交谈建立起与他人的持久联系，形成宝贵的友谊，为我们的生活涂上鲜艳的色彩。这样的友谊始于闲聊。)”可知，文章主要介绍了闲聊的重要作用，可以让人们克服社交障碍，帮助人们发展友谊，为人们的生活增添色彩。所以C选项“闲聊的重要性”可以很好地概括文章内容，适合作为文章的标题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Life can be challenging fr teens. They must deal with schlwrk, family life and friends at the same time t fit. Feelings f sadness, frustratin and irritability are cmmn. ____16____ Their negative feelings dn’t cme and g. Instead. thse intense feelings can pint t a disease called depressin—ne that may require treatment.
It’s easy t think that depressed peple simply feel sad r hpeless. Fr many teens that may be true. ____17____ Sme kids withdraw frm friends and family. Others respnd with angry utbursts. Sme teens may skip schl r stp eating r sleeping. Teachers, parents r even a teen’s clse friends may find it hard t tell whether these behavirs are just part f being a teens r signs f smething truly serius.
Even depressed teens may nt realize they have this prblem. ____18____ Mre than three millin Americans between the ages f 12 and 17 experienced depressin in 2019. Hwever, a study by researchers at Harvard and Yale universities fund that half f all teens with depressin dn’t get help until they becme adults. And nly ne in three will have been diagnsed by their dctr.
____19____ “I can nly wrk with what yu give me,” Dee says, the mental-health prfessinal in Lincln, Neb.
Dee says, peers shuld als seek fr signs f depressin. Keep an eye n yur friends, she recmmends. Watch fr symptms f islatin (孤立) r hpelessness. ____20____ Any f these behavirs culd be a symptm f depressin.
Overall, knwing wh and hw t help is essential fr successfully treating depressin in teens.
A. The prblem is that depressin in teens can be hard t spt.
B. Sme may turn t their friends t get rid f alchl r drugs.
C. Even skipping classes can be a sign that smething serius is ging n.
D. And the share f thse affected is high.
E. But fr sme teens, thse emtins take a mre extreme turn.
F. There is a link between mental illness and suicide in teens.
G. Teens shuld be hnest with their answers.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青少年患抑郁症的现象。青少年患抑郁症的情况越来越严重。但是，问题在于发现抑郁症很难，甚至连青少年本人都没有意识到自己的问题。专家提出，家长、老师、同龄人和青少年本人都要关注青少年抑郁的问题。
【16题详解】
前文“ Feelings f sadness, frustratin and irritability are cmmn. (悲伤、沮丧和易怒的情绪是很常见的)”强调负面情绪是普遍的，后文“Their negative feelings dn’t cme and g. Instead. thse intense feelings can pint t a disease called depressin—ne that may require treatment. (他们的消极情绪不会来来去去。相反，这些强烈的感觉可能导致一种叫做抑郁症的疾病——这种疾病可能需要治疗)”强调这些负面情绪会导致抑郁症，前后语义呈转折关系，所以E选项“But fr sme teens, thse emtins take a mre extreme turn. (但对一些青少年来说，这些情绪发生了更极端的转变)”符合题意，后文中提到的“depressin”是消极情绪极端化的体现。故答案为E。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Teachers, parents r even a teen’s clse friends may find it hard t tell whether these behavirs are just part f being a teens r signs f smething truly serius.(老师、家长甚至是青少年的密友可能很难判断这些行为是青少年的一部分，还是一些真正严重的迹象)”可知，身边的人很难判断出某些行为到底是不是抑郁症的症状，所以A选项“The prblem is that depressin in teens can be hard t spt. (问题是青少年的抑郁症很难被发现)”符合题意，选项中的“hard t spt”呼应后文的“hard t tell”。故答案为A。
【18题详解】
后文“Mre than three millin Americans between the ages f 12 and 17 experienced depressin in 2019. (2019年，超过300万12岁至17岁的美国人经历过抑郁症)”用具体的数字来表明患有抑郁症的人数非常多，所以D选项“And the share f thse affected is high. (而且受影响的比例很高)”符合语境，先强调比例高，在用具体的数字进一步解释。故答案为D。
19题详解】
根据后文精神健康专家Dee说的话“I can nly wrk with what yu give me (我只会根据患者告诉我的情况开展工作)”可知，G选项“Teens shuld be hnest with their answers. (青少年应该对自己的问题做出诚实的回答)”选项符合题意，只有青少年诚实回答问题，专家才能有针对性的去解决问题。故答案为G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Dee says, peers shuld als seek fr signs f depressin. Keep an eye n yur friends, she recmmends. Watch fr symptms f islatin (孤立) r hpelessness. (Dee说，同龄人也应该寻找抑郁症的迹象。她建议多留意你的朋友。注意孤立或绝望的症状)”可知，专家建议身边的同龄人要密切关注抑郁症的迹象，后文“ Any f these behavirs culd be a symptm f depressin. (这些行为都可能是抑郁症的症状)”中的关键词“these behavirs”说明该空会描述一些抑郁症的行为。C选项“Even skipping classes can be a sign that smething serius is ging n. (甚至逃课也可能是有严重问题发生的信号)”中的“skipping classes”就是具体的抑郁症行为，选项中的“Even”与空前的“symptms f islatin (孤立) r hpelessness”构成递进关系。故答案为C。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When an infectius disease brke ut and supermarket shelves were ____21____, Daniel and Nancy decided they n lnger wanted t ____22____ thers fr fd. The cuple decided t start a year-lng ____23____ where they wuldn’t buy a single thing t eat. ____24____, they wuld grw, raise r catch everything.
Daniel said, “It is smething that we have wanted t d. When the disease ____25____, it gave us that extra ____26____. At that time we were bth ____27____, and that gave us even mre mtivatin t see if we culd ____28____ urselves.” The pair built a huse fr chickens and ducks and studied nline abut where they wuld get all the things they needed. Daniel adds, “We had t learn s many new things like hw t grw mushrms and ____29____ salt frm the cean.”
“Nw after five mnths, they bth feel well but Daniel ____30____ the first few weeks were difficult as their bdies adjusted t ____31____ cffee, wine and sugar all n the same day,” he says. “After three weeks ur desires fr them ____32____ and nw we feel great.” Nw February has cme t a(n) ____33____. As they survive winter, they feel ____34____ abut cntinuing with this way f living, with their challenge ____35____ ending in August.
21. A. dustyB. firmC. emptyD. full
22. A. lk frB. cme acrssC. fall behindD. rely n
23. A. challengeB. charityC. cnstructinD. research
24. A. NeverthelessB. InsteadC. TherefreD. Besides
25. A. wentB. drppedC. failedD. hit
26. A. burdenB. pushC. debtD. excuse
27. A. unemplyedB. uncncernedC. ccupiedD. cnfused
28. A. guaranteeB. prtectC. feedD. cntrl
29. A. supplyB. saveC. inventD. harvest
30. A. arguesB. admitsC. dubtsD. denies
31. A. quittingB. demandingC. changingD. cnsuming
32. A. returnedB. reducedC. existedD. dubled
33. A. headB. stpC. endD. pint
34. A. psitiveB. hesitantC. regretfulD. bred
35. A. rarelyB. instantlyC. merelyD. fficially
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是当面对在超市无法购买到食物的困境时，Daniel和Nancy这对夫妇决定自己制作食物，挑战一年不购买东西吃。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. dusty布满灰尘的；B. firm坚固的；C. empty空的；D. full满的。由上文的“When an infectius disease brke ut”及常识可知，传染病爆发时超市的食物被抢购一空。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一场传染病爆发，超市货架都空了，这时丹尼尔和南希决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。A. lk fr寻找；B. cme acrss偶遇；C. fall behind落后；D. rely n依靠。由后文的“they wuldn’t buy a single thing t eat”可知，他们决定不再依靠别人来获取食物。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇决定开始一项为期一年的挑战，他们不买任何东西吃。A.challenge挑战；B. charity慈善；C. cnstructin建设；D. research研究。由后文的“where they wuldn’t buy a single thing t eat”可知，不买任何东西吃，这对他们来说当然是一种挑战。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会种植、饲养或捕捉一切。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Instead相反；C. Therefre因此；D. Besides另外。根据上文“The cuple decided t start a year-lng 3 where they wuldn’t buy a single thing t eat.”和下文“they wuld grw, raise r catch everything.”可知，上下文是相反的做法。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. went去；B. drpped下降；C. failed失败；D. hit袭击。根据第一段的“When an infectius disease brke ut”可知，此处表示疾病来袭，空格处是“袭击”。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当疾病来袭时，它又给了我们额外的动力。A. burden负担；B.push推动力 ；C.debt债务；D. excuse借口。由后文的“gave us even mre mtivatin”可知，疾病来袭给了他们额外的动力。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A.unemplyed失业的；B. uncncerned不关心的；C. ccupied忙于……的；D. cnfused困惑的 。根据第一段的“When an infectius disease brke ut”可知，传染病爆发，两个人都失业了。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时候我们都失业了，这给了我们更多的动力去看看我们是否能养活自己。A. guarantee保证；B. prtect保护；C. feed喂养，养活；D. cntrl控制。由上文的“they wuldn’t buy a single thing t eat. 4 , they wuld grw, raise r catch everything”可知，他们失业了，他们想看看自己是否能养活自己。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须学习很多新东西，比如如何种植蘑菇和从海洋中收集盐。A. supply供应；B. save救；C. invent发明；D. harvest收集，收获。由后文的“salt frm the cean”可知，是从海里收集盐。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体要适应在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A. argues争论；B. admits承认；C. dubts怀疑；D. denies否认。由后文的“the first few weeks were difficult”可知，丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：五个月后，他们都感觉很好，但丹尼尔承认最初几周很困难，因为他们的身体要适应在同一天戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖。A.quitting戒除 ；B. demanding要求；C. changing改变；D. cnsuming消耗。由后文的“cffee, wine and sugar”可知，这些东西是他们生产不出来的，所以得戒掉。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：三周后，我们对它们的需求降低了，现在我们感觉很好。A. returned回来 ；B. reduced降低；C. existed存在；D. dubled加倍。由上文的“their bdies adjusted t 11 cffee, wine and sugar”以及下文“nw we feel great”可知，他们要习惯戒掉咖啡、葡萄酒和糖，现在感觉很好了，由此可知，他们对这些东西的需求降低了。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在二月已经结束了。A. head头；B. stp停止；C. end结束；D. pint点。由后文的“they survive winter”可知，二月已经结束了，cme t an end意为“结束”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. psitive积极的，乐观的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. regretful后悔的；D. bred无聊的。由上文的“they survive winter”和后文的“abut cntinuing with this way f living”可知，他们度过了冬天，所以对继续这种生活方式持乐观态度。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着他们度过了冬天，他们对继续这种生活方式感到乐观，他们的挑战将在8月正式结束。A. rarely稀少地；B.instantly立即地；C. merely仅仅；D. fficially正式地。由“ending in August”可知，挑战将在8月正式结束。故选D项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We watched as Shackletn and the bat sailed away frm Elephant Island. It was easy ___36___ (imagine) the danger ahead. There was nthing like a gd dinner and sme music t cheer us ___37___.
T stay alive was nt easy. The island had n water. We culd nly melt ice frm the cean and drink the water frm ___38___. There were n trees grwing n Antarctica and n il, s the nly fuel we culd use was animal fat. We had t be careful nt t g utside t ften, ___39___ the changing temperatures culd make us ill. Many f us als ___40___ (fall) ill frm the smke f the animal fat we burnt fr ur fires.
We lived like this in the cld fr fur mnths. Our discipline and team spirit kept us ___41___ (ptimism) and helped us deal with ur fears ___42___ a psitive and successful way. When we ___43___ (rescue), we felt such relief and jy ___44___ many f us culd nt hide ur tears. Our ptimism and faith in Shackletn had helped us persevere in staying alive. Eventually, he paid us back by his cmmitment t save us frm a slw but painful ____45____ (die).
【答案】36. t imagine
37. up 38. it
39. as##because
40. fell 41. ptimistic
42. in 43. were rescued
44. that 45. death
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和同伴们在南极的恶劣环境下，通过团队协作和乐观精神，最终获救的经历，并对船长Shackletn的救援表示感激。
【36题详解】
考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：很容易想象前方的危险。It be+adj.+t d...是固定句型，意为“做……是……的”，其中it作形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填t imagine。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：没有什么比一顿丰盛的晚餐和一些音乐更能使我们高兴起来的了。cheer sb. up是固定短语，意为“使某人振作起来；使某人高兴起来”。故填up。
38题详解】
考查代词。句意：我们只能把海洋里的冰融化，然后喝里面的水。根据句意，指代上文中“ice”，用指示代词it指代，作宾语。故填it。
【39题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们必须小心不要太频繁地外出，因为不断变化的气温会使我们生病。根据句意，“We had t be careful nt t g utside t ften”和“the changing temperatures culd make us ill”之间是因果关系，用从属连词as或because引导原因状语从句。故填as/because。
40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：我们中的许多人也因燃烧动物脂肪产生的烟雾而生病。分析句子可知，fall“进入（某状态），开始变成”，是主句中系动词，根据语境可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，用过去式fell。故填fell。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式处理我们的恐惧。提示词作宾语补足语，用形容词ptimistic，意为“积极的”，表明宾语us的心理状态。故填ptimistic。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式处理我们的恐惧。in 是固定短语，意为“以……的方式”。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当我们获救时，我们感到如释重负和喜悦，许多人都无法掩饰自己的眼泪。分析句子可知，rescue“营救，援救”是时间状语从句中谓语动词，与主语we之间是被动关系，根据语境可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，又因主语是复数人称代词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故填were rescued。
【44题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：当我们获救时，我们感到如释重负和喜悦，许多人都无法掩饰自己的眼泪。是固定句型，意为“如此……以致……”，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：最终，他以承诺将我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救出来作为回报。提示词作宾语，用名词death，意为“死亡”，结合冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填death。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，刚刚报名参加学校以“Be Sprty, Be Healthy”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你写一份演讲稿，内容包含：
1.运动的益处；
2.校园运动的具体建议。
注意：1.词数应为80词左右，文章标题已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Be Sprty, Be Healthy
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Be Sprty, Be Healthy
Hell, everyne! I feel hnred t be here t talk t yu n exercise. As we all knw, ding exercise has a lt f benefits. It can nt nly give us a strng bdy, but als can make us energetic s that we can better cncentrate n studies. S I suggest that we shuld d sme exercise at schl.
Fr example, we shuld put dwn ur bks t stretch ur arms frm time t time. Besides, we can d sme jgging and rpe jumping every day.
That’s all. Thank yu!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给以“Be Sprty, Be Healthy”为主题写一份演讲稿，内容包含：运动的益处；校园运动的具体建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
好处：benefits→advantages
建议：suggest→advise
不时：frm time t time→nw and then
此外：Besides→In additin
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Fr example, we shuld put dwn ur bks t stretch ur arms frm time t time.
拓展句：Fr example, we shuld put dwn ur bks t stretch ur arms frm time t time, which can relieve fatigue.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It can nt nly give us a strng bdy, but als can make us energetic s that we can better cncentrate n studies. (运用了s that引导结果状语从句)
[高分句型2] S I suggest that we shuld d sme exercise at schl. (运用了虚拟语气)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Adam, Nick, and Tm were best friends. Five years after their graduatin frm cllege, Nick called Adam and Tm, inviting them t celebrate his birthday n his persnal yacht (游艇). They gt very excited.
It was a bright and sunny summer day. As Nick was studying the safety measures f the sea jurney, he saw Adam and Tm cming twards his yacht. With huge hugs and smiles n every face, the three greeted each ther in their usual way. “Thank yu bys fr cming and making my birthday even mre special,” said Nick.
“But befre getting started, hpe yu bth knw there is a danger zne at a particular pint n this sea, ” warned Adam.
“Dn’t wrry. I will stay away frm it. Nw let the party begin!” Nick respnded, starting t turn the steering wheel (方向盘) f the yacht.
Treating the friends n the beautiful white yacht sailing n the blue water was a perfect idea. They were having a wnderful time, talking, eating and jking. Hw time flew! It started getting dark.
“Hey guys! It’s time t g back,” Tm shuted.
“Mr. Sailr, turn yur ship’s wheel and take us back hme,” said Adam.
Little did they knw they were ging t encunter life-threatening challenges ahead. Unknwingly, Nick crssed the danger zne Adam had mentined earlier. When realizing this, Nick decided t make a turn immediately. Unfrtunately, a strange nise came frm the engine and then the yacht stpped. Expert at mending machines, Adam ffered t examine the engine and asked Nick t fetch the tl bx. Nick was hurrying t get it when he slipped, falling int the sea water.
“Nick!” Tm and Adam screamed.
Panicked, Nick started shuting fr help. Tm rushed inside the yacht t get a life jacket t rescue Nick, but didn’t find ne. Instead, he fund a lng rpe and ut he rushed with it.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then Adam shuted n tp f his vice, “Nick! Lk, there’s a shark behind yu!”
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What they had t d was restart the yacht.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Just then Adam shuted n tp f his vice, “Nick! Lk, there’s a shark behind yu!” Turning his head, Nick was shcked t find a black figure appraching him. Helpless and frightened, Nick swam twards the yacht like crazy. Tm quickly threw the rpe dwn at Nick, wh succeeded in grasping it. With all their strength, Tm and Adam pulled Nick up frm the water befre the shark culd swallw him. But the hungry animal didn’t give up, swimming arund the yacht fr its dinner. Terrified as the three guys were, they knew they must d smething t escape frm the danger.
What they had t d was restart the yacht. Thugh wet thrugh, Nick fetched the tl bx in n time. With the tls Adam carefully examined the engine, fund ut the exact cause f its failure and managed t get the engine wrking. Its wnderful sund had everyne n bard burst int cheers. With Nick turning the steering wheel, the yacht left the danger zne at full speed, leaving the lnely shark far behind. The yung guys waved happily at it, heading straight back.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇读后续写作文。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要讲述了亚当、尼克和汤姆是最好的朋友。尼克大学毕业五年后，他打电话给亚当和汤姆，邀请他们在他的私人游艇上庆祝他的生日。他们非常兴奋。结果他们不知不觉来到了海上的危险区域，引擎发出一种奇怪的声音，游艇停了下来。亚当是修理机器的专家，他主动提出检查引擎，并让尼克去取工具箱。尼克正急急忙忙去拿，突然滑倒，掉进了海水里。尼克惊慌失措，开始大喊救命。汤姆冲进游艇去拿救生衣去救尼克，但是没有找到。相反，他找到了一根长长的绳子，带着它冲了出去。
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：就在这时，亚当大声喊道:“尼克!看，你后面有条鲨鱼!”所以后文应该是讲述尼克遭遇鲨鱼后的反应，以及如何在汤姆和亚当的帮助下脱险的过程；第二段开头是：他们要做的就是重新启动游艇。本段应该写亚当找出了故障原因，让发动机转动起来了，他们最后安全离开了。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：apprach, succeed in, at full speed等高级词汇；Tm quickly threw the rpe dwn at Nick, wh succeeded in grasping it.运用了非限制性定语从句；Terrified as the three guys were, they knew they must d smething t escape frm the danger.运用了让步状语从句等高级句式。
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