2023-2024学年北京市海淀区九年级一模考试英语试卷（含详细答案解析）

这是一份2023-2024学年北京市海淀区九年级一模考试英语试卷（含详细答案解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了单选题，完形填空，阅读理解，任务型阅读-简答，信息匹配，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.Linda and her sister are bk lvers. ________ ften spend time reading in the library.
A. SheB. TheyC. WeD. Yu
2.—Shall we take the 7:00 bus?—OK. The cncert starts ________ 7:30. We can make it n time.
A. inB. nC. atD. t
3.—Must I sign up fr the schl music festival tday? —N, yu ________. Tmrrw is the last day fr signing up.
A. can'tB. shuldn'tC. mustn'tD. needn't
4.Tm practices basketball every day, and he becmes ________ at it than befre.
A. wellB. betterC. bestD. the best
5.—________ is it frm ur schl t the space museum?—It's abut five kilmeters.
A. Hw snB. Hw lngC. Hw farD. Hw much
6.Remember t d warm-up exercise befre swimming, ________ yu may get hurt.
A. sB. andC. butD. r
7.—Eric, turn dwn the music, please. Yur little brther ________.—OK, Mm. I'm srry.
A. is sleepingB. sleepsC. was sleepingD. slept
8.—Lily, what husewrk d yu ften d at hme? —I ________ the dishes after dinner every day.
A. dB. didC. will dD. was ding
9.—Jim, I called yu an hur ag, but yu didn't pick up. What were yu ding?—Oh, I ________ the picnic plan with my parents.
A. discussB. am discussingC. discussedD. was discussing
10.Lisa ______ the Summer Palace twice since she came t Beijing.
A. visitsB. visitedC. has visitedD. was visiting
11.Last year, a garden ________ fr students t grw vegetables in ur schl.
A. startedB. was startedC. startsD. is started
12.—Bb, can yu tell me ________ the science club? —Well, I really like ding experiments.
A. why yu want t jinB. why d yu want t jin
C. when yu want t jinD. when d yu want t jin
二、完形填空：本大题共8小题，共8分。
​​​​​​​
In her grandparents' ld huse, Maya discvered an ld family calendar, with each page filled ut carefully.
On June 6, 1892: "Helped Mr Thmpsn repair his huse." On Nvember 14, 1907: "____1____ my time at an ld peple's hme."
Curius, she asked her grandmther abut it.
"That is the traditin f ur family," her grandmther explained. "Every day, fr generatins (世代), we cmplete ne act f kindness and take it dwn. N matter hw ____2____ it is."
Maya was interested. "Why?"
Her grandmther smiled, "It's a belief that thrugh cntinuus kind actins, we can create a life f ____3____. Every day, we find a mment f light thrugh ffering help t thers, even when the wrld arund us is dark."
With admiratin, Maya decided t keep the traditin. Every night, she wuld recrd her act f kindness fr the day. As the years went by, Maya's entries f her kind act ____4____, frm cmfrting a distressed stranger n the bus t rganizing cmmunity clean-ups.
One day, as she sat at a café, a yung wman came t her. "Are yu Maya?" She asked plitely.
Maya ndded, feeling ____5____.
The wman went n, "Years ag, yu taught me fr free when my family culdn't affrd lessns. Because f yu, I graduated tp f my class. Tday, I ____6____ an rganizatin prviding help fr students frm pr families."
Maya was mved and prud. She realized her actins were creating ripples (涟漪) in ways she had never imagined.
The calendar became a cmmunity legend (传奇). Inspired by Maya, the twn started a "Calendar Day", encuraging everyne t d gd.
When Maya was ld, she ften sat with her grandchildren, turning the filled pages. "This was when yur grandpa and I met. I helped him find his lst dg."
One day, her ldest grandchild, Sphie, lked up frm the calendar. "I want t ____7____ this, Grandma."
Maya handed the calendar ver. She knew the traditin wuld live n.
Years after Maya passed, the twn built a statue (雕塑) in her hnr, with the wrds n its base:
In memry f Maya and the generatins befre her wh believed in the pwer f everyday ____8____.
13.A. SavedB. WastedC. ManagedD. Vlunteered
14.A. ppularB. smallC. unfairD. interesting
15.A. freedmB. balanceC. purpseD. discvery
16.A. grewB. appearedC. remainedD. mattered
17.A. wrriedB. relaxedC. excitedD. cnfused
18.A. runB. needC. nameD. visit
19.A. praiseB. reprtC. cntinueD. remember
20.A. changesB. kindnessC. happinessD. achievements
三、阅读理解：本大题共10小题，共20分。
A
"Why can't Grandpa just be nrmal? Why des he take waveski as a hbby? It's s weird (怪异的)," Carter asked Grandma.
Grandma laughed. "I've wndered that fr many years."
They were sitting n the beach watching Grandpa and sme f his friends in the cean.
"Nne f my friends even knws what a waveski is," Carter cntinued.
"Just tell them itˈs a lt like surfing (冲浪), but the riders sit n tp f a waveski. When the waves cme, they will ride the wave just like a surfer, nly they paddle t get ut t the waves."
"Nbdy's grandpa des this."
Grandma laughed. "Well, what shuld he be ding instead?"
"I dn't knw. Maybe things that ld peple d."
"Lk! A big wave is cming in!" Grandma pinted t the cean.
Carter saw Grandpa in frnt f his friends. He was leaning (倾斜) frward and paddling hard, just ahead f the large incming wave. Carter was surprised at hw hard Grandpa was paddling and hw fast he was mving. Just then, anther huge wave came. Carter jumped t his feet and held his breath. This was nt gd. What if smething bad happened?
As the wave drew near, Grandpa paddled harder. He was suddenly lifted by the water and stpped paddling. He leaned tward the wave, changing the directin f the waveski. Nw, he was riding the wave, mving fast. Carter was amazed. Grandpa was ttally in cntrl.
Carter nw realized his grandpa wasn't weird at all. He was amazing. Abslutely amazing! "G Grandpa!" Carter shuted, even thugh he knew Grandpa culdn't hear him.
When the wave was gne, Grandpa turned tward the beach and waved t Carter and Grandma. He lked s happy.
Carter waved back. He wasnˈt sure why, but he had tears in his eyes. He quickly dried them and then waved again.
"D yu think I can be the ne riding waves like him?"
"Of curse," Grandma said.
21.Carter thught his grandpa was weird because Grandpa ________.
A. had a special hbbyB. disliked being with his friends
C. seldm played with himD. spent hurs sitting n the beach
22.Carter came t understand his grandpa when ________.
A. he learned frm Grandma what waveski was
B. he saw Grandpa paddling ahead f the wave
C. Grandpa was riding the wave and mving fast
D. Grandpa turned tward the beach and waved t him
23.After talking with Grandma, Carter wuld prbably ________.
A. buy a new waveski fr Grandpa
B. share his wn hbby with Grandma
C. encurage Grandma t try waveski
D. ask Grandpa t teach him t waveski
B
Meditatin is ne kind f exercise in cntrlling attentin. Meditatrs use sme practices, like keeping fcus n breathing, t strengthen the ability t take cntrl ver what their minds are ding. While meditatrs have lng experienced its benefits, science nly recently discvered that the mental effrt f meditatin is gd exercise fr the brain.
Meditatin has much t d with cgnitin, a term t describe the thught prcesses inside ur heads (like fcusing, making decisins, and remembering) that allw us t understand the wrld. Meditatrs are really gd at using several cgnitive abilities t stay fcused. When they learn that their minds wander (走神), they quickly bring their attentin back, which is like ding a mental push-up. All these mental push-ups end up strengthening their ability t change their thughts based n what they are ding right nw, like changing frm ding math t reading when they g t different classes.
Grups f brain areas that cmmunicate are called brain netwrks, and the health f the brain depends n the ability f brain netwrks t cmmunicate well. Science has shwn that meditatin can imprve sustained attentin, which is hw well a persn can keep their attentin n smething hard fr a lng time. Scientists can measure imprvements in sustained attentin by lking fr increases in certain brain waves, using EEG (脑电图). It prves that meditatin can make the brain areas invlved in attentin cmmunicate with each ther mre easily.
Meditatin can even change the way that meditatrs' brain netwrks cmmunicate, by bringing new, helpful brain areas int the cnversatin r getting rid f a brain area that is t lud and distracting (分心的). As a result, meditatrs get better at fcusing their attentin away frm negative thughts and feelings and putting themselves int a gd md.
These changes take a lng time and a lt f wrk. Peple need t make meditatin a habit and guidance frm a teacher can be helpful. Yet, nt everyne can affrd a persnal teacher. That's where technlgy steps in. Scientists have made apps that prvide tips and help peple meditate at their wn levels. While sme digital meditatin apps have been carefully studied by scientists, sme need t be tested. S, it is imprtant t be careful at first abut whether an app really wrks.
24.Accrding t the passage, when peple meditate, they ________.
A. try t cntrl their fcus
B. fcus n what ges arund
C. make imprtant decisins
D. develp the ability t cmmunicate
25.What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Meditatrs end their practice when their minds wander.
B. Meditatin makes it pssible fr peple t have happier mds.
C. Certain brain waves decrease when sustained attentin imprves.
D. Digital meditatin apps wrk better than persnal meditatin teachers.
26.What might be the best title fr the passage?
A. Hw des meditatin benefit the brain?
B. Hw d peple make meditatin a habit?
C. Hw des technlgy imprve meditatin?
D. Hw d meditalrs better their mental health?
C
Every time I lk at the many recent rders n my nline shpping accunt, r I receive a new package n my drstep, I get a feeling f happiness that is hard t give up. Althugh I knw that my shpping habits are bad fr the planet, I just can't stp.
But Ann-Christine Duhaime's new bk, Minding the Climate: Hw Neurscience Can Help Slve Our Envirnmental Crisis, has helped me understand that my desire (渴望) t keep buying things isn't necessarily a persnal weakness—it's the way ur brains have develped.
Accrding t Duhaime, we managed t stay alive even when things were hard because ur brains learned t repeat decisins like mving twards a tasty treat r backing away frm danger. Tday, we have sme 86 billin neurns (神经元) in the brain cntinuusly wrking t strengthen rewarding behavir—a kind f actin that results in a psitive utcme, which makes a persn want t d it again. As the neurns wrk, they prduce dpamine (多巴胺), which makes ur rewarding behavir feel even better than usual. We actively lk fr mre dpamine, and at the same time, learn t repeat the actins that lead t it.
Hwever, Duhaime stresses that ur brains are nt prgrammed t keep buying mre and mre. All humans are different, and ur brains wrk differently depending n ur genetics (遗传性) and ur life experiences. The challenge is that ur brain systems are designed fr shrt-term decisin-making. When we buy smething new, we get rewarded immediately. But the lng-term wrsening f the planet is harder fr the reward centers f ur brains t understand, even if we knw abut it.
And there may be sme ways t break the cycle. The best is nt t stp buying things cmpletely; a better slutin may be t substitute the ld rewards that we knw aren't gd in the lng run with new nes. Fr example, yu can have a glass f milk, which gives yu fewer calries, instead f eating chclate just befre bed fr cmfrt. Once yu start lsing weight, the reward f being able t fit int yur ld clthes feels as gd as what the chclate wuld d. We need that same substitutin fr shpping.
Buying used things culd als help satisfy ur desire t get mre things withut using mre natural resurces. Additinally, creating scial rewards, like encuragement and supprt frm a cmmunity with similar gals, can inspire psitive changes. Humans naturally like t cnnect with thers, and this scial supprt can lead t mre ec-friendly chices.
27.What d yu knw abut human brains frm the passage?
A. The way brains wrk wn't be influenced by life experiences.
B. Neurns play a rle in peple's repeating rewarding behavir.
C. Less dpamine is prduced when peple get psitive utcmes.
D. Brains dn't care abut the shrt-term effects f peple's actins.
28.The wrd "substitute" in Paragraph 5 prbably means "________".
A. take the place fB. lk frward t
C. get ready frD. make up fr
29.The writer prbably agrees that ________.
A. ver-shpping harms the develpment f the human brain
B. keeping buying gets in the way f peple finding happiness
C. the planet is free frm the influence f peple's buying behavir
D. creating scial rewards can help peple reduce the desire t ver-shp
30.What is the writer's main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T explain why ver-shpping is nt a persnal weakness.
B. T shw hw dpamine makes peple crazy abut shpping.
C. T guide peple t make ec-friendly chices when shpping.
D. T encurage peple t buy used things t prtect the envirnment.
四、任务型阅读-简答：本大题共1小题，共10分。
31. Inner painting, a kind f traditinal Chinese art, is marked as a natinal-level intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). Inner painting artists traditinally create wrks n the inner surface f the glass bttle by using special fine brushes that can enter the tiny bttles. It has a lng histry and is mainly divided int fur majr schls: Beijing, Hebei, Shandng, and Guangdng.
When we lk at the inner painting f an bject, we experience an indescribable beauty. Patterns n the painting ften symblize peple's wishes fr gd luck and a happy life. The mst marketable nes are landscapes (风景), fllwed by flwers and birds.
The prductin f inner painting is difficult because it requires high precisin (精确) and the prcess f painting is ttally reversed (反向的). During painting, there is n rm fr crrectins. And a shaky hand leads t mistakes. Only thse skilled and cnfident in their abilities can paint well. Mst artists need t learn inner painting fr years befre creating great and fine pieces. Even if they already knw hw t paint, they need t practice drawing lines frm the beginning when they start inner painting.
Inner painting has its advantages due t its uniqueness (独特性), but it als faces challenges such as limited market needs, and a shrtage f learners and talented artists t drive its develpment.
Luckily, tday's artists are trying t make inner painting mre included in ur lives. It is nw used n everyday bjects, like tea sets and flding screens. One f the artists invented a new type f brush, which imprved the speed f drawing. Sme yung artists are making use f scial media t help mre peple learn abut inner painting skills.
Lking ahead t the future, the inner painting artists wish the art t be mre available t the public, and win high market acceptance. They als hpe inner painting curses can be ffered at schl fr yung peple t take.
(1) Where d inner painting artists traditinally create their wrks?__________________________________________________________________
(2) What d patterns n the inner painting ften symblize? __________________________________________________________________
(3) Hw are sme yung artists helping mre peple learn abut inner painting skills? __________________________________________________________________
(4) If yur schl ffers an inner painting curse, wuld yu like t take it r nt? Why? (Please give tw reasns.) __________________________________________________________________
五、信息匹配：本大题共3小题，共6分。
Weekend Activities
____1____ I enjy painting and creating wrks f art with varius materials.
____2____ I just finished middle schl and I dn't knw what t d with the things I n lnger use.
____3____
I've recently mved int a new neighbrhd and Iˈd like t meet my neighbrs.
32.A. AB. BC. CD. D
33.A. AB. BC. CD. D
34.A. AB. BC. CD. D
六、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共10分。
35.假设你是李华。你的好朋友Peter正在参与筹备他们学校的“校园劳动日”活动，他写信向你征求创意。请你用英语给他写一封回信，提供一些活动创意并说明理由。
提示词语：clean up, repair, garden, fun, respnsibility
提示问题：● What activities wuld yu like t suggest?
● Why d yu suggest s?
Dear Peter,
I'm excited t hear that yuˈre rganizing activities fr Schl Service Day.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I d hpe that my suggestins will be helpful.
Yurs,
Li Hua
36.假设你是李华。某英文网站正在开展以“学以致用”为主题的征文活动。请用英语写一篇短文投稿，分享一次你运用所学解决实际问题的经历，并谈谈你的收获。
提示词语：skill, make use f, cnnect, imprve, meaningful
提示问题：● What experience can yu share abut putting what yu've learned int practice?
● What have yu learned frm it?
It's imprtant t put what we've learned int practice. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】句意：琳达和她的姐姐都是书迷。她们经常在图书馆看书。She她；They她/他/它们；We我们；Yu你，你们。根据Linda and her sister可知，此处指代琳达与她的姐姐两人，应用第三人称的复数they指代。故选B。
2.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我们乘7点的公共汽车好吗？——好的。音乐会在7:30开始。我们可以准时到达。in用于表示较长的时间，如年份、月份、季节、世纪等；n用于表示具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；at用于表示具体的时刻或几点几分； t朝，向。由于空格后是7:30，所以要用at。故选C。
3.【答案】D
【解析】句意：——我今天必须报名参加学校音乐节吗？——不，你不需要。明天是报名的最后一天。can't不能；shuldn't不应该；mustn't禁止；needn't不需要。根据N可知，此处作否定回答。回答以Must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn't或dn't have t。故选D。
4.【答案】B
【解析】句意：汤姆每天练习篮球，他比以前打得更好了。well好地（副词）；better更好（比较级）；best最好（最高级）；the best最好（最高级）。根据than可知，空格处应用比较级。故选B。
5.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——从我们学校到太空博物馆有多远？——大约五公里。Hw sn询问“多久之后”，通常用于将来时态，回答一般用“in + 一段时间”；Hw lng询问“多长时间”，既可以询问时间段，也可以询问物体的长度；Hw far询问“多远”，表示距离；Hw much询问“多少”，可以询问数量、价格等。根据It's abut five kilmeters.可知，此处对距离提问，疑问词应用Hw far“多远”。故选C。
6.【答案】D
【解析】句意：游泳前记得做热身运动，否则你可能会受伤。s“所以”，表示因果关系；and“和，并且”，连接两个并列的成分或句子，表示并列关系；but“但是”，表示转折关系；r“或者，否则”，表示选择关系或否定的结果。分析可知，此处用“祈使句+r+简单句”表示结果，其中r表示“否则”。故选D。
7.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——埃里克，请把音乐声关小点。你弟弟在睡觉。——好的，妈妈。我很抱歉。根据Eric, turn dwn the music, please.可知，此处指弟弟正在睡觉，用现在进行时。故选A。
8.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——莉莉，你在家经常做什么家务？——我每天晚饭后洗碗。根据every day可知，此处表示每天都会洗碗，应用一般现在时。故选A。
9.【答案】D
【解析】句意：——吉姆，我一小时前给你打过电话，但你没接，你在做什么？——噢，我当时正在和我父母讨论野餐计划。根据What were yu ding?可知，此处表示过去某一刻正在发生的动作，应用过去进行时，谓语动词的构成为was/were ding。故选D。
10.【答案】C
【解析】句意：自从丽莎来北京后，她已经参观颐和园两次了。根据since she came t Beijing可知，该句是since引导的时间状语从句，主句应用现在完成时，其结构为：have/has+过去分词。故选C。
11.【答案】B
【解析】句意：去年，我们在学校开辟了一个菜园，供学生种植蔬菜。根据a students可知，主语garden“菜园”与动词start“开辟”为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；结合Last year可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词的构成为was/were+过去分词。故选B。
12.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——鲍勃，你能告诉我你为什么想加入科学俱乐部吗？——嗯，我真的很喜欢做实验。根据can yu tell me ... the science club可知，句子是宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除B、D选项；结合答语I really like ding experiments.可知，问句是问原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选A。
13~20.【答案】D、B、A、A、D、A、C、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲述了玛雅和她家族的一个传统，通过具体的事例展现了善良的传承和意义。
1.
句意：1907年11月14日：“在一家养老院做志愿者。”Saved节省；Wasted浪费；Managed管理；Vlunteered志愿。根据句意可知，此处表示在养老院做志愿者。故选D。
2.
句意：不管它有多小。ppular受欢迎的；small小的；unfair不公平的；interesting有趣的。根据Every day, fr generatins (世代), we cmplete ne act f kindness and take it dwn.（世世代代，每一天，我们都完成一项善举并把它记录下来。）可知，空处应表达不管这件事有多小。故选B。
3.
句意：这是一种信念，即通过持续的善意行为，我们可以创造一种自由的生活。freedm自由；balance平衡；purpse目的；discvery发现。根据下文Every day, we find a mment f light thrugh ffering help t thers, even when the wrld arund us is dark.（每一天，即使当我们周围的世界是黑暗的，我们也能通过帮助他人找到片刻的光明。）可知，我们帮助别人从黑暗中找到光明，应是创造了一种自由的生活。故选A。
4.
句意：随着时间的推移，玛雅参加的善举越来越多，从在公交车上安慰一个痛苦的陌生人到组织社区清理。grew逐渐变得；appeared出现；remained仍然；mattered关系。根据frm cmfrting a distressed stranger n the bus t rganizing cmmunity clean-ups（从在公交车上安慰一个痛苦的陌生人到组织社区清理）可知，此处应表达善举越来越多。故选A。
5.
句意：玛雅点了点头，感到困惑。wrried担心的；relaxed放松的；excited兴奋的；cnfused困惑的。根据上文One day, as she sat at a café, a yung wman came t her. "Are yu Maya?"（一天，当她坐在咖啡馆里时，一位年轻女子走向她。“你是玛雅吗？”）可知，有陌生人喊出她的名字她应该是感到困惑。故选D。
6.
句意：现今，我经营着一个组织，为那些来自贫困家庭的学生提供帮助。run经营；need需要；name命名；visit参观。根据句意可知，此处指经营了一个为贫困学生提供帮助的组织。故选A。
7.
句意：“我想继续做下去，奶奶。”praise表扬；reprt汇报；cntinue继续；remember记住。根据Maya handed the calendar ver. She knew the traditin wuld live n.（玛雅把日历递了过去。她知道这个传统会延续下去。）可知，应表达她想继续干这件事。故选C。
8.
句意：玛雅去世多年后，该镇为纪念她建造了一座雕像，基座上写着：为了深切缅怀玛雅以及在她之前的那些世代，他们坚信着日常善举的力量。changes改变；kindness善良；happiness幸福；achievements成就。根据第四段Every day, fr generatins (世代), we cmplete ne act f kindness and take it dwn.（世世代代，每一天，我们都完成一项善举并把它记录下来。）可知，此处应表达相信日常善举的力量。故选B。
21~23.【答案】A、C、D
【解析】【文章大意】文章主要讲述了卡特一开始不理解爷爷把滑浪板作为爱好，觉得很怪异，但后来看到爷爷在海浪中娴熟地驾驭滑浪板，他才意识到爷爷其实很了不起，最后卡特对爷爷的态度发生了转变，并希望自己也能像爷爷一样。文章表达了对爷爷独特爱好的理解和对他的敬佩之情。
1.
根据第一段"Why can't Grandpa just be nrmal? Why des he take waveski as a hbby? It's s weird (怪异的)," Carter asked Grandma.（“为什么爷爷不能正常一点呢？为什么他把冲浪板当爱好？这太奇怪了。”卡特问奶奶。）可知，卡特觉得爷爷很怪异是因为爷爷有一个特殊的爱好。故选A。
2.
根据第十一段Nw, he was riding the wave, mving fast. Carter was amazed. Grandpa was ttally in cntrl.（现在，他正在驾驭海浪，快速移动。卡特惊呆了。爷爷完全掌控着局面。）和第十二段Carter nw realized his grandpa wasn't weird at all. He was amazing. Abslutely amazing!（卡特现在意识到他的爷爷一点也不奇怪。他太了不起了。绝对了不起！）可推知，当爷爷乘风破浪快速前进时，卡特开始理解他的爷爷。故选C。
3.
根据倒数第二段"D yu think I can be the ne riding waves like him?"（“你觉得我能像他一样驾驭海浪吗？”）可知，卡特问奶奶他是否能像爷爷那样乘风破浪。由此推知，卡特可能会要爷爷教他冲浪这项运动。故选D。
24~26.【答案】A、B、A
【解析】【文章大意】文章主要讲述了冥想是如何控制注意力的，以及冥想对认知能力的影响，包括让冥想者更好地集中注意力、改变思维、增强大脑网络的沟通能力等。同时还提到了冥想需要长期坚持和努力，科技可以提供帮助，但要谨慎选择数字冥想应用程序。
1.
根据第一段Meditatrs are really gd at using several cgnitive abilities t stay fcused.（冥想者非常擅长运用多种认知能力来保持专注。）可知，当人们冥想时，他们试图控制自己的注意力。故选A。
2.
根据第三段As a result, meditatrs get better at fcusing their attentin away frm negative thughts and feelings and putting themselves int a gd md.（这样，冥想者能够更好地将注意力从消极的思想和感受上转移开，并让自己处于良好的情绪状态。）可知，冥想可以让人们有更快乐的心情。故选B。
3.
通读全文，尤其根据第一段While meditatrs have lng experienced its benefits, science nly recently discvered that the mental effrt f meditatin is gd exercise fr the brain.（尽管冥想者长期以来都体验到了其益处，但科学只是在最近才发现冥想这种心智努力对大脑是很好的锻炼。）以及第三段Meditatin can even change the way that meditatrsˈ brain netwrks cmmunicate, by bringing new, helpful brain areas int the cnversatin r getting rid f a brain area that is t lud and distracting (分心的). （冥想甚至可以改变冥想者大脑网络的沟通方式，通过引入新的、有益的大脑区域参与对话，或者去除过于嘈杂且分散注意力的大脑区域。）可知，文章主要介绍了冥想对大脑有什么好处。故选A。
27~30.【答案】B、A、D、C
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要分析了人们过度购物的科学原理，并说明人们可以通过利用这种原理来改变购物习惯。
1.
根据第三段Tday, we have sme 86 billin neurns (神经元) in the brain cntinuusly wrking t strengthen rewarding behavir—a kind f actin that results in a psitive utcme, which makes a persn want t d it again.（如今，我们的大脑中有大约860亿个神经元在持续工作，以强化有益行为——这种行为能带来积极结果，让人想再次这样做。）可知，我们大脑中约有860亿个神经元不断努力加强奖励行为，这使得人们会想要重复受到奖励的行为。由此推知，神经元在人们重复奖励行为中发挥着作用。故选B。
2.
根据第五段Fr example, yu can have a glass f milk, which gives yu fewer calries, instead f eating chclate just befre bed fr cmfrt.（比如，你可以喝一杯牛奶，它的卡路里更少，而不是在睡前为了舒适而吃巧克力。）可知，此处列举了一个例子：在睡前用喝牛奶来代替吃巧克力。由此猜测，substitute意为take the place f“代替”。故选A。
3.
根据最后一段Additinally, creating scial rewards, like encuragement and supprt frm a cmmunity with similar gals, can inspire psitive changes.（此外，创造社会奖励，比如来自有相似目标的社区的鼓励和支持，能激发积极的变化。）可知，创造社会奖励可以激发积极的变化。由此推测，作者可能会赞同创造社会奖励可以帮助人们减少过度购物的欲望。故选D。
4.
根据第二段Minding the Climate: Hw Neurscience Can Help Slve Our Envirnmental Crisis（《关注气候：神经科学如何帮助解决我们的环境危机》），第四段Hwever, Duhaime stresses that ur brains are nt prgrammed t keep buying mre and mre.（然而，杜海姆强调，我们的大脑并非被编程为持续不断地购买更多东西。），第五段The best is nt t stp buying things cmpletely; a better slutin may be t substitute the ld rewards that we knw aren't gd in the lng run with new nes.（最好的做法不是完全停止购买东西；一个更好的解决方案可能是用新的奖励来替代我们知道从长远看不好的旧奖励。）和最后一段Buying used things culd als help satisfy ur desire t get mre things withut using mre natural naturally like t cnnect with thers, and this scial supprt can lead t mre ec-friendly chices.（购买二手物品也能帮助满足我们获取更多东西而不使用更多自然资源的欲望。此外，创造社会奖励，比如来自有相似目标的社区的鼓励和支持，能激发积极的变化。人类自然喜欢与他人联系，这种社会支持能带来更环保的选择。）可知，文中反复提到了神经元、购物和环境保护之间的关系，我们可以采用更环保的方式来代替购物促使神经元分泌多巴胺，或者购买二手货物来满足我们的购物欲望。由此推测，作者的写作目的是引导人们在购物时做出环保的选择。故选C。
31.【答案】【小题1】
They create wrks n the inner surface f the glass bttle.
【小题2】
They symblize peple's wishes fr gd luck and a happy life.
【小题3】
By making use f scial media.
【小题4】
I'd lve t take it. Because inner painting is a kind f traditinal Chinese art and patterns n the painting ften symblize peple's wishes fr gd luck and a happy life.
【解析】1.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了内画这一传统艺术，包括它的历史、流派、特点、制作难度、面临的挑战以及当下艺术家为推动其发展所做的努力，同时表达了对其未来发展的期望。
根据第一段Inner painting artists traditinally create wrks n the inner surface f the glass bttle by using special fine brushes that can enter the tiny bttles.（在传统上，内画艺术家使用能够进入小瓶的特殊细刷，在玻璃瓶的内表面创作作品。）可知，内画艺术家通过使用特殊的细刷在玻璃瓶的内表面创作作品。故填They create wrks n the inner surface f the glass bttle.。
2.
根据第二段Patterns n the painting ften symblize peple's wishes fr gd luck and a happy life.（画上的图案常常象征着人们对好运和幸福生活的美好愿望。）可知，画中的图案往往象征着人们对好运和幸福生活的祝愿。故填They symblize peple's wishes fr gd luck and a happy life.。
3.
根据第五段Sme yung artists are making use f scial media t help mre peple learn abut inner painting skills.（一些年轻的艺术家正在利用社交媒体帮助更多人了解内画技巧。）可知，一些年轻艺术家正在利用社交媒体帮助更多人了解内画技巧。故填By making use f scial media.。
4.
开放性问题，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为I'd lve t take it. Because inner painting is a kind f traditinal Chinese art and patterns n the painting ften symblize peple's wishes fr gd luck and a happy life.。
32~34.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】1.
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了三个人物及四个周末活动。
根据Annie: I enjy painting and creating wrks f art with varius materials.可知，安妮喜欢用各种材料绘画和创作艺术作品；C项“收集树叶做艺术品。在当地公园散步，收集落叶。当你回到家时，根据你的喜好，用不同颜色和形状的叶子创作艺术品。你可以切割、绘制或粘贴它们。准备好为自己的工作感到惊讶吧。”与之对应。故选C。
2.
根据Peter: I just finished middle schl and I dn't knw what t d with the things I n lnger use.可知，彼得刚中学毕业，不知道如何处理自己不用的东西；B项“举办庭院拍卖会。整理你的家，计划一个庭院拍卖会。选择你不需要的东西，比如旧书、衣服和玩具。清洁、整理和定价。你甚至可以在线或使用海报宣传销售。出售后，为什么不把钱捐给慈善机构呢？”与之对应。故选 B。
3.
根据Harry: I've recently mved int a new neighbrhd and I'd like t meet my neighbrs.可知，哈里最近搬到了一个新社区，他想认识一下邻居；D项“给邻居送食物。做一些美味的菜肴，并将它们包装得很好。带它们去拜访你的邻居，或者把盘子放在他们家门口，并附上一张善意的便条，给他们一个惊喜。”与之对应。故选D。
35.【答案】Dear Peter,
I'm excited t hear that yu're rganizing activities fr Schl Service Day. And I'd like t share sme ideas with yu.
①First, I think it's a gd idea t rganize clean-up activities.②Fr example, students can clean the classrm and playgrund, which can make the schl much cleaner and mre beautiful. What's mre, yu can ask students t repair the brken desks and chairs. It will be great fun. Mrever, yu can arrange fr students t water the garden. ③They will feel a strng sense f respnsibility t beautify the schl.
I d hpe that my suggestins will be helpful.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
【思路点拨】
本文是一篇提示作文，给好朋友Peter提供一些关于“校园劳动日”活动的创意想法并说明理由。写作时可结合提示词语和提示问题进行语言组织，注意多人称的使用，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。注意不要遗漏提示信息，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。适当使用连接词，以使行文连贯。
【亮点词汇】
① 和……分享……
② What's mre 另外
③ arrange fr 安排
④ water the garden 给花园浇水
⑤ feel a strng sense f respnsibility 有强烈的责任感
⑥ beautify the schl 美化学校
【高分句型】
① First, I think it's a gd idea t rganize clean-up activities.（that引导宾语从句，that省略；it作形式主语）
② Fr example, students can clean the classrm and playgrund, which can make the schl much cleaner and mre beautiful.（which引导非限制性定语从句）
③ They will feel a strng sense f respnsibility t beautify the schl.（动词不定式作定语）
【结构布局】
引言：表明写作意图。借用“我想和你分享一些想法”来引出重点介绍的内容
中心：具体阐述写作内容。从“清洁活动、修理活动、给花园浇水活动等”几个方面重点介绍
结尾：书写结语。表达“希望建议能有所帮助”的愿望
36.【答案】 It's imprtant t put what we've learned int practice.
Last summer hliday, I learned sme first aid knwledge such as CPR and Heimlich Maneuver. One day, my little sister was chked by a candy and culdn't breathe. ①Seeing this, I thught f what I learnt last summer hliday shrtly. Then, I std behind my sister and applied pressure t her abdmen. Frtunately, the candy in her thrat was spit ut. At last, I called 120 fr further check.
②Frm this experience, I have learned the imprtance f the cmbinatin f thery and practice, which nt nly enables us t have a better understanding f what we have learned, but als makes cntributins t ur sciety.
【解析】【思路点拨】
【思路点拨】
本文是一篇提示作文，分享一次你运用所学解决实际问题的经历，并谈谈你的收获。写作时，人称以第一人称为主，时态以一般过去时为主。根据所给提示问题完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。
【亮点词汇】
① first aid 急救
② such as 例如
③ think f 想起
④ apply ... t... 将……运用……
⑤ spit ut 吐出
⑥ enable sb. t d sth. 使某人能够做某事
⑦ make cntributins t 为……做出贡献
【高分句型】
① Seeing this, I thught f what I learnt last summer hliday shrtly. ​​​​​​（现在分词作状语；what引导宾语从句）
② Frm this experience, I have learned the imprtance f the cmbinatin f thery and practice, which nt nly enables us t have a better understanding f what we have learned, but als makes cntributins t ur sciety.（which引导非限定性定语从句；what引导宾语从句）
【结构布局】
引言：表明写作意图
中心：介绍自己学以致用的一次经历
结尾：阐述自己的感受
A
Enjy a Night f Singing
Plan a party and sing yur favrite sngs with friends r family. Pick catchy sngs, design sme games, take turns t sing, and have fun create a cmfrtable envirnment with snacks and laughter fr a memrable evening.
B
Have a Yard Sale
Tidy up yur hme and plan a yard sale. Chse things yu dn't need—like ld bks, clthes and tys. Clean, rganize, and price them. Yu can even advertise the sale nline r with psters. After the sale why nt dnate the mney t charities?
C
Cllect Leaves fr Artwrks
Take a walk in a lcal park and cllect fallen leaves. When yu get hme, create artwrks with leaves f different clrs and shapes as yu like. Yu can cut, paint, r stick them. Get prepared t be amazed at yur wn wrk.
D
Bring a Meal t Neighbrs
Ck sme delicius dishes, and pack them nicely. Take them t visit yur neighbrs r surprise them by leaving the dishes at their drsteps with a kind nte.
It's a great way t strengthen the relatinship with yur neighbrs.