山东省淄博市2024届高三下学期一模英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份山东省淄博市2024届高三下学期一模英语试卷(含答案)，共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Gd evening everyne!
I hpe t pick yur brain n ptential advertising strategies and gaining new custmers fr my byfriend’s car repair shp.
He has been in business fr 3 years and is fairly successful, but we are trying t increase the number f chargeable hurs. While he was ding repair wrk, I tk ver all the administrative duties. The first thing n my t-d list was t get him n scial media. I was flred that he had n scial media presence, which is nt surprising cnsidering he is ld schl.
Nw, he has a business Facebk page and an Instagram accunt, althugh it may nt be wrth much yet. We are wrking n a weekly “feature” fr bth platfrms in rder t create sme interest.
He desn’t want t d cupns (优惠券) r discunts r anything like that, and I understand why. His labr rate is already significantly lwer than anyne else in the area, and his verall csts are lwer as well. This is where I am a bit lst—hw can we effectively attract mre custmers withut a hk? My guess wuld be fcusing n the value, but I’m nt sure hw well that will wrk ut.
We are cnsidering sending pstcards as well since he already cperates with a few lcal shps wh send their large jbs t him and such. Hwever, I am unsure abut Facebk marketing, but definitely pen.
1．What was scheduled first t prmte business?
A. Wrking ut a weekly feature.B. Increasing chargeable hurs.
C. Establishing his presence nline.D. Visiting his ld schl.
2．Hw might they attract new clients?
A. By raising labr rates.B. By ffering discunts and cupns.
C. By cutting verall csts.D. By highlighting the value f services.
3．What is the purpse f the text?
A. T ffer infrmatin.B. T seek advice.
C. T shw advantages.D. T find cperatin.
There was n way t escape when they sptted a plar bear. Verena Mhaupt and a handful f clleagues were trapped n a flating sea ice while the bear gazed at them, smelling the air, a dangerus sign.
“That’s when everything kicks in,” Mhaupt says, “and yu fcus n what’s imprtant.” As a clleague fired int the sky as a warning sht, Mhaupt radied their research ship a few kilmetres away, whse helicpter luckily arrived quickly and Mhaupt didn’t have t use the gun that was hanging ver her shulder.
Keeping a lkut fr bears was a regular duty fr Mhaupt, the lgistics crdinatr(后勤协调员) fr a year-lng missin knwn as the MOSAiC——the largest Arctic research explratin in histry. The prject, cnsisting f rughly 300 scientists, led by scientist MarkusRex, has cllected massive measurements that will help better frecast hw warming will transfrm the glbe in the cming decades. Fr mnths, the explratin perated in cnstant darkness while plar bears wandered nearby, strms rcked the ship and the ice shifted and cracked. Then, when the Sun returned, the ice began t melt, creating a life-threatening risk and a nightmare fr researchers wh needed t keep their instruments frm sinking.
Tasked with the security f the missin, Mhaupt designed an extensive training curse fr the participants in which they learnt hw t avid the danger, like strm-rcking and ice-cracking. They jumped int a Nrwegian channel in their survival suits and climbed ut f the freezing waters using nly their ice picks. They learnt hw t escape frm a crashed helicpter. And they discussed the psychlgical effects f being far frm hme. Mhaupt brught knitting equipment, yga mats and a vilin fr their men tal health——althugh having been prepared fr the islatin.
Mhaupt didn’t expect a career in plar regins, but says she has always been drawn t the nrth. “She was there t make sure that we were prtected,” says Markus Rex, “Mhaupt is certainly the champin in the field.”
4．Why des the authr mentin a plar bear in the beginning?
A. T shw the threat f bears.B. T tell an interesting stry.
C. T intrduce Mhaupt’s jb.D. T describe the plar scenery.
5．What can we knw frm paragraph 3?
A. The wrking cnditins were tugh.
B. Mhaupt helped t cllect massive data.
C. The explratin went n in ttal darkness.
D. Mhaupt’s duty was t prtect plar bears.
6．Which f the fllwing best describes Mhaupt?
A. Ambitius and brave.B. Passinate and dependent.
C. Cnsiderate and mdest.D. Prfessinal and respnsible.
7．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. A Ptential Danger in the Explratin.
B. A Guardian Angel f Plar Researchers.
C. A Great Scientific Explratin in Histry.
D. A Great Female Scientist in Plar Research.
Chances are yu’ve heard the phrase “like a mth t a flame”——and prbably seen it in actin at a nighttime fire r barbecue, t. It turns ut, hwever, this age-ld saying may nt be quite right. Rather than being attracted t light, mths’ tendency t fly tward brightness is a behaviral respnse t help them determine which way is up, suggests a new study published in the jurnal Nature Cmmunicatins.
T avid falling dwn t the grund, insects need t knw which way is up, says study cauthr Yash Sndhi, a Natinal Gegraphic Explrer. Withut systems t maintain spatial (空间的) rientatin, the brightness f the sky, even at night, has always been a strng indicatr f “up”——until artificial lights came alng. If they mess that up, they start plummeting.
Sndhi and a team f researchers set up experiments t investigate hw different lights influence flight behavir. First, the researchers suspended a light bulb frm a rpe between tw trees—resembling a typical dwnward-pinting light—and in a separate test, they turned the light upward by munting it n a tripd (三脚架). In bth cases, insects leaned their winged backs t the bulb. But when the light was pinted up, the insects ften bumped t the grund.
What if the light is spread ver a wide area? The researchers stretched a large white sheet acrss the tree and prjected a UV light n it. If the insects were truly “attracted” t the light, they shuld fly up tward it. Instead, the insects cruised (巡航) straight thrugh this illuminated crridr, flying hw they wuld during the day. The team then placed the sheet n the grund and shined the light n it, which is when smething truly dd happened: All these mths flying ver it turned upside dwn and crashed ut f the sky. Directinality f light is a huge factr in the pattern we have seen, nt just brightness r clr.
“Artificial lights may cause a mismatch between the insect’s sense f which way is up and true directin f gravity, which spells truble fr insects ppulatin.” says Sndhi.
8．What can be inferred abut “like a mth t a flame” in the new study?
A. A mth is generally attracted by a flame.
B. Artificial lights are valuable fr a mth.
C. Brightness indicates up fr a mth.
D. A mth has a sense f directin.
9．What des the underlined wrd “plummeting” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Crashing.B. Speeding.C. Freezing.D. Suspending.
10．What lights influence insects mst in the experiments?
A. UV lights n the tree.B. Upward-pinting lights.
C. Dwnward-pinting lights.D. Lights f different clrs.
11．What is Sndhi’s attitude tward artificial lights?
A. Cncerned.B. Dismissive.C. Dubtful.D. Neutral.
Wuld yu rather watch a new mvie, r an ld favrite? Wuld yu rather try a dish yu’ve never had at a restaurant, r stick with smething yu knw yu’ll like? Researchers studying the “mere expsure effect” have fund that we ften prefer the familiar ver the nvel.
Peple didn’t need t experience a reward r psitive utcme while arund the bject—simply being expsed t the bject wuld be enugh t make peple like it. T test this, scial psychlgist Rbert Zajnc had participants read wrds in a freign language ut lud and varied hw ften participants read each wrd (up t 25 repetitins). Next, after reading the wrds, participants were asked t guess at the meaning f each wrd by filling ut a rating scale (indicating hw psitive r negative they thught the meaning f the wrd was).
He fund that participants liked wrds that they had said mre ften, while wrds that participants hadn’t read at all were rated mre negatively, and wrds that had been read 25 times were rated highest. Just the me re expsure t the wrd was enugh t make participant s like it mre.
One place where the mere expsure effect ccurs is in advertising. It explains why seeing the same advertisement multiple times culd be mre cnvincing than just seeing it nce. Of curse, there’s a cautin here: the mere expsure effect desn’t happen fr things we initially dislike. Researchers have fund that ur liking fr a variety f things (including pictures, sunds, fds, and smells) can be increased with repeated expsure, suggesting that the mere expsure effect isn’t limited t just ne f ur senses. Additinally, researchers have fund that the mere expsure effect ccurs in studies with human research participants as well as in studies with nn-human animals.
Anther key finding frm this analysis was that participants eventually started t like bject s less after many repeated expsures. In ther wrds, a smaller number f repeated expsures will make yu like smething mre—but, if the repeated expsures cntinue, yu culd eventually get tired f it.
12．What is the key factr in Rbert Zajnc’s test?
A. Frequency.B. Preference.C. Originality.D. Achievement.
13．Which f the fllwing is an example f mere-expsure effect?
A. We favr an advertisement at the first sight.
B. A student jined in the club because f lve.
C. We are mre cnvinced f what we met befre.
D. A student read as many English wrds as pssible.
14．What can we learn abut “mere expsure effect” accrding t paragraph 4?
A. It is the result f advertising.B. It has nthing t d with animals.
C. It is true f what we dislike at first.D. It can be applied t multiple senses.
15．What is the text mainly abut?
A. Mre lve because f mre expsures.
B. The study n mere expsure effect.
C. Better results frm the earlier expsures.
D. The applicatin f mere expsure effect.
二、七选五
16．The Pwer f Peers
D birds f a feather really flck tgether? Peple d tend t chse friends wh are similar t them. Many behavirs spread scially. Activities in certain brain areas change when ther peple are arund. ① Yu can use the pwer f scial relatinships t gain healthier habits — and mtivate thers t d the same.
② Teens are especially respnsive t peer influence. At the same time, the reward system in the teen brain becmes extra sensitive. Teens are just learning t explre the scial wrld. Understanding ther peple’s values and being influenced by them are imprtant parts f scializing.
A research shws that even just having anther peer arund can change the reward respnse in the brain and als the risk-taking tendencies f teenagers. Sme peple seem t be mre easily influenced than thers and mre sensitive t feeling included r excluded by thers. ③ But it’s als a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them mre invlved with their cmmunity r helps them learn behavirs t get alng with thers.
It’s the quality f friendships — nt quantity — that really makes the difference. Friendships yu feel yu want t let g f may be lw quality. ④ High quality friendships prvide understanding, supprt, and recgnitin f yur self-wrth. These types f friendships are mre steady and satisfying.
Spending time with friends can be especially helpful fr peple. Nticing that ur behavir is influenced by ther peple, we can be intentinal and try t fcus n the peple wh are ding the things we want t get int urselves. ⑤
A. Adlescence is such a risky perid.
B. That can affect what yu chse t d.
C. Peer pressure can smetimes lead t cmpetitin.
D. Peple care abut what thers think acrss all different age grups.
E. They are linked t pr academic perfrmance and behaviral issues.
F. Sharing yur healthy habits culd als make a real difference t thers.
G. The number f friends yu have determines yur level f scial influence.
三、完形填空（15空）
Matthew Weihmuller, a blind jazz instructr, has been teaching peple f different abilities in Tampa fr 10 years. He has 1 perfrmance at using his disability as a teaching tl. One f his teaching methds is t take away ne f the five 2 , requiring perfrmers t lean mre heavily n thers.
“Smething that I d is 3 the lights. They have t listen and 4 their instrument with their fingers and hands. In this way, the students 5 the material better in the dark,” explained Weihmuller.
Being blind has never stpped Weihmuller frm seeking his 6 fr music. When he started playing, he 7 braille (布莱叶盲文) sheet music, and pieces wuld take mnths, even years t learn. 8 , few prfessinals were capable f prviding this music then, s he 9 t “braille” his wn, all the way thrugh cllege. And his 10 paid ff. His nt being able t see and read traditinal sheets f music has allwed him t 11 his ther senses, which is ne f the main 12 he’s s talented at playing jazz music and the 13 that cmes with it.
As an educatr with blindness, Weihmuller 14 turning any disadvantage int an advantage. He hpes that he can 15 thers t deal with their barriers and challenges in the same way that he has. And when they leave his classrm they’re nt nly better musicians but better peple.
17．A. independentB. utstandingC. entertainingD. rdinary
18．A. skillsB. chancesC. respnsibilitiesD. senses
19．A. take verB. put awayC. turn ffD. break up
20．A. feelB. searchC. studyD. perfrm
21．A. enjyB. realizeC. recgnizeD. learn
22．A. curageB. passinC. spiritD. cncern
23．A. affrdedB. recmmendedC. demandedD. presented
24．A. MreverB. InsteadC. MeanwhileD. Otherwise
25．A. happenedB. refusedC. failedD. managed
26．A. servicesB. effrtsC. prmisesD. beliefs
27．A. refuseB. abandnC. perfectD. cmplete
28．A. reasnsB. resultsC. functinsD. purpses
29．A. inventinB. revlutinC. intrductinD. innvatin
30．A. regretsB. emphasizesC. ignresD. imagines
31．A. amuseB. allwC. inspireD. persuade
四、短文填空
32．As scial media has skyrcketed in ppularity in the past years, ① (it) lightning-fast develpment has caused public cncern. Overusing may lead t many serius prblems, such as mental health prblems, ② (reduce) learning time and pr interpersnal quality. Mre and mre kids f all ages are experiencing unease, anxiety and even depressin if they’re separated frm their phnes. YuTube basts (吹嘘) many “funny” vides f kids lsing their temper when screens ③ (take) away. S it’s imprtant t keep a balance between ur life n the screen ④ that in the real wrld.
Trying these unplugged Ds may help. First, set a schedule t put adults, teens and kids back tgether with family, friends and neighbrs ⑤ persn. Yu can try bard games instead f vide games. Secnd, get utside ⑥ (regular) t d hide-and-seek, plant a garden, r just sit and watch the birds. ⑦ (build) ur relatinship with nature increases ur peace, psitivity and well-being, ⑧ brings much benefit. Third, get ff the chair r s fa t walk, bike, stretch and dance! Remind yur bdy it can mve int ther ⑨ (psitin) besides “Lking at Screen”. Last, practice mindfulness and acceptance. Mindfulness is the act f paying attentin t the present mment, withut judgment. Acceptance increases peace within us, unlike scial media interactin, which ⑩ (prmte) self-judgment and ther-judgment.
五、书面表达
33．学校英语俱乐部正在举办线上论坛。本期主题是 Einstein的名言“Try nt t becme a man f success, but rather try t becme a man f value.”。请你用英语写一篇短文参与网上发帖活动, 内容包括:
1.解释这句话的含义;
2. 给合事例谈一下你的理解。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Being a persn f value
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六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the secnd day I left my lvely hmetwn fr the city t live with my grandfather, wh was taking me t the supermarket fr the first time.
“I frgt. Yu’ve never seen a supermarket befre, have yu?”
I shk my head, indicating indifference t the surrundings.
“Imagine it like this,” Grandfather said, “This stre’s speaking t yu. It is telling yu sme f the new things that yu’ve never learned.” I did nt understand.
“A trading pst in a remte twn nly shws yu a small part f the wrld. This stre speaks f a wrld that is a very big place.”
“S I shuld just frget my rts, is that it?” Angry and upset, I was expressing my reluctance t live here.
“Abslutely nt. Carry it with yu, s that yu may freely navigate in bth wrlds, big and small.”
Ignring wrds frm him, my gaze fell n a wman selecting sme green apples. I thught s what if it’s a big wrld, but I’d rather purchase whatever in a trading pst fr they nly stcked ne type f apples, at least all ripe!
Nticing the expressins n my face, Grandfather chuckled. He gracefully walked ver t the table where the green apples were and selected half a dzen.
“Yu’ll get a stmachache if yu cnsume green apples,” I said.
Grandfather appeared as thugh he was ging t laugh again, but he didn’t.
There was n wrd any mre. I fllwed him while Grandfather filled the cart with ur necessities, encuntering numerus new items. I was burning t ask him what thse strange fds were, and what their flavrs and rigins were. Hwever, I kept it in my mind that I was suppsed t be bred and uninterested in anything, thus, keeping silent all the way.
As we exited the supermarket, Grandfather was smiling as if he understd sme private jkes. Abut halfway back, he gestured fr me t stp, bending ver t find the plastic bag.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: He picked ut a green apple.
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Paragraph 2: With his wrds in mind I culdn’t help taking a bite, t. _
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参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由文章第三段中“The first thing n my t-d list was t get him n scial media. I was flred that he had n scial media presence, which is nt surprising cnsidering he is ld schl. (我要做的第一件事就是让他上社交媒体。我很惊讶他没有社交媒体，考虑到他是一个守旧的人，这并不奇怪。)”和第四段“Nw, he has a business Facebk page and an Instagram accunt, althugh it may nt be wrth much yet. We are wrking n a weekly “feature” fr bth platfrms in rder t create sme interest. (现在，他有了一个商业Facebk页面和一个Instagram账户，尽管它可能还不值钱。我们正在为这两个平台每周推出一个“特色”，以引起人们的兴趣。)”可知，作者首先安排了在网上建立男朋友的形象来促进业务。故选C。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。由文章第五段中“This is where I am a bit lst—hw can we effectively attract mre custmers withut a hk? My guess wuld be fcusing n the value, but I’m nt sure hw well that will wrk ut. (这是我有点困惑的地方—我们如何在没有钩子的情况下有效地吸引更多客户?我的猜测是关注价值，但我不确定这能有多好。)”可知，他们通过强调服务的价值吸引新客户。故选D。
3．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“I hpe t pick yur brain n ptential advertising strategies and gaining new custmers fr my byfriend’s car repair shp. (我希望就潜在的广告策略和为我男朋友的汽车修理店争取新客户向你请教。)”可知，这篇文章的目的是寻求建议。故选B。
4．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Keeping a lkut fr bears was a regular duty fr Mhaupt, the lgistics crdinatr(后勤协调员) fr a year-lng missin knwn as the MOSAiC—the largest Arctic research explratin in histry.” (Mhaupt是一名后勤协调员，负责为期一年的MOSAiC任务，这是历史上最大的北极研究探险。) ，并结合前两段对遇到北极熊时，Mhaupt应对方式的描述可知，作者在开头提到北极熊，是为了介绍Mhaupt的工作内容。故选C。
5．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Fr mnths, the explratin perated in cnstant darkness while plar bears wandered nearby, strms rcked the ship and the ice shifted and cracked. Then, when the Sun returned, the ice began t melt, creating a life-threatening risk and a nightmare fr researchers wh needed t keep their instruments frm sinking.” (几个月来，探险一直在黑暗中进行，北极熊在附近游荡，风暴摇晃着船，冰在移动和破裂。然后，当太阳返回时，冰开始融化，对需要防止仪器下沉的研究人员来说，这是一场危及生命的危险和噩梦。) 可知，探险工作的条件非常恶劣。故选A。
6．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Tasked with the security f the missin, Mhaupt designed an extensive training curse fr the participants in which they learnt hw t avid the danger, like strm-rcking and ice-cracking.” (为了确保任务的安全，Mhaupt为参与者设计了一个广泛的培训课程，让他们学习如何避免危险，比如风暴摇晃和冰裂。) 和“They learnt hw t escape frm a crashed helicpter. And they discussed the psychlgical effects f being far frm hme. Mhaupt brught knitting equipment, yga mats and a vilin fr their men tal health—althugh having been prepared fr the islatin.” (他们学会了如何从坠毁的直升机中逃生。他们还讨论了远离家乡的心理影响。Mhaupt带来了编织设备、瑜伽垫和一把小提琴，以帮助他们的人保持心理健康—尽管他们已经为隔离做好了准备。) 可知，Mhaupt有着过硬的专业知识和技能，对工作认真负责。故选D。
7．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段““She was there t make sure that we were prtected,” says Markus Rex, “Mhaupt is certainly the champin in the field.”” (“她在那里确保我们受到保护，”Markus Rex说，“Mhaupt无疑是这个领域的冠军。”) 和全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了Mhaupt这名负责历史上最大的北极研究探险队安全任务的优秀的后勤协调员，她是保护北极探险队成员的天使。故选B。
8．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“Rather than being attracted t light, mths’ tendency t fly tward brightness is a behaviral respnse t help them determine which way is up, suggests a new study published in the jurnal Nature Cmmunicatins.(发表在《自然通讯》杂志上的一项新研究表明，蛾类向明亮方向飞行的倾向不是被光吸引，而是一种行为反应，帮助它们确定向上的方向)”以及第二段的“T avid falling dwn t the grund, insects need t knw which way is up, says study cauthr Yash Sndhi, a Natinal Gegraphic Explrer.(该研究的合著者、国家地理探险家Yash Sndhi说，为了避免摔倒在地，昆虫需要知道哪条路是向上的)”可知，昆虫需要知道哪条路是向上的，而光能够帮助它们确定向上的方向。由此可推知，在新的研究中，“飞蛾扑火”意味着光能够暗示飞蛾向上飞。故选C。
9．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Withut systems t maintain spatial (空间的) rientatin, the brightness f the sky, even at night, has always been a strng indicatr f “up”—until artificial lights came alng. (没有系统来维持空间方向，即使在晚上，天空的亮度也一直是“向上”的强烈指示—直到人造灯出现)”可知，飞蛾不能辨别方向，天空的亮度一直指示着它向上飞行。人造灯的出现让他们出现了混乱，所以看到灯光，他们就会撞上去。所以划线单词的意思为“碰撞”。故选A。
10．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“First, the researchers suspended a light bulb frm a rpe between tw trees—resembling a typical dwnward-pinting light—and in a separate test, they turned the light upward by munting it n a tripd (三脚架). In bth cases, insects leaned their winged backs t the bulb. But when the light was pinted up, the insects ften bumped t the grund.(首先，研究人员将一个灯泡悬挂在两棵树之间的绳子上—类似于典型的向下指向的灯—在另一项测试中，他们将灯泡安装在三脚架上，将其向上转动。在这两种情况下，昆虫都把它们的翅膀背靠在球茎上。但当光线指向上方时，昆虫经常会撞到地上)”可知，向上指示的光线最能影响昆虫。故选B。
11．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后第一段““Artificial lights may cause a mismatch between the insect’s sense f which way is up and true directin f gravity, which spells truble fr insects ppulatin.” says Sndhi.(“人造光可能会导致昆虫对向上方向和真实重力方向的感觉不匹配，这给昆虫种群带来了麻烦。”Sndhi说)”可推知，Sndhi对人造光对昆虫的影响是担心的。故选A。
12．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“T test this, scial psychlgist Rbert Zajnc had participants read wrds in a freign language ut lud and varied hw ften participants read each wrd(up t 25 repetitins). (为了验证这一点，社会心理学家Rbert Zajnc让参与者大声朗读一门外语中的单词，并改变参与者阅读每个单词的频率 (最多重复25次) )。”可知，Rbert Zajnc测试的关键因素是频率。故选A。
13．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Researchers studying the “mere expsure effect” have fund that we ften prefer the familiar ver the nvel. (研究“曝光效应”的研究人员发现，我们往往更喜欢熟悉的东西，而不是新奇的东西。)”可知，C选项“我们更相信以前遇见的”是曝光效应的例子。故选C。
14．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Researchers have fund that ur liking fr a variety f things(including pictures, sunds, fds, and smells) can be increased with repeated expsure, suggesting that the me re expsure effect isn’t limited t just ne f ur senses. (研究人员发现，我们对各种事物 (包括图片、声音、食物和气味) 的喜爱程度可以通过反复接触而增强，这表明重复接触效应并不局限于我们的一种感官。)”可知，“曝光效应”可以应用于多种感官。故选D。
15．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Wuld yu rather watch a new mvie, r an ld favrite? Wuld yu rather try a dish yu’ve never had at a restaurant, r stick with smething yu knw yu’ll like? Researchers studying the “mere expsure effect” have fund that we ften prefer the familiar ver the nvel. (你想看一部新电影，还是老电影? 你是宁愿尝试你从未在餐馆吃过的菜肴，还是坚持吃你知道你会喜欢的东西? 研究“曝光效应”的研究人员发现，我们往往更喜欢熟悉的东西，而不是新奇的东西。)”结合本文介绍了曝光效应，即一种我们会偏好自己熟悉的事物心理现象。本文阐述了曝光效应的提出，应用以及原理。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是曝光效应的研究。故选B。
16．答案：BDAEF
解析：①上文“Peple d tend t chse friends wh are similar t them. (人们确实倾向于选择与自己相似的朋友)”和“Activities in certain brain areas change when ther peple are arund. (当其他人在身边时，某些大脑区域的活动会发生变化)”讲志趣相投的朋友在身边，你的某些大脑区域的活动会发生变化，该空应该承接上文讲发生变化后会产生什么样的结果，才能引出下文“Yu can use the pwer f scial relatinships t gain healthier habits — and mtivate thers t d the same. (你可以利用社会关系的力量来养成更健康的习惯，并激励他人也这样做)”讲人们可以选择利用此类社会关系的力量改变自己、于自己有益， B选项“这会影响你的选择。”切合语境。故选B项。
②由下文“Teens are especially respnsive t peer influence. (青少年对同伴的影响特别敏感)”和常识可知，人敏感是因为在意别人的看法，结合下文出现了“青少年”，该空应该引出各年龄阶段都会有因在意别人看法而变得敏感的人的内容，D选项“不同年龄段的人都关心别人的想法。”切合语境。故选D项。
③由上文“A research shws that even just having anther peer arund can change the reward respnse in the brain and als the risk-taking tendencies f teenagers. Sme peple seem t be mre easily influenced than thers and mre sensitive t feeling included r excluded by thers. (一项研究表明，即使身边有另一个同伴，也会改变大脑中的奖励反应，以及青少年的冒险倾向。有些人似乎比其他人更容易受到影响，对被他人包容或排斥的感觉更敏感)”可知，青少年有冒险倾向，易受影响，对被他人包容或排斥的感觉更敏感，这都是在讲青少年时期不好的地方，A选项“青春期是一个非常危险的时期。”切合语境，与下文“But it’s als a time that peer influence can help teens thrive if it gets them mre invlved with their cmmunity r helps them learn behavirs t get alng with thers. (但如果同伴的影响能让青少年更多地参与社区或帮助他们学习与他人相处的行为，那么同伴的影响也能帮助他们茁壮成长)”讲青少年也能成为积极力量形成对比。故选A项。
④结合下文“High quality friendships prvide understanding, supprt, and recgnitin f yur self-wrth. These types f friendships are mre steady and satisfying. (高质量的友谊提供对自我价值的理解、支持和认可。这些类型的友谊更稳定、更令人满意)”描述了什么是高质量的友谊，可推知该空应该承接上文“Friendships yu feel yu want t let g f may be lw quality. (你觉得想要放弃的友谊可能质量很低)”讲低质量的友谊是怎么样的，E选项“它们与学习成绩不佳和行为问题有关。”切合语境，上下文形成对比。故选E项。
⑤由上文“Spending time with friends can be especially helpful fr peple. Nticing that ur behavir is influenced by ther peple, we can be intentinal and try t fcus n the peple wh are ding the things we want t get int urselves. (与朋友共度时光对人们尤其有帮助。注意到我们的行为受到他人的影响，我们可以有意识地把注意力集中在那些正在做我们想做的事情的人身上)”可知，同龄人相处有积极作用，青少年可以通过相处交流对他人产生影响，F选项“分享你的健康习惯也会对他人产生真正的影响。”切合语境。故选F项。
17．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在利用自己的残疾作为教学工具方面表现出色。A. independent独立的；B. utstanding杰出的，出色的；C. entertaining娱乐的；D. rdinary普通的。根据后文的““Smething that I d is _____ the lights. They have t listen and _____ their instrument with their fingers and hands. In this way, the students _____ the material better in the dark,” explained Weihmuller.”和“As an educatr with blindness, Weihmuller_____ turning any disadvantage int an advantage.”可知，他在利用自己的残疾作为教学工具方面表现出色，具有创新性，作为一名盲人教育工作者，Weihmuller强调化劣势为优势。故选B项。
18．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的教学方法之一是剥夺五种感官中的一种，要求表演者更多地依赖他人。A. skills技能；B. chances机会；C. respnsibilities责任；D. senses感觉。根据后文的“Smething that I d is _____ the lights. They have t listen and _____ their instrument with their fingers and hands. In this way, the students _____ the material better in the dark,” explained Weihmuller.”可知，Weihmuller做的事情是关灯。学生必须用手指和手倾听和感受他们的乐器。可推知，他的教学方法之一是剥夺五种感官中的一种。故选D项。
19．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我做的事情是关灯。A. take ver接管；B. put away收起；C. turn ff关闭；D. break up分手。根据后文的“the lights. They have t listen and _____ their instrument with their fingers and hands.”可知，学生必须用手指和手倾听和感受他们的乐器。可推知，Weihmuller做的事情是关灯。故选C项。
20．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们必须用手指和手倾听和感受他们的乐器。A. feel感觉，感受；B. search搜索；C. study研究；D. perfrm表演。根据后文的“their instrument with their fingers and hands”可知，Weihmuller做的事情是关灯，所以学生必须用手指和手倾听和感受他们的乐器。故选A项。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我做的事情是关灯。他们必须用手指和手倾听和感受他们的乐器。通过这种方式，学生们在黑暗中更好地了解材料，”Weihmuller解释道。A. enjy享受；B. realize实现；C. recgnize识别；D. learn学习，了解。根据后文的“the material better in the dark”可知，学生必须用手指和手倾听和感受他们的乐器，从而能更好地了解材料。故选D项。
22．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：双目失明从未阻止Weihmuller追求他对音乐的热情。A. curage勇气；B. passin激情；C. spirit精神；D. cncern关心。根据后文的“fr music”和“When he started playing, he _____ braille (布莱叶盲文) sheet music, and pieces wuld take mnths, even years t learn. _____ , few prfessinals were capable f prviding this music then, s he _____ t “braille” his wn, all the way thrugh cllege.”可知，作为盲人，他的演奏之路非常艰难，可见双目失明从未阻止Weihmuller追求他对音乐的热情。故选B项。
23．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他开始演奏时，他需要盲文乐谱，而一些曲子需要几个月甚至几年的时间才能学会。A. affrded提供；B. recmmended推荐；C. demanded需要；D. presented提出。根据前文的“Being blind has never stpped Weihmuller”和后文“braille (布莱叶盲文) sheet music”可知，他是盲人，所以需要盲文乐谱。故选C项。
24．答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，当时很少有专业人士有能力提供这种音乐，所以他设法自己“点字”，一直到大学。A. Mrever此外，而且；B. Instead取而代之的是；C. Meanwhile同时；D. Otherwise否则。根据前文的“When he started playing, he _____ braille (布莱叶盲文) sheet music, and pieces wuld take mnths, even years t learn.”和后文“few prfessinals were capable f prviding this music then”可知，前后文构成递进关系，进一步叙述了他遇到的困难，用Mrever。故选A项。
25．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，当时很少有专业人士有能力提供这种音乐，所以他设法自己“点字”，一直到大学。A. happened发生；B. refused拒绝；C. failed失败；D. managed设法做。根据前文的“few prfessinals were capable f prviding this music then”和后文“t “braille” his wn”可知，当时很少有专业人士有能力提供这种音乐，所以他设法自己“点字”。故选D项。
26．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的努力得到了回报。A. services服务；B. effrts努力；C. prmises承诺；D. beliefs信仰。根据前文“t “braille” his wn, all the way thrugh cllege.”和后文的“His nt being able t see and read traditinal sheets f music has allwed him t _____ his ther senses, which is ne f the main _____ he’s s talented at playing jazz music and the _____ that cmes with it.”可知，他无法看到和阅读传统乐谱，这使他的其他感官得以完善，这也是他在演奏爵士乐和随之而来的创新方面如此有天赋的主要原因之一。所以他的努力得到了回报。故选B项。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他无法看到和阅读传统乐谱，这使他的其他感官得以完善，这也是他在演奏爵士乐和随之而来的创新方面如此有天赋的主要原因之一。A. refuse拒绝；B. abandn放弃；C. perfect完美；D. cmplete完成。根据前文的“his ther senses, which is ne f the main _____ he’s s talented at playing jazz music and the _____ that cmes with it.”可知，无法看到和阅读传统乐谱，这反倒使他的其他感官得以完善。故选C项。
28．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他无法看到和阅读传统乐谱，这使他的其他感官得以完善，这也是他在演奏爵士乐和随之而来的创新方面如此有天赋的主要原因之一。A. reasns原因；B. results结果；C. functins功能；D. purpses目的。根据前文的“His nt being able t see and read traditinal sheets f music has allwed him t _____ his ther senses, which is ne f the main”可知，他无法看到和阅读传统乐谱，这使他的其他感官得以完善，这成为了他后来如此有天赋的主要原因之一。故选A项。
29．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他无法看到和阅读传统乐谱，这使他的其他感官得以完善，这也是他在演奏爵士乐和随之而来的创新方面如此有天赋的主要原因之一。A. inventin发明；B. revlutin革命；C. intrductin介绍；D. innvatin创造。根据前文的“He has _____ perfrmance at using his disability as a teaching tl. One f his teaching methds is t take away ne f the five _____, requiring perfrmers t lean mre heavily n thers.”可知，他在利用自己的残疾作为教学工具方面表现出色。他的教学方法之一是剥夺五种感官中的一种，要求表演者更多地依赖他人。他的教学是创新的。故选D项。
30．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名盲人教育工作者，Weihmuller强调化劣势为优势。A. regrets遗憾；B. emphasizes强调；C. ignres忽略；D. imagines想象。根据后文的“turning any disadvantage int an advantage”可知，Weihmuller强调化劣势为优势，通过剥夺五种感官中的一种，让人们更出色。故选B项。
31．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他希望他能激励其他人以同样的方式处理他们的障碍和挑战。A. amuse (使)娱乐；B. allw允许；C. inspire启发；D. persuade劝说。根据后文的“thers t deal with their barriers and challenges in the same way that he has”可知，他希望他能激励其他人解决生活中的障碍和挑战。故选C项。
32．答案：its；reduced；are taken；and；in；regularly；Building；which；psitins；prmtes
解析：①考查代词。句意：随着社交媒体在过去几年的爆炸式流行，它的闪电般的发展已经引起了公众的关注。根据句意可知，空格处应填形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”，作定语。故答案为its。
②考查非谓语动词。句意：过度使用可能会导致许多严重的问题，如心理健康问题，被减少的学习时间和人际关系质量差。本句谓语为may lead t，此处为非谓语动词，且learning time与reduce“减少”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填reduced。
③考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：YuTube拥有许多“有趣”的视频，视频中孩子们在被拿走屏幕时会发脾气。结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且when引导的时间状语从句的主语screens是复数，与take away“拿走”是被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用are。故答案为are taken。
④考查固定短语。句意：所以在屏幕上和现实世界之间保持平衡是很重要的。between... and“ 在……中间”，为固定短语。故答案为and。
⑤考查固定短语。句意：首先，制定一个时间表，让成年人、青少年和孩子与家人、朋友和邻居面对面地团聚。本空填介词in，in persn“当面，亲自，本人”为固定短语。故答案为in。
⑥考查副词。句意：其次，定期到户外玩捉迷藏，种植花园，或者只是坐着看鸟。本空填副词regularly“定期地”作状语，修饰get utside。故答案为regularly。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意：建立我们与自然的关系会增加我们的平和、积极和幸福，这带来了很多好处。本句谓语为increases，此处为非谓语动词，应用build“建立”的动名词building，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故答案为Building。
⑧考查定语从句。句意：建立我们与自然的关系会增加我们的平和、积极和幸福，这带来了很多好处。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故答案为which。
⑨考查名词的数。句意：提醒你的身体，除了“看屏幕”，它还可以移动到其他位置。本空填名词psitin“位置”，结合ther可知，用复数。故答案为psitins。
⑩考查时态和主谓一致。句意：接纳会增加我们内心的平静，不像社交媒体互动会促进自我判断和他人判断。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Acceptance，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数，故谓语用prmte“促进”第三人称单数形式。故答案为prmtes。
33．答案：
Being a persn f value
What Einstein said means aiming t be a persn f value rather than merely succeeding. I see it as urging us t rethink what matters mst. As a high schl student, success ften links t grades and ppularity. But what if we aim fr mre—a life f value?
Last year, I participated in a fd drive fr the lcal shelter. Instead f merely dnating canned gds, I vlunteered at the shelter. I met peple wh had lst everything. Their stries tuched me deeply. I realized that my time and presence mattered mre than any test scre. What truly cunts is the value we bring t thers.
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以爱因斯坦的名言“Try nt t becme a man f success, but rather try t becme a man f value.”为主题，写一篇短文参加网上的发帖活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
打算做某事：aim t d sth.→intend t d sth.
参加：participate in→take part in
遇到：meet→encunter
感动：tuch→mve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last year, I participated in a fd drive fr the lcal shelter.
拓展句：Last year, I participated in a fd drive fr the lcal shelter, frm which I learned a lt.
【高分句型1】What Einstein said means aiming t be a persn f value rather than merely succeeding. (运用了what引导的主语从句)
【高分句型2】I met peple wh had lst everything. (运用了wh引导的限定性定语从句)
34．答案：
Paragraph 1:
He picked ut a green apple. “Wuld yu like t share it with me?” my grandpa asked, with a smile n his face. “Abslutely nt! I’m sure it’s nt ripe and it will taste terrible,” I replied, shaking my head. He shrugged his shulders and tk a bite f the apple. Watching his chew with enjyment, I began t feel puzzled — Culd a green apple actually be delicius? At that mment, my grandfather said: “Yu need t try it if yu want t knw whether it’s gd r bad. This apple may be different frm what yu expected, and it might surprise yu.”
Paragraph 2:
With his wrds in mind I culdn’t help taking a bite, t. Surprisingly, it wasn’t as unpleasant as I had imagined. Instead, a unique blend f freshness and sweetness emerged. My eyes widened in surprise as I lked at my grandfather, wh, as if everything was within his expectatins, said “Many things in life are like this. We can’t judge them nly by their appearance r initial impressins. Smetimes, we need t take a chance t learn it.” I ndded thughtfully, filled with admiratin fr his wisdm. The green apple taught me the imprtance f explring a new wrld with an pen mind.
解析：本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和爷爷离开了家乡，作者感到在城市里格格不入，爷爷劝说作者去适应，但作者不为所动，作者愤怒又沮丧，购物时看到有人在挑选青苹果，觉得还是呆在偏远城镇好，至少那里的贸易站里的苹果都是熟的，爷爷看到作者注意到青苹果后就选购了一些青苹果，看着爷爷推车里的一些新物品，作者感到好奇，但碍于面子又不好意思问爷爷，要走出超市时，爷爷停下弯腰去找塑料袋。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他拿出一个青苹果。”可知，第一段可描写爷爷邀请作者一起品尝青苹果，作者认为它没熟拒绝吃它，看到爷爷吃得津津有味后，作者感到困惑，爷爷再次劝说作者吃青苹果。
②由第二段首句内容“考虑到他的话，我也忍不住咬了一口。”可知，第二段可描写作者咬完青苹果后惊讶地发现它味道不错，爷爷借此机会告诉作者：不能只凭外表或最初的印象来判断事物，拥有开放的心态去学习、探索。
2.续写线索：爷爷拿出青苹果—邀请作者品尝，作者拒绝—看到爷爷吃得很带劲，作者感到困惑—爷爷再次劝说作者吃青苹果—作者咬了一口—作者惊讶地发现味道不错—爷爷借机教育作者—作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①尝试：try sth./give sth. a sht
②出现：emerge/turn up
③冒险：take a chance/take a risk
情绪类
①困惑的：puzzled/cnfused
②惊讶地：in surprise/in amazement
[高分句型1]. “Abslutely nt! I’m sure it’s nt ripe and it will taste terrible,” I replied, shaking my head. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句和现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]. Yu need t try it if yu want t knw whether it’s gd r bad. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句和whether引导的宾语从句)