译林版高中英语选择性必修第二册UNIT3预习新知早知道1学案

这是一份译林版高中英语选择性必修第二册UNIT3预习新知早知道1学案，共6页。
Ⅰ.匹配词义A．单词匹配(　　)1.physician A．adv. 最终；根本上(　　)2.specialize B．n. 病毒；(计算机程序中的)病毒(　　)3.contract C．vi.& vt. 奋力对付，努力处理；摔跤(　　)4.virus D．n. 医师，内科医生(　　)5.identify E．adj. 反常的，畸形的(　　)6.delete F．vt. 感染(疾病)；与……订立合同 (或契约) n. 合同，合约(　　)7.ultimately G．n. 抵抗力；抵制，反对； 抵抗，反抗(　　)8.abnormal H．vi. 专门研究(或从事)，专攻(　　)9.resistance I．vt.删去，删除(　　)10.wrestle J．vt. 找到，发现；确认，认出； 显示，说明身份[答案]　1－5　DHFBJ　6－10　IAEGCB．短语匹配(　　)1.depend on A．大范围的(　　)2.relate to B．理解；想出；计算出(　　)3.a wide range of C．努力处理，全力解决(　　)4.prohibit sb.from doing sth. D．毫无疑问，的确(　　)5.wrestle with E．准备就绪(　　)6.figure out F．禁止某人做某事(　　)7.put sth.in place G．高龄(　　)8.out of control H．依靠；依赖(　　)9.without doubt I．失控(　　)10.a ripe old age J．涉及，与……相关[答案]　1－5　HJAFC　6－10　BEIDGⅡ.默写单词1．surgeon n. 　外科医生2．affect vt. 影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动3．means n. 方法，方式；财富，钱财4．restore vt. 恢复；修复；使复原，使复位5．fundamental adj. 十分重大的，根本的；基础的，基本的 n. 基本规律，根本法则，基础6．arise vi. 发生，出现；(由……)引起， (因……)产生7．restrict vt. 限制，限定；束缚，妨碍；约束，管束8．prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能9．characteristic n. 特征，特点adj. 典型的，独特的10．debate vt.& vi. 讨论，辩论；仔细考虑，思考 n. 讨论，争论；辩论Ⅰ.语境填空doubt；identify；relate；resistance；specialize；contract；ultimately；abnormal；means；characteristic1．Under the terms of the contract the job should have been finished yesterday.2．Without doubt this was the most important relationship I developed at college.3．The doctor said that their baby was abnormal，which made the couple very worried.4．The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades，and it is driven by a real but very small risk.5．We call on the people related to the case to handle the tough problem by joint efforts.6．In many cases，the clothes people wear identify them as belonging to a particular social class.7．Ultimately means finally, after a long and often complicated series of events.8．This is a two­year course taught by means of lectures and seminars.9．According to the researches done by career experts, many students prefer not to specialize too soon.10．On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．The identification(identify) of something is the recognition that it exists, is important, or is true.2．I owe the restoration (restore) of my hearing to this remarkable new technique.3．If something is said or done in relation(relate) to a subject, it is said or done in connection with that subject.4．A restriction (restrict) is an official rule that limits what you can do or that limits the amount or size of something.5．If you regard someone or something with affection (affect), you like them and are fond of them.课文助读[1]over the course of在……过程中[2]句子为并列句，前分句主干是I am full of excitement, this scientific advance can bring是定语从句，修饰possibilities，省略了引导词that/which；后分句主干是I hope to share my excitement。[3]句子主干是Geneticists have been trying to identify...，which修饰genes；as引导原因状语从句，believe后面是宾语从句，省略了引导词that。[4]a wide range of大范围的[5]early on早些时候[6]句子主干是genome editing will lead to...，serving  eq \a\vs4\al(as...是非谓语动词) 短语作定语。serve as被用作[7]主干是we will be able to use genome editing，后面跟了五个并列的不定式短语，作目的状语。[8]句子主干是We will also be able to select specificcharacteristics，before引导时间状语从句，creating非谓语动词用作状语，后跟what引导的宾语从句。designer babies设计婴儿[9]figure out弄清楚，查明，发现[10]run wild失去控制[11]句子主干为This means putting...，其中putting appropriate controls in place是动名词短语作宾语，to make sure是不定式短语作目的状语，that引导make sure的宾语从句。to our advantage有利于我们[12]and beyond及其以后，及其之外原文呈现The future is in our genesGood afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you all for coming to this lecture. Over the course of [1] my career, I have seen many wonderful scientific developments, but none are as game­changing as genome editing. I am full of excitement about the possibilities this scientific advance can bring and I hope to share my excitement with you today．[2]As many of you may already know, genes play a critical role in shaping our lives. Everything from the colour of our eyes to our talent for maths depends on genes. The complete set of genes inside a cell or a living being is called a genome. Our own personal genome carries all the information needed to make us grow and develop. It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases. Some people, for example, carry a gene that makes them more likely to catch a certain virus or develop a particular form of cancer.Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention．[3] It allows geneticists to make changes to the genome by correcting, adding, deleting or replacing specific parts of the genetic material. In the near future, geneticists hope to apply this technology to treat a wide range of[4] health problems. Soon we may be able to use such treatments to restore a blind person's vision or give someone who was born deaf an excellent sense of hearing.Ultimately, this new technology might even make it possible to prevent diseases from ever developing by correcting abnormal genes early on[5]. Genome editing, serving as a new weapon in the fight against diseases, will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care．[6]As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace, however, questions arise about how to use it appropriately. Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases? Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies? One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human resistance to colds and flus, to make people taller, to help their muscles develop faster, to sharpen all of their senses or to make them more intelligent.[7] We will also be able to select specific characteristics for children before they are born, creating what some have called “designer babies”. [8]However, is this a good thing? What consequences might it have？Philosophers, geneticists and government officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues.We have to figure out[9] how to keep the technology from running wild[10]. This means putting appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage．[11] Without them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control.There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing. Despite the public argument over this technology, its possibilities have been creating much excitement throughout the entire medical community and beyond[12].Without doubt, genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science. Thank you for listening.译文参考未来取决于我们的基因女士们，先生们，下午好。谢谢大家来听这个讲座。在我的职业生涯中，我见证了许多了不起的科学发展，但没有一个能像基因组编辑那样改变游戏规则。我对这一科学进步所带来的可能性充满了兴奋，我希望今天能与你们分享我的兴奋。你们中的很多人可能已经知道，基因在塑造我们的生活中起着至关重要的作用。从眼睛的颜色到我们的数学天赋，一切都取决于基因。细胞或生物体内的整套基因被称为基因组。我们自己的个人基因组携带着使我们成长和发展所需的所有信息。它(基因组)还包含了有助于决定我们寿命长短和影响我们患某些疾病概率的信息。例如，有些人携带一种基因，使他们更容易感染某种病毒或患上某种癌症。遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关，因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。它允许遗传学家通过纠正、增加、删除或替换遗传物质的特定部分对基因组进行修改。在不久的将来，遗传学家希望将这项技术应用于治疗广泛的健康问题。也许我们很快就能利用这些疗法来恢复盲人的视力，或者让先天性耳聋的人拥有敏锐的听力。最终，这项新技术甚至通过早期纠正异常基因使预防疾病的发展成为可能。基因组编辑作为对抗疾病的一种新武器，将使我们的医疗保健方式发生根本性变化。然而，随着这一技术不断迅速发展，出现了如何合理使用它的问题。我们是否应该将这种技术的使用限制在治疗和预防疾病方面？我们是否应该禁止遗传学家使用它(基因组编辑技术)来使健康的身体更加强健？不久的将来，我们将能够使用基因组编辑来增强人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力，使人长得更高，帮助他们的肌肉更快地发育，使他们所有的感官更加敏锐，或使他们更加聪明。我们也将能够在孩子出生前为他们选择特定的特征，创造一些被称为“设计婴儿”的东西。然而，这是一件好事吗？会有什么后果呢？哲学家、遗传学家和政府官员都已开始全力解决这样的道德问题。我们必须弄清楚如何防止该技术失控。这意味着适当的管制要准备到位，以确保基因组编辑会对我们有利。如果没有他们，基因组编辑可能会像失控的汽车一样危险。在基因组编辑这个问题上还有很多有待探索和争论的地方。尽管公众对这项技术争论不休，但它的可能性已经在整个医学界内外引起了极大的兴奋。毫无疑问，基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的创新之一。谢谢大家的聆听。