5 句法考点之宾语从句及定语从句 2024年中考英语二轮专项练习（江苏）

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【题型解读】
宾语从句为中考的必考点，主要在单项选择题中考查，侧重考查其引导词、语序、时态的应用。一般至少会涉及两个考查点：
①引导词相同，语序和时态不同；
②时态一致，语序和引导词不同。而且通常都会在一些固定的句型中涉及，如I wnder，Wuld/Culd yu please tell me, Can yu tell me, D yu knw, I dn’t knw等等。
定语从句是在整个句子中充当定语的句子，他的作用就是用来修饰和限定名词的。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），wh（指人）。指人时可用that或wh，指物时可用that或which，但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列四种：
1. 当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nthing等不定代词时。
2. 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。
3. 当先行词有the nly, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。
4. 当先行词既有人又有物时，用that不用which。
【命题规律】
1. 宾语从句重点考查四个方面，即：时态、语序、引导词和人称。根据宾语从句语义及语法成分确定连接词: when, where, why, whether/if, hw, wh, whm等。宾语从句语法成分齐全时可用that连接，that也可省略。
2. 定语从句关系代词与关系副词的区别。常见的关系代词包括that，which，wh（宾格whm，所有格whse）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
一看指人还是物（指人用that、wh、whm; 指物用that、which）
二看在句中作什么成分（作主语用wh、which、that;作宾语用wh、whm、which、that;作定语用whse;作状语用where、when等）
三看是否属于特殊情况：即引导词只能用that的情况：（先行词是all、smething等不定代词时;先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时;先行词既指人又指物时)
【解题技巧】
做此类试题时，首先从语序着手，宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语+宾语+其他；再从时态考虑，一般情况下，宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致，但是，如果有明显的时间状语，要以时间状语来判断时态；最后，再判断疑问词。
宾语从句的解题技巧
①语序法：看句子是否为陈述语序（特殊情况除外）
②补全法：看句子是否完整，成分有无残缺
定语从句的解题技巧
对于初中阶段，选准关系代词和关系副词。在定语从句中，关系代词和关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分，如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就要用关系副词来连接从句。
（一）宾语从句
【考点诠释】
【典题举隅】
1．Linda, may I knw________ yu will visit yur grandparents?
A．whatB．whenC．hwD．wh
2．Culd yu tell me ________ times I shuld take the medicine in a day?
A．hw lngB．hw ftenC．hw muchD．hw many
3．Can yu imagine ______ in fifty years?
A．what will ur life lk likeB．what ur life will lk like
C．hw will ur life beD．hw ur life will lk like
4．The manager said that he _________ the meeting if t many peple were absent.
A．canceledB．wuld cancelC．will cancelD．had canceled
5．Can yu tell me ________ Paul was late fr that imprtant meeting this mrning?
A．whyB．whatC．whenD．where
6．My cusin has just gne t the gym, but I dn’t knw ________ he will cme back.
A．hw farB．hw lngC．hw snD．hw ften
7．Can yu tell me ________ tmrrw?
A．hw the weather will likeB．hw will the weather like
C．what the weather will be likeD．what will the weather be like
8．Alex said that he ________ his uncle in the cuntryside next weekend.
A．has visitedB．is visitingC．will visitD．wuld visit
9．Emma’s father prmised that they ________ a cruise trip t Eurpe the next summer.
A．will takeB．takeC．wuld takeD．are taking
10．Culd yu please tell me ________?
A．why were yu in such a hurry that day
B．what yu had exactly dne
C．where yu have been these days
D．when we wuld begin ur meeting
（二）定语从句
【考点诠释】
【典题举隅】
1．D yu knw the by ________ is ver there?
A．whB．whichC．whatD．whse
2．This is the best mvie ________ I have seen this year.
A．whenB．whichC．whatD．that
3．—D yu like the weekly talk shw, The Reader, n CCTV?
—Sure. It’s the mst ppular TV prgram ________ brings the habit f reading back int the public.
A．whichB．whC．thatD．what
4．—D yu like the weekly shw, The Reader, n CCTV?
—Sure. It’s a prgramme ________ brings the habit f reading back int the public.
A．whB．thatC．whatD．whm
5．—D yu knw the wman ________ wears a blue skirt?
—Oh, she is my aunt.
A．whichB．whatC．whD．whm
6．—D yu like the weekly talk shw, The Reader, n TV?
—Sure. It’s a great TV prgramme __________ brings the habit f reading back int the public.
A．whatB．thatC．whD．whm
7．Chaka Salt Lake ________ is knwn as Mirrr f the Sky interests mre and mre turists.
A．whereB．whichC．whD．when
8．一Which musician are yu ging t reprt abut, Candy?
一Nie’er. I prefer musicians ___________ can write great music.
A．whB．whatC．hwD．which
9．The bk ________ yu lent me is really exciting and interesting.
A．whB．whichC．whatD．it
10．Jim Smiley was the man ________ filled the frg with lead.
A．whB．whmC．whseD．whever
一、单项选择
1．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Chen Dan, d yu knw ________?
—Bus N.3 will take yu there.
A．what is Star Park likeB．what Star Park is like
C．hw can I get t Star ParkD．hw I can get t Star Park
2．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）Culd yu tell me smething abut Qu Qiubai? I need t knw abut ________.
A．hw many bks did he publishB．that he studied and wrked in Russia
C．which part f Changzhu did he live inD．what freign languages he culd speak
3．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Mike, yur first Dragn Bat Festival in China is cming. Shall we celebrate it tgether?
—I’d lve t, but culd yu tell me ________?
A．what is the meaning f the festival
B．where we wuld have the celebratin
C．hw yu usually celebrate the festival
D．when is this year’s Dragn Bat Festival
4．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）The Yuth Ceremny was held successfully! Culd yu tell me ________?
A．wh will be the hst f itB．in which hall was it held
C．whse shw made yu the mst excitedD．that yu were encuraged by the speech
5．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—I wnder ________.
—My best friend James.
A．hw can yu spend the cming summer hlidays
B．hw yu can spend the cming summer hlidays
C．wh will yu spend the cming summer hlidays with
D．wh yu will spend the cming summer hlidays with
6．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）—Yu knw ________? In 12 hurs!
— That’s crazy. Hw is it even pssible?
A．hw sn we must finish the taskB．hw ften we must finish the task
C．hw sn must we finish the taskD．hw ften must we finish the task
7．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s yu! I didn’t expect yu ________ ver. What a nice surprise!
A．had cmeB．have cmeC．wuld cmeD．will cme
8．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）—I’m wndering ________ at a lw price.
—Yu can bk ne thrugh ur fficial APP.
A．hw I can buy the air ticketB．hw can I buy the air ticket
C．when I can buy the air ticketD．when can I buy the air ticket
9．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）—Sarah, d yu knw ________?
—It’s n April 23.
A．what is Wrld Bk DayB．what Wrld Bk Day is
C．when is Wrld Bk DayD．when Wrld Bk Day is
10．（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）— Mum, I fund a wallet n the bus this mrning.
— I think yu shuld give it t the plice and they may knw ________.
A．hw is the wnerB．wh is the wnerC．hw the wner isD．wh the wner is
11．（2017·江苏淮安·中考真题）—What d yu think f the TV prgramme called Readers?
—Wnderful! It is the best prgramme ________ I have ever watched.
A．whenB．thatC．whatD．wh
12．（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）Agatha Christie was a female writer ________ is cnsidered the queen f crime nvels.
A．whatB．whseC．whD．which
13．（2020·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—D yu knw the by ________is talking t Mr Zhang?
—Yes. He is ur mnitr.
A．whichB．whC．whseD．whm
14．（2019·江苏淮安·中考真题）The charities have helped mre children with the mney _______ peple raise.
A．whB．whatC．whereD．which
15．（2015·江苏淮安·中考真题）【江苏省淮安市2015年中考英语试】--- What are yu ding? ---I’m reading the bk ______yu lent me last week.
A．whatB．whC．whenD．that
16．（2011·江苏扬州·中考真题）One f the mst interesting places in Yangzhu _______ are ften visited by freigners is the West Slender Lake.
A．whatB．whC．thatD．/
17．（2011·江苏常州·中考真题）一Wuld yu like sme fried rice?
—I wuld rather eat ndles ________have beef in them.
A．thatB．thanC．whatD．as
18．（2010·江苏常州·中考真题）They want t develp a kind f dg-friendly fd _________ will help dg wners cl dwn their pets.
A．whB．whatC．whichD．whether
19．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）—Excuse me, culd yu please tell me ________?
—Next Friday.
A．when will the dentist cme back
B．when the dentist will cme back
C．hw will the dentist cme back
20．（2023·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）—I wnder ________ my new classmates.
—By cmmunicating with them mre.
A．what can I learn frmB．when I can learn frm
C．where can I talk withD．hw I can get n with
21．（2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题）—I wnder ________.
—There is a new parking lt acrss the street frm here.
A．where I can park my car
B．where can I park my car
C．hw lng I shuld park my car
D．hw lng shuld I park my car
22．（2023·湖北黄石·中考真题）—Culd yu tell me ________?
—Abut an hur’s drive.
A．hw lng it takes t get t Yangxin
B．hw lng des it take t get t Yangxin
C．hw far is it frm Huangshi t Yangxin
D．hw far it is frm Huangshi t Yangxin
23．（2023·辽宁大连·中考真题）—D yu knw ________ Dalian Lahutan Ocean Park?
—Next Sunday.
A．when we will visitB．when will we visitC．when we visitedD．when did we visit
24．（2023·湖北十堰·中考真题）—I want t knw ________.
—Friendly and hnest peple.
A．when yu will meet yur friends
B．hw yu make yur friends happy
C．where yu spend weekends with friends
D．what kind f peple yu want t make friends with
25．（2023·山东青岛·中考真题）—Bb, culd yu tell me ________?
—Of curse. Every day.
A．when the teacher will cmeB．why yu keep a diary
C．hw lng yu slept last nightD．hw ften yu exercise
26．（2023·山东东营·中考真题）—D yu knw ________?
—It’s in the desert t the east f Cair.
A．what the new capital f Egypt (埃及) isB．where the new capital f Egypt is
C．hw big the new capital f Egypt isD．why Egypt is getting a new capital
27．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）— Culd yu please tell me ________?
— It’s n the secnd flr.
A．why yu were lateB．where the restrm is
C．when the shp pensD．hw the weather will be tmrrw
28．（2023·辽宁锦州·中考真题）—Amy, I wnder ________ in the street when I cme t pick yu up.
—Well, there’s a big tree with lvely flwers by the frnt gate at the mment.
A．wh I can g withB．hw I can find yur huse
C．why I can’t take the busD．when I shuld arrive at yur huse
29．（2023·北京·中考真题）—Lily, can yu tell me ________ during the Dragn Bat Festival this year?
—Sure. We ate zngzi and watched a dragn bat race.
A．what yu will dB．what yu didC．what will yu dD．what did yu d
30．（2023·辽宁抚顺·中考真题）—Hi, Kate. I want t knw ________.
—Yu can help t hand ut sme ntices.
A．when Schl Day isB．wh can cme t Schl Day
C．why we hld Schl DayD．what I can d fr Schl Day
31．（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）— I wnder _______ this evening.
— What abut the Sprts Center? It’s big and clean.
A．where we can play basketballB．when we can play basketball
C．when can we play basketballD．where can we play basketball
32．（2023·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）—Culd yu tell me ________?
—By undergrund.
A．where is Shenyang Imperial Palace
B．where Shenyang Imperial Palace is
C．hw I can get t Shenyang Imperial Palace
D．hw can I get t Shenyang Imperial Palace
33．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）— Sandy, Dragn Bat Festival is cming. Culd yu tell me________?
— Sure! Yu can buy sme in Shihui Supermarket. It’s nt far frm here.
A．where I can buy sme sweet zngzi
B．wh likes eating sweet zngzi
C．whether this kind f zngzi is sweet
D．hw yu make sweet zngzi
34．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）A true friend is a persn ________ reaches fr yur hand and tuches yur heart.
A．whB．whmC．whichD．whse
35．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Su Bingtian is a player ________ runs fastest in China at present.
A．whichB．whC．whatD．where
36．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）The wman astrnaut ________ gave us a lessn n space is Liu Yang.
A．whichB．whseC．whD．whm
37．（2023·湖北十堰·中考真题）I will remember the imprtant peple ________ helped and supprted me in my life.
A．whichB．whseC．whmD．wh
38．（2023·新疆·中考真题）Lts f Chinese yung peple ___________ were brn after 1995 use dr-t-dr cking t save time.
A．thatB．thseC．whichD．/
39．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating.
A．whichB．whC．whatD．whm
40．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The Aerspace Square ________ was cmpleted last year has becme a new turist attractin.
A．whichB．whC．whmD．where
考点
考向
考法/命题角度
连接词
从时态、语序、引导词三个方面综合考查
引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
时态
时态变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变相应过; 从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。
语序
语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
考点
考向
考法/命题角度
关系代词
关系代词与关系副词的
区分；
限制性与非限制性定语
从句的区分
关系代词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语，常见的that,which,wh(宾格whm，所有格whse)。
关系副词
关系副词,关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常见的关系副词有 when, where, why。
非限制性定语从句
非限制定语从句 非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。。