专题1 阅读理解记叙文主旨——2024届高考英语阅读与写作备考策略

这是一份专题1 阅读理解记叙文主旨——2024届高考英语阅读与写作备考策略，共10页。

题干中出现main idea; mainly abut; best / suitable title; 等或问作者写文章的目的是什么
如何定位：
当记叙文开篇叙事时，主旨通常在文章尾段
当记叙文不是开篇叙事时，主旨通常在首段
当记叙文全篇叙事时，主旨通常需要自己总结
方法：
1）在文中 (尤其是首尾段) 找带有感情色彩的词、短语或句子
2）注意文章中人物的情感与性格特点, 想表达的或从事件中懂得的人生道理
带有感情色彩的词或短语示例
形容词类：grateful; meaningful; cnsiderate; caring; adrable; critical; aggressive; …
名词类：kindness; spirit; gratitude; hnesty; friendship; dream; meaning; …
动词类：realize; appreciate; dawn n; ccur t; make sense; reflect n; make a difference; learn a lessn; get ver; …
选项特点：
人物加事件
人生道理
谚语
谚语示例：
Actin speaks luder than wrds;
Birds f a feather flck tgether;
It’s never t ld t learn;
…
典型例题1
T all f the teachers in the wrld wh are like yu, I wish yu knew hw grateful parents are fr yu. We adre yu, respect yu, and appreciate yu. We dn’t tell yu enugh—we prbably dn’t tell yu ever. I wish we culd take yu with us t the next 12 grades.
题：What is the text mainly abut?
A. Gd wishes t a kindergarten teacher
B. Sincere thanks t a kindergarten teacher
C. A sweet memry f kindergarten life
D. A kid’s daily behavir in the kindergarten
【答案】B
【解析】本段截取自记叙文尾段。由段落中grateful; adre; respect; appreciate 等带有感情色彩的词可知，文章想表达家长对于老师的感激，因此答案选B
典型例题2
This was a small matter but it had a big influence n Mrrw. He tld peple abut this experience many times in his later life and even wrte abut it in ne f his bks. Mrrw realized that each persn’s ability is limited and many prblems can’t be slved in ne day. Thus, we must act step by step and reach ur gals gradually.
题：What’s the best title f the text?
A. Dn’t cunt n asking the way nce
B. Dn’t be afraid f lsing the way
C. Learn t manage n yur wn
D. Mrrw’s unusual experience
【答案】A
【解析】本段截取自记叙文尾段。由段落中Mrrw realize that each persn’s ability is limited and many prblems can’t be slved in ne day. 和 Thus, we must act step by step and reach ur gals gradually 两句中得知，Mrrw意识到的人生道理应该是文章主旨，即每个人的能力是有限的，问题不能一天解决，要一步步逐渐的解决，因此对应A选项
典型例题3
Mamudu Gassama, a Malian migrant, wn widespread praise after climbing the utside f a building t save a fur-year-ld by hanging frm a balcny in Paris. Nw he is t be made a French citizen.
The mayr f Paris Anne Hidalg was amng thse t praise the 22-year-ld’s herism and said she had called him t thank him.
题：What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. A by was saved frm a balcny luckily
B. A migrant will becme a citizen f France
C. A Malian man gt a special prize fr his herism
D. A careless father put his sn int a dangerus situatin
【答案】C
【解析】此文截取自记叙文首两段。由第一段中的 a Malian migrant；praise；save a fur-year-ld by 以及第二段中的praise；herism 等带有感情色彩的词得知本文讲述一个移民小伙在救了一个男孩后因为他的英雄事迹而被奖励成为法国公民的事，因此选C
练习题
As I sat there, my heart bursting with pride, it dawned n me that I had taught him perseverance in the face f adversity (逆境), and he had just taught me the same lessn. That brief mment f self-dubt and feeling srry fr myself was blwn away by the actins f my sn n the basketball curt. He will play in the finals, but it desn’t matter if he wins r lses. At this mment, we bth wn.
题：Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
Life Ges Just Like Playing Basketball
It Matters Whether t Win r Lse
A Lessn in Life and Basketball
Father and Sn in Life
That’s why it wasn’t until the next mrning when I wke in a huse in the absence f her ftsteps that the tears finally came —— and wuldn’t stp. I understd that my daughter had left the huse, and I held n t the memry f her running. When the tears stpped, I was relieved that her bdy knew what was needed n separatin day, and that with ur lve and supprt, she had the curage t run t an unfamiliar distance, t glace back, yet t keep mving frward.
题：What can be the mst suitable title fr the passage?
A Heartbrken Separatin
The Stry f a Successful Mm
Hw t Deal With Hmesickness
Mving Frward With Lve and Supprt
After struggling in the water fr ver 20 hurs, there came a U.S. Navy helicpter. It banked, and circled back tward them. Uemt and McMahn burst int tears. Alne, either f them wuld have died. But tgether, they made it.
题：What may be the best title fr the passage?
A Race Against Death
A Test f Friendship
A Wnder Made by Jined Hands
A Struggle Fught in the Darkness
I hpe the trip gave kids sme lazy, unstructured time t learn smething abut valuing the trip instead f lking fr the fastest way t burn it up. I dn’t always make the right call as parent but I knw that in banning the small screens we made the right chice this time.
题：What is the best title fr the text?
Is Driving Lng Distance Gd fr Children?
A Tuching Crss-cuntry Trip f My Family
What’s Wrng With Bredm Withut High Tech?
Creative Kids ut f Parents’ Reasnable Chices
Tw f the saddest wrds in the English language are “if nly”. I live my life with the gal f never having t say thse wrds, because they cnvey regret, lst pprtunities, mistakes, and disappintment.
…
I knw there will still be ccasins when I have t say “if nly” abut smething, but my life is definitely better because f my plicy f ding everything pssible t avid that eventuality. And even thugh it takes an extra minute t d smething right, r it ccasinally takes an hur r tw in my busy schedule t make a persnal cnnectin, I knw that I’m ding the right thing I’m buying myself peace f mind and that’s the best kind f insurance fr my emtinal well-being.
题：What’s the best title fr the passage?
T Keep Emtinal Well-being
T Prevent “If Only” Mments
T Fllw the Mst Useful Rule
T Achieve the Peace f Mind
Sadly, it tk anther tw ridiculus DIY prjects t finally get thrugh. The cracks will never be fully filled. Fcus, then, n yur wn inner cre, the feeding f light, fire and strength.
题：What’s the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
T describe an unfrgettable event
T shw the danger f DIY
T stress the imprtance f sleep
T encurage us t fcus n urselves
Camille was right. Miracles await us, just arund the crner.
题：What message des the passage mainly cnvey?
Never lse hpe
N pain, n gain
Every little bit helps
Well begun is half dne
Thrugh it all, she remained in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs. Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study. “Sme nights my heart was breaking t have t pick between my kids and studying fr exams r papers,” she says. Hwever, her children have learnt an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family —— and that’s pretty pwerful.
题：What can er learn frm Jennifer’s stry?
Time is mney
Lve breaks dwn barriers (障碍)
Hard wrk pays ff
Educatin is the key t success
This incredible experience lifted my spirits. Every time I saw Mel during games n TV as I awaited my transplant, I repeated t myself, “Lk at Mel. If he can d it, s can I.”
题：What wuld be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The skills taught by my frmer cach
B. The transplant given by the same dctrs
C. My baseball team helping me ut
D. My cach’s spirits shining n me
Elena Griffing has just spent her 72nd year wrking fr the same San Francisc Bay Area hspital, and she has n plans t stp wrking anytime sn. The hspital has seen her resent 92nd birthday. …
…Nw, she is living a regular and cmfrtable life, enjying gardening, jazz and cming t wrk. If she has her way, she’ll keep wrking “until they thrw me ut r they carry me ut in a bx”.
题：Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A. Never t ld t wrk
B. A right-hand wman
C. The ldest wman in the hspital
D. An ld wman withut her appendix
In Octber, I tld the eight-year-lds in the class I teach in Pmptn Lakes, New Jersey, abut my plan. “I’d like all f yu t d extra jbs arund the huse t earn sme mney,” I said. “Then we will buy fd fr a dinner fr smene wh might nt have a nice dinner therwise.” I hped they culd experience a sense f their wn pwer t effect change. …
… In that ne brief mment, they had seen fr themselves the pwer they pssessed t make anther’s life better.
题：What is the best title fr the text?
A. My teaching career
B. Hw t help pr peple
C. The imprtance f giving
D. A happy shpping experience
There are always sme stries in the life that can hardly be frgtten and will restre ur hpe fr hlidays every time we recllect.
题：What can serve as the title fr the text?
A. An unexpected New Year dinner
B. A hard-wn New Year present
C. A treasured New Year memry
D. A life-changing New Year experience
When plumbing (管道设备) makes funny nises, it’s nt always a gd sign. But Jhn Kvac, a harpist (竖琴演奏者) frm Virginia, likes the pipes t sing. He thinks plumbing pipes make gd musical instruments.
题：What is the suitable title fr the text?
Musical Plumbing
A Wnderful Harpist
A Plumber’s Music Dream
The East Cast PVC Band
Peple disagree abut whether the luck cmes fr finding r pssessing a clver. Sme believe that the luck is lst if the fur-leaf clver is shwn t smebdy else, while thers think that the luck dubles if it is given away. I believe that psitivity is increased by sharing. I feel lucky t find the clvers s ften, but I dn’t think they influence my life any mre than it des t share anything a little special with a friend r a stranger.
题：What is the authr’s purpse f writing the text?
T advise readers t lk fr clvers.
T encurage readers t share smething with thers.
T shw readers the influence f gd luck.
T tell readers the way f keeping clvers.
… He cntinued, “Minnie lved this village, and she wanted t keep n helping peple after she was gne.”
…
Thugh I mved away later, I wuld like t believe Minnie is still in circulatin (流通). Minnie strikes me as the kind f wmen wh ges n frever.
题：Which f the fllwing best cnveys the message?
Kindness is the key that unlcks the heart.
He wh plants kindness gathers lve.
A little kindness ges a lng way.
It is in giving that we receive.
参考答案
C. 本题截取自记叙文尾段。由本段首句中的it dawn n me … and he had just taught me the same lessn. 可知，作者教会了儿子在逆境中学会坚持，儿子则通过篮球比赛让我明白了输赢并不重要，重要的是坚持。故选C。
D. 本题截取自记叙文尾段。由本段上半部分能够推测出女儿要离开家了而身为母亲我非常不舍。由本段最后一句中的 with ur lve and supprt, … yet t keep mving frward. 得知女儿带着家人的爱和期待，自信勇敢的开始人生新的阶段。故选D。
C. 本题截取自记叙文尾段。由本段最后两句得知，单独一个人，他们两个中的任意一个都会死，但两个人一起却成功做到了。C选项联手完成的奇迹符合题意。故选C。
C. 本题截取自记叙文尾段。由本段最后一句中的banning the small screen可知我在旅途中禁止了孩子看手机或其他电子产品，并且认为自己做了很正确的选择。故选C。
B. 本题截取自记叙文的首段和尾段。首段首两句即点明文章的主旨：if nly 是世界上最悲伤的语言；我人生目标就是不去说这两个词。尾段又进一步阐述。故选B。
D. 本题截取自记叙文尾段。根据本段中最后一句话 —— … 然后把注意力集中在你的内在核心，那光、那火和那力量的滋养 —— 可以推测作者意识到我们应该把注意力集中在自己身上。故选D。
A. 本题截取自记叙文尾段。由最后一句 —— 奇迹等着我们，就在拐角处 (就在不远的前方) —— 与A选项永远不要放弃希望对应。故选A。
C. 本题截取自记叙文尾段。从本段第二句得知Jennifer 为了学业做了很多牺牲。再结合 Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and inspiratin t her family … 得知，她付出的一切艰辛都获得了回报。故选C。
D. 本题截取自记叙文尾段。从本段首句中的lifted my spirits 以及最后一句的If he can d it, s can I 可知文章的主旨是在我等待移植手术期间是教练的话语和精神鼓舞我。故选D。
A. 本题截取自记叙文首尾两段。从首段中我们得知主人公工作了72年并且没有退休的打算；以及尾段中的she’ll keep wrking 可知A 选项（活到老学到老）符合文章主旨。
C. 本题截取自文章的首尾两段。从文章首段得知我让学生们为有需要的人买食物可知这篇文章讲述帮助和给予。再从尾段中they had seen fr themselves the pwer they pssessed t make anther’s life better 能够知道在学生们帮助别人时他们也意识到了自己所拥有的能够让别人生活更好的能力。故C选项给予的重要性符合题意。
本题截取自文章首段。从本段中can hardly be frgtten；restre ur hpe; 以及recllect 等词中能够知道文章想要给我们讲述一件难忘的经历。故选C。
A. 本题截取自记叙文首段。由本段内容可知一位竖琴演奏家喜欢用管子制作乐器。故选A。
注意：B选项为干扰选项。文章强调竖琴演奏家用管子制作乐器这件事，而不是介绍这个人。
C选项为干扰选项。文中之说用管子制作乐器，并未提及管子工人，此选项偷换概念。
B. 本题截取自记叙文尾段。由本段最后两句得知作者认为分享可以提高人积极性并且虽然找到四叶草很幸运，但分享更给生活带来更大的影响。故选B。
C. 本题截取自记叙文后三段。从 … she wanted t keep n helping peple 和 … ges n frever 两句可知，Minnie 喜欢助人为乐，而人们也会永远铭记她的善意。故选C