专题13 读后续写梳理情节与营造冲突——2024届高考英语阅读与写作备考策略

这是一份专题13 读后续写梳理情节与营造冲突——2024届高考英语阅读与写作备考策略，共12页。

不同时间不同地点下人物的具体活动构成了一个个不同的情节；一系列小情节构成了整个文章
根据文章叙述结构
按照文章段落梳理事件的开端、发展、高潮和结局
根据文本线索
文本线索是故事发展的关键，它贯穿整个情节发展的脉络
文本线索可以是某人、某物或某种情感
文本线索可以分为单线和双线；双线又包括明线和暗线两种
思维模板：
完整叙述：何时何地何人因何做了何事
主要人物角度叙述：用于故事较复杂，涉及的人物较多时，避免前后文情节交错而混淆
梳理原文情感：主旨
叙述抒情：情感形容词或副词直接表达
描写抒情：用动作、肖像、心理、场景等描写来表达感情
托物借景：依托某一事物或景色来表达情感
语言抒情：运用主要人物的自言自语或与次要人物的对话、互动来表达情感
修辞抒情：运用比喻、拟人、夸张、排比等修辞手法来表达感情
如何捕捉和照应原文续写点：
阅读文章首段；了解文章主要内容人物等信息
开门见山直奔主题
交代故事背景
设置悬念等
关注主要情节以外的分支情节
某些分支情节对续写部分有推动或暗示作用
留意细节描写
通常细节描写多是为了突出一个人物的性格特点，感情变化或事件重点等等
关注高频词
文中反复出现强调的高频词在续写过程中通常需要进行呼应，使续写内容在内容、逻辑和衔接方面与原文一致
留意原文结尾
原文结尾通常为一下内容：
故事的起因和经过，要求续写结果
事件的矛盾或困难因素，要求学生提出合理对策解决问题
事件的冲突点，要求续写高潮和结果
故事的高潮点，要求续写结果
人物内心冲突或情感，要求反向续写，故事反转，形成对比
…
因此，把握好尾段才能把握续写方向
解读续写段首句
续写段首句通常给出了这一段的续写方向和主要内容
续写段首句有时为伏笔点，并且起到前后衔接的作用
如何营造故事冲突
人与自然的冲突
Eg. 洪水、飓风、野兽、丛林等大自然的威胁
人与社会的冲突：主要通过具有不同价值观的人与人之间的冲突实现
人与自我冲突
阐述故事冲突的三个阶段
找到扰乱事件：扰乱事件不一定是非常严重的威胁，但它能够促使主角发生改变
分析人物性格
人物形象主要分为两类：
圆形人物：性格复杂，随故事发展而成长，冲突很可能会改变他的三观
扁平人物：性格单一，行为模式固定课预测；反面人物居多，往往是冲突的来源
分析人物本质时，思考这两类人在特定情境下的情绪反应，最后归因为性格缺点。
设计最后危机，营造冲突结局
营造冲突的技巧
冲突双方的力量要均衡
力量可以体现为多种形式：身体，知识，魅力，道德，财富，社会等级等
力量分布：分析冲突双方的力量形式
冲突的解决要有冲击力（解决过程要有起伏）
练习
练习1 梳理情节与情感
It was summer, and my dad wanted t treat me t a vacatin like never befre. He decided t take me n a new trip t the Wild West.
We tk a plane t Albuquerque, a big city in the state f New Mexic. We reached Albuquerque in the late afternn. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, picked us up frm the airprt and drve us t his farm in Pecs.
His wife cked us a delicius dinner and we gt t knw his sn Ryan and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestrm f the farm huse listening t the frgs and water rlling dwn the river nearby. Very early in the mrning. Uncle Paul wke us up t have breakfast. “The day starts at dawn n my farm,” he said. After breakfast, I went t help Aunt Tina feed the chickens, while my dad went with Uncle Paul t take the sheep ut t graze (吃草). I was impressed t see my dad and Uncle Paul riding the hrse. They lked really cl.
In the afternn, I asked Uncle Paul if I culd take the hrse ride, and he said yes, as lng as my dad went with me. I wasn’t ging t take a hrse ride by myself anyway. S, my dad and I put n new cwby hats, gt n ur hrses, and headed slwly twards the muntains. “Dn’t be late fr supper,” Uncle Paul cried, “and keep t the track s that yu dn’t get lst!” “OK!” my dad cried back. After a while Uncle Paul and his farm huse were ut f sight. It was s peaceful and quiet and the clrs f the brwn rcks, the deep green pipe trees, and the late afternn sun mixed t create a magic scene. It lked like a beautiful wven (编织的) blanket spread ut upn the grund just fr us.
Paragraph 1
Suddenly a little rabbit jumped ut in frnt f my hrse.
Paragraph 2
We had n idea where we were and it gt dark.
1）按时间地点
2）按结构
3）按人物
练习2 捕捉和照应原文续写点
One weekend in July, Jane and her husband, Tm, had driven three hurs t camp vernight by a lake in the frest. Unfrtunately, n the way an unpleasant subject came up and they started t quarrel. By the time they reached the lake, Jane was s angry that she said t Tm, “I’m ging t find a better spt fr us t camp.” and walked away.
With n path t fllw, Jane just walked n fr quite a lng time. After she had climbed t a high place, she turned arund, hping t see the lake. T her surprise, she saw nthing but frest and, far beynd, a snwcapped muntain tp. She suddenly realized that she was lst.
“Tm!” she cried. “Help!”
N reply. In nly she had nt left her mbile phne in that bag with Tm. Jane kept mving, but the farther she walked, the mre cnfused she became. As night was beginning t fall, Jane was s tired that she had t stp fr the night. Lying awake in the dark, Jane wanted very much t be with Tm and her family. She wanted t hld him and tell him hw much she lved him.
Jane rse at the break f day, hungry and thirsty. She culd hear water trickling (滴落) smewhere at a distance. Quickly she fllwed the sund t a stream. T her great jy, she als saw sme berry bushes. She drank and ate a few berries. Never in her life had she tasted anything better. Feeling strnger nw, Jane began t walk alng the stream and hpe it wuld lead her t the lake.
As she picked her way carefully alng the stream, Jane heard a helicpter. Is that fr me? Unfrtunately, the trees made it impssible fr peple t see her frm abve. A few minutes later, anther helicpter flew verhead. Jane tk ff her yellw bluse, thinking that she shuld g t an pen area and flag them if they came back again.
Paragraph 1:
But n mre helicpters came and it was getting dark again.
Paragraph 2
It was daybreak when Jane wke up.
练习3 找到扰乱事件
When Bill and Mary were very yung, they had been in lve. Many nights they had spent walking, talking tgether. Then smething nt very imprtant had cme between them, and they divrced. Impulsively, she had married a man she thught she lved. Bill went away, bitter abut wmen.
Yesterday, walking acrss Washingtn Square, she saw him fr the first time in years.
“Bill Walker,” she said.
He stpped. At first he didn’t recgnize her, t him she lked s ld.
“Mary! Where did yu cme frm?”
Uncnsciusly, she lifted her face as thugh wanting a kiss, but he held ut his hand. She tk it.
主角原本的生活：
扰乱事件：
冲突形式：
扰乱事件可能出现的影响：
结局可能的方向：
练习4 分析人物性格以推动故事冲突
I had an interesting childhd. It was filled with surprises and amusement, all because f my mther —— lving, sweet, yet absent-minded and frgetful. One strange family trip we tk when I was eleven tells a lt abut her.
My tw sets f grandparents lived in Clrad and Nrth Dakta, and my parents decided t spend a few weeks driving t thse states and seeing all the sights alng the way. As the first day f ur trip apprached, David, my eight-year-ld brther, and I unwillingly said gdbye t all f ur friends. Wh knew if we’d ever see them again? Finally, the mment f ur departure arrived, and we laded suitcases, bks, games, camping equipment, and tent int the car and bravely drve ff. We bravely drve ff again tw hurs later after we’d returned hme t get the purse and traveler’s checks Mm had frgtten.
主要人物形象：
主要性格缺点：
可能产生的冲突：
冲突的组合形式：
结局可能的方向：
练习5 营造冲突的技巧运用
对下文进行续写
With the kitchen dr carefully lcked frm the utside, the man threatened t kill us if we made any nises and tried t escape. Sn we heard his heavy and hurried steps. We knew he went upstairs t search the bedrm fr smething valuable. I clearly knew it was the nly chance t stp the rbber cntinuing his crime. I exchanged silent glances with my brther. With my special trick in bunding up, he successfully reached ut his hand t untie himself. then he cautiusly helped untie the rpes arund me. Obviusly, he was in great terrr as I nticed his trembling hands and tearing eyes. After he made it, I kissed his frehead t cmfrt him. I encuraged him t pull himself tgether. Realizing the rbber was cmmitting the crime, I …
参考答案
【练习1】
1）
2）
3）
【练习2】
【练习3】
主角原本的生活：Bill and Mary brke up ver smething unimprtant. She impulsively married smene else wh she thught she lved while Bill was disappinted with wmen. Prbably, they wuld nt meet again.
扰乱事件：Mary saw Bill fr the first time in years
冲突形式：人与自我的冲突
扰乱事件可能出现的影响：Mary may regret abut her impulsive decisin
结局可能的方向：Mary regretted and tried t make up fr the decisin. Bill will either frgive her and live a happy life with her ever after r refuse her, leading an ppsite reslutin.
【练习4】
主要人物形象：圆形人物
主要性格缺点：absent-minded; frgetful
可能产生的冲突：母亲的的性格缺陷可能在旅途中造成一些持续不断的小麻烦
冲突的组合形式：人与自我；人与自然
结局可能的方向：with mther’s cmplex persnality, we wuld make the strange family trip filled with surprise and amusement.
【练习5】
Realizing the rbber was cmmitting the crime, I cautiusly pened the kitchen windw. Hwever, it was t high fr a kid t jump ver. I was feeling a desperate lss when I nticed the neighbr walking ver. Frtunately, I waved t draw him clse and explained what had happened t us just nw. he was shcked but dialed 911 immediately. Waiting fr the arrival f the plice, he kept calming us dwn. With the plice insight minutes later, I knew we were safe eventuallytime
places
plts
feelings
ne summer day
in the late afternn
the first night n the farm
early in the mrning
in the afternn
suddenly
it gt dark
structure
plts
feelings
beginning
develpments
climax
ending
main persn
paragraph
plts
feelings
writer
特定情节
照应方式
细节描写
1）语言：
2）动作：
3）心理
照应方式
1）
2）
3）
高频词
原文结尾
照应方式
续写首句
time
places
plts
feelings
ne summer day
at hme
Dad decided t take me n a new trip t the Wild West
excited
in the late afternn
at Albuquerque airprt
Uncle Paul picked us up and drve us up t his farm
cmfrtable
cnvenient
the first night n the farm
the guestrm f the farm huse
listened t the frgs and water rlling dwn the river nearby
relaxed
jyful
early in the mrning
at Uncle Paul’s farm huse
I helped … Dad and Paul tk the sheep …
envius
in the afternn
in the muntain
I gt the permissin and rde a hrse with my father’s cmpany
delighted
suddenly
in the wild
a little rabbit jumped ut in frnt f the hrse
surprised
it gt dark
in the wild
we had n idea where we were
wrried
scared
structure
plts
feelings
beginning
Dad decided t take me n a new trip t the Wild West
excited
develpments
Uncle Paul picked us up and drve us up t his farm
cmfrtable
cnvenient
listened t the frgs and water rlling dwn the river nearby
relaxed
jyful
I helped … Dad and Paul tk the sheep …
envius
I gt the permissin and rde a hrse with my father’s cmpany
delighted
a little rabbit jumped ut in frnt f the hrse
surprised
climax
we had n idea where we were
wrried
scared
ending
main persn
paragraph
plts
feelings
writer
1
I was treated t a new trip t the WW
excited
2
I was picked up and driven t …
cmfrtable
cnvenient
3
I listened t the frgs and …
relaxed
jyful
I helped … and saw Dad …
envius
4
I gt the permissin …
delighted
续写1
I saw a little rabbit …
surprised
续写2
wrried
scared
特定情节
Lying awake in the dark, Jane wanted very much t be with Tm and her family
照应方式
Again Jane lay awake lnely in the night, missing … and wanting …
细节描写
语言：I’m ging t find a better spt fr us t camp
动作：they started t quarrel
心理：angry; tired …
照应方式
the best spt t camp is the place where yu are
hw she wished she had never quarreled with Tm / if she had never quarreled with Tm, she wuldn’t have gt lst
her anger and tiredness were swept away the instant she saw Tm / her anger and tiredness was vertaken by the lve she felt fr Tm
高频词
helicpter
原文结尾
Jane tk ff her yellw bluse, thinking …
照应方式
Jane gathered her strength t walk t an pen area, waving her …
T her great jy, the helicpter didn’t fly away this time
续写首句
…