梅河口市第五中学2024届高三下学期二模考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份梅河口市第五中学2024届高三下学期二模考试英语试卷(含答案)，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Tp 4 must-see ancient villages in Beijing
Beijing is a wrld-famus histrical and cultural city with a histry f mre than 3, 000 years. The rich and prfund ancient village culture fund in and arund the city remains an imprtant part f the capital’s histry and culture. Belw we recmmend 4 must-see ancient villages in the Beijing area as the 2024 May Day hliday appraches. Lingshui village
Lcated in the nrthwest f Mentugu district, Lingshui village was frmed in the Lia and Jin dynasties. The ancient dwellings in Lingshui village are a mdel f rural residential buildings during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368-1911) in nrtherm China, and their riginal appearance is well preserved. Turists can explre ver 120 flk huses, alngside many cultural relics in the village. Shuiyu village
Shuiyu village is in Fangshan district. The village was built during the Ming and Qing dynasties. With 600 huses and mre than 100 sets f curtyard huses frm the Ming and Qing dynasties, the riginal cultural eclgy f the village has been well maintained. Facing bth nrth and suth, the village is laid ut in a circular shape, frming a unique architectural style. Sangyu village
Sangyu village lies in the nrth f Mentugu district, Beijing, next t Lingshui village. Prir t the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) , Sangyu village was called Sanyu r “encuntering” in English, named fr the three water channels that meet in the village. Dense mulberry tree frests surrund the entire village, and when they bear fruit, purple mulberries light up the village valley. Malan village
Malan village, which means “hrse stable” in English, had a histry f keeping hrses that dates back t the Ming dynasty. The ancient buildings in Malan village are made f stne and mud. When building and repairing huses in the village, peple try their best t maintain their riginal appearance. There is als an exhibitin hall, a rw f ld huses, as well as 12 gate bridges in the the village.
1．Which village is designed rund accrding t the text?
A. Lingshui village.B. Shuiyu village.
C. Sangyu village.D. Malan village.
2．What des Lingshui village and Malan village have in cmmn?
A. They are mdels f rural buildings.
B. The huses are made f stnes and mud.
C. Their riginal appearance are well maintained.
D. They were built during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
3．Frm which clumn f a newspaper can this passage prbably be taken?
A. Nature.B. Agriculture.C. Gegraphy.D. Turism.
Defeating Daniil Medvedev in New Yrk n Sunday, Djkvic, ne f the greatest tennis player, bagging 24 Grand Slam (大满贯) singles titles, equalized the recrd held by Australian Margaret Curt, the same number f singles titles in the all-time cunt.
With the victry, Djkvic became the ldest US Open men’s singles champin in the Open Era. In ttal, he has 10 Australian Opens, seven Wimbledns, fur US Opens and three Rland Garrs titles, making him the nly man t win all fur majrs at least three times. “When I realized that, I started t dream new dreams and set new gals. I never imagined that I wuld be here talking abut 24 Slams,” he said afterwards.
Djkvic reached all finals in the Grand Slams in 2023, and the nly lss was at Wimbledn, when Carls Alcaraz f Spain, 20, brught hme the champin after an intense battle lasting fur hurs and 43 minutes.
Djkvic, at 36, shws few signs f lsing physical edge. He stays healthy, keeps exceptinal skills and always desires t win mre. Capturing his first Grand Slam in 2008, Djkvic bagged half f his 24 majr titles after he turned 30.
“One f the biggest lessns I have learned prbably mentally thrughut my career is that even if yu find a frmula (方案) that wrks, it’s nt a guarantee, and actually mst likely it’s nt ging t wrk the next year, s I keep reinventing myself and always trying t find better ways t win,” said Djkvic.
Fr Djkvic, wh always gets tugh when the ging gets tugh, 24 is just a number that he can g beynd. “I’ll cntinue t priritize Grand Slams as my mst imprtant turnaments and where I want t play the best tennis. That will stay the same in the next seasn, r I dn’t knw hw many mre seasns I have in my legs,” he added, “S, let’s see.”
4．What des the underlined wrd “equalized” in the first paragraph prbably mean?
A. Set.B. Brke.C. Levelled.D. Apprached.
5．What can we knw abut Djkvic accrding t the passage?
A. He wn 12 Grand Slams in his thirties.
B. He wn all the finals in the Grand Slams in 2023.
C. He attached the same imprtance t all the matches.
D. He is the ldest men’s singles champin in the pen era.
6．What seems the “secret” f Djkvic’s great achievement?
A. Lsing physical edge.B. Attending mre Grand Slams.
C. Fllwing a gd frmula.D. Finding flexible and prper strategies.
7．Which f the fllwing can best describe Djkvic?
A. Cnfident and emtinal.B. Ambitius and devted.
C. Aggressive and stubbrn.D. Enthusiastic and generus.
Nanak Hama gets a lt f mail, mstly frm strangers wh live in her hme city f Tky. In light envelpes, they send lcks f their hair, hping t recycle it.
Peple generate a huge amunt f hair waste. Nearly all f that waste ends up in landfill, where it can release harmful greenhuse gases that cntribute t climate change.
But hair pssesses useful qualities and it’s a shame t simply thrw it away. That’s why peple all arund the wrld, like Hama, have been cllecting hair and finding innvative ways t recycle it, including making mats (垫子) ut f it fr remving il leaks,
Hama is part f the nnprfit Matter f Trust (MT) members wrking at mre than 60 centers dtted acrss 17 cuntries, using machines t make hair dnated frm lcal salns and individuals int square mats, which are then used t clean up the flating il.
“Hair is particularly well-suited fr this,” says MT c-funder Lisa Gautier, “That’s because its rugh srt f uter layer lets il stick t it.” MT’s mats have been used in majr il leaks, including the 2010 Deepwater Hrizn and 2007 Csc Busan incidents.
In a 2018 study, Murray, an envirnmental scientist at the University f Technlgy Sydney, in Australia fund that mats made f recycled human hair culd absrb 0.84 grams f il nt its surface fr every gram f hair — significantly mre than plyprpylene (聚丙烯), a type f plastic that’s typically used t clean up flating il.
Besides hair is als useful as fertilizer (化肥). Hair cntains a relatively high nitrgen (氪), a chemical element crucial fr plant grwth, and each lck f hair is made f rughly 16 percent f this essential nutrient. Last year, mre than 560 gallns f liquid fertilizer made frm human hair was sld t farmers in nrthern Tanzania and the feedback frm the farmers has been very encuraging.
“It’s just a great way t use hair in a prductive way. Hair is an answer literally hanging in frnt f ur eyes-fr il and sil,” Hama says.
8．What can the mat made f human hair d?
A. Clear the sea f il.B. Imprve sil.
C. Take in harmful gas.D. Prevent il leaks.
9．Which qualities f hair cntribute t its innvative use?
A. Its clr and strength.B. Its length and amunt
C. Its structure and cmpnent.D. Its weight and flexibility.
10．What’s the authr’s purpse f presenting the 2018 study?
A. T state a fact.B. T supprt a pint.
C. T make a cmparisn.D. T clarify a cncept.
11．What is Hama’s attitude twards the future f hair waste as fertilizer?
A. Unclear.B. Optimistic.C. Dubtful.D. Negative.
German physicist Albert Einstein is ne f the mst famus scientists f all time, the persnificatin f genius and the subject f a whle industry f schlarship. In The Einsteinian Revlutin, tw experts n Einstein’s life and his thery f relativity — Israeli physicist Hanch Gutfreund and German histrian f science Jürgen Renn — ffer an riginal and penetrating (犀利的) analysis f Einstein’s revlutinary cntributins t physics and ur view f the physical wrld.
By setting Einstein’s wrk in the lng curse f the evlutin f scientific knwledge, Gutfreund and Renn discver the ppular myth (谬论) f Einstein as an uncnventinal scientific genius wh single-handedly created mdern physics-and by pure thught alne.
As a large part f the bk explains, Einstein typically argued that science prgresses thrugh steady evlutin, nt thrugh revlutinary breaks with the past. He saw his thery f relativity nt as smething frm scratch, but a natural extensin f the classical physics develped by pineers such as Italian astrnmer Galile Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newtn in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as well as nineteenth-century physicists.
The authrs highlight hw classical physics cannt be separated cleanly frm mdern Einsteinian physics. The bk als includes substantial sectins n Plish astrnmer Niclaus Cpernicus and Galile whse methds inspired Einstein. When Einstein cnsidered himself as standing n their shulders, he meant that, withut their cntributins, he wuld nt have frmulated (阐述) the thery f relativity.
The Einsteinian Revlutin is an imprtant and thught-prvking (引人深思的) cntributin t the schlarly literature n Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905 and 1925. Gutfreund and Renn might nt have given the final answer as t why Einstein, f all peple, revlutinized physics in the way that he did. But they argue in fascinating detail that, t understand his genius, ne must take int accunt nt just the earlier histry f physics but als the histry f knwledge mre bradly. Althugh nt always an easy read, the bk will interest physicists and histrians alike.
12．Accrding t the ppular view, hw did Einstein create his thery?
A. By generating ideas n his wn.B. By standing n giants’ shulders.
C. By carrying ut experiments.D. By cperating with ther physicists.
13．What d the underlined wrds “frm scratch” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. With previus knwledge.B. Frm the very beginning.
C. Frm learning frm thers.D. Up t a certain standard.
14．What des the authr want t say by mentining the famus physicists?
A. Their ideas were rejected by Einstein.
B. Their devtin t physics impressed Einstein.
C. Their research cntributed t Einstein’s success.
D. Their hard wrk deserved the wrldwide respect.
15．What will the authr f the text say abut the bk?
A. It pens a dr t physics fr beginners.
B. It gives a brief glimpse f Einstein’s legendary life.
C. It bridges the gap between readers and the greatest minds.
D. It ffers a wider perspective t understand Einstein’s genius.
二、七选五
16．Tai Chi, a gentle martial art riginating frm China and invlving slw mvements with a fcus n breathing and n what yur bdy is ding in that mment, prvides numerus benefits fr bth physical and mental well-being. Here are five cnvincing reasns t bring Tai Chi int yur rutine.
●It’s easy n the bdy.
Tai Chi ffers gentle exercise suitable fr individuals f all ages and fitness levels. ①________, as muscles remain relaxed withut any stretching r straining. It’s an exercise that can be easily adapted fr less able peple, including thse in wheelchairs.
●It culd prevent falls.
A review f studies cnducted in 2019 indicated that Tai Chi culd lwer the risk f falls amng lder peple. Certainly, the emphasis is n balance, with sideways and backwards mvements aiding in the strengthening f the muscles necessary fr stability. ②________.
●It may bst brain pwer.
③________. Research shws that practising Tai Chi n a regular basis can enhance cgnitive abilities in lder adults, bth thse with and withut memry issues. Given that it’s cnsidered safe and suitable fr the elderly, this is a definite win.
● ④________.
A reductin in stress and anxiety, alng with an increase in cnfidence, is anther mental health benefit f Tai Chi, as indicated by research findings, thugh further research is needed t cmprehensively understand and cnfirm these effects.
●Yu can d it at hme.
Attending classes can be beneficial fr receiving structured instructin and cnnecting with like-minded individuals. ⑤________, prviding an alternative fr practicing at hme. Yu’re bund t find ne that matches yur fitness level and exercise preferences. Practicing Tai Chi at hme can als ffer unparalleled cnvenience and flexibility.
A. It has the feel-gd factr
B. It can imprve heart health
C. The benefits aren’t just physical
D. But there are vides available nline t
E. They als imprve flexibility and spatial awareness
F. Its lw-impact nature minimizes the risk f jint injury
G. Yu can share experiences with these peple face-t-face
三、完形填空（15空）
Kim Stemple, a special-educatin teacher, faced terrible diseases during her stay in a Bstn hspital. While ____1____ with depressin in her hspital rm, Stemple received an unexpected present frm a friend: a medal.
Befre Stemple gt t sick t ____2____, she had been a marathn runner and the medal brught back her racing memries. It served as a much-needed pick-me-up, ____3____ her f the strength and perseverance she nce pssessed. ____4____, it wrked like a charm, and then sme, ____5____ her spirits and renewing her determinatin.
Inspired by this life-changing ____6____, Stemple began t think abut hw such a simple act culd bring hpe t thers ging thrugh ____7____ times. And frm this ____8____ f inspiratin, her charity, We Finish Tgether, was brn. This initiative ____4____ medals frm strangers—runners, dancers, swimmers, singers, and even spelling bee winners — and dnated them t individuals in need.
Part f the prcess ____10____ the dnr writing a persnalized nte n the ribbn, giving the recipient a unique ____11____ t smene wh cares. Indeed, fr thse wh were ____12____ in hspitals and battling health challenges, being presented with a medal and reading the warm ____13____ really made a big difference. It ____14____ a reminder that they were nt ____15____ in their struggles and that there was always supprt available t them.
17．A. wrestlingB. cmpetingC. quarrelingD. parting
18．A. liveB. healC. exerciseD. recver
19．A. cheatingB. clearingC. breakingD. reminding
20．A. CasuallyB. DesperatelyC. TemprarilyD. Surprisingly
21．A. explainingB. liftingC. discveringD. absrbing
22．A. seasnB. planC. experienceD. slutin
23．A. cmmnB. tughC. pintlessD. dangerus
24．A. raceB. gameC. secretD. seed
25．A. cllectedB. assessedC. brrwedD. bught
26．A. prmtedB. insistedC. invlvedD. shaped
27．A. cnnectinB. barrierC. divisinD. cnflict
28．A. trainedB. stuckC. peratedD. warned
29．A. dcumentB. messageC. receiptD. gift
30．A. threw awayB. put dwnC. acted asD. drpped ut
31．A. shyB. weakC. tiredD. alne
四、短文填空
32．The lantern fair in Zigng. Suthwest China’s Sichuan prvince, basts a histry f mre than 1, 000 years. T mark the Year ①________ the Dragn, many f the lanterns shw the Chinese sign f the zdiac(生肖), but there are als ②________ wide variety f ther lantern designs t meet different needs. Visitrs ③________ prefer traditinal lanterns can find lanterns with flwers and birds, and legendary figures, while lanterns with mdem patterns such as cultural ④________ (trend) and nline games are gaining ppularity amng yung peple
In additin t the ⑤________ (elegance) craftsmanship, mdem technlgies such as 3D printing and artificial intelligence have als been used t make the lanterns ⑥_______ (nice) and mre vivid. The lantern shw is als accepting the cncept f envirnmental prtectin. A set f lanterns ⑦________ (feature) the famus Chinese statue “Brnze Gallping Hrse Treading n a Flying Swallw” frm the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220AD) was created by using 21 different kinds f waste materials, including tires and plastics ⑧________ (frm) its utside decratins.
This year’s shw will run until July 30. The sets f lanterns ⑨________ (update) t keep up with ther traditinal Chinese festivals, such as the Qingming Festival and the Dragn Bat Festival. Visitrs can als enjy flk arts and Chinese music perfrmances during ⑩________ (they) lantern-viewing turs.
五、书面表达
33．学校英文报组织同学们分享你校刚刚举办的文化节活动，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1．简要描述；2．体验和感受。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Our Cultural Festival n Campus
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Peter and Handy were twin brthers. Thugh they lked the same their hearts and minds were cmpletely ppsite. Peter lived t enjy his life. He never cared fr peple arund him. All he cncerned abut was his happiness. On the ther hand, Handy liked helping peple. He was gd at heart. He liked taking care f his grandparents, ding husewrk fr his mm and dad. His friends and teachers appreciated him as he was always ready t lend a hand.
It was summer vacatin. Peter and Handy decided t g hiking. The first day f the hike was gd and the brthers enjyed a lt. Unfrtunately, the brthers lst their way during the secnd day f the hike. Peter started walking deep int the frest while Handy was fllwing him.
After a while, the brthers lst track f each ther as well. On the way, Peter met an ld man wh begged him fr fd. Peter simply refused t give his share t him. Next, he met a little girl wh had hurt her leg. She asked him t help her get back t her village nearby. Again, Peter refused t ffer any kind f help and carried n his way.
Thugh Handy culdn't see Peter, he was actually just a few yards behind him. When he met the ld man, he ffered him all the fd he had and went his way. Sn, he came acrss the little girl as well. He helped her stand up, ffered her sme water and even helped her get back t her village.
It was evening by the time. The little girl's parents advised him t spend the night with them. “We'll g with yu t help yu find yur brther and friends," they said. Handy agreed. On the ther hand, the darkness and the vices in the jungle started scaring Peter. He wished smene was there t help him. But there was n ne in sight except dark reflectins in the jungle. He was feeling cld and lnely.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, Peter came acrss the same ld man again.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At the entrance f the village, he met the same girl he had refused t help.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Shuiyu village 部分中的“Facing bth nrth and suth, the village is laid ut in a circular shape, frming a unique architectural style.(村子面南朝北，呈圆形布局，形成独特的建筑风格。)”可是，水峪村呈圆形布局。故选B项。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Lingshui village部分中的“The ancient dwellings in Lingshui village are a mdel f rural residential buildings during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368-1911) in nrtherm China, and their riginal appearance is well preserved.(灵水村的古民居是中国北方明清时期(1368-1911)农村民居的典范，其原貌保存完好。)”可知，灵水村是中国北方明清时期农村民居的典范，其原貌保存完好，结合Malan village部分中的“When building and repairing huses in the village, peple try their best t maintain their riginal appearance.(在村里修建和修缮房屋时，人们都尽量保持房屋的原貌。)”可知，马兰村人们在修缮房屋时，尽量保持房屋的原貌，由此可知，灵水村和马兰村的共同之处在于它们的原貌保持得很好。故选C项。
3．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据首段中的“Belw we recmmend 4 must-see ancient villages in the Beijing area as the 2024 May Day hliday appraches.(随着2024年“五一”假期的临近，下面我们为您推荐北京地区必去的4个古村落。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是2024年“五一”假期给人们推荐北京必去的四个古村落，由此可知，文章应选自于报纸的旅游栏目。故选D项。
4．答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“Defeating Daniil Medvedev in New Yrk n Sunday, Djkvic, ne f the greatest tennis player, bagging 24 Grand Slam (大满贯) singles titles(周日，德约科维奇在纽约击败了丹尼尔·梅德韦杰夫，这位最伟大的网球运动员之一，获得了24个大满贯单打冠军)”可知，德约科维奇是最伟大的网球运动员之一，获得了24个大满贯，结合下文中的“the recrd held by Australian Margaret Curt, the same number f singles titles in the all-time cunt.(澳大利亚人玛格丽特·考特保持的记录，在历史上获得单打冠军的次数相同。)”可知，此处讲述的是德约科维奇大满贯获得的单打冠军的次数与澳大利亚人玛格丽特·考特保持的记录数相同，由此可知，划线单词的意思应与“等同于”意义相近。故选C项。
5．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Capturing his first Grand Slam in 2008, Djkvic bagged half f his 24 majr titles after he turned 30.(2008年，德约科维奇获得了他的第一个大满贯，在他30岁之后，他获得了24个大满贯中的一半。)”可知，德约科维奇获得了24个大满贯冠军，其中30岁以后获得了其中的一半，由此可知，在他三十多岁获得了12个大满贯冠军。故选A项。
6．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的““One f the biggest lessns I have learned prbably mentally thrughut my career is that even if yu find a frmula (方案) that wrks, it’s nt a guarantee, and actually mst likely it’s nt ging t wrk the next year, s I keep reinventing myself and always trying t find better ways t win,” said Djkvic.(德约科维奇说：“在我的整个职业生涯中，我学到的最重要的一课可能是，即使你找到了一个有效的方案，也不能保证它是有效的，实际上很可能明年它也不会有效，所以我不断地改造自己，总是试图找到更好的方法来赢得比赛。”)”可知，德约科维奇认为，任何一种有效的方案都不能保证以后还会有效，所以他在不断地改变试图找到更好的方法赢得比赛，由此可知，德约科维奇成功的秘诀在于寻找灵活和适当的方案。故选D项。
7．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据尾段中的““I’ll cntinue t priritize Grand Slams as my mst imprtant turnaments and where I want t play the best tennis. That will stay the same in the next seasn, r I dn’t knw hw many mre seasns I have in my legs,” he added, “S, let’s see.”(“我将继续把大满贯作为我最重要的比赛，我想在那里打出最好的网球。下个赛季会保持不变，或者我不知道我的腿还能打几个赛季，”他补充道，“所以，让我们看看。”)”可知，德约科维奇将把大满贯作为最重要的比赛，希望在那里打出最好的网球，说明他很有雄心，同时他表示下个赛季保持不变，尽管不知道自己还能打几个赛季，但是他仍旧让人们拭目以待，由此可知，他非常的热衷于网球，由以上可知，德约科维奇是一个有雄心且热衷于网球的人。故选B项。
8．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段 Hama is part f the nnprfit Matter f Trust (MT)members wrking at mre than 60 centers dtted acrss 17 cuntries, using machines t make hair dnated frm lcal salns and individuals int square mats, which are then used t clean up the flating il (Hama是非营利 组织MT的成员之一，他们在遍布17个国家的60多个中心工作，使用机器将当地理发店和个人捐赠的 头发制成方垫，然后用于清理浮油)可知，用头发 做成的垫子可以用于清除海洋中的石油，故选A。
9．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的"Hair is particularly well- suited fr this," says MT c-funder Lisa Gautier, "That's because its rugh srt f uter layer lets il stick t it" (MT的联合创始人丽莎・戈蒂埃说，"头发特别适合这个， 这是因为它粗糙的外层让油粘在上面")和倒数第二段的Besides, hair is als useful as fertilizer (化肥).Hair cntains a relatively high nitrgen (氨), a chemical element crucial fr plant grwth, and each lck f hair is made f rughly 16 percent f this essential nutrient(此外，头发也是有用的化肥。头发含有相对较高的氮，这是一种对植 物生长至关重要的化学元素，每根头发大约由16% 的这种必需营养素组成)，可知头发的结构和组成 有助于它的创新用途，故选C。
10．答案：B
解析：目的意图题。根据第五段的 MT's mats have been used in majr il leaks, including the 2010 Deep water Hrizn and 2007 Csc Busan incidents (MT的垫子曾用于 2010年深水地平线号和2007年中远釜山事故等重 大漏油事故)和第六段的 In a 2018 study, Murray, an envirnmental scientist at the University f Technlgy Sydney, in Australia fund that mats made f recycled human hair culd absrb 0.84 grams f il nt its surface fr every gram f hair-significantly mre than plyprpylene(聚丙烯) a type f plastic that's typically used t clean up flating il(在2018年的一项研究中，澳大利亚悉尼科技大学的环境科学家默里发现，由回收的人类头发制成的垫子每克头发可以吸收0.84克油，远远超过聚丙烯，这是一种通常用于清理浮油的塑料)，可知作者提出2018年研究的目的是为了支持"MT的垫子可以用于清除海洋中的石油"这一观点，故选B。
11．答案：B
解析：态度判断题。根据最后一段 的"It's just a great way t use hair in a prductive way. Hair is an answer literally hanging in frnt f ur eyes-fr il and sil," Hama says (Hama说，"这是一种有效利用头发的好方法。头发就是悬在我们眼前的解决油和土壤问题的答案")，可知Hama对头发废料作为肥料的未来持乐 观态度，故选B。
12．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段 By setting Einstein's wrk in the lng curse f the evlutin f scientific knwledge, Gutfreund and Renn discver the ppular myth (谬论) f Einstein as an uncnventinal scientific genius wh single—handedly created mdern physics—and by pure thught alne.(通过将爱因斯坦的工作置于科学知识演变的漫长过程中，古特弗罗因德和雷恩发现了一个流行的神话，即爱因斯坦是一个非常规的 科学天才，仅凭纯粹的思想就独自创造了现代物理学。)可知爱因斯坦通过自己产生想法创造了他的 理论。故答案为A。
13．答案：B
解析：猜测词义题。根据划线词后半句 but a natural extensin f the classical physics develped by pineers such as Italian astrnmer Galile Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newtn in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , as well as nineteenth-century physicists.(而 是16、17世纪意大利天文学家伽利略、英国物理学 家牛顿以及19世纪物理学家等先驱者发展出来的经典物理学的自然延伸。)可知前面划线词所在句是说"在他看来，他的相对论并不是从头开始的东 西"可知frm scratch译为"从头开始、从零开始"。 A. With previus knwledge.有了以前的知识; B. Frm the very beginning.从头开始，从零开 始;C. Frm learning frm thers.向他人学习; D. Up t a certain standard.达到一定的标准。故 答案为B。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段 The bk als includes substantial sectins n Plish astrnmer Niclaus Cpernicus and Galile whse methds inspired Einstein. When Einstein cnsidered himself as standing n their shulders, he meant that, withut their cntributins, he wuld nt have frmulated(阐述) the thery f relativity.(这本书还包括波兰 天文学家尼古拉・哥白尼和伽利略的大量章节，他们的方法启发了爱因斯坦。当爱因斯坦认为自己站 在他们的肩膀上时，他的意思是，如果没有他们的 贡献，他就不会阐述相对论。)可知通过提到著名的物理学家，作者想说他们的研究为爱因斯坦的成功做出了贡献。故答案为C。
15．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 The Einsteinian Revlutin is an imprtant and thught-prvking (引人深思的) cntributin t the schlarly literature n Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905 and 1925.Gutfreund and Renn might nt have given the final answer as t why Einstein, f all peple, revlutinized physics in the way that he did. But they argue in fascinating detail that, t understand his genius, ne must take int accunt nt just the earlier histry f physics but als the histry f knwledge mre bradly. Althugh nt always an easy read the bk will interest physicists and histrians alike.(爱因斯坦革命是对爱因斯坦及其在1905年至1925年间令人惊讶的科学创造力的学术文献的重 要和发人深省的贡献。古特夫・尤恩和雷恩可能没有给出最终答案，为什么爱因斯坦会以这种方式彻底改变物理学。但他们以引人入胜的细节论证说，要理解他的天才，我们不仅要考虑物理学的早期历 史，还要考虑更广泛的知识史。尽管这本书并不总 是一本易读的书，但物理学家和历史学家都会对它感兴趣。)可知文章的作者说这本书为理解爱因斯坦的天才提供了一个更广阔的视角。故答案为D。
16．答案：FECAD
解析：①语境衔接题。根据小标题 It's easy n the bdy (太极拳对身体来说很轻松)以及下一句as muscles remain relaxed withut any stretching r straining(因为肌肉保持放松，没有任何拉伸或 紧张的情况)可知，F选项"它的低冲击力使得关节 损伤的风险降到最低"符合要求。故选F。
②联系上文题。根据小标题It culd prevent falls.(它可以防止跌倒)，以及前一句 Certainly, the emphasis is n balance, with sideways and backwards mvements aiding in the strengthening f the muscles necessary fr stability (当然，重点是平衡，侧向和向后的动作 有助于加强稳定所必需的肌肉)，可知练习太极可 以避免摔倒是因为该运动有助于加强稳定所必需的肌肉。而E选项"它们还能提高灵活性和空间感"是的另一个原因。其中als为语篇标志词，表示与上 一句构成并列关系，they指代上句中的sideways and backwards mvements。故选E。
③联系上文题。根据语篇结构可知，在练习太极的五个原因中，前两个是对身体健康的好处，从 第三个开始讨论对心理健康的好处。选项C"好处不仅仅是身体上的"指出太极拳的好处不仅仅局限于身体上的，也包括了心理方面的好处，起到了承接上下段的功能。故选C。
④标题归纳题。根据下文 A reductin in stress and anxiety, alng with a n increase in cnfidence, is anther mental health benefit f Tai Chi, as indicated by research findings, thugh further research is needed t cmprehensively understand and cnfirm these effects、(研究结果表明，减轻压力和焦虑以及增强信心是太极拳对心理健康的另一个好处，尽管需 要进一步研究来全面了解和证实这些效果。)可知该段标题应该强调太极拳对心理健康的积极影响。 选项A"它让人感觉良好"符合要求。故选A。
⑤语境衔接题。根据小标题Yu can d it at hme (你可以在家里练习太极)，前一句 Attending classes can be beneficial fr receiving structured instructin and cnnecting with like-minded individuals.(参加课程对接受系 统的指导和与志同道合的人联系是有益的)，以及后半句prviding an alternative fr practicing at hme (为在家练习提供了另一种选择)可知D选项"但是网上也有视频"符合要求。这个选项提到了在线视频使得在家练习成为可能，与小标题提到的在家练习的内容相关，同时与前一句构成转折关系。此外，该段倒数第二句话中的ne指代D选项中的"vide"。故选D。
17．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:当斯坦普尔在病房里与抑郁症作斗争时，她收到了一位朋友的意外礼物:一枚奖章。A. wrestling全力解决;B. cmpeting竞争;C. quarreling争吵;D. parting分别。根据前文"Kim Stemple, a special-educatin teacher, faced terrible diseases during her stay in a Bstn hspital."可知，Stemple面临着可怕的疾病抑郁症，所以应是与抑郁症作斗 争。故选A项。
18．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:在斯坦普尔病得无法锻炼之前，她曾是一名马拉松运动员，这枚奖牌唤起了她的比赛记忆。A. live生活;B. heal治愈; C. exercise锻炼;D. recver恢复。根据后文"she had been a marathn runner"可知，斯坦普尔是一名马拉松运动员，所以应是病得无法锻炼之前。故选C项。
19．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:这是她急需的提神剂，让她想起了自己曾经拥有的力量和毅力。A. cheating作弊;B. clearing清理;C. breaking损坏;D. reminding提醒。根据后文"her f the strength and perseverance she nce pssessed"结合选项应是"让她想起了自己曾经拥有的力量和毅力"符合语境。故选D项。
20．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是，这枚奖章像一种魔力一样发挥了作用，而且还发挥了一些作用，使她振作起来，重新下定决心。A. Casually随意地;B. Desperately拼命地; C. Temprarily暂时;D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据后文"it wrked like a charm, and then sme, her spirits and renewing her determinatin. "可知，这句话像一种魔力 一样发挥了作用，应是令人惊讶地。故选D项。
21．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是，这枚奖章像一种魔力一样发挥了作用，而且还发挥了一些作用，使她振 作起来，重新下定决心。A. explaining解释;B. lifting提高;C. discvering发现;D. absrbing吸收。根据前文"it wrked like a charm, and then sme"以及后文"renewing her determinatin"可知，这枚奖章像一种魔力一样发挥了作用，而且还发挥了一些作 用，使她振作起来，重新下定决心。故选B项。
22．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:受到这次改变人生的经历的启发，斯坦普尔开始思考这样一个简单的行为如何能给那些 正在经历艰难时期的人带来希望。A, seasn季节;B. plan计划; C. experience经历;D. slutin解决方案。根据上文可知，斯坦 普尔得了抑郁症，但是一枚奖章让她重新振作，所以应是一次改变人生的经历。故选C项。
23．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:受到这次改变人生的经历的启发，斯坦普尔开始思考这样一个简单的行为如何能给那 些正在经历艰难时期的人带来希望。A. cmmn常见的;B. tugh艰难的;C. pintless无意义的;D. dangerus危险的。根据前文"Kim Stemple, a special-educatin teacher, faced terrible diseases during her stay in a Bstn hspital."可知，斯坦普尔经历了艰难 的时期。故选B项。
24．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:从这个灵感的种子中，她的慈善机构"We Finish Tgether"诞生了。A. race比赛;B. game游戏;C. secret秘密;D. seed种子。根据后文"was brn"结合选项可知，应是从种子中诞生。故选D项。
25．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:这项倡议从陌生人那里收集奖牌跑步者、舞者、游泳者、歌手，甚至是拼写比赛冠 军并将它们捐赠给需要的人。A. cllected收集;B. assessed评估;C. brrwed借;D. bught买。根据后文"dnated them t individuals in need."可知，捐赠的前提是要先收集。故选A项。
26．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:这个过程的一部分包括捐赠者在彩带上写下个性化的留言，让接受者与关心他们的人有一个独特的联系。A. prmted促进;B. insisted坚持;C. invlved包含;D. shaped塑造。根据前文"Part f the prcess"可知，这个过程的一部分应是包括捐赠者在彩带上写下个性化的留言，符合语境。故选C项。
27．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个过程的一部分包括捐赠者在彩带上写下个性化的留言，让接受者与关心他们的人有 一个独特的联系。A. cnnectin联系;B. barrier障碍;C. divisin部门;D. cnflict争执。根据前文"the dnr writing a persnalized nte n the ribbn"可知，捐赠者在彩带上写下个性化的留言，应是和接受者有一个独特的联系。故选A项。
28．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:事实上，对于那些被困在医院、与健康挑战作斗争的人来说，获得一枚奖牌、读到温暖 的信息真的有很大的不同。A. trained培训;B. stuck困(于);C. perated操作;D. warned警告。根据后文"battling health challenges"可知，与健康挑战作斗争的人应是被困在医院。故选B项。
29．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:事实上，对于那些被困在医院、与健康挑战作斗争的人来说，获得一枚奖牌、读到温暖 的信息真的有很大的不同。A. dcument文件;B. message信息;C. receipt收据;D.gif礼物。根据前文"dnr writing a persnalized nte n the ribbn"可知，应是读到温暖的信息。故选B项。
30．答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意:它提醒人们，他们在斗争中并不孤单，他们总能得到支持。A. threw away扔掉;B. put dwn放下; C. acted as担任……角色;D. drpped ut退出。根据后文"a reminder"可知，应是“担任提醒者的角色”符合语境。故选C 项。
31．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:它提醒人们，他们在斗争中并不孤单，他们总能得到支持。A. shy害着的;B. weak虚弱的;C. tired疲倦的;D. alne孤独。根据后文"that there was always supprt available t them"可知，他们总能得到支持，所以他 们在斗争中并不孤单。故选D项。
32．答案：f；a ；wh/that ；trends；elegant；nicer；featuring；t frm；will be updated ；their
解析：①考查介词。句意:为了庆祝龙年，许多灯笼都显示了中国的十二生肖，但也有各种各样的其他灯笼设计来满足不同 的需求。Year f the Dragn为固定搭配，意为"龙年"。故填f。
②考查冠词。句意同上。a wide variety f "各种各样的"。故填a。
③考查定语从句。句意:喜欢传统灯笼的游客可以找到有花鸟和传奇人物的灯笼，而具有现代图案的灯笼，如文化潮流和网络游戏，在年轻人中越来越受欢迎。空处引导定语从句，先行词Visitrs，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词 that/wh引导。故填that/wh。
④考查名词复数。句意同上。空处和nline games并列，需填名词复数形式trends表示泛指，作宾语。故填trends。
⑤考查形容词。句意:除了优雅的工艺，现代技术，如3D打印和人工智能也被用来使灯笼更漂亮，更生动。空处修饰名词craftsmanship，需用形容词elegant，作定语。故填elegant。
⑥考查比较级。句意同上。分析句子结构，根据下文"mre vivid(更生动) "可知本句使用了形容词的比较级，空白处应填 形容词的比较级形式。故填nicer。
⑦考查非谓语动词。句意:一套以东汉(公元25-220年)著名的“青铜马踏飞燕”雕像为特色的灯笼，是用轮胎和塑料等 不同的废料制成的外部装饰。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，A set f lanterns和feature为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在 分词形式。故填featuring。
⑨考查动词时态语态。句意:这些花灯将会更新，以跟上其他中国传统节日，如清明节和端午节。此处表示将要发生 的事情，使用一般将来时，主语The sets f lanterns和update为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填will be updated。
⑩考查代词。句意:游客还可以在观赏灯笼的过程中欣赏民间艺术和中国音乐表演。修饰名词turs需用形容词性物主代词their，作定语。故填their。
33．答案：
Our Cultural Festival n Campus
Our schl recently held an amazing Cultural Festival!
It was a vibrant shwcase f diverse cultures. We enjyed clrful perfrmances, delicius fds, and engaging activities frm arund the wrld. Frm traditinal dances t extic dishes, there was smething fr everyne t enjy. It was such a fantastic pprtunity that we can learn abut different cultures and make new friends.
The festival brught us tgether and celebrated the beauty f diversity n ur campus. It was truly a memrable experience fr all wh participated in it.
34．答案：
Suddenly, Peter came acrss the same ld man again. Face caked with the sweat and dust, Peter came up t the ld man, panting and begging: “culd yu help me, please? I’m lst.” Lking upn and carefully studying his face, the man gt up slwly and led the way with a stick. “Yu lks like a child wh nce helped me.” murmured the ld man “Thugh yu lked the same, yur minds are ppsite.” Embarrassed and guilty, Peter fllwed him in a dreadful silence, face blushing with guilty. As the distant lights grwing nearer and nearer, they arrived at the village, a ripple f excitement sweeping ver Peter.
At the entrance f the village, he met the same girl he had refused t help. On seeing Peter, the girl sprang t her feet, frwning with flame f fury: “Grandpa! It is he wh refused t help us! ” The girl’s wrds pured upn Peter’s cnscience just like cld water, making him utterly speechless. “Hw I wish I had helped them! ” he shuted in mind. After a while, Peter gathered with his brther, Handy. Face written with dreadful guilt, Peter appreciated their kindness and aplgized fr his selfishness. Meanwhile, he made up his mind that he wuld take after Handy, wh spread kindness and was always willing t lend a helping hand.