江苏省无锡市锡东高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What did the man d yesterday?
A. He played music.
B. He watched a cmpetitin.
C. He practiced running in the track.
2. What did the wman rder fr lunch?
A. Fries. B. A sandwich. C. Mushrm sup.
3. What kind f mvie des the man want t watch?
A. An actin mvie. B. A cmedy. C. A hrrr film.
4. Why is the man in a hurry?
A. He is rushing hme.
B. He is late fr a meeting.
C. He is ding the running exercise.
5. What des the wman mean?
A. She thinks the man tld a lie.
B. She believes it was dangerus fr the man.
C. She feels srry abut the man's experience.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. Hw many daily things did the wman d yesterday?
A. Three. B. Fur. C. Five.
7. Where des the man need t g tday?
A. T the bank. B. T the supermarket. C. T the pst ffice
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Accrding t the man, what d yu knw abut his wife?
A. She is fnd f shpping.
B. She is nly likes certain things.
C. She wrks in a department stre.
9. What clr did the man want?
A. Black. B. Brwn. C. Blue.
10. What did the man buy?
A. A scarf. B. A pair f glves. C. A sweater.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Which state des the wman think had the best weather?
A. Suth Carlina. B. Gegia. C. Nrth Carlina.
12. Hw many types f fish did the wman catch?
A. One. B. Tw. C. Three.
13. When might the wman g back t fish next time?
A. In July. B. In Octber. C. In December.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Clleagues. B. Teacher and student. C. Parent and child.
15. What des the wman suggest the man d?
A. Save all the wrk fr the final week.
B. Use the trip time t study fr the exams.
C. Frm gd habits and get started early.
16. What are the speakers mainly talk abut?
A. A research paper. B. The classrm management. C. The plan fr the end f term.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What did the custmer think f the first fries?
A. They were unsatisfying. B. They were delicius. C. They were salty
18. Why did Gerge Crum serve the custmer extremely thin fries?
A. He wanted the custmer t be happy.
B. He was bthered by the custmer's requests.
C. He wanted t try making a new style f fries.
19. Hw did the custmer react t the last plate f fries?
A. He fund them nice. B. He refused t eat them. C. He cmplained t the chef.
20. What did Gerge Crum d with his new inventin?
A He sld the chips in stres.
B. He sld the recipe t his custmer.
C. He sld the snack idea t ther restaurants.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
A huge number f exchange prgrams and summer schl prgrams are ffered t internatinal students arund freign universities wrldwide. Tday we explain the tp student exchange prgrams -and -summer prgrams ffered t freign students.
Vienna Summer Schl
Vienna Summer Schl prvides an incredible pprtunity fr 30 bachelr-level students t research side by side with wrld tp researchers in the field f biengineering. This paid summer prgram aims t attract internatinal students and create an excellent research envirnment. This is a perfect pprtunity fr thse students wh are interested in the field f life science. The duratin f Vienna Summer Schl is frm Saturday, July 1 t August 28,2023.
SUSI Student Leaders Prgram
Bachelr-level students in Pakistan wh are interested in the tpic f public, lcal, state and federal plicy making are invited t study in the USA thrugh the shrt-tern SUSI student prgram 2023 held at the University f Massachusetts. This is an exchange prgram fr Pakistani students. All expenses and accmmdatin csts will be cvered by SUSI, s the applicatin perid is very shrt.
Hansen Leadership Exchange Prgram
The Hansen Summer Institute fr Leadership is nw pen fr the summer exchange prgram 2023. The Hansen summer prgram ffers the pprtunity t the USA and internatinal students t build better leadership skills and a cultural understanding envirnment fr the future. This 3-week summer exchange prgram is pen fr undergraduate, graduate,and dctral students with any academic backgrund.
IWP Summer Exchange Prgram
IWP Summer Exchange Prgram 2023 is a tw-week writing and culture exchange prgram fr Pakistani and Indian students in Iwa City, USA. The applicant frm 18 t 22 frm these cuntries with a backgrund in art humanities is welcme t apply. This prgram will fcus n creativity and is free fr the selected applicants. The selected candidates will wrk tgether n the creatin f paintings and sculptures.
1. Which prgram suits students wh like bilgy?
A. Vienna Summer Schl.
B. SUSI Student Leaders Prgram.
C. IWP Summer Exchange Prgram.
D. Hansen Leadership Exchange Prgram.
2. Why shuld students apply fr SUSI Student Leaders Prgram early?
A. It is fully funded.
B. It is a shrt-term prgram.
C. It is limited t pstgraduates.
D. It is supprted by the gvernment.
3. What will students in IWP Summer Exchange Prgram d?
A. Offer plicy advice.B. Cnduct research.
C. Write academic papers.D. Create artwrks.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个国际交换生项目。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Vienna Summer Schl部分“Vienna Summer Schl prvides an incredible pprtunity fr 30 bachelr-level students t research side by side with wrld tp researchers in the field f biengineering. This paid summer prgram aims t attract internatinal students and create an excellent research envirnment. This is a perfect pprtunity fr thse students wh are interested in the field f life science.(维也纳暑期学校为30名学士级学生提供了一个令人难以置信的机会，让他们与生物工程领域的世界顶尖研究人员并肩研究。这个带薪暑期项目旨在吸引国际学生，并创造一个良好的研究环境。对于那些对生命科学领域感兴趣的学生来说，这是一个绝佳的机会)”可知，Vienna Summer Schl适合对生物学感兴趣的学生。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据SUSI Student Leaders Prgram部分“All expenses and accmmdatin csts will be cvered by SUSI, s the applicatin perid is very shrt.(所有费用和住宿费用将由SUSI承担，因此申请期很短)”可知，因为所有的费用和住宿费用都由举办方承担，所以这个项目需要早早申请。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据IWP Summer Exchange Prgram部分“The selected candidates will wrk tgether n the creatin f paintings and sculptures.(被选中的候选人将共同创作绘画和雕塑作品)”可知，学生们将会一起合作创作绘画和雕塑作品，即一起创作艺术品。故选D。
B
Fr 85 years, the Harvard Study f Adult Develpment has tracked an riginal grup f 724 men and mre than 1,300 f their male and female descendants (后代) ver three generatins, asking thusands f questins and taking hundreds f measurements t find ut what really keeps peple healthy and happy.
Thrugh all the years f studying these lives, ne crucial factr stands ut fr the cnsistency and pwer f its bnd t physical health, mental health and lngevity: gd relatinships.
In 2008, researchers telephned the wives and husbands f Harvard Study cuples in their 80s every night fr eight nights. Researchers spke t each partner separately and asked them a series f questins abut their days.
On days when these men and wmen spent mre time in the cmpany f thers, they were happier. Like mst lder peple, thse in the Harvard Study experienced day-t-day rises and falls in their levels f physical pain and health difficulties. But researchers fund that the peple wh were in mre satisfying relatinships were cushined (缓冲) smewhat frm these ups and dwns f md—their happiness did nt decline as much n the days when they had mre pain. Simply put, their happy marriages seemed t have a prtective effect.
Elizabeth Gillespie, a therapist f cuples, stated that althugh mst f us fund that ur experience f relatinships might be hard, and at times, impssible, it is essential t ur well-being.
Tday we live in much mre cmplicated envirnments, s meeting ur scial needs presents different challenges. We might be sitting n a gld mine f vitality that we are nt paying attentin t, because it is hidden by the shiny appeal f smartphnes r pushed t the side by wrk demands.
4. What’s the purpse f the Harvard Study f Adult Develpment?
A. T study their lives ver three generatins.
B. T reveal the secret t health and well-being.
C. T track the descendants f an riginal grup.
D. T study the relatinship between health and happiness.
5. Hw did the researchers carry ut the study?
A. By wrking with ther researchers.
B. By tracking specific grups f peple.
C. By helping participants with scial difficulties.
D. By cmparing the results frm different peple.
6. Why did the authr mentin the examples in Paragraph 4?
A. T prvide evidence fr the bnd f health and lngevity.
B. T intrduce the cncept f physical pain and health difficulties.
C. T shw the negative impact f unhappy marriages n lder peple’s md.
D. T supprt the psitive impact f satisfying relatinships n peple’s lives.
7. Accrding t Elizabeth Gillespie, what is essential t ur well-being?
A. Having gd scial cnnectins.
B. Declining pains and difficulties.
C. Overcming ups and dwns f md.
D. Experiencing rises and falls f physical health.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文通过对哈佛大学成人发展研究的项目的阐述说明了友好的社交关系对幸福至关重要。
【详解】1. 推理判断题。由第一段“Fr 85 years, the Harvard Study f Adult Develpment has tracked an riginal grup f 724 men and mre than 1,300 f their male and female descendants (后代) ver three generatins, asking thusands f questins and taking hundreds f measurements t find ut what really keeps peple healthy and happy.(85年来，哈佛大学成人发展研究追踪了一个由724名男性及其1300多名男性和女性后代组成的原始群体，历时三代，提出了数千个问题，并进行了数百次测量，以找出真正让人们保持健康和快乐的因素。)”可知，哈佛大学成人发展研究的目的是揭示健康和幸福的秘密。故选 B。
2.细节理解题。由第三段“In 2008,researchers telephned the wives and husbands f Harvard Study cuples in their 80s every night fr eight nights. Researchers spke t each partner separately and asked them a series f questins abut their days.(2008年，研究人员连续八晚每晚给哈佛大学研究中的80多岁夫妇的妻子和丈夫打电话。研究人员分别与每对伴侣交谈，并问了他们一系列关于日常生活的问题)”可知，研究者通过追踪特定群体来实施研究。故选 B。
3. 推理判断题。由第二段“Thrugh all the years f studying these lives, ne crucial factr stands ut fr the cnsistency and pwer f its bnd t physical health, mental health and lngevity: gd relatinships.(通过多年来对这些生活的研究，有一个关键因素突出了它与身体健康、心理健康和寿命之间的一致性和力量：良好的人际关系。)”；第三自然段提及研究及研究对象“cuples in their 80s(80多岁的夫妇)”、研究过程及研究方法，第四段讲研究过程中的发现。第四段“But researchers fund that the peple wh were in mre satisfying relatinships were cushined (缓冲) smewhat frm these ups and dwns f md—their happiness did nt decline as much n the days when they had mre pain. Simply put, their happy marriages seemed t have a prtective effect.(但研究人员发现，那些处于更令人满意的关系中的人在一定程度上缓解了情绪的起伏——他们的幸福感在经历更多痛苦的日子里并没有下降那么多。简单地说，他们幸福的婚姻似乎起到了保护作用。)”可知通过具体的例子，使读者可以更加直观地理解这个研究结果，并且更容易接受这个结论的可信度。即为了支持令人满意的关系对人们生活的积极影响。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。由第五段“... althugh mst f us fund that ur experience f relatinships might be hard, and at times, impssible, it is essential t ur well-being(虽然我们大多数人发现我们的人际关系经历可能很难，有时甚至是不可能的，但它对我们的幸福至关重要)”可知，Elizabeth Gillespie 认为 experience f relatinships(关系体验)即拥有好的社交关系对幸福至关重要。故此选 A。
C
Is the end f hmewrk near? As new pwerful artificial intelligence tls like ChatGPT take the Internet by strm, teachers cncerned with AI-driven cheating are questining their teaching and assessment methds.
ChatGPT, the mst pwerful AI language mdel ever develped by the cmpany OpenAI, remembers the thread f yur dialgue，using previus questins and answers t infrm its next respnses. Deriving its answers frm huge vlumes f infrmatin n the Internet, it is fine-tuned using bth supervised and reinfrcement learning. It is capable f generating natural-sunding text n demand in just a few secnds. The quality f the cpy it prduces is sufficient t impress teachers in secndary and higher educatin, and even researchers.
The use f AI tls in cpy-writing has sparked an utcry arund the wrld. In the United States，public schls in New Yrk and Seattle have decided t blck ChatGPT frm their devices and WiFi netwrks. In France, the prestigius Sciences P university in Paris has als just annunced a strict ban n its use. But experts questin whether bans like these are really effective. On ne hand, students will always be able t access tls like ChatGPT thrugh ther means than schl devices. On the ther hand, sme questin the relevance f blcking access t a digital tl whse use is likely t grw in the prfessinal wrld in the cming years.
Amelie Crdier, a lecturer in artificial intelligence at Lyn University, ntes that students haven’t waited fr ChatGPT t try t escape the chre f hmewrk — whether by phtcpying the library encyclpedia, cpy-pasting cntent frm Wikipedia r enlisting their parents’ help. “What is ultimately very imprtant in the learning prcess is nt s much the subject n which yu learn, it’s the methdlgy that yu learn t develp arund that subject,” Crdier said.
8. Why des the authr raise a questin in paragraph 1?
A. T aruse the readers’ interest.
B. T shw the ppularity f ChatGPT.
C. T present the creativity f artificial intelligence.
D. T reveal the negative effects f artificial intelligence.
9. What des paragraph 2 mainly tell us abut ChatGPT?
A. Its language mdel.B. Its wrking thery.
C. Its design inspiratin.D. Its develpment prcess.
10. Which f the fllwing is prbably the reasn fr the experts’ questin?
A. Students can always emply AI tls in ther ways.
B. Teachers and researchers are impressed by ChatGPT.
C. The bans have been annunced nly in the US and France.
D. AI tls have already been widely applied in prfessinal fields.
11. What plays a critical rle in learning accrding t Crdier?
A. Parents’ help.B. The system f methds.
C. The library encyclpedia.D. The cntent frm Wikipedia.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了学生们正在用ChatGPT做作业，学校应该禁止使用这一类人工智能工具，还是应该接受它们。
【8题详解】
推理判断题，根据第一段“Is the end f hmewrk near? As new pwerful artificial intelligence tls like ChatGPT take the Internet by strm, teachers cncerned with AI-driven cheating are questining their teaching and assessment methds.(作业快结束了吗？随着ChatGPT等强大的新型人工智能工具在互联网上风靡，担心人工智能作弊的教师们开始质疑自己的教学和评估方法)”可知，作者提出这一问题旨在引起读者的阅读兴趣，故选A项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“ChatGPT, the mst pwerful AI language mdel ever develped by the cmpany OpenAI, remembers the thread f yur dialgue，using previus questins and answers t infrm its next respnses. Deriving its answers frm huge vlumes f infrmatin n the Internet, it is fine-tuned using bth supervised and reinfrcement learning. It is capable f generating natural-sunding text n demand in just a few secnds. The quality f the cpy it prduces is sufficient t impress teachers in secndary and higher educatin, and even researchers.( ChatGPT是OpenAI公司开发的最强大的人工智能语言模型，它可以记住你的对话线索，使用之前的问题和答案来告知它的下一个回答。它从互联网上大量的信息中得到答案，并使用监督学习和强化学习进行微调。它能够在几秒钟内按需生成听起来自然的文本。它产生的副本的质量足以打动中学和高等教育的教师，甚至研究人员)”可知，本段主要介绍了ChatGPT的工作原理。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But experts questin whether bans like these are really effective. On ne hand, students will always be able t access tls like ChatGPT thrugh ther means than schl devices.(但专家质疑这样的禁令是否真的有效。一方面，学生将永远能够通过学校设备以外的其他方式访问ChatGPT等工具)”可知，学生总是能够通过学校设备以外的其他方式访问ChatGPT等工具。故选A项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题，根据第四段“What is ultimately very imprtant in the learning prcess is nt s much the subject n which yu learn, it’s the methdlgy that yu learn t develp arund that subject(在学习过程中，最重要的不是你学习的科目，而是你围绕该科目学习的方法)”可知，在学习过程中，最终非常重要的不是你学习的科目，而是你围绕该科目学习的方法。故选B项。
D
With nearly a quarter f glbal greenhuse gas cming frm all types f transprtatin, can we keep urselves ff gas-pwered vehicles t avid the wrst effects? As mre gvernments push fr urgent actin n climate change, quite a few cmpanies are betting their future – that millins f cnsumers are finally ready fr electricity-pwered vehicles. Mdern battery-pwered cars are selling fast and zer- emissin ( 排放) planes are cming. These changes, bth leading t a mre sustainable future, are reinventing hw we get frm here t there.
Cars and trucks are underging their greatest imprvement since the autmbile’s (汽车) existence mre than a century ag. Almst vernight the era f the electric car has arrived. Electricity has the advantage that it wrks withut smell and with less nise. Glbal annual sales f electric vehicles are expected t sar frm just ver 3 millin tday t 14 millin by 2025. Just a mnth after Frd unveiled an electric versin f the ppular F-150, custmers had reserved mre than 100,000 f them. The price is abut $10,000 abve the gas-pwered ne, but Frd says the electric mdel will cst much less t maintain. Everything creating a green revlutin n the grund is f limited help in the sky fr the time being.
High-strage batteries are useless at present when it cmes t the technlgical challenge f launching a few hundred peple int the sky and carrying them thusands f miles. N battery yet invented can pwer, say, a Being 747 frm New Yrk t Lndn. Prmising imprvements, hwever, d add up. Develpments with zer-emissin, battery-pwered electric engines are already happening in cmmercial flight, invlving trips f limited duratin and distance. Airlines specializing in shrt jurneys with small planes will lead the way t electric flight.
Our planet’s health depends n zering ut carbn dixide emissins by 2050, and yet, by the timetable needed t address the climate challenge, the shift away frm gas-pwered vehicles remains far t slw. Nevertheless, the train has left the statin. Smeday, electric-pwered transprtatin will be as cmmn as air.
12. Why are many cmpanies switching t electricity-pwered vehicles?
A. T reinvent the way we travel.
B. T cut the csts f car prductin.
C. T imprve the quality f prducts.
D. T pursue sustainable develpment.
13. What d we knw abut the electric car?
A. It came int use a century ag.
B. It enjys increasing ppularity.
C. It sells better than the traditinal ne.
D. It csts less than the gas-pwered ne.
14. What des the authr intend t d in Paragraph 3?
A. T shw the disadvantages f battery pwer.
B T emphasize the significance f shrt flights.
C. T stress the future prspects f electric planes.
D. T state the develpments f cmmercial flight.
15. What des the authr mean by saying “the train has left the statin”?
A. Train transprtatin has imprved.
B. Green transprtatin is n its way.
C. The electric train is running regularly.
D. The gas-pwered train has becme the past.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了电动汽车应用的益处与仍然存在的不足，同时说明了电力运输的未来前景。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段关键句“As mre gvernments push fr urgent actin n climate change, quite a few cmpanies are betting their future – that millins f cnsumers are finally ready fr electricity-pwered vehicles. Mdern battery-pwered cars are selling fast and zer- emissin planes are cming. These changes, bth leading t a mre sustainable future, are reinventing hw we get frm here t there.”（随着越来越多的政府推动对气候变化采取紧急行动，相当多的公司押注他们的未来——数百万消费者终于准备好使用电动汽车了。现代电池驱动的汽车卖得很快，零排放的飞机也即将问世。这些变化，既导致了一个更可持续的未来，也在重塑我们从这里到那里的方式。）可知，许多公司转向开发并销售电动汽车是为了追求可持续发展。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段关键句“Almst vernight, the era f the electric car has arrived.”（几乎一夜之间，电动汽车的时代已经到来。）及“Glbal annual sales f electric vehicles are expected t sar frm just ver 3 millin tday t 14 millin by 2025. Just a mnth after Frd unveiled an electric versin f the ppular F-150, custmers had reserved mre than 100,000 f them.”（预计到2025年，全球电动汽车的年销量将从目前的300多万辆飙升至1400万辆。在福特推出受欢迎的F-150电动版仅一个月后，客户就预订了超过10万辆。）可知，电动汽车越来越受欢迎。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“High-strage batteries are useless at present when it cmes t the technlgical challenge f launching a few hundred peple int the sky and carrying them thusands f miles.”（目前，高容量电池在将数百人发射到天空并携带他们飞行数千英里的技术挑战方面毫无用处。）及“Prmising imprvements, hwever, d add up.”（然而，有希望的改进确实增加了。）及全段内容可知，本段作者强调电动飞机的未来前景。故选C项。
【15题详解】
句意猜测题。根据文章最后一段关键句“Our planet’s health depends n zering ut carbn dixide emissins by 2050, and yet, by the timetable needed t address the climate challenge, the shift away frm gas-pwered vehicles remains far t slw.”（我们星球的健康取决于到2050年消除二氧化碳排放，然而，按照应对气候挑战所需的时间表，从汽油驱动的汽车转向天然气驱动的速度仍然太慢。）及“Nevertheless, the train has left the statin. Smeday, electric-pwered transprtatin will be as cmmn as air.”（然而，火车已经离开了车站。总有一天，电力运输会像空气一样普及。）可知，作者说“火车已经离开了车站”是为了表明电力运输的使用已经起航，绿色交通正在发展中。故选B项。
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
Accrding t a cmmn saying, “Hnesty is the best plicy.” But in daily life, hnesty can be difficult. Lying ften seems like a gd way t make peple happy r avid being punished fr mistakes. Sme peple lie ut f habit, withut even realizing they’re ding it. ___16___
One bvius reasn fr hnesty is that lies are difficult t maintain. There’s always a chance that the persn yu lied t will find ut the truth. Is the advantage frm lying really wrth the risk? ___17___ If yu make up a stry, yu have t remember all the details. And the mre lies yu tell, the mre stries yu have t remember. But if yu tell the truth, yu will never have truble remembering. This saves yu effrt and makes cnversatins less stressful fr yu.
___18___ Peple wh believe yur lies might make bad decisins because f them. And a lie abut smene else culd destry that persn’s reputatin. If yur friends find ut yu lied t them, their feelings will be hurt. They will questin whether they can trust yu r wnder whether yu care abut them. ___19___ This will help yu in every area f yur life. Business deals, friendships, family and ther relatinships all depend n trust.
Hnesty, hwever, desn’t mean that yu have t say everything yu think. ___20___ Hnesty means that when yu speak, yu tell the truth withut hlding any infrmatin back. When yu d that, yu will feel mre relaxed and enjy strnger relatinships.
A. But despite all this, hnesty is really wrth the effrt.
B. S in ur life, we shuld avid lying t win a gd chance.
C. It means yu nly tell the truth, r white lies when necessary.
D. Anther bvius reasn t avid lying is that lying can harm thers.
E. Smetimes it’s best t remain silent if yur wrds might hurt smene else.
F. Lies are als difficult t hide because they are harder t remember than the truth.
G. In cntrast, if yu always tell the truth, yu will develp the reputatin fr hnesty.
【答案】16. A 17. F 18. D 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。人们在日常生活中由于各种原因经常会说谎，但是诚实确实值得努力。文章介绍了说谎的害处以及诚实做人的理由。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Lying ften seems like a gd way t make peple happy r avid being punished fr mistakes. Sme peple lie ut f habit, withut even realizing they’re ding it.”（说谎似乎是让人们开心或避免因错误而受到惩罚的好方法。有些人说谎是出于习惯，甚至没有意识到他们在说谎）以及下文讲述诚实做人的理由可知，选项与上文为转折关系，说明要诚实做人，且引起下文。故A项“但尽管如此，诚实是值得努力的”切题。故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“If yu make up a stry, yu have t remember all the details. And the mre lies yu tell, the mre stries yu have t remember.(如果你编一个故事，你必须记住所有的细节。你说的谎言越多，你要记住的故事就越多。)”可知，此处是指记住谎言很难，所以选项F“谎言也很难隐藏，因为它们比真相更难记住。”切合文意。故选F项
【18题详解】
根据上文“One bvius reasn fr hnesty is that lies are difficult t maintain.”（诚实的一个明显原因是谎言很难维持。）可知，本段是说要诚实做人的另一个原因。D选项“避免说谎的另一个明显原因是说谎会伤害他人”切题。且与下文“Peple wh believe yur lies might make bad decisins because f them”（相信你的谎言的人可能会因此做出错误的决定）一致，ne…anther“一个……另一个”，故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据后文“This will help yu in every area f yur life. Business deals, friendships, family an rmantic relatinships all depend n trust.(这对你生活的方方面面都有帮助。商业交易、友谊、家庭和浪漫关系都依赖于信任。)”可知，此处是指诚实会为人带来好的声誉，所以选项G“相反，如果你总是说实话，你就会养成诚实的名声。”切合文意。This指代的是上文的the reputatin fr hnesty。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Hnesty, hwever, desn’t mean that yu have t say everything yu think.(然而，诚实并不意味着你必须说出你所想的一切。)”可知，选项解释其原因，所以选项E“有时候，如果你的话可能会伤害到别人，最好还是保持沉默。”切合文意。故选E项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（满分30分）
第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Hungry and thirsty n ur way hme, my yung sister and I came acrss a splendid plum tree with bright reddish fruit. It belnged t an elderly disabled lady knwn fr giving___21___ in return fr an errand(差事).
We kncked n her dr asking fr sme plums in payment fr___22___an errand. The lady smiled and gave us tw___23___baskets. When we filled the baskets with the ripest plums we picked, she handed us a bag with fresh meat, rice and dried beans. “Take this bag and ne basket f plums t the Gmez family n the tp f this hill,___24___with their payment and yu will___25___yurs.”
With great expectatins t get ur plums after the errand, we rushed t the Gmez hme. Mrs. Gmez___26___ the dr with three little children behind her. Her husband was sick in bed and times were___27___. We tld her ur intentin___28___, She didn’t seem ___29___but appreciated it with the payment, a large envelpe stuffed full. Culd the Gmez ___30___t pay s much fr the fd? It lked like much mney. Our___31___wasn’t cleared until we handed the envelpe t the plum lady. “Lvely!” The lady said in delight as she pulled the___32___ ut f the envelpe. In her hands were clrful drawings frm the Gmez children, the Gmez’s payment fr her fd. My sister and I___33___each ther and brke ut in smiles.
As we walked hme, we enjyed the___34___frm the lady. The juice running dwn ur arms was as sweet and warm as the___35___we had inside.
21. A. juiceB. riceC. meatD. fruit
22. A. rejectingB. cancellingC. fferingD. running
23. A. largeB. cleanC. emptyD. firm
24. A. departB. returnC. surviveD. travel
25. A. makeB. purchaseC. btainD. increase
26. A. lckedB. answeredC. decratedD. painted
27 A. hardB. changeableC. differentD. unsettled
28. A. dubtfullyB. patientlyC. helplesslyD. secretly
29. A. annyedB. injuredC. disappintedD. surprised
30. A. affrdB. refuseC. expectD. accept
31. A. chequeB. appintmentC. cnfusinD. baskets
32. A. cntentsB. ntesC. stampsD. letters
33. A. calmed dwnB. cmpeted withC. apprved fD. lked at
34. A. assistanceB. treatC. cmpanyD. cmfrt
35. A. wishB. prmiseC. feelingD. appetite
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和妹妹为了得到梅子，帮助一位女士跑腿，结果看到这位女士帮助Gmez一家，报酬只是孩子的画，感到温暖和甜蜜。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它属于一位年老的残疾女士，以送水果换取差事而闻名。A. juice果汁；B. rice大米；C. meat肉；D. fruit水果。根据前文“Hungry and thirsty n ur way hme, my yung sister and I came acrss a splendid plum tree with bright reddish fruit.”可知，前文提到梅子树，它属于这位女士，所以女士用水果换取差事。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们敲开她的门，要一些梅子作为她跑腿的报酬。A. rejecting拒收；B. cancelling取消；C. ffering供应；D. running运行，跑。根据前文“It belnged t an elderly disabled lady knwn fr giving 1 in return fr an errand”可知，这位女士会以送水果换取差事，所以作者和妹妹希望要一些梅子作为她跑腿的报酬，running an errand意为“跑腿”。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那位女士笑了笑，给了我们两个空篮子。当我们把摘的最成熟的梅子装满篮子时，她递给我们一袋鲜肉、大米和干豆子。A. large大的；B. clean干净的；C. empty空的；D. firm坚固的。根据后文“When we filled the baskets with the ripest plums we picked”可知，之后作者和妹妹用篮子装满了梅子，所以开始给的是空篮子。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：把这个袋子和一篮子李子带到山顶上的Gmez家，带着他们的钱回来，你们就会得到你们的。A. depart离开；B. return返回；C. survive幸存；D. travel旅行。根据后文“It lked like much mney. Our 11 wasn’t cleared until we handed the envelpe t the plum lady.”可知，作者和妹妹需要带着钱回到梅子女士家。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：把这个袋子和一篮子李子带到山顶上的戈麦斯家，带着他们的钱回来，你们就会得到你们的。A. make制作；B. purchase购买；C. btain获得；D. increase提高。根据前文“We kncked n her dr asking fr sme plums in payment fr 2 an errand. ”可知，作者和妹妹希望通过跑腿换水果，所以此处是他们把钱带回来，就能得到自己的报酬。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：戈麦斯太太开了门，身后有三个小孩。A. lcked锁上；B. answered回答；C. decrated装饰；D. painted在…上刷油漆。根据前文“With great expectatins t get ur plums after the errand, we rushed t the Gmez hme.”可知，作者和妹妹赶去了Gmez家，所以此处是Mrs. Gmez开门，answered the dr意为“应门”。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她丈夫卧病在床，日子过得很艰难。A. hard困苦的；B. changeable可变的；C. different不同的；D. unsettled多变的。根据前文“Mrs. Gmez 6 the dr with three little children behind her. Her husband was sick in bed”可知，Gmez家有三个孩子，丈夫还卧病在床，所以是日子过得很艰难。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们耐心地告诉了她我们的打算，她似乎并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的大信封表示感谢。A. dubtfully迟疑地；B. patiently耐心地；C. helplessly无助地；D. secretly秘密地。根据前文“Take this bag and ne basket f plums t the Gmez family n the tp f this hill, 4 with their payment and yu will 5 yurs.”可知，梅子女士要求作者和妹妹给Gmez一家送食物，并拿回钱，之后他们就能获得梅子，事情有点绕，所以需要耐心解释。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们耐心地告诉了她我们的打算，她似乎并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的大信封表示感谢。A. annyed恼怒；B. injured受伤的；C. disappinted失望的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据前文“We tld her ur intentin”以及后文“but appreciated it with the payment”中的转折可知，对于作者和妹妹到来目的并不惊讶，而是用一个塞满了钱的大信封表示感谢。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gmez一家付得起这么多钱买食物吗?A. affrd买得起；B. refuse拒绝；C. expect预料；D. accept接受。根据前文“Her husband was sick in bed and times were 7 .”可知，作者看到Gmez一家的情况，猜想是否能付得起这么多钱买食物。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的困惑直到我们把信封递给那位梅子女士才消除。A. cheque支票；B. appintment约定；C. cnfusin困惑；D. baskets篮子。根据前文“Culd the Gmez 10 t pay s much fr the fd? ”可知，作者对Gmez一家是否能付得起这么多钱买食物而有疑问，所以此处是困惑。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“可爱!”这位女士高兴地说，她把里面的东西从信封里抽出来。A. cntents所含之物；B. ntes笔记；C. stamps邮票；D. letters信。根据后文“In her hands were clrful drawings frm the Gmez children, the Gmez’s payment fr her fd.”可知，是女士把信封里的东西拿出来，是Gmez家的孩子画的画。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和妹妹面面相觑，笑了起来。A. calmed dwn冷静下来；B. cmpeted with与...竞争；C. apprved f赞同；D. lked at看。根据前文“Culd the Gmez 10 t pay s much fr the fd? It lked like much mney.”以及“In her hands were clrful drawings frm the Gmez children, the Gmez’s payment fr her fd.”可知，作者和妹妹担心Gmez一家是否有足够的钱，结果他们是用小孩的画支付，所以作者和妹妹感到惊讶，面面相觑。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，我们享受着这位女士的款待。A. assistance帮助；B. treat款待；C. cmpany公司；D. cmfrt安慰。根据前文“Take this bag and ne basket f plums t the Gmez family n the tp f this hill, 4 with their payment and yu will 5 yurs. ”可知，作者和妹妹完成了梅子女士的跑腿任务，获得了梅子，所以是享受着这位女士的款待。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：流淌在我们手臂上的果汁就像我们内心的感觉一样甜蜜温暖。A. wish希望；B. prmise诺言；C. feeling感觉；D. appetite食欲。根据前文可知Gmez一家过得很艰难，而梅子女士帮助他们，报酬只是Gmez家孩子的话，梅子女士的善举，让作者很感动，内心感到温软和甜蜜，所以此处是表达“内心的感觉”之意。故选C项。
第二节 短文语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
The kite is a symbl f the Chinese handicraft. ___36___ (fly) a kite is a very ppular activity in all generatins in China. It is easy t find the scene, ___37___ there are large numbers f peple gathering t the squares and hlding lines ___38___ (cntrl) beautiful kites in the blue sky.
Making and playing kites became very ppular in Weifang area, Shandng Prvince during the Tang and Sng Dynasties. At that time, every year in spring when the Tmb-Sweeping Day came, the weather became warm. It was ___39___ gd time t display the kites as well as enjy the warm weather and the fresh air. The traditin has been well kept until tday and has becme the wrld-famus Weifang Internatinal Kite Festival, which ___40___ (celebrate) frm 20th t 25th in April every year. Since 1984, dzens f cuntries and regins frm all ver the wrld ___41___ (jin) in the festival.
Teams frm hme and abrad gather here t fly ___42___ (they) well-designed kites t the sky. Apart ___43___ the traditinal patterns such as swallws, butterflies, and triangles, yu will be amazed by the ___44___ (create) thinking shwn in these kites. There are animals like fish, dragns, dlphins, cartn _____45_____ (figure) like Flwer Fairies, Supermen, and ther shapes like spaceships, and satellites. Peple say there is nthing yu cannt fly t the sky in Weifang.
【答案】36. Flying
37. where 38. t cntrl
39. a 40. is celebrated
41. have jined
42. their 43. frm
44. creative
45. figures
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了山东潍坊的风筝节的历史以及目前的特色。
【36题详解】
考查动名词。句意：在中国，放风筝是一项非常受欢迎的活动。动名词作主语，应用flying，设空处在句首，应首字母大写。故填Flying。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：很容易找到这样的场景，那里有大量的人聚集在广场上，在蓝天中排队控制美丽的风筝。先行词为scene，作非限制性定语从句的地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：很容易找到这样的场景，那里有大量的人聚集在广场上，在蓝天中排队控制美丽的风筝。设空处在where引导的非限制性定语从句中，其谓语为are，设空处为非谓语，作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填t cntrl。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是一个展示风筝以及享受温暖的天气和新鲜空气的好时机。a gd time为“一个好时机”表泛指，gd辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：这个传统一直保存到今天，并成为世界闻名的潍坊国际风筝节，每年4月20日至25日举行。此处考查非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，celebrate与其逻辑主语，即先行词the wrld-famus Weifang Internatinal Kite Festival之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，先行词为第三人称单数，故be动词为is，故填is celebrated。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：自1984年以来，来自世界各地的几十个国家和地区参加了这个节日。根据时间状语 Since 1984，句子的谓语动词用现在完成时，主语为dzens f cuntries and regins，为复数，助动词用have。故填have jined。
【42题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：来自国内外的队伍聚集在这里，放飞他们精心设计的风筝。主语为Teams frm hme and abrad，为第三人称作主语，为复数，故名词短语well-designed kites前用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：除了燕子、蝴蝶和三角形等传统图案外，你还会对这些风筝所表现出的创造性思维感到惊讶。此处考查介词短语apart frm，意为“除……之外”，后接宾语 the traditinal patterns，介词短语作状语。设空处应填介词frm。故填frm。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了燕子、蝴蝶和三角形等传统图案外，你还会对这些风筝所表现出的创造性思维感到惊讶。修饰名词thinking，应用形容词creative，意为“有创造力的，有想象力的”，作前置定语。故填creative。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：有像鱼、龙、海豚这样的动物，像花仙子、超人这样的卡通人物，还有像宇宙飞船和卫星这样的其他形状。名词figure意为“（绘画或模型中）人像”，为可数名词，后接介词短语like Flwer Fairies, Supermen，故应用名词复数，与fish, dragns, dlphins并列，作like的宾语。cartn figures意为“卡通形象，卡通人物”。故填figures。
第四部分 书面表达（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是高中生李华，在报纸上看到你所在城市的博物馆招募志愿讲解员 (museum vlunteer dcent)，你对此很感兴趣，请写一封申请信给博物馆。内容包括：
1. 表达申请意愿；
2. 你的优势（至少两点） 。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
T whm it may cncern,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】T whm it may cncern,
I am Li Hua, a senir high student wh has a passin fr vlunteer wrk. Learning frm the newspaper that yu are recruiting sme museum vlunteer dcents, I’m eagerly writing t apply fr the psitin.
I feel I’m cmpetent t be a museum dcent. T begin with, with particular interest in histry and culture, I nce wrked as a dcent in the histry museum f my schl, which makes me experienced in such a jb. Besides, sciable and respnsible, I d believe I’m perfectly qualified fr the jb as a vlunteer.
I’ll appreciate it if yu culd cnsider my applicatin. Lking frward t yur early reply.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封申请信给博物馆，申请当志愿讲解员，内容包括：1. 表达申请意愿；2. 你的优势 。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
急切地：eagerly→urgently
职位：psitin→pst
能胜任的：cmpetent→qualified
另外：besides→mrever
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Lking frward t yur early reply.
拓展句：I am expecting that yu can reply as early as pssible.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am Li Hua, a senir high student wh has a passin fr vlunteer wrk.（运用了wh引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]T begin with, with particular interest in histry and culture, I nce wrked as a dcent in the histry museum f my schl, which makes me experienced in such a jb.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mrs. Murphy had been wrking as a cafeteria (自助餐厅) emplyee at Cypress Valley Schl fr fur years and there was n jb in the whle wrld that she lved mre than that. In fact, Mrs. Murphy liked t stay with these cute children. The wman’s face lit up every time she served lunch t the little children and saw their smiles.
One day after serving the kids fd, Mrs. Murphy was talking t her c-wrker when she nticed smething strange. She saw a little girl at the far end f the cafeteria wh finished nly half f her lunch and filled the rest in a lunch bx. “Is she nt feeling well? Why didn’t she eat?” Mrs. Murphy was puzzled as the girl std up and walked away.
The next day, when the girl came t the cafeteria, the same thing happened. She divided the fd int tw equal parts, placed ne half in her lunch bx, and ate nly the ther half. Mrs. Murphy became cncerned when this cntinued fr several days, s she decided t fllw her ne day.
She saw that the yung girl went in the ppsite directin f the schl after class, which led t a deserted neighbrhd. “Why wuld she g there after schl?” The elderly wman wndered as she fllwed the girl, taking care nt t be nticed.
After a cuple f minutes, she nticed the girl was walking int an alley (胡同) where a small by sat n the grund. The girl smiled and apprached the by. “Claire! I’m here!” The by lked up at the girl and smiled warmly. “I’ve gt sme fd fr yu, David!” She said, sitting n her knees and pening her backpack. The by enjyed the ther half f meal. The fine scene was t wnderful t be ruined. And Mrs. Murphy firmly believed that she had t d smething t help them.
注意：1. 续写词数共150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Just then, Mrs. Murphy apprached them.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Hearing this Mrs. Murphy’s heart was full f sympathy (同情) fr the tw children.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Just then, Mrs. Murphy apprached them. Claire gt frightened when she saw Mrs. Murphy there. The by was s shcked that he frgt t swallw. Mrs. Murphy smiled warmly at them. “I nticed that yu’ve been packing half f yur lunch with yu. I just want t make sure yu are fine,” she said gently. Claire lked dwn at her feet, feeling embarrassed. “I am srry, Mrs. Murphy. I just want t bring sme fd t my friend David. He desn’t have enugh t eat,” she explained.
Hearing this, Mrs. Murphy’s heart was full f sympathy fr the tw children. She wuld like t give a hand t them. Lking at Claire’s nervus face, she cmfrted, “What yu’re ding is right, Claire. Helping smene in need is a gd thing. But there might be a better way t help him.” Then she turned t the by and said gently, “Dn’t wrry. I’m here t help. Let’s g back t the cafeteria and I’ll make sure that bth f yu have enugh t eat.” She tk their hands and led them back t the schl.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了墨菲太太是一所学校餐厅的工作人员，她喜欢和这些可爱的孩子呆在一起。有一天她发现一个小女孩把饭菜留出一半，感到担心又好奇，于是跟踪小女孩后发现，这个女孩把留出的饭菜帮助另一位小男孩。墨菲太太决定帮助他们两个。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在那时，墨菲太太走近他们。”可知，第一段可描写墨菲太太发现了小女孩留出饭菜的原因。
②由第二段首句内容“听到这个，墨菲太太对这两个孩子充满了同情。”可知，第二段可描写墨菲太太提出帮助这两个小孩。
2.续写线索：墨菲太太发现奇怪的事情——跟踪——发现原因——小女孩被发现感到害怕——解释原因——墨菲太太帮助他们两个人
3.词汇激活行为类
①注意到：nticed / sptted
②确保：make sure / ensure
③帮助：give a hand / help
情绪类
①害怕的：frightened / scared
②震惊的：shcked / astnished
【点睛】
【高分句型1】The by was s shcked that he frgt t swallw. (使用了s…that…固定句式，that引导结果状语从句)
【高分句型2】Claire lked dwn at her feet, feeling embarrassed. (使用了现在分词充当伴随状语)