高中牛津译林版 (2020)Unit 1 Lights,camera,action!学案

这是一份高中牛津译林版 (2020)Unit 1 Lights,camera,action!学案，共6页。

主谓一致是指句子主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”方面保持一致，即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语人称和数的变化而变化。
[观察思考]
①Actually，the film yu see n the screen is the prduct f a huge amunt f hard wrk，mst f which takes place behind the scenes.
②These are ften added after a scene has been sht and might nt be made in the way yu wuld expect.
③Anther aspect I attach great imprtance t is visual special effects.
④He talked t histrians t ensure that the details were crrect and even went dwn t the bttm f the Atlantic Ocean t see what was left f the ship fr himself.
⑤They have wrked fr mnths and even years s that yu can have tw hurs f enjyment!
⑥Just as the pr passengers n the real Titanic saw the tip f the iceberg，what we see n the cinema screen is just the tip f the huge iceberg f film­making.
[归纳用法]
英语中的主谓一致常见的有下列几种情况：
一、语法结构的一致
1．由连词and或连接的两个并列成分作主语，其谓语动词一般用复数。
Bth Tm and his yunger brther have passed the exam.汤姆和他弟弟都通过了考试。
注意：
(1)当and连接的两个词或词组表达的是同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数。如果这两个词都是名词，则第二个名词前不用冠词。
The peasant and writer is making a speech in the meeting rm.那位农民作家正在会议室里发表演讲。
(2)主语后有with，tgether with，like，but，as well as，except，including，rather than，besides等引导的词或短语时，谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致。
The teacher tgether with sme students is visiting the factry.老师带着一些学生正在参观工厂。
2．两个并列的名词前有each，every，n，many a等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数。
Each student and each teacher was given a ticket.
每个学生和老师都领到了一张票。
Every man and every wman is at wrk.
所有人都在工作。
Many a desk and many a bench is t be taken ut f the hall.许多课桌和凳子将被搬出大厅。
3．在正式的文体中，由nt als...，，，r等连接两个并列主语时，其谓语动词与其靠近的主语保持一致，即就近原则。there be句式也是如此。
Nt nly the students but als the teacher hasn't cme.
学生和老师都没来。
Neither the children nr the mther likes this kind f music.孩子们和妈妈都不喜欢这种音乐。
Either yu r I am t blame.你或我该受责备。
There is a bk and tw pens n the desk.
书桌上有一本书和两支钢笔。
二、意义一致原则
1．表示时间、金钱、距离、体积、重量、面积等的复数名词作主语时，通常将其视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
Tw miles is t far fr the child.
两英里的路程对这个小孩来说太远了。
2．集合名词family，class，crwd，team，gvernment，cmpany，grup等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数。
Our class is better than any ther class at playing ftball in ur schl.在我们学校，我们班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。(强调整体)
His family are waiting fr him t cme back frm abrad.他的家人正在等他回国。(强调个体)
3．当peple，plice，cattle等词作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。
The plice are searching fr the missing child.
警方正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。
4．不定代词anyne，anybdy，anything，everyne，everybdy，everything，smene，smebdy，smething，n ne，nbdy，nthing，each，the ther，either，neither等作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
Since everyne is here，let's begin ur meeting.
既然大家都到了，我们开会吧。
5．代词nne作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数，主要由说话人的意思来决定。但代表不可数名词时，谓语动词只能用单数。
Nne f them knws/knw the answers.
他们中没有人知道答案。
Nne f the infrmatin abut him has been received.
没收到一点关于他的消息。
6．专有名词作主语
表示国家、机构、事件、作品等名称的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
One Thusand and One Nights tells peple lts f mysterius flklre.
《一千零一夜》给人们讲了许多神秘的民间传说。
The United Natins plays an imprtant rle in the internatinal affairs.
联合国在国际事务中起着重要作用。
7．不定式、动词­ing形式或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Hw t slve the prblem is t be discussed at the meeting.如何解决这个问题将在会上讨论。
Whether he will help us desn't matter t much.
他是否会帮我们关系不大。
Reading in the sun is bad fr yur eyes.
在阳光下读书对眼睛有害。
三、名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数
1．当百分数或分数修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数还是用复数由名词来决定。
Abut three furths f the surface f the earth is water.地球表面大约四分之三是水。
Abut 50 percent f the students in ur schl are girls.
我们学校大约百分之五十的学生是女生。
2．由“kind(type，srt，species，prtin，series) f”等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数而不是它们后面所跟的名词。
This new type f buses is nw n shw.
(Buses f this new kind are nw n shw.)
现在正展出这种新型的公共汽车。
All kinds f difficulties have t be vercme.
必须克服各种各样的困难。
A series f debates between the lecturers was scheduled fr the next weekend.
讲师之间一系列的辩论安排在下周末举行。
3．a number f(许多)，a variety f(各种各样的)和a grup f(一群，一组)修饰名词复数形式作主语时，谓语要用复数形式。但是the number f(……的数目)和the variety f(……的种类)修饰名词作主语时，谓语要用单数形式。试比较：
A number f students are frm the suth.
许多学生来自南方。
The number f students frm the suth is large.
来自南方的学生数量很多。
A variety f tys are n sale in that shp.
那个商店出售各种各样的玩具。
The variety f gds n sale in that shp is surprising.
那个商店出售的货物品种多得惊人。
4．a quantity f后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；a quantity f后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；quantities f后无论接复数名词还是不可数名词，后面的谓语动词都用复数形式。
A large quantity f milk was wasted at that time.
那时大量的牛奶被浪费了。
Great quantities f fish are caught in the deep sea.
在深海处抓了很多鱼。
5．“many a＋单数名词”和“mre than ne＋单数名词”作主语时，虽表示复数意义，但要遵循语法一致的原则，谓语动词用单数。
Many a child was playing in the shade f the tree.
许多孩子在树荫下玩耍。
Mre than ne student has passed the examinatin.
许多学生通过了考试。
6．(1)在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词应与它所指代的先行词保持一致。
(2)在“ne f＋复数名词”结构后的定语从句中，ne f＋复数名词＋关系代词＋谓语动词复数；the (nly) ne f＋复数名词＋关系代词＋谓语动词单数。
This is ne f the bks which were written in French.
这是用法语写的书中的一本。
He is the nly ne f the bys in ur class wh has learned French.
他是我们班里唯一一个学过法语的男孩。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The teacher and writer is(be) respected by all the peple.
2．Nt nly his friends，but als he himself is(be) lking frward t the meeting.
3．That ur teacher is ging t leave us makes(make) us disappinted.
4．The family have(have) different pinins abut their ging abrad.
5．This kind f shes is(be) ppular with yung wmen.
6．A library with five thusand bks is(be) ffered t the natin as a gift.
7．The number f calries in different brands f drinks varies (vary) enrmusly.
8．Many a student has(have) made the same mistake since yesterday.
9．The Olympic Games are(be) held nce every fur years.
10．Neither my glves nr my hat ges(g) with the dress.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
Thirty years 1.is(be) nt a lng perid in histry，but every man and every wman 2.has changed(change) a lt in the past thirty years.When it cmes t the develpment f China，nne f us 3.dubt(s)(dubt) that either the surrundings r the plicy 4.has benefited(benefit) us a great deal.With thirty years' develpment，China，alng with its peple，5.is standing(stand) higher n the stage f the wrld.Althugh there 6.exists(exist) an envirnmental prblem and ther nes，like husing and crimes，the public 7.has/have(have) a strng belief that tmrrw will be better.Whether we can realize ur dream 8.depends(depend) n ur wn effrt.T cnstruct ur cuntry 9.is(be) a great hnur，s nt nly yu but als I 10.am(be) the ne wh shuld be devted t making ur cuntry a splendid ne.