高中英语牛津译林版 (2020)必修 第二册Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy学案

这是一份高中英语牛津译林版 (2020)必修 第二册Unit 2 Be sporty,be healthy学案，共5页。学案主要包含了现在进行时的被动语态，现在完成时的被动语态等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、现在进行时的被动语态
[观察思考]
①We are being killed fr the wl beneath ur stmachs.
②Our fur is being used t make sweaters fr peple like yu.
③I wnder what is being dne t help yu.
④S gd things are being dne here t save lcal wildlife.
⑤A prject abut prtecting the natural resurces is being designed.
[归纳用法]
(一)形式
(二)用法
1．表示此刻正在进行的被动动作。
She is being examined by a dctr.
她正在接受医生的检查。
2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但此动作在此时此刻不一定发生。
A new statin is being built.
一个新的车站正在建设中。
3．表示经常性的被动行为，常与always，cnstantly 等词连用。
He is always being praised by the teacher.
他总是被老师表扬。
4．与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
He may be being sclded by his father at the very mment.
此刻他也许正被他父亲责骂。
[注意事项]
1．不及物动词(短语)、非延续性动词、表示存在意义/所属关系/静态特征的动词以及系动词不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
2．一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，如have，want，need，like，realize等，一般不用于进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正在承受谓语动词表示的动作。
3．“be＋in/n/under等＋名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
二、现在完成时的被动语态
[观察思考]
①He has been admitted t the club.
②Tm's nvel has nt been published.
③Has his bike been repaired?
④Wh has been invited?
⑤Over time he has been changed quite a lt.
[归纳用法]
(一)形式
(二)用法
1．表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already，yet，never，recently等副词及时间状语s far，by nw，up till nw，since等连用。
The rm has already been cleaned.
这个房间已经被打扫干净了。(现在已经不用打扫房间了)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与fr或since等引出的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于hw lng引出的句子中。
The machine has been repaired fr tw hurs.
这台机器已经被修了两个小时。(可能还会继续被修)
3．用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。
Yu shuldn't leave schl befre yur hmewrk has been finished.
在完成作业之前你不应该离开学校。
[注意事项]
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The park was pened t the public last year.
去年这家公园向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去)
The park has been pened t the public.
这家公园已向公众开放。(说明动作发生于过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经开放了)
2．非延续性动词，如brrw，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，pen，jin等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。
The wrk was finished tw weeks ag.
这项工作在两周前完成。
The wrk has been finished.
这项工作已经完成。
3．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It is said that the prblem has been lked int.
据说已经调查这个问题了。
4．只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
We have built many huses in the past ten years.
→Many huses have been built in the past ten years.
5．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，shw，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，prmise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We have given him the bk.
→He has been given the bk.
→The bk has been given t him.
6．带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾补改为主语补足语。原来省略t的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带t的不定式。
I have tld them t help yu.
→They have been tld t help yu.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．These children are being lked(lk) after by an ld man nw.
2．Hw many cars have been made(make) in the factry since 1990?
3．Since yur wrk has been finished(finish)，yu can have a rest nw.
4．Many interesting experiments are being carried(carry) ut these days.
5．When yu get the paper back，pay special attentin t what has been marked(mark).
6．Three new schls have been pened(pen) in ur city in the past five years.
7．Wait a minute.The dishes fr the dinner are being cked(ck) in the kitchen.
8．They are living with their parents because their wn huse is being rebuilt(rebuild).
9．Every pssible means has been tried (try) t stp the bad behaviur，but they dn't wrk at all.
10．Over the past ten years，this twn has been hit (hit) twice by earthquakes.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
A university student wh recently 1.has been charged (charge) with stealing 2.is seeking(seek) prfessinal help after 3.being cnvicted(cnvict) f shplifting fr the secnd time in six mnths.
Luz，wh 4.lives(live) with her partner in Fitzwdliam Rad，Cambridge，5.admitted (admit) stealing clthes wrth ￡9.95 frm Lewis in Oxfrd Street，Lndn，n March 9.
Philip Lmyne，prsecuting(起诉)，said Luz selected sme clthes frm a display and 6.tk (take) them t the ladies' tilet in the stre.When she came ut again she 7.was wearing(wear) ne f the skirts she 8.had selected (select)，9.having taken(take) ff the anti­theft security alarm(安全防盗报警).Recently she 10.has been caught (catch) and aplgized fr her actins.肯定式
主语＋be(am，is，are)＋being＋dne
否定式
主语＋be(am，is，are)＋nt＋being＋dne
一般疑问式
be(am，is，are)＋主语＋being＋dne
特殊疑问式
疑问词＋be(am，is，are)＋主语＋being＋dne
肯定式
主语＋have/has been dne
否定式
主语＋have/has nt been dne
一般疑问式
Have/Has＋主语＋been dne
特殊疑问式
疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been dne