北京市第八十中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中测试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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八 年 级 英 语
（考试时间 90分钟 满分60分）
提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上。
在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。
知识运用（共11分）
一、单项填空（每题0.5分，共3分）
从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1 Mr. Wang is cming t ur schl. I can’t wait t see .
A. herB. himC. itD. them
2. Stp ________ s much junk fd. It’s bad fr yur health.
A. eatB. t eatC. eatsD. eating
3. —Hi, Susan. _________ have yu been in China?
—Fr abut 10 years.
A. Hw ftenB. Hw muchC. Hw lngD. Hw many
4. It was raining hard when he ________ hme.
A. gtB. getC. getsD. was getting
5. —Oh, Jack, yur MP4 player lks nice. Is it new?
—N. I ______ it fr tw years.
A. am havingB. bught
C. have hadD. have bught
6. —________ yu ________ yur hmewrk yet?
—Yes. I ________ it a mment ag.
A. Did; d; finishedB. Have; dne; finished
C. Have; dne; have finishedD. will; d; finish
二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）
通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Never t late
That mrning Sean checked the email as usual. Then he fund an unexpected email in his inbx. Culd he realize his dream late? Sean was nw nearly 40, alne and pr. He dreamed f being a plice fficer fr a lng time and never made it. Was it pssibly ___7___ this time?
When Sean was nly a 5-year-ld by, his father’s friend Paul nce ___8___ the little by hme in his plice car. Sean was interested in the car, the lights and the unifrm. He decided t be a her like Paul.
Hwever, a high schl teacher ___9___ his dream. She argued that he had a true gift fr writing and shuld nt waste it being a plice fficer. Sean fllwed his teacher’s advice and finally he became a ____10____ fr a newspaper and married. During the years, he changed several jbs but nthing made him really ____11____. His heart really wasn’t in the jb r marriage. Actually, he had never really given up his childhd dream t becme a pliceman. His wife culd nt bear this and left him when Sean was 39 years ld. Sean was ____12____ t mve back t St. Ignace, where his dad lived. “I feel like a failure,” Sean says. He was sad and lst 25 punds in a few mnths.
When his father encuraged him t search fr a new jb, the pprtunity came. Phenix was in great need f plice fficers and ne f Sean’s ld friends emailed him, “D yu still want t be a plice fficer?” “Phenix was a wrld away — 2,100 miles frm St. Ignace,” says Sean. “But here, at least, was ne mre ____13____, I felt rebrn.”
In rder t pass the test t enter the plice academy (学院), Sean ____14____ began training, setting a daily running rule f a mile and a half. Three weeks later when he arrived in Phenix, Sean was a man physically and emtinally changed. Finally, Sean passed the written exam and cmpleted the physical test. On Nv.16, 2015, Sean finished his educatin in the plice academy.
The fllwing year, Sean gt a prize because f his excellent jb. “It tk me 35 years. But a prmise is a prmise. Hw many peple can say they achieve their life’s dream?” Sean says. “I made it. It just prves that it’s never t late.”
7.
A. newB. differentC. strangeD. interesting
8.
A. guidedB. ledC. carriedD. drve
9.
A. brkeB. madeC. keptD. supprted
10.
A. teacherB. driverC. reprterD. manager
11.
A. richB. happyC. famusD. lucky
12.
A. invitedB. askedC. frcedD. rdered
13.
A. chanceB. timeC. jbD. dream
14.
A. busilyB. carefullyC. quietlyD. immediately
阅读理解（共26分）
三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
A
Belw are the intrductins t fur famus museums. Read the passage, and then help three visitrs find their wn favrite museum.
Nw, please help the fllwing visitrs make decisins:
B
A team f scientists are carrying ut a prject at the University f Greenwich in Lndn. They are trying t find ways t make fd n Mars (火星) in the future. The prject is called “Feeding Mars”. It tries t use water, fish and fish waste t grw fruit and vegetables n Mars.
It wuld take at least 21 mnths t reach Mars, learn abut its surface (表面) and return t Earth. S it wuld be a big help if the spacemen culd grw fresh fd n Mars itself.
Farming n Mars, hwever, will be very hard. There’s plenty f water that culd be taken frm ice just belw the surface, but the land n Mars is missing the nutrients (养分) that living things need. The team say they culd slve the prblem by grwing plants and fish tgether. Fish waste can then be used t prvide nutrients fr plants.
“It is expected that yu can grw lts f fd, such as vegetables, salads, teas and medicinal plants n Mars,” said Dr. Babn, wh leads the prject. “Yu can even harvest (捕获) fish fr fd then.”
18 Why wuld “Feeding Mars” be a big help t spacemen?
A. Because spacemen culd grw fresh fd n Mars itself.
B. Because fish waste can then be used t prvide nutrients fr plants.
C. Because it wuld take a lng time fr spacemen t reach Mars and return t earth
D. Because it tries t use water, fish and fish waste t grw fruit and vegetables n Mars.
19. What makes it hard t farm n Mars?
A. Ice belw the surface.B. T much fish waste.
C. The missing f living things.D. The pr land cnditin.
20. Hw des Dr. Babn feel abut Feeding Mars?
A. Hpeful.B. Awful.C. Strange.D. Funny.
C
3D Printing Will Imprve Our Fd Chices
In early summer 2016, Lndners were treated t a new trend in dining. Fd Ink, the wrld’s first 3D printing restaurant, pened t a special grup f custmers wh dined n a nine-curse meal prepared right befre their eyes using 3D printers. Even the restaurant’s tables and chairs, lamps, cups, and plates were created with 3D technlgy. With Lndn just the beginning, Fd Ink plans t bring its restaurant frm t ther cities arund the wrld.
Like ther 3D applicatins, printing fd is a prcess that builds layers (层) upn layers f material n tp f each ther. Each layer is pushed thrugh a print head t frm an bject with a desired shape, texture, size, and s n. Unlike ther 3D printing, which uses spl (绕线轮) t create bjects ut f plastic, fd materials (材料) in 3D printing are put int a syringe—like cntainer (注射器形状的容器) which are then pressed int the shape required. Any fd materials that can be pureed (煮成糊状) r turned int a paste can be used in 3D fd printing.
Fine dining is nly ne aspect f the fd industry abut t be imprved by 3D printing. Researchers have been explring ways t use 3D printing t deal with wrld hunger. Mass prductin f fd using pwdered (粉末状的) nutritinal ingredients culd help feed a grwing ppulatin. The 3D-printed fd wuld have the advantage f being prduced cheaply and having a lng shelf life. This is especially imprtant with the wrld ppulatin prjected t be 8.5 billin by 2030.
The technlgy will als enable cnsumers t quickly make meals with ingredients t suit their special health needs. Take the example f feeding elderly peple, wh ften need t have their fd pureed because they have prblems with swallwing and chewing (咀嚼). Many elderly peple did nt like their fd like pureed fd and they dn’t eat it. The Netherlands Organizatin fr applied scientific research is turning t 3D printing t mash up peas, cabbages, and carrts t prduce 3D-printed versins f the vegetables. These are easier t chew but keep their shape because f the additin f a gelling agent (胶凝剂). The 3D-printed vegetables are being served thrughut nursing hmes in Germany.
It seems that there is n end t the ptential (潜力) f 3D printing. In 2013, NASA ffered a large amunt f mney t develp a functinal 3D fd printer. The printer aims t create nutritinal fd t feed astrnauts n lng space missins. Frm creating special restaurant meals, t imprving nutritin, t ptentially feeding the wrld, 3D fd printing is creating exciting new pssibilities fr fd.
21. What can we learn abut 3D fd printing?
A. 3D fd printing is develping fr astrnauts n space missins.
B 3D fd printing ends wrld hunger with its cheaply-prduced fd.
C. 3D fd printing is being widely applied in fine dining restaurants.
D. 3D fd printing differs frm ther 3D printing in the prcess f building layers.
22. What des Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?
A. 3D fd printing slves the elders’ eating prblems with pureed fd.
B. Cnsumers can use 3D fd printing quickly t make healthy meals.
C. The Netherlands Organizatin is ding research n 3D fd printing.
D. 3D fd printing technlgy will meet peple’s special health needs.
23. What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T explain hw 3D fd printing wrks.
B. T discuss what 3D fd printing has brught us.
C. T shw the pssibilities created by 3D fd printing.
D. T stress the imprtance f 3D fd printing t the wrld.
D
Are yu a gd receiver? It might sund like a funny questin but it is an imprtant ne that each f us shuld ask urselves.
Strangely, mst f us are better givers than receivers. We give t ur family, ur friends and even charities, and ppsite t what we might think, mst f us are actually very gd at giving. But receiving is anther matter. We ften feel a little uneasy when receiving, althugh it is nt very nticeable. When smene praises (赞扬) us fr helping him mve r clean up the huse, we will pssibly say, “Ah, it was nthing.” When smene praises the cat we are wearing, we may mentin hw we bught it at a discunt (折扣) instead f simply enjying the praise. Actually, the praise is a gift t us, and when we dn’t receive it prperly, we are dishnring the giver.
Giving is easy, as there is much pleasure in giving, but receiving is an art that takes practice. T be a gd receiver requires a sense f clse relatinship with the giver. It is always a pleasure fr a giver t see the gift received in a pleasant way. And this is als the best way fr a receiver t hnr (尊敬) the giver and give him smething back.
Many relatinships are nt s gd nt because peple are nt giving t each ther, but because they are nt receiving frm each ther well. We shuld receive the lve, respect the praise, and give thanks every time giving happens. We shuld practice receiving all the pleasures that happen t us every day. Dn’t take them fr granted.Think f hw many simple everyday gifts we are being given all the time: the beauty f nature, art and inspiring (激励人的) cnversatins. But are we truly receiving them when they happen t us, r are we busy with ther matters, nt nticing? We shuld learn the art f receiving: accept the gifts life ffers us and shw ur appreciatin (感激) fr them.
We are taught that it is better t give than t receive. But this suggests that there is smething wrng with receiving. There is nthing wrng with receiving. It is better t give and receive. Let life shw us with gifts, pleasures, jys, surprises, bth large and small, and let us take ntice f all these things and accept them happily and thankfully. The mre we can receive, the mre we can give back, but giving mre des nt necessarily mean receiving mre. We must remember it is harder t receive than t give, and try t practice receiving. This practice will benefit us greatly, making us becme gd receivers as’well as gd givers.
24. Accrding t Paragraph 2, what d we pssibly d when we are praised?
A. Hnr the giver publicly.B. Shw ur pleasure clearly.
C. Receive the praise uncmfrtably.D. Express ur disagreement prperly.
25. The expressin “take them fr granted” prbably means “ ________”.
A. lk fr them quicklyB. depend n them ttally
C. keep them with careD. get them withut appreciatin
26. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Peple usually can receive mre by giving mre.
B. Peple usually try t receive as much as pssible.
C. Peple shuld give a gift back when receiving ne.
D. Peple can imprve relatinships by receiving well.
27. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Be a Gd Receiver and Giver
B. Better t Give Than t Receive
C. Better t Give, Better t Receive
D. Be a Receiver Rather Than a Giver
第二部分
本部分共14题，共23分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
四、阅读与表达（第28-31题每题1分，第32题2分，共6分）
阅读短文，根据内容回答问题
When a child has been tld he is “uncl”, it can be very painful. He may say that he desn’t care, and even act in ways that are the ppsite f cl n purpse (故意的). But these are simply ways t deal with sadness by pretending (假装) it’s nthing.
Helping a child like this has t be dne carefully, because the child may be guided in a wrng way. If yu say “Why are yu wrried abut what ther children think abut yu? It desn’t matter!”, children knw that it des matter. Instead, an active way may be best. Yu culd say, “I’m ging t d a cuple f things t help make schl feel better fr yu.”
If a child is having truble making friends, it helps mst if he/she can be in a schl and in a class. The teacher can give him/her chances t use his/her abilities t be helpful t class prjects. This is hw the ther children learn t value his gd qualities (品质) and t like him. A teacher can als raise a child’s ppularity in the grup by shwing that he/she values that child. It even helps t put him in a seat next t a very ppular child, r t let him be a partner with that child in activities.
There are things that the parents can d at hme, t. Be friendly when yur child brings thers hme t play. Encurage him t invite friends t meals and then serve the dishes that they cnsider “super”. When yu plan weekend trips, picnics, mvies, and ther shws, invite anther child with whm yur child wants t be friends.
What yu can d after is t give him a chance t jin a grup that may be shutting him ut. Then, if he has gd qualities, he can start t build real friendships f his wn.
28. What may a child d when he r she has been tld “uncl”?
_____________________________________________________
29. Why shuld peple be careful when it cmes t helping a child?
_____________________________________________________
30. Hw can a teacher lead the ther children t value gd qualities f an unppular child?
_____________________________________________________
31. Wh can parents invite when they plan family activities like weekend trips?
_____________________________________________________
32. What’s the passage mainly abut?
_____________________________________________________
五、用括号中词的适当形式填空（每题0.5分，共3分）
33. Tny ften ________ (dream) f becming a pilt.
34. ________ (read) can help us t imprve ur writing.
35. Edisn was a great ________ (invent) brn in America.
36. It’s such an ________ (interest) film that all f us are interested in it.
37. It’s such an interesting film that all f us are ________ (interest) in it.
38. Students shuld spend sme free time ________ (travel) t learn abut the wrld.
六、翻译句子（每题1分，共4分）
根据中文和英文提示，完成句子。
39. 她太虚弱了以至于不能做任何运动。（）
_______________________________________________
40. 汉语是世界上最难的语言之一。（ne f the+ 最高级）
_______________________________________________
41. 我们都盼望着收到他的来信。（hear frm）
_______________________________________________
42. 当我昨天听到这个笑话时，我忍不住大笑起来。（jke, can’t help）
_______________________________________________
书面表达（共10分）
七、文段表达（共10分）
从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 80词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
43. 珍惜健康，享受美好生活。假如你是李华，你们学校英语社团的公众号计划做关于健康生活的系列推送，现就“Hw t keep healthy”这一话题在校内收集素材。请你给公众号留言， 谈谈你对健康的认识和看法，在日常生活中你是怎么保持健康的，以及你在健康生活中的收获。
提示词语：imprtant, run, vegetable, sleep, strng, active
提示问题：
● What d yu think f health?
● What d yu usually d t keep healthy?
● What have yu gt frm yur healthy living?
Hell, everyne. I’d like t talk abut hw t keep healthy.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题目②
44. 旅行是心灵的旅程，它不仅是见闻的积累，更是身心的愉悦。假如你是李华，某英文网站正在开展“My Unfrgettable Travel Experience”的分享活动。请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你曾经去过的一个地方，做过的事情，以及你在旅行经历中的收获。
提示词语：climb, take phts, make friends
提示问题：
● Where have yu ever been t?
● What did yu d during the trip?
● What have yu gt frm yur travel experience?
My Unfrgettable Travel Experience
Everyne has sme unfrgettable travel experiences.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A.
The Film Museum is a gd place fr yu t spend a Saturday afternn! There are s many ld mvie cameras and the inventins that led t clr mvies in it. If yu are interested in the histry f film-making, cme here and enjy yurself. Wish the Film Museum can make mre and mre teenagers have an affectin fr mvies!
B.
The Cmputer Museum has infrmatin abut different cmputers and peple wh invented them. The ld cmputers were much bigger. It’s unbelievable that technlgy has prgressed in such a rapid way! There is als a special cmputer in it! It culd play chess even better than humans. Cme here, and yu’ll wnder hw much mre cmputers will be able t d in the future.
C.
The Natinal Museum f Tilets is a really unusual museum fr every visitr wh cmes here first! Yu may nt believe yur eyes at the sight f s many different kinds f tilets here. The museum teaches peple abut the histry and develpment f tilets. It als encurages gvernments and scial grups t think abut ways t imprve tilets in the future.
D.
The Natinal Tea Museum is a relaxing and peaceful place near a lake. The tea art shws let us understand hw t make a perfect cup f tea with beautiful tea sets. Watching the tea preparatin is just as enjyable as drinking the tea itself. If yu pay a visit t this museum, yu’ll finally realize why yur grandma lves drinking tea and cllecting tea sets.
___15___
Hell! My name is Dana. I lve a kind f famus Chinese drink. I want t knw its histry and hw t make it! Which museum will be the best chice fr me?
___16___
I’m Visin. In my pinin mvies and cmputers are s bring, and I hate drinking tea. If I visit a museum, it must be special enugh. Can yu help me?
___17___
Hi! My name is Marc. I want t be an Internet engineer in the future, s I want t find a museum which can help me learn mre abut the histry f the cmputer.