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2024届重庆市涪陵第五中学校高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份2024届重庆市涪陵第五中学校高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024届重庆市涪陵第五中学校高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试题原卷版docx、2024届重庆市涪陵第五中学校高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号（或条形码）填写（粘贴）在答题卡规定的位置上。
2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers prbably talking abut?
A. The bike price. B. A bike race. C. The man’s bike.
2. Why has the wman mved the by’s seat?
A. He talks t much.
B. He has truble in listening.
C. She wants t see him better.
3. When did the man get his niece’s call?
A. At 6: 05. B. At 6: 00. C. At 5: 45.
4. What des the man think is mst needed t succeed?
A. Effrt. B. Luck. C. Talent.
5. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At hme. B. In a shp. C. In a restaurant.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man ging t d this summer?
A. Wrk at a htel. B. Repair his huse. C. Teach a curse.
7. Hw will the man use the mney?
A. T hire a gardener.
B. T buy sme flwers.
C. T buy bks.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the wman recmmending t the man?
A. A bk. B. A club. C. A curse.
9. What is the wman reading nw?
A. The Beautiful Mind.
B. The Kite Runner.
C The Great Gatsby.
10. Hw much time des the man have t read the bk?
A. Abut tw weeks.
B. Abut three weeks.
C. Abut ne mnth.
听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。.
11. Hw did the man learn abut the apartment?
A. In the newspaper. B. Frm his friend. C. Thrugh the Internet.
12. What is cvered in the rent?
A. Gas. B. Electricity. C. Water.
13. When can the man mve in?
A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Why did the wman fail t catch the bus?
A. She was late.
B. The bus left earlier than usual.
C. She wanted t walk hme.
15. What is the man wrried abut?
A. The wman’s safety.
B. The public transprtatin.
C. The dangerus neighbrhd.
16. What des the wman decide t d in the end?
A. Buy a car.
B. Call the newspaper.
C. Cmplain t the lcal gvernment.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. Cling fans. B. Air cnditining. C. Rm design.
18. Which cuntry might have invented the first cling device?
A. Egypt. B. Rme. C. China.
19. Which cling methd has the lngest histry?
A. Wet plants. B. Cld water. C. Hand fans.
20. Where is the passage mst prbably taken frm?
A. A radi prgramme.
B. A culture magazine.
C. A histry bk.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
British cinema basts a rich diversity f films that weave appealing narratives with stunning landscapes and fascinating characters. These films celebrate the diverse beauty and cultural heritage f Britain.
Lcal Her
Lcal Her digs int the cnflict between a giant US il cmpany and a remte Scttish village when the frmer plans t build a refinery (精炼厂). Hwever, the exceptinally beautiful landscapes and the firm attitude f the villagers sway the cmpany’s decisin. The stry has been a lasting appeal t audiences, even after ver fur decades.
Kes
British directr Ken Lach’s first triumph Kes, describes the tuching narrative f a yung Yrkshire by taking the jurney f capturing and training an eagle. The film ffers a rare descriptin f Yrkshire, filled with a tender lens that celebrates its essence.
The Dig
The delightful cunties surrunding Lndn are vividly depicted in The Dig, set against the peaceful cuntryside f Sufflk befre Wrld War II. Ralph Fiennes, a famus actr, plays the rle f a self-taught archaelgist unearthing the mysteries f an Angl-Saxn graveyard, adding t its fun.
Calvary
Irish directr Michael McDnagh’s films set in Ireland are undubtedly attractive, ften integrating Ireland’s picturesque scenery int the stry. Amng these, Calvary, stands ut. It recrds the difficult and tiring jurney f a mral priest, dealing with the evil frces within his area.
1. What is the setting f the film Lcal Her?
A. A Yrkshire village.
B. A remte Scttish village.
C. The cuntryside f Sufflk.
D. The Angl-Saxn graveyard.
2. Which f the fllwing films will appeal t curius histry lvers?
A. Lcal Her.B. Kes.
C. Calvary.D. The Dig.
3. What is the theme f the British films mentined in the text?
A. The mral dilemma f an Irish priest.
B. The natinal and cultural heritage f Britain.
C. The beauty and diversity f British landscapes and characters.
D. The adventures f Yrkshire bys capturing and training eagles.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍4部英国电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lcal Her部分“Lcal Her digs int the cnflict between a giant US il cmpany and a remte Scttish village when the frmer plans t build a refinery(精炼厂). (《当地英雄》挖掘了一家美国大型石油公司与一个偏远的苏格兰村庄之间的冲突，当时前者计划建造一座炼油厂。)”可知，《当地英雄》这部电影的背景是一个偏远的苏格兰村庄。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Dig部分“The delightful cunties surrunding Lndn are vividly depicted in The Dig, set against the peaceful cuntryside f Sufflk befre Wrld War II. Ralph Fiennes, a famus actr, plays the rle f a self-taught archaelgist unearthing the mysteries f an Angl-Saxn graveyard, adding t its fun. (《挖掘》生动地描绘了伦敦周围令人愉快的郡，背景是二战前萨福克郡宁静的乡村。著名演员拉尔夫·费因斯扮演一位自学成才的考古学家，挖掘盎格鲁撒克逊墓地的奥秘，增加了它的乐趣。)”可知，《挖掘》会吸引好奇的历史爱好者。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“British cinema basts a rich diversity f films that weave appealing narratives with stunning landscapes and fascinating characters. These films celebrate the diverse beauty and cultural heritage f Britain. (英国电影拥有丰富多样的电影，这些电影将引人入胜的故事与令人惊叹的风景和迷人的人物交织在一起。这些电影歌颂了英国的多元美景和文化遗产。)”可知，文中提到的英国电影的主题是英国风景和人物的美丽和多样性。故选C。
B
“The muntains are calling and I must g”—the famus qute is frm Jhn Muir(1838-1914), wh is described as “the wilderness pet” and “the citizen f the universe.” He nce jkingly referred t himself as a “pet-gelgist-btanist and rnithlgist (鸟类学家)-naturalist etc. etc.!” He is knwn as the Father f American Natinal Parks.
Famed dcumentary filmmaker Ken Burns recently said, “As we gt t knw him… he was amng the highest individuals in America; I’m talking abut the level f Abraham Lincln, Martin Luther King Jr., and Thmas Jeffersn—peple wh have had a transfrmatinal effect n wh we are.”
S where is the qute frm? Well, Jhn Muir was a prductive writer. Whether he was writing petry r simply letters t his family, Jhn Muir was always putting pen t paper. The qute is frm within ne f his many letters written t his sister:
4. What can we learn frm Jhn Muir’s self-descriptin in paragraph 1?
A. He lnged t expand his wn career.
B. He enjyed his invlvement in nature.
C. He wanted t find his real advantage.
D. He valued his identity as a pet mst.
5. What did Ken Burns mainly talk abut?
A. Muir’s plitical influence.B. A dcumentary film n Muir.
C. Muir’s histric significance.D. The scial circle arund Muir.
6. Hw did Muir feel when writing the first paragraph f his letter?
A. Relieved but regretful.B. Exhausted but cntent.
C Excited but lnely.D. Defeated but hpeful.
7. Why must Jhn Muir g int muntains again?
A. T g n with his muntain studies.
B. T seek freedm frm scial cnnectin.
C. T attend an appintment in Oakland.
D. T experience the hardship f wilderness.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍约翰·缪尔（Jhn Muir）和他的名言，以及他给妹妹的一封信。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段““The muntains are calling and I must g”—the famus qute is frm Jhn Muir(1838-1914), wh is described as “the wilderness pet” and “the citizen f the universe.” He nce jkingly referred t himself as a “pet-gelgist-btanist and rnithlgist(鸟类学家)-naturalist etc. etc.!” He is knwn as the Father f American Natinal Parks. (“群山在呼唤，我必须要去”——这句名言出自约翰·缪尔（1838-1914），他被描述为“荒野诗人”和“宇宙公民”。他曾戏称自己是“诗人、地质学家、植物学家、鸟类学家、博物学家等！”他被称为美国国家公园之父。)”可知，约翰·缪尔非常喜欢他在大自然中的探索。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Famed dcumentary filmmaker Ken Burns recently said, “As we gt t knw him… he was amng the highest individuals in America; I’m talking abut the level f Abraham Lincln, Martin Luther King Jr., and Thmas Jeffersn—peple wh have had a transfrmatinal effect n wh we are.”(著名纪录片制作人肯·伯恩斯最近说：“随着我们对他的了解……他是美国最优秀的人之一；我说的是亚伯拉罕·林肯、马丁·路德·金和托马斯·杰斐逊的水平，他们对我们的身份产生了变革性的影响。”)”可知，这一段肯·伯恩斯把约翰·缪尔与亚伯拉罕·林肯、马丁·路德·金和托马斯·杰斐逊放在一起对比，体现出了约翰·缪尔的重要性。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据信件的第一段“I am weary, but resting fast; sleepy, but sleeping deep and fast; hungry, but eating much. (我很累，但休息得很快；昏昏欲睡，但睡得又深又快；饿了，但吃得多。)”可知，缪尔当时身心疲惫但内心却很满足。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据信件的第三段“Thugh slw, smeday I will have the results f my muntain studies in a frm in which yu all will be able t read and judge them. The muntains are calling and I must g, and I will wrk n while I can, studying incessantly(永不停息地). (虽然速度很慢，但总有一天我会以你们都能阅读和判断的形式获得我的山地研究结果。大山在召唤我，我必须去，我会尽我所能继续努力，不断学习。)”可知，约翰·缪尔必须再次上山是要继续他的山地研究。故选A。
C
Fr decades, scientists thught f the brain as the mst valuable and cnsequently mst clsely guarded part f the bdy. Lcked safely behind the bld-brain barrier, it was bradly free f the harm f viruses and the battles started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, abut 20 years ag, sme researchers began t wnder: is the brain really s separated frm the bdy? The answer, accrding t a grwing bdy f evidence, is n.
The list f brain cnditins that have been assciated with changes elsewhere in the bdy is lng and grwing. Changes in the makeup f the micrrganisms in the digestive system have been linked t disrders such as Parkinsn’s disease. There is als a thery that infectin during pregnancy culd lead t brain diseases in babies.
The effect is tw-way. There is a lengthening list f symptms nt typically viewed as disrders f the nervus system, but the brain plays a large part in them. Fr example, the develpment f a fever is influenced by a ppulatin f nerve cells that cntrl bdy temperature and appetite. Evidence is munting that cancers use nerves t grw and spread.
The intercnnectin between the brain and bdy has prmising implicatins fr ur ability t bth understand and treat illnesses. If sme brain disrders start utside the brain, then perhaps treatments fr them culd als reach in frm utside. Treatments that take effect thrugh the digestive system, the heart r ther rgans, wuld be much easier and less risky than thse that must crss the bld-brain barrier.
It als wrks in the ppsite directin. Study shws mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulatin t a brain area invlved in psitive emtin and mtivatin. Activatin f the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems t cause immune changes that cntribute t it. Wrking ut hw this happens culd help t destry cancers, enhance respnses t vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, fr centuries, have nt been cnsidered as being psychlgically driven.
8. What d the researchers fcus n abut the brain?
A. Its prtecting system.B. Its expsure t diseases.
C. Its cntrlling functin.D. Its cnnectin t the bdy.
9. Hw des the authr supprt his idea in paragraph 2?
A. By explaining a thery.B. By prviding examples.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By presenting cause and effect.
10. Which best describes treatments that d nt crss the bld-brain barrier?
A. Cheaper.B. Mre specific.
C. Safer.D. Mre direct.
11. What des the study suggest in the last paragraph?
A. Brain health depends n immune changes.
B. Brain stimulatin leads t negative emtins.
C. The brain can help enhance psychlgical health.
D. The brain may be key t treating physical diseases.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些研究人员发现大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分，它和身体的其它部分产生的疾病是有联系的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Then, abut 20 years ag, sme researchers began t wnder: is the brain really s separated frm the bdy? The answer, accrding t a grwing bdy f evidence, is n. (然后，大约20年前，一些研究人员开始怀疑：大脑真的与身体如此分离吗？根据越来越多的证据，答案是否定的。)”可知，研究人员主要研究大脑与身体的联系。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The list f brain cnditins that have been assciated with changes elsewhere in the bdy is lng and grwing. Changes in the makeup f the micrrganisms in the digestive system have been linked t disrders such as Parkinsn’s disease. There is als a thery that infectin during pregnancy culd lead t brain diseases in babies. (与身体其他部位变化相关的大脑状况清单很长，而且还在不断增加。消化系统中微生物组成的变化与帕金森病等疾病有关。还有一种理论认为，怀孕期间的感染可能会导致婴儿脑部疾病。)”可知，这一段作者主要通过消化系统和怀孕期间的感染2个例子来论证自己的观点，说明大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Treatments that take effect thrugh the digestive system, the heart r ther rgans, wuld be much easier and less risky than thse that must crss the bld-brain barrier. (通过消化系统、心脏或其他器官进行的治疗比必须穿过血脑屏障的治疗更容易，风险更小。)”可知，不通过血脑屏障的治疗风险更小。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Study shws mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulatin t a brain area invlved in psitive emtin and mtivatin. Activatin f the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems t cause immune changes that cntribute t it. Wrking ut hw this happens culd help t destry cancers, enhance respnses t vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, fr centuries, have nt been cnsidered as being psychlgically driven. (研究表明，在大脑中涉及积极情绪和动机的区域受到刺激后，小鼠的心脏更健康。大脑奖赏中心——被称为腹侧被盖区（VTA）——的激活似乎会导致免疫变化。弄清楚这种情况是如何发生的，可以帮助摧毁癌症，增强对疫苗的反应，甚至重新评估几个世纪以来一直不被认为是心理驱动的物理疾病。)”可知，大脑可能是治疗身体疾病的关键。故选D。
D
Ariel Prcaccia has thught a lt abut hw t cut a cake ver the last 15 years. As the father f three children, he knws hw hard it is t divide a birthday cake t everyne’s satisfactin. But it’s als because Prcaccia’s wrk fcuses n explring the mathematical rules fr dividing stuff up fairly. One way t d that is t think abstractly abut dessert.
Fr decades, researchers have been asking the seemingly simple questin f hw t cut a cake fairly. The answer reaches far beynd birthday parties. A mathematical prblem at its heart, cake cutting cnnects strict reasning t real-wrld issues f fairness, and s attracts nt nly mathematicians, but als scial scientists, ecnmists and mre. “It’s a very elegant mdel in which yu can distill what fairness really is, and reasn abut it,” Prcaccia says.
The simplest apprach is called the “divider-chser” methd, where ne persn cuts the cake int tw equal pieces in his view, and the ther persn picks first. Each receives a piece that they feel is as valuable as the ther’s. But when persnal preferences are taken int accunt, even the easiest rule becmes cmplicated. Suppse Alice and Bb are t divide a cake, and Alice knws Bb prefers chclate, she may knwingly divide the cake unequally s the smaller piece cntains mre chclate. Then Bb will chse accrding t his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Bth f them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning f fairness changes in this situatin.
The cake is a symbl fr any divisible gd. When cake-cutting principles are emplyed t settle disagreements, they are ptentially helping the wrld find slutins. Prcaccia has used fair divisin algrithms(算法) t mdel fd distributin. Scial scientist Haris Aziz is explring situatins ranging frm hw t divide up daily tasks t hw t best schedule dctrs’ shifts in hspitals.
Even after decades f investigatin, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle(拼图) with a well-defined slutin. Instead, ver time, it has evlved int a kind f mathematical sandbx, a cnstructive playgrund that brings tgether abstract prfs and easy applicatins. The mre researchers explre it, the mre there is t explre.
12. What des the underlined wrd “distill” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Get the essence f.B. Find the ppsite f.
C. Keep the fcus n.D. Reduce the impact n.
13. What can we learn abut fairness frm the example given in paragraph 3?
A. Its standard is stable.B. It prevents unequal divisin.
C. Its cncept is cmplex.D. It dminates persnal preferences.
14. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut cncerning cake cutting?
A. The applicatin f its rules.B. The details f its prcess.
C. The prblems it prduces.D. The harmny it symblizes.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Wh benefits mst frm fairness?
B. Hw has fairness changed ver time?
C. What methd wrks best in cake-cutting?
D. Why are researchers s interested in cake-cutting?
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍各个领域的研究人员对切蛋糕这一问题的本质和方法的研究以及切蛋糕的规则在解决现实问题中的应用。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“A mathematical prblem at its heart, cake cutting cnnects strict reasning t real-wrld issues f fairness, and s attracts nt nly mathematicians, but als scial scientists, ecnmists and mre. “It’s a very elegant mdel in which yu can distill what fairness really is, and reasn abut it,” Prcaccia says. (切蛋糕是一个数学问题的核心，它将严格的推理与现实世界的公平问题联系在一起，因此不仅吸引了数学家，也吸引了社会科学家、经济学家等。Prcaccia说：“这是一个非常优雅的模型，在这个模型中，你可以distill出什么是公平，并对此进行推理。”)”可知，这里说明人们可以通过切蛋糕问题来提炼理解什么是公平，所以distill的意思应该是“提炼”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“But when persnal preferences are taken int accunt, even the easiest rule becmes cmplicated. Suppse Alice and Bb are t divide a cake, and Alice knws Bb prefers chclate, she may knwingly divide the cake unequally s the smaller piece cntains mre chclate. Then Bb will chse accrding t his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Bth f them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning f fairness changes in this situatin. (但当考虑到个人偏好时，即使是最简单的规则也会变得复杂。假设爱丽丝和鲍勃要分一块蛋糕，爱丽丝知道鲍勃更喜欢巧克力，她可能会故意把蛋糕分得不相等，这样小的一块含有更多的巧克力。然后鲍勃会根据自己的喜好进行选择，爱丽丝会得到更大的一块。他们都对所得到的感到满意，但公平的意义在这种情况下发生了变化。)”可知，公平这一概念是很复杂的。故选C。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The cake is a symbl fr any divisible gd. When cake-cutting principles are emplyed t settle disagreements, they are ptentially helping the wrld find slutins. Prcaccia has used fair divisin algrithms(算法) t mdel fd distributin. Scial scientist Haris Aziz is explring situatins ranging frm hw t divide up daily tasks t hw t best schedule dctrs’ shifts in hspitals. (蛋糕是任何可分割商品的象征。当切蛋糕的原则被用来解决分歧时，它们有可能帮助世界找到解决方案。Prcaccia使用公平分配算法对食物分配进行建模。社会科学家Haris Aziz正在探索各种情况，从如何分配日常任务到如何最好地安排医生在医院的轮班。)”可知，这一段主要介绍切蛋糕规则的应用。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ariel Prcaccia has thught a lt abut hw t cut a cake ver the last 15 years. As the father f three children, he knws hw hard it is t divide a birthday cake t everyne’s satisfactin. But it’s als because Prcaccia’s wrk fcuses n explring the mathematical rules fr dividing stuff up fairly. One way t d that is t think abstractly abut dessert. (Ariel Prcaccia在过去的15年里思考了很多关于如何切蛋糕的问题。作为三个孩子的父亲，他知道要让每个人都满意地分一个生日蛋糕有多难。但这也是因为Prcaccia的工作专注于探索公平划分事物的数学规则。一种方法是抽象地思考甜点。)”和最后一段“Even after decades f investigatin, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle(拼图) with a well-defined slutin. Instead, ver time, it has evlved int a kind f mathematical sandbx, a cnstructive playgrund that brings tgether abstract prfs and easy applicatins. The mre researchers explre it, the mre there is t explre. (即使经过几十年的调查，切蛋糕也不像一个简单的拼图游戏，有明确的解决方案。相反，随着时间的推移，它已经演变成一种数学沙盒，一个将抽象证明和简单应用程序结合在一起的建设性游乐场。研究人员对它的探索越多，就越有探索的余地。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍研究者为什么对切蛋糕问题感兴趣。故选D。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw T Stp Bein g A Peple Pleaser
As a recvering peple pleaser, I spent much f my life keeping thers happy. Breaking this habit meant stepping n a few tes. Hwever, I’ve becme a happier persn as a result. Here are sme tips I used t stp being a peple pleaser.
Identify yur pririties. Take a mment t think abut why yu are trying t learn hw t stp being a peple pleaser. ___16___ Why d yu feel the need t keep them happy? Answering these questins will help yu set a gal that yu can hld yurself accuntable t.
Just say “n”. One reasn why peple pleasers say “yes” t everything is that they fear disappinting thers. ___17___ If yu are a peple pleaser, yu are likely t spend lts f energy trying t cntrl hw peple feel abut yu. The best thing yu can d is let them feel their feelings. It will feel liberating t free yurself frm being respnsible fr smene else’s reactin.
___18___ Saying “n” is a gd way t set better bundaries in yur imprtant relatinships. All healthy relatinships have their wn bundaries. If yu haven’t set bundaries in yur relatinships, the dds are that at sme pint yu will end up feeling pressured t d smething yu dn’t want t d.
Accept yurself. Many peple pleasers are insecure abut wh they are. ___19___ Check ut ur summary f Brené Brwn’s the Gifts f Imperfectin t learn hw t accept yur imperfectins and lve yurself.
Remember that yu cannt please everyne. N matter what yu d there will always be smene wh is unhappy with yur chices. ___20___
A. Learn t set healthy bundaries.
B. Dn’t mix up yur bundaries with thers’.
C. Wh are the peple that yu feel the need t please?
D. Spend sme time learning t lve yurself fr wh yu are.
E. S why bther trying t please everyne if it isn’t pssible?
F. But saying “n” is the best way t take care f yur wn needs.
G. That is why the mre yu seek security, the less f it yu have.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何停止取悦他人，从而成为一个更快乐的人的建议。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Why d yu feel the need t keep them happy?(为什么你觉得有必要让他们开心？)”可知，C. Wh are the peple that yu feel the need t please?(你觉得有必要取悦哪些人?)能够衔接上文，符合语境。其中them指代上文中的the peple the peple that yu feel the need t please。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Just say “n”. One reasn why peple pleasers say “yes” t everything is that they fear disappinting thers.(只要说“不”。讨好者对任何事情都说“是”的一个原因是他们害怕让别人失望)”可知，此处建议我们学会说“不”。由此可知，F. But saying “n” is the best way t take care f yur wn needs.(但是说“不”是照顾自己需求的最好方式)能够衔接上文，且与上文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Saying “n” is a gd way t set better bundaries in yur imprtant relatinships. All healthy relatinships have their wn bundaries.(说“不”是在你的重要关系中设定更好界限的好方法。所有健康的关系都有自己的界限)”可知，本段建议设定健康的界限。由此可知，A. Learn t set healthy bundaries.(学会设定健康的界限)适合作本段小标题，符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Accept yurself. Many peple pleasers are insecure abut wh they are.(接受你自己。许多讨好者对自己是谁没有安全感)”可知，本段建议介绍真实的自己。由此可知，D. Spend sme time learning t lve yurself fr wh yu are.(花点时间学会爱真实的自己)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Remember that yu cannt please everyne. N matter what yu d there will always be smene wh is unhappy with yur chices.(记住，你不可能取悦所有人。无论你做什么，总会有人对你的选择不满意)”可知，E. S why bther trying t please everyne if it isn’t pssible?(那么，如果不可能的话，为什么还要费心去取悦每个人呢？)能够衔接上文，构成因果关系，符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Smith brught his three-mnth-ld sn ut fr breakfast ne day. He was playing with his sn and tending t him while eating, and just ding his ____21____ thing.
But then he nticed a ____22____ staring at him. He was ____23____. “What is ging n?” “They kept ____24____ at me,” he wrte in a pst.
As it ____25____, the strangers were just happy t see a dad spending time with his sn, and they felt inspired while watching the ____26____. Smith had n way f knwing that until he paid fr his meal. He was given by the waiter a ____27____ frm the cuple, saying what a great father he was and that they wuld like t leave sme ____28____ fr his meal.
“Tday yur meal is n my wife and me,” it read. “____29____ that baby as lng as pssible. The Masns.”
Fr Smith, it was a happy mment f reassurance (认可) and feeling _____30_____. He was tuched by the genersity and nted that he didn’t have a father figure grwing up, s spending this time with his sn is super _____31_____ t him.
He wrte that he’ll share this _____32_____ with his sn when he’s lder and that he wants t teach him kindness and abut the _____33_____ f giving back.
“I make sure I’m _____34_____,” Smith wrapped. “I get blessed — I want t _____35_____ smene else.”
21. A. unusualB. rareC. bigD. regular
22. A. strangerB. wmanC. cupleD. waiter
23. A. embarrassedB. cnfusedC. wrriedD. scared
24. A. shutingB. aimingC. smilingD. getting
25. A. turns utB. turns nC. strikes utD. ges n
26. A. relatinshipB. appreciatinC. friendshipD. instructin
27. A. billB. nteC. excuseD. ntice
28. A. creditB. cashC. changeD. frtune
29. A. EnjyB. ShareC. PrtectD. Cheer
30. A. lstB. expsedC. wrngedD. seen
31. A. significantB. ccasinalC. gratefulD. influential
32. A. ideaB. breakfastC. jyD. stry
33. A. feelingB. cmfrtC. pwerD. cnsequence
34. A. carrying it thrughB. paying it frwardC. making it upD. putting it dwn
35. A. apprachB. addressC. blessD. watch
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文 。文章主要讲述了一位父亲在饭店一边吃饭，一边和儿子玩耍并照顾他。一对夫妇看到这一场景，很感动。主动给他们提供了餐费。这位父亲决定将这份爱心传递下去，并让他儿子知道善举的意义。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他和儿子一起玩，一边吃饭一边照顾他，做着平常做的事情。A. unusual不寻常的；B. rare稀少的；C. big大的；D. regular常规的。根据上文“He was playing with his sn and tending t him”可知，他做着平常的事情。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他注意到有一对夫妇盯着他看。A. stranger陌生人；B. wman女人；C. cuple夫妇；D. waiter服务生。根据下文“Tday yur meal is n my wife and me”可知，一对夫妇盯着他看。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很困惑。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. wrried担忧的；D. scared惊恐的。根据上文“But then he nticed a ____2____ staring at him”以及下文““What is ging n?””可知，史密斯很困惑，不知道对方为什么盯着他看。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析句意：他们一直对我微笑。A. shuting喊叫；B. aiming目标；C. smiling微笑；D. getting获得。根据下文“the strangers were just happy t see a dad spending time with his sn”可知，这对夫妇一直对着史密斯微笑。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：事实证明，陌生人只是很高兴看到一个父亲和他的儿子在一起，他们在观看这段关系时感到受到了启发。A. turns ut结果是，证明是；B. turns n打开；C. strikes ut开始行动；D. ges n继续。根据下文“the strangers were just happy t see a dad spending time with his sn”可知，此处是对上文Smith的疑惑作出解释，阐述事实真相，turns ut“结果是，证明是”符合语境。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，陌生人只是很高兴看到一个父亲和他的儿子在一起，他们在观看这段关系时感到受到了鼓舞。A. relatinship关系；B. appreciatin感激；C. friendship友谊；D. instructin指示。根据上文“He was playing with his sn and tending t him while eating”可知，这对夫妇在看到Smith和儿子在一起，父子之间关系融洽的场景让他们受到鼓舞。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：服务员给了他一张这对夫妇的纸条，上面写着他是一个多么伟大的父亲，他们想给他留一些钱。A. bill账单；B. nte短笺，纸条；C. excuse借口；D. ntice通知。根据下文“saying what a great father he was and that they wuld like t leave sme __8__ fr his meal.”以及““Tday yur meal is n my wife and me,” it read.”可知，服务员给了他一张这对夫妇留下的纸条。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：服务员给了他一张这对夫妇的纸条，上面写着他是一个多么伟大的父亲，他们想给他留一些现金来请客。A. credit信用；B. cash现金；C. change改变；D. frtune运气。根据下文“Tday yur meal is n my wife and me”可知，夫妇想给史密斯留一些现金来请客。 故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：好好享受和孩子在一起的时光。A. Enjy享受；B. Share分享；C. Prtect保护；D. Cheer欢呼。根据上文“Smith brught his three-mnth-ld sn ut fr breakfast ne day. He was playing with his sn and tending t him while eating, and just ding his ____1____ thing.”可知，夫妇让史密斯好好享受和孩子在一起的时光。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对史密斯来说，这是一个快乐的时刻，让他感到被认可，感觉自己被关注了。A. lst丢失；B. expsed暴露；C. wrnged不公正地对待；D. seen看到，关注。根据上文“staring at him”可知，史密斯被夫妇关注了。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他被这种慷慨感动了，并指出他在成长过程父亲是缺位的，所以和儿子在一起的时间对他来说非常重要。A. significant重要的；B. ccasinal偶尔的；C. grateful感激的；D. influential有影响力的。根据上文“he didn’t have a father figure grwing up”可知，史密斯在成长过程父亲是缺位的，所以和儿子在一起的时间对他来说非常重要。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他写道，当他的儿子长大后，他会和他分享这个故事，他想教他善良和回报的力量。A. idea观点；B. breakfast早餐；C. jy快乐；D. stry故事。设空处指代上文所讲的这个故事。当他的儿子长大后，Smith会和他分享这个故事。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他写道，当他的儿子长大后，他会和他分享这个故事，他想教他善良和回报的力量。A. feeling感觉；B. cmfrt安慰；C. pwer力量；D. cnsequence结果。根据上文“he wants t teach him kindness”、“f giving back.”以及下文“I get blessed — I want t ___15___ smene else.”可知，他想教他善良和回报的力量。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我要确保我把爱传递出去。A. carrying it thrugh坚持到底；B. paying it frward将接受的恩惠传递下去；C. making it up组成；D. putting it dwn放下。根据下文“I get blessed — I want t ____15____ smene else.”可知，史密斯要确保自己把善意与爱传递出去。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：得到了祝福——我想祝福别人。A. apprach接近；B. address演讲；C. bless祝福；D. watch观看。根据上文“I get blessed”可知，得到了别人的祝福，也想祝福别人。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The ttal flr area f Chain’s green buildings has been ver 6. 6 billin square meters with the cuntry’s effrts t prmte high-quality develpment in urban and rural areas.
___36___ (nte)China’s achievements f green develpment in urban and rural areas, Zhang Xiahng, vice minister f husing and urban-rural develpment, ___37___ (stress)the difficult task f saving energy and reducing carbn emissins in urban and rural cnstructin at a press cnference n Mnday.
The ministry will make cntinuus effrts ___38___ (increase)the prprtin f green buildings, raise building energy efficiency standards and ppularize buildings with extra-lw energy ___39___ (cnsume)in regins with suitable climate cnditins. It will als prmte green renvatin f existing buildings t imprve energy efficiency and make ___40___ (lw)carbn emissins.
China issued a guideline ___41___ supprts green develpment in urban and rural areas recently. Institutinal mechanisms and plicy systems fr green develpment in urban and rural areas will be ___42___ (basic)established by 2025, while green develpment will cver urban and rural areas ___43___ a cmprehensive way by 2035, with ___44___ increased cut in carbn emissins, said the guideline.
The ministry will state a 14th five-year plan n urban and rural living envirnment planning and take ____45____ (measure)t bring ec-envirnment, cnstructin and scial and cultural envirnment int line while prmting green develpment f regins and cities.
【答案】36. Nting
37. stressed
38. t increase
39. cnsumptin
40. lwer 41. that##which
42. basically
43. in 44. an
45. measures
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国在城乡绿色发展方面取得成就以及未来的举措。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：住房和城乡建设部副部长张晓红在周一的新闻发布会上提到了中国在城乡绿色发展方面取得的成就，强调了在城乡建设中节能减排的艰巨任务。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处在句中只能用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语Zhang Xiahng与动词nte之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，整个分词短语作状语，设空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填Nting。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：住房和城乡建设部副部长张晓红在周一的新闻发布会上提到了中国在城乡绿色发展方面取得的成就，强调了在城乡建设中节能减排的艰巨任务。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；主语Zhang Xiahng与动词stress之间为主动关系，结合时间状语n Mnday可知，此处表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填stressed。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：环保部将继续努力提高绿色建筑的比例，提高建筑能效标准，并在气候条件适宜的地区推广超低能耗建筑。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式；结合句意可知，设空处在句中表目的，应用t d不定式。故填t increase。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：环保部将继续努力提高绿色建筑的比例，提高建筑能效标准，并在气候条件适宜的地区推广超低能耗建筑。分析句子可知，设空处受前面extra-lw energy的修饰，应用名词，energy cnsumptin表示“能耗”，设空处应填cnsumptin。故填cnsumptin。
【40题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：它还将推动现有建筑的绿色改造，以提高能源效率，降低碳排放。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面的carbn emissins，结合句意可知，此处表示“降低碳排放”，与过去存在对比，应用形容词的比较级。故填lwer。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：近日，中国发布了支持城乡绿色发展的指导意见。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰前面的guideline，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，先行词表示物，应用that或which引导。故填that或which。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：《意见》指出，到2025年，城乡绿色发展体制机制和政策体系基本建立，到2035年，绿色发展全面覆盖城乡，碳减排力度进一步加大。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作状语，修饰动词，应用副词；basic的副词形式为basically，表示“基本上、大体上”。故填basically。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：《意见》指出，到2025年，城乡绿色发展体制机制和政策体系基本建立，到2035年，绿色发展全面覆盖城乡，碳减排力度进一步加大。分析句子可知，设空处在句中连接两个名词性短语，应用介词；结合句意可知，此处指“以一种全面的方式”覆盖城乡，应用介词in，表示方式方法。故填in。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：《意见》指出，到2025年，城乡绿色发展体制机制和政策体系基本建立，到2035年，绿色发展全面覆盖城乡，碳减排力度进一步加大。分析句子可知，设空处在句中限定后面的increased cut，cut表示“削减”，为可数名词，此处为单数形式，故设空处应用不定冠词，表示泛指，increased为元音音素发音的词，应用an。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：环保部将制定“十四五”城乡人居环境规划，并采取措施，在促进区域和城市绿色发展的同时，将生态环境、建筑和社会文化环境相结合。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；measure为可数名词，表示“措施”，设空处前面没有冠词，故此处应用复数形式。故填measures。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 3月12日是一年一度的植树节。学校拟组织全体学生参加“我给家乡添抹绿”的植树活动。请以学生会的名义用英文拟一则通知。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动安排；
3. 注意事项。
注意：
1. 词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ntice
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Ntice
Attentin, please!
March 12 is ur Tree Planting Day. We have decided t g and plant trees that day. What we are suppsed t d is that all the students in ur schl take part in the activity. Each class must take five r six basins t water the yung trees. Others are t take spades t dig hles. We are ging t gather n the schl playgrund at seven n the mrning f March 12, at which time we will take ur schl bus t the West Hill.
Please dn’t be late r absent. Thank yu.
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生拟一则通知，告诉大家关于学校要在3月12日组织全体学生参加“我给家乡添抹绿”的植树活动。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
决定：decide→make a decisin
应该，被期待：be suppsed t→be required t
加入：take part in→jin in
聚集：gather→assemble
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Each class must take five r six basins t water the yung trees.
拓展句：Each class must take five r six basins s that we can water the yung trees.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What we are suppsed t d is that all the students in ur schl take part in the activity.（由What引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】We are ging t gather n the schl playgrund at seven n the mrning f March 12, at which time we will take ur schl bus t the West Hill.（由which引导的定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a dream brn in fire. Andrea Petersn was 5 when she was trapped n the ledge (窗台) f a burning building.
“Thrw the kid dwn!” said ne f the firemen belw, whse eyes are firm and curageus, alng with prfessinal rescue techniques. Seeing this, little Andrea jumped int lifesaving arms and a life-lng ambitin: She wanted t fight fires as her rescuers did.
She tld that t the men wh had saved her, and they laughed naturally the way grwn-ups d when a kid says he wants t be an astrnaut r a sprts star. But this was back in a time when little girls weren’t even allwed t fantasize (幻想) abut such grand gals.
“Yu’ll be a gd mmmy,” the firemen tld her. “Yu’ll be a gd teacher, maybe yu’ll be a nurse, but yu can never be a fireman.”
Indeed, life sidelined her ambitius dream. She was studying fr a degree in aviatin technlgy (航空科技) and that’s where she met her husband, Dennis. Unfrtunately, Dennis was diagnsed with cancer. Petersn spent 31 years caring fr the man she lved, and in 2007, when Dennis was abut t leave, he was at peace but wrried fr her. “But what are yu ging t d?” “I’ll be fine,” she tld him.
At 61, she attended a curse fr emergencies. She went n an ambulance ride-alng frm time t time. It turned ut t be a life-and-death situatin, which reminded her f the childhd experience back in the fire. But every time she saw peple wh were in need were successfully rescued, Petersn felt that lng-ag childhd calling. She earned her emergency medical technician license and respnded t fire calls with the ambulance. She fund that her years f tending t Dennis had prepared her fr dealing with the variety f hurts and ills. The inside calling eched increasingly strnger.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After a year, she signed up fr a training unit fr firefighters.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally came the written and physical fitness test day.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 After a year, she signed up fr a training unit fr firefighters. N sner had she stepped int the training venue than she fund all her classmates were 18-22 yung kids. “Culd I really make it?” Petersn thught t herself, struggling. At the very mment, she was nce again thught f the firm and curageus eyes f the firefighters wh came t rescue her ver 50 years ag. She instantly rlled up her sleeves and began t learn bth theretical and practical knwledge as her much yunger peers.
Finally came the written and physical fitness test day. Fr Petersn, she was at an advantageus situatin fr the theretical part, as her past rescue experiences n ambulance ride-alng made her a qualified rescuer already. Hwever, the 3-km running, push-ups, sit-ups, etc. all behaved as huge gaps awaiting her t cnquer. Thugh she ranked the last amng such items, her persistence, endurance as well as the passin fr a childhd dream made her name appear n the list f newly-annunced firefighters. This time, tears blurred her eyes, as the dream brn in the fire was eventually fulfilled.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事情发展的顺序展开，主要讲述了五岁的Andrea Petersn被困在着火的大楼里，当消防员把她救出来后，她想成为一名消防员。在Andrea Petersn61岁时，她重拾自己的这一梦想。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一年后，她报名参加了一个消防员培训单位。”可知，第一段可描写在参加培训时，她发现同学都是年轻人，但是她没气馁，坚定自己的梦想。
②由第二段首句内容“终于到了笔试和体能测试的日子。”可知，第二段可描写笔试和体能测试的过程中她坚定自己的梦想，最终完成所有的测试，成为一名消防员。
2.续写线索：参加培训——同学都是年轻人——没有气馁，坚定梦想——参加笔试和体能测试——完成所有测试——成为一名消防员
3.词汇激活
行为类
①成功做到：make it/succeed
②等待：await/wait fr
③实现：fulfill/achieve
情绪类
①勇敢的：curageus/brave
【点睛】[高分句型1] N sner had she stepped int the training venue than she fund all her classmates were 18-22 yung kids. （运用了倒装句）
[高分句型2]At the very mment, she was nce again thught f the firm and curageus eyes f the firefighters wh came t rescue her ver 50 years ag. （由关系代词wh引导限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]This time, tears blurred her eyes, as the dream brn in the fire was eventually fulfilled.（as引导的原因状语从句）
September 3rd, 1873
Ysemite Valley
Dear sister Sarah,
I have just returned frm the lngest and hardest trip I have ever made in the muntains, having been gne ver five weeks. I am weary, but resting fast; sleepy, but sleeping deep and fast; hungry, but eating much. Fr tw weeks I explred the glaciers f the summits east f here, sleeping amng the snwy muntains withut blankets and with little t eat n accunt f its being s inaccessible. After my icy experiences, it seems strange t be dwn here in s warm and flwery a climate.
I will sn be ff again, determined t use all the seasn in carrying thrugh my wrk—will g next t Kings River a hundred miles suth, then t Lake Tahe and surrunding muntains, and in winter wrk in Oakland with my pen.
Thugh slw, smeday I will have the results f my muntain studies in a frm in which yu all will be able t read and judge them. The muntains are calling and I must g, and I will wrk n while I can, studying incessantly(永不停息地).
I will write again when I return frm Kings River Canyn.
Farewell, with lve everlasting.
Yurs,
Jhn
本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号（或条形码）填写（粘贴）在答题卡规定的位置上。
2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the speakers prbably talking abut?
A. The bike price. B. A bike race. C. The man’s bike.
2. Why has the wman mved the by’s seat?
A. He talks t much.
B. He has truble in listening.
C. She wants t see him better.
3. When did the man get his niece’s call?
A. At 6: 05. B. At 6: 00. C. At 5: 45.
4. What des the man think is mst needed t succeed?
A. Effrt. B. Luck. C. Talent.
5. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At hme. B. In a shp. C. In a restaurant.
第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man ging t d this summer?
A. Wrk at a htel. B. Repair his huse. C. Teach a curse.
7. Hw will the man use the mney?
A. T hire a gardener.
B. T buy sme flwers.
C. T buy bks.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the wman recmmending t the man?
A. A bk. B. A club. C. A curse.
9. What is the wman reading nw?
A. The Beautiful Mind.
B. The Kite Runner.
C The Great Gatsby.
10. Hw much time des the man have t read the bk?
A. Abut tw weeks.
B. Abut three weeks.
C. Abut ne mnth.
听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。.
11. Hw did the man learn abut the apartment?
A. In the newspaper. B. Frm his friend. C. Thrugh the Internet.
12. What is cvered in the rent?
A. Gas. B. Electricity. C. Water.
13. When can the man mve in?
A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Why did the wman fail t catch the bus?
A. She was late.
B. The bus left earlier than usual.
C. She wanted t walk hme.
15. What is the man wrried abut?
A. The wman’s safety.
B. The public transprtatin.
C. The dangerus neighbrhd.
16. What des the wman decide t d in the end?
A. Buy a car.
B. Call the newspaper.
C. Cmplain t the lcal gvernment.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
A. Cling fans. B. Air cnditining. C. Rm design.
18. Which cuntry might have invented the first cling device?
A. Egypt. B. Rme. C. China.
19. Which cling methd has the lngest histry?
A. Wet plants. B. Cld water. C. Hand fans.
20. Where is the passage mst prbably taken frm?
A. A radi prgramme.
B. A culture magazine.
C. A histry bk.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
British cinema basts a rich diversity f films that weave appealing narratives with stunning landscapes and fascinating characters. These films celebrate the diverse beauty and cultural heritage f Britain.
Lcal Her
Lcal Her digs int the cnflict between a giant US il cmpany and a remte Scttish village when the frmer plans t build a refinery (精炼厂). Hwever, the exceptinally beautiful landscapes and the firm attitude f the villagers sway the cmpany’s decisin. The stry has been a lasting appeal t audiences, even after ver fur decades.
Kes
British directr Ken Lach’s first triumph Kes, describes the tuching narrative f a yung Yrkshire by taking the jurney f capturing and training an eagle. The film ffers a rare descriptin f Yrkshire, filled with a tender lens that celebrates its essence.
The Dig
The delightful cunties surrunding Lndn are vividly depicted in The Dig, set against the peaceful cuntryside f Sufflk befre Wrld War II. Ralph Fiennes, a famus actr, plays the rle f a self-taught archaelgist unearthing the mysteries f an Angl-Saxn graveyard, adding t its fun.
Calvary
Irish directr Michael McDnagh’s films set in Ireland are undubtedly attractive, ften integrating Ireland’s picturesque scenery int the stry. Amng these, Calvary, stands ut. It recrds the difficult and tiring jurney f a mral priest, dealing with the evil frces within his area.
1. What is the setting f the film Lcal Her?
A. A Yrkshire village.
B. A remte Scttish village.
C. The cuntryside f Sufflk.
D. The Angl-Saxn graveyard.
2. Which f the fllwing films will appeal t curius histry lvers?
A. Lcal Her.B. Kes.
C. Calvary.D. The Dig.
3. What is the theme f the British films mentined in the text?
A. The mral dilemma f an Irish priest.
B. The natinal and cultural heritage f Britain.
C. The beauty and diversity f British landscapes and characters.
D. The adventures f Yrkshire bys capturing and training eagles.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍4部英国电影。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lcal Her部分“Lcal Her digs int the cnflict between a giant US il cmpany and a remte Scttish village when the frmer plans t build a refinery(精炼厂). (《当地英雄》挖掘了一家美国大型石油公司与一个偏远的苏格兰村庄之间的冲突，当时前者计划建造一座炼油厂。)”可知，《当地英雄》这部电影的背景是一个偏远的苏格兰村庄。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Dig部分“The delightful cunties surrunding Lndn are vividly depicted in The Dig, set against the peaceful cuntryside f Sufflk befre Wrld War II. Ralph Fiennes, a famus actr, plays the rle f a self-taught archaelgist unearthing the mysteries f an Angl-Saxn graveyard, adding t its fun. (《挖掘》生动地描绘了伦敦周围令人愉快的郡，背景是二战前萨福克郡宁静的乡村。著名演员拉尔夫·费因斯扮演一位自学成才的考古学家，挖掘盎格鲁撒克逊墓地的奥秘，增加了它的乐趣。)”可知，《挖掘》会吸引好奇的历史爱好者。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“British cinema basts a rich diversity f films that weave appealing narratives with stunning landscapes and fascinating characters. These films celebrate the diverse beauty and cultural heritage f Britain. (英国电影拥有丰富多样的电影，这些电影将引人入胜的故事与令人惊叹的风景和迷人的人物交织在一起。这些电影歌颂了英国的多元美景和文化遗产。)”可知，文中提到的英国电影的主题是英国风景和人物的美丽和多样性。故选C。
B
“The muntains are calling and I must g”—the famus qute is frm Jhn Muir(1838-1914), wh is described as “the wilderness pet” and “the citizen f the universe.” He nce jkingly referred t himself as a “pet-gelgist-btanist and rnithlgist (鸟类学家)-naturalist etc. etc.!” He is knwn as the Father f American Natinal Parks.
Famed dcumentary filmmaker Ken Burns recently said, “As we gt t knw him… he was amng the highest individuals in America; I’m talking abut the level f Abraham Lincln, Martin Luther King Jr., and Thmas Jeffersn—peple wh have had a transfrmatinal effect n wh we are.”
S where is the qute frm? Well, Jhn Muir was a prductive writer. Whether he was writing petry r simply letters t his family, Jhn Muir was always putting pen t paper. The qute is frm within ne f his many letters written t his sister:
4. What can we learn frm Jhn Muir’s self-descriptin in paragraph 1?
A. He lnged t expand his wn career.
B. He enjyed his invlvement in nature.
C. He wanted t find his real advantage.
D. He valued his identity as a pet mst.
5. What did Ken Burns mainly talk abut?
A. Muir’s plitical influence.B. A dcumentary film n Muir.
C. Muir’s histric significance.D. The scial circle arund Muir.
6. Hw did Muir feel when writing the first paragraph f his letter?
A. Relieved but regretful.B. Exhausted but cntent.
C Excited but lnely.D. Defeated but hpeful.
7. Why must Jhn Muir g int muntains again?
A. T g n with his muntain studies.
B. T seek freedm frm scial cnnectin.
C. T attend an appintment in Oakland.
D. T experience the hardship f wilderness.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍约翰·缪尔（Jhn Muir）和他的名言，以及他给妹妹的一封信。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段““The muntains are calling and I must g”—the famus qute is frm Jhn Muir(1838-1914), wh is described as “the wilderness pet” and “the citizen f the universe.” He nce jkingly referred t himself as a “pet-gelgist-btanist and rnithlgist(鸟类学家)-naturalist etc. etc.!” He is knwn as the Father f American Natinal Parks. (“群山在呼唤，我必须要去”——这句名言出自约翰·缪尔（1838-1914），他被描述为“荒野诗人”和“宇宙公民”。他曾戏称自己是“诗人、地质学家、植物学家、鸟类学家、博物学家等！”他被称为美国国家公园之父。)”可知，约翰·缪尔非常喜欢他在大自然中的探索。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Famed dcumentary filmmaker Ken Burns recently said, “As we gt t knw him… he was amng the highest individuals in America; I’m talking abut the level f Abraham Lincln, Martin Luther King Jr., and Thmas Jeffersn—peple wh have had a transfrmatinal effect n wh we are.”(著名纪录片制作人肯·伯恩斯最近说：“随着我们对他的了解……他是美国最优秀的人之一；我说的是亚伯拉罕·林肯、马丁·路德·金和托马斯·杰斐逊的水平，他们对我们的身份产生了变革性的影响。”)”可知，这一段肯·伯恩斯把约翰·缪尔与亚伯拉罕·林肯、马丁·路德·金和托马斯·杰斐逊放在一起对比，体现出了约翰·缪尔的重要性。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据信件的第一段“I am weary, but resting fast; sleepy, but sleeping deep and fast; hungry, but eating much. (我很累，但休息得很快；昏昏欲睡，但睡得又深又快；饿了，但吃得多。)”可知，缪尔当时身心疲惫但内心却很满足。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据信件的第三段“Thugh slw, smeday I will have the results f my muntain studies in a frm in which yu all will be able t read and judge them. The muntains are calling and I must g, and I will wrk n while I can, studying incessantly(永不停息地). (虽然速度很慢，但总有一天我会以你们都能阅读和判断的形式获得我的山地研究结果。大山在召唤我，我必须去，我会尽我所能继续努力，不断学习。)”可知，约翰·缪尔必须再次上山是要继续他的山地研究。故选A。
C
Fr decades, scientists thught f the brain as the mst valuable and cnsequently mst clsely guarded part f the bdy. Lcked safely behind the bld-brain barrier, it was bradly free f the harm f viruses and the battles started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, abut 20 years ag, sme researchers began t wnder: is the brain really s separated frm the bdy? The answer, accrding t a grwing bdy f evidence, is n.
The list f brain cnditins that have been assciated with changes elsewhere in the bdy is lng and grwing. Changes in the makeup f the micrrganisms in the digestive system have been linked t disrders such as Parkinsn’s disease. There is als a thery that infectin during pregnancy culd lead t brain diseases in babies.
The effect is tw-way. There is a lengthening list f symptms nt typically viewed as disrders f the nervus system, but the brain plays a large part in them. Fr example, the develpment f a fever is influenced by a ppulatin f nerve cells that cntrl bdy temperature and appetite. Evidence is munting that cancers use nerves t grw and spread.
The intercnnectin between the brain and bdy has prmising implicatins fr ur ability t bth understand and treat illnesses. If sme brain disrders start utside the brain, then perhaps treatments fr them culd als reach in frm utside. Treatments that take effect thrugh the digestive system, the heart r ther rgans, wuld be much easier and less risky than thse that must crss the bld-brain barrier.
It als wrks in the ppsite directin. Study shws mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulatin t a brain area invlved in psitive emtin and mtivatin. Activatin f the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems t cause immune changes that cntribute t it. Wrking ut hw this happens culd help t destry cancers, enhance respnses t vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, fr centuries, have nt been cnsidered as being psychlgically driven.
8. What d the researchers fcus n abut the brain?
A. Its prtecting system.B. Its expsure t diseases.
C. Its cntrlling functin.D. Its cnnectin t the bdy.
9. Hw des the authr supprt his idea in paragraph 2?
A. By explaining a thery.B. By prviding examples.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By presenting cause and effect.
10. Which best describes treatments that d nt crss the bld-brain barrier?
A. Cheaper.B. Mre specific.
C. Safer.D. Mre direct.
11. What des the study suggest in the last paragraph?
A. Brain health depends n immune changes.
B. Brain stimulatin leads t negative emtins.
C. The brain can help enhance psychlgical health.
D. The brain may be key t treating physical diseases.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些研究人员发现大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分，它和身体的其它部分产生的疾病是有联系的。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Then, abut 20 years ag, sme researchers began t wnder: is the brain really s separated frm the bdy? The answer, accrding t a grwing bdy f evidence, is n. (然后，大约20年前，一些研究人员开始怀疑：大脑真的与身体如此分离吗？根据越来越多的证据，答案是否定的。)”可知，研究人员主要研究大脑与身体的联系。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The list f brain cnditins that have been assciated with changes elsewhere in the bdy is lng and grwing. Changes in the makeup f the micrrganisms in the digestive system have been linked t disrders such as Parkinsn’s disease. There is als a thery that infectin during pregnancy culd lead t brain diseases in babies. (与身体其他部位变化相关的大脑状况清单很长，而且还在不断增加。消化系统中微生物组成的变化与帕金森病等疾病有关。还有一种理论认为，怀孕期间的感染可能会导致婴儿脑部疾病。)”可知，这一段作者主要通过消化系统和怀孕期间的感染2个例子来论证自己的观点，说明大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Treatments that take effect thrugh the digestive system, the heart r ther rgans, wuld be much easier and less risky than thse that must crss the bld-brain barrier. (通过消化系统、心脏或其他器官进行的治疗比必须穿过血脑屏障的治疗更容易，风险更小。)”可知，不通过血脑屏障的治疗风险更小。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Study shws mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulatin t a brain area invlved in psitive emtin and mtivatin. Activatin f the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems t cause immune changes that cntribute t it. Wrking ut hw this happens culd help t destry cancers, enhance respnses t vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, fr centuries, have nt been cnsidered as being psychlgically driven. (研究表明，在大脑中涉及积极情绪和动机的区域受到刺激后，小鼠的心脏更健康。大脑奖赏中心——被称为腹侧被盖区（VTA）——的激活似乎会导致免疫变化。弄清楚这种情况是如何发生的，可以帮助摧毁癌症，增强对疫苗的反应，甚至重新评估几个世纪以来一直不被认为是心理驱动的物理疾病。)”可知，大脑可能是治疗身体疾病的关键。故选D。
D
Ariel Prcaccia has thught a lt abut hw t cut a cake ver the last 15 years. As the father f three children, he knws hw hard it is t divide a birthday cake t everyne’s satisfactin. But it’s als because Prcaccia’s wrk fcuses n explring the mathematical rules fr dividing stuff up fairly. One way t d that is t think abstractly abut dessert.
Fr decades, researchers have been asking the seemingly simple questin f hw t cut a cake fairly. The answer reaches far beynd birthday parties. A mathematical prblem at its heart, cake cutting cnnects strict reasning t real-wrld issues f fairness, and s attracts nt nly mathematicians, but als scial scientists, ecnmists and mre. “It’s a very elegant mdel in which yu can distill what fairness really is, and reasn abut it,” Prcaccia says.
The simplest apprach is called the “divider-chser” methd, where ne persn cuts the cake int tw equal pieces in his view, and the ther persn picks first. Each receives a piece that they feel is as valuable as the ther’s. But when persnal preferences are taken int accunt, even the easiest rule becmes cmplicated. Suppse Alice and Bb are t divide a cake, and Alice knws Bb prefers chclate, she may knwingly divide the cake unequally s the smaller piece cntains mre chclate. Then Bb will chse accrding t his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Bth f them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning f fairness changes in this situatin.
The cake is a symbl fr any divisible gd. When cake-cutting principles are emplyed t settle disagreements, they are ptentially helping the wrld find slutins. Prcaccia has used fair divisin algrithms(算法) t mdel fd distributin. Scial scientist Haris Aziz is explring situatins ranging frm hw t divide up daily tasks t hw t best schedule dctrs’ shifts in hspitals.
Even after decades f investigatin, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle(拼图) with a well-defined slutin. Instead, ver time, it has evlved int a kind f mathematical sandbx, a cnstructive playgrund that brings tgether abstract prfs and easy applicatins. The mre researchers explre it, the mre there is t explre.
12. What des the underlined wrd “distill” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Get the essence f.B. Find the ppsite f.
C. Keep the fcus n.D. Reduce the impact n.
13. What can we learn abut fairness frm the example given in paragraph 3?
A. Its standard is stable.B. It prevents unequal divisin.
C. Its cncept is cmplex.D. It dminates persnal preferences.
14. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut cncerning cake cutting?
A. The applicatin f its rules.B. The details f its prcess.
C. The prblems it prduces.D. The harmny it symblizes.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Wh benefits mst frm fairness?
B. Hw has fairness changed ver time?
C. What methd wrks best in cake-cutting?
D. Why are researchers s interested in cake-cutting?
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍各个领域的研究人员对切蛋糕这一问题的本质和方法的研究以及切蛋糕的规则在解决现实问题中的应用。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“A mathematical prblem at its heart, cake cutting cnnects strict reasning t real-wrld issues f fairness, and s attracts nt nly mathematicians, but als scial scientists, ecnmists and mre. “It’s a very elegant mdel in which yu can distill what fairness really is, and reasn abut it,” Prcaccia says. (切蛋糕是一个数学问题的核心，它将严格的推理与现实世界的公平问题联系在一起，因此不仅吸引了数学家，也吸引了社会科学家、经济学家等。Prcaccia说：“这是一个非常优雅的模型，在这个模型中，你可以distill出什么是公平，并对此进行推理。”)”可知，这里说明人们可以通过切蛋糕问题来提炼理解什么是公平，所以distill的意思应该是“提炼”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“But when persnal preferences are taken int accunt, even the easiest rule becmes cmplicated. Suppse Alice and Bb are t divide a cake, and Alice knws Bb prefers chclate, she may knwingly divide the cake unequally s the smaller piece cntains mre chclate. Then Bb will chse accrding t his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Bth f them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning f fairness changes in this situatin. (但当考虑到个人偏好时，即使是最简单的规则也会变得复杂。假设爱丽丝和鲍勃要分一块蛋糕，爱丽丝知道鲍勃更喜欢巧克力，她可能会故意把蛋糕分得不相等，这样小的一块含有更多的巧克力。然后鲍勃会根据自己的喜好进行选择，爱丽丝会得到更大的一块。他们都对所得到的感到满意，但公平的意义在这种情况下发生了变化。)”可知，公平这一概念是很复杂的。故选C。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The cake is a symbl fr any divisible gd. When cake-cutting principles are emplyed t settle disagreements, they are ptentially helping the wrld find slutins. Prcaccia has used fair divisin algrithms(算法) t mdel fd distributin. Scial scientist Haris Aziz is explring situatins ranging frm hw t divide up daily tasks t hw t best schedule dctrs’ shifts in hspitals. (蛋糕是任何可分割商品的象征。当切蛋糕的原则被用来解决分歧时，它们有可能帮助世界找到解决方案。Prcaccia使用公平分配算法对食物分配进行建模。社会科学家Haris Aziz正在探索各种情况，从如何分配日常任务到如何最好地安排医生在医院的轮班。)”可知，这一段主要介绍切蛋糕规则的应用。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ariel Prcaccia has thught a lt abut hw t cut a cake ver the last 15 years. As the father f three children, he knws hw hard it is t divide a birthday cake t everyne’s satisfactin. But it’s als because Prcaccia’s wrk fcuses n explring the mathematical rules fr dividing stuff up fairly. One way t d that is t think abstractly abut dessert. (Ariel Prcaccia在过去的15年里思考了很多关于如何切蛋糕的问题。作为三个孩子的父亲，他知道要让每个人都满意地分一个生日蛋糕有多难。但这也是因为Prcaccia的工作专注于探索公平划分事物的数学规则。一种方法是抽象地思考甜点。)”和最后一段“Even after decades f investigatin, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle(拼图) with a well-defined slutin. Instead, ver time, it has evlved int a kind f mathematical sandbx, a cnstructive playgrund that brings tgether abstract prfs and easy applicatins. The mre researchers explre it, the mre there is t explre. (即使经过几十年的调查，切蛋糕也不像一个简单的拼图游戏，有明确的解决方案。相反，随着时间的推移，它已经演变成一种数学沙盒，一个将抽象证明和简单应用程序结合在一起的建设性游乐场。研究人员对它的探索越多，就越有探索的余地。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍研究者为什么对切蛋糕问题感兴趣。故选D。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw T Stp Bein g A Peple Pleaser
As a recvering peple pleaser, I spent much f my life keeping thers happy. Breaking this habit meant stepping n a few tes. Hwever, I’ve becme a happier persn as a result. Here are sme tips I used t stp being a peple pleaser.
Identify yur pririties. Take a mment t think abut why yu are trying t learn hw t stp being a peple pleaser. ___16___ Why d yu feel the need t keep them happy? Answering these questins will help yu set a gal that yu can hld yurself accuntable t.
Just say “n”. One reasn why peple pleasers say “yes” t everything is that they fear disappinting thers. ___17___ If yu are a peple pleaser, yu are likely t spend lts f energy trying t cntrl hw peple feel abut yu. The best thing yu can d is let them feel their feelings. It will feel liberating t free yurself frm being respnsible fr smene else’s reactin.
___18___ Saying “n” is a gd way t set better bundaries in yur imprtant relatinships. All healthy relatinships have their wn bundaries. If yu haven’t set bundaries in yur relatinships, the dds are that at sme pint yu will end up feeling pressured t d smething yu dn’t want t d.
Accept yurself. Many peple pleasers are insecure abut wh they are. ___19___ Check ut ur summary f Brené Brwn’s the Gifts f Imperfectin t learn hw t accept yur imperfectins and lve yurself.
Remember that yu cannt please everyne. N matter what yu d there will always be smene wh is unhappy with yur chices. ___20___
A. Learn t set healthy bundaries.
B. Dn’t mix up yur bundaries with thers’.
C. Wh are the peple that yu feel the need t please?
D. Spend sme time learning t lve yurself fr wh yu are.
E. S why bther trying t please everyne if it isn’t pssible?
F. But saying “n” is the best way t take care f yur wn needs.
G. That is why the mre yu seek security, the less f it yu have.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何停止取悦他人，从而成为一个更快乐的人的建议。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Why d yu feel the need t keep them happy?(为什么你觉得有必要让他们开心？)”可知，C. Wh are the peple that yu feel the need t please?(你觉得有必要取悦哪些人?)能够衔接上文，符合语境。其中them指代上文中的the peple the peple that yu feel the need t please。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Just say “n”. One reasn why peple pleasers say “yes” t everything is that they fear disappinting thers.(只要说“不”。讨好者对任何事情都说“是”的一个原因是他们害怕让别人失望)”可知，此处建议我们学会说“不”。由此可知，F. But saying “n” is the best way t take care f yur wn needs.(但是说“不”是照顾自己需求的最好方式)能够衔接上文，且与上文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Saying “n” is a gd way t set better bundaries in yur imprtant relatinships. All healthy relatinships have their wn bundaries.(说“不”是在你的重要关系中设定更好界限的好方法。所有健康的关系都有自己的界限)”可知，本段建议设定健康的界限。由此可知，A. Learn t set healthy bundaries.(学会设定健康的界限)适合作本段小标题，符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Accept yurself. Many peple pleasers are insecure abut wh they are.(接受你自己。许多讨好者对自己是谁没有安全感)”可知，本段建议介绍真实的自己。由此可知，D. Spend sme time learning t lve yurself fr wh yu are.(花点时间学会爱真实的自己)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Remember that yu cannt please everyne. N matter what yu d there will always be smene wh is unhappy with yur chices.(记住，你不可能取悦所有人。无论你做什么，总会有人对你的选择不满意)”可知，E. S why bther trying t please everyne if it isn’t pssible?(那么，如果不可能的话，为什么还要费心去取悦每个人呢？)能够衔接上文，构成因果关系，符合语境。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Smith brught his three-mnth-ld sn ut fr breakfast ne day. He was playing with his sn and tending t him while eating, and just ding his ____21____ thing.
But then he nticed a ____22____ staring at him. He was ____23____. “What is ging n?” “They kept ____24____ at me,” he wrte in a pst.
As it ____25____, the strangers were just happy t see a dad spending time with his sn, and they felt inspired while watching the ____26____. Smith had n way f knwing that until he paid fr his meal. He was given by the waiter a ____27____ frm the cuple, saying what a great father he was and that they wuld like t leave sme ____28____ fr his meal.
“Tday yur meal is n my wife and me,” it read. “____29____ that baby as lng as pssible. The Masns.”
Fr Smith, it was a happy mment f reassurance (认可) and feeling _____30_____. He was tuched by the genersity and nted that he didn’t have a father figure grwing up, s spending this time with his sn is super _____31_____ t him.
He wrte that he’ll share this _____32_____ with his sn when he’s lder and that he wants t teach him kindness and abut the _____33_____ f giving back.
“I make sure I’m _____34_____,” Smith wrapped. “I get blessed — I want t _____35_____ smene else.”
21. A. unusualB. rareC. bigD. regular
22. A. strangerB. wmanC. cupleD. waiter
23. A. embarrassedB. cnfusedC. wrriedD. scared
24. A. shutingB. aimingC. smilingD. getting
25. A. turns utB. turns nC. strikes utD. ges n
26. A. relatinshipB. appreciatinC. friendshipD. instructin
27. A. billB. nteC. excuseD. ntice
28. A. creditB. cashC. changeD. frtune
29. A. EnjyB. ShareC. PrtectD. Cheer
30. A. lstB. expsedC. wrngedD. seen
31. A. significantB. ccasinalC. gratefulD. influential
32. A. ideaB. breakfastC. jyD. stry
33. A. feelingB. cmfrtC. pwerD. cnsequence
34. A. carrying it thrughB. paying it frwardC. making it upD. putting it dwn
35. A. apprachB. addressC. blessD. watch
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文 。文章主要讲述了一位父亲在饭店一边吃饭，一边和儿子玩耍并照顾他。一对夫妇看到这一场景，很感动。主动给他们提供了餐费。这位父亲决定将这份爱心传递下去，并让他儿子知道善举的意义。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他和儿子一起玩，一边吃饭一边照顾他，做着平常做的事情。A. unusual不寻常的；B. rare稀少的；C. big大的；D. regular常规的。根据上文“He was playing with his sn and tending t him”可知，他做着平常的事情。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他注意到有一对夫妇盯着他看。A. stranger陌生人；B. wman女人；C. cuple夫妇；D. waiter服务生。根据下文“Tday yur meal is n my wife and me”可知，一对夫妇盯着他看。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很困惑。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. wrried担忧的；D. scared惊恐的。根据上文“But then he nticed a ____2____ staring at him”以及下文““What is ging n?””可知，史密斯很困惑，不知道对方为什么盯着他看。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析句意：他们一直对我微笑。A. shuting喊叫；B. aiming目标；C. smiling微笑；D. getting获得。根据下文“the strangers were just happy t see a dad spending time with his sn”可知，这对夫妇一直对着史密斯微笑。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：事实证明，陌生人只是很高兴看到一个父亲和他的儿子在一起，他们在观看这段关系时感到受到了启发。A. turns ut结果是，证明是；B. turns n打开；C. strikes ut开始行动；D. ges n继续。根据下文“the strangers were just happy t see a dad spending time with his sn”可知，此处是对上文Smith的疑惑作出解释，阐述事实真相，turns ut“结果是，证明是”符合语境。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，陌生人只是很高兴看到一个父亲和他的儿子在一起，他们在观看这段关系时感到受到了鼓舞。A. relatinship关系；B. appreciatin感激；C. friendship友谊；D. instructin指示。根据上文“He was playing with his sn and tending t him while eating”可知，这对夫妇在看到Smith和儿子在一起，父子之间关系融洽的场景让他们受到鼓舞。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：服务员给了他一张这对夫妇的纸条，上面写着他是一个多么伟大的父亲，他们想给他留一些钱。A. bill账单；B. nte短笺，纸条；C. excuse借口；D. ntice通知。根据下文“saying what a great father he was and that they wuld like t leave sme __8__ fr his meal.”以及““Tday yur meal is n my wife and me,” it read.”可知，服务员给了他一张这对夫妇留下的纸条。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：服务员给了他一张这对夫妇的纸条，上面写着他是一个多么伟大的父亲，他们想给他留一些现金来请客。A. credit信用；B. cash现金；C. change改变；D. frtune运气。根据下文“Tday yur meal is n my wife and me”可知，夫妇想给史密斯留一些现金来请客。 故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：好好享受和孩子在一起的时光。A. Enjy享受；B. Share分享；C. Prtect保护；D. Cheer欢呼。根据上文“Smith brught his three-mnth-ld sn ut fr breakfast ne day. He was playing with his sn and tending t him while eating, and just ding his ____1____ thing.”可知，夫妇让史密斯好好享受和孩子在一起的时光。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对史密斯来说，这是一个快乐的时刻，让他感到被认可，感觉自己被关注了。A. lst丢失；B. expsed暴露；C. wrnged不公正地对待；D. seen看到，关注。根据上文“staring at him”可知，史密斯被夫妇关注了。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他被这种慷慨感动了，并指出他在成长过程父亲是缺位的，所以和儿子在一起的时间对他来说非常重要。A. significant重要的；B. ccasinal偶尔的；C. grateful感激的；D. influential有影响力的。根据上文“he didn’t have a father figure grwing up”可知，史密斯在成长过程父亲是缺位的，所以和儿子在一起的时间对他来说非常重要。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他写道，当他的儿子长大后，他会和他分享这个故事，他想教他善良和回报的力量。A. idea观点；B. breakfast早餐；C. jy快乐；D. stry故事。设空处指代上文所讲的这个故事。当他的儿子长大后，Smith会和他分享这个故事。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他写道，当他的儿子长大后，他会和他分享这个故事，他想教他善良和回报的力量。A. feeling感觉；B. cmfrt安慰；C. pwer力量；D. cnsequence结果。根据上文“he wants t teach him kindness”、“f giving back.”以及下文“I get blessed — I want t ___15___ smene else.”可知，他想教他善良和回报的力量。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我要确保我把爱传递出去。A. carrying it thrugh坚持到底；B. paying it frward将接受的恩惠传递下去；C. making it up组成；D. putting it dwn放下。根据下文“I get blessed — I want t ____15____ smene else.”可知，史密斯要确保自己把善意与爱传递出去。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：得到了祝福——我想祝福别人。A. apprach接近；B. address演讲；C. bless祝福；D. watch观看。根据上文“I get blessed”可知，得到了别人的祝福，也想祝福别人。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The ttal flr area f Chain’s green buildings has been ver 6. 6 billin square meters with the cuntry’s effrts t prmte high-quality develpment in urban and rural areas.
___36___ (nte)China’s achievements f green develpment in urban and rural areas, Zhang Xiahng, vice minister f husing and urban-rural develpment, ___37___ (stress)the difficult task f saving energy and reducing carbn emissins in urban and rural cnstructin at a press cnference n Mnday.
The ministry will make cntinuus effrts ___38___ (increase)the prprtin f green buildings, raise building energy efficiency standards and ppularize buildings with extra-lw energy ___39___ (cnsume)in regins with suitable climate cnditins. It will als prmte green renvatin f existing buildings t imprve energy efficiency and make ___40___ (lw)carbn emissins.
China issued a guideline ___41___ supprts green develpment in urban and rural areas recently. Institutinal mechanisms and plicy systems fr green develpment in urban and rural areas will be ___42___ (basic)established by 2025, while green develpment will cver urban and rural areas ___43___ a cmprehensive way by 2035, with ___44___ increased cut in carbn emissins, said the guideline.
The ministry will state a 14th five-year plan n urban and rural living envirnment planning and take ____45____ (measure)t bring ec-envirnment, cnstructin and scial and cultural envirnment int line while prmting green develpment f regins and cities.
【答案】36. Nting
37. stressed
38. t increase
39. cnsumptin
40. lwer 41. that##which
42. basically
43. in 44. an
45. measures
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国在城乡绿色发展方面取得成就以及未来的举措。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：住房和城乡建设部副部长张晓红在周一的新闻发布会上提到了中国在城乡绿色发展方面取得的成就，强调了在城乡建设中节能减排的艰巨任务。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处在句中只能用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语Zhang Xiahng与动词nte之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，整个分词短语作状语，设空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填Nting。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：住房和城乡建设部副部长张晓红在周一的新闻发布会上提到了中国在城乡绿色发展方面取得的成就，强调了在城乡建设中节能减排的艰巨任务。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；主语Zhang Xiahng与动词stress之间为主动关系，结合时间状语n Mnday可知，此处表示过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填stressed。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：环保部将继续努力提高绿色建筑的比例，提高建筑能效标准，并在气候条件适宜的地区推广超低能耗建筑。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式；结合句意可知，设空处在句中表目的，应用t d不定式。故填t increase。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：环保部将继续努力提高绿色建筑的比例，提高建筑能效标准，并在气候条件适宜的地区推广超低能耗建筑。分析句子可知，设空处受前面extra-lw energy的修饰，应用名词，energy cnsumptin表示“能耗”，设空处应填cnsumptin。故填cnsumptin。
【40题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：它还将推动现有建筑的绿色改造，以提高能源效率，降低碳排放。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面的carbn emissins，结合句意可知，此处表示“降低碳排放”，与过去存在对比，应用形容词的比较级。故填lwer。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：近日，中国发布了支持城乡绿色发展的指导意见。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰前面的guideline，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，先行词表示物，应用that或which引导。故填that或which。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：《意见》指出，到2025年，城乡绿色发展体制机制和政策体系基本建立，到2035年，绿色发展全面覆盖城乡，碳减排力度进一步加大。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作状语，修饰动词，应用副词；basic的副词形式为basically，表示“基本上、大体上”。故填basically。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：《意见》指出，到2025年，城乡绿色发展体制机制和政策体系基本建立，到2035年，绿色发展全面覆盖城乡，碳减排力度进一步加大。分析句子可知，设空处在句中连接两个名词性短语，应用介词；结合句意可知，此处指“以一种全面的方式”覆盖城乡，应用介词in，表示方式方法。故填in。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：《意见》指出，到2025年，城乡绿色发展体制机制和政策体系基本建立，到2035年，绿色发展全面覆盖城乡，碳减排力度进一步加大。分析句子可知，设空处在句中限定后面的increased cut，cut表示“削减”，为可数名词，此处为单数形式，故设空处应用不定冠词，表示泛指，increased为元音音素发音的词，应用an。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：环保部将制定“十四五”城乡人居环境规划，并采取措施，在促进区域和城市绿色发展的同时，将生态环境、建筑和社会文化环境相结合。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；measure为可数名词，表示“措施”，设空处前面没有冠词，故此处应用复数形式。故填measures。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 3月12日是一年一度的植树节。学校拟组织全体学生参加“我给家乡添抹绿”的植树活动。请以学生会的名义用英文拟一则通知。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动安排；
3. 注意事项。
注意：
1. 词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ntice
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Ntice
Attentin, please!
March 12 is ur Tree Planting Day. We have decided t g and plant trees that day. What we are suppsed t d is that all the students in ur schl take part in the activity. Each class must take five r six basins t water the yung trees. Others are t take spades t dig hles. We are ging t gather n the schl playgrund at seven n the mrning f March 12, at which time we will take ur schl bus t the West Hill.
Please dn’t be late r absent. Thank yu.
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生拟一则通知，告诉大家关于学校要在3月12日组织全体学生参加“我给家乡添抹绿”的植树活动。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
决定：decide→make a decisin
应该，被期待：be suppsed t→be required t
加入：take part in→jin in
聚集：gather→assemble
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Each class must take five r six basins t water the yung trees.
拓展句：Each class must take five r six basins s that we can water the yung trees.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What we are suppsed t d is that all the students in ur schl take part in the activity.（由What引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句）
【高分句型2】We are ging t gather n the schl playgrund at seven n the mrning f March 12, at which time we will take ur schl bus t the West Hill.（由which引导的定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a dream brn in fire. Andrea Petersn was 5 when she was trapped n the ledge (窗台) f a burning building.
“Thrw the kid dwn!” said ne f the firemen belw, whse eyes are firm and curageus, alng with prfessinal rescue techniques. Seeing this, little Andrea jumped int lifesaving arms and a life-lng ambitin: She wanted t fight fires as her rescuers did.
She tld that t the men wh had saved her, and they laughed naturally the way grwn-ups d when a kid says he wants t be an astrnaut r a sprts star. But this was back in a time when little girls weren’t even allwed t fantasize (幻想) abut such grand gals.
“Yu’ll be a gd mmmy,” the firemen tld her. “Yu’ll be a gd teacher, maybe yu’ll be a nurse, but yu can never be a fireman.”
Indeed, life sidelined her ambitius dream. She was studying fr a degree in aviatin technlgy (航空科技) and that’s where she met her husband, Dennis. Unfrtunately, Dennis was diagnsed with cancer. Petersn spent 31 years caring fr the man she lved, and in 2007, when Dennis was abut t leave, he was at peace but wrried fr her. “But what are yu ging t d?” “I’ll be fine,” she tld him.
At 61, she attended a curse fr emergencies. She went n an ambulance ride-alng frm time t time. It turned ut t be a life-and-death situatin, which reminded her f the childhd experience back in the fire. But every time she saw peple wh were in need were successfully rescued, Petersn felt that lng-ag childhd calling. She earned her emergency medical technician license and respnded t fire calls with the ambulance. She fund that her years f tending t Dennis had prepared her fr dealing with the variety f hurts and ills. The inside calling eched increasingly strnger.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After a year, she signed up fr a training unit fr firefighters.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally came the written and physical fitness test day.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 After a year, she signed up fr a training unit fr firefighters. N sner had she stepped int the training venue than she fund all her classmates were 18-22 yung kids. “Culd I really make it?” Petersn thught t herself, struggling. At the very mment, she was nce again thught f the firm and curageus eyes f the firefighters wh came t rescue her ver 50 years ag. She instantly rlled up her sleeves and began t learn bth theretical and practical knwledge as her much yunger peers.
Finally came the written and physical fitness test day. Fr Petersn, she was at an advantageus situatin fr the theretical part, as her past rescue experiences n ambulance ride-alng made her a qualified rescuer already. Hwever, the 3-km running, push-ups, sit-ups, etc. all behaved as huge gaps awaiting her t cnquer. Thugh she ranked the last amng such items, her persistence, endurance as well as the passin fr a childhd dream made her name appear n the list f newly-annunced firefighters. This time, tears blurred her eyes, as the dream brn in the fire was eventually fulfilled.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事情发展的顺序展开，主要讲述了五岁的Andrea Petersn被困在着火的大楼里，当消防员把她救出来后，她想成为一名消防员。在Andrea Petersn61岁时，她重拾自己的这一梦想。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一年后，她报名参加了一个消防员培训单位。”可知，第一段可描写在参加培训时，她发现同学都是年轻人，但是她没气馁，坚定自己的梦想。
②由第二段首句内容“终于到了笔试和体能测试的日子。”可知，第二段可描写笔试和体能测试的过程中她坚定自己的梦想，最终完成所有的测试，成为一名消防员。
2.续写线索：参加培训——同学都是年轻人——没有气馁，坚定梦想——参加笔试和体能测试——完成所有测试——成为一名消防员
3.词汇激活
行为类
①成功做到：make it/succeed
②等待：await/wait fr
③实现：fulfill/achieve
情绪类
①勇敢的：curageus/brave
【点睛】[高分句型1] N sner had she stepped int the training venue than she fund all her classmates were 18-22 yung kids. （运用了倒装句）
[高分句型2]At the very mment, she was nce again thught f the firm and curageus eyes f the firefighters wh came t rescue her ver 50 years ag. （由关系代词wh引导限制性定语从句）
[高分句型3]This time, tears blurred her eyes, as the dream brn in the fire was eventually fulfilled.（as引导的原因状语从句）
September 3rd, 1873
Ysemite Valley
Dear sister Sarah,
I have just returned frm the lngest and hardest trip I have ever made in the muntains, having been gne ver five weeks. I am weary, but resting fast; sleepy, but sleeping deep and fast; hungry, but eating much. Fr tw weeks I explred the glaciers f the summits east f here, sleeping amng the snwy muntains withut blankets and with little t eat n accunt f its being s inaccessible. After my icy experiences, it seems strange t be dwn here in s warm and flwery a climate.
I will sn be ff again, determined t use all the seasn in carrying thrugh my wrk—will g next t Kings River a hundred miles suth, then t Lake Tahe and surrunding muntains, and in winter wrk in Oakland with my pen.
Thugh slw, smeday I will have the results f my muntain studies in a frm in which yu all will be able t read and judge them. The muntains are calling and I must g, and I will wrk n while I can, studying incessantly(永不停息地).
I will write again when I return frm Kings River Canyn.
Farewell, with lve everlasting.
Yurs,
Jhn
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