资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩25页未读，
继续阅读
浙江省效实中学2024届高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）
展开
这是一份浙江省效实中学2024届高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含浙江省效实中学2024届高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试题Word版含解析docx、浙江省效实中学2024届高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试题Word版无答案docx、1mp3、10mp3、2mp3、3mp3、4mp3、5mp3、6mp3、7mp3、8mp3、9mp3等12份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共42页， 欢迎下载使用。
考生须知：
1．本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）。满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。
2．请用黑色签字笔将学校、班级、姓名、考号分别填写在答题卷和机读卡的相应位置上。
第I卷（95分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des Jim prbably d?
A. A hst.B. A businessman.C. A musician.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: S Jim, yu’ve achieved huge success in the music business. Hw did this happen?
M: Yu see a ppular talent shw hst saw my vide nline, lved it and his thusands f fllwers then watched it. S that helped.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A film.B. A trip.C. A pht.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: The cuntryside was wnderful. I like the fresh mrning air.
M: Yeah, as fr the village we went t yesterday, there was s much fg arund. I think it was a gd place fr an adventure film.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the wman ask the man t d?
A. Bring a gift.B. Return smething.C. Have dinner.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s really nice f yu t ck fr me t night.
W: I’m glad t d it. Yu’ve been s helpful and it’s nly fair that I return the favr. I hpe yu’ve brught yur appetite.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When did the man get his niece’s call?
A. At 5:30.B. At 6:00.C. At 6:20.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Surely I have t meet my niece at the railway statin at six twenty. She called me half an hur ag. I just had an emergency meeting.
W: Oh, it’s six ’clck nw. Twenty minutes t g.
M: That is enugh.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where des the man mst likely live?
A. In Canada.B. In New Yrk.C. In Califrnia.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: My wife and I are planning n driving frm Califrnia t Canada fr a few weeks.
M: That’s exciting. My husband and I tk a car trip frm New Yrk t Canada a few years ag. It was a lt f fun.
第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Waiter and custmer.
B. Prfessr and student.
C. Taxi driver and passenger.
7. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She studied Drama in the U. K.
B. She has the same accent as the man.
C She is a turist.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Where t Miss?
W: The museum f natural histry please? And culd yu stp by sme fast fd restaurant n the way? I’d like t buy sme takeut.
M: Sure thing. A turist, I guess.
W: N, I was brn here. Why?
M: Well, yu dn’t have ur accent.
W: Oh, that is prbably because I’ve spent my last five years in Britain. I studied drama at the university f Winchester. There yu see.
M: OK, welcme back t the big Apple.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why des the wman think July is the best time t mve?
A. Their business is slw.
B. The weather is favrable.
C. It’s easy t hire peple.
9. Hw will they handle the mving?
A. Finish it all at nce.
B. Have the sales sectin g first.
C. D ne department at a time.
【答案】8. A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: We need t decide exactly when we’re ging t mve. Any suggestins?
W: I think July wuld be the best time. Our sales are always dwn that mnth. We culd mve all the ffice equipment at a week end, d everything at nce.
M: I think a week ends’ t shrt. Maybe we shuld d it department by department.
W: What d yu mean?
M: Well, each week a different department wuld mve that way. There wuld always be peple here t handle custmer inquiries, phne calls and s n.
W: Hmm, That’s a gd idea.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is the nly prblem f Fitzgerald’s new film accrding t the man?
A. It is uninteresting.
B. It lacks musical perfrmances.
C. It’s nly aimed at ne age grup.
11. What instrument des Fitzgerald like best?
A. The vilin.B. The pian.C. The guitar.
12. Why d many imprtant peple dislike Fitzgerald?
A. He desn’t respect ther peple.
B. He changes his mind quite ften.
C. He expresses his views directly.
13. What des the man think f Fitzgerald’s persnality?
A. Attractive.B. Warm-hearted.C. Outging.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I think the new film that Fitzgerald directed is quite gd. The nly prblem is that it’s aimed at teenagers nly. It hlds n interest fr any ther age grup.
W: I like the great musical perfrmances in Fitzgerald’s film. He’s als a gifted vilinist and guitarist, isn’t he?
M: Well, I never see him play the vilin r the guitar. As far as I knw, the pian is the nly instrument he likes.
W: I’ve heard that quite a few imprtant peple dislike him. D yu knw anything abut this?
M: Well, Fitzgerald’s expressed his pinins directly and that smetimes makes thse imprtant peple annyed. Yu see, he has his wn ideas abut life and he desn’t simply take n ther peple’s because they are famus. Indeed, it is this very aspect f his persnality that I find mst attractive. I think the nly persn he admires and respects is Freddie Taylr.
W: That they have different persnalities. Freddie has a warm heart and he is easy t get alng with.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What des Sally value mst abut after-schl activities?
A. Learning new skills.B. Opening up new hrizns.C. Helping get higher grades at schl.
15. What des Jasn benefit frm ding vluntary wrk?
A. He’s develped his interest.
B. He is emplyed by a law firm.
C. He’s gt experience fr his future career.
16. Why des Sally g t the schl sprts center?
A. T make friends.B. T rganize games.C. T pass the time.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jasn, d yu like participating in after schl activities? I think they can benefit us in different ways.
M: Yu’re right, Sally, I nce read a reprt. It shwed that taking part in after schl activities can help students get higher grades at schl. Als, such activities can teach us new skills.
W: Yu’ve gt a pint there. Well, bradening my hrizns is a tp pririty fr me. S what after schl activity d yu g t nw?
M: I’m vlunteering at a law firm. I dream f becming a lawyer and have learned sme skills by wrking there. I’m sure such experience can help make my dream cme true ne day. What abut yu?
W: I think participating in the same activity as smene else ften means yu have a shared interest that can make the participants easier t becme friends. I always g t the schl sprts center. I can meet many new peple wh lve playing sprts. We als rganize varius activities t prmte friendship.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Why des the wman g t see the man?
A. T tell him abut her wrk.
B. T ask fr a higher pay.
C. T infrm him f her new jb.
18. Hw is the business f the cmpany?
A. Wrse than befre.B. As gd as befre.C. Better than befre.
19. Which f the fllwing is ne reasn fr the wman’s requirement?
A. Financial pressure.
B. The current ecnmic situatin.
C. Cntributin t the cmpany.
20. What des the wman think f the man’s ffer?
A. Satisfactry.B. Disappinting.C. Just s-s.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me, sir, may I talk t yu?
M: Sure, cme n in. What can I d fr yu?
W: Well, sir, as yu knw, I have been an emplyee f this famus firm fr ver ten years.
M: Yes.
W: I wn’t beat arund the Bush, sir. I wuld like a raise. I currently have three cmpanies after me and s I decided t talk t yu first.
M: A raise? I wuld lve t give yu a raise, but this is just nt the right time.
W: I understand yur psitin and I knw that the current ecnmic dwnturn has had a negative impact n sale, but yu must als take int cnsideratin my hard wrk perfrmance and lyalty t this cmpany fr ver a decade.
M: Taking int accunt these factrs, and cnsidering I dn’t want t start lsing qualified persns, I’m willing t ffer yu a ten per cent raise and an extra five days f vacatin time. Hw des that sund?
W: Great, it’s a deal. Thank yu, sir.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节：（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Linda Hall Library is pen t the public free f charge during regular library hurs. There is n charge fr getting a library card. Patrns can request and use materials in the library, prvided the items are in gd physical cnditin.
T sign up fr a brrwing accunt, yu must be a resident f the Kansas City area. Yu have t prvide a current state r federal pht ID with a KC area street address.
A pht ID plus utility bill in yur name is needed if the current address differs frm that n the ID.
Patrns must shw their LHL library card r a pht ID at the time f check-ut.
Wh Can Brrw:
Individuals living within the Kansas City area as defined belw:
Missuri — Bates, Caldwell, Cass, Clay, Clintn, Jacksn, Jhnsn, Iafayette, Platte, Ray
Kansas —Duglas, Franklin, Jhnsn, Leavenwrth, L.inn, Miami, Wyandtte
Established businesses within the KC area. Cntact Reference Services at 8169268701 r reference@lindahall.rg fr mre infrmatin abut authrized brrwing fr businesses, r fill ut ur web applicatin.
Students faculty, and staff participating in Curtesy Card institutins. Cntact fr mre infrmatin abut the Curtesy Card Prgram.
If yu wish t brrw frm the Linda Hall Library but d nt meet the abve criteria, please cntact yur lcal library and request t brrw thrugh interlibrary lan frm Dcument Delivery Services.
Fr mre infrmatin n hw t request library materials, please see this guide n Making Requests in Prim. Yu may wish t register t attend an in-persn “Navigating Linda Hall Library” sessin.
21. What is a must fr brrwing materials frm the library?
A. A currently taken pht.B. A brrwing accunt.
C. A guarantee depsit.D. An authrized applicatin.
22. Which f the fllwing persns can brrw materials frm the library?
A. A student studying in a cllege.
B. An individual living in Washingtn.
C. A persn wrking a cmpany in the KC area.
D. A persn wrking fr Curtesy Card Prgram.
23. What shuld yu d if yu dn’t meet the criteria fr the library?
A. Fill ut an applicatin nline.
B. Turn t yur lcal library fr help.
C. Fllw the fficial guidance.
D. Brrw sme materials nline.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了琳达·霍尔图书馆办理免费借阅证的条件，以及具体措施。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“T sign up fr a brrwing accunt, yu must be a resident f the Kansas City area. Yu have t prvide a current state r federal pht ID with a KC area street address. (要注册一个借阅账户，你必须是堪萨斯城地区的居民。您必须提供带有 KC地区街道地址的当前州或联邦带照片的身份证件。)”以及“Patrns must shw their LHL library card r a pht ID at the time f check-ut.(读者在图书馆把书借出时必须出示LHL借书证或带照片的身份证件。)”可知，从图书馆借阅资料必须有借阅账户，借阅资料时必须出示LHL借书证或带照片的身份证件。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Wh Can Brrw:”下文中的“Established businesses within the KC area.(在KC内所建立的企业)”可知，在KC地区的公司工作的人可以从图书馆借书。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“If yu wish t brrw frm the Linda Hall Library but d nt meet the abve criteria, please cntact yur lcal library and request t brrw thrugh interlibrary lan frm Dcument Delivery Services.(如果您想从琳达·霍尔图书馆借阅但不符合上述标准，请联系您当地图书馆，并请求通过馆际互借从‘文献传递服务’借阅。)”可知，如果你不符合图书馆的标准，你可以向你当地的图书馆寻求帮助，通过“文献传递服务”申请馆际互借。故选B。
B
As a hckey parent, while watching my sn played frm Mite t Bantam, Huse League t Travel, I’ve learned that lsing may be best fr kids.
In his third seasn in 2019, my sn’s team never lst mre than three straight games. There was happiness, basting, celebratin, pizza. In shrt, it was a typically gd yuth hckey seasn. He imprved as a player, but did nt much change as a persn.
Hwever, what happened the next year added its stry t the legends f sprting incmpetence. Nt merely weak but prettily bad, this team lst 40 f their first 50 games, mst f the defeats cming in the curse f tw lsing streaks. Fr a time, I wrried that these streaks wuld kill my child’s lve f the game.
But that’s nt what happened. As bad as it gt, the lsing was clarifying. It weeded ut the kids wh were in it less fr the game than the glry, leaving just the die-hards behind. What started as a list f 17 f the team was cut dwn t 12. It was especially instructive fr the kids. It taught him a great truth f the wrld: Fr everyne gd, there is smene better.
What’s mre, the kids were learning the game in a way that nly lsing can teach. Each player gt t play everywhere, t learn and appreciate the rle f every psitin n the ice. They kept an eye n their ppnents t, studying and incrprating the tricks f success. In an effrt t break the streak, they went back t basics, accepted the wisdm f the hckey ancients: If playing like a team, they can defeat a cllectin f all-stars; If ding small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the gal.
This new team had character and culd never be cunted ut, n matter the scre. They had learned the mst imprtant lessn: Yu can lse withut being beaten. They squeaked int the state turnament, then made it all the way t the final, where the winner was decided in vertime. When they lst that game and went int the handshake line, it was nt as runners-up but as a team that had been made int winners in the nly way that will stick — by lsing.
24. What des the authr think abut the sn’s team in the third seasn in 2019?
A. The team had a bad perfrmance.
B. The team didn’t live up t the authr’s expectatins.
C. The team played typically well and wn all the games.
D. The team didn’t have the spirit f facing failure.
25. What des the underlined wrd “clarify” refer t?
A. The lsing made the kids better understand hckey.
B. The lsing helped the kids learn a great truth f the wrld.
C. The lsing separated true player frm thse playing fr glry.
D. The lsing bsted the kids’ teamwrk.
26. Accrding t the authr, what have the sn’s team learned?
A. Fr everything big, there is smething bigger.
B. Hpe fr the best, but prepare fr the wrst.
C. Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
D. The hardest battle yu’re ging t fight is the battle t be just yu.
27. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Hw Kids Can Deal With LsingB. What Kids Can Learn Frm Lsing
C. Why Kids Can Benefit Frm LsingD. Hw Kids Can Get Over Frm Lsing
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打曲棍球，他们从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In his third seasn in 2019, my sn’s team never lst mre than three straight games. There was happiness, basting, celebratin, pizza. In shrt, it was a typically gd yuth hckey seasn. He imprved as a player, but did nt much change as a persn.(2019年是我儿子的第三个赛季，他所在的球队从未输过3场以上的比赛。有快乐，有吹嘘，有庆祝，有披萨。简而言之，这是一个典型的优秀青年曲棍球赛季。作为一名球员，他有了进步，但作为一个人，他并没有太大的变化)”可知，2019年的第三个赛季，作者儿子的球队非常优秀，虽然失败过，但是还是很开心，并没有真正体会到失败带给他们的影响。由此推知，作者认为儿子的球队缺乏面对失败的精神。故选D。
【25题详解】
指代猜测题。根据划线单词下文“It weeded ut the kids wh were in it less fr the game than the glry, leaving just the die-hards behind.(它淘汰了那些不是为了比赛，而是为了荣誉的孩子，只留下了顽固分子)”可知，虽然孩子的球队比赛失败，但是失败让一切变得很明朗，因为这淘汰了那些不是为了比赛，而是为了荣誉的孩子，只留下了顽固分子。由此可推知，划线单词clarify代指下文内容，即失败将真正的球员和为荣誉而战的球员分开了。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They had learned the mst imprtant lessn: Yu can lse withut being beaten. They squeaked int the state turnament, then made it all the way t the final, where the winner was decided in vertime. When they lst that game and went int the handshake line, it was nt as runners-up but as a team that had been made int winners in the nly way that will stick — by lsing.(他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输但不被打败。他们勉强进入州锦标赛，然后一路进入决赛，在加时赛中决出冠军。当他们输掉比赛，进入握手的行列时，他们并不是作为亚军，而是作为一支以唯一的方式——失败——成为赢家的球队)”可知，作者儿子的团队虽然失败了，但他们不断进步，不断面对更大的挑战，成为更好的自己。由此可推知，作者认为，孩子们学到的教训是：对于强大的挑战，要不断进步，因为总有更大挑战在等着你。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“I’ve learned that lsing may be best fr kids.(我明白了输球对孩子来说可能是最好的)”和最后一段中的“They had learned the mst imprtant lessn: Yu can lse withut being beaten. They squeaked int the state turnament, then made it all the way t the final, where the winner was decided in vertime. When they lst that game and went int the handshake line, it was nt as runners-up but as a team that had been made int winners in the nly way that will stick — by lsing.(他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输但不被打败。他们勉强进入州锦标赛，然后一路进入决赛，在加时赛中决出冠军。当他们输掉比赛，进入握手的行列时，他们并不是作为亚军，而是作为一支以唯一的方式——失败——成为赢家的球队)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打曲棍球，他们从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。由此可知，B选项“What Kids Can Learn Frm Lsing(孩子们能从失败中学到什么)”适合作文章最佳标题。故选B。
C
In the late 1970s, archaelgists (考古学家) uncvered the remains f a wman and a yung dg, her hand resting n the puppy’s chest in a 12,000-year-ld village.
The find is sme f the earliest evidence f the bnd between humans and dgs. But even after years f study researchers are divided n hw this bnd began. Did it arise ver thusands f years, as early dgs became tamer (驯服的) and mre accustmed t human behavirs? Or was this fire already burning in the ancestrs f dgs: the gray wlf?
Christina Hansen Wheat, a behaviral eclgist at Stckhlm University, and wrkmates hand-raised 10 gray wlves frm the time they were 10 days ld. When the animals were 23 weeks ld, a caregiver led them ne at a time int a mstly empty rm. Over the curse f several minutes, the caregiver exited and entered the rm, smetimes leaving the wlf alne, smetimes leaving it with a cmplete stranger. The team repeated the experiment with 12 23-week-ld Alaskan huskies (哈士奇), which they’d raised similarly since puppyhd.
Fr the mst part, the scientists saw few differences between the wlves and the dgs. When their caregiver entered the rm, bth species scred 4.6 n a five-pint scale f “greeting behavir”—a desire t be arund the human. When the stranger entered, dg greeting behavir drpped t 4.2 and wlf t 3.5, n average, suggesting bth animals made a distinctin between the persn they knew and the ne they didn’t. It’s this distinctin that the team cunts as a sign f attachment.
In additin, dgs barely paced—a sign f stress—during the test, while wlves paced at least part f the time. Hwever, the wlves stpped pacing almst entirely when a stranger left the rm and their caretaker returned. Hansen Wheat says that’s never been seen befre in wlves. It culd be a sign, she says, that the animals view the humans wh raised them as a “scial buffer”.
Fr her, that’s the mst interesting part f the study. “If this is true, this srt f attachment is nt what separates dgs frm wlves,” she says. In ther wrds, it didn’t have t be bred int them by humans, but culd have been the seed we selected fr, and then strengthened ver thusands f years.
28. What’s the purpse f Hansen Wheat’s experiment?
A. T find ut what makes gray wlves and dgs different.
B. T explain the reasns why humans raised dgs frm ancient times.
C. T argue gray wlves after being tamed are easier t keep than dgs.
D. T prve whether gray wlves can make dglike attachment t peple.
29. What d we knw abut Hansen Wheat’s experiment frm paragraph 3 and 4?
A. Researchers began t raise gray wlves frm their birth.
B. Researchers used equal numbers f gray wlves and dgs.
C. Gray wlves felt mre stressful than dgs when a stranger came.
D. “Greeting behavir” f the tw animals was significantly different.
30. What d the underlined wrds “scial buffer” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. A reminder f feeding.B. A sign f scial attachment.
C. A surce f cmfrt and supprt.D. A warning f stpping pace.
31. What will Hansen Wheat prbably agree with accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Dgs are mre attached t humans than gray wlves.
B. It is the attachment t humans that sets gray wlves apart frm dgs.
C. The attachment between dgs and humans is the result f being tamed.
D. The attachment t humans plays a rle in the chice f dgs r gray wlves.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了狼和狗与人类之间的联系，以及它们在陌生人、陌生环境前的表现。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。第二段提到“But even after years f study researchers are divided n hw this bnd began. Did it arise ver thusands f years, as early dgs became tamer (驯服的) and mre accustmed t human behavirs? Or was this fire already burning in the ancestrs f dgs: the gray wlf?”（但即使经过多年的研究，研究人员对这种联系是如何开始的仍存在分歧。它是在几千年的时间里，随着早期的狗变得更驯服，更习惯人类的行为而出现的吗?或者这种火已经在狗的祖先灰狼身上燃烧了?）由此判断，研究人员想要了解人和狗之间的亲密关系是狗变得更容易驯服之后形成的还是在狗的祖先狼身上就已经形成，即他们想证明狼是否也会和人做出像狗一样的亲密活动。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。第四段提到“When the stranger entered, dg greeting behavir drpped t 4.2 and wlf t 3.5, n average, suggesting bth animals made a distinctin between the persn they knew and the ne they didn’t.”（当陌生人进来时，狗的问候行为平均下降到4.2分，狼的问候行为平均下降到3.5分，这表明这两种动物都区分了它们认识的人和不认识的人。）由此判断，当狼和狗遇到陌生人的时候，他们的分数都有所下降，尤其是狼的分数更低，说明狼会在陌生人面前会更加有压力。故选C。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。第五段提到“In additin, dgs barely paced—a sign f stress—during the test, while wlves paced at least part f the time. Hwever, the wlves stpped pacing almst entirely when a stranger left the rm and their caretaker returned.”（此外，狗在测试中几乎没有踱步——这是压力的一种表现，而狼至少在部分时间里踱步。然而，当一个陌生人离开房间，它们的管理员回来时，狼几乎完全停止了踱步。）由此判断，狼在陌生的环境和面对陌生人的时候会更加感觉到压力，但是当它熟悉的人回来之后，它就停止了踱步，说明熟悉的人的缓解了它的压力，而这个熟悉的人是带给它支持和安慰的人。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段提到“In ther wrds, it didn’t have t be bred int them by humans, but culd have been the seed we selected fr, and then strengthened ver thusands f years.”（换句话说，它不必由人类培育，而可能是我们选择的种子，然后经过数千年的强化。）由此判断，狼和狗一样对人都有依恋，只不过人类选择了狗为载体培养了这颗依恋的种子，因此对于人的依恋才是最重要的。故选D。
D
Almst all humans acquire at least ne language befre the age f five. Hw d yung children understand and prduce cmplex sentences with cmplicated meanings? D adults learn language differently frm children? Mst linguistic (语言学的) researchers agree that bth nature and nurture (后天) are invlved in language acquisitin. They disagree, hwever, abut hw much linguistic knwledge children have frm birth-and thus whether genetics r experience is mre imprtant in language acquisitin.
Fr many linguists, bilgical factrs are the mst imprtant in language learning. Sme argue that sme linguistic knwledge must exist in ur brains frm birth because children cannt pssibly experience every feature f their language befre the age f five. These linguists pint ut that nearly all children can prduce the same kinds f cmplex sentence structures by the age f five, even withut having heard them befre.
Many researchers have therized what this innate (先天的) linguistic knwledge must lk like. One ppular thery (理论) is universal grammar. This thery believes that all languages have the same basic structural fundatin. That fundatin is the innate knwledge universal t all humans. While children are nt genetically tending t speak a particular language, a universal grammar gives them certain linguistic infrmatin as a starting pint, which allws them t readily acquire the rules and patterns f whichever language they are expsed t.
Nt all linguists, hwever, believe that an inbrn ability fr language is the mst imprtant factr in language acquisitin. These researchers place greater emphasis n the influence f usage and experience. They argue that children are expsed t a wealth f linguistic structures ver the curse f five years. They gather data and determine language patterns and structures frm what they have bserved.
Linguists n bth sides f the debate are still wrking t explain the different language learning abilities f adults and children. Early childhd seems t be an imprtant perid fr mastering certain aspects f language. Children als tend t have a heightened ability t learn secnd languages. While adults may have sme advantages when studying in a frmal classrm， they usually d nt learn secnd languages. While adults may have sme advantages when studying in a frmal classrm, they usually d nt learn as quickly and easily as children. Are these different abilities a result f differences in hw adults and children are expsed t a new language? Are they the result f bilgical changes, r d bth bilgy and experience cme int play?
While ur understanding f language acquisitin is incmplete, this pursuit is well wrth the effrt. “We still dn’t understand hw a child learns its first language, why sme children have language disrders, r hw children and adults learn a secnd language,” explains Prfessr Jan Ma ling.
Explaining the prcess f language acquisitin prmises nt nly t help scientists answer these questins, but als t explain fundamental features f learning and the human brain.
32. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. The cntrl f nurture ver nature in language acquisitin.
B. The influence f universal grammar in language acquisitin.
C. The best methds fr children and adults t acquire language.
D. The rle f bilgical and envirnmental factrs in language acquisitin.
33. What is cvered in the secnd part f this article?
A. Studying language acquisitin will help understand language and the brain better.
B. Sme experts believe innate factrs explain children’s language develpment.
C. Sme experts fcus n the rle f envirnmental factrs in language acquisitin.
D. Acquiring a language is cmplicated, and it invlves bth nature and nurture.
34. What can we knw abut what the authr wants frm the 2 and 3 paragraph?
A. Present a general argument and then explain a specific thery.
B. Present a specific thery and then prpse a new study t prve it.
C. Present a general argument and then disprve an ppsite argument.
D. Present a scientific debate and then discuss what all linguists agree n.
35. What is the authr’s purpse f writing Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6?
A. T raise pen questins that all linguists have.
B. T present tw different viewpints n language learning.
C. T stress the imprtance f experience in language learning.
D. T intrduce adult language acquisitin and shw why it’s unppular.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了生物和环境因素在语言习得过程中的作用。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Mst linguistic (语言学的) researchers agree that bth nature and nurture (后天) are invlved in language acquisitin. They disagree, hwever, abut hw much linguistic knwledge children have frm birth — and thus whether genetics r experience is mre imprtant in language acquisitin.(大多数语言学研究者一致认为，先天和后天都与语言习得有关。然而，对于儿童从出生时就拥有多少语言知识，以及基因和经验在语言习得中哪个更重要，他们意见不一)”及全文可知，文章主要讨论了生物和环境因素在语言习得过程中的作用。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fr many linguists, bilgical factrs are the mst imprtant in language learning. Sme argue that sme linguistic knwledge must exist in ur brains frm birth because children cannt pssibly experience every feature f their language befre the age f five.(对于许多语言学家来说，生物因素在语言学习中是最重要的。一些人认为，某些语言知识一定从出生起就存在于我们的大脑中，因为儿童在五岁之前不可能体验到他们语言的每一个特征)”可知，一些专家认为，先天因素可以解释儿童的语言发展。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fr many linguists, bilgical factrs are the mst imprtant in language learning.(对于许多语言学家来说，生物因素在语言学习中是最重要的)”和第三段中“Many researchers have therized what this innate (先天的) linguistic knwledge must lk like. One ppular thery (理论) is universal grammar.(许多研究人员已经对这种先天的语言知识进行了理论化。一个流行的理论是普遍语法)”可知，第二段提出一个一般的论点，然后第三段解释一个具体的理论，故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段和第六段，特别是第五段中“Linguists n bth sides f the debate are still wrking t explain the different language learning abilities f adults and children.(争论双方的语言学家仍在努力解释成人和儿童不同的语言学习能力。)”可推断，作者写第五段和第六段的目的是提出两种不同的语言学习观点。故选B。
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Beating Burnut and Cmpassin Fatigue in the New Year
This year has cntinued t bring many f us clser t the pain, suffering and exhaustin f thse experiencing burnut and cmpassin fatigue (疲倦). There is n dubt that 2021 has been filled with additinal challenges. ___36___
The data is clearly shwing that ur wrkfrce shares feelings f burnut. A recent Gallup reprt indicated that 67% f us feel burned ut either sme r mst f the time. At an rganizatinal level, Hgan reprts that burned ut emplyees are 18% less prductive and 2.6 times mre likely t be actively seeking a different jb.
Fatigue and burnut arise nt when we fail t get sufficient rest but when we fail t appreciate the mments f purpse and jy in ur lives.
There are a few myths arund burnut and cmpassin fatigue:
Myth 1: Burnut is an individual's prblem.
Many peple believe that burnut is abut an individual wh needs t “figure it ut”. ___37___ Team structure ffers critical supprt and leaders shuld create envirnment where team burnut is addressed.
Myth 2: ___38___
Surprisingly, the individuals mst likely t experience burnut are cmmitted emplyees and leaders wh lve their jb and are highly engaged. These tp perfrmers are the peple yu are mst likely t lse.
Myth 3: Peple wh experience burnut are just less resilient.
Research shws a crrelatin between higher levels f resilience (复原力) and lwer levels f burnut. ___39___ But resilience lks very different nw frm five years ag, and my guess is that it will cntinue t shift.
If 2021 has taught us anything, it is that we cannt separate burnut frm ur emtins, whether they may be fear, anger, shame r guilt. ___40___
A. While fatigue is mre sudden and results frm carrying the pain and suffering f thers, what we experience is similar.
B. Burnut results frm lack f respnsibility.
C. Burnut hurts individuals' enthusiasm and passin.
D. At this pint, burnut and cmpassin fatigue has expanded int many aspects f ur lives.
E. But burnut ccurs at different levels and is the result frm challenges t individuals, teams and rganizatins.
F. At ne pint, peple believed resilience was established by “sucking it up”, r “just staying psitive”.
G. And the path frward requires us t deepen the relatinship with feelings f jy, passin, pride and fulfillment.
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. B 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了倦怠和同情疲劳以及与之相关的的几个误区。
【36题详解】
根据第二段“The data is clearly shwing that ur wrkfrce shares feelings f burnut.( 数据清楚地表明，我们的员工都有精疲力竭的感觉。)”以及第三段“Fatigue and burnut arise nt when we fail t get sufficient rest but when we fail t appreciate the mments f purpse and jy in ur lives.(疲劳和倦怠并非在我们没有得到足够的休息时，而是在我们生活中没有目标和不能享受生活总的快乐的时刻时产生的。)”可知，第二段及第三段分别论述了疲劳和倦怠分别在工作和其他方面产生了一定的影响。所以首段会总结以总结概括的形式进行论点的提出。选项D“At this pint, burnut and cmpassin fatigue has expanded int many aspects f ur lives.( 在这一点上，倦怠和同情疲劳已经扩展到我们生活的许多方面。)”概括了倦怠和同情疲劳在生活中产生影响。符合语义。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据第五段“Many peple believe that burnut is abut an individual wh needs t “figure it ut”.(许多人认为，职业倦怠个体的问题，需要自己解决)”以及下句“Team structure ffers critical supprt and leaders shuld create envirnment where team burnut is addressed. (团队结构提供了关键的支持，领导者应该创造解决团队倦怠的环境。)”可知，此处是承上启下的过渡句，过渡句是衔接了上句的“individual以及下句的leader和team”，选项E“But burnut ccurs at different levels and is the result frm challenges t individuals, teams and rganizatins.( 但是，职业倦怠会在不同的层次上发生，它是个体、团队和组织面临挑战的结果)”符合语义，故选E。
【38题详解】
根据第六段“Surprisingly, the individuals mst likely t experience burnut are cmmitted emplyees and leaders wh lve their jb and are highly engaged. (令人惊讶的是，最有可能经历倦怠的人是忠诚的员工和领导者，他们热爱自己的工作，高度投入。)”可知，本段关于职业倦怠的误解是与员工的工作热情及对工作的投入有关，即这些人对工作的负责任的态度。选项B“Burnut results frm lack f respnsibility.(工作倦怠源于缺乏责任感)”符合语义，故选B。
【39题详解】
根据上句“Research shws a crrelatin between higher levels f resilience (复原力) and lwer levels f burnut.(研究表明较高的复原力与低水平的倦怠有相关性)”，以及下句“But resilience lks very different nw frm five years ag, and my guess is that it will cntinue t shift.( 但如今的韧性与五年前相比已大不相同，我猜它将继续转变。)”通过转折表明复原力发生变化，那么与之相关的倦怠也会相应变化，结合本段标题“Peple wh experience burnut are just less resilient.( 经历过职业倦怠的人韧性较差。)”可知设空处论述职业倦怠与韧性的误解。选项F“At ne pint, peple believed resilience was established by "sucking it up", r “just staying psitive"(人们一度认为，韧性是通过“忍受”或“保持积极”建立起来的。)”符合语义，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据上句“If 2021 has taught us anything, it is that we cannt separate burnut frm ur emtins, whether they may be fear, anger, shame r guilt.( 如果说2021年教会了我们什么，那就是我们不能将倦怠与我们的情绪分开，无论是恐惧、愤怒、羞耻还是内疚。)”可知，过往的经历教会了我们倦怠与我们的恐惧，愤怒，羞耻，内疚等消极情绪紧密相关，那未来的日子，作者会鼓励我们建立积极的情绪，以此面对倦怠。选项G“And the path frward requires us t deepen the relatinship with feelings f jy, passin, pride and fulfillment.(前进的道路要求我们加深与喜悦、激情、自豪和成就感的关系。)”符合语义，故选G。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
One day I came hme, frustrated. I asked my mm t n lnger put Middle Eastern ____41____in my lunch.
She and my father became quiet. My father ____42____ his crsswrd puzzle and my mther, thrugh questining, gt me t ____43____ that the ther students gave me a very difficult time when I pulled ut fd that didn’t lk like everybdy else’s. S I asked, ―Frm nw n, culd we d peanut butter and jelly n Wnder Bread and an apple?
And then my brther and sister walked in and said they’d like the same because they were ____44____ it as well.
My father’s family was frm Syria; my mm’s frm Palestine. We had ____45____ that weren’t exactly in agreement with ur schlmates; we had fd that was ____46____; we had hliday custms that were nt the same as everybdy else. Smetimes we culd ____47____ut.
My mther didn’t say t much when I brught up the lunch ____48____. But abut a week later the teacher ____49____ that we shuld nt bring lunches the fllwing day, nr shuld we bring lunch _____50_____ fr the cafeteria, that we were ging t have sme srt f a _____51_____ fd event.
The next day at lunch, in _____52_____ my mther with bxes f Middle Eastern fd. The teacher _____53_____ her. ―This is Mrs. Nimen. This is Tm’s mm.
She pulled ut tabbuleh, hummus, babaghanush, and her hmemade bread. She had baked bread fr the _____54_____ class t take hme.
Nw, I wuld like t tell yu that this _____55_____ sme f the lw-grade racial issues we faced. And she, if I think abut it nw, is a very early pineer f diversity, in a very smart way, using Middle Eastern hspitality.
41. A. meatB. rastC. fdD. bacn
42. A. finishedB. drppedC. raisedD. slved
43. A. revealB. cnfirmC. advcateD. deny
44. A. digging thrughB. ding withC. ging thrughD. cnnecting with
45. A. expressinsB. husesC. lksD. friends
46. A. preservedB. differentC. tastyD. prcessed
47. A. stickB. figureC. makeD. reach
48. A. bxB. traditinC. recipeD. issue
49. A. annuncedB. lecturedC. reprtedD. claimed
50. A. equipmentB. hurC. breakD. mney
51. A. delicateB. nutritiusC. bitterD. special
52. A. cameB. engagedC. brkeD. went
53. A. greetedB. intrducedC. supprtedD. tld
54. A. briefB. specificC. entireD. private
55. A. interruptedB. endedC. cncludedD. raised
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. D 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为带到学校作为午餐的食物与其他同学的不同而遭遇歧视，但是作者的母亲以友好而智慧的方式改变了这一局面。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我让我妈妈不要再在我的午餐里放中东食物。A. meat肉；B. rast烤；C. fd食物；D. bacn培根。根据“when I pulled ut fd that didn’t lk like everybdy else’s.(当我拿出跟别人不一样的食物时)”可知，这里作者是因为午餐食物不受欢迎，所以不想让妈妈放食物。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲放下了手里的填字游戏，母亲经过一番询问我，问出了缘由，我跟她说，当我拿出和别人不一样的食物时，其他学生的反应让我很难受。A. finished完成；B. drpped下降；C. raised提高；D. slved解决。根据上文“She and my father became quiet.(爸爸妈妈立即安静下来)”可知，此处爸妈听到作者的话，显得吃惊，所以会停下手里的事情，开始询问。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲放下了手里的填字游戏，母亲经过一番询问我，问出了缘由，我跟她说，当我拿出和别人不一样的食物时，其他学生的反应让我很难受。A. reveal揭示；B. cnfirm确认；C. advcate提倡；D. deny否认。根据上文“thrugh questining(经过一番询问)”可知，妈妈问我缘由，所以我会说出真相，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我哥哥和姐姐走进来，说他们也不想让妈妈放中东食物了，因为他们经历了同样的事。A. digging thrugh挖掘；B. ding with处理；C. ging thrugh经历；D. cnnecting with结合。根据“they’d like the same(他们也不想让妈妈放中东食物了)”可知，在学校里我，哥哥，姐姐都因为午餐食物受到了同样的困扰，所以才不让妈妈放了，所以是他们经历的遭遇。故选C。
45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的长相与同学们不太一样。A. expressins表达；B. huses房屋；C. lks相貌；D. friends朋友。根据上文“My father’s family was frm Syria; my mm’s frm Palestine.(爸爸来自利比亚，妈妈来自巴勒斯坦)”可知，因为一家人不是本土美国人，因此我们的外貌不同于大多数同学。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们吃的食物不同。A. preserved保留的；B. different不同的；C. tasty美味的；D. prcessed处理的。根据上文“My father’s family was frm Syria; my mm’s frm Palestine.(爸爸来自利比亚，妈妈来自巴勒斯坦)”可知，由于我们来自不同的民族，因此饮食文化会不一样，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我们站在人群中特别显眼。A. stick刺；B. figure弄清楚；C. make使得；D. reach到达。根据上文“My father’s family was frm Syria; my mm’s frm Palestine.(爸爸来自利比亚，妈妈来自巴勒斯坦)”可知，我们来自中东地区，因此着装打扮，饮食文化与周围人有着显著不同，因此会显得与别人与众不同。短语“stick ut”意为“醒目，显眼”，故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我提出午餐的问题时，我母亲没有说太多。A. bx盒子；B. traditin传统；C. recipe配方；D. issue问题。根据上文“the ther students gave me a very difficult time when I pulled ut fd that didn’t lk like everybdy else’s.(当我拿出与别人不一样的食物时，同学的反应让我很难受)”可知，因为食物原因，同学们的反应对我构成困扰，因此这对我来说是一个难堪的问题。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但大约一个星期后，老师宣布第二天我们不用带午餐，也不用带去食堂吃饭的饭钱，我们将举行一个特殊的午餐活动。A. annunced宣布；B. lectured作报告；C. reprted报道；D. claimed声称。根据下文“we shuld nt bring lunches the fllwing day(我们明天不用带午餐来)”可知，老师在宣布告知我们明天的安排。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但大约一个星期后，老师宣布第二天我们不用带午餐，也不用带去食堂吃饭的饭钱，我们将举行一个特殊的午餐活动。A. equipment设备；B. hur荣誉；C. break休息；D. mney钱。根据上文“we shuld nt bring lunches the fllwing day(我们明天不用带午餐来)”可知，按照常理，如果不带做好的午餐，那么就要在午餐时付钱购买，因此这里指买饭的钱。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但大约一个星期后，老师宣布第二天我们不用带午餐，也不用带去食堂吃饭的饭钱，我们将举行一个特殊的午餐活动。A. delicate精致的；B. nutritius营养的；C. bitter痛苦的；D. special特殊的。根据下文“with bxes f Middle Eastern fd.(带着一些中东食物)”可知，这次的午饭形式与往常是不一样的，是特殊的午餐内容和形式。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天吃午饭的时候，我母亲带着几盒中东食物进来了。A. came来；B. engaged订婚；C. brke打破；D. went走。根据句子结构分析可知，此处是倒装句，“came in”意为“走进来”，表示妈妈走进教室，带着一些中东食物。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师向大家介绍了她。这是尼曼太太，也是汤姆的妈妈。A. greeted欢迎；B. intrduced介绍；C. supprted支持；D. tld告诉。根据下文“This is Mrs. Nimen. This is Tm’s mm(这是尼曼太太，是Tm的妈妈)”可知，这里是老师在向同学们介绍妈妈，故选B。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她烤了面包给全班同学带回家。A. brief简短的；B. specific具体的；C. entire全部的；D. private私人的。根据上文“we shuld nt bring lunches the fllwing day(我们明天不用自带午餐)”可知，这里老师让全班同学不带午饭，说明这里妈妈带来的食物是要分享给全班同学。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我想说的是，这一举动终结了我们面临的一些低级种族问题。A. interrupted打断；B. ended终结；C. cncluded总结；D. raised提高。根据下文“And she, if I think abut it nw, is a very early pineer f diversity, in a very smart way, using Middle Eastern hspitality.(如果现在想想，我觉得妈妈她一个开明的人，以一种非常睿智的方式，利用了中东的好客的特点帮我化解了这种无形的种族歧视)”可知，妈妈的行为最终终结了因为午餐问题引起的种族歧视问题 。故选B。
第II卷（55分）
第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mre than 300 participants ____56____ were frm internatinal rganizatins, research institutes, universities and enterprises came tgether at the 6th Internatinal Agricultural Research Cnference in Beijing n December 15,2022 t exchange ideas n hw t make a ____57____ (cntribute) t glbal fd security, calling fr mre internatinal cperatin in agriculture.
Themed “strengthening agricultural science and technlgy cperatin t jintly prmte glbal fd security,” the cnference was hsted by the Center fr Internatinal Agricultural Research (CIAR) and the Department f Internatinal Cperatin f the Chinese Academy f Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), ____58____ (adpt) the frm f virtual lectures and nline bradcast.
Wu Kngming, president f CAAS, said that CAAS remains cmmitted t prviding Chinese ____59____ (slutin) and wisdm t help address glbal challenges such as fd security, pverty reductin and green develpment, and t d s thrugh multilateral and bilateral internatinal cperatin mechanisms.
Accrding t Carls Watsn, the Fd and Agriculture Organizatin f the United Natins (FAO) Representative in China, the cnference ffered ____60____ great and timely pprtunity t facilitate(使便利)cnstructive discussin n internatinal jint actins cncerning glbal agricultural develpment and fd security, ____61____ the face f challenges psed by the pandemic and climate change.
“Given China’s ____62____ (success) experience in the eradicatin(消除)f extreme pverty, digital innvatins, and agricultural and rural develpment, China is ____63____ (unique) psitined t share its innvatin experience, innvative technlgies, and best practices with the rest f the wrld,” he said.
During the cnference, experts discussed the current situatin and future prspects f internatinal cperatin in agricultural science and technlgy. They als discussed the plicy envirnment, market envirnment, investment mdel and service demand fr verseas agricultural investment, as well as strategies and measures ____64____ (ensure) glbal fd security.
The Internatinal Agricultural Research Cnference ____65____ (hld) fr six cnsecutive(连续的)years since 2017.
【答案】56. wh##that
57. cntributin
58. adpting
59. slutins
60. a 61. in
62. successful
63. uniquely
64. t ensure
65. has been held
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章介绍了来自国际组织、研究机构、大学和企业的300多名代表齐聚北京就如何为全球粮食安全做出贡献交换意见，呼吁加强农业领域的国际合作的会议。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2022年12月15日，来自国际组织、研究机构、大学和企业的300多名代表齐聚北京，就如何为全球粮食安全做出贡献交换意见，呼吁加强农业领域的国际合作。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词participants。先行词在从句中作主语，指人，因此可使用关系代词wh/that，故填wh/that。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：2022年12月15日，来自国际组织、研究机构、大学和企业的300多名代表齐聚北京，就如何为全球粮食安全做出贡献交换意见，呼吁加强农业领域的国际合作。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用名词作make的宾语，故填cntributin。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：会议以“加强农业科技合作，共同促进全球粮食安全”为主题，由中国农业科学院国际农业研究中心和中国农业科学院国际合作部主办，采用虚拟讲座和网络直播形式。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用非谓语动词作状语，主语the cnference与adpt是主动关系，与谓语同时发生，因此需使用现在分词形式，故填adpting。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国农科院院长吴孔明表示，中国农科院将继续致力于为应对全球性挑战提供中国方案和智慧。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用名词作prviding的宾语，即slutin。结合句意可知，此处表达提供很多的解决方案，因此需要使用复数形式，故填slutins。
【60题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：联合国粮食及农业组织驻华代表卡洛斯·沃森表示，面对疫情和气候变化带来的挑战，这次会议为促进就全球农业发展和粮食安全的国际联合行动进行建设性讨论提供了绝佳和及时的机会。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用不定冠词a修饰名词pprtunity，表示泛指。great首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)驻华代表卡洛斯·沃森表示，面对疫情和气候变化带来的挑战，这次会议为促进就全球农业发展和粮食安全的国际联合行动进行建设性讨论提供了绝佳和及时的机会。“in the face f challenges”表示“面对……的挑战”可知此处需要使用介词in。故填in。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他说:“鉴于中国在消除极端贫困、数字创新以及农业和农村发展方面的成功经验，中国在与世界其他国家分享其创新经验、创新技术和最佳实践方面具有独特的地位。”根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰名词experience，故填successful。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：他说:“鉴于中国在消除极端贫困、数字创新以及农业和农村发展方面的成功经验，中国在与世界其他国家分享其创新经验、创新技术和最佳实践方面具有独特的地位。”根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用副词修饰动词is psitined。故填uniquely。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还讨论了海外农业投资的政策环境、市场环境、投资模式和服务需求，以及确保全球粮食安全的战略和措施。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用非谓语动词作目的状语，表达“为了确保……”，主语they与ensure是主动关系，因此需要使用不定式的主动形式，故填t ensure。
【65题详解】
考查现在完成时，被动语态。句意：国际农业研究大会自2017年起已连续举办6届。根据句中时间状语“since 2017（自从2017年）”可知，此处表达动作自2017年一直持续大现在，且主语“The Internatinal Agricultural Research Cnference（际农业研究大会）”与hld是被动关系，因此需要使用现在完成时的被动语态，故填has been held。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 假如你是李华，你校将要举办一场以“The Pwer f a Rle Mdel”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请结合一位对你有影响的中国杰出人物，写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1.你对“榜样”的理解；
2.该人物对你的影响。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Gd mrning, everyne!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu fr yur listening.
【答案】Gd mrning, everyne!
In my pinin, a rle mdel is smene r smething wrth learning frm and smene r smething wh inspires and guides thers.
The mst influential rle mdel fr me is Quan Hng Chan, wh is a 14-year-ld girl. She began t receive diving training in 2014, and wn the gld medal in the 10-meter platfrm cmpetitin n August 5, 2021. It is her hard training that makes her s successful. She als has a strng will.
I think I shuld learn frm her. She never gives up hwever hard the life is. And at the same time, she is als filial. Thrugh her hard wrk and effrt, she lks after her mther well.
Thank yu fr yur listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生结合一位对你有影响的中国杰出人物，写一篇演讲稿参加你校将要举办的一场以“The Pwer f a Rle Mdel”为主题的英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
指导：guide→direct
无论多么：hwever→n matter hw
同时：at the same time→in the meantime
照顾：lk after→take care f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my pinin, a rle mdel is smene r smething wrth learning frm and smene r smething wh inspires and guides thers.
拓展句：I hld the belief that a rle mdel is smene r smething wrth learning frm and smene r smething wh inspires and guides thers.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In my pinin, a rle mdel is smene r smething wrth learning frm and smene r smething wh inspires and guides thers. (运用了wh引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The mst influential rle mdel fr me is Quan Hng Chan, wh is a 14-year-ld girl. (运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“I’ll bet Anjali knws. Right, Anjali? Why dn’t yu shw us since yu’re the star student,” Deepak taunted (奚落).
Anjali was cnfused. She wasn’t trying t shw ff. She was just playing tabla (印度塔不拉鼓), like everyne else. And why was Deepak being s mean lately? Is it because tabla is a by’s thing? She didn’t care that peple thught it was a bys’ instrument. Anjali knew there was n such thing. She danced her fingers acrss the tabla t perfrm the cmpsitin in cnfusin. “Ugh!” Anjali heard smene gran, and she stpped playing.
“I guess I dn’t knw it that well after all,” Anjali said sheepishly t the teacher, Mr. Zakir. Her stmach was ding flip-flps. That wasn’t true. Nt even a little. Mr. Zakir’s eyes narrwed. He lked like he was abut t say smething, but changed his mind. “The recital (演奏会) is next week, everyne. Keep practicing. I will be annuncing wh will get t perfrm nstage with me at my next cncert!” Anjali had dreamed f a mment like that. She wanted t win the pprtunity, but she needed t srt things straight with Deepak first.
As the class was dismissed, Anjali hurried ver t Deepak. When she finally made eye cntact with him, he purpsely lked away and walked ff. The next day at schl, Anjali verheard Deepak whispering t Mary. “Peple are nly interested because she’s the nly girl in tabla class and they want her t feel special. She’s nt that gd—” Anjali was furius. She excused herself and went t the bathrm. She tk sme deep breaths but culdn’t relax. Her heart was punding:
“It’s nt my fault that peple make a big deal abut a girl playing tabla. I make mistakes t, but I wrk really hard. Maybe he shuld t. He shuld be less mean and practice mre.”
“If I play in this cncert, n ne will talk t me again. He will turn everyne against me.”
“I dn’t want t see a tabla r hear a tabla r play a tabla EVER AGAIN!!” Anjali yelled at the mirrr. It was quiet fr a mment. She believed it was ne f her darkest days ever.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Stepping ut f the bathrm, Anjali saw sme inspiring psters n the wall.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the recital, Deepak walked up t Anjali.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One Pssible Versin
Paragraph 1:
Stepping ut f the bathrm, Anjali saw sme inspiring psters n the wall. One f them illustrated with several instruments and a qute “Never dim yur light.” Fr that very mment, Anjali thught abut hw she was mesmerized the first time she saw smene playing tabla, by the beautiful sunds he was creating with his hands. She knew that tabla was meant fr her. When the day f the recital finally arrived, Anjali was determined t d her very best, regardless f the utcme. She was nt ging t let anyne make her feel bad, whether it was fr being gd at smething r fr being a girl. And as expected, she delivered a flawless perfrmance.
Paragraph 2:
After the recital, Deepak walked up t Anjali. “Very impressive.” He remarked awkwardly that he was just jealus because tabla shuld be a by’s instrument. Anjali shrugged, “Yu knw there is n such thing.” As Anjali tk ne last lk at the stage, she felt such a relief. Under the sptlight was the set f tabla, glittering n the stage just as she did a few minutes earlier. Amng cuntless cmpliments and cngratulatins frm the audience, Anjali heard a little sweet vice, “Brav, Anjali!!” She turned t find a little girl lking up at her. “I didn’t knw girls culd play tabla,” she said. “Girls can d everything bys d,” Anjali beamed, “Never dim yur light”.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Anjali是印度塔不拉鼓班上唯一的女生，虽然她很努力，但是她受到了Deepak的奚落，Anjali告诉老师Mr. Zakir自己不是很会塔不拉鼓，Mr. Zakir通知下周会有独奏会，叫同学们继续练习，Anjali一直梦想着这样的时刻，她想赢得这个机会，但她需要先和Deepak把事情理清楚，她偶然听到了Deepak和玛丽的窃窃私语，他们认为人们对Anjali感兴趣只是因为Anjali是手鼓课上唯一的女孩，Anjali觉得如果自己在这场音乐会上演奏，就没有人会再和自己说话了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“走出浴室，Anjali看到墙上一些鼓舞人心的海报。”可知，第一段可描写Anjali看到海报后的一些想法以及她参加了音乐会。
②由第二段首句内容“演奏会结束后，Deepak走向Anjali。”可知，第二段可描写Deepak向Anjali道歉以及Anjali的事情对其他人的鼓舞。
2.续写线索：想起第一次听到塔不拉鼓的情形——决定尽力——表演很完美——Deepak道歉——Anjali如释重负——一个小女孩受到鼓舞
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想起：think abut/think f
②决定：be determined t d/decide t d
③评述：remark/cmment
情绪类
①尴尬：awkwardly/embarrassedly
②笑：beam/grin
【点睛】[高分句型1] Fr that very mment, Anjali thught abut hw she was mesmerized the first time she saw smene playing tabla, by the beautiful sunds he was creating with his hands. (由hw引导的宾语从句，the first time引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] He remarked awkwardly that he was just jealus because tabla shuld be a by’s instrument.(由that引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
考生须知：
1．本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）。满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。
2．请用黑色签字笔将学校、班级、姓名、考号分别填写在答题卷和机读卡的相应位置上。
第I卷（95分）
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des Jim prbably d?
A. A hst.B. A businessman.C. A musician.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: S Jim, yu’ve achieved huge success in the music business. Hw did this happen?
M: Yu see a ppular talent shw hst saw my vide nline, lved it and his thusands f fllwers then watched it. S that helped.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A film.B. A trip.C. A pht.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: The cuntryside was wnderful. I like the fresh mrning air.
M: Yeah, as fr the village we went t yesterday, there was s much fg arund. I think it was a gd place fr an adventure film.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the wman ask the man t d?
A. Bring a gift.B. Return smething.C. Have dinner.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s really nice f yu t ck fr me t night.
W: I’m glad t d it. Yu’ve been s helpful and it’s nly fair that I return the favr. I hpe yu’ve brught yur appetite.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When did the man get his niece’s call?
A. At 5:30.B. At 6:00.C. At 6:20.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Surely I have t meet my niece at the railway statin at six twenty. She called me half an hur ag. I just had an emergency meeting.
W: Oh, it’s six ’clck nw. Twenty minutes t g.
M: That is enugh.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where des the man mst likely live?
A. In Canada.B. In New Yrk.C. In Califrnia.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: My wife and I are planning n driving frm Califrnia t Canada fr a few weeks.
M: That’s exciting. My husband and I tk a car trip frm New Yrk t Canada a few years ag. It was a lt f fun.
第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What’s the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Waiter and custmer.
B. Prfessr and student.
C. Taxi driver and passenger.
7. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She studied Drama in the U. K.
B. She has the same accent as the man.
C She is a turist.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Where t Miss?
W: The museum f natural histry please? And culd yu stp by sme fast fd restaurant n the way? I’d like t buy sme takeut.
M: Sure thing. A turist, I guess.
W: N, I was brn here. Why?
M: Well, yu dn’t have ur accent.
W: Oh, that is prbably because I’ve spent my last five years in Britain. I studied drama at the university f Winchester. There yu see.
M: OK, welcme back t the big Apple.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Why des the wman think July is the best time t mve?
A. Their business is slw.
B. The weather is favrable.
C. It’s easy t hire peple.
9. Hw will they handle the mving?
A. Finish it all at nce.
B. Have the sales sectin g first.
C. D ne department at a time.
【答案】8. A 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: We need t decide exactly when we’re ging t mve. Any suggestins?
W: I think July wuld be the best time. Our sales are always dwn that mnth. We culd mve all the ffice equipment at a week end, d everything at nce.
M: I think a week ends’ t shrt. Maybe we shuld d it department by department.
W: What d yu mean?
M: Well, each week a different department wuld mve that way. There wuld always be peple here t handle custmer inquiries, phne calls and s n.
W: Hmm, That’s a gd idea.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What is the nly prblem f Fitzgerald’s new film accrding t the man?
A. It is uninteresting.
B. It lacks musical perfrmances.
C. It’s nly aimed at ne age grup.
11. What instrument des Fitzgerald like best?
A. The vilin.B. The pian.C. The guitar.
12. Why d many imprtant peple dislike Fitzgerald?
A. He desn’t respect ther peple.
B. He changes his mind quite ften.
C. He expresses his views directly.
13. What des the man think f Fitzgerald’s persnality?
A. Attractive.B. Warm-hearted.C. Outging.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: I think the new film that Fitzgerald directed is quite gd. The nly prblem is that it’s aimed at teenagers nly. It hlds n interest fr any ther age grup.
W: I like the great musical perfrmances in Fitzgerald’s film. He’s als a gifted vilinist and guitarist, isn’t he?
M: Well, I never see him play the vilin r the guitar. As far as I knw, the pian is the nly instrument he likes.
W: I’ve heard that quite a few imprtant peple dislike him. D yu knw anything abut this?
M: Well, Fitzgerald’s expressed his pinins directly and that smetimes makes thse imprtant peple annyed. Yu see, he has his wn ideas abut life and he desn’t simply take n ther peple’s because they are famus. Indeed, it is this very aspect f his persnality that I find mst attractive. I think the nly persn he admires and respects is Freddie Taylr.
W: That they have different persnalities. Freddie has a warm heart and he is easy t get alng with.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What des Sally value mst abut after-schl activities?
A. Learning new skills.B. Opening up new hrizns.C. Helping get higher grades at schl.
15. What des Jasn benefit frm ding vluntary wrk?
A. He’s develped his interest.
B. He is emplyed by a law firm.
C. He’s gt experience fr his future career.
16. Why des Sally g t the schl sprts center?
A. T make friends.B. T rganize games.C. T pass the time.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jasn, d yu like participating in after schl activities? I think they can benefit us in different ways.
M: Yu’re right, Sally, I nce read a reprt. It shwed that taking part in after schl activities can help students get higher grades at schl. Als, such activities can teach us new skills.
W: Yu’ve gt a pint there. Well, bradening my hrizns is a tp pririty fr me. S what after schl activity d yu g t nw?
M: I’m vlunteering at a law firm. I dream f becming a lawyer and have learned sme skills by wrking there. I’m sure such experience can help make my dream cme true ne day. What abut yu?
W: I think participating in the same activity as smene else ften means yu have a shared interest that can make the participants easier t becme friends. I always g t the schl sprts center. I can meet many new peple wh lve playing sprts. We als rganize varius activities t prmte friendship.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Why des the wman g t see the man?
A. T tell him abut her wrk.
B. T ask fr a higher pay.
C. T infrm him f her new jb.
18. Hw is the business f the cmpany?
A. Wrse than befre.B. As gd as befre.C. Better than befre.
19. Which f the fllwing is ne reasn fr the wman’s requirement?
A. Financial pressure.
B. The current ecnmic situatin.
C. Cntributin t the cmpany.
20. What des the wman think f the man’s ffer?
A. Satisfactry.B. Disappinting.C. Just s-s.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me, sir, may I talk t yu?
M: Sure, cme n in. What can I d fr yu?
W: Well, sir, as yu knw, I have been an emplyee f this famus firm fr ver ten years.
M: Yes.
W: I wn’t beat arund the Bush, sir. I wuld like a raise. I currently have three cmpanies after me and s I decided t talk t yu first.
M: A raise? I wuld lve t give yu a raise, but this is just nt the right time.
W: I understand yur psitin and I knw that the current ecnmic dwnturn has had a negative impact n sale, but yu must als take int cnsideratin my hard wrk perfrmance and lyalty t this cmpany fr ver a decade.
M: Taking int accunt these factrs, and cnsidering I dn’t want t start lsing qualified persns, I’m willing t ffer yu a ten per cent raise and an extra five days f vacatin time. Hw des that sund?
W: Great, it’s a deal. Thank yu, sir.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节：（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Linda Hall Library is pen t the public free f charge during regular library hurs. There is n charge fr getting a library card. Patrns can request and use materials in the library, prvided the items are in gd physical cnditin.
T sign up fr a brrwing accunt, yu must be a resident f the Kansas City area. Yu have t prvide a current state r federal pht ID with a KC area street address.
A pht ID plus utility bill in yur name is needed if the current address differs frm that n the ID.
Patrns must shw their LHL library card r a pht ID at the time f check-ut.
Wh Can Brrw:
Individuals living within the Kansas City area as defined belw:
Missuri — Bates, Caldwell, Cass, Clay, Clintn, Jacksn, Jhnsn, Iafayette, Platte, Ray
Kansas —Duglas, Franklin, Jhnsn, Leavenwrth, L.inn, Miami, Wyandtte
Established businesses within the KC area. Cntact Reference Services at 8169268701 r reference@lindahall.rg fr mre infrmatin abut authrized brrwing fr businesses, r fill ut ur web applicatin.
Students faculty, and staff participating in Curtesy Card institutins. Cntact fr mre infrmatin abut the Curtesy Card Prgram.
If yu wish t brrw frm the Linda Hall Library but d nt meet the abve criteria, please cntact yur lcal library and request t brrw thrugh interlibrary lan frm Dcument Delivery Services.
Fr mre infrmatin n hw t request library materials, please see this guide n Making Requests in Prim. Yu may wish t register t attend an in-persn “Navigating Linda Hall Library” sessin.
21. What is a must fr brrwing materials frm the library?
A. A currently taken pht.B. A brrwing accunt.
C. A guarantee depsit.D. An authrized applicatin.
22. Which f the fllwing persns can brrw materials frm the library?
A. A student studying in a cllege.
B. An individual living in Washingtn.
C. A persn wrking a cmpany in the KC area.
D. A persn wrking fr Curtesy Card Prgram.
23. What shuld yu d if yu dn’t meet the criteria fr the library?
A. Fill ut an applicatin nline.
B. Turn t yur lcal library fr help.
C. Fllw the fficial guidance.
D. Brrw sme materials nline.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了琳达·霍尔图书馆办理免费借阅证的条件，以及具体措施。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“T sign up fr a brrwing accunt, yu must be a resident f the Kansas City area. Yu have t prvide a current state r federal pht ID with a KC area street address. (要注册一个借阅账户，你必须是堪萨斯城地区的居民。您必须提供带有 KC地区街道地址的当前州或联邦带照片的身份证件。)”以及“Patrns must shw their LHL library card r a pht ID at the time f check-ut.(读者在图书馆把书借出时必须出示LHL借书证或带照片的身份证件。)”可知，从图书馆借阅资料必须有借阅账户，借阅资料时必须出示LHL借书证或带照片的身份证件。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Wh Can Brrw:”下文中的“Established businesses within the KC area.(在KC内所建立的企业)”可知，在KC地区的公司工作的人可以从图书馆借书。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“If yu wish t brrw frm the Linda Hall Library but d nt meet the abve criteria, please cntact yur lcal library and request t brrw thrugh interlibrary lan frm Dcument Delivery Services.(如果您想从琳达·霍尔图书馆借阅但不符合上述标准，请联系您当地图书馆，并请求通过馆际互借从‘文献传递服务’借阅。)”可知，如果你不符合图书馆的标准，你可以向你当地的图书馆寻求帮助，通过“文献传递服务”申请馆际互借。故选B。
B
As a hckey parent, while watching my sn played frm Mite t Bantam, Huse League t Travel, I’ve learned that lsing may be best fr kids.
In his third seasn in 2019, my sn’s team never lst mre than three straight games. There was happiness, basting, celebratin, pizza. In shrt, it was a typically gd yuth hckey seasn. He imprved as a player, but did nt much change as a persn.
Hwever, what happened the next year added its stry t the legends f sprting incmpetence. Nt merely weak but prettily bad, this team lst 40 f their first 50 games, mst f the defeats cming in the curse f tw lsing streaks. Fr a time, I wrried that these streaks wuld kill my child’s lve f the game.
But that’s nt what happened. As bad as it gt, the lsing was clarifying. It weeded ut the kids wh were in it less fr the game than the glry, leaving just the die-hards behind. What started as a list f 17 f the team was cut dwn t 12. It was especially instructive fr the kids. It taught him a great truth f the wrld: Fr everyne gd, there is smene better.
What’s mre, the kids were learning the game in a way that nly lsing can teach. Each player gt t play everywhere, t learn and appreciate the rle f every psitin n the ice. They kept an eye n their ppnents t, studying and incrprating the tricks f success. In an effrt t break the streak, they went back t basics, accepted the wisdm f the hckey ancients: If playing like a team, they can defeat a cllectin f all-stars; If ding small and unappreciated tasks well, they can get the gal.
This new team had character and culd never be cunted ut, n matter the scre. They had learned the mst imprtant lessn: Yu can lse withut being beaten. They squeaked int the state turnament, then made it all the way t the final, where the winner was decided in vertime. When they lst that game and went int the handshake line, it was nt as runners-up but as a team that had been made int winners in the nly way that will stick — by lsing.
24. What des the authr think abut the sn’s team in the third seasn in 2019?
A. The team had a bad perfrmance.
B. The team didn’t live up t the authr’s expectatins.
C. The team played typically well and wn all the games.
D. The team didn’t have the spirit f facing failure.
25. What des the underlined wrd “clarify” refer t?
A. The lsing made the kids better understand hckey.
B. The lsing helped the kids learn a great truth f the wrld.
C. The lsing separated true player frm thse playing fr glry.
D. The lsing bsted the kids’ teamwrk.
26. Accrding t the authr, what have the sn’s team learned?
A. Fr everything big, there is smething bigger.
B. Hpe fr the best, but prepare fr the wrst.
C. Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
D. The hardest battle yu’re ging t fight is the battle t be just yu.
27. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Hw Kids Can Deal With LsingB. What Kids Can Learn Frm Lsing
C. Why Kids Can Benefit Frm LsingD. Hw Kids Can Get Over Frm Lsing
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打曲棍球，他们从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In his third seasn in 2019, my sn’s team never lst mre than three straight games. There was happiness, basting, celebratin, pizza. In shrt, it was a typically gd yuth hckey seasn. He imprved as a player, but did nt much change as a persn.(2019年是我儿子的第三个赛季，他所在的球队从未输过3场以上的比赛。有快乐，有吹嘘，有庆祝，有披萨。简而言之，这是一个典型的优秀青年曲棍球赛季。作为一名球员，他有了进步，但作为一个人，他并没有太大的变化)”可知，2019年的第三个赛季，作者儿子的球队非常优秀，虽然失败过，但是还是很开心，并没有真正体会到失败带给他们的影响。由此推知，作者认为儿子的球队缺乏面对失败的精神。故选D。
【25题详解】
指代猜测题。根据划线单词下文“It weeded ut the kids wh were in it less fr the game than the glry, leaving just the die-hards behind.(它淘汰了那些不是为了比赛，而是为了荣誉的孩子，只留下了顽固分子)”可知，虽然孩子的球队比赛失败，但是失败让一切变得很明朗，因为这淘汰了那些不是为了比赛，而是为了荣誉的孩子，只留下了顽固分子。由此可推知，划线单词clarify代指下文内容，即失败将真正的球员和为荣誉而战的球员分开了。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They had learned the mst imprtant lessn: Yu can lse withut being beaten. They squeaked int the state turnament, then made it all the way t the final, where the winner was decided in vertime. When they lst that game and went int the handshake line, it was nt as runners-up but as a team that had been made int winners in the nly way that will stick — by lsing.(他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输但不被打败。他们勉强进入州锦标赛，然后一路进入决赛，在加时赛中决出冠军。当他们输掉比赛，进入握手的行列时，他们并不是作为亚军，而是作为一支以唯一的方式——失败——成为赢家的球队)”可知，作者儿子的团队虽然失败了，但他们不断进步，不断面对更大的挑战，成为更好的自己。由此可推知，作者认为，孩子们学到的教训是：对于强大的挑战，要不断进步，因为总有更大挑战在等着你。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“I’ve learned that lsing may be best fr kids.(我明白了输球对孩子来说可能是最好的)”和最后一段中的“They had learned the mst imprtant lessn: Yu can lse withut being beaten. They squeaked int the state turnament, then made it all the way t the final, where the winner was decided in vertime. When they lst that game and went int the handshake line, it was nt as runners-up but as a team that had been made int winners in the nly way that will stick — by lsing.(他们学到了最重要的一课：你可以输但不被打败。他们勉强进入州锦标赛，然后一路进入决赛，在加时赛中决出冠军。当他们输掉比赛，进入握手的行列时，他们并不是作为亚军，而是作为一支以唯一的方式——失败——成为赢家的球队)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者的孩子和其队友打曲棍球，他们从不断的失败中学到了一些教训。由此可知，B选项“What Kids Can Learn Frm Lsing(孩子们能从失败中学到什么)”适合作文章最佳标题。故选B。
C
In the late 1970s, archaelgists (考古学家) uncvered the remains f a wman and a yung dg, her hand resting n the puppy’s chest in a 12,000-year-ld village.
The find is sme f the earliest evidence f the bnd between humans and dgs. But even after years f study researchers are divided n hw this bnd began. Did it arise ver thusands f years, as early dgs became tamer (驯服的) and mre accustmed t human behavirs? Or was this fire already burning in the ancestrs f dgs: the gray wlf?
Christina Hansen Wheat, a behaviral eclgist at Stckhlm University, and wrkmates hand-raised 10 gray wlves frm the time they were 10 days ld. When the animals were 23 weeks ld, a caregiver led them ne at a time int a mstly empty rm. Over the curse f several minutes, the caregiver exited and entered the rm, smetimes leaving the wlf alne, smetimes leaving it with a cmplete stranger. The team repeated the experiment with 12 23-week-ld Alaskan huskies (哈士奇), which they’d raised similarly since puppyhd.
Fr the mst part, the scientists saw few differences between the wlves and the dgs. When their caregiver entered the rm, bth species scred 4.6 n a five-pint scale f “greeting behavir”—a desire t be arund the human. When the stranger entered, dg greeting behavir drpped t 4.2 and wlf t 3.5, n average, suggesting bth animals made a distinctin between the persn they knew and the ne they didn’t. It’s this distinctin that the team cunts as a sign f attachment.
In additin, dgs barely paced—a sign f stress—during the test, while wlves paced at least part f the time. Hwever, the wlves stpped pacing almst entirely when a stranger left the rm and their caretaker returned. Hansen Wheat says that’s never been seen befre in wlves. It culd be a sign, she says, that the animals view the humans wh raised them as a “scial buffer”.
Fr her, that’s the mst interesting part f the study. “If this is true, this srt f attachment is nt what separates dgs frm wlves,” she says. In ther wrds, it didn’t have t be bred int them by humans, but culd have been the seed we selected fr, and then strengthened ver thusands f years.
28. What’s the purpse f Hansen Wheat’s experiment?
A. T find ut what makes gray wlves and dgs different.
B. T explain the reasns why humans raised dgs frm ancient times.
C. T argue gray wlves after being tamed are easier t keep than dgs.
D. T prve whether gray wlves can make dglike attachment t peple.
29. What d we knw abut Hansen Wheat’s experiment frm paragraph 3 and 4?
A. Researchers began t raise gray wlves frm their birth.
B. Researchers used equal numbers f gray wlves and dgs.
C. Gray wlves felt mre stressful than dgs when a stranger came.
D. “Greeting behavir” f the tw animals was significantly different.
30. What d the underlined wrds “scial buffer” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. A reminder f feeding.B. A sign f scial attachment.
C. A surce f cmfrt and supprt.D. A warning f stpping pace.
31. What will Hansen Wheat prbably agree with accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Dgs are mre attached t humans than gray wlves.
B. It is the attachment t humans that sets gray wlves apart frm dgs.
C. The attachment between dgs and humans is the result f being tamed.
D. The attachment t humans plays a rle in the chice f dgs r gray wlves.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. C 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了狼和狗与人类之间的联系，以及它们在陌生人、陌生环境前的表现。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。第二段提到“But even after years f study researchers are divided n hw this bnd began. Did it arise ver thusands f years, as early dgs became tamer (驯服的) and mre accustmed t human behavirs? Or was this fire already burning in the ancestrs f dgs: the gray wlf?”（但即使经过多年的研究，研究人员对这种联系是如何开始的仍存在分歧。它是在几千年的时间里，随着早期的狗变得更驯服，更习惯人类的行为而出现的吗?或者这种火已经在狗的祖先灰狼身上燃烧了?）由此判断，研究人员想要了解人和狗之间的亲密关系是狗变得更容易驯服之后形成的还是在狗的祖先狼身上就已经形成，即他们想证明狼是否也会和人做出像狗一样的亲密活动。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。第四段提到“When the stranger entered, dg greeting behavir drpped t 4.2 and wlf t 3.5, n average, suggesting bth animals made a distinctin between the persn they knew and the ne they didn’t.”（当陌生人进来时，狗的问候行为平均下降到4.2分，狼的问候行为平均下降到3.5分，这表明这两种动物都区分了它们认识的人和不认识的人。）由此判断，当狼和狗遇到陌生人的时候，他们的分数都有所下降，尤其是狼的分数更低，说明狼会在陌生人面前会更加有压力。故选C。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。第五段提到“In additin, dgs barely paced—a sign f stress—during the test, while wlves paced at least part f the time. Hwever, the wlves stpped pacing almst entirely when a stranger left the rm and their caretaker returned.”（此外，狗在测试中几乎没有踱步——这是压力的一种表现，而狼至少在部分时间里踱步。然而，当一个陌生人离开房间，它们的管理员回来时，狼几乎完全停止了踱步。）由此判断，狼在陌生的环境和面对陌生人的时候会更加感觉到压力，但是当它熟悉的人回来之后，它就停止了踱步，说明熟悉的人的缓解了它的压力，而这个熟悉的人是带给它支持和安慰的人。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段提到“In ther wrds, it didn’t have t be bred int them by humans, but culd have been the seed we selected fr, and then strengthened ver thusands f years.”（换句话说，它不必由人类培育，而可能是我们选择的种子，然后经过数千年的强化。）由此判断，狼和狗一样对人都有依恋，只不过人类选择了狗为载体培养了这颗依恋的种子，因此对于人的依恋才是最重要的。故选D。
D
Almst all humans acquire at least ne language befre the age f five. Hw d yung children understand and prduce cmplex sentences with cmplicated meanings? D adults learn language differently frm children? Mst linguistic (语言学的) researchers agree that bth nature and nurture (后天) are invlved in language acquisitin. They disagree, hwever, abut hw much linguistic knwledge children have frm birth-and thus whether genetics r experience is mre imprtant in language acquisitin.
Fr many linguists, bilgical factrs are the mst imprtant in language learning. Sme argue that sme linguistic knwledge must exist in ur brains frm birth because children cannt pssibly experience every feature f their language befre the age f five. These linguists pint ut that nearly all children can prduce the same kinds f cmplex sentence structures by the age f five, even withut having heard them befre.
Many researchers have therized what this innate (先天的) linguistic knwledge must lk like. One ppular thery (理论) is universal grammar. This thery believes that all languages have the same basic structural fundatin. That fundatin is the innate knwledge universal t all humans. While children are nt genetically tending t speak a particular language, a universal grammar gives them certain linguistic infrmatin as a starting pint, which allws them t readily acquire the rules and patterns f whichever language they are expsed t.
Nt all linguists, hwever, believe that an inbrn ability fr language is the mst imprtant factr in language acquisitin. These researchers place greater emphasis n the influence f usage and experience. They argue that children are expsed t a wealth f linguistic structures ver the curse f five years. They gather data and determine language patterns and structures frm what they have bserved.
Linguists n bth sides f the debate are still wrking t explain the different language learning abilities f adults and children. Early childhd seems t be an imprtant perid fr mastering certain aspects f language. Children als tend t have a heightened ability t learn secnd languages. While adults may have sme advantages when studying in a frmal classrm， they usually d nt learn secnd languages. While adults may have sme advantages when studying in a frmal classrm, they usually d nt learn as quickly and easily as children. Are these different abilities a result f differences in hw adults and children are expsed t a new language? Are they the result f bilgical changes, r d bth bilgy and experience cme int play?
While ur understanding f language acquisitin is incmplete, this pursuit is well wrth the effrt. “We still dn’t understand hw a child learns its first language, why sme children have language disrders, r hw children and adults learn a secnd language,” explains Prfessr Jan Ma ling.
Explaining the prcess f language acquisitin prmises nt nly t help scientists answer these questins, but als t explain fundamental features f learning and the human brain.
32. What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A. The cntrl f nurture ver nature in language acquisitin.
B. The influence f universal grammar in language acquisitin.
C. The best methds fr children and adults t acquire language.
D. The rle f bilgical and envirnmental factrs in language acquisitin.
33. What is cvered in the secnd part f this article?
A. Studying language acquisitin will help understand language and the brain better.
B. Sme experts believe innate factrs explain children’s language develpment.
C. Sme experts fcus n the rle f envirnmental factrs in language acquisitin.
D. Acquiring a language is cmplicated, and it invlves bth nature and nurture.
34. What can we knw abut what the authr wants frm the 2 and 3 paragraph?
A. Present a general argument and then explain a specific thery.
B. Present a specific thery and then prpse a new study t prve it.
C. Present a general argument and then disprve an ppsite argument.
D. Present a scientific debate and then discuss what all linguists agree n.
35. What is the authr’s purpse f writing Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6?
A. T raise pen questins that all linguists have.
B. T present tw different viewpints n language learning.
C. T stress the imprtance f experience in language learning.
D. T intrduce adult language acquisitin and shw why it’s unppular.
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了生物和环境因素在语言习得过程中的作用。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Mst linguistic (语言学的) researchers agree that bth nature and nurture (后天) are invlved in language acquisitin. They disagree, hwever, abut hw much linguistic knwledge children have frm birth — and thus whether genetics r experience is mre imprtant in language acquisitin.(大多数语言学研究者一致认为，先天和后天都与语言习得有关。然而，对于儿童从出生时就拥有多少语言知识，以及基因和经验在语言习得中哪个更重要，他们意见不一)”及全文可知，文章主要讨论了生物和环境因素在语言习得过程中的作用。故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fr many linguists, bilgical factrs are the mst imprtant in language learning. Sme argue that sme linguistic knwledge must exist in ur brains frm birth because children cannt pssibly experience every feature f their language befre the age f five.(对于许多语言学家来说，生物因素在语言学习中是最重要的。一些人认为，某些语言知识一定从出生起就存在于我们的大脑中，因为儿童在五岁之前不可能体验到他们语言的每一个特征)”可知，一些专家认为，先天因素可以解释儿童的语言发展。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fr many linguists, bilgical factrs are the mst imprtant in language learning.(对于许多语言学家来说，生物因素在语言学习中是最重要的)”和第三段中“Many researchers have therized what this innate (先天的) linguistic knwledge must lk like. One ppular thery (理论) is universal grammar.(许多研究人员已经对这种先天的语言知识进行了理论化。一个流行的理论是普遍语法)”可知，第二段提出一个一般的论点，然后第三段解释一个具体的理论，故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段和第六段，特别是第五段中“Linguists n bth sides f the debate are still wrking t explain the different language learning abilities f adults and children.(争论双方的语言学家仍在努力解释成人和儿童不同的语言学习能力。)”可推断，作者写第五段和第六段的目的是提出两种不同的语言学习观点。故选B。
第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Beating Burnut and Cmpassin Fatigue in the New Year
This year has cntinued t bring many f us clser t the pain, suffering and exhaustin f thse experiencing burnut and cmpassin fatigue (疲倦). There is n dubt that 2021 has been filled with additinal challenges. ___36___
The data is clearly shwing that ur wrkfrce shares feelings f burnut. A recent Gallup reprt indicated that 67% f us feel burned ut either sme r mst f the time. At an rganizatinal level, Hgan reprts that burned ut emplyees are 18% less prductive and 2.6 times mre likely t be actively seeking a different jb.
Fatigue and burnut arise nt when we fail t get sufficient rest but when we fail t appreciate the mments f purpse and jy in ur lives.
There are a few myths arund burnut and cmpassin fatigue:
Myth 1: Burnut is an individual's prblem.
Many peple believe that burnut is abut an individual wh needs t “figure it ut”. ___37___ Team structure ffers critical supprt and leaders shuld create envirnment where team burnut is addressed.
Myth 2: ___38___
Surprisingly, the individuals mst likely t experience burnut are cmmitted emplyees and leaders wh lve their jb and are highly engaged. These tp perfrmers are the peple yu are mst likely t lse.
Myth 3: Peple wh experience burnut are just less resilient.
Research shws a crrelatin between higher levels f resilience (复原力) and lwer levels f burnut. ___39___ But resilience lks very different nw frm five years ag, and my guess is that it will cntinue t shift.
If 2021 has taught us anything, it is that we cannt separate burnut frm ur emtins, whether they may be fear, anger, shame r guilt. ___40___
A. While fatigue is mre sudden and results frm carrying the pain and suffering f thers, what we experience is similar.
B. Burnut results frm lack f respnsibility.
C. Burnut hurts individuals' enthusiasm and passin.
D. At this pint, burnut and cmpassin fatigue has expanded int many aspects f ur lives.
E. But burnut ccurs at different levels and is the result frm challenges t individuals, teams and rganizatins.
F. At ne pint, peple believed resilience was established by “sucking it up”, r “just staying psitive”.
G. And the path frward requires us t deepen the relatinship with feelings f jy, passin, pride and fulfillment.
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. B 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了倦怠和同情疲劳以及与之相关的的几个误区。
【36题详解】
根据第二段“The data is clearly shwing that ur wrkfrce shares feelings f burnut.( 数据清楚地表明，我们的员工都有精疲力竭的感觉。)”以及第三段“Fatigue and burnut arise nt when we fail t get sufficient rest but when we fail t appreciate the mments f purpse and jy in ur lives.(疲劳和倦怠并非在我们没有得到足够的休息时，而是在我们生活中没有目标和不能享受生活总的快乐的时刻时产生的。)”可知，第二段及第三段分别论述了疲劳和倦怠分别在工作和其他方面产生了一定的影响。所以首段会总结以总结概括的形式进行论点的提出。选项D“At this pint, burnut and cmpassin fatigue has expanded int many aspects f ur lives.( 在这一点上，倦怠和同情疲劳已经扩展到我们生活的许多方面。)”概括了倦怠和同情疲劳在生活中产生影响。符合语义。故选D。
【37题详解】
根据第五段“Many peple believe that burnut is abut an individual wh needs t “figure it ut”.(许多人认为，职业倦怠个体的问题，需要自己解决)”以及下句“Team structure ffers critical supprt and leaders shuld create envirnment where team burnut is addressed. (团队结构提供了关键的支持，领导者应该创造解决团队倦怠的环境。)”可知，此处是承上启下的过渡句，过渡句是衔接了上句的“individual以及下句的leader和team”，选项E“But burnut ccurs at different levels and is the result frm challenges t individuals, teams and rganizatins.( 但是，职业倦怠会在不同的层次上发生，它是个体、团队和组织面临挑战的结果)”符合语义，故选E。
【38题详解】
根据第六段“Surprisingly, the individuals mst likely t experience burnut are cmmitted emplyees and leaders wh lve their jb and are highly engaged. (令人惊讶的是，最有可能经历倦怠的人是忠诚的员工和领导者，他们热爱自己的工作，高度投入。)”可知，本段关于职业倦怠的误解是与员工的工作热情及对工作的投入有关，即这些人对工作的负责任的态度。选项B“Burnut results frm lack f respnsibility.(工作倦怠源于缺乏责任感)”符合语义，故选B。
【39题详解】
根据上句“Research shws a crrelatin between higher levels f resilience (复原力) and lwer levels f burnut.(研究表明较高的复原力与低水平的倦怠有相关性)”，以及下句“But resilience lks very different nw frm five years ag, and my guess is that it will cntinue t shift.( 但如今的韧性与五年前相比已大不相同，我猜它将继续转变。)”通过转折表明复原力发生变化，那么与之相关的倦怠也会相应变化，结合本段标题“Peple wh experience burnut are just less resilient.( 经历过职业倦怠的人韧性较差。)”可知设空处论述职业倦怠与韧性的误解。选项F“At ne pint, peple believed resilience was established by "sucking it up", r “just staying psitive"(人们一度认为，韧性是通过“忍受”或“保持积极”建立起来的。)”符合语义，故选F。
【40题详解】
根据上句“If 2021 has taught us anything, it is that we cannt separate burnut frm ur emtins, whether they may be fear, anger, shame r guilt.( 如果说2021年教会了我们什么，那就是我们不能将倦怠与我们的情绪分开，无论是恐惧、愤怒、羞耻还是内疚。)”可知，过往的经历教会了我们倦怠与我们的恐惧，愤怒，羞耻，内疚等消极情绪紧密相关，那未来的日子，作者会鼓励我们建立积极的情绪，以此面对倦怠。选项G“And the path frward requires us t deepen the relatinship with feelings f jy, passin, pride and fulfillment.(前进的道路要求我们加深与喜悦、激情、自豪和成就感的关系。)”符合语义，故选G。
第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
One day I came hme, frustrated. I asked my mm t n lnger put Middle Eastern ____41____in my lunch.
She and my father became quiet. My father ____42____ his crsswrd puzzle and my mther, thrugh questining, gt me t ____43____ that the ther students gave me a very difficult time when I pulled ut fd that didn’t lk like everybdy else’s. S I asked, ―Frm nw n, culd we d peanut butter and jelly n Wnder Bread and an apple?
And then my brther and sister walked in and said they’d like the same because they were ____44____ it as well.
My father’s family was frm Syria; my mm’s frm Palestine. We had ____45____ that weren’t exactly in agreement with ur schlmates; we had fd that was ____46____; we had hliday custms that were nt the same as everybdy else. Smetimes we culd ____47____ut.
My mther didn’t say t much when I brught up the lunch ____48____. But abut a week later the teacher ____49____ that we shuld nt bring lunches the fllwing day, nr shuld we bring lunch _____50_____ fr the cafeteria, that we were ging t have sme srt f a _____51_____ fd event.
The next day at lunch, in _____52_____ my mther with bxes f Middle Eastern fd. The teacher _____53_____ her. ―This is Mrs. Nimen. This is Tm’s mm.
She pulled ut tabbuleh, hummus, babaghanush, and her hmemade bread. She had baked bread fr the _____54_____ class t take hme.
Nw, I wuld like t tell yu that this _____55_____ sme f the lw-grade racial issues we faced. And she, if I think abut it nw, is a very early pineer f diversity, in a very smart way, using Middle Eastern hspitality.
41. A. meatB. rastC. fdD. bacn
42. A. finishedB. drppedC. raisedD. slved
43. A. revealB. cnfirmC. advcateD. deny
44. A. digging thrughB. ding withC. ging thrughD. cnnecting with
45. A. expressinsB. husesC. lksD. friends
46. A. preservedB. differentC. tastyD. prcessed
47. A. stickB. figureC. makeD. reach
48. A. bxB. traditinC. recipeD. issue
49. A. annuncedB. lecturedC. reprtedD. claimed
50. A. equipmentB. hurC. breakD. mney
51. A. delicateB. nutritiusC. bitterD. special
52. A. cameB. engagedC. brkeD. went
53. A. greetedB. intrducedC. supprtedD. tld
54. A. briefB. specificC. entireD. private
55. A. interruptedB. endedC. cncludedD. raised
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. D 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为带到学校作为午餐的食物与其他同学的不同而遭遇歧视，但是作者的母亲以友好而智慧的方式改变了这一局面。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我让我妈妈不要再在我的午餐里放中东食物。A. meat肉；B. rast烤；C. fd食物；D. bacn培根。根据“when I pulled ut fd that didn’t lk like everybdy else’s.(当我拿出跟别人不一样的食物时)”可知，这里作者是因为午餐食物不受欢迎，所以不想让妈妈放食物。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲放下了手里的填字游戏，母亲经过一番询问我，问出了缘由，我跟她说，当我拿出和别人不一样的食物时，其他学生的反应让我很难受。A. finished完成；B. drpped下降；C. raised提高；D. slved解决。根据上文“She and my father became quiet.(爸爸妈妈立即安静下来)”可知，此处爸妈听到作者的话，显得吃惊，所以会停下手里的事情，开始询问。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲放下了手里的填字游戏，母亲经过一番询问我，问出了缘由，我跟她说，当我拿出和别人不一样的食物时，其他学生的反应让我很难受。A. reveal揭示；B. cnfirm确认；C. advcate提倡；D. deny否认。根据上文“thrugh questining(经过一番询问)”可知，妈妈问我缘由，所以我会说出真相，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我哥哥和姐姐走进来，说他们也不想让妈妈放中东食物了，因为他们经历了同样的事。A. digging thrugh挖掘；B. ding with处理；C. ging thrugh经历；D. cnnecting with结合。根据“they’d like the same(他们也不想让妈妈放中东食物了)”可知，在学校里我，哥哥，姐姐都因为午餐食物受到了同样的困扰，所以才不让妈妈放了，所以是他们经历的遭遇。故选C。
45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的长相与同学们不太一样。A. expressins表达；B. huses房屋；C. lks相貌；D. friends朋友。根据上文“My father’s family was frm Syria; my mm’s frm Palestine.(爸爸来自利比亚，妈妈来自巴勒斯坦)”可知，因为一家人不是本土美国人，因此我们的外貌不同于大多数同学。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们吃的食物不同。A. preserved保留的；B. different不同的；C. tasty美味的；D. prcessed处理的。根据上文“My father’s family was frm Syria; my mm’s frm Palestine.(爸爸来自利比亚，妈妈来自巴勒斯坦)”可知，由于我们来自不同的民族，因此饮食文化会不一样，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我们站在人群中特别显眼。A. stick刺；B. figure弄清楚；C. make使得；D. reach到达。根据上文“My father’s family was frm Syria; my mm’s frm Palestine.(爸爸来自利比亚，妈妈来自巴勒斯坦)”可知，我们来自中东地区，因此着装打扮，饮食文化与周围人有着显著不同，因此会显得与别人与众不同。短语“stick ut”意为“醒目，显眼”，故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我提出午餐的问题时，我母亲没有说太多。A. bx盒子；B. traditin传统；C. recipe配方；D. issue问题。根据上文“the ther students gave me a very difficult time when I pulled ut fd that didn’t lk like everybdy else’s.(当我拿出与别人不一样的食物时，同学的反应让我很难受)”可知，因为食物原因，同学们的反应对我构成困扰，因此这对我来说是一个难堪的问题。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但大约一个星期后，老师宣布第二天我们不用带午餐，也不用带去食堂吃饭的饭钱，我们将举行一个特殊的午餐活动。A. annunced宣布；B. lectured作报告；C. reprted报道；D. claimed声称。根据下文“we shuld nt bring lunches the fllwing day(我们明天不用带午餐来)”可知，老师在宣布告知我们明天的安排。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但大约一个星期后，老师宣布第二天我们不用带午餐，也不用带去食堂吃饭的饭钱，我们将举行一个特殊的午餐活动。A. equipment设备；B. hur荣誉；C. break休息；D. mney钱。根据上文“we shuld nt bring lunches the fllwing day(我们明天不用带午餐来)”可知，按照常理，如果不带做好的午餐，那么就要在午餐时付钱购买，因此这里指买饭的钱。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但大约一个星期后，老师宣布第二天我们不用带午餐，也不用带去食堂吃饭的饭钱，我们将举行一个特殊的午餐活动。A. delicate精致的；B. nutritius营养的；C. bitter痛苦的；D. special特殊的。根据下文“with bxes f Middle Eastern fd.(带着一些中东食物)”可知，这次的午饭形式与往常是不一样的，是特殊的午餐内容和形式。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天吃午饭的时候，我母亲带着几盒中东食物进来了。A. came来；B. engaged订婚；C. brke打破；D. went走。根据句子结构分析可知，此处是倒装句，“came in”意为“走进来”，表示妈妈走进教室，带着一些中东食物。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师向大家介绍了她。这是尼曼太太，也是汤姆的妈妈。A. greeted欢迎；B. intrduced介绍；C. supprted支持；D. tld告诉。根据下文“This is Mrs. Nimen. This is Tm’s mm(这是尼曼太太，是Tm的妈妈)”可知，这里是老师在向同学们介绍妈妈，故选B。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她烤了面包给全班同学带回家。A. brief简短的；B. specific具体的；C. entire全部的；D. private私人的。根据上文“we shuld nt bring lunches the fllwing day(我们明天不用自带午餐)”可知，这里老师让全班同学不带午饭，说明这里妈妈带来的食物是要分享给全班同学。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我想说的是，这一举动终结了我们面临的一些低级种族问题。A. interrupted打断；B. ended终结；C. cncluded总结；D. raised提高。根据下文“And she, if I think abut it nw, is a very early pineer f diversity, in a very smart way, using Middle Eastern hspitality.(如果现在想想，我觉得妈妈她一个开明的人，以一种非常睿智的方式，利用了中东的好客的特点帮我化解了这种无形的种族歧视)”可知，妈妈的行为最终终结了因为午餐问题引起的种族歧视问题 。故选B。
第II卷（55分）
第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mre than 300 participants ____56____ were frm internatinal rganizatins, research institutes, universities and enterprises came tgether at the 6th Internatinal Agricultural Research Cnference in Beijing n December 15,2022 t exchange ideas n hw t make a ____57____ (cntribute) t glbal fd security, calling fr mre internatinal cperatin in agriculture.
Themed “strengthening agricultural science and technlgy cperatin t jintly prmte glbal fd security,” the cnference was hsted by the Center fr Internatinal Agricultural Research (CIAR) and the Department f Internatinal Cperatin f the Chinese Academy f Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), ____58____ (adpt) the frm f virtual lectures and nline bradcast.
Wu Kngming, president f CAAS, said that CAAS remains cmmitted t prviding Chinese ____59____ (slutin) and wisdm t help address glbal challenges such as fd security, pverty reductin and green develpment, and t d s thrugh multilateral and bilateral internatinal cperatin mechanisms.
Accrding t Carls Watsn, the Fd and Agriculture Organizatin f the United Natins (FAO) Representative in China, the cnference ffered ____60____ great and timely pprtunity t facilitate(使便利)cnstructive discussin n internatinal jint actins cncerning glbal agricultural develpment and fd security, ____61____ the face f challenges psed by the pandemic and climate change.
“Given China’s ____62____ (success) experience in the eradicatin(消除)f extreme pverty, digital innvatins, and agricultural and rural develpment, China is ____63____ (unique) psitined t share its innvatin experience, innvative technlgies, and best practices with the rest f the wrld,” he said.
During the cnference, experts discussed the current situatin and future prspects f internatinal cperatin in agricultural science and technlgy. They als discussed the plicy envirnment, market envirnment, investment mdel and service demand fr verseas agricultural investment, as well as strategies and measures ____64____ (ensure) glbal fd security.
The Internatinal Agricultural Research Cnference ____65____ (hld) fr six cnsecutive(连续的)years since 2017.
【答案】56. wh##that
57. cntributin
58. adpting
59. slutins
60. a 61. in
62. successful
63. uniquely
64. t ensure
65. has been held
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章介绍了来自国际组织、研究机构、大学和企业的300多名代表齐聚北京就如何为全球粮食安全做出贡献交换意见，呼吁加强农业领域的国际合作的会议。
【56题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2022年12月15日，来自国际组织、研究机构、大学和企业的300多名代表齐聚北京，就如何为全球粮食安全做出贡献交换意见，呼吁加强农业领域的国际合作。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词participants。先行词在从句中作主语，指人，因此可使用关系代词wh/that，故填wh/that。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：2022年12月15日，来自国际组织、研究机构、大学和企业的300多名代表齐聚北京，就如何为全球粮食安全做出贡献交换意见，呼吁加强农业领域的国际合作。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用名词作make的宾语，故填cntributin。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：会议以“加强农业科技合作，共同促进全球粮食安全”为主题，由中国农业科学院国际农业研究中心和中国农业科学院国际合作部主办，采用虚拟讲座和网络直播形式。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用非谓语动词作状语，主语the cnference与adpt是主动关系，与谓语同时发生，因此需使用现在分词形式，故填adpting。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国农科院院长吴孔明表示，中国农科院将继续致力于为应对全球性挑战提供中国方案和智慧。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用名词作prviding的宾语，即slutin。结合句意可知，此处表达提供很多的解决方案，因此需要使用复数形式，故填slutins。
【60题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：联合国粮食及农业组织驻华代表卡洛斯·沃森表示，面对疫情和气候变化带来的挑战，这次会议为促进就全球农业发展和粮食安全的国际联合行动进行建设性讨论提供了绝佳和及时的机会。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用不定冠词a修饰名词pprtunity，表示泛指。great首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)驻华代表卡洛斯·沃森表示，面对疫情和气候变化带来的挑战，这次会议为促进就全球农业发展和粮食安全的国际联合行动进行建设性讨论提供了绝佳和及时的机会。“in the face f challenges”表示“面对……的挑战”可知此处需要使用介词in。故填in。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他说:“鉴于中国在消除极端贫困、数字创新以及农业和农村发展方面的成功经验，中国在与世界其他国家分享其创新经验、创新技术和最佳实践方面具有独特的地位。”根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用形容词作定语，修饰名词experience，故填successful。
【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：他说:“鉴于中国在消除极端贫困、数字创新以及农业和农村发展方面的成功经验，中国在与世界其他国家分享其创新经验、创新技术和最佳实践方面具有独特的地位。”根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用副词修饰动词is psitined。故填uniquely。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还讨论了海外农业投资的政策环境、市场环境、投资模式和服务需求，以及确保全球粮食安全的战略和措施。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用非谓语动词作目的状语，表达“为了确保……”，主语they与ensure是主动关系，因此需要使用不定式的主动形式，故填t ensure。
【65题详解】
考查现在完成时，被动语态。句意：国际农业研究大会自2017年起已连续举办6届。根据句中时间状语“since 2017（自从2017年）”可知，此处表达动作自2017年一直持续大现在，且主语“The Internatinal Agricultural Research Cnference（际农业研究大会）”与hld是被动关系，因此需要使用现在完成时的被动语态，故填has been held。
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 假如你是李华，你校将要举办一场以“The Pwer f a Rle Mdel”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请结合一位对你有影响的中国杰出人物，写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1.你对“榜样”的理解；
2.该人物对你的影响。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Gd mrning, everyne!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu fr yur listening.
【答案】Gd mrning, everyne!
In my pinin, a rle mdel is smene r smething wrth learning frm and smene r smething wh inspires and guides thers.
The mst influential rle mdel fr me is Quan Hng Chan, wh is a 14-year-ld girl. She began t receive diving training in 2014, and wn the gld medal in the 10-meter platfrm cmpetitin n August 5, 2021. It is her hard training that makes her s successful. She als has a strng will.
I think I shuld learn frm her. She never gives up hwever hard the life is. And at the same time, she is als filial. Thrugh her hard wrk and effrt, she lks after her mther well.
Thank yu fr yur listening.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生结合一位对你有影响的中国杰出人物，写一篇演讲稿参加你校将要举办的一场以“The Pwer f a Rle Mdel”为主题的英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
指导：guide→direct
无论多么：hwever→n matter hw
同时：at the same time→in the meantime
照顾：lk after→take care f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my pinin, a rle mdel is smene r smething wrth learning frm and smene r smething wh inspires and guides thers.
拓展句：I hld the belief that a rle mdel is smene r smething wrth learning frm and smene r smething wh inspires and guides thers.
【点睛】[高分句型1] In my pinin, a rle mdel is smene r smething wrth learning frm and smene r smething wh inspires and guides thers. (运用了wh引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] The mst influential rle mdel fr me is Quan Hng Chan, wh is a 14-year-ld girl. (运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节：读后续写（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“I’ll bet Anjali knws. Right, Anjali? Why dn’t yu shw us since yu’re the star student,” Deepak taunted (奚落).
Anjali was cnfused. She wasn’t trying t shw ff. She was just playing tabla (印度塔不拉鼓), like everyne else. And why was Deepak being s mean lately? Is it because tabla is a by’s thing? She didn’t care that peple thught it was a bys’ instrument. Anjali knew there was n such thing. She danced her fingers acrss the tabla t perfrm the cmpsitin in cnfusin. “Ugh!” Anjali heard smene gran, and she stpped playing.
“I guess I dn’t knw it that well after all,” Anjali said sheepishly t the teacher, Mr. Zakir. Her stmach was ding flip-flps. That wasn’t true. Nt even a little. Mr. Zakir’s eyes narrwed. He lked like he was abut t say smething, but changed his mind. “The recital (演奏会) is next week, everyne. Keep practicing. I will be annuncing wh will get t perfrm nstage with me at my next cncert!” Anjali had dreamed f a mment like that. She wanted t win the pprtunity, but she needed t srt things straight with Deepak first.
As the class was dismissed, Anjali hurried ver t Deepak. When she finally made eye cntact with him, he purpsely lked away and walked ff. The next day at schl, Anjali verheard Deepak whispering t Mary. “Peple are nly interested because she’s the nly girl in tabla class and they want her t feel special. She’s nt that gd—” Anjali was furius. She excused herself and went t the bathrm. She tk sme deep breaths but culdn’t relax. Her heart was punding:
“It’s nt my fault that peple make a big deal abut a girl playing tabla. I make mistakes t, but I wrk really hard. Maybe he shuld t. He shuld be less mean and practice mre.”
“If I play in this cncert, n ne will talk t me again. He will turn everyne against me.”
“I dn’t want t see a tabla r hear a tabla r play a tabla EVER AGAIN!!” Anjali yelled at the mirrr. It was quiet fr a mment. She believed it was ne f her darkest days ever.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Stepping ut f the bathrm, Anjali saw sme inspiring psters n the wall.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the recital, Deepak walked up t Anjali.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One Pssible Versin
Paragraph 1:
Stepping ut f the bathrm, Anjali saw sme inspiring psters n the wall. One f them illustrated with several instruments and a qute “Never dim yur light.” Fr that very mment, Anjali thught abut hw she was mesmerized the first time she saw smene playing tabla, by the beautiful sunds he was creating with his hands. She knew that tabla was meant fr her. When the day f the recital finally arrived, Anjali was determined t d her very best, regardless f the utcme. She was nt ging t let anyne make her feel bad, whether it was fr being gd at smething r fr being a girl. And as expected, she delivered a flawless perfrmance.
Paragraph 2:
After the recital, Deepak walked up t Anjali. “Very impressive.” He remarked awkwardly that he was just jealus because tabla shuld be a by’s instrument. Anjali shrugged, “Yu knw there is n such thing.” As Anjali tk ne last lk at the stage, she felt such a relief. Under the sptlight was the set f tabla, glittering n the stage just as she did a few minutes earlier. Amng cuntless cmpliments and cngratulatins frm the audience, Anjali heard a little sweet vice, “Brav, Anjali!!” She turned t find a little girl lking up at her. “I didn’t knw girls culd play tabla,” she said. “Girls can d everything bys d,” Anjali beamed, “Never dim yur light”.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Anjali是印度塔不拉鼓班上唯一的女生，虽然她很努力，但是她受到了Deepak的奚落，Anjali告诉老师Mr. Zakir自己不是很会塔不拉鼓，Mr. Zakir通知下周会有独奏会，叫同学们继续练习，Anjali一直梦想着这样的时刻，她想赢得这个机会，但她需要先和Deepak把事情理清楚，她偶然听到了Deepak和玛丽的窃窃私语，他们认为人们对Anjali感兴趣只是因为Anjali是手鼓课上唯一的女孩，Anjali觉得如果自己在这场音乐会上演奏，就没有人会再和自己说话了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“走出浴室，Anjali看到墙上一些鼓舞人心的海报。”可知，第一段可描写Anjali看到海报后的一些想法以及她参加了音乐会。
②由第二段首句内容“演奏会结束后，Deepak走向Anjali。”可知，第二段可描写Deepak向Anjali道歉以及Anjali的事情对其他人的鼓舞。
2.续写线索：想起第一次听到塔不拉鼓的情形——决定尽力——表演很完美——Deepak道歉——Anjali如释重负——一个小女孩受到鼓舞
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想起：think abut/think f
②决定：be determined t d/decide t d
③评述：remark/cmment
情绪类
①尴尬：awkwardly/embarrassedly
②笑：beam/grin
【点睛】[高分句型1] Fr that very mment, Anjali thught abut hw she was mesmerized the first time she saw smene playing tabla, by the beautiful sunds he was creating with his hands. (由hw引导的宾语从句，the first time引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] He remarked awkwardly that he was just jealus because tabla shuld be a by’s instrument.(由that引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
相关试卷
浙江省义乌市2024届高三下学期5月第二次适应性考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）： 这是一份浙江省义乌市2024届高三下学期5月第二次适应性考试英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含浙江省义乌市2024届高三下学期5月第二次适应性考试英语试卷Word版含解析docx、浙江省义乌市2024届高三下学期5月第二次适应性考试英语试卷Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。
2024届浙江省效实中学高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试题： 这是一份2024届浙江省效实中学高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试题，文件包含2024届浙江省效实中学第二次适应性考试英语试题卷docx、2024届浙江省效实中学第二次适应性考试英语答案docx、2024届浙江省效实中学第二次适应性考试英语听力mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共11页， 欢迎下载使用。
2024届浙江省效实中学高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试题： 这是一份2024届浙江省效实中学高三下学期第二次适应性考试英语试题，文件包含2024届浙江省效实中学第二次适应性考试英语试题卷docx、2024届浙江省效实中学第二次适应性考试英语答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共11页， 欢迎下载使用。
