适用于新高考新教材天津专版2024届高考英语一轮总复习课后自主规范练4必修第二册Unit1Foodforthought阅读理解题组__练速度外研版

这是一份适用于新高考新教材天津专版2024届高考英语一轮总复习课后自主规范练4必修第二册Unit1Foodforthought阅读理解题组__练速度外研版，共10页。

A
(2021·天津卷)
Art is everywhere.Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind t be bth functinal and beautiful.Why,then,is art still s widely cnsidered t be “the easy subject” at schl,insignificant t wider sciety,a waste f time and effrt?
Art can cnnect culture with cmmercial prducts in a way that nt many ther things can;art generates mney and hlds significant emtinal and cultural value within cmmunities.When peple attend a cncert,they are paying fr music,sure,maybe even htel rms,meals,and transprt,but they als gain an incredible experience,a unique atmsphere and a memry that will g thrugh the rest f their lives.Peple dn't just want material things anymre,they want t experience life—the arts are a perfect crssver(交叠) between culture and cmmerce.
Furthermre,the arts can bring cmmunities tgether,reducing lneliness and making peple feel safer.Scial bnds are created amng individuals when they share their arts experiences thrugh reflectin and discussin,and their expressin f cmmn values thrugh artwrks in hnur f events significant t a natin's experience.
The arts clearly have a pretty psitive impact n physical and psychlgical health.It is fund that peple wh frequent cultural places r participate in artistic events are mre likely t gain gd health cmpared t thse wh d nt;mre engagement with the arts is linked t a higher level f peple's well-being.The Ryal Sciety f Public Health discvered that music and art,when used in hspitals,help t imprve the cnditins f patients by reducing stress,anxiety and bld pressure.
Children wh are invlved with the arts make greater achievements in their educatin:thse engaged with drama have greater literary ability while thers taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages.Kids with preference fr the arts have a greater chance f finding emplyment in the future.Participating in the arts is essential fr child develpment;encuraging children t express themselves in cnstructive ways culd help t frm healthy emtinal respnses in later life.
Vital t human life,art is celebrated and used by natins acrss the wrld fr varius purpses.Life withut art wuld be bring and dead still,fr art is a part f what makes us human.
1.Art prducts differ frm mst ther cmmercial prducts because .
A.mst peple purchase them fr cllectin
B.they are mre expensive and less accessible
C.they have bth cmmercial and cultural values
D.their prices may climb up as time passes
2.By sharing their arts experiences,cmmunity members can .
A.keep the cmmunity safe frm illnesses
B.develp a strnger tie between them
C.learn t appreciate their wn wrks f art
D.ffer hnurable slutins t their prblems
3.What can we learn abut peple wh are invlved in artistic activities?
A.They enjy better living cnditins.
B.They like t cmpare themselves with thers.
C.They are particularly gd at bth music and art.
D.They tend t be healthier physically and mentally.
4.Hw des kids' engagement with the arts benefit them?
A.It prmtes their academic perfrmance and emtinal grwth.
B.It gives them mre cnfidence in exhibiting their learning skills.
C.It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.
D.It helps t make respnsible peple ut f them.
5.What is the best title fr this passage?
A.Hw Art Cures Our Hearts
B.Art:A Blessing t Humankind
C.Hw Art Benefits Cmmunities
D.Art:A Bridge Between Cultures
B
(2021·天津南开一模)
Scientists at the Department f Energy's Lawrence Berkeley Natinal Labratry and the Califrnia Institute f Technlgy have—in just tw years—nearly dubled the number f materials knwn t have ptential fr use in slar fuels.
They did s by develping a prcess that prmises t speed the discvery f cmmercially viable(在商业上可行) generatin f slar fuels that culd replace cal,il,and ther fssil fuels.
Slar fuels,a dream f clean-energy research,are created using nly sunlight,water,and carbn dixide.Researchers are explring a range f pssible target fuels,but ne pssibility is t prduce hydrgen by splitting water.
Each water mlecule(分子) cnsists f ne xygen atm and tw hydrgen atms.The hydrgen atms are extracted,and then can be reunited t create highly flammable hydrgen gas r cmbined with CO2 t create hydrcarbn fuels,creating a plentiful and renewable energy surce.The prblem,hwever,is that water mlecules d nt simply break dwn when sunlight shines n them—if they did,the ceans wuld nt cver mst f the planet.They need a little help frm a slar-pwered catalyst(催化剂).
T create practical slar fuels,scientists have been trying t develp lw-cst and efficient materials that perfrm the necessary chemistry using nly visible light as an energy surce.
A new methd was develped thrugh a partnership between the Jint Center fr Artificial Phtsynthesis(JCAP) and Berkeley Lab's Materials Prject,using resurces at the Mlecular Fundry and the Natinal Energy Research Scientific Cmputing Center(NERSC).JCAP fcused n develping a cst-effective methd f turning sunlight,water,and carbn dixide int fuel.It is led by Caltech with Berkeley Lab as a majr partner.The Materials Prject is a prgram based at Berkeley Lab that aims t remve the guesswrk frm materials design in a variety f applicatins.
“What is particularly significant abut this study,which cmbines experiment and thery,is that in additin t identifying several new cmpunds fr slar fuel applicatins,we can als learn smething new abut the basic electrnic structure f the materials themselves,”says Neatn,the directr f the Mlecular Fundry.
6.What can we learn frm the first tw paragraphs f the passage?
A.Sme scientists prmise t speed the discvery f cmmercially viable generatin f slar fuels.
B.Sme scientists have fund tw science labs.
C.Sme scientists fund new materials in slar fuels that culd replace traditinal fuels.
D.Sme scientists have used tw types f slar fuel in just tw years.
7.Accrding t the passage,what can we d t create a plentiful and renewable energy surce?
A.Use nly sunlight,water,and carbn dixide.
B.Extract hydrgen atms frm water mlecules.
C.Create hydrcarbn fuels frm water mlecules.
D.Explre pssible target fuels.
8.A slar-pwered catalyst can be used fr .
A.creating a new energy surce
B.breaking dwn water mlecules
C.creating highly flammable hydrgen gas
D.reuniting hydrgen atms extracted frm water mlecules
9.What can be cncluded frm the last paragraph?
A.The study will identify sme slar fuels.
B.Scientists can learn abut the basic electrnic structure f the new cmpunds.
C.The study invlves new thery and relative experiment.
D.The mst imprtant thing f the study is t find sme slar fuel applicatins.
10.What des the passage fcus n?
A.New materials culd turn water int the fuel f the future.
B.A new methd was develped t create a renewable fuel.
C.A prgram that aims t split water and create a clean-energy research.
D.Slar fuels are a dream f clean energy.
C
Hw fit are yur teeth?Are yu lazy abut brushing them?Never fear:An inventr is n the case.An electric tthbrush senses hw lng and hw well yu brush,and it lets yu track yur perfrmance n yur phne.
The tthbrush was exhibited at the Internatinal Cnsumer Electrnics Shw in Las Vegas.It senses hw it is mved and can send the infrmatin t a phne via a Bluetth wireless cnnectin.
The tthbrush will be able t teach yu t brush right (Dn't frget the insides f the teeth!) and make sure yu're brushing lng enugh.“It's kind f like having a dentist actually watch yur brushing n a day-t-day basis,” says Thmas Serval,the French inventr.
The tthbrush will als be able t talk t ther applicatins n yur phne,s develpers culd,fr instance,create a game cntrlled by yur tthbrush.Yu culd scre pints fr beating mnsters amng yur teeth.“We try t make it smart and fun,” Serval says.
Serval says he was inspired by his experience as a father.He wuld cme hme frm wrk and ask his kids if they had brushed their teeth.They said “yes”,but Serval wuld find their tthbrush heads dry.He decided he needed a brush that really tld him hw well his children brushed.
Serval says that ne day,it'll be pssible t replace the brush n the handle with a brushing unit that als has a camera.The camera can even examine hles in yur teeth while yu brush.
11.Which is ne f the features f the tthbrush?
A.It can sense hw users brush their teeth.
B.It can track users' schl perfrmance.
C.It can detect users' fear f seeing a dentist.
D.It can help users find their phnes.
12.What can we learn frm Serval's wrds in Paragraph 3?
A.Yu will find it enjyable t see a dentist.
B.Yu shuld see yur dentist n a day-t-day basis.
C.Yu can brush with the tthbrush as if guided by a dentist.
D.Yu'd like a dentist t watch yu brush yur teeth every day.
13.Which f the fllwing might make the tthbrush fun?
A.It can be used t update mbile phnes.
B.It can be used t play mbile phne games.
C.It can send messages t ther users.
D.It can talk t its develpers.
14.What is Paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A.Hw Serval fund ut his kids lied t him.
B.Why Serval thught brushing teeth was necessary.
C.Hw Serval taught his kids t brush their teeth.
D.What inspired Serval t invent the tthbrush.
15.What can we infer abut Serval's children?
A.They were unwilling t brush their teeth.
B.They ften failed t clean their tthbrushes.
C.They preferred t use a tthbrush with a dry head.
D.They liked brushing their teeth after Serval came hme.
D
(2019·天津卷)
Hw des an ecsystem(生态系统) wrk?What makes the ppulatins f different species the way they are?Why are there s many flies and s few wlves?T find an answer,scientists have built mathematical mdels f fd webs,nting wh eats whm and hw much each ne eats.
With such mdels,scientists have fund ut sme key principles perating in fd webs.Mst fd webs,fr instance,cnsist f many weak links rather than a few strng nes.When a predatr(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers f a single prey(猎物),the tw species are strngly linked;when a predatr lives n varius species,they are weakly linked.Fd webs may be dminated by many weak links because that arrangement is mre stable ver the lng term.If a predatr can eat several species,it can survive the extinctin(灭绝) f ne f them.And if a predatr can mve n t anther species that is easier t find when a prey species becmes rare,the switch allws the riginal prey t recver.The weak links may thus keep species frm driving ne anther t extinctin.
Mathematical mdels have als revealed that fd webs may be unstable,where small changes f tp predatrs can lead t big effects thrughut entire ecsystems.In the 1960s,scientists prpsed that predatrs at the tp f a fd web had a surprising amunt f cntrl ver the size f ppulatins f ther species—including species they did nt directly attack.
And unplanned human activities have prved the idea f tp-dwn cntrl by tp predatrs t be true.In the cean,we fished fr tp predatrs such as cd n an industrial scale,while n land,we killed ff large predatrs such as wlves.These actins have greatly affected the eclgical balance.
Scientists have built an early-warning system based n mathematical mdels.Ideally,the system wuld tell us when t adapt human activities that are pushing an ecsystem tward a breakdwn r wuld even allw us t pull an ecsystem back frm the brderline.Preventin is key,scientists say,because nce ecsystems pass their tipping pint(临界点),it is remarkably difficult fr them t return.
16.What have scientists discvered with the help f mathematical mdels f fd webs?
A.The living habits f species in fd webs.
B.The rules gverning fd webs f the ecsystems.
C.The appraches t studying the species in the ecsystems.
D.The differences between weak and strng links in fd webs.
17.A strng link is fund between tw species when a predatr .
A.has a wide fd chice
B.can easily find new prey
C.sticks t ne prey species
D.can quickly mve t anther place
18.What will happen if the ppulatins f tp predatrs in a fd web greatly decline?
A.The prey species they directly attack will die ut.
B.The species they indirectly attack will turn int tp predatrs.
C.The living envirnment f ther species will remain unchanged.
D.The ppulatins f ther species will experience unexpected changes.
19.What cnclusin can be drawn frm the examples in Paragraph 4?
A.Uncntrlled human activities greatly upset ecsystems.
B.Rapid ecnmic develpment threatens animal habitats.
C.Species f cmmercial value dminate ther species.
D.Industrial activities help keep fd webs stable.
20.Hw des an early-warning system help us maintain the eclgical balance?
A.By getting illegal practices under cntrl.
B.By stpping us frm killing large predatrs.
C.By bringing the brken-dwn ecsystems back t nrmal.
D.By signaling the urgent need fr taking preventive actin.
必修第二册 Unit1 阅读理解题组——练速度
1.C 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的“Artcancnnectculturewithcmmercialprductsinawaythatntmanytherthingscan...”和最后一句中的“”可知,艺术可以把文化和商品以一种许多其他东西做不到的方式联系起来,艺术是文化和商业的完美结合。由此可推知,艺术品不同于其他商业产品,是因为它们既有文化价值又有商业价值。故选C项。
2.B 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的theartscanbringcmmunitiestgether和第二句“'sexperience.”可知,社区成员通过分享艺术体验可以增进彼此之间的关系。故选B项。
3.D 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Itisfundthatpeplewhfrequentculturalplacesrparticipateinartisticeventsaremrelikelytgaingdhealthcmparedtthsewhdnt;mreengagementwiththeartsislinkedtahigherlevelfpeple'swell-being.”可知,和那些不参加艺术活动的人相比,参加艺术活动的人可能身体更加健康,而且艺术活动参与得越多,幸福感就越强。由此可推知,参加艺术活动的人身心会更健康。故选D项。
4.A 解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Childrenwhareinvlvedwiththeartsmakegreaterachievementsintheireducatin...”和最后一句“”可知,参加艺术活动的孩子们会在教育方面取得更大的成就,而且鼓励孩子们积极表达自己有助于孩子们在之后的生活中形成健康的情绪反应。由此可推知,孩子们参与艺术活动对其学业和情绪发展都有促进作用。故选A项。
5.B 解析 标题归纳题。分析文章结构可知,文章的中心段是最后一段,该段总结了艺术对人类的重要性,说明了艺术是我们人类不可或缺的一部分。由此可推知,B项(艺术:人类的一大幸事)最符合文章内容。故选B项。
6.C 解析 推理判断题。文章第一段说科学家两年内在太阳能燃料中发现了许多新物质;第二段说这种太阳能燃料可以替代传统能源。故选C项。
7.C 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“,creatingaplentifulandrenewableenergysurce.”可知,每个水分子由一个氧原子和两个氢原子组成……去制造碳氢化合物燃料,从而创造出一种丰富的可再生能源。故选C项。
8.B 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theprblem,hwever,”可知,问题是当阳光照射到水分子时,它们不会简单分解……它们需要一种太阳能催化剂的帮助。故选B项。
9.B 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“”可知,我们还可以了解材料本身的基本电子结构的新情况。故选B项(科学家可以了解新化合物的基本电子结构)。
10.A 解析 主旨大意题。这篇文章第一段讲述科学家发现了更多太阳能燃料中的新物质,之后开始介绍新物质可以用于把水变成燃料的原理和意义。故选A项(新的物质可以把水变成未来的燃料)。
【长难句分析】What is particularly significant abut this study,which cmbines experiment and thery,is that in additin t identifying several new cmpunds fr slar fuel applicatins,we can als learn smething new abut the basic electrnic structure f the materials themselves.
【分析】这句话主要是由what引导的主语从句,以及that引导的表语从句组成。
【译文】这项结合了实验和理论的研究的特别重要之处在于,除了识别出几种用于太阳能燃料的新化合物外,我们还可以了解材料本身的基本电子结构的新情况。
11.A 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话可知,这款牙刷可以追踪用户刷牙的情况。故选A项。
12.C 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It'skindflikehavingadentistactuallywatchyurbrushingnaday-t-daybasis...”可知,使用这款牙刷就如同有牙科医生每天观察你刷牙的情况一样。故选C项。
13.B 解析 推理判断题。根据题中关键词fun定位到第四段最后一句“Wetrytmakeitsmartandfun...”,再结合前文createagame可知答案为B项。
14.D 解析 段落大意题。根据第五段第一句“Servalsayshewasinspiredbyhisexperienceasafather.”可知答案为D项。
15.A 解析 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知,孩子们说他们已经刷过牙了,可是Serval却发现牙刷头是干的,没有用过的痕迹。由此推知,他们不愿意刷牙。故选A项。
16.B 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“”可知,科学家们发现了食物网运行的关键法则。故选B项。
17.C 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“Whenapredatralwayseatshugenumbersfasingleprey,thetwspeciesarestrnglylinked...”可知,掠食动物如果只吃一种猎物,那么它们之间会有“strnglink”。故选C项。
18.D 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“”可知,食物链顶端掠食动物的数量变化可能会给整个生态系统带来大的影响。故选D项。
19.A 解析 推理判断题。根据第四段的例子以及本段的最后一句话可知,人类的这些行为极大地影响了生态的平衡。故选A项。
20.D 解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句以及最后一句话中的Preventiniskey可推知D项正确。