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专题05 阅读理解之说明文15篇（济南专用）-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（山东专用）
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这是一份专题05 阅读理解之说明文15篇（济南专用）-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（山东专用），共29页。
I was always t busy t add an additinal pint t my daily schedule. That’s the main reasn why I never had enugh time t read and learn new things fr my hbbies. Hwever, I’ve learnt that having ne mre task n my t-d list is the best way t structure my daily rutine and imprve my time perceptin (观念). I’ve realized I shuld manage time wisely. Stp cmplaining that yu dn’t have free time t read. Learn t use yur time mre efficiently s that yu can d things yu want t d.
I realize that I’ve met mst f my friends while learning new things and btaining new experiences. When yu jin an rganizatin r a club, yu are surrunded with like-minded peple and just uncmmn characters. Chances are yu’ll find clse friends amng them.
Develp a habit f learning smething new each day and yu’ll be srry yu didn’t. It can imprve the quality f yur life and helped yu bth prfessinally and persnally. D yu think learning smething new daily is imprtant?
1．What can make ur life rich accrding t Paragraph 1?
A．Daily rutines.B．Everyday activities.
C．New inspiratin.D．Learning chances.
2．What des the underlined wrd “It” refers t in Paragraph 2?
A．Lking fr the key t their achievements.B．Getting new experience and skills.
C．Making us prud.D．Increasing ur self-cnfidence.
3．We can infer frm the passage that the writer ________.
A．is always busy with her habitual everyday rutines
B．believed her persnal grwth was the key t her achievement
C．has prbably added a reading task n her t-d list
D．believe that new peple shuld be intrduced by ld nes
4．The passage tells the fllwing benefits f learning smething new daily except ________.
A．prmting persnal grwthB．learning time management skills
C．meeting new pepleD．setting a gd example
5．In which part f a magazine wuld yu mst prbably read the text?
A．Wrk & Life.B．Science.C．Travel.D．Health.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Scientists frm Washingtn State University invented a rbt. It culd help ld peple with dementia (痴呆) r peple wh have difficulty living by themselves in their wn hmes.
The Rbt Activity Supprt System, r RAS, uses sensrs (传感器) t find ut where its wners are, what they are ding and when they need help with daily activities. It runs arund rms t find peple n its wn and can even lead them t things like medicine r snacks in the kitchen.
At present, abut 50% f the adults ver the age f 85 in the US need help with daily activities such as cking meals and taking medicine. The cst fr this help is nearly $2,000 billin every year. That’s why scientists invented RAS. Scientists did a study t shw hw RAS culd make life easier fr lder adults. In the study, they asked 26 yung participants (参与者) t cmplete three activities in a smart hme with RAS. The participants needed t walk the dg, take medicine and water huse plants. When the sensrs fund smene was struggling with ne f the things, RAS received a message t help. The rbt then used its sensrs t find the persn and prvide help.
When scientists asked the participants abut the rbt, smene said, “When I get lder, I prefer t have ne in my hme.” Others als thught s.
6．Which is NOT mentined abut RAS in the first tw paragraphs?
A．Wh invented it.B．Wh might need it.
C．Hw peple invented it.D．Hw it helps its wners.
7．Which wrd can best describe the help fr the adults abve 85 in the US?
A．Easy.B．Difficult.C．Careless.D．Expensive.
8．When did the rbt prvide help fr the participants in the study?
A．When they frgt t take medicine.B．When they went ut t walk the dg.
C．When they watered the plants t much.D．When they had difficulty ding a thing.
9．What did mst participants think f the rbt?
A．They thught it culd be better.B．They thught it culd help peple a lt.
C．They thught it was nt useful.D．They thught they didn’t need it.
10．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Hme rbts are very ppular.
B．Aging will bring many prblems sn.
C．Old peple will lk after themselves in the future.
D．Smart rbts culd help ld peple live easier.
（2024·山东济南·一模）It might be fun t use yur smartphne, but be careful. T much screen time may be harmful t yur health.
First, it is bad fr yur eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the prblem cmes frm the blue light that the screen gives ut. Lking at a smartphne fr a lng time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes. S it is a gd idea t take a break every 15 minutes when yu are wrking at a cmputer r using a smartphne.
Secnd, screen use can d harm t children’s brains. A new study shws that using screens t much can affect (影响) hw children’s brains grw. If children use screens fr mre than ne hur a day, they might have lwer levels f white matter in their brains. White matter is a key t the develpment f language and reading skills. S it is wise t cut dwn the time f children using all kinds f screens.
Third, using screens t much will affect yur sleep. Accrding t a study, abut 95% f the peple between the ages f 13 and 64 use electrnics befre bed, especially the yung peple under 20. Dctrs say that the light frm thse electrnics at night may make yu excited befre yu g t bed. Then it’s hard fr yu t get enugh sleep. S yu’d better turn ff smartphnes, TVs, and all ther screens an hur befre yur bedtime.
T keep healthy, dctrs and researchers strngly advise that yu shuldn’t use screens fr lng hurs.
11．The blue light frm yur screens can cause ________.
A．eye strainB．headachesC．dry eyesD．all f the abve
12．Accrding t the passage, yu can’t sleep well because yu ________.
A．take a break every 15 minutesB．have lwer levels f white matter
C．use screens t much befre bedD．are the peple frm 13 t 64
13．Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A．Using smartphnes fr lng hurs des harm t yur eyes.
B．A lt f screen time affects children’s brain grwth.
C．The light frm electrnics at night may make yu excited.
D．Peple f all ages mustn’t use electrnics.
14．The underlined “thse electrnics” dn’t include ________.
A．tapesB．smartphnesC．cmputersD．TVs
15．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．The ways t keep healthy.B．The harm f using screens t much.
C．The ways t use screens.D．The advantages f using screens.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Have yu ever been in a bad situatin? Hw wuld yu feel in this case? In fact, everyne has t g thrugh sadness. If smene arund is listening t yu and cmfrting yu, I believe yu will feel much better. Nw, imagine that a rbt cmes t yu and pats (轻拍) yu n the shulder with its hand when yu feel sad. What d yu think abut it?
Scientists recently did research n rbt tuch. They fund that just like human tuch, a tuch frm a rbt can als help peple feel better. The hands f rbts are sft, and they d nt give peple the metallic mechanical (金属机械) feeling. S when cmfrt is needed, perhaps rbts will be a gd chice.
The study asked 48 students t talk with a rbt. The rbt gave them advice n what curses t chse in schl. At the end f the chat, the rbt wuld either pat a student’s hand three times r simply mve its hand tward students in the ther grup. Interestingly, while mst students smiled r even laughed at this mvement at first, nne f them pulled away. Cmpared with the cntrl grup, the students wh were patted felt happier. They als shwed mre interest in the curses suggested by the rbt.
This research shws that the tuch f the rbt can really help humans, especially thse wh live alne. These peple need smene wh can accmpany them r talk t them. Besides, it will be gd fr their mental and physical health. S the technlgy will d the favr. It can persuade (说服) human beings t make sme decisins. Fr example, they can persuade patients t d mre exercise. The finding will help scientists t develp better rbts in the future.
16．Why des the writer begin the text by asking questins?
A．T explain a fact.B．T express agreement.
C．T give pinins.D．T catch readers’ interest.
17．Accrding t Paragraph 2, why can the tuch f a rbt make peple feel better?
A．Because peple like rbts.
B．Because rbts never feel tired.
C．Because the hands f rbts are made sft.
D．Because rbts can give peple the metallic mechanical feeling.
18．Accrding t Paragraph 3, what didn’t the rbt d?
A．It talked with students.B．It gave students advice.
C．It patted students’ hands.D．It smiled r laughed at students.
19．The tuch f the rbt is especially helpful t ________.
A．an utging by wh has lts f friends
B．an ld man wh lives alne
C．a yung girl wh is always happy
D．a wman wh likes t help thers
20．What’s the main idea f the text?
A．Rbts will take the place f humans.
B．Rbts can make us feel better by tuching.
C．Rbts can d smething bad fr peple.
D．Rbts are cleverer than humans.
（2024·山东济南·一模）
21．The inspiratin f creating La’eeb was frm ________.
A．a type f French hatB．a traditinal Arab headdress
C．kinds f psters and tysD．sme super-skilled players
22．What’s the meaning behind the mtt f 2024 Olympics?
A．T get ging nw.B．T enjy freedm.
C．T have teamwrk.D．T chse friends.
23．Which can be prperly put in “ ▲ ” in the text?
A．The Masct Gld Cup WinnersB．A Special Charity fr Nature
C．Cartn Characters Dress fr FunD．Mascts Race t Raise Mney
24．What sprts spirit d An Da and Sai Nu shw?
A．Warmth and happiness.B．Teamwrk and jy.
C．Peace and friendship.D．Health and beauty.
25．In which part f the newspaper can we read the text?
A．The sprts desk.B．Health.C．Travel.D．Peple and animals.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Grwing up, we’ve heard a lt f steretypes (刻板印象) f hw sex (性别) influences interests and jbs. Fr example, bys d math better than girls, while girls are better at learning languages. We usually think this is because f differences in hw bys’ and girls’ brains wrk. But is it true?
Accrding t past studies, sme parts f ur brains can be different in size. Scientists used t think these differences might affect (影响) hw well men and wmen think and d things. They fund this by scanning (扫描) peple’s brains. Hwever, in mst f the studies, researchers nly scanned dzens f peple. As said in a 2022 study, fr such research t be believable, yu wuld need t scan the brains f a few thusand peple at least.
In 2021, the UK Bibank, a big database used fr research, scanned the brains f 40, 000 peple in the UK, prviding new insights (了解). It shwed differences between men and wmen in the size f certain brain parts. Abut ne-third f these parts were fund t be larger in men, while anther third were larger in wmen.
Hwever, these differences were very small, ften just a size difference in percentage. The differences are nt big enugh t frm a cnclusin (结论) frm them, Camille Williams frm the University f Texas at Austin, US, tld New Scientist.
Als, ur brains might change in structure and size accrding t ur life experiences. Fr example, even if a part f a man’s brain, respnsible fr ding math, is larger than that f a wman, it is pssibly because he takes jbs that use math skills. S, any brain differences between men and wmen culd be a result, nt a cause, f different rles in life and sciety, nted New Scientist.
26．What des the writer think f the past studies?
A．Scanning peple’s brains is nt useful.
B．They help peple better understand themselves.
C．Their results are believable.
D．Their sample sizes were t small.
27．What des the study f the UK Bibank find?
A．Only abut 13, 000 peple have different brains.
B．One-third f the brain decides the wner’s strengths.
C．One-third f men have larger brains than wmen.
D．Sme brain parts are different between sexes.
28．What can we learn frm New Scientist?
A．Differences in the brain greatly influence ne’s life.
B．Life experiences can shape a persn’s brain.
C．Men and wmen usually have different interests.
D．The study by UK Bibank will imprve sex guidance.
29．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．Larger brains mean sharper minds.
B．Studies n brain differences by sex.
C．The steretypes f men and wmen.
D．The imprtance f big samples in a study.
30．Where is the passage prbably taken frm?
A．A stry bk.B．A travel guide.C．A science magazine.D．A science fictin.
（2024·山东济南·一模）A few years ag, I did research n mss (苔藓) t make a living. Once I accidentally mentined my jb t my barber, he laughed at me. Then every time I gt my haircut, he culdn’t get past it. My example certainly isn’t a ne-ff situatin. Researchers acrss all fields f science have had similar experiences. But I feel plant scientists are frced t g thrugh such situatins especially regularly.
Many peple ask me why I am nt ding mre “useful” studies—n things like cancer (癌症) r dementia. My answer t their questins is simple. Plant science can help feed the wrld. Millins f peple wrldwide die f hunger every year. It’s nt that we aren’t prducing enugh fd; it’s just that we are wasting a lt f it. Plant science can help t reduce this waste. One example is apples that brwn slwer. They are less likely t be thrwn away. Plants can als help us prtect ur envirnment. They are imprtant in ur fight against climate change. Mrever, discveries in plant science have als paved the way fr studies in many ther areas f science. In shrt, plant science isn’t useless at all.
At an event at a lcal secndary schl, I was surprised t learn that nne f the teenagers aged frm 14 t 15 culd recgnize the rice plant. This perhaps shws the level f interest in plants amng tday’s yung peple. It’s very wrrying. If students aren’t interested in plants, they are unlikely t study them in the future. They will never knw hw imprtant plant science is.
Schls culd and shuld d mre t change their ideas. The Rcket Science campaign (活动) was a great example. It saw six hundred thusand children becme space bilgists. The pupils swed and grew seeds that later spent six mnths n the Internatinal Space Statin. Such events are able t drum up students’ interest in plant science. Unfrtunately, there are t few f them.
Plant science is much mre useful than many peple think. I hpe that mre peple, especially yung students, will take a secnd lk at it.
31．What d we knw accrding t paragraph 1?
A．The barber always laughed at her terrible haircut.
B．Studying mss was the nly way she made a living.
C．Plant scientists are usually lked dwn by thers.
D．Nne f researchers has similar experiences like her.
32．Hw can plant science be useful?
A．By prducing mre kinds f fd.B．By stpping climate change.
C．By treating diseases like cancer.D．By cutting dwn fd waste.
33．What des the underlined wrd “recgnize” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Tell.B．Ck.C．Grw.D．Water.
34．Accrding t paragraph 4, hw can we raise students’ interest in plant science?
A．By giving them great examples.
B．By hlding mre scientific activities.
C．By teaching them hw t grw seeds.
D．By guiding them frm a yung age.
35．Which f the fllwing des the writer prbably advise?
A．Scientists shuld get mre hnr thrugh hard wrk.
B．Scientists are expected t d mre research n medicine.
C．Plant science shuld be mre useful than ther fields f science.
D．Teenagers culd regard plant science as their future dream jb.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Wearable technlgy has changed hw we play, cmmunicate, and track (跟踪) ur health. Althugh it has many useful purpses, the wearable technlgy f tmrrw prmises t be even mre surprising.
Eyeglasses, an inventin f the 13th century, are cnsidered the wrld’s earliest wearable technlgy. Mdern wearable technlgy started t appear arund 2008 with the intrductin f fitness trackers. This frm f wearable technlgy tracks things like yur heart rate and cunts yur steps. Smartwatches came ut several years later. Besides ding the same things as fitness trackers, they als shw yu text messages and allw yu t make calls. Nwadays, yu can even buy smart clthing. Sme f them, fr example, vibrate (振动) whenever yur exercise frm is incrrect.
Wearable technlgy has ther uses, t. It allws peple t play vide games n devices like VR headsets. And peple in the medical industry have develped implantable devices. These devices are placed inside f yur bdy. One example is a pill that sends health infrmatin frm inside yur stmach t a smartphne.
Isn’t all this wearable technlgy tday interesting? If yu think s, yu may find the future f wearable technlgy even mre exciting, such as self-pwered shes. Scientists are develping smart shes. They will use yur bdy as a pwer surce. They cme with batteries that can stre the energy frm yur walking. Walking in these shes wuld be like having a pwer bank n yur feet that charges with every step yu take.
Old wearable technlgy like glasses has helped cuntless peple see better. Tday, things like fitness trackers are changing hw we understand ur bdies. This makes yu wnder: in what ways will future wearable technlgy imprve ur lives?
36．What is the earliest wearable technlgy in the wrld?
A．Smart clthing.B．Eyeglasses.C．Smartwatches.D．VR headsets.
37．What can be the use f fitness trackers?
A．T make phne calls.B．T play vide games.
C．T see things clearly.D．T track the heart rate.
38．What d we knw abut self-pwered shes in paragraph 4?
A．The price f them.B．Hw they wrk.
C．The inventr f them.D．What they lk like.
39．What des the underlined wrd “This” in the last paragraph refer t ?
A．The huge prgress that wearable technlgy has made.
B．The different uses that ld wearable technlgy has.
C．Hw fitness trackers are used in the medical industry.
D．Hw interesting the self-pwered electrnics are.
40．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A stry bk.B．A science magazine.
C．A business ad.D．A mdern pem.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Have yu ever nticed smething arund yu that yu’ve never seen befre? They all came abut because smene invented them. Mst inventins begin with an idea. Smene sees a need r a prblem. Then he r she thinks f an idea t meet that needs r slve the prblem.
But nt all inventins happen n purpse. They may be smething by wrking n an idea and invent smething else by chance. Or an inventr might make a mistake that turns ut t be a gd idea.
Between AD 600 and 900, scientists in ancient China were wrking in a lab when they invented firewrks by accident. They were wrking n an inventin that wuld help peple live frever. They mixed materials tgether like salt, charcal (木炭), and sulphur (硫黄). They put the mixture int pieces f bamb. Then they threw them int a fire. This is hw firewrks were invented.
In 1905, a by named Frank Eppersn left a cup f sda (苏打水) utside all night. It had a wden stick in it. The sda frze in the cld evening. In the mrning, Frank tasted the frzen sda. He shared the frzen sda with his friends. All f them spke highly f his new inventin. It tasted really gd! He called his inventin “Episicle”.
In 1968, scientist Spencer Silver was researching adhesives (黏合剂) when he discvered ne that stuck t things, but culd then be easily taken away. Fr years he tried t find a use fr his inventin. At the same time, anther scientist named Art Fry was singing. He used small pieces f paper t mark the sngs in his bk. He needed bkmarks that wuld stay in place. Silver and Fry discussed their ideas and created the Pst-it nte.
41．Accrding t Paragraph 3, scientists in ancient China were wrking in a lab t ________.
A．invent firewrks
B．invent smething that culd make fire
C．ck sme delicius fd
D．invent smething that wuld help peple live frever
42．Wh invented “Episicle”?
A．Scientists in China.B．Frank Eppersn.C．Spencer Silver.D．Art Fry.
43．What’s the structure (结构) f the text? (Paragraph 1 =①)
A．B．C．D．
44．If the text is fllwed by anther stry, what will the stry prbably be?
A．The Wright brthers invented the airplane.
B．Whitcmb Judsn invented the zipper.
C．Gerge Crum invented ptat chips.
D．Alexander Bell invented the telephne.
45．What’s the best title fr the text?
A．The imprtance f inventinsB．Hw t invent things
C．Sme famus inventrsD．Inventins by accident
（2024·山东济南·一模）
46．Which f the fllwing is NOT TRUE abut lightning?
A．It’s a big flash f electricity.B．It always happens in summer.
C．It happens during a strm.D．It can be dangerus.
47．Hw many suggestins are given when peple are utdrs?
A．Three.B．Fur.C．Five.D．Six.
48．Accrding t the text, we shuld turn ff the fllwing appliances EXCEPT ________.
A．TVsB．fridgesC．cmputersD．the water lap
49．Which picture best describes the Lightning Cruch?
A．B．C．D．
50．What can we learn frm the text?
A．The hard metal rf is nt safe in the lightning.
B．We had better pay mre attentin t the weather reprt utdrs.
C．The frest is a gd place t avid being hurt in a thunderstrm.
D．If yur skin hurts r yur hair stands up, yu’ll be hurt badly by lightning.
（23-24九年级下·山东济南·开学考试）Nrthern Chinese wuld like t eat canned yellw peaches when they are ill. It was “gd medicine” when they were yung.
In the 1970s and 1980s, canned yellw peaches were valuable fd in the nrth. Fr cmmn families, nly when visiting relatives and friends, r during the Spring Festival, culd they have a can (罐). Children frm cmmn families culd nly taste a can f peaches n birthdays and hlidays and when they were sick. When children are sick, they dn’t want t cat much. And they dn’t want t take medicine because f the bad taste. At this time, parents will pen cans f yellw peaches t feed sick children. Over time, this generatin have the habit f feeding yellw peaches t their children when they are ill.
Als, the lder generatin have certain superstitins abut the fruit peach. The ancients believed that peaches culd symblize health and lng life. And “peach” has the same prnunciatin as “escape” in Chinese. S, even if they knw that eating canned yellw peach des nt help treat the children, many parents still feed their children cans during and after their illness, and believe they can escape the pain.
Finally, the canned yellw peach belngs t the “cmfrt fds” f a generatin mre r less. “Cmfrt fds” is a saying that all cuntries have, which can prvide beautiful ld memries. Cmfrt fds can quickly lwer a persn’s stress. In different cuntries, the main cmfrt fds are different: Hungarians eat hney when they are sick. Pakistanis will make a prridge called khichdi. These cmfrt fds are different in taste, but they were fed by parents and families t their children when they were ill. These cmfrt fds, like yellw peach cans, can remind peple f their childhd.
51．Nrthern Chinese children frm cmmn families culd eat cans EXCEPT ________.
A．n weekdaysB．n their birthdaysC．in the days f illnessD．during the Spring Festival
52．Why d parents still feed children cans when they are ill?
A．Because cans have medical effect and treat illness.
B．Because cans make the medicine taste better.
C．Because “peach ” in Chinese carries gd wishes.
D．Because eating cans makes children happy.
53．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is NOT cmfrt fd?
A．Canned yellw peaches.B．Hamburgers.C．Khichdi.D．Hney.
54．What ways are used t develp the last paragraph?
①Giving definitins (定义) ②Telling stries ③Making cmparisns (比较)
④Giving examples
A．①②③B．①②④C．②③④D．①③④
55．What is the purpse f this passage?
A．T questin the superstitins f canned yellw peaches.
B．T ask peple t try the canned yellw peaches smetimes.
C．T advise peple nt t take canned yellw peaches as medicine.
D．T explain nrthern Chinese peple’s lve fr canned yellw peaches.
（23-24九年级上·山东济南·期末）Peple ften hear that there’s n “I” in “team”. It means that althugh everyne is imprtant, we need t wrk with thers t make sure that the team can succeed.
56．Hw many ways are given n hw t wrk with thers in a team?
A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur.D．Five.
57．What des the first methd mainly tell us?
A．It’s necessary t learn hw t speak in frnt f thers.
B．It’s imprtant t shw ur pinins and listen t thers.
C．Jining grup discussin can make us mre cnfident.
D．All the team members shuld be active and independent.
58．Why des the team need t knw the timescale?
A．T discuss the best time t start the task.
B．T listen t thers and make a plan tgether.
C．T understand the given rle and what shuld be dne.
D．T make it clear abut hw lng the task will be finished.
59．Why is it imprtant fr team members t slve prblems in time?
A．T avid difficulties in the future.
B．T imprve persnal skills and abilities.
C．T keep peaceful and friendly in the team.
D．T make persnal interests ver team gals.
60．What is the purpse f writing this text?
A．The writer wants us t learn t wrk as a team.
B．The writer suggests us getting n well with thers.
C．The writer tells us hw t chse ur rles in a team.
D．The writer encurages us t be cnfident abut urselves.
（23-24九年级上·山东济南·期末）Think abut things arund yu when yu get up in the mrning: the alarm clck (闹钟), tthbrush, tilet (坐便器), cffee maker, and shwer heads… ▲ YES! They are all inventins. They cme in all shapes, sizes, and varieties (种类). And their inventrs were frm different backgrunds. Sure, many scientists have made discveries and turned thse discveries int inventins. Hwever, that desn’t mean yu must be a scientist t be an inventr.
We ften hear that necessity is the mther f inventin, and it means that peple ften identify ne f their needs and then try t meet that need. Smetimes the nly way t meet that need is t invent a new prduct!
Think abut all f the musical instruments in the wrld. Nw think f all the prducts that g alng with thse instruments. Instead f scientists, many f thse prducts were invented by musicians. They discvered a need and then invented a prduct t satisfy it. They may have thught scientifically abut the prduct. They may have had help frm a scientist, but many peple have shwn that inventrs can cme frm any backgrund.
Nn-scientific appraches (与科学无关的方法) can help develp new inventins. Althugh thinking scientifically is ften a necessity, it can als be helpful t think ut f the bx. We ften get used t ding things the same way and thinking that sme ideas wn’t wrk, which makes us stp thinking abut new things. But if we keep thinking, we might discver smething amazing. That is why sme inventrs can cme frm a variety f nn-scientific backgrunds. Fr example, a pet (诗人) and an astrnmer (天文学家) bth lk at the sky, but they see it differently. The pet might have ideas abut a prblem the astrnmer wuld never cnsider.
See? Yu dn’t have t be a scientist t be an inventr. Smehw, everyne can invent smething.
61．What’s the best sentence fr ▲ in Paragraph 1?
A．What are these things used fr?B．What can yu d with these things?
C．What d yu lve abut these things?D．What d these things have in cmmn?
62．What des the underlined wrd “identify” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
A．发展B．发掘C．发明D．发现
63．The writer mentined the inventin f musical instruments in rder t shw ________.
①music is imprtant in ur lives. ②necessity is the mther f inventin
③inventins cme frm scientific thinking ④inventrs can be frm different backgrunds
A．①③B．②④C．①④D．②③
64．What des the writer mean by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?
A．It is helpful fr peple t keep thinking.
B．It’s nt imprtant fr peple t think scientifically.
C．Peple need t get used t ding things the same way.
D．Peple need t think abut things in new, different ways.
65．By writing the passage, what may the writer want t tell us?
A．We shuld take a lk at the sky.
B．Inventrs dn’t have t be scientists.
C．It’s nt easy t write a piece f music.
D．We shuld try t slve scientific prblems.
（23-24九年级上·山东济南·期末）Believing in cnfidence!
Imagine this: ne persn tells a lie cnfidently, while anther says smething true in a hesitant vice. Which persn wuld yu trust?
Accrding t British scientist Dean Burnett, humans are far mre likely t believe infrmatin delivered (传达) cnfidently by a cnfident persn r in sme ther ways using cnfident language.
“Humans trusting cnfident peple ver thse wh are mre uncertain is an established phenmenn (已知现象),” wrte Burnett fr Science Fcus magazine. “When tw peple are trying t make a decisin but each persn says different things, cnfidently expressed arguments are seen as delivering better infrmatin, which decides the decisin.”
Why is this the case? As Burnett said, humans are scial animals. In ur ancient past, mst f ur infrmatin abut the wrld came frm ur tribe (部落), in ther wrds, the peple arund us. S, if ancient humans heard smene cnfidently saying: “There’s a tiger cming,” believing what that persn said culd save ur lives.
On a mre persnal level, we use ur wn experiences t understand what ther peple d and say. That’s hw ur brain wrks. When we are cnfident, it’s fr gd reasn. Therefre, we believe that when smene else is being cnfident, they must have gd reasn, t. Hwever, we need t realize that cnfidently delivered infrmatin may be mre persuasive (有说服力的), but that desn’t mean it’s crrect. As Burnett wrte, we are living in a mre and mre cmplex (复杂的) wrld. Trusting very cnfident peple withut checking the facts can lead t “undesirable utcmes (不良后果)”.
66．Which wrd is clsest in meaning t “hesitant” in Paragraph 1?
A．cnfidentB．uncertainC．believableD．cmplex
67．Which f the fllwing is Burnett’s pinin?
A．Cnfident peple are mre likely t be trusted.
B．Uncertain vices are usually wrng.
C．Cnfident peple like t make decisins.
D．Cnfident peple are mre likely t argue with thers.
68．The example in Paragraph 4 is given t shw that .
A．a cnfident persn is usually the leader f a grup
B．a cnfident persn is brave enugh t fight against animals
C．being scial led humans t trust cnfident vices
D．cnfident wrds can raise the unity f a tribe
69．Persnally, we trust cnfident peple because we think .
A．believing cnfident peple raises ur cnfidence
B．cnfident peple usually d things fr gd reasns
C．cnfident peple usually lk experienced
D．cnfident peple express themselves better
70．What is Burnett’s wrry?
A．Peple are t quick t believe what thers say.
B．Infrmatin delivered cnfidently can be misleading.
C．Being cnfident is nt a gd thing.
D．The wrld is becming mre and mre cmplex.
（23-24九年级上·山东济南·期末）Hezhe peple live alng the rivers in the nrtheast f Heilngjiang, China. Tday, Hezhe peple are still mainly living n fishing. They fish and eat fish. They build huses, bats and make clthes with fish skin.
Fish skin prducts are made f the skin f nrthern cld-water fish. The skin f cld-water fish has certain thickness and sftness. Nt all fish skin can be made int clthing. Different fish skin makes different clthing. The wmen f Hezhe peple dry the skin a little and beat it with the wden hammer (锤子) until the skin is sft. And then they make clthes with the st fish skin.
Many ethnic grups (少数民族) in histry had fish skin culture, but frm the Qing Dynasty until nw, nly Hezhe peple kept it. Befre the 1950s, mst Hezhe peple liked t wear clthes made f fish skin, mainly trusers, glves, and lng dresses fr wmen. They wre the clthes t celebrate their all kinds f festivals.
Sme yung peple develp and create mdern fish skin paintings using the traditinal fish skin cutting, s that the ancient fish skin culture extends (扩展) t turism, art and ther fields.
At present, mst f the ld peple wh master the skills f traditinal fish skin have passed away. The ancient skills are dying ut. It is ur duty t save and prtect them.
71．What are Hezhe peple still mainly living n nw?
A．Building huses.B．Building bats.C．Making clthes.D．Fishing.
72．Why are fish skin prducts made f the skin f nrthern cld-water fish?
A．Because f the certain thickness and sftness.
B．Because the fish skin is beautiful.
C．Because the fish skin is cld.
D．Because the fish skin is different.
73．Wh make the clthes with the sft fish skin accrding t the passage?
A．Men.B．Bys.C．Wmen.D．Girls.
74．When did mst Hezhe peple like t wear clthes made f fish skin?
A．Befre the 1940s.B．Befre the 1950s.C．Befre the 1960s.D．Befre the 1970s.
75．What’s the right rder fr Hezhe peple t make clthes with the fish skin?
①beat it with the wden hammer. ②chse suitable type f fish skin.
③make clthes with the sft fish skin. ④dry the skin a little.
A．①③②④B．②③①④C．②④①③D．①④②③
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了学习新东西给工作和生活带来的好处。
1．细节理解题。根据“Incrprate (吸收) a habit f learning smething new int yur daily rutine and enrich yur life with fresh ideas, new peple and inspiratin.”可知，新的想法、新的人和灵感能够丰富你的生活。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“When we learn smething new, we get new experience and skills. It means we deepen ur understanding f the wrld and unleash (释放) ur hidden talent.”可知，我们学习到的新的经验和技能能够让我们加深对世界的理解以及释放隐藏的天赋，此处it代指上句中的“get new experience and skills”。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“I was always t busy t add an additinal pint t my daily schedule. That’s the main reasn why I never had enugh time t read”以及“I’ve learnt that having ne mre task n my t-d list is the best way t structure my daily rutine and imprve my time perceptin (观念). I’ve realized I shuld manage time wisely.”可知，作者总是太忙了所以没有时间阅读，但是作者觉得在自己待办事项清单上多一项任务对自己有帮助，所以可推知作者可能会在自己待办事项清单上加一项阅读的任务。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“New infrmatin prmtes (促进) self-imprvement and persnal grwth…imprve my time perceptin (观念). I’ve realized I shuld manage time wisely…I realize that I’ve met mst f my friends while learning new things and btaining new experiences…Chances are yu’ll find clse friends amng them.”可知，学习新的东西能促进个人的成长、做好时间管理以及遇见可能会成为朋友的一些人，文中没有提到D项“树立一个好榜样”。故选D。
5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了学习新的东西能够带来的好处，因此是与“工作与生活”有关的内容。故选A。
6．C 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了能够帮助到老年人生活的机器人。
6．细节理解题。根据“Scientists frm Washingtn State University invented a rbt. It culd help ld peple with dementia (痴呆) r peple wh have difficulty living by themselves in their wn hmes.”以及“The Rbt Activity Supprt System, r RAS, uses sensrs (传感器) t find ut where its wners are, what they are ding and when they need help with daily activities.”可知，前两段介绍了RAS的发明者、能够帮助的人群以及RAS怎样帮助使用人群的。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据“At present, abut 50% f the adults ver the age f 85 in the US need help with daily activities such as cking meals and taking medicine. The cst fr this help is nearly $2,000 billin every year.”可知，每年花费在帮助85岁以上的人的日常活动的成本将近2万亿元，所以可推知这种帮助是很昂贵的。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据“When the sensrs fund smene was struggling with ne f the things, RAS received a message t help.”可知，是当传感器发现人们做一件事有困难时，会提供帮助。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据“‘When I get lder, I prefer t have ne in my hme.’ Others als thught s.”可知，参加者觉得自己老了会想要一个这样的机器人在家里，可推知他们觉得能够帮助到自己。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。根据“Scientists frm Washingtn State University invented a rbt. It culd help ld peple with dementia (痴呆) r peple wh have difficulty living by themselves in their wn hmes.”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个能够帮助到老年人生活的机器人。故选D。
11．D 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B
【分析】本文主要讲述长时间面对（电子产品的）屏幕对健康的危害。最后呼吁人们不要长时间使用电子产品。
11．细节理解题。根据“the prblem cmes frm the blue light that the screen gives ut. Lking at a smartphne fr a lng time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes.”可知，屏幕的蓝光可能会造成眼疲劳、头疼以及干眼。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据“using screens t much will affect yur sleep.”以及“Dctrs say that the light frm thse electrnics at night may make yu excited befre yu g t bed. Then it’s hard fr yu t get enugh sleep.”可知，睡前面对屏幕太长时间会影响睡眠。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“Lking at a smartphne fr a lng time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes…A new study shws that using screens t much can affect (影响) hw children’s brains grw…the light frm thse electrnics at night may make yu excited befre yu g t bed.”可知，长时间看智能手机对眼睛有害，使用屏幕太长时间影响孩子们的大脑生长，晚上电子产品的光可能会让你兴奋，所以A、B、C选项正确，文中并没有提到所有年龄段的人禁止使用电子产品。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“Dctrs say that the light frm thse electrnics at night may make yu excited befre yu g t bed…S yu’d better turn ff smartphnes, TVs, and all ther screens an hur befre yur bedtime.”可知，文中提到的电子产品是带有屏幕的设备，包括智能手机、电脑和电视。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据“T much screen time may be harmful t yur health.”可知，本文主要介绍了使用电子屏幕太长时间会对身体健康造成的危害。故选B。
16．D 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了机器人的触摸能够帮助人类，对人类的身心健康有好处。
16．细节理解题。根据“Have yu ever been in a bad situatin? Hw wuld yu feel in this case? In fact, everyne has t g thrugh sadness. If smene arund is listening t yu and cmfrting yu, I believe yu will feel much better. Nw, imagine that a rbt cmes t yu and pats yu n the shulder with its hand when yu feel sad. What d yu think abut it?”可知，文章首段提出了几个与人们息息相关的问题，由此可猜测，这些问题是为了引起读者的阅读兴趣。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“The hands f rbts are sft, and they d nt give peple the metallic mechanical feeling.”可知，机器人的手很柔软，可以像人手一样抚慰他人。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“The study asked 48 students t talk with a rbt. The rbt gave them advice n what curses t chse in schl. At the end f the chat, the rbt wuld either pat a student’s hand three times r simply mve its hand tward students in the ther grup.”可知，机器人和学生们交谈，给予学生建议，并拍了学生的手。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据“This research shws that the tuch f the rbt can really help humans, especially thse wh live alne.”可知，研究表示，机器人的触摸对独居的人很有帮助。故选B。
20．主旨大意题。根据“Scientists recently did research n rbt tuch. They fund that just like human tuch, a tuch frm a rbt can als help peple feel better.”可知，本文主要介绍了机器人的触摸能够帮助人类，对人类的身心健康有益。故选B。
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．C 25．A
【分析】本文介绍了吉祥物。
21．细节理解题。根据“La’eeb was inspired by a traditinal Arab headdress.”可知，灵感来自于一种传统的阿拉伯头饰。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“Their mtt (格言) is, ‘Alne we g faster, but tgether we g further.’”可知，是讲究团队精神，故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据“the Masct Gld Cup is a funny, crazy running race fr health. It’s a special charity event that’s held every year. It raises mney”可知，它是一场有趣而疯狂的健康赛跑，是一个特别的慈善筹款活动，每年都会举行。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“and reflect the sprts spirit f peace and friendship”可知，是体现和平友好的精神，故选C。
25．推理判断题。本文介绍了关于体育精神的吉祥物。因此来自于报纸的体育部分，故选A。
26．D 27．D 28．B 29．B 30．C
【分析】本文主要讲述了大脑性别差异的一些研究及其结论。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hwever, in mst f the studies, researchers nly scanned dzens f peple. As said in a 2022 study, fr such research t be believable, yu wuld need t scan the brains f a few thusand peple at least.”可知，作者认为之前研究的样本量太小了。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It shwed differences between men and wmen in the size f certain brain parts.”可知，研究显示，男性和女性在大脑某些部分的大小上存在差异。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Als, ur brains might change in structure and size accrding t ur life experiences.”可知，大脑可能会根据生活经历而改变结构和大小。故选B。
29．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“We usually think this is because f differences in hw bys’ and girls’ brains wrk. But is it true?”，第二段中“Accrding t past studies, sme parts f ur brains can be different in size.”，第三段中“In 2021, the UK Bibank, a big database used fr research, scanned the brains f 40, 000 peple in the UK, prviding new insights (了解).”及最后一段“S, any brain differences between men and wmen culd be a result, nt a cause, f different rles in life and sciety, nted New Scientist.”可知，文章主要讲述了大脑性别差异的研究。故选B。
30．文章出处题。根据文章主要讲述了大脑性别差异的研究可知，文章最有可能来自一本科学杂志。故选C。
31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了植物科学的好处，鼓励人们对植物科学感兴趣。
31．推理判断题。根据“Once I accidentally mentined my jb t my barber, he laughed at me. Then every time I gt my haircut, he culdn’t get past it.”可知作者提到自己的工作时，被人嘲笑了，可推知植物科学家通常被别人轻视。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“Plant science can help t reduce this waste.”可知植物科学可以帮助减少食物浪费。故选D。
33．词义猜测题。根据“I was surprised t learn that nne f the teenagers aged frm 14 t 15 culd recgnize the rice plant. This perhaps shws the level f interest in plants amng tday’s yung peple. It’s very wrrying”可知年轻人对植物不感兴趣，所以他们认不出这种水稻，故此处划线部分和tell意义相近。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“The Rcket Science campaign (活动) was a great example…Such events are able t drum up students’ interest in plant science”可知一些科学活动可以激发学生对植物科学的兴趣。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据“I hpe that mre peple, especially yung students, will take a secnd lk at it.”可知作者希望更多人能重新审视植物科学，可推知作者可能建议青少年可以将植物科学视为他们未来的理想工作。故选D。
36．B 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了可穿戴技术的进步和发展。
36．细节理解题。根据“Eyeglasses, an inventin f the 13th century, are cnsidered the wrld’s earliest wearable technlgy”可知，眼镜发明于13世纪，被认为是世界上最早的可穿戴技术，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“Mdern wearable technlgy started t appear arund 2008 with the intrductin f fitness trackers. This frm f wearable technlgy tracks things like yur heart rate and cunts yur steps”可知，健康追踪器可以追踪你的心率和步数等数据，故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“Scientists are develping smart shes. They will use yur bdy as a pwer surce. They cme with batteries that can stre the energy frm yur walking. Walking in these shes wuld be like having a pwer bank n yur feet that charges with every step yu take.”可知，从中我们了解了智能自供电鞋是如何工作的，故选B。
39．代词指代题。根据“Old wearable technlgy like glasses has helped cuntless peple see better. Tday, things like fitness trackers are changing hw we understand ur bdies. This makes yu wnder: in what ways will future wearable technlgy imprve ur lives?”可知，从老式可穿戴技术帮助无数人看得更清楚，到如今的像健康追踪器这样的东西正在改变我们对身体的理解，这种技术的进步让你想知道：未来的可穿戴技术将在哪些方面改善我们的生活，所以，划线部分的this指的是可穿戴技术的进步和发展，A项表述符合，故选A。
40．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了可穿戴技术的进步和发展，属于科学技术范畴，故选B。
41．D 42．B 43．D 44．C 45．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了烟花、冰冻苏打水和便利贴三种偶然间的发明。
41．细节理解题。根据“They were wrking n an inventin that wuld help peple live frever.”可知，他们在寻求长生之法。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“In 1905, a by named Frank Eppersn left a cup f sda utside all night.”和“He called his inventin ‘Episicle’.”可知，Frank Eppersn发明了Episicle。故选B。
43．篇章结构题。文章首段介绍了生活中的一些发明，第二段说有些发明是意外出现的，第三、四、五段则举出了三个例子。故选D。
44．推理判断题。根据“But nt all inventins happen n purpse.”可知，本文介绍的是偶然间的发明，因此C项“乔治·克拉姆发明了薯片”符合文章内容。故选C。
45．最佳标题题。根据“But nt all inventins happen n purpse. They may be smething by wrking n an idea and invent smething else by chance. Or an inventr might make a mistake that turns ut t be a gd idea.”可知，本文介绍了三种偶然间的发明，因此D项“偶然的发明”最适合做本文的标题。故选D。
46．B 47．C 48．D 49．D 50．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了闪电发生的时候，如何保护自己。
46．细节理解题。根据“Lightning hits mre ften in summer because there are mre strms in summer.”可知，闪电常发生在夏季，但不总是在夏季。故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据“Outdrs”中的5条内容可知，文章一共给出了5条户外建议。故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据“Turn ff appliances including cmputers, fridges and TVs.”可知，闪电发生时要关掉电脑、冰箱和电视等电器。故选D。
49．细节理解题。根据“Cruch dwn lw and curl int a small ball. Put yur hands n yur knees and keep yur head dwn. Try t be as small as yu can, with a very little tuch with the grund.”可知，要蹲下身子，蜷成一个小球。把手放在膝盖上，把头低下去。尽量变小，尽量少接触地面。故选D。
50．推理判断题。根据“Check if thunderstrms are in the weather reprt.”可知，出门时要注意天气预报。故选B。
51．A 52．C 53．B 54．D 55．D
【分析】本文解释了中国北方人生病时喜欢吃黄桃罐头这一习俗的来历。
51．细节理解题。根据“Children frm cmmn families culd nly taste a can f peaches n birthdays and hlidays and when they were sick.”可知，普通家庭的孩子只有在生日、节假日和生病的时候才能吃到一罐桃子，故不包括选项A“在工作日”。故选A。
52．细节理解题。根据“The ancients believed that peaches culd symblize health and lng , even if they knw that eating canned yellw peach des nt help treat the children, many parents still feed their children cans during and after their illness, and believe they can escape the pain.”可知，古人认为桃子象征着健康和长寿，这是一个美好的寓意，所以，即使他们知道吃黄桃罐头对孩子的治疗没有帮助，许多父母仍然在孩子生病期间和之后给他们喂食罐头，并相信他们可以逃避痛苦。故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据“In different cuntries, the main cmfrt fds are different: Hungarians eat hney when they are sick. Pakistanis will make a prridge called khichdi. These cmfrt fds are different in taste, but they were fed by parents and families t their children when they were ill.”和“These cmfrt fds, like yellw peach cans, can remind peple f their childhd.”可知，ACD选项都是安慰食品，B选项不是，故选B。
54．推理判断题。通读最后一段，根据“ ‘Cmfrt fds’ is a saying that…”可知对应“Giving definitins (定义)”；根据“In different cuntries, the main cmfrt fds are different…”可知对应“Making cmparisns (比较) ”；根据“Hungarians eat hney when they are sick. Pakistanis will make a prridge called khichdi.”可知对应“Giving examples”；由此可推知①③④，符合题意。故选D。
55．主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要解释了中国北方人生病时喜欢吃黄桃罐头这一习俗的来历。故选D。
56．C 57．B 58．D 59．C 60．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了团队协作的重要性。
56．细节理解题。根据表格的四栏内容可知，文章关于怎样和别人合作给了四种方法。故选C。
57．细节理解题。根据“While discussing things in a grup, it is imprtant fr students t shw their wn pinins—but they shuld als remember t listen t thers carefully when thers are speaking.”可知，展示自己的观点并倾听他人的意见是很重要的。故选B。
58．推理判断题。根据“The team needs t knw three key pints. First, what is the wrk? Secnd, what is the timescale?”可知，团队需要知道三个关键点，首先，工作是什么，第二，时间表是什么，可推知团队需要知道时间表是为了明确任务需要多长时间才能完成。故选D。
59．细节理解题。根据“Smetimes, there may be difficulties, but it is imprtant t slve prblems in time. When there are clashes (冲突) between persnalities, everyne may need t cmprmise fr the gd f the team.”可知，有时可能会有困难，但及时解决问题很重要，当性格之间发生冲突时，每个人都可能需要为了他人的利益而妥协，即为了在团队中保持和平和友好。故选C。
60．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了团队协作的重要性，作者希望我们学习团队协作。故选A。
61．D 62．D 63．B 64．D 65．B
【分析】本文讲述了需求是发明之母，发明家不一定非得是科学家。
61．推理判断题。根据“YES! They are all inventins.”可知它们都是发明，因此选项D“这些东西有什么共同之处？”符合，故选D。
62．词句猜测题。根据“We ften hear that necessity is the mther f inventin, and it means that peple ften identify ne f their needs and then try t meet that need.”可知我们经常听说，需求是发明之母，这意味着人们经常发现自己的需求之一，然后努力满足那个需求。因此identify是“发现”的意思，故选D。
63．细节理解题。根据“They may have had help frm a scientist, but many peple have shwn that inventrs can cme frm any backgrund.”可知发明家可以来自任何背景；“They discvered a need and then invented a prduct t satisfy it.”可知需求是发明之母。因此是②④，故选B。
64．推理判断题。根据“Althugh thinking scientifically is ften a necessity, it can als be helpful t think ut f the bx”可知虽然科学思考往往是必要的，但跳出框框思考也是有帮助的。因此人们需要用新的、不同的方式来思考事情。故选D。
65．推理判断题。根据“See? Yu dn’t have t be a scientist t be an inventr”可知作者想告诉我们发明家不一定非得是科学家。故选B。
66．B 67．A 68．C 69．B 70．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了人们更倾向于相信自信的人所说的信息，并介绍了有这种现象的原因，但是我们需要意识到自信的信息可能更具有说服力，但并不一定是正确的。在现今复杂的世界中，盲目相信自信的人可能会导致不良后果。
66．词义猜测题。根据“Imagine this: ne persn tells a lie cnfidently, while anther says smething true in a hesitant vice”可知一个人自信地告诉，而另一个人则用犹豫的声音说出了真实的话，故此处划线部分和uncertain意义相近。故选B。
67．细节理解题。根据“humans are far mre likely t believe infrmatin delivered (传达) cnfidently by a cnfident persn r in sme ther ways using cnfident language.”可知人类更有可能相信由自信的人或以其他方式使用自信的语言自信地传递的信息。故选A。
68．推理判断题。根据“Why is this the case? As Burnett said, humans are scial animals...”可知这个例子说明人类是群居动物，这让人们相信更自信的声音。故选C。
69．细节理解题。根据“On a mre persnal level, we use ur wn experiences t understand what ther peple d and say. That’s hw ur brain wrks. When we are cnfident, it’s fr gd reasn.”可知在更私人的层面上，我们用自己的经历来理解别人的言行，当我们有信心的时候，这是有充分理由的。故选B。
70．细节理解题。根据“Trusting very cnfident peple withut checking the facts can lead t ‘undesirable utcmes (不良后果)’.”可知在不核实事实的情况下信任非常自信的人可能会导致“不良结果”。故选B。
71．D 72．A 73．C 74．B 75．C
【分析】本文主要接受了赫哲族人民的鱼皮手艺。
71．细节理解题。根据“Tday, Hezhe peple are still mainly living n fishing.”可知，赫哲人仍然以捕鱼为生，故选D。
72．细节理解题。根据“The skin f cld-water fish has certain thickness and sftness.”可知，冷水鱼的皮肤有一定的厚度和柔软度。故选A。
73．细节理解题。根据“The wmen f Hezhe peple dry the skin a little and beat it with the wden hammer (锤子) until the skin is sft. And then they make clthes with the st fish skin.”可知，赫哲族妇女用鱼皮做衣服。故选C。
74．细节理解题。根据“Befre the 1950s, mst Hezhe peple liked t wear clthes made f fish skin”可知，20世纪50年代以前，赫哲人大多喜欢穿鱼皮做的衣服，故选B。
75．细节理解题。根据“Different fish skin makes different clthing.”可知是选择合适的鱼皮，②排第一位，排除AD；根据“Hezhe peple dry the skin a little and beat it with the wden hammer (锤子) until the skin is sft”可知之后把鱼皮干燥，④排第二位，排除B，故选C。
2022 Wrld Cup Masct (吉祥物)The masct fr Qatar Wrld Cup is La’eeb—an Arabic wrd that means “super-skilled player”. La’eeb encurages everyne t believe in themselves and t get ging nw. It brings the jy f sccer t everyne! La’eeb was inspired by a traditinal Arab headdress. See if yu can find him at matches and n lts f psters, stickers and tys.
2024 Olympic MasctsThe mascts fr the 2024 Olympics and Paralympics in Paris have been made public. They are called the Phryges, and their shapes are inspired by a type f traditinal hat that is seen as a symbl f freedm in France. Their mtt (格言) is, “Alne we g faster, but tgether we g further.”
▲ With peple dressed as a dinsaur, a dg, Pstman Pat and all srts f fun characters, the Masct Gld Cup is a funny, crazy running race fr health. It’s a special charity event that’s held every year. It raises mney fr a charity that supprts families suffering frm (遭受) a life-ending illness r a cnditin that affects a persn’s brain r nervus system. Since the event began in 2005, it has cllected mre than £175, 000 fr the charity.
The masct f the 14th Natinal Winter GamesThe mascts f the 14th Natinal Winter Games are called An Da and Sai Nu. They are based n Mnglian children and the names mean “Hell, friends”. The mascts express the friendly invitatin, warm greetings t guests frm all directins. They carry the best wishes fr the success f the Natinal Winter Games, and reflect the sprts spirit f peace and friendship. They als brught the warm, hspitable, healthy, and happy image f the peple f Inner Mnglia t the peple f the wrld.
Lightning is a big flash f electricity. It happens during a strm.
Lightning hits mre ften in summer because there are mre strms in summer. Lightning can be dangerus. Here are sme suggestins t stay safe.
Outdrs
1. Check if thunderstrms are in the weather reprt.
2. Find a safe place t stay, such as a strng building r a car with a hard rf (车顶).
3. D nt stand under trees that are alne in the middle f a field.
4. D nt stand under tall trees when there are shrter trees clse by.
5. D nt stand near things that are made f metal.
Indrs
1. Clse all the windws and drs.
2. D nt take a shwer. Slay away frm the water.
3. Turn ff appliances including cmputers, fridges and TVs.
The Lightning Cruch (下蹲)
If yu feel yur skin hurts r yur hair stands up, this culd mean yu are abut t be hit by lightning. Get int the “Lightning Cruch”. Cruch dwn lw and curl int a small ball. Put yur hands n yur knees and keep yur head dwn. Try t be as small as yu can, with a very little tuch with the grund. DO NOT LIE ON THE GROUND!
Discussin grups
While discussing things in a grup, it is imprtant fr students t shw their wn pinins—but they shuld als remember t listen t thers carefully when thers are speaking. Such grups are really useful fr thse wh are shrt f self-cnfidence (自信). The grups can als help peple t learn hw t say what they think in frnt f ther peple.
Cmmunicatin
Cmmunicatin with thers in a team is f great imprtance. The team needs t knw three key pints. First, what is the wrk? Secnd, what is the timescale? Third, what is the rle f each learner and what shuld they d?
Taking different rles
In grup wrk, learners ften have certain rles t play. Depending n persnalities (个性), sme peple find their rles mre difficult than thers.
Smetimes, rles can be allcated randmly (随机分配), while at ther times, students may be able t chse their rles in a task.
Cmmitment and cmprmise(投入和妥协)
Everyne in a team shuld wrk hard at the task and give their best wrk, while remembering that they are still parts f a team. Smetimes, there may be difficulties, but it is imprtant t slve prblems in time. When there are clashes (冲突) between persnalities, everyne may need t cmprmise fr the gd f the team.
I was always t busy t add an additinal pint t my daily schedule. That’s the main reasn why I never had enugh time t read and learn new things fr my hbbies. Hwever, I’ve learnt that having ne mre task n my t-d list is the best way t structure my daily rutine and imprve my time perceptin (观念). I’ve realized I shuld manage time wisely. Stp cmplaining that yu dn’t have free time t read. Learn t use yur time mre efficiently s that yu can d things yu want t d.
I realize that I’ve met mst f my friends while learning new things and btaining new experiences. When yu jin an rganizatin r a club, yu are surrunded with like-minded peple and just uncmmn characters. Chances are yu’ll find clse friends amng them.
Develp a habit f learning smething new each day and yu’ll be srry yu didn’t. It can imprve the quality f yur life and helped yu bth prfessinally and persnally. D yu think learning smething new daily is imprtant?
1．What can make ur life rich accrding t Paragraph 1?
A．Daily rutines.B．Everyday activities.
C．New inspiratin.D．Learning chances.
2．What des the underlined wrd “It” refers t in Paragraph 2?
A．Lking fr the key t their achievements.B．Getting new experience and skills.
C．Making us prud.D．Increasing ur self-cnfidence.
3．We can infer frm the passage that the writer ________.
A．is always busy with her habitual everyday rutines
B．believed her persnal grwth was the key t her achievement
C．has prbably added a reading task n her t-d list
D．believe that new peple shuld be intrduced by ld nes
4．The passage tells the fllwing benefits f learning smething new daily except ________.
A．prmting persnal grwthB．learning time management skills
C．meeting new pepleD．setting a gd example
5．In which part f a magazine wuld yu mst prbably read the text?
A．Wrk & Life.B．Science.C．Travel.D．Health.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Scientists frm Washingtn State University invented a rbt. It culd help ld peple with dementia (痴呆) r peple wh have difficulty living by themselves in their wn hmes.
The Rbt Activity Supprt System, r RAS, uses sensrs (传感器) t find ut where its wners are, what they are ding and when they need help with daily activities. It runs arund rms t find peple n its wn and can even lead them t things like medicine r snacks in the kitchen.
At present, abut 50% f the adults ver the age f 85 in the US need help with daily activities such as cking meals and taking medicine. The cst fr this help is nearly $2,000 billin every year. That’s why scientists invented RAS. Scientists did a study t shw hw RAS culd make life easier fr lder adults. In the study, they asked 26 yung participants (参与者) t cmplete three activities in a smart hme with RAS. The participants needed t walk the dg, take medicine and water huse plants. When the sensrs fund smene was struggling with ne f the things, RAS received a message t help. The rbt then used its sensrs t find the persn and prvide help.
When scientists asked the participants abut the rbt, smene said, “When I get lder, I prefer t have ne in my hme.” Others als thught s.
6．Which is NOT mentined abut RAS in the first tw paragraphs?
A．Wh invented it.B．Wh might need it.
C．Hw peple invented it.D．Hw it helps its wners.
7．Which wrd can best describe the help fr the adults abve 85 in the US?
A．Easy.B．Difficult.C．Careless.D．Expensive.
8．When did the rbt prvide help fr the participants in the study?
A．When they frgt t take medicine.B．When they went ut t walk the dg.
C．When they watered the plants t much.D．When they had difficulty ding a thing.
9．What did mst participants think f the rbt?
A．They thught it culd be better.B．They thught it culd help peple a lt.
C．They thught it was nt useful.D．They thught they didn’t need it.
10．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Hme rbts are very ppular.
B．Aging will bring many prblems sn.
C．Old peple will lk after themselves in the future.
D．Smart rbts culd help ld peple live easier.
（2024·山东济南·一模）It might be fun t use yur smartphne, but be careful. T much screen time may be harmful t yur health.
First, it is bad fr yur eyes. A researcher called Sarah Hinkley says the prblem cmes frm the blue light that the screen gives ut. Lking at a smartphne fr a lng time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes. S it is a gd idea t take a break every 15 minutes when yu are wrking at a cmputer r using a smartphne.
Secnd, screen use can d harm t children’s brains. A new study shws that using screens t much can affect (影响) hw children’s brains grw. If children use screens fr mre than ne hur a day, they might have lwer levels f white matter in their brains. White matter is a key t the develpment f language and reading skills. S it is wise t cut dwn the time f children using all kinds f screens.
Third, using screens t much will affect yur sleep. Accrding t a study, abut 95% f the peple between the ages f 13 and 64 use electrnics befre bed, especially the yung peple under 20. Dctrs say that the light frm thse electrnics at night may make yu excited befre yu g t bed. Then it’s hard fr yu t get enugh sleep. S yu’d better turn ff smartphnes, TVs, and all ther screens an hur befre yur bedtime.
T keep healthy, dctrs and researchers strngly advise that yu shuldn’t use screens fr lng hurs.
11．The blue light frm yur screens can cause ________.
A．eye strainB．headachesC．dry eyesD．all f the abve
12．Accrding t the passage, yu can’t sleep well because yu ________.
A．take a break every 15 minutesB．have lwer levels f white matter
C．use screens t much befre bedD．are the peple frm 13 t 64
13．Which f the fllwing is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A．Using smartphnes fr lng hurs des harm t yur eyes.
B．A lt f screen time affects children’s brain grwth.
C．The light frm electrnics at night may make yu excited.
D．Peple f all ages mustn’t use electrnics.
14．The underlined “thse electrnics” dn’t include ________.
A．tapesB．smartphnesC．cmputersD．TVs
15．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．The ways t keep healthy.B．The harm f using screens t much.
C．The ways t use screens.D．The advantages f using screens.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Have yu ever been in a bad situatin? Hw wuld yu feel in this case? In fact, everyne has t g thrugh sadness. If smene arund is listening t yu and cmfrting yu, I believe yu will feel much better. Nw, imagine that a rbt cmes t yu and pats (轻拍) yu n the shulder with its hand when yu feel sad. What d yu think abut it?
Scientists recently did research n rbt tuch. They fund that just like human tuch, a tuch frm a rbt can als help peple feel better. The hands f rbts are sft, and they d nt give peple the metallic mechanical (金属机械) feeling. S when cmfrt is needed, perhaps rbts will be a gd chice.
The study asked 48 students t talk with a rbt. The rbt gave them advice n what curses t chse in schl. At the end f the chat, the rbt wuld either pat a student’s hand three times r simply mve its hand tward students in the ther grup. Interestingly, while mst students smiled r even laughed at this mvement at first, nne f them pulled away. Cmpared with the cntrl grup, the students wh were patted felt happier. They als shwed mre interest in the curses suggested by the rbt.
This research shws that the tuch f the rbt can really help humans, especially thse wh live alne. These peple need smene wh can accmpany them r talk t them. Besides, it will be gd fr their mental and physical health. S the technlgy will d the favr. It can persuade (说服) human beings t make sme decisins. Fr example, they can persuade patients t d mre exercise. The finding will help scientists t develp better rbts in the future.
16．Why des the writer begin the text by asking questins?
A．T explain a fact.B．T express agreement.
C．T give pinins.D．T catch readers’ interest.
17．Accrding t Paragraph 2, why can the tuch f a rbt make peple feel better?
A．Because peple like rbts.
B．Because rbts never feel tired.
C．Because the hands f rbts are made sft.
D．Because rbts can give peple the metallic mechanical feeling.
18．Accrding t Paragraph 3, what didn’t the rbt d?
A．It talked with students.B．It gave students advice.
C．It patted students’ hands.D．It smiled r laughed at students.
19．The tuch f the rbt is especially helpful t ________.
A．an utging by wh has lts f friends
B．an ld man wh lives alne
C．a yung girl wh is always happy
D．a wman wh likes t help thers
20．What’s the main idea f the text?
A．Rbts will take the place f humans.
B．Rbts can make us feel better by tuching.
C．Rbts can d smething bad fr peple.
D．Rbts are cleverer than humans.
（2024·山东济南·一模）
21．The inspiratin f creating La’eeb was frm ________.
A．a type f French hatB．a traditinal Arab headdress
C．kinds f psters and tysD．sme super-skilled players
22．What’s the meaning behind the mtt f 2024 Olympics?
A．T get ging nw.B．T enjy freedm.
C．T have teamwrk.D．T chse friends.
23．Which can be prperly put in “ ▲ ” in the text?
A．The Masct Gld Cup WinnersB．A Special Charity fr Nature
C．Cartn Characters Dress fr FunD．Mascts Race t Raise Mney
24．What sprts spirit d An Da and Sai Nu shw?
A．Warmth and happiness.B．Teamwrk and jy.
C．Peace and friendship.D．Health and beauty.
25．In which part f the newspaper can we read the text?
A．The sprts desk.B．Health.C．Travel.D．Peple and animals.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Grwing up, we’ve heard a lt f steretypes (刻板印象) f hw sex (性别) influences interests and jbs. Fr example, bys d math better than girls, while girls are better at learning languages. We usually think this is because f differences in hw bys’ and girls’ brains wrk. But is it true?
Accrding t past studies, sme parts f ur brains can be different in size. Scientists used t think these differences might affect (影响) hw well men and wmen think and d things. They fund this by scanning (扫描) peple’s brains. Hwever, in mst f the studies, researchers nly scanned dzens f peple. As said in a 2022 study, fr such research t be believable, yu wuld need t scan the brains f a few thusand peple at least.
In 2021, the UK Bibank, a big database used fr research, scanned the brains f 40, 000 peple in the UK, prviding new insights (了解). It shwed differences between men and wmen in the size f certain brain parts. Abut ne-third f these parts were fund t be larger in men, while anther third were larger in wmen.
Hwever, these differences were very small, ften just a size difference in percentage. The differences are nt big enugh t frm a cnclusin (结论) frm them, Camille Williams frm the University f Texas at Austin, US, tld New Scientist.
Als, ur brains might change in structure and size accrding t ur life experiences. Fr example, even if a part f a man’s brain, respnsible fr ding math, is larger than that f a wman, it is pssibly because he takes jbs that use math skills. S, any brain differences between men and wmen culd be a result, nt a cause, f different rles in life and sciety, nted New Scientist.
26．What des the writer think f the past studies?
A．Scanning peple’s brains is nt useful.
B．They help peple better understand themselves.
C．Their results are believable.
D．Their sample sizes were t small.
27．What des the study f the UK Bibank find?
A．Only abut 13, 000 peple have different brains.
B．One-third f the brain decides the wner’s strengths.
C．One-third f men have larger brains than wmen.
D．Sme brain parts are different between sexes.
28．What can we learn frm New Scientist?
A．Differences in the brain greatly influence ne’s life.
B．Life experiences can shape a persn’s brain.
C．Men and wmen usually have different interests.
D．The study by UK Bibank will imprve sex guidance.
29．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．Larger brains mean sharper minds.
B．Studies n brain differences by sex.
C．The steretypes f men and wmen.
D．The imprtance f big samples in a study.
30．Where is the passage prbably taken frm?
A．A stry bk.B．A travel guide.C．A science magazine.D．A science fictin.
（2024·山东济南·一模）A few years ag, I did research n mss (苔藓) t make a living. Once I accidentally mentined my jb t my barber, he laughed at me. Then every time I gt my haircut, he culdn’t get past it. My example certainly isn’t a ne-ff situatin. Researchers acrss all fields f science have had similar experiences. But I feel plant scientists are frced t g thrugh such situatins especially regularly.
Many peple ask me why I am nt ding mre “useful” studies—n things like cancer (癌症) r dementia. My answer t their questins is simple. Plant science can help feed the wrld. Millins f peple wrldwide die f hunger every year. It’s nt that we aren’t prducing enugh fd; it’s just that we are wasting a lt f it. Plant science can help t reduce this waste. One example is apples that brwn slwer. They are less likely t be thrwn away. Plants can als help us prtect ur envirnment. They are imprtant in ur fight against climate change. Mrever, discveries in plant science have als paved the way fr studies in many ther areas f science. In shrt, plant science isn’t useless at all.
At an event at a lcal secndary schl, I was surprised t learn that nne f the teenagers aged frm 14 t 15 culd recgnize the rice plant. This perhaps shws the level f interest in plants amng tday’s yung peple. It’s very wrrying. If students aren’t interested in plants, they are unlikely t study them in the future. They will never knw hw imprtant plant science is.
Schls culd and shuld d mre t change their ideas. The Rcket Science campaign (活动) was a great example. It saw six hundred thusand children becme space bilgists. The pupils swed and grew seeds that later spent six mnths n the Internatinal Space Statin. Such events are able t drum up students’ interest in plant science. Unfrtunately, there are t few f them.
Plant science is much mre useful than many peple think. I hpe that mre peple, especially yung students, will take a secnd lk at it.
31．What d we knw accrding t paragraph 1?
A．The barber always laughed at her terrible haircut.
B．Studying mss was the nly way she made a living.
C．Plant scientists are usually lked dwn by thers.
D．Nne f researchers has similar experiences like her.
32．Hw can plant science be useful?
A．By prducing mre kinds f fd.B．By stpping climate change.
C．By treating diseases like cancer.D．By cutting dwn fd waste.
33．What des the underlined wrd “recgnize” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Tell.B．Ck.C．Grw.D．Water.
34．Accrding t paragraph 4, hw can we raise students’ interest in plant science?
A．By giving them great examples.
B．By hlding mre scientific activities.
C．By teaching them hw t grw seeds.
D．By guiding them frm a yung age.
35．Which f the fllwing des the writer prbably advise?
A．Scientists shuld get mre hnr thrugh hard wrk.
B．Scientists are expected t d mre research n medicine.
C．Plant science shuld be mre useful than ther fields f science.
D．Teenagers culd regard plant science as their future dream jb.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Wearable technlgy has changed hw we play, cmmunicate, and track (跟踪) ur health. Althugh it has many useful purpses, the wearable technlgy f tmrrw prmises t be even mre surprising.
Eyeglasses, an inventin f the 13th century, are cnsidered the wrld’s earliest wearable technlgy. Mdern wearable technlgy started t appear arund 2008 with the intrductin f fitness trackers. This frm f wearable technlgy tracks things like yur heart rate and cunts yur steps. Smartwatches came ut several years later. Besides ding the same things as fitness trackers, they als shw yu text messages and allw yu t make calls. Nwadays, yu can even buy smart clthing. Sme f them, fr example, vibrate (振动) whenever yur exercise frm is incrrect.
Wearable technlgy has ther uses, t. It allws peple t play vide games n devices like VR headsets. And peple in the medical industry have develped implantable devices. These devices are placed inside f yur bdy. One example is a pill that sends health infrmatin frm inside yur stmach t a smartphne.
Isn’t all this wearable technlgy tday interesting? If yu think s, yu may find the future f wearable technlgy even mre exciting, such as self-pwered shes. Scientists are develping smart shes. They will use yur bdy as a pwer surce. They cme with batteries that can stre the energy frm yur walking. Walking in these shes wuld be like having a pwer bank n yur feet that charges with every step yu take.
Old wearable technlgy like glasses has helped cuntless peple see better. Tday, things like fitness trackers are changing hw we understand ur bdies. This makes yu wnder: in what ways will future wearable technlgy imprve ur lives?
36．What is the earliest wearable technlgy in the wrld?
A．Smart clthing.B．Eyeglasses.C．Smartwatches.D．VR headsets.
37．What can be the use f fitness trackers?
A．T make phne calls.B．T play vide games.
C．T see things clearly.D．T track the heart rate.
38．What d we knw abut self-pwered shes in paragraph 4?
A．The price f them.B．Hw they wrk.
C．The inventr f them.D．What they lk like.
39．What des the underlined wrd “This” in the last paragraph refer t ?
A．The huge prgress that wearable technlgy has made.
B．The different uses that ld wearable technlgy has.
C．Hw fitness trackers are used in the medical industry.
D．Hw interesting the self-pwered electrnics are.
40．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A stry bk.B．A science magazine.
C．A business ad.D．A mdern pem.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Have yu ever nticed smething arund yu that yu’ve never seen befre? They all came abut because smene invented them. Mst inventins begin with an idea. Smene sees a need r a prblem. Then he r she thinks f an idea t meet that needs r slve the prblem.
But nt all inventins happen n purpse. They may be smething by wrking n an idea and invent smething else by chance. Or an inventr might make a mistake that turns ut t be a gd idea.
Between AD 600 and 900, scientists in ancient China were wrking in a lab when they invented firewrks by accident. They were wrking n an inventin that wuld help peple live frever. They mixed materials tgether like salt, charcal (木炭), and sulphur (硫黄). They put the mixture int pieces f bamb. Then they threw them int a fire. This is hw firewrks were invented.
In 1905, a by named Frank Eppersn left a cup f sda (苏打水) utside all night. It had a wden stick in it. The sda frze in the cld evening. In the mrning, Frank tasted the frzen sda. He shared the frzen sda with his friends. All f them spke highly f his new inventin. It tasted really gd! He called his inventin “Episicle”.
In 1968, scientist Spencer Silver was researching adhesives (黏合剂) when he discvered ne that stuck t things, but culd then be easily taken away. Fr years he tried t find a use fr his inventin. At the same time, anther scientist named Art Fry was singing. He used small pieces f paper t mark the sngs in his bk. He needed bkmarks that wuld stay in place. Silver and Fry discussed their ideas and created the Pst-it nte.
41．Accrding t Paragraph 3, scientists in ancient China were wrking in a lab t ________.
A．invent firewrks
B．invent smething that culd make fire
C．ck sme delicius fd
D．invent smething that wuld help peple live frever
42．Wh invented “Episicle”?
A．Scientists in China.B．Frank Eppersn.C．Spencer Silver.D．Art Fry.
43．What’s the structure (结构) f the text? (Paragraph 1 =①)
A．B．C．D．
44．If the text is fllwed by anther stry, what will the stry prbably be?
A．The Wright brthers invented the airplane.
B．Whitcmb Judsn invented the zipper.
C．Gerge Crum invented ptat chips.
D．Alexander Bell invented the telephne.
45．What’s the best title fr the text?
A．The imprtance f inventinsB．Hw t invent things
C．Sme famus inventrsD．Inventins by accident
（2024·山东济南·一模）
46．Which f the fllwing is NOT TRUE abut lightning?
A．It’s a big flash f electricity.B．It always happens in summer.
C．It happens during a strm.D．It can be dangerus.
47．Hw many suggestins are given when peple are utdrs?
A．Three.B．Fur.C．Five.D．Six.
48．Accrding t the text, we shuld turn ff the fllwing appliances EXCEPT ________.
A．TVsB．fridgesC．cmputersD．the water lap
49．Which picture best describes the Lightning Cruch?
A．B．C．D．
50．What can we learn frm the text?
A．The hard metal rf is nt safe in the lightning.
B．We had better pay mre attentin t the weather reprt utdrs.
C．The frest is a gd place t avid being hurt in a thunderstrm.
D．If yur skin hurts r yur hair stands up, yu’ll be hurt badly by lightning.
（23-24九年级下·山东济南·开学考试）Nrthern Chinese wuld like t eat canned yellw peaches when they are ill. It was “gd medicine” when they were yung.
In the 1970s and 1980s, canned yellw peaches were valuable fd in the nrth. Fr cmmn families, nly when visiting relatives and friends, r during the Spring Festival, culd they have a can (罐). Children frm cmmn families culd nly taste a can f peaches n birthdays and hlidays and when they were sick. When children are sick, they dn’t want t cat much. And they dn’t want t take medicine because f the bad taste. At this time, parents will pen cans f yellw peaches t feed sick children. Over time, this generatin have the habit f feeding yellw peaches t their children when they are ill.
Als, the lder generatin have certain superstitins abut the fruit peach. The ancients believed that peaches culd symblize health and lng life. And “peach” has the same prnunciatin as “escape” in Chinese. S, even if they knw that eating canned yellw peach des nt help treat the children, many parents still feed their children cans during and after their illness, and believe they can escape the pain.
Finally, the canned yellw peach belngs t the “cmfrt fds” f a generatin mre r less. “Cmfrt fds” is a saying that all cuntries have, which can prvide beautiful ld memries. Cmfrt fds can quickly lwer a persn’s stress. In different cuntries, the main cmfrt fds are different: Hungarians eat hney when they are sick. Pakistanis will make a prridge called khichdi. These cmfrt fds are different in taste, but they were fed by parents and families t their children when they were ill. These cmfrt fds, like yellw peach cans, can remind peple f their childhd.
51．Nrthern Chinese children frm cmmn families culd eat cans EXCEPT ________.
A．n weekdaysB．n their birthdaysC．in the days f illnessD．during the Spring Festival
52．Why d parents still feed children cans when they are ill?
A．Because cans have medical effect and treat illness.
B．Because cans make the medicine taste better.
C．Because “peach ” in Chinese carries gd wishes.
D．Because eating cans makes children happy.
53．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is NOT cmfrt fd?
A．Canned yellw peaches.B．Hamburgers.C．Khichdi.D．Hney.
54．What ways are used t develp the last paragraph?
①Giving definitins (定义) ②Telling stries ③Making cmparisns (比较)
④Giving examples
A．①②③B．①②④C．②③④D．①③④
55．What is the purpse f this passage?
A．T questin the superstitins f canned yellw peaches.
B．T ask peple t try the canned yellw peaches smetimes.
C．T advise peple nt t take canned yellw peaches as medicine.
D．T explain nrthern Chinese peple’s lve fr canned yellw peaches.
（23-24九年级上·山东济南·期末）Peple ften hear that there’s n “I” in “team”. It means that althugh everyne is imprtant, we need t wrk with thers t make sure that the team can succeed.
56．Hw many ways are given n hw t wrk with thers in a team?
A．Tw.B．Three.C．Fur.D．Five.
57．What des the first methd mainly tell us?
A．It’s necessary t learn hw t speak in frnt f thers.
B．It’s imprtant t shw ur pinins and listen t thers.
C．Jining grup discussin can make us mre cnfident.
D．All the team members shuld be active and independent.
58．Why des the team need t knw the timescale?
A．T discuss the best time t start the task.
B．T listen t thers and make a plan tgether.
C．T understand the given rle and what shuld be dne.
D．T make it clear abut hw lng the task will be finished.
59．Why is it imprtant fr team members t slve prblems in time?
A．T avid difficulties in the future.
B．T imprve persnal skills and abilities.
C．T keep peaceful and friendly in the team.
D．T make persnal interests ver team gals.
60．What is the purpse f writing this text?
A．The writer wants us t learn t wrk as a team.
B．The writer suggests us getting n well with thers.
C．The writer tells us hw t chse ur rles in a team.
D．The writer encurages us t be cnfident abut urselves.
（23-24九年级上·山东济南·期末）Think abut things arund yu when yu get up in the mrning: the alarm clck (闹钟), tthbrush, tilet (坐便器), cffee maker, and shwer heads… ▲ YES! They are all inventins. They cme in all shapes, sizes, and varieties (种类). And their inventrs were frm different backgrunds. Sure, many scientists have made discveries and turned thse discveries int inventins. Hwever, that desn’t mean yu must be a scientist t be an inventr.
We ften hear that necessity is the mther f inventin, and it means that peple ften identify ne f their needs and then try t meet that need. Smetimes the nly way t meet that need is t invent a new prduct!
Think abut all f the musical instruments in the wrld. Nw think f all the prducts that g alng with thse instruments. Instead f scientists, many f thse prducts were invented by musicians. They discvered a need and then invented a prduct t satisfy it. They may have thught scientifically abut the prduct. They may have had help frm a scientist, but many peple have shwn that inventrs can cme frm any backgrund.
Nn-scientific appraches (与科学无关的方法) can help develp new inventins. Althugh thinking scientifically is ften a necessity, it can als be helpful t think ut f the bx. We ften get used t ding things the same way and thinking that sme ideas wn’t wrk, which makes us stp thinking abut new things. But if we keep thinking, we might discver smething amazing. That is why sme inventrs can cme frm a variety f nn-scientific backgrunds. Fr example, a pet (诗人) and an astrnmer (天文学家) bth lk at the sky, but they see it differently. The pet might have ideas abut a prblem the astrnmer wuld never cnsider.
See? Yu dn’t have t be a scientist t be an inventr. Smehw, everyne can invent smething.
61．What’s the best sentence fr ▲ in Paragraph 1?
A．What are these things used fr?B．What can yu d with these things?
C．What d yu lve abut these things?D．What d these things have in cmmn?
62．What des the underlined wrd “identify” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
A．发展B．发掘C．发明D．发现
63．The writer mentined the inventin f musical instruments in rder t shw ________.
①music is imprtant in ur lives. ②necessity is the mther f inventin
③inventins cme frm scientific thinking ④inventrs can be frm different backgrunds
A．①③B．②④C．①④D．②③
64．What des the writer mean by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4?
A．It is helpful fr peple t keep thinking.
B．It’s nt imprtant fr peple t think scientifically.
C．Peple need t get used t ding things the same way.
D．Peple need t think abut things in new, different ways.
65．By writing the passage, what may the writer want t tell us?
A．We shuld take a lk at the sky.
B．Inventrs dn’t have t be scientists.
C．It’s nt easy t write a piece f music.
D．We shuld try t slve scientific prblems.
（23-24九年级上·山东济南·期末）Believing in cnfidence!
Imagine this: ne persn tells a lie cnfidently, while anther says smething true in a hesitant vice. Which persn wuld yu trust?
Accrding t British scientist Dean Burnett, humans are far mre likely t believe infrmatin delivered (传达) cnfidently by a cnfident persn r in sme ther ways using cnfident language.
“Humans trusting cnfident peple ver thse wh are mre uncertain is an established phenmenn (已知现象),” wrte Burnett fr Science Fcus magazine. “When tw peple are trying t make a decisin but each persn says different things, cnfidently expressed arguments are seen as delivering better infrmatin, which decides the decisin.”
Why is this the case? As Burnett said, humans are scial animals. In ur ancient past, mst f ur infrmatin abut the wrld came frm ur tribe (部落), in ther wrds, the peple arund us. S, if ancient humans heard smene cnfidently saying: “There’s a tiger cming,” believing what that persn said culd save ur lives.
On a mre persnal level, we use ur wn experiences t understand what ther peple d and say. That’s hw ur brain wrks. When we are cnfident, it’s fr gd reasn. Therefre, we believe that when smene else is being cnfident, they must have gd reasn, t. Hwever, we need t realize that cnfidently delivered infrmatin may be mre persuasive (有说服力的), but that desn’t mean it’s crrect. As Burnett wrte, we are living in a mre and mre cmplex (复杂的) wrld. Trusting very cnfident peple withut checking the facts can lead t “undesirable utcmes (不良后果)”.
66．Which wrd is clsest in meaning t “hesitant” in Paragraph 1?
A．cnfidentB．uncertainC．believableD．cmplex
67．Which f the fllwing is Burnett’s pinin?
A．Cnfident peple are mre likely t be trusted.
B．Uncertain vices are usually wrng.
C．Cnfident peple like t make decisins.
D．Cnfident peple are mre likely t argue with thers.
68．The example in Paragraph 4 is given t shw that .
A．a cnfident persn is usually the leader f a grup
B．a cnfident persn is brave enugh t fight against animals
C．being scial led humans t trust cnfident vices
D．cnfident wrds can raise the unity f a tribe
69．Persnally, we trust cnfident peple because we think .
A．believing cnfident peple raises ur cnfidence
B．cnfident peple usually d things fr gd reasns
C．cnfident peple usually lk experienced
D．cnfident peple express themselves better
70．What is Burnett’s wrry?
A．Peple are t quick t believe what thers say.
B．Infrmatin delivered cnfidently can be misleading.
C．Being cnfident is nt a gd thing.
D．The wrld is becming mre and mre cmplex.
（23-24九年级上·山东济南·期末）Hezhe peple live alng the rivers in the nrtheast f Heilngjiang, China. Tday, Hezhe peple are still mainly living n fishing. They fish and eat fish. They build huses, bats and make clthes with fish skin.
Fish skin prducts are made f the skin f nrthern cld-water fish. The skin f cld-water fish has certain thickness and sftness. Nt all fish skin can be made int clthing. Different fish skin makes different clthing. The wmen f Hezhe peple dry the skin a little and beat it with the wden hammer (锤子) until the skin is sft. And then they make clthes with the st fish skin.
Many ethnic grups (少数民族) in histry had fish skin culture, but frm the Qing Dynasty until nw, nly Hezhe peple kept it. Befre the 1950s, mst Hezhe peple liked t wear clthes made f fish skin, mainly trusers, glves, and lng dresses fr wmen. They wre the clthes t celebrate their all kinds f festivals.
Sme yung peple develp and create mdern fish skin paintings using the traditinal fish skin cutting, s that the ancient fish skin culture extends (扩展) t turism, art and ther fields.
At present, mst f the ld peple wh master the skills f traditinal fish skin have passed away. The ancient skills are dying ut. It is ur duty t save and prtect them.
71．What are Hezhe peple still mainly living n nw?
A．Building huses.B．Building bats.C．Making clthes.D．Fishing.
72．Why are fish skin prducts made f the skin f nrthern cld-water fish?
A．Because f the certain thickness and sftness.
B．Because the fish skin is beautiful.
C．Because the fish skin is cld.
D．Because the fish skin is different.
73．Wh make the clthes with the sft fish skin accrding t the passage?
A．Men.B．Bys.C．Wmen.D．Girls.
74．When did mst Hezhe peple like t wear clthes made f fish skin?
A．Befre the 1940s.B．Befre the 1950s.C．Befre the 1960s.D．Befre the 1970s.
75．What’s the right rder fr Hezhe peple t make clthes with the fish skin?
①beat it with the wden hammer. ②chse suitable type f fish skin.
③make clthes with the sft fish skin. ④dry the skin a little.
A．①③②④B．②③①④C．②④①③D．①④②③
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了学习新东西给工作和生活带来的好处。
1．细节理解题。根据“Incrprate (吸收) a habit f learning smething new int yur daily rutine and enrich yur life with fresh ideas, new peple and inspiratin.”可知，新的想法、新的人和灵感能够丰富你的生活。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“When we learn smething new, we get new experience and skills. It means we deepen ur understanding f the wrld and unleash (释放) ur hidden talent.”可知，我们学习到的新的经验和技能能够让我们加深对世界的理解以及释放隐藏的天赋，此处it代指上句中的“get new experience and skills”。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“I was always t busy t add an additinal pint t my daily schedule. That’s the main reasn why I never had enugh time t read”以及“I’ve learnt that having ne mre task n my t-d list is the best way t structure my daily rutine and imprve my time perceptin (观念). I’ve realized I shuld manage time wisely.”可知，作者总是太忙了所以没有时间阅读，但是作者觉得在自己待办事项清单上多一项任务对自己有帮助，所以可推知作者可能会在自己待办事项清单上加一项阅读的任务。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“New infrmatin prmtes (促进) self-imprvement and persnal grwth…imprve my time perceptin (观念). I’ve realized I shuld manage time wisely…I realize that I’ve met mst f my friends while learning new things and btaining new experiences…Chances are yu’ll find clse friends amng them.”可知，学习新的东西能促进个人的成长、做好时间管理以及遇见可能会成为朋友的一些人，文中没有提到D项“树立一个好榜样”。故选D。
5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了学习新的东西能够带来的好处，因此是与“工作与生活”有关的内容。故选A。
6．C 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了能够帮助到老年人生活的机器人。
6．细节理解题。根据“Scientists frm Washingtn State University invented a rbt. It culd help ld peple with dementia (痴呆) r peple wh have difficulty living by themselves in their wn hmes.”以及“The Rbt Activity Supprt System, r RAS, uses sensrs (传感器) t find ut where its wners are, what they are ding and when they need help with daily activities.”可知，前两段介绍了RAS的发明者、能够帮助的人群以及RAS怎样帮助使用人群的。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据“At present, abut 50% f the adults ver the age f 85 in the US need help with daily activities such as cking meals and taking medicine. The cst fr this help is nearly $2,000 billin every year.”可知，每年花费在帮助85岁以上的人的日常活动的成本将近2万亿元，所以可推知这种帮助是很昂贵的。故选D。
8．细节理解题。根据“When the sensrs fund smene was struggling with ne f the things, RAS received a message t help.”可知，是当传感器发现人们做一件事有困难时，会提供帮助。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据“‘When I get lder, I prefer t have ne in my hme.’ Others als thught s.”可知，参加者觉得自己老了会想要一个这样的机器人在家里，可推知他们觉得能够帮助到自己。故选B。
10．主旨大意题。根据“Scientists frm Washingtn State University invented a rbt. It culd help ld peple with dementia (痴呆) r peple wh have difficulty living by themselves in their wn hmes.”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个能够帮助到老年人生活的机器人。故选D。
11．D 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B
【分析】本文主要讲述长时间面对（电子产品的）屏幕对健康的危害。最后呼吁人们不要长时间使用电子产品。
11．细节理解题。根据“the prblem cmes frm the blue light that the screen gives ut. Lking at a smartphne fr a lng time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes.”可知，屏幕的蓝光可能会造成眼疲劳、头疼以及干眼。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据“using screens t much will affect yur sleep.”以及“Dctrs say that the light frm thse electrnics at night may make yu excited befre yu g t bed. Then it’s hard fr yu t get enugh sleep.”可知，睡前面对屏幕太长时间会影响睡眠。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“Lking at a smartphne fr a lng time can cause eye strain (劳损), headaches and dry eyes…A new study shws that using screens t much can affect (影响) hw children’s brains grw…the light frm thse electrnics at night may make yu excited befre yu g t bed.”可知，长时间看智能手机对眼睛有害，使用屏幕太长时间影响孩子们的大脑生长，晚上电子产品的光可能会让你兴奋，所以A、B、C选项正确，文中并没有提到所有年龄段的人禁止使用电子产品。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“Dctrs say that the light frm thse electrnics at night may make yu excited befre yu g t bed…S yu’d better turn ff smartphnes, TVs, and all ther screens an hur befre yur bedtime.”可知，文中提到的电子产品是带有屏幕的设备，包括智能手机、电脑和电视。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。根据“T much screen time may be harmful t yur health.”可知，本文主要介绍了使用电子屏幕太长时间会对身体健康造成的危害。故选B。
16．D 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了机器人的触摸能够帮助人类，对人类的身心健康有好处。
16．细节理解题。根据“Have yu ever been in a bad situatin? Hw wuld yu feel in this case? In fact, everyne has t g thrugh sadness. If smene arund is listening t yu and cmfrting yu, I believe yu will feel much better. Nw, imagine that a rbt cmes t yu and pats yu n the shulder with its hand when yu feel sad. What d yu think abut it?”可知，文章首段提出了几个与人们息息相关的问题，由此可猜测，这些问题是为了引起读者的阅读兴趣。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“The hands f rbts are sft, and they d nt give peple the metallic mechanical feeling.”可知，机器人的手很柔软，可以像人手一样抚慰他人。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“The study asked 48 students t talk with a rbt. The rbt gave them advice n what curses t chse in schl. At the end f the chat, the rbt wuld either pat a student’s hand three times r simply mve its hand tward students in the ther grup.”可知，机器人和学生们交谈，给予学生建议，并拍了学生的手。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据“This research shws that the tuch f the rbt can really help humans, especially thse wh live alne.”可知，研究表示，机器人的触摸对独居的人很有帮助。故选B。
20．主旨大意题。根据“Scientists recently did research n rbt tuch. They fund that just like human tuch, a tuch frm a rbt can als help peple feel better.”可知，本文主要介绍了机器人的触摸能够帮助人类，对人类的身心健康有益。故选B。
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．C 25．A
【分析】本文介绍了吉祥物。
21．细节理解题。根据“La’eeb was inspired by a traditinal Arab headdress.”可知，灵感来自于一种传统的阿拉伯头饰。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据“Their mtt (格言) is, ‘Alne we g faster, but tgether we g further.’”可知，是讲究团队精神，故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据“the Masct Gld Cup is a funny, crazy running race fr health. It’s a special charity event that’s held every year. It raises mney”可知，它是一场有趣而疯狂的健康赛跑，是一个特别的慈善筹款活动，每年都会举行。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“and reflect the sprts spirit f peace and friendship”可知，是体现和平友好的精神，故选C。
25．推理判断题。本文介绍了关于体育精神的吉祥物。因此来自于报纸的体育部分，故选A。
26．D 27．D 28．B 29．B 30．C
【分析】本文主要讲述了大脑性别差异的一些研究及其结论。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hwever, in mst f the studies, researchers nly scanned dzens f peple. As said in a 2022 study, fr such research t be believable, yu wuld need t scan the brains f a few thusand peple at least.”可知，作者认为之前研究的样本量太小了。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It shwed differences between men and wmen in the size f certain brain parts.”可知，研究显示，男性和女性在大脑某些部分的大小上存在差异。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Als, ur brains might change in structure and size accrding t ur life experiences.”可知，大脑可能会根据生活经历而改变结构和大小。故选B。
29．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“We usually think this is because f differences in hw bys’ and girls’ brains wrk. But is it true?”，第二段中“Accrding t past studies, sme parts f ur brains can be different in size.”，第三段中“In 2021, the UK Bibank, a big database used fr research, scanned the brains f 40, 000 peple in the UK, prviding new insights (了解).”及最后一段“S, any brain differences between men and wmen culd be a result, nt a cause, f different rles in life and sciety, nted New Scientist.”可知，文章主要讲述了大脑性别差异的研究。故选B。
30．文章出处题。根据文章主要讲述了大脑性别差异的研究可知，文章最有可能来自一本科学杂志。故选C。
31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了植物科学的好处，鼓励人们对植物科学感兴趣。
31．推理判断题。根据“Once I accidentally mentined my jb t my barber, he laughed at me. Then every time I gt my haircut, he culdn’t get past it.”可知作者提到自己的工作时，被人嘲笑了，可推知植物科学家通常被别人轻视。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“Plant science can help t reduce this waste.”可知植物科学可以帮助减少食物浪费。故选D。
33．词义猜测题。根据“I was surprised t learn that nne f the teenagers aged frm 14 t 15 culd recgnize the rice plant. This perhaps shws the level f interest in plants amng tday’s yung peple. It’s very wrrying”可知年轻人对植物不感兴趣，所以他们认不出这种水稻，故此处划线部分和tell意义相近。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“The Rcket Science campaign (活动) was a great example…Such events are able t drum up students’ interest in plant science”可知一些科学活动可以激发学生对植物科学的兴趣。故选B。
35．推理判断题。根据“I hpe that mre peple, especially yung students, will take a secnd lk at it.”可知作者希望更多人能重新审视植物科学，可推知作者可能建议青少年可以将植物科学视为他们未来的理想工作。故选D。
36．B 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了可穿戴技术的进步和发展。
36．细节理解题。根据“Eyeglasses, an inventin f the 13th century, are cnsidered the wrld’s earliest wearable technlgy”可知，眼镜发明于13世纪，被认为是世界上最早的可穿戴技术，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“Mdern wearable technlgy started t appear arund 2008 with the intrductin f fitness trackers. This frm f wearable technlgy tracks things like yur heart rate and cunts yur steps”可知，健康追踪器可以追踪你的心率和步数等数据，故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“Scientists are develping smart shes. They will use yur bdy as a pwer surce. They cme with batteries that can stre the energy frm yur walking. Walking in these shes wuld be like having a pwer bank n yur feet that charges with every step yu take.”可知，从中我们了解了智能自供电鞋是如何工作的，故选B。
39．代词指代题。根据“Old wearable technlgy like glasses has helped cuntless peple see better. Tday, things like fitness trackers are changing hw we understand ur bdies. This makes yu wnder: in what ways will future wearable technlgy imprve ur lives?”可知，从老式可穿戴技术帮助无数人看得更清楚，到如今的像健康追踪器这样的东西正在改变我们对身体的理解，这种技术的进步让你想知道：未来的可穿戴技术将在哪些方面改善我们的生活，所以，划线部分的this指的是可穿戴技术的进步和发展，A项表述符合，故选A。
40．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了可穿戴技术的进步和发展，属于科学技术范畴，故选B。
41．D 42．B 43．D 44．C 45．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了烟花、冰冻苏打水和便利贴三种偶然间的发明。
41．细节理解题。根据“They were wrking n an inventin that wuld help peple live frever.”可知，他们在寻求长生之法。故选D。
42．细节理解题。根据“In 1905, a by named Frank Eppersn left a cup f sda utside all night.”和“He called his inventin ‘Episicle’.”可知，Frank Eppersn发明了Episicle。故选B。
43．篇章结构题。文章首段介绍了生活中的一些发明，第二段说有些发明是意外出现的，第三、四、五段则举出了三个例子。故选D。
44．推理判断题。根据“But nt all inventins happen n purpse.”可知，本文介绍的是偶然间的发明，因此C项“乔治·克拉姆发明了薯片”符合文章内容。故选C。
45．最佳标题题。根据“But nt all inventins happen n purpse. They may be smething by wrking n an idea and invent smething else by chance. Or an inventr might make a mistake that turns ut t be a gd idea.”可知，本文介绍了三种偶然间的发明，因此D项“偶然的发明”最适合做本文的标题。故选D。
46．B 47．C 48．D 49．D 50．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了闪电发生的时候，如何保护自己。
46．细节理解题。根据“Lightning hits mre ften in summer because there are mre strms in summer.”可知，闪电常发生在夏季，但不总是在夏季。故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据“Outdrs”中的5条内容可知，文章一共给出了5条户外建议。故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据“Turn ff appliances including cmputers, fridges and TVs.”可知，闪电发生时要关掉电脑、冰箱和电视等电器。故选D。
49．细节理解题。根据“Cruch dwn lw and curl int a small ball. Put yur hands n yur knees and keep yur head dwn. Try t be as small as yu can, with a very little tuch with the grund.”可知，要蹲下身子，蜷成一个小球。把手放在膝盖上，把头低下去。尽量变小，尽量少接触地面。故选D。
50．推理判断题。根据“Check if thunderstrms are in the weather reprt.”可知，出门时要注意天气预报。故选B。
51．A 52．C 53．B 54．D 55．D
【分析】本文解释了中国北方人生病时喜欢吃黄桃罐头这一习俗的来历。
51．细节理解题。根据“Children frm cmmn families culd nly taste a can f peaches n birthdays and hlidays and when they were sick.”可知，普通家庭的孩子只有在生日、节假日和生病的时候才能吃到一罐桃子，故不包括选项A“在工作日”。故选A。
52．细节理解题。根据“The ancients believed that peaches culd symblize health and lng , even if they knw that eating canned yellw peach des nt help treat the children, many parents still feed their children cans during and after their illness, and believe they can escape the pain.”可知，古人认为桃子象征着健康和长寿，这是一个美好的寓意，所以，即使他们知道吃黄桃罐头对孩子的治疗没有帮助，许多父母仍然在孩子生病期间和之后给他们喂食罐头，并相信他们可以逃避痛苦。故选C。
53．细节理解题。根据“In different cuntries, the main cmfrt fds are different: Hungarians eat hney when they are sick. Pakistanis will make a prridge called khichdi. These cmfrt fds are different in taste, but they were fed by parents and families t their children when they were ill.”和“These cmfrt fds, like yellw peach cans, can remind peple f their childhd.”可知，ACD选项都是安慰食品，B选项不是，故选B。
54．推理判断题。通读最后一段，根据“ ‘Cmfrt fds’ is a saying that…”可知对应“Giving definitins (定义)”；根据“In different cuntries, the main cmfrt fds are different…”可知对应“Making cmparisns (比较) ”；根据“Hungarians eat hney when they are sick. Pakistanis will make a prridge called khichdi.”可知对应“Giving examples”；由此可推知①③④，符合题意。故选D。
55．主旨大意题。通读全文，可知文章主要解释了中国北方人生病时喜欢吃黄桃罐头这一习俗的来历。故选D。
56．C 57．B 58．D 59．C 60．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了团队协作的重要性。
56．细节理解题。根据表格的四栏内容可知，文章关于怎样和别人合作给了四种方法。故选C。
57．细节理解题。根据“While discussing things in a grup, it is imprtant fr students t shw their wn pinins—but they shuld als remember t listen t thers carefully when thers are speaking.”可知，展示自己的观点并倾听他人的意见是很重要的。故选B。
58．推理判断题。根据“The team needs t knw three key pints. First, what is the wrk? Secnd, what is the timescale?”可知，团队需要知道三个关键点，首先，工作是什么，第二，时间表是什么，可推知团队需要知道时间表是为了明确任务需要多长时间才能完成。故选D。
59．细节理解题。根据“Smetimes, there may be difficulties, but it is imprtant t slve prblems in time. When there are clashes (冲突) between persnalities, everyne may need t cmprmise fr the gd f the team.”可知，有时可能会有困难，但及时解决问题很重要，当性格之间发生冲突时，每个人都可能需要为了他人的利益而妥协，即为了在团队中保持和平和友好。故选C。
60．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了团队协作的重要性，作者希望我们学习团队协作。故选A。
61．D 62．D 63．B 64．D 65．B
【分析】本文讲述了需求是发明之母，发明家不一定非得是科学家。
61．推理判断题。根据“YES! They are all inventins.”可知它们都是发明，因此选项D“这些东西有什么共同之处？”符合，故选D。
62．词句猜测题。根据“We ften hear that necessity is the mther f inventin, and it means that peple ften identify ne f their needs and then try t meet that need.”可知我们经常听说，需求是发明之母，这意味着人们经常发现自己的需求之一，然后努力满足那个需求。因此identify是“发现”的意思，故选D。
63．细节理解题。根据“They may have had help frm a scientist, but many peple have shwn that inventrs can cme frm any backgrund.”可知发明家可以来自任何背景；“They discvered a need and then invented a prduct t satisfy it.”可知需求是发明之母。因此是②④，故选B。
64．推理判断题。根据“Althugh thinking scientifically is ften a necessity, it can als be helpful t think ut f the bx”可知虽然科学思考往往是必要的，但跳出框框思考也是有帮助的。因此人们需要用新的、不同的方式来思考事情。故选D。
65．推理判断题。根据“See? Yu dn’t have t be a scientist t be an inventr”可知作者想告诉我们发明家不一定非得是科学家。故选B。
66．B 67．A 68．C 69．B 70．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了人们更倾向于相信自信的人所说的信息，并介绍了有这种现象的原因，但是我们需要意识到自信的信息可能更具有说服力，但并不一定是正确的。在现今复杂的世界中，盲目相信自信的人可能会导致不良后果。
66．词义猜测题。根据“Imagine this: ne persn tells a lie cnfidently, while anther says smething true in a hesitant vice”可知一个人自信地告诉，而另一个人则用犹豫的声音说出了真实的话，故此处划线部分和uncertain意义相近。故选B。
67．细节理解题。根据“humans are far mre likely t believe infrmatin delivered (传达) cnfidently by a cnfident persn r in sme ther ways using cnfident language.”可知人类更有可能相信由自信的人或以其他方式使用自信的语言自信地传递的信息。故选A。
68．推理判断题。根据“Why is this the case? As Burnett said, humans are scial animals...”可知这个例子说明人类是群居动物，这让人们相信更自信的声音。故选C。
69．细节理解题。根据“On a mre persnal level, we use ur wn experiences t understand what ther peple d and say. That’s hw ur brain wrks. When we are cnfident, it’s fr gd reasn.”可知在更私人的层面上，我们用自己的经历来理解别人的言行，当我们有信心的时候，这是有充分理由的。故选B。
70．细节理解题。根据“Trusting very cnfident peple withut checking the facts can lead t ‘undesirable utcmes (不良后果)’.”可知在不核实事实的情况下信任非常自信的人可能会导致“不良结果”。故选B。
71．D 72．A 73．C 74．B 75．C
【分析】本文主要接受了赫哲族人民的鱼皮手艺。
71．细节理解题。根据“Tday, Hezhe peple are still mainly living n fishing.”可知，赫哲人仍然以捕鱼为生，故选D。
72．细节理解题。根据“The skin f cld-water fish has certain thickness and sftness.”可知，冷水鱼的皮肤有一定的厚度和柔软度。故选A。
73．细节理解题。根据“The wmen f Hezhe peple dry the skin a little and beat it with the wden hammer (锤子) until the skin is sft. And then they make clthes with the st fish skin.”可知，赫哲族妇女用鱼皮做衣服。故选C。
74．细节理解题。根据“Befre the 1950s, mst Hezhe peple liked t wear clthes made f fish skin”可知，20世纪50年代以前，赫哲人大多喜欢穿鱼皮做的衣服，故选B。
75．细节理解题。根据“Different fish skin makes different clthing.”可知是选择合适的鱼皮，②排第一位，排除AD；根据“Hezhe peple dry the skin a little and beat it with the wden hammer (锤子) until the skin is sft”可知之后把鱼皮干燥，④排第二位，排除B，故选C。
2022 Wrld Cup Masct (吉祥物)The masct fr Qatar Wrld Cup is La’eeb—an Arabic wrd that means “super-skilled player”. La’eeb encurages everyne t believe in themselves and t get ging nw. It brings the jy f sccer t everyne! La’eeb was inspired by a traditinal Arab headdress. See if yu can find him at matches and n lts f psters, stickers and tys.
2024 Olympic MasctsThe mascts fr the 2024 Olympics and Paralympics in Paris have been made public. They are called the Phryges, and their shapes are inspired by a type f traditinal hat that is seen as a symbl f freedm in France. Their mtt (格言) is, “Alne we g faster, but tgether we g further.”
▲ With peple dressed as a dinsaur, a dg, Pstman Pat and all srts f fun characters, the Masct Gld Cup is a funny, crazy running race fr health. It’s a special charity event that’s held every year. It raises mney fr a charity that supprts families suffering frm (遭受) a life-ending illness r a cnditin that affects a persn’s brain r nervus system. Since the event began in 2005, it has cllected mre than £175, 000 fr the charity.
The masct f the 14th Natinal Winter GamesThe mascts f the 14th Natinal Winter Games are called An Da and Sai Nu. They are based n Mnglian children and the names mean “Hell, friends”. The mascts express the friendly invitatin, warm greetings t guests frm all directins. They carry the best wishes fr the success f the Natinal Winter Games, and reflect the sprts spirit f peace and friendship. They als brught the warm, hspitable, healthy, and happy image f the peple f Inner Mnglia t the peple f the wrld.
Lightning is a big flash f electricity. It happens during a strm.
Lightning hits mre ften in summer because there are mre strms in summer. Lightning can be dangerus. Here are sme suggestins t stay safe.
Outdrs
1. Check if thunderstrms are in the weather reprt.
2. Find a safe place t stay, such as a strng building r a car with a hard rf (车顶).
3. D nt stand under trees that are alne in the middle f a field.
4. D nt stand under tall trees when there are shrter trees clse by.
5. D nt stand near things that are made f metal.
Indrs
1. Clse all the windws and drs.
2. D nt take a shwer. Slay away frm the water.
3. Turn ff appliances including cmputers, fridges and TVs.
The Lightning Cruch (下蹲)
If yu feel yur skin hurts r yur hair stands up, this culd mean yu are abut t be hit by lightning. Get int the “Lightning Cruch”. Cruch dwn lw and curl int a small ball. Put yur hands n yur knees and keep yur head dwn. Try t be as small as yu can, with a very little tuch with the grund. DO NOT LIE ON THE GROUND!
Discussin grups
While discussing things in a grup, it is imprtant fr students t shw their wn pinins—but they shuld als remember t listen t thers carefully when thers are speaking. Such grups are really useful fr thse wh are shrt f self-cnfidence (自信). The grups can als help peple t learn hw t say what they think in frnt f ther peple.
Cmmunicatin
Cmmunicatin with thers in a team is f great imprtance. The team needs t knw three key pints. First, what is the wrk? Secnd, what is the timescale? Third, what is the rle f each learner and what shuld they d?
Taking different rles
In grup wrk, learners ften have certain rles t play. Depending n persnalities (个性), sme peple find their rles mre difficult than thers.
Smetimes, rles can be allcated randmly (随机分配), while at ther times, students may be able t chse their rles in a task.
Cmmitment and cmprmise(投入和妥协)
Everyne in a team shuld wrk hard at the task and give their best wrk, while remembering that they are still parts f a team. Smetimes, there may be difficulties, but it is imprtant t slve prblems in time. When there are clashes (冲突) between persnalities, everyne may need t cmprmise fr the gd f the team.
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