专题05 阅读理解（说明文）15篇-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（山东专用）

这是一份专题05 阅读理解（说明文）15篇-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（山东专用），共27页。试卷主要包含了10 in ttal等内容，欢迎下载使用。
“Yur dress lks beautiful.”
“I wn’t spend all the mney n snacks.”
All lies! Mst f us have tld a lie at ne time r anther. Hwever, scientists fund that lying can harm yur brain (大脑). It may stp yu frm ding ther imprtant tasks.
When yu tell the truth, yur brain desn’t have t d any extra (额外的) wrk. But lying takes much mre wrk.
Imagine yu’re late t class. The teacher asks why and yu decide t lie. S yu say: “I picked up a bk frm the library.” Yur teacher asks, “The bk I assigned (布置) last time?” Then yu must decide hw t answer the questin. If yu say yes, the teacher might ask t see the bk. S yu might say: “N.” Nw yu have t think f a bk title. Yu need t make sure it’s a bk the library actually has. See? When yu lie, yur brain wrks a lt mre t keep the lie frm falling apart.
Yu just gave yur brain a lt f extra wrk. An area called the prefrntal crtex (前额皮质) des the wrk. It’s the part in charge f shrt memry. That area als takes care f planning, prblem-slving and self-cntrl.
Using t much brainpwer t lie means there’s less available fr ther things-like slve math prblems. Lying is even harder fr yung peple. The prefrntal crtex is nt fully develped until age 25. S when yung peple are busy with lying, they’ll have a harder time ding ther things, like making study plans r eating a healthy diet. S think twice befre lying next time!
1．What did the scientists find ut abut telling lies?
A．It happens quite ften.B．Mst students have dne it.
C．It is bad fr peple’s brains.D．It’s an imprtant way t prtect neself.
2．What happens t yur brain when yu lie?
A．It wrks mre slwly.B．It has t d sme extra wrk.
C．It ften says yes t thers.D．It becmes better at answering questins.
3．Accrding t the stry, why is it harder fr peple under 25 t tell lies?
A．Because they are nt clever enugh.
B．Because they have t much brainpwer.
C．Because they dn’t have fully grwn brains.
D．Because they are still learning hw t talk t ther peple.
4．What is the best title f the passage?
A．Mre lies, mre wrkB．Lies make us healthy
C．Lies grw with ageD．Lies are difficult
（2023·山东泰安·泰安一中校考二模）A bat and a ball cst $1.10 in ttal. The bat csts l.00 mre than the ball. Hw much des the ball cst?
If yu answered 10 cents, yu are nt alne—mst peple give the same answer（the answer is wrng）. It’s an example f hw we ften depend n intuitive respnses（直觉反应）—answers we feel are true. Peple give answers that “pp int their mind,” says cgnitive scientist Steven Slman. We dn’t spend much time “reflecting and checking whether the answer…is right r wrng.”
The bat and ball questin helps explain why we ften believe in fake（虚假的）news. It is part f human nature t believe, says Slman. But “the trick with fake news is t knw t verify”—in ther wrds, t stp and check what yu knw.
In ne experiment, Slman and a clleague invented a discvery called helium rain. They tld a grup f vlunteers abut it, but they did nt fully explain what it was. They then asked the vlunteers t rate（评等级）their wn understanding f helium rain. Mst vlunteers rated themselves 1 ut f 7, meaning they didn’t understand it.
The researchers then tld anther grup f vlunteers abut the discvery. This time, they said the scientists culd full y explain hw it wrks. The vlunteers gave an average answer f 2. The scientists’ cnfidence gave the vlunteers an increased sense f their wn understanding f it, Slman says.
Accrding t Slman, studies shw that knwledge spreads like a cntagin（接触传染）. This idea can be seen in many fields, including plitics（政治）. “If everyne arund yu is saying they understand why a plitician is dishnest,” Slman Bays, “then yu are ging t start thinking that yu understand, t.”
S, in a wrld where misleading infrmatin is cmmn, is there a way t prtect urselves? “I dn’t think it’s pssible t train persns t check everything that they encunter（遇到）,” Slman admitted. “It is just t human t believe what yu are tld.”
Hwever, training peple t care abut fact-checking is imprtant, he argued, especially in nline cmmunities. Think f the headlines and stries that are shared n yur scial media feed every day. Prbably these fit in with yur wn wrldview—but perhaps nt all f them are true.
“We shuld check things and nt just take them at face value,” Slman said, “Make sure if it is true befre yu believe.”
5．The writer uses the example f the bat and ball questin t shw that ________.
A．peple ften frget skills that they have learned at schl
B．there is ften mre than ne pssible answer t a questin
C．many peple give quick respnses withut thinking carefully
D．peple smetimes are t careless t get the right answers
6．Hw much des the ball cst?
A．5 cent.B．10 cent.C．15 cent.D．20 cent.
7．Mre vlunteers said they culd understand helium rain after ________.
A．sme f the vlunteers explained it t them
B．Slman and his clleague shwed them hw it wrks
C．they heard that scientists culd explain it cnfidently
D．they examined the cnclusin carefully by themselves
8．What des the writer prbably agree?
A．It is imprtant t d an experiment based n scientific research.
B．The secnd grup f vlunteers are mre cnfident than the first.
C．Peple can be cheated easily because f t much fake news.
D．Peple shuld be trained t check befre they believe smething.
（2023·山东泰安·泰安一中校考二模）If yu are jining in chat rm cnversatins, r writing e-mails with net pals（网友）, yu are ne f the millins wh write in a special, shrt frm f English.
Thrughut the wrld, every night children and their elders are “talking” nline—many f them are talking at the same time.
It’s fast: trying talking t six peple nce. It’s easy: three r fur wrds per exchange. It takes cleverness and quick fingers.
And it requires very simple language. There’s neither time nr space fr explanatins. Why waste valuable time telling six friends yu have t leave fr a mment t take care f yur little brther when BRB（=be right back）will d?
Want t enter a cnversatin? Just type PMFJI（=pardn me fr jumping in）.
Interested in whm yu’re talking t? Type A/S/L, the cmmn request（要求）t knw yur pal’s age, sex（性别）and lcatin（地点）. Yu may get 15/M/NY as a reply frm yur pal.
If smething makes yu laugh, say yu’re OTF（=n the flr）, r LOL（=laughing ut lud）, r jin the tw int ROTFL（=rlling n the flr laughing）.
And when it’s time t get back t wrk r g t bed, yu type GTG（=gt t g）r TTYL（=talk t yu later）.
Peple want t write as fast as pssible, and they want t get their ideas acrss as quickly as they can. Capital （大写字母）letters are left in the dust, except when expressing feelings, as it takes mre time t hld dwn the “shift” key and use capitals. Punctuatin（标点）is ging t.
9．The sentence “There’s neither time nr space fr explanatins” means ________.
A．peple shuld use wrds prperly
B．peple shuld cmmunicate in a funny way
C．peple nline can express themselves in a simple way
D．peple shuld knw what time it is when they are talking
10．If yu get 17/F/NY as an answer t yur A/S/L, it means ________.
A．yu are talking t 17 girls wh are frm New Yrk
B．yu are talking t a girl wh is 17 and lives in New Yrk
C．the peple yu are talking t is a 17-ft tall New Yrk girl
D．the peple n the ther end is 17 frm New Yrk and he is fine
11．Which f the fllwing is a way t save nline time?
A．Peple nly use the muse instead f the keybard.
B．Many peple draw pictures instead f typing letters.
C．Peple never use the “shift” key as it takes mre time.
D．Peple seldm use capital letters r punctuatin marks.
（2023·山东德州·统考三模）
Many f us dn’t pay much attentin t the imprtance f eye care. It is said that if yu take care f yur bdy, then yu can surely be healthy. That is why ur eyes shuld be given a lt f care. Natural eye care shuld be put in a number ne place.
There are several causes leading t pr eyesight like nt enugh fd, genes (基因) and aging (老化). Televisins, cmputers and reading are als the causes f having pr eyesight. If yu wrk in frnt f the cmputer, it is best t take a break every nce in a while. Smething dirty can cause redness and they will make yu feel uncmfrtable. It is bad fr yur eyes, t. If this happens, the best way is t clean yur eyes by using cld water. Yu must als try yur best t prtect yur eyes frm harmful things. Fr example, sunglasses are nt just fr fashin but they can als serve as a great way t prtect yur eyesight frm ultravilet rays.
Eating healthy fds will d gd t yur eyesight. Remember that vitamins A, C and E are gd fr eyes. Try t eat fd grups that have these vitamins. And yu shuld d eye exercises because exercise prtects yur eyesight, t. If a persn exercises regularly(定期地) and eats the right kind f fd, his eyes will stay in gd cnditin fr a lng time.
All abve are natural ways f eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. Being happy all the time can be helpful t a persn’s eyesight, t. In a wrd, eye care is very imprtant, n matter hw ld a persn is.
12．________ is the mst imprtant way t prtect ur eyes.
A．Natural eye careB．Taking medicine
C．Seeing the dctrD．Being happy all the time
13．All the fllwing causes can lead t bad eyesight except ________.
A．ageB．heightC．readingD．cmputers
14．. What shuld yu d if yu have t wrk in frnt f the cmputer?
A．Eat healthy fds.B．Clean the eyes by using cld water.
C．Wear a pair f sunglasses.D．Have a rest after wrking fr a while.
15．What d the underlined wrds “ultravilet rays” mean?
A．沙尘B．闪电C．紫外线D．超声波
16．Which is the best title f the passage?
A．Ways f Eye CareB．Ways f Eye Exercises
C．Ways f Being HappyD．Ways f Being Healthy
（2023·山东泰安·统考二模）The red beans grw in suthern land;
Hw many lads（枝条）in spring the trees?
Cllect them till full is yur hand;
They wuld recall sweet memries.
Lve is a ppular theme in Chinese pems. What symbls d yu think best stand fr lve? The heart, rse r chclate? This time we are ging t lk at a classic Chinese pem, Lve Seeds. It was written by Tang Dynasty pet Wang Wei wh had a different understanding f the symbl f lve.
In the first tw lines, the pet expresses his feelings f missing his friend, wh lives in suthern China, by describing the grwth f red beans in spring. In classic Chinese pems, pets prefer t express feelings in an indirect r symblic way. When describing the natural envirnment r shwing sme symbls, Chinese pets always mean mre than what’s described n the surface.
In Chinese culture, red beans are seen as “lve seeds”, which have a strng cultural meaning. Because they are ften hard, cme in a heart shape, and can be stred fr a lng time, thse beans have lng been used as a symbl f lve and lyalty（忠诚）between lvers.
In the last tw lines, the pet wishes his faraway friend t cllect as many red beans as pssible, as the beans will bring back his friend’s memries t the pet.
Instead f shwing lve t thers by directly saying “I miss yu” r using flwery language, this shrt pem can make readers feel deep lve.
17．What’s the Chinese title f the pem Lve Seeds?
A．《相思》B．《梅花》C．《赋别》D．《春晓》
18．In classic Chinese pems, pets express feelings in _______ ways.
A．directB．straightC．symblicD．shrt
19．Hw many features（特点）f the red beans are mentined by the writer?
A．One.B．Tw.C．Three.D．Fur.
20．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Wang Wei is a great pet frm Sng Dynasty.
B．Wang Wei lived in suthern China when writing this pem.
C．Wang Wei thinks red beans are seen as “lve seeds” because f their clr.
D．Wang Wei thinks red beans will bring back his friend’s memries t him.
（2023·山东聊城·统考三模）Since humans sent the first satellite (卫星) t space in the 1950s, scientists have been studying an imprtant tpic: hw t grw fd in space if humans will ne day live there.
A recent experiment at the Tiangng space statin makes a big step frward. Chinese astrnauts have successfully grwn rice seedlings (幼苗) during the Shenzhu XIV missin. “The rice seedlings are grwing very well,” said Zheng Huiqing, a researcher frm the Chinese Academy f Sciences. Since the rice experiment began n July 29, the seedlings f the tall sht rice variety (高杆水稻品种) have reached a height f 30 centimeters. The seedlings f the shrt sht rice variety have grwn t 5 centimeters, China Daily reprted n Aug 30.
While there have been ther rice experiments in space, this ne is the first f its kind t prduce the cmplete life cycle f a plant—it begins with a seed and ends with a mature (成熟) plant prducing new seeds.
Such fd-grwing experiments are nt just fr astrnauts. They can als slve fd prblems n Earth. By sending seeds t space, we can create mutated (突变的) seeds, thanks t micrgravity (微重力), lack f air and csmic rays (宇宙射线). The seeds can then prduce yields (产量) n Earth.
Accrding t Ya Tng, an engineer frm Hainan Aerspace Engineering Breeding Research Center, 30 percent f strawberries sld in Beijing are “space strawberries”, which are as big as eggs. The center has als prduced “space tmates” with yields increased by 30 percent, and “space bananas” with a grwth shrtened frm 13 mnths t 9 mnths.
21．Hw high did the tall sht rice variety grw fr the first mnth?
A．5cm.B．25cm.C．30cm.D．35cm.
22．The underlined wrd “frward” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “________” in Chinese.
A．向前B．向后C．向左D．向右
23．Hw des the current (现在) rice experiment differ frm ther experiments?
A．It ges thrugh a cmplete life cycle.B．Its seedlings are grwing very well.
C．It uses cmpletely new rice varieties.D．Its seedlings have successfully cme up.
24．Why d we grw fd in space?
a. T feed astrnauts. b. T study micrgravity.
c. T increase yields n Earth. d. T research n csmic rays.
A．a bB．b cC．b dD．a c
25．What is the main idea f the last paragraph?
A．Peple are afraid f fd.B．Space planting is benefiting us.
C．Peple will never run ut f fd.D．Space planting has disadvantages.
（2023·山东济宁·济宁学院附属中学校考二模）In the eyes f many freigners, Chinese are the best hsts and the wrst guests in the wrld. They’re nt really bad guests, but because the guest-hst relatinship in China is much different frm in sme western cuntries, it appears they are nt nice guests. And western hst smetimes lk rude (粗鲁的) in the eyes f Chinese guests.
In China, guests are almst like gds. Whenever I enter a Chinese persn’s hme, there is always fruit n the table fr me, and smene is quick t bring me a cup f tea r water. In the west, generally the guest is nt a gd. Acting accrding t the hst’s way f ding things is usual behavir fr a guest.
My wife’s mther, a very kind elderly Chinese lady, desn’t smke. When I see sme f her guests smking in her huse, as a nn-smker, I feel unhappy. Usually I want t stp them directly, but I must realize that in China, t be a gd hst, she must nt d that. In mst Nrth American hmes, if yu are a guest, and the hsts are nt smkers, yu shuld nt smke in their huse. At the very least, yu culd ask. “Is it OK if I smke?” But, dn’t be surprised if they say “N, yu can’t smke.” In ur culture, if yu smke in their hme, yu are a bad guest, but if they d nt allw yu t smke in their huse, they are nt a rude hst.
Guests in China als have special habits. Sme western peple may nt adapt t these habits very sn. Thankfully my wife is Chinese, s whenever we visit a Chinese family she tells me t buy them a gift. Hwever, giving a gift t a hst is nt always necessary in my cuntry. S, if yu invite internatinal guests t yur huse, dn’t be t surprised if they dn’t bring yu a gift.
In China, yu prbably wn’t need t change the guest-hst relatinship very much because yu will prbably nly be the hst, and Chinese are naturally very gd hsts. If western hsts invite yu t their huse, try nt t be t surprised if their style f treating yu is nt what yu have expected.
26．When a western guest visits a Chinese family, he ften ________.
A．buys sme fruitB．wants sme giftsC．feels like a gdD．takes a cup f tea
27．If the writer’s guests want t smke in his huse, what will he prbably say?
A．It’s OK if yu smke here.B．Srry, yu can’t smke here.
C．Let’s smke tgether.D．Smking is a bad habit.
28．What is the meaning f the underlined phrase “adapt t” in the passage?
A．think back tB．keep clse tC．lk frward tD．get used t
29．What is the main idea f this passage?
A．Freigners shuld learn frm Chinese.B．Peple shuld understand cultural differences.
C．Western hsts are always nice t guests.D．Hsts must d things in the guests’ way.
（2023·山东日照·校考一模）Superfast Writing Rbt Tech cmpany has made a pwerful rbt that can write nvels.
Type in “A cat wants t g t space” and ask the rbt t write a bedtime stry. Just ne secnd later, yu’ll get the stry f Max, wh clawed his way past many difficulties t sing amng the stars.
This rbt writer is real. It’s called ChatGPT. US cmpany OpenAI develped it t generate (生成) human-like texts. It can translate languages, talk with peple and write sngs, pems and even jkes. It’s ne f the mst pwerful AI f its kind, with the cmplete writing range (范围) f a real persn!
Peple arund the wrld have tried ChatGPT and psted their results n scial media. Sme used it t write histry papers, sme asked it t take ntes f presentatins, and sme even gt advice n hw t interact (互动) with peple at a party, reprted The Atlantic.
The pwer f ChatGPT lies in its speed and understanding f difficult matters. We may spend hurs researching, understanding and writing an article n the thery f evlutin. But ChatGPT can prduce a well-written ne in secnds. Anther gd thing abut it is that if yu ask dark, harmful questins, such as hw t make weapns (武器), it will nt give yu an answer. ChatGPT cmes alng at a time when AI is becming increasingly able t d creative tasks. The materials they create are difficult t distinguish (区分) frm thse made by humans. This causes many ethical (道德的) issues, such as the issue f (版权) and the real meaning f art. Since the system is largely trained using wrds frm the internet, it can als pick up n the Internet’s biases and steretypes (刻板印象) abut certain grups. These are all the things that depend n humans t slve.
30．The writer uses “the stry f the cat” as an example t ________.
A．shw what creative wrk ChatGPT can d
B．intrduce a cat that wants t g t space
C．intrduce a series f bedtime bks
D．shw hw many stries ChatGPT can create
31．ChatGPT can d the fllwing things except ________.
A．making up human-like textsB．singing sngs t peple
C．writing sngs，pems and even jkesD．prducing a gd article in secnds
32．The underlined wrd “biases” in Para.5 means “________”.
A．印象B．傲慢C．意见D．偏见
33．Which is RIGHT accrding t the passage?
A．US cmpany OpenAI develped ChatGPT t generate animal-like texts.
B．Nbdy asked ChatGPT fr help abut hw t interact with peple at a party.
C．ChatGPT can spend secnds writing a gd article abut the thery f evlutin.
D．ChatGPT is s perfect that there is nthing wrng with it.
34．The last paragraph is mainly abut ________.
A．hw peple will feel abut writing in the future
B．what prblems AI writing can cause
C．the reasns why peple dislike AI writing
D．human effrts in develping AI writing
（2023·山东泰安·统考一模）Have yu ever imagined ging inside f a vide game? That dream may sn becme real. It’s called the “metaverse（元字宙）”.
The metaverse is a shared virtual（虚拟的）3D wrld. The wrd is made up f “meta”, which means beynd, and “verse” which refers t “universe”. The wrd first appeared in a science fictin bk called Snw Crash in 1992. In this stry, peple wear virtual reality（VR）headsets t see and jin the metaverse.
Nw, what happens in the bk is becming a reality. Wearing a VR headset, yu can meet ther peple wherever they are. Yu als can wrk and play with them. It will feel real because the technlgy can simulate（模拟）ur senses: visin, hearing, tuch and even smell.
“The metaverse is abut creating anther reality, anther wrld, which is as rich as the real wrld. S, what can yu d inside the metaverse? Yur lcatin will n lnger matter, ” says VOA News. It means that in the metaverse, peple will be cnnected at all times. Yu can meet friends frm ther cuntries and g n a virtual beach vacatin tgether. Yu can g t the beach n the mn, r anywhere else yu can imagine. Can’t find a friend t play basketball? Jump int the metaverse and find sme friends t play with r g t a cncert!
Cathy Hackl, an expert in metaverse technlgy, said her sn’s first cncert was inside a vide game. “Althugh it happened in a vide game, it didn’t make it less real fr him, ” she said.
Perhaps the metaverse will change ur idea f what is real.

35．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us ________.
A．hw t jin the metaverse
B．what happened in the bk Snw Crash
C．where the wrd “metaverse” cmes frm
D．when the bk Snw Crash came ut
36．The underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph 3 refers t ________.
A．VR headsetsB．ther pepleC．ur sensesD．vide games
37．What is Cathy Hackl’s attitude tward the metaverse? ________
A．The technlgy still needs t be develped.
B．It is nt gd fr kids t jin the metaverse.
C．The metaverse will hardly change ur lives.
D．The metaverse is a different kind f reality.
38．Which can be the best title fr this passage? ________
A．A Virtual 3 D MvieB．Metaverse Is Happening
C．Metaverse in the BksD．Snw Crash
（2023·山东泰安·统考一模）
Tw teams f scientists in Denmark and in the United Kingdm came up with the same questin at abut the same time: Culd they identify（识别）the animals in an area frm DNA that was simply flating in the air?
Testing fr eDNA isn’t a new idea, but mst f the time, scientists lk fr eDNA in water. Neither team knew that the ther grup was wrking n a similar experiment. One cllected samples frm different lcatins at Denmark’s Cpenhagen Z, and the ther did at Hamertn Z Park in the UK. The scientists used slightly different methds t cllect their samples. But basically, bth teams used vacuums（真空吸尘器）and fans t cllect tiny bits f DNA．
In the labratry, cmparing their samples with examples f DNA frm different animals, the scientists were able t identify many different animals at the zs.
The scientists chse t test in zs because they had rare animals nt naturally fund in the area. Each team nly discvered abut the ther experiment after they had written a paper abut their wn results. The tw decided t cmbine（合并）their results and publish a paper tgether.
Bth teams are excited abut the ways this new methd culd be used in the wild. The researchers believe the methd culd help scientists a lt. Scientists have been lking fr better ways t track endangered animals withut interfering（干扰）with them. If researchers knw where animals live, they can d a better jb f prtecting them. The next step is t figure ut hw t take this methd int nature.
39．What can we learn abut “eDNA” frm the passage?
A．It’s nly flating in the air.
B．It’s created by sme researchers.
C．It isn’t fund in the water.
D．It’s left in the envirnment.
40．What is the RIGHT rder fr scientists t d the experiment?
a.Cllect very tiny bits f DNA frm the air.
b.Tell what kinds f plants and animals are in the zs.
c.Enter Denmark’s Cpenhagen Z with vacuums and fans.
d.Cmpare the samples with thers in the labratry.
A．a-b-d-cB．d-b-c-aC．c-a-d-bD．b-a-c-d
41．Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the tw teams f scientists?
A．They used quite different methds.
B．They knew exactly what they were ding at first.
C．They cmpeted against each ther.
D．They wrked tgether t publish a paper.
42．What’s the purpse f writing the last paragraph?
A．T advise scientists t use new ways t d the experiment.
B．T tell us the wrk f bth teams is meaningful.
C．T mentin that the methd f bth teams isn’t perfect.
D．T call peple t prtect endangered animals.
（2023·山东日照·校考二模）The sun is s imprtant that it makes life n ur planet pssible. But hw des the sun d that? It’s the sun’s energy.
Energy frm the sun is called slar energy（太阳能）. It cmes in the frm f light r heat. Peple have used slar energy fr thusands f years. The sun’s energy can be used t heat water and even fd. If yu wn a magnifying glass, yur parents have prbably warned yu nt t leave it in the sun. Slar energy can actually make the magnifying glass burn bjects underneath it causing a fire. This type f energy frm the sun is called slar thermal（热的）energy.
We can als turn the sun’s light int electricity. This is dne with slar panels（板）. Slar panels are made up f a material called silicn（硅）. The silicn is heated and frmed int very thin wafers（晶片）. When the sunlight hits the slar panel, the electrns in the silicn mve and flw thrugh wires（电线）. Using this technlgy, we can run a calculatr and even pwer cars.
But what happens n cludy days? The electrns in the silicn will stp mving, which means the electricity can’t flw. But this desn’t mean that slar energy can nly be used n sunny days. Peple can use the batteries（电池） which are attached t（附着于） slar panels t stre the electricity. S the stred electricity can be used t pwer cars at night r n cludy days.
Did yu knw that slar energy is nt as expensive as it used t be? In fact, in the last few years, slar panels have becme much mre affrdable fr peple t use. Since the sun gives ff mre energy in ne secnd than peple have used, imagine what we culd d if we used the sun’s energy t pwer ur planet.
43．What is the energy frm the sun?
A．Slar energy.B．Wind energy. C．Magnifying glass. D．Batteries.
44．What des the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A．Hw t use slar thermal energy.
B．Hw t turn sunlight int electricity with slar panels.
C．Hw t stre electricity with batteries.
D．Hw t pwer ur planet.
45．What can we use t pwer cars at night accrding t the 4th paragraph?
A．Thin wafers.B．The mnlight.
C．The stred electricity.D．Slar thermal energy.
46．Which f the fllwing statements is NOT TRUE?
A．Slar panels are made up f silicn.
B．Slar energy can be used fr heating fd.
C．Peple have used slar energy fr thusands f years.
D．It csts mre t use slar energy than befre.
（2023·山东日照·校考二模）Think abut what is happening in many families: Kids cme hme, jump nt the sfa, get lst in the wrld f the TV screen and becme cuch ptates. Nw, a new law is making parents take respnsibility fr family educatin t help shape their children’s future.
Called the Law n Family Educatin Prmtin（《家庭教育促进法》）, it is the first f its kind in China and came int effect n January 1st, 2022. It encurages parents and guardians t educate their children prperly.
The law stps parents and guardians frm placing t much pressure n their children. Parents and guardians shuld allw children enugh time t study, rest, play and exercise, and make sure they dn’t becme addicted（上瘾的）t the Internet. They shuld treat all children, whether bys r girls, healthy r disabled, the same way and shuld never use vilence（暴力） twards children.
Fr children f migrant wrkers in rural areas, they may be left alne while their parents g t wrk in cities. The law asks lcal gvernments t keep a clse eye n such families, and help the parents get jbs lcally s that they can be mre respnsible fr their children’s educatin.
Family educatin affects the future f the cuntry, says Sun Hngyan, head f yuth and children research at the China Yuth and Children Research Center. Nw, with the new law, family educatin is n lnger just a family matter but a state ne. Parents wh fail t educate their children prperly might be breaking the law and will be given a warning.
47．Why was the Law n Family Educatin Prmtin made?
A．T call n parents t educate their children prperly.
B．T help kids stay away frm their phnes.
C．T let parents shape their children’s future.
D．T make the first f its kind in China.
48．Accrding t the new law, which f the fallwing is TRUE?
A．Parents shuldn’t place any pressure n their children.
B．Parents shuld encurage their children t take mre nline curses.
C．Parents shuld treat girls and bys in different ways.
D．Parents shuld help their children make gd use f their time.
49．What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．Why there are many left-behind children.
B．Hw lcal gvernments can help left-behind children.
C．What migrant wrkers need t d fr their children.
D．Why lcal gvernments make new laws t help migrant wrkers.
50．Which wrd might best describe family educatin accrding t Sun Hngyan?
A．Imprtant.B．Strict.C．UnfairD．Internatinal.
（2023·山东日照·校考二模）As Xing Chuanfa blew a lively dg ut f mlten maltse（溶化的麦芽糖）in just several minutes, kids lked carefully at him with great surprise, thinking he was a magician.
Xing Chuanfa has been wrking n blwing sugar figurines（雕塑）fr mre than twenty years. In this special art frm, the artist heats the syrup（糖浆）t a certain temperature, pulls ff a small amunt. makes it int a ball with an pen center, presses the pen area tgether and stretches it t frm a tube. Then he blws air int the tube and makes it int different shapes. The traditinal flk art has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产）.
Every mrning, Xing prepares the mlten syrup and drives t start his “magic shw” arund his city. “Many peple, especially kids, are interested in this sugar art. After all, the ancient art is gradually disappearing,” Xing said. Simn, frm Australia, was interested, t. Simn culdn’t resist trying t make ne himself. Hwever, he culdn’t get the wanted shape thugh he tried several times. “It lks simple, but actually it’s very difficult t master the skill,” he said. With Xing’s help, Simn finally saw a hrse gradually taking shape. He culdn’t help expressing his excitement at hw a pt f sugar syrup has been turned int smething amazing.
Xing said that blwing sugar figurines can date back t the Ming Dynasty and that his family has passed dwn this art fr fur generatins. “My 6-year ld sn ften blws up a balln—like sugar figure, just like I used t d as a child.” he said, Xing’s wife Wang Li is an artist f the sugar painting, which is a frm f traditinal Chinese flk art that uses ht, liquid sugar t make 2-D bjects.
“Nne f the cultural heritage left by ur ancestrs shuld be lst. They shuld be spread arund the wrld,” Xing said. The cuple ften shw their skills beside clleges t draw the yung clser t the traditinal art and allw them t experience its charm. “Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhd memries f several generatins f Chinese peple. We try t cmbine paper-cutting skills and mdern elements（元素） with sugar figurines while keeping a balance between beauty and taste. We will spend the rest f ur lives helping pass n this intangible heritage,” Xing said.
51．Which is the crrect rder f making sugar figurines?
a. Making it int a sugar ball.
b. Stretching it t make a tube.
c. Pulling ff sme heated syrup.
d. Blwing air t make different shapes.
A．b-a-c-dB．c-b-a-dC．c-a-b-dD．b-c-a-d
52．What des the underlined wrd “resist” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Be praised by.B．Stp neself frm.
C．Be punished by.D．Remind neself f.
53．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Xing’s sn blws up a hrse with his father’s help.
B．Xing’s wife is als gd at making sugar figurines.
C．Xing tries t add mdern elements t sugar figurines.
D．The Xings visit clleges t teach students their skills.
54．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．A Chinese artist n tasty flk art.B．A new mdern art.
C．A balance between beauty and taste.D．Hw t blw sugar figurines.
（2023·山东日照·校考一模）Every mrning Hannah Griffiths and her wrkmates walked int the rainfrest in the Maliau Basin in Brne, where they had set up a set f experiments t lk at the eclgical effects f small creatures: termites（白蚁）.
Termites are ntrius. They are thught t make a lss f billins f dllars each year in the US because they bite a lt f things. And they are respnsible fr smething like 2% f glbal carbn emissins, simply because f their huge ppulatins and their liking fr chewing thrugh carbn-rich materials. Peple hate them and are trying t kill them.
But they play a key rle in many natural ecsystems. Scientists have knwn fr years that in trpical frests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wd. They help keep the fallen material under cntrl. They let nutrients frm the dead material back int the system t be used by ther plants, insects, and animals. But scientists didn’t knw exactly hw imprtant the insects were in keeping the frest healthy and functinal, s they remved termites frm sme areas f the frest and saw what wuld happen.
Hannah Griffiths and her wrkmates started their experiments. It chanced that the frest was hit by an extreme drught at that time. During the nn-drught years, they saw there was wasn’t much difference between the nrmal places and the nes where they’d remved the termites, but during the drught, the effects were easy t see. What they fund was unexpected: in the termite—rich areas, the sil stayed slightly wet, mre trees seedlings spruted, and the system wrked well during the lng, dry perid.
They culd pick ut the real imprtance f termites t the system nly because they happened t study the drught, Griffiths pinted ut, “And that rings alarm bells in my head,” she said, “because it makes me think: what else dn’t we knw? If we start damaging bilgical cmmunities, what will happen? And what if a species dies ut?”
55．Which f the fllwing best explains “ntrius” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A．Infamus.B．Curius.C．Beautiful.D．Special.
56．What have scientists learned abut termites?
A．They d serius harm t trpical rainfrests.
B．They speed up the lss f nutrients in the rainfrest.
C．They are fd f ther plants, insects and animals.
D．They d smething gd t the ecsystem they live in.
57．Frm the finding f Griffiths’ experiments, we can infer that termites __________.
A．help rainfrests survive the drught
B．enjy eating trees during the drught
C．prefer drught years t nn-drught nes
D．benefit mre frm the rainfrests during the drught
58．Griffiths might want t tell us __________.
A．termites are nw in danger
B．termites damage bilgical cmmunities
C．we shuld think twice befre damaging a species
D．we shuld study the drught t imprve the system
（2023·山东日照·日照市田家炳实验中学校考二模）If English means endless new wrds, difficult grammar and smetimes strange prnunciatin, yu are wrng. Haven’t yu nticed that yu have becme smarter since yu started t learn a language?
Accrding t a new study by a British university, learning a secnd language can lead t an increase in yur brain pwer. Researchers fund that learning ther languages changes grey matter. This is the area f the brain which prcesses infrmatin. It is similar t the way that exercise builds muscles(肌肉).
The study als fund the effect(效果) is greater when the yunger peple learn a secnd language. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, frm University Cllege Lndn, tk a grup f Britns wh nly spke English. They were cmpared with a grup f “early bilinguals” wh had learnt a secnd language befre the age f five, as well as a number f later learners. Scans shwed that grey matter density(密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in peple withut a secnd language. But the lnger a persn waited befre mastering a new language, the smaller the difference. “Our findings suggest that the structure(结构) f the brain is changed by the experience f learning a secnd language,” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability t learn. Prfessr Dylan Vaughan Jnes f the University f Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and math skills. “Having tw languages gives yu tw windws n the wrld and makes the brain mre flexible(灵活的),” he said. “Yu are actually ging beynd language and have a better understanding f different ideas.”
The findings had the same result in a study f native Italian speakers wh had learned English as a secnd language between the ages f tw and thirty-fur. Reading, writing, and cmprehensin were all tested. The results shwed that the yunger they started t learn, the better. “Studying a language means yu get an entrance t anther wrld,” explained the scientists.
59．Frm Paragraph 1 and 2, we can learn that ________.
A．learning a secnd language can make yu smarter
B．grammar is nt very imprtant in learning English
C．yu can start t learn anther language if yu are smart
D．it is best t learn a secnd language in a British university
60．The underlined wrd “bilinguals” in Paragraph 3 mst prbably means ________.
A．peple wh study language learningB．peple wh can speak tw languages
C．languages spken by British pepleD．languages children learn befre five
61．Dr. Andrea Mechelli and his team have fund that ________.
A．it is nt very gd t start learning a language t early
B．it usually takes quite a lng time t master a new language
C．learning a secnd language changes the structure f the brain
D．peple wh dn’t learn a secnd language have n grey matter
62．What’s this passage mainly abut?
A．Language learning and math skills.B．Hw t learn a secnd language well.
C．The imprtance f learning English.D．The gd effect f learning a language.
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了说谎对大脑的伤害以及在说谎时，你的大脑还需要进行更多的额外工作。
1．细节理解题。根据“Hwever, scientists fund that lying can harm yur brain.”可知，科学家们发现说谎会伤害你的大脑，即说谎对你的大脑有害。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“When yu tell the truth, yur brain desn’t have t d any extra wrk. But lying takes much mre wrk.”可知，当你说实话的时候，你的大脑不需要做任何额外的工作，在说谎时你的大脑会做更多额外的工作。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“Lying is even harder fr yung peple. The prefrntal crtex is nt fully develped until age 25.”可知，对于年轻人来说，说谎更加困难因为前额皮质直到 25 岁才完全发育，可推测25岁以下年轻人说谎困难因为他们的前额皮质还没有发育完全，C选项“因为他们没有完全发育的大脑。”与文章相符。故选C。
4．标题归纳题。根据全文通篇主要介绍了说谎对大脑的伤害以及在说谎时，你的大脑还需要进行更多的额外工作，即更多的谎言，更多的工作。故选A。
5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D
【分析】本文通过具体事例讲述了科学家们的发现：人们经常依赖直觉做出反应，而不会花很多时间反思和检查答案是对是错。在现在这样一个网络时代里，培训人们核查事实是很重要的。
5．细节理解题。根据“It’s an example f hw we ften depend n intuitive respnses（直觉反应）—answers we feel are true. Peple give answers that ‘pp int their mind,’”可知，作者用球拍和球的例子告诉我们：人们依赖直觉给出答案，而不会认真思考答案是否正确。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据“A bat and a ball cst $1.10 in ttal. The bat csts l.00 mre than the ball.”可知，一个球棒和一个球总共花费1.10美元。球棒比球贵1美元，那么球是5美分。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“This time, they said the scientists culd full y explain hw it wrks. The vlunteers gave an average answer f 2. The scientists’ cnfidence gave the vlunteers an increased sense f their wn understanding f it, Slman says.”可知，当研究者们说科学家能解释氦雨的时候，很多志愿者觉得自己对氦雨的理解程度增加了。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“Hwever, training peple t care abut fact-checking is imprtant, he argued, especially in nline cmmunities…. Make sure if it is true befre yu believe”可知，我们应训练人们在相信某事之前先进行事实调查。故选D。
9．C 10．B 11．D
【分析】本文主要介绍了在网上聊天的时候，同时和很多人聊天，需要简单的表达方式，作者举了很多例子说明如何运用缩写的方式表达一定的含义。
9．词句猜测题。根据“And it requires very simple language.”可知，“There’s neither time nr space fr explanatins.”的意思是“人们必须用一种简单的方式表达自己”。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据“Type A/S/L, the cmmn request（要求）t knw yur pal’s age, sex（性别）and lcatin”可知，键入A/S/L，通常要求知道你的年龄、性别和位置，所以如果你得到17/F/NY，这意味着你和住在纽约的17岁的女孩交谈。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据“Peple want t write as fast as pssible, and they want t get their ideas acrss as quickly as they can. Capital （大写字母）letters are left in the dust…Punctuatin（标点）is ging t.”可知，人们想要尽可能快地把自己的想法传达出去，于是大写字母和标点符号被丢弃了，由此可知节省上网时间的方式是很少使用大写字母和标点符号。故选D。
12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 16．A
【分析】本文介绍了保护视力的重要性及方法。
12．细节理解题。根据"Natural eye care shuld be put in a number ne place.可知，自然的眼部护理应该放在第一位。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据“There are several causes leading t pr eyesight like nt enugh fd, genes and aging. Televisins, cmputers and reading are als the causes f having pr eyesight.”可知，导致近视的原因有食物摄入不足、基因、年纪、看电视、阅读、玩电脑等问题。B选项“身高”没有提到，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据“If yu wrk in frnt f the cmputer, it is best t take a break every nce in a while.”可知，如果要在电脑前工作，每隔一段时间要休息一下。故选D。
15．词义猜测题。根据“Fr example, sunglasses are nt just fr fashin but they can als serve as a great way t prtect yur eyesight frm ultravilet rays.”可知，太阳镜的功能是防紫外线，故可推断ultravilet rays意为“紫外线”。故选C。
16．标题归纳题。本文介绍了保护视力的重要性及方法。用“Ways f Eye Care”做标题最合适。故选A。
17．A 18．C 19．C 20．D
【分析】本文主要是关于对王维的诗《相思》的赏析。
17．推理判断题。根据“red beans”可知这首诗里面提到了红豆，由此可推断这是王维的《相思》，故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据“In classic Chinese pems, pets prefer t express feelings in an indirect r symblic way.”可知在中国古典诗歌中，诗人喜欢用间接或象征的方式来表达感情，故选C。
19．细节理解题。根据“Because they are ften hard, cme in a heart shape, and can be stred fr a lng time, thse beans have lng been used as a symbl f lve and lyalty（忠诚）between lvers.”可知红豆被认为是“爱情豆”，因为它们通常很硬，呈心形，可以储存很长时间，一共三个特点。故选C。
20．推理判断题。根据“In the last tw lines, the pet wishes his faraway friend t cllect as many red beans as pssible, as the beans will bring back his friend’s memries t the pet.”可知王维认为红豆会勾起诗人对朋友的回忆，D表述正确，故选D。
21．C 22．A 23．A 24．D 25．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国宇航员在神舟十四号任务期间成功培育水稻幼苗，并通过例子说明太空种植使我们受益。
21．细节理解题。根据“Since the rice experiment began n July 29, the seedlings f the tall sht rice variety (高杆水稻品种) have reached a height f 30 centimeters.”可知自7月29日水稻试验开始以来，高杆水稻品种的幼苗已经达到30厘米高。故选C。
22．词义猜测题。根据“Chinese astrnauts have successfully grwn rice seedlings”可知中国成功培育水稻幼苗，所以是向前迈出了一大步。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“While there have been ther rice experiments in space, this ne is the first f its kind t prduce the cmplete life cycle f a plant”可知虽然在太空中还有其他水稻实验，但这是同类实验中第一次产生植物的完整生命周期。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“Such fd-grwing experiments are nt just fr astrnauts. They can als slve fd prblems n seeds can then prduce yields (产量) n Earth”可知在太空中种植食物可以给宇航员提供食物，也可以提高地球上的食物产量，解决地球上的食物问题。故选D。
25．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国宇航员在神舟十四号任务期间成功培育水稻幼苗，并通过例子说明太空种植使我们受益。故选B。
26．C 27．B 28．D 29．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国和西方文化中主人和客人的关系有很大的差异。
26．细节理解题。根据“In China, guests are almst like gds.”可知在中国做客，客人几乎像一个上帝，故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据“In mst Nrth American hmes, if yu are a guest, and the hsts are nt smkers, yu shuld nt smke in their huse. At the very least, yu culd ask. ‘Is it OK if I smke?’ But, dn’t be surprised if they say ‘N, yu can’t smke.’”和“as a nn-smker”可知在大多数北美国家如果主人不吸烟，客人不应该吸烟，至少想吸烟时要经过主人的同意，如果主人不同意也并不意外，而作者是一个不吸烟的人，所以推测如果作者的客人想要吸烟，作者会拒绝，故选B。
28．词义猜测题。think back t回忆起；keep clse t紧靠；lk frward t期待；get used t习惯。根据“Guests in China als have special habits”并结合备选项可猜测这里是说中国的客人也有许多特殊的习惯，一些西方人可能不会很快地习惯，故选D。
29．主旨大意题。根据全文可知文章讲述了东西方关于“客人和主人”文化的不同，故选B。
30．A 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．B
【分析】本文介绍了写作机器人ChatGPT的功能以及它带来的问题。
30．推理判断题。根据“Type in ‘A cat wants t g t space’ and ask the rbt t write a bedtime stry. Just ne secnd later, yu’ll get the stry f Max, wh clawed his way past many difficulties t sing amng the stars.”可知，作者以“猫的故事”为例是想展示ChatGPT可以做什么创造性的工作，故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据“It’s called ChatGPT. US cmpany OpenAI develped it t generate (生成) human-like texts. It can translate languages, talk with peple and write sngs, pems and even jkes.”可知，ChatGPT可以生成类似人类的文本，它可以翻译语言，与人交谈，写歌，写诗，甚至开玩笑。根据“But ChatGPT can prduce a well-written ne in secnds.”可知，ChatGPT可以在几秒钟内写出一篇好文章。因此B项“唱歌给别人听”不包括，故选B。
32．词义猜测题。根据“steretypes (刻板印象) abut certain grups”可知，对某些群体的刻板印象应是偏见，故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据“We may spend hurs researching, understanding and writing an article n the thery f evlutin. But ChatGPT can prduce a well-written ne in secnds.”可知，ChatGPT可以花几秒钟写一篇关于进化论的好文章。故选C。
34．主旨大意题。根据“The materials they create are difficult t distinguish (区分) frm thse made by humans. This causes many ethical (道德的) issues, such as the issue f (版权) and the real meaning f art. Since the system is largely trained using wrds frm the internet, it can als pick up n the Internet’s biases and steretypes (刻板印象) abut certain grups.”可知，他们制造的材料很难与人类制造的材料区分开来，这引起了许多伦理问题，如版权问题和艺术的真正意义。由于该系统主要使用来自互联网的单词进行训练，因此它也可以获取互联网上对某些群体的偏见和刻板印象。这些都是需要人类来解决的问题。因此最后一段主要关于人工智能写作会造成什么问题，故选B。
35．C 36．B 37．D 38．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了“元宇宙”这一概念，它是一个共享的虚拟三维世界， 由“meta”（超越）和“verse”（宇宙）两个词组成。在元宇宙中，人们可以随时相互连接，无论身在何处，可以与来自其他国家的朋友一起度假、打篮球或去听音乐会。元宇宙可能会改变我们对现实的看法。
35．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The metaverse is a shared virtual（虚拟的）3D wrld. The wrd is made up f “meta”, which means beynd, and “verse” which refers t “universe”. The wrd first appeared in a science fictin bk called Snw Crash in1992.（元宇宙是一个共享虚拟的三维世界。这个词由”meta”和”verse”组成，meta指的是超越，verse指的是“宇宙”。这个词首次出现在1992年的一本科幻小说《雪崩》中。）”可知，第2段告诉我们“元宇宙”一词的来源。故选C。
36．词句推测题。根据前句“Wearing a VR headset, yu can meet ther peple wherever they are. Yu als can wrk and play with them.（戴上VR耳机，你可以在任何地方与他人见面。你也可以和他们一起工作和玩耍。）”以及结合选项可知，此处them指的是“其他人”。故选B。
37．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Cathy Hackl, an expert in metaverse technlgy, said her sn’s first cncert was inside a vide game. ‘Althugh it happened in a vide game, it didn’t make it less real fr him, ’” she said.（元宇宙技术专家Cathy Hackl说，她儿子的第一场音乐会是在电子游戏中举行的。她说：“虽然这件事发生在电子游戏中，但对他来说并没有减少真实感。”）可知，Cathy Hackl认为元宇宙是另一种现实。故选D。
38．最佳标题题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Have yu ever imagined ging inside f a vide game? That dream may sn becme real. It’s called the ‘metaverse（元宇宙）’，（你有没有想过走进一个电子游戏里？这个梦想可能很快就会实现，这叫做“元宇宙”。）”以及结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了元宇宙正在发生，正在改变我们的世界和生活，故文章的最佳标题应是“元宇宙正在发生”。故选B。
39．D 40．C 41．D 42．B
【分析】本文主要介绍了科学家研究的一个新办法；通过空气中的DNA来识别动物，并用此来帮助保护濒危动物。
39．细节理解题。根据表格中“Every living thing has DNA that can be used t identify it. They leave bits f DNA behind them wherever they g. DNA left behind like this is called ‘envirnmental’ DNA, r eDNA.（每一种生物都有DNA，可以用来识别它。它们所到之处都会留下DNA片段。像这样留下的DNA被称为环境DNA，或eDNA。）”可知eDNA被留在环境中。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据第三段“The scientists used slightly different methds t cllect their samples.But basically, bth teams used vacuums（真空吸尘器） and fans t cllect tiny bits f DNA.（科学家们使用了略有不同的方法来收集样本。但基本上，两个团队都使用真空吸尘器和风扇来收集DNA的微小片段。）以及第四段 In the labratry, cmparing their samples with examples f DNA frm different animals, the scientists were able t identify many different animals at the zs.（在实验室里，科学家们将他们的样本与来自不同动物的DNA样本进行比较，能够识别出动物园里许多不同的动物。）”可知正确的顺序应为：c-a-d-b。故选C。
41．.细节理解题。根据第五段“The tw decided t cmbine（合并） their results and publish a paper tgether.（两个小组决定把他们的研究结果结合起来，共同发表一篇论文。）可知“两组科学家，合作发表了一篇论文”表述正确。故选D。
42．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scientists have been lking fr better ways t track endangered animals withut interfering（干扰） with them. If researchers knw where animals live, they can d a better jb f prtecting them.（科学家们一直在寻找更好的方法来追踪濒危动物而不干扰它们。如果研究人员知道动物生活在哪里，他们就能更好地保护它们。）”可知写最后一段的目的是告诉我们两个团队的工作是有意义的。故选B。
43．A 44．B 45．C 46．D
【分析】本文主要描述了太阳能的重要性、种类及应用。
43．细节理解题。根据“Energy frm the sun is called slar energy”可知，来自于太阳的能量叫作太阳能。故选A。
44．段落大意题。根据“We can als turn the sun’s light int electricity. This is dne with slar panels”可知，本段主要讲述的如何用太阳能电池板将太阳光转化为电能。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据“S the stred electricity can be used t pwer cars at night r n cludy days.”可知，在晚上，可以用储存的电力为汽车提供动力。故选C。
46．细节理解题。根据“Did yu knw that slar energy is nt as expensive as it used t be?”可知，太阳能没有之前那么贵，选项D表述错误。故选D。
47．A 48．D 49．B 50．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国首部《家庭教育促进法》生效，强调了家庭教育的重要性。
47．细节理解题。根据“It encurages parents and guardians t educate their children prperly.”可知，这项新的法律是鼓励家长和监护人教育好孩子。故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据“Parents and guardians shuld allw children enugh time t study, rest, play and exercise, and make sure they dn’t becme addicted（上瘾的）t the Internet.”可知，父母亲和监护人应该帮助他们的孩子好好利用时间。故选D。
49．段落大意题。根据“The law asks lcal gvernments t keep a clse eye n such families, and help the parents get jbs lcally s that they can be mre respnsible fr their children’s educatin.”可知，当地政府应采取措施帮助留守儿童的父母亲在当地就业，以至于他们能承担起教育孩子的责任，此处讲述当地政府如何帮助留守儿童。故选B。
50．推理判断题。根据“Family educatin affects the future f the cuntry”可知，家庭教育影响着国家的未来，是很重要的，故选A。
51．C 52．B 53．C 54．A
【分析】本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊传发吹糖人的过程，并因此技能吸引了许多人，他希望自己能将这种传统文化继续传承下去。
51．细节理解题。根据“In this special art frm, the artist heats the syrup（糖浆）t a certain temperature, pulls ff a small amunt. makes it int a ball with an pen center, presses the pen area tgether and stretches it t frm a tube. Then he blws air int the tube and makes it int different shapes”可知艺术家将糖浆加热到一定的温度，取出少量，使其成为一个中心开放的球，将开放的区域压在一起，拉伸成一个管状，然后他把空气吹进管子里，把它做成不同的形状。所以顺序是c-a-b-d ，故选C。
52．词义猜测题。根据“Simn, frm Australia, was interested, t.”可知来自澳大利亚的西蒙也很感兴趣，所以他应该是忍不住想自己做一个，所以resist表示“阻止自己”，故选B。
53．细节理解题。根据“We try t cmbine paper-cutting skills and mdern elements（元素） with sugar figurines while keeping a balance between beauty and taste”可知熊尝试将剪纸技巧和现代元素与糖人相结合，故选C。
54．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊传发吹糖人的过程，故选A。
55．A 56．D 57．A 58．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了白蚁每年在美国造成数十亿美元的损失，它们的碳排放量约占全球的2%，人们想要杀死它们。但是科学家做实验表明，白蚁对自然生态系统的作用是不可估量的。
55．词意猜测题。根据“They are thught t make a lss f billins f dllars each year in the US because they bite a lt f things”可知人们认为它们每年在美国造成数十亿美元的损失，因为它们会咬很多东西，所以此处的ntrius是一个贬义词，和infamus“臭名昭著的”同义，故选A。
56．细节理解题。根据“But they play a key rle in many natural ecsystems. Scientists have knwn fr years that in trpical frests, termites chew up fallen leaves and dead wd. They help keep the fallen material under cntrl.”可知科学家们已经了解到白蚁对所生活的生态系统有好处。故选D。
57．推理判断题。根据“What they fund was unexpected: in the termite—rich areas, the sil stayed slightly wet, mre trees seedlings spruted, and the system wrked well during the lng, dry perid.”可知我们可以推断白蚁帮助雨林在干旱中生存。故选A。
58．推理判断题。根据最后一段，尤其是“If we start damaging bilgical cmmunities, what will happen? And what if a species dies ut?”可知，Griffiths在最后一段告诉我们在破坏一个物种之前，我们应该三思而后行。故选C。
59．A 60．B 61．C 62．D
【分析】本文介绍了第二语言的学习。研究表明，第二语言学习可以让你的大脑更灵活，学习第二语言的时间越早，就学得越好，学习两门语言会使你更聪明，对你学习其他学科有帮助。
59．推理判断题。根据“Accrding t a new study by a British university, learning a secnd language can lead t an increase in yur brain pwer.”可知学习第二语言可以让你更聪明。故选A。
60．词义猜测题。根据“wh had learnt a secnd language befre the age f five”（五岁以前学过第二语言）可知此处应该是：他们用一组“早期双语者”进行比较。故选B。
61．细节理解题。根据“Our findings suggest that the structure(结构) f the brain is changed by the experience f learning a secnd language”可知学习第二语言会改变大脑的结构。故选C。
62．主旨大意题。根据“Studying a language means yu get an entrance t anther wrld”以及短文内容可知，本文介绍了学习语言的好处。故选D。
DNA and eDNA
Every living thing has DNA that can be used t identify it. They leave bits f DNA behind them wherever they g. DNA left behind like this is called “envirnmental” DNA, r eDNA．Scientists can use it t tell what kinds f animals are in a certain place.