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2024届重庆市涪陵第五中学校高三下学期第一次适应性考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份2024届重庆市涪陵第五中学校高三下学期第一次适应性考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含2024届重庆市涪陵第五中学校高三下学期第一次适应性考试英语试题原卷版docx、2024届重庆市涪陵第五中学校高三下学期第一次适应性考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号（或条形码）填写（粘贴）在答题卡规定的位置上。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： Hw much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.15. C. £ 9.18.
答案是B。
1. Why is the man surprised?
A. He isn't in Lndn in autumn.
B. He missed the best seasn in Lndn.
C. He desn't see a fggy Lndn.
2. What is mst prbably the man?
A. A librarian. B. An advisr. C. A researcher.
3. Hw will the wman g arund the city?
A. By taxi. B. On ft. C. By subway.
4. Where will the wman mst prbably spend the evening?
A. Out f twn. B. At hme. C. At the theatre.
5. What will the wman d?
A. Phne the ther ffice. B. Wait in anther ffice. C. G back t her ffice.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What des the man like t d this evening?
A. Watch TV. B. Hld a party. C. G t the cinema
7. When will the cmpany party end?
A. At 5:30. B. At 7:30. C. At 8:00.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Rmmates, B. Brther and sister. C. Schl friends.
9. Hw many teachers have been invited?
A. 5. B. 10. C. 15.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What is the father like?
A. Brave. B. Cruel. C. Thughtful.
11. Why des the father disagree t have a break?
A. Because he is nt tired at all
B. Because he knws the girl is brave.
C. Because he desn't want thers t wait.
12. What happened in the end?
A. The girl brke her left leg.
B. The father fell int the field.
C. The girl brke the flwers.
13. What are the tw speakers ding nw?
A. They're walking hme in the field.
B. They're talking abut their family.
C. They're training fr the sprts meet.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What curse des the man want t sign up fr?
A. A grup class. B. An nline curse. C. A daytime curse.
15. What shuld the man d befre signing up fr his curse?
A Have a trial class. B. Have an interview. C. Meet the lady again.
16. What des the man want t take hme?
A. A textbk. B. A schedule. C. A brchure.
17. What is the wman's jb?
A. T teach English.
B. T receive wuld-be students.
C. T help students academically.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why des the speaker live with his uncle and aunt?
A. T visit the city. B. T wrk. C. T study.
19. Wh lives alne?
A. Mr. Liu. B. Miss Green. C. Mr. Smith.
20. What is Mr. Liu?
A. A dctr. B. A secretary. C. A student.
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tracy Andersn
Gwyneth Paltrw and Victria Beckham are fans f the Tracy Andersn Methd, which invlves dance-based classes using bdy resistance and very light hand weights. Her nline prgramme includes a new weekly wrkut, as well as access t existing classes, her digital magazine and meal planning guides. It’s at ￡69 per mnth, but yu get a discunt fr annual
Rar
The singer Ellie Gulding and the fashin designer Henry Hlland are said t be fans f Rar’s daily live classes, which include the Overdrive—a high energy weights-based wrkut fcusing n upper-bdy strengthening and cardivascular fitness. Their funder, the three times Olympian speed skater Sarah Lindsay, has als trained the bradcaster Piers Mrgan and the DJ Nick Grimshaw. There’s a 14-day free trial, then membership starts at โ12.50per mnth with live daily wrkuts and unlimited access t the library. rar-fitness.cm
Centr
The Thr actr Chris Hemswrth and his persnal trainer Luke Zcchi launched the Centr app in 2019. It features 20 and 40-minute sessin s f HIIT, Pilates, yga, bxing and guided meditatin, plus recipe ideas, a meal planner and stress and well being supprt. It’s ffering a free seven-day trial, and starts frm £7.83permnth. centr.cm
Get It Dne
The frmer prfessinal ftballer and celebrity trainer Bradley Simmnds launched his platfrm, Get It Dne, in 2020. The app includes daily live streamed and n-demand classes featuring yga, cre fitness and strength. Frm ￡22 per mnth. Getitdne. fitness
1. What d Tracy Andersn and Centr have in cmmn?
A. Dance-based classes.B. Special magazines.
C. Meal planning guides.D. A free trial perid.
2. |Which can prbably ffer ne-n-ne classes?
A. Tracy Andersn.B. Rar.C. Centr.D. Get It Dne.
3. Wh is the text intended fr?
A. Prfessinal athletes.B. Fitness enthusiasts.
C. Famus celebrities.D. Persnal trainers.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个供健身爱好者选择的应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Tracy Andersn部分“Her nline prgramme includes a new weekly wrkut, as well as access t existing classes, her digital magazine and meal planning guides.(她的在线课程包括新的每周锻炼，以及现有课程、数字杂志和膳食计划指南)”及Centr部分“It features 20 and 40-minute sessin s f HIIT, Pilates, yga, bxing and guided meditatin, plus recipe ideas, a meal planner and stress and well being supprt.(它的特色是20到40分钟的HIIT、普拉提、瑜伽、拳击和引导冥想，再加上食谱创意、膳食计划以及压力和健康支持)”可知，Tracy Andersn和Centre都有膳食计划指南。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Get It Dne部分“The app includes daily live streamed and n-demand classes featuring yga, cre fitness and strength.(该应用程序包括以瑜伽、核心健身和力量为特色的每日直播和点播课程)”可知，Get It Dne可能会提供一对一的课程。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Tracy Andersn部分“Her nline prgramme includes a new weekly wrkut, as well as access t existing classes, her digital magazine and meal planning guides.(她的在线课程包括新的每周锻炼，以及现有课程、数字杂志和膳食计划指南)”，Rar部分“The singer Ellie Gulding and the fashin designer Henry Hlland are said t be fans f Rar’s daily live classes, which include the Overdrive—a high energy weights-based wrkut fcusing n upper-bdy strengthening and cardivascular fitness.(歌手Ellie Gulding和时装设计师Henry Hlland据说是Rar日常直播课程的粉丝，其中包括Overdrive，这是一种基于高能量重量的锻炼，专注于增强上身和心血管健康)”，Centr部分“It features 20 and 40-minute sessin s f HIIT, Pilates, yga, bxing and guided meditatin, plus recipe ideas, a meal planner and stress and well being supprt.(它的特色是20到40分钟的HIIT、普拉提、瑜伽、拳击和引导冥想，再加上食谱创意、膳食计划以及压力和健康支持)”及Get It Dne部分“The app includes daily live streamed and n-demand classes featuring yga, cre fitness and strength.(该应用程序包括以瑜伽、核心健身和力量为特色的每日直播和点播课程)”可知，文章主要介绍了四个关于健身的应用程序，故本文的目标读者应为健身爱好者。故选B项。
B
In a remte muntainus regin in Pakistan, a cable car carrying six children and tw adults became stuck in mid-air. Hwever, this terrifying incident resulted in a remarkable display f bravery and intelligence as rdinary bystanders stepped up t save lives.
The incident began like any ther day when the small grup started their typical daily jurney t schl and the lcal shps abard the shaky three cables brke, causing it t be suspended in the air.
Immediately, multiple rescue effrts were set int mtin. The rescue missin lasted fr ver 10 hurs. Military helicpters and lcal experts attempted t rescue the stuck car. Hwever, the cmplex terrain (地形) and the cable car’s unsafe psitin made prgress slw. By nightfall, the helicpter team had nly rescued ne child frm the car.
The lcal administratin called upn tw lcal brthers, Sahib and Nasir, fr their expert skill in perating temprary cable cars in the regin. With limited resurces available, the Khan brthers thught up a clever idea t reach the stuck cable car. They cnstructed a small temprary car using a zip line, allwing them t mve ver the risky terrain and apprach the hanging cable car.
Nasir remained n the grund, assisting with the pulley (滑轮) system. Sahib bravely barded the temprary car and started a dangerus jurney t ward the stuck children. Once he reached the hanging car, Sahib carefully tied a rpe arund the children in the car. Making several trips, he secured the children and carried them acrss ne at a time. He successfully transprted tw children t safety in this fashin.
With Sahib’s curageus effrts paving the way, lcal rescuers tk ver, using the same methd t bring the remaining three children and the tw adults back t safety. This heric rescue missin is a pwerful reminder that when peple wrk tgether with a cmmn gal in mind, they can brainstrm, even in the face f challenges that seemingly can’t be tackled successfully.
4. What happened when a cable car was n its daily rutine jurney?
A. It stpped halfway due t a pwer failure.
B. A grup f visitrs were trapped in it.
C. Brken cables left it hanging in the sky.
D. It crashed int the deep valley belw.
5. What prevented the prgress f the rescue peratin?
A. Injured individuals.B. Difficult land features.
C. Pr cmmunicatin.D. Severe weather cnditins.
6. What is the fifth paragraph f the text mainly abut?
A. The dangerus situatin in the stuck car.
B. The risk f saving the trapped children.
C. The wrking principle f the rescue car.
D. The rescue effrts by the tw brthers.
7. Which f the fllwing best summerizes the rescue missin?
A. Bravery never ges ut f fashin.
B. A wise man makes his wn decisins.
C. Many hands make light wrk.
D. Nthing is impssible t a willing heart.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要报道了巴基斯坦缆车事故被困人员全部获救。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The incident began like any ther day when the small grup started their typical daily jurney t schl and the lcal shps abard the shaky three cables brke, causing it t be suspended in the air.(事故的开始和往常一样，当时这一小群人开始了他们的日常上学之旅，当地的商店在摇晃的三根电缆上断裂，导致它悬浮在空中)”可知，缆索断裂，导致缆车悬挂在空中，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hwever, the cmplex terrain (地形) and the cable car’s unsafe psitin made prgress slw.(然而，复杂的地形和缆车不安全的位置使进度缓慢)”可知，地形复杂阻碍了救援行动的进展，故选B。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段内容“Nasir remained n the grund, assisting with the pulley (滑轮) system. Sahib bravely barded the temprary car and started a dangerus jurney t ward the stuck children. Once he reached the hanging car, Sahib carefully tied a rpe arund the children in the car. Making several trips, he secured the children and carried them acrss ne at a time. He successfully transprted tw children t safety in this fashin.(Nasir留在地面上，协助滑轮系统。Sahib勇敢地登上了临时的汽车，开始了一段危险的旅程，以保护被困的孩子。一到吊车旁，Sahib就小心翼翼地在车上的孩子们身上系上一根绳子。经过几次旅行，他把孩子们抱起来，一次抱一个过河。他用这种方法成功地把两个孩子转移到安全地带)”可知，本段是讲述两兄弟所做的救援努力，故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“This heric rescue missin is a pwerful reminder that when peple wrk tgether with a cmmn gal in mind, they can brainstrm, even in the face f challenges that seemingly can’t be tackled successfully.(这次英勇的救援任务有力地提醒我们，当人们怀着共同的目标一起工作时，即使面对看似无法成功解决的挑战，他们也能集思广益)”可知，这次救援任务有力地提醒人们：当人们心怀共同的目标一起工作时，即使面对看似无法成功应对的挑战，也可以集思广益克服。由此可知，“众志成城”可以被用来总结这次救援任务，故选C。
C
In the endless sky, the unaided human eye shuld be able t perceive several thusand stars n a clear, dark night. Unfrtunately, grwing light pllutin has impeded peple frm the nightly view.
New citizen-science-based research thrws alarming light n the prblem f “sky glw”-the diffuse illuminatin (漫射照明) f the night sky that is a frm f light pllutin. The data came frm crwd-surced bservatins cllected frm arund the wrld as part f Glbe at Night, a prgram develped by astrnmer Cnnie Walker.
Light pllutin has harmful effects n the practice f astrnmy but als n human health and wildlife, since it disturbs the cycle frm sunlight t starlight that bilgical systems have evlved alngside. Furthermre, the lss f visible stars is a great lss f human cultural heritage. Until relatively recently, humans thrughut histry had an impressive view f the starry night sky, and the effect f this nighty spectacle (壮观) is evident in ancient cultures.
Glbe at Night has been gathering data n star visibility since 2006. Anyne can submit bservatins thrugh the Glbe at Night web applicatin. Participants recrd which ne best matches what they can see in the sky withut any telescpes r ther instruments.
Researchers find that the lss f visible stars indicates an increase in sky brightness f 9.6% per year while rughly 2% is measured by satellites. Existing satellites are nt well suited t measuring sky glw as it appears t humans, because they can nt detect wavelengths shrter than 500 nanmeters (纳米). White LEDs, with shrter wavelengths under 500 nanmeters, nw are increasingly cmmnly used in utdr lighting. But human eyes are mre sensitive t these shrter wavelengths at nighttime. Space-based instruments d nt measure light frm windws, either. But these surces are significant cntributrs t sky glw us seen frm the grund.
“The increase in sky glw ver the past decade underlines the imprtance f redubling ur effrts and develping new strategies t prtect dark skies,” said Walker. “The Glbe at Night dataset is necessary in ur nging evaluatin f changes in sky glw, and we encurage whever can t get invlved t help prtect the starry night sky.”
8 What des the underlined wrd “impeded” in the first paragraph mean?
A. separated.B. disabled.C. demanded.D. prtected.
9. What des the lss f visible stars lead t?
A. Prer human health.B. Fewer wildlife species.
C. Mre delicate bilgical systems.D. Less nightly culture elements f the sky.
10. What des the authr stress in paragraph 5?
A. Crwd surced data are invaluableB. Shrter wavelengths are hard t detect.
C. Satellites play a vital rle.D. White LEDs are widely used.
11. What can be inferred frm Walker’s wrds?
A. Their cnsistent effrts pay ff.B. The dataset needs t be updated.
C. The sky glw has been ver-emphasized.D. Mre participants are expected t jin in.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍光污染正在夺走我们的夜空，使得星星在我们眼前消失。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“In the endless sky, the unaided human eye shuld be able t perceive several thusand stars n a clear, dark night.(在一望无际的天空中，在一个晴朗、黑暗的夜晚，人类的肉眼应该能够看到几千颗星星)”以及划线词上文“Unfrtunately, grwing light pllutin has”可知，人类的肉眼本来可以看到几千颗星星，不幸的是，日益严重的光污染却使人们不能欣赏夜景。故划线词意思是“使……不能”。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Furthermre, the lss f visible stars is a great lss f human cultural heritage. Until relatively recently, humans thrughut histry had an impressive view f the starry night sky, and the effect f this nighty spectacle (壮观) is evident in ancient cultures.(此外，可见星星的损失是人类文化遗产的巨大损失。直到最近，历史上的人类都能看到令人印象深刻的星空，这种夜间奇观的影响在古代文化中很明显)”可知，可见星星的缺失会导致较少的夜间天空文化元素。故选D。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“Researchers find that the lss f visible stars indicates an increase in sky brightness f 9.6% per year while rughly 2% is measured by satellites. Existing satellites are nt well suited t measuring sky glw as it appears t humans, because they can nt detect wavelengths shrter than 500 nanmeters (纳米). White LEDs, with shrter wavelengths under 500 nanmeters, nw are increasingly cmmnly used in utdr lighting. But human eyes are mre sensitive t these shrter wavelengths at nighttime. Space-based instruments d nt measure light frm windws, either. But these surces are significant cntributrs t sky glw us seen frm the grund.(研究人员发现，可见恒星的消失表明天空亮度每年增加9.6%，而卫星测量的亮度大约为2%。现有的卫星不太适合测量人类看到的天光，因为它们不能探测到短于500纳米的波长。白光led波长较短，在500纳米以下，现在越来越多地用于户外照明。但人类的眼睛在夜间对这些较短的波长更敏感。天基仪器也不能测量窗户发出的光。但这些光源是我们从地面上看到的天光的重要贡献者)”可推知，作者在第五段中强调了众包数据是无价的。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Glbe at Night dataset is necessary in ur nging evaluatin f changes in sky glw, and we encurage whever can t get invlved t help prtect the starry night sky. (全球夜间数据集对于我们持续评估天空辉光的变化是必要的，我们鼓励任何可以参与的人来帮助保护星空)”可推断，Walker期望会有更多的参与者加入。故选D。
D
Cnsumptin f ultra-prcessed fds (UPFs) has increased ver the past 20 years. UPFs cntain few r n whle fds, are industrially prduced, are ready-t-eat r ready-t-heat, and include additives. The ultra-prcessing f fd lessens its nutritinal value. It has been knwn that higher UPF cnsumptin is assciated with verweight and heart disease. Nw, research has been extended t examine its impact n mental health.
In a new study, ver 72,000 participants wh were at least 55 years ld and didn’t have dementia (痴呆) at the start f the study were fllwed fr an average f 10 years, during which they filled ut questinnaires regarding their diet. By the end f the study, 518 peple were diagnsed (诊断) with dementia. After adjusting fr ther factrs that culd affect risk f dementia such as age, gender, and heart disease, researchers fund every 10 percent increase in daily intake f UPFs was assciated with a 25 percent higher risk f dementia. They als fund replacing 10 percent f UPFs with unprcessed r minimally prcessed fds was assciated with a 19 percent lwer risk f dementia.
In anther study, researchers fund individuals wh cnsumed the mst UPFs had statistically significant increases in the symptms (症状) f mild depressin, “mentally unhealthy days”, and “anxius days”. Eric Hecht, Funder and Executive Directr f the Institute f Etilgical Research, said, “Mre than 70 percent f packaged fds in the US are classified as UPFs and represent abut 60 percent f all calries cnsumed by Americans. Given the degree f expsure t and effects f UPF cnsumptin, this study has great significance in clinical practice and public health. It might help imprve future develpment f dietary guidelines.”
Facing such alarming data, maybe it’s time fr Americans t recnsider their fd ptins. Researchers recmmend taxes n UPFs and carrying ut plicies t reduce the cnsumptin. They als supprt prgrams and plicies t increase the availability and affrdability f whle fds, especially amng disadvantaged ppulatins.
12. What d we knw abut UPFs?
A. They have n nutritinal value.B. They are ready-made and instant fds.
C. They are cheap and mass-prduced.D. They serve as additins t ur daily diets.
13. What’s Eric Hecht’s attitude tward the new study?
A. Psitive.B. Dubtful.C. Mixed.D. Cnservative.
14. What d researchers suggest ding?
A. Cllecting higher taxes n UPFs.B. Decreasing UPFs’ share in diet.
C. Fcusing n the nutrient cntent f fds.D. Increasing public awareness f whle fds.
15. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Public Health Respnse t UPFsB. Physical Disrders Linked t UPFs
C. Rising Cnsumptin f UPFs in the USD. Negative Effects f UPFs n Mental Health
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。超加工食品的消费在过去20年中有所增加。人们已知，较高的超加工食品摄入量与超重和心脏病有关，而一项新研究表明，超加工食品对心理健康也有负面影响，它可能会增加痴呆、抑郁和焦虑的风险。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“UPFs cntain few r n whle fds, are industrially prduced, are ready-t-eat r ready-t-heat, and include additives. The ultra-prcessing f fd lessens its nutritinal value (UPF含有很少或不含天然食物，是工业生产的，是即食或即热的，并含有添加剂。食品的超加工降低了其营养价值。)”可知，UPF是预先制成的快餐食品。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Given the degree f expsure t and effects f UPF cnsumptin, this study has great significance in clinical practice and public health. It might help imprve future develpment f dietary guidelines. (鉴于UPF的暴露程度和影响，本研究在临床实践和公共卫生方面具有重要意义。这可能有助于改善未来饮食指南的制定。)”可知，Eric Hecht对这项研究持肯定的态度，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Researchers recmmend taxes n UPFs and carrying ut plicies t reduce the cnsumptin (研究人员建议对UPF征税，并实施减少消费的政策。)”可知，研究人员建议人们要降低膳食中超加工食品的比例，减少超加工食品的摄入量。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。综观全文，尤其是第一段中的“Nw, research has been extended t examine its impact n mental health (现在，研究已经扩展到检查它对心理健康的影响。)”和第二段中的“After adjusting fr ther factrs that culd affect risk f dementia such as age, gender, and heart disease, researchers fund every 10 percent increase in daily intake f UPFs was assciated with a 25percent higher risk f dementia. (在调整了其他可能影响痴呆症风险的因素(如年龄、性别和心脏病)后，研究人员发现，每天摄入upf每增加10%，患痴呆症的风险就会增加25%。)”和第三段中的“In anther study, researchers fund individuals wh cnsumed the mst UPFs had statistically significant increases in the symptms (症状) f mild depressin, “mentally unhealthy days”, and “anxius days”. (在另一项研究中，研究人员发现，摄入最多UPF的人在轻度抑郁、“精神不健康日”和“焦虑日”的症状上有统计学上的显著增加。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是超加工食品对心理健康的负面影，它可能会增加人们痴呆、抑郁和焦虑的风险。D选项“Negative Effects f UPFs n Mental Health (UPF对心理健康的负面影响)”符合题意。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
D yu think yu need t shut at yurself t frce yurself t finish yur hmewrk? If s, think again.____16____ Research shws that practicing self-cmpassin (自我关怀) imprves ur mental and physical well-being and supprts lng-term success.
Self-cmpassin is the practice f being kind and supprtive t urselves. The ppsite is being self-critical and mean t urselves when we make a mistake. ____17____ These negative respnses are related t depressin, stress and reduced quality f life.
A 2017 study fund peple wh practice self-cmpassin tend t handle stress better. Their bdies have less f a stress respnse when, fr example, they meet with difficulties at wrk r schl. ____18____ Let’s say they d prly n a gemetry test. Self-cmpassin helps them use the experience t make changes ging frward, like seeking ut a math tutr.
____19____ We can start with mindfulness. First f all, practice bserving ur thughts — are they understanding r critical? Dn’t judge urselves t severely then. Rather than getting caught up in hw we culd have dne better, frgive urselves and think abut what t change while remaining respectful, and lving t urselves. ____20____ We can read a nvel, play a musical instrument r kick arund a sccer ball with friends.
With practice, we can learn t treat urselves with kindness and uncnditinal lve — nt tugh lve.
A. S hw d we develp self-cmpassin?
B. It may be mre effective t be kind t yurself.
C. It includes letting g f yur strict self-criticism.
D. Mindfulness is the key t practicing self-cmpassin.
E. But this apprach des nt make us feel r perfrm better.
F. They have mre cnfidence t lk fr areas where they can imprve.
G. Als, shw urselves kindness in ways that nurish (滋养) ur spirit and bdy.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过自我同情的练习，我们可以学会用善意和无条件的爱来对待自己。
【16题详解】
前文提到可能通过对自己的大吼大叫来促使自己完成作业的这一情况，后文提到“Research shws that practicing self-cmpassin (自我关怀) imprves ur mental and physical well-being and supprts lng-term success.”（研究表明，练习自我同情可以改善我们的身心健康，并有助于长期的成功。），研究表明对自己鼓励和关怀有利于自身长期的成功，说明对自己好一点可能在促使自己完成一件事上更加有效果。B项“It may be mre effective t be kind t yurself.”（善待自己可能会更有效。）该项提到善待自己更加有效果，该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
【17题详解】
前文提到“Self-cmpassin is the practice f being kind and supprtive t urselves. The ppsite is being self-critical and mean t urselves when we make a mistake.”（自我同情是对自己友善和支持的实践。相反的是当我们犯错时，自我批评和对自己刻薄。），人在犯错误的时候很容易进行自我批评，且后文提到 “These negative respnses are related t depressin, stress and reduced quality f life.”（这些负面反应与抑郁、压力和生活质量下降有关。），对自己的批评可能会导致抑郁、有压力且可能会影响生活质量。E项“But this apprach des nt make us feel r perfrm better.”（但这种方法并不能让我们感觉或表现得更好。）该项提到自我批评并不会让自己感觉良好。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。
【18题详解】
前文提到“A 2017 study fund peple wh practice self-cmpassin tend t handle stress better. Their bdies have less f a stress respnse when, fr example, they meet with difficulties at wrk r schl.”（2017年的一项研究发现，练习自我同情的人往往能更好地应对压力。例如，当他们在工作或学校遇到困难时，他们的身体对压力的反应就会减少。），以及后文中提到“Self-cmpassin helps them use the experience t make changes ging frward, like seeking ut a math tutr.”（自我同情可以帮助他们利用这段经历做出改变，比如找一个数学导师。）该段提到练习自我同情的人能更好地应对压力，而且能够进行自我同情的人会根据自己的情况做出适当的可以改变自己的行为。F项“They have mre cnfidence t lk fr areas where they can imprve.”（他们更有信心去寻找自己可以改进的地方。）该项提到会自我同情的人会寻求改进自己的机会和方法。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。
【19题详解】
后文提到“We can start with mindfulness.”（我们可以从正念开始。）由该段内容可以判断，该段提到了进行自我同情的练习方法。A项“S hw d we develp self-cmpassin?”（那么我们如何培养自我同情呢?）该项由问题引出后文中进行自我同情的方法，起到引出后文的作用，符合文意。故选A。
【20题详解】
前文提到“Rather than getting caught up in hw we culd have dne better, frgive urselves and think abut what t change while remaining respectful, and lving t urselves.”（与其纠结于我们该如何做得更好，不如原谅自己，想想在保持尊重和爱自己的同时要改变什么。）要与自己和解，要尊重自己爱自己，后文提到“We can read a nvel, play a musical instrument r kick arund a sccer ball with friends.”（我们可以读小说，演奏乐器或与朋友踢足球。）读书运动和演奏音乐都是让自己身心健康的好方法。G项“Als, shw urselves kindness in ways that nurish (滋养) ur spirit and bdy.”（同时，要善待自己，以滋养我们的精神和身体。）该项提到了要善待自己，滋养自己。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nt lng ag, I was at a grcery stre, and an elderly man in frnt f me was using a Supplemental Nutritin Assistance Prgram card-what we used t call fd stamps(食物券). The card reader kept ____21____ his payment. He’d bviusly gne ver his ____22____ fr the mnth. He was cnfused abut hw it’d happened and mre than ____23____ abut the situatin.
While I was wndering whether the man wuld be displeased r ____24____ if I stepped in and ffered t pay the difference (差额), the yung cashier said, “Sir, this happens all the time. It’s nt a prblem. I prmise we can ____25____ a slutin tgether.”
The line behind us was grwing lng, but the cashier didn’t shw any ____26____ r anger. He cnfirmed the man was ver his limit fr the mnth but wasn’t ver by much, s he helped the custmer ____27____ which items he culd make d withut fr the time being. Then he tld his ld custmer that this was a cmmn ____28____ and nt a prblem at all. The elderly man left with his dignity ____29____. He wuld _____30_____ have a sense f lyalty t that grcery-stre chain.
When it was my turn, I tk nte f the cashier’s name n his name tag. Arriving hme, I sent an email t the manager f the stre t _____31_____ the emplyee fr his kindness and custmer service. Sn, I received a reply with thanks frm the manager, letting me knw that my remarks wuld be _____32_____ in the emplyee’s file and nted each time he was up fr a _____33_____.
In the same way as his act f kindness brightened the life f the elderly man wh was _____34_____ that day, I hpe my act f kindness culd have a(n)_____35_____ influence n that cashier’s career.
21. A. delayingB. decliningC. searchingD. repeating
22. A. expectatinB. demandC. limitD. requirement
23. A. embarrassedB. delightedC. excitedD. frightened
24. A. prudB. gratefulC. curiusD. peaceful
25. A. turn utB. make utC. wrk utD. carry ut
26. A. impatienceB. disbeliefC. disappintmentD. depressin
27. A. shareB. deliverC. rememberD. determine
28. A. cmplaintB. ccurrenceC. excuseD. dilemma
29. A. discveredB. increasedC. verlkedD. preserved
30. A. undubtedlyB. impssiblyC. cincidentallyD. hesitantly
31. A. recmmendB. frgiveC. cmplimentD. cmment
32. A. includedB. fldedC. measuredD. excluded
33. A. regulatinB. negtiatinC. investigatinD. prmtin
34 A. defendingB. strugglingC. cmpetingD. starving
35. A. impressiveB. attractiveC. psitiveD. decisive
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在商店发现一位老人在使用补充营养援助卡时，由于所购物品价钱超过限额，而支付失败，收银员耐心解决问题的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：读卡器不断拒绝他的支付。A. delaying拖延；B. declining减少，拒绝；C. searching搜索；D. repeating重复。根据后文“He’d bviusly gne ver his ____2____ fr the mnth.”可知，因为他的卡里钱不够了，所以读卡器无法通过他的支付，即拒绝他的支付。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他显然已经超过了这个月的限额。A. expectatin期望；B. demand需求；C. limit限制；D. requirement要求。根据后文第三段中“He cnfirmed the man was ver his limit fr the mnth”可知，老人购物需要的钱超过了卡上这个月的限额。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对这是怎么发生的感到困惑，对这种情况感到尴尬。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. delighted高兴的；C. excited激动的；D. frightened害怕的。根据前文“The card reader kept ____1____ his payment.”可知，老人的卡一直支付不了，所以很尴尬。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在想如果我上前提出支付差额，那人是会不高兴还是会感激时，年轻的收银员说：“先生，这种事经常发生。”A. prud骄傲的；B. grateful感谢的；C. curius好奇的；D. peaceful平静的。根据常识和后文“if I stepped in and ffered t pay the difference”等内容可知，作者想，如果帮助老人把超额的部分钱付了，老人会感谢有人相助还是不高兴让自己失去尊严呢？故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我保证我们可以一起找出解决办法。A. turn ut结果是；B. make ut理解，明白；C. wrk ut算出，想出；D. carry ut执行。根据语境和后文“a slutin”可知，收银员认为能够想出解决方案。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们身后的队伍越来越长，但收银员没有表现出任何不耐烦或愤怒。A. impatience不耐烦；B. disbelief不相信；C. disappintment失望；D. depressin抑郁。根据语境和后文“Then he tld his ld custmer that this was a cmmn ____8____ and nt a prblem at all.”可知，收银员没有表现出不耐烦，耐心地处理问题。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他确认这名男子已经超出了他一个月的限额，但并没有超出太多，所以他帮助这位顾客确定哪些东西他暂时可以不用。A. share分享；B. deliver递送；C. remember记住；D. determine确定。根据后文“which items he culd make d withut fr the time being”可知，收银员帮助老人确定哪些东西这次可以不买，让购物在限额之内。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他告诉他的老客户，这是经常发生的事情，根本不是问题。A. cmplaint抱怨；B. ccurrence发生；C. excuse借口；D. dilemma困境。根据后文“nt a prblem at all”可知，收银员解释说，这种事情经常发生，不是问题。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位老人体面地离开了。A. discvered发现；B. increased增加；C. verlked忽视；D. preserved保存。根据语境和前文“with his dignity”可知，老人支付完毕，保住了尊严。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，他会对那家连锁杂货店有一种忠诚感。A. undubtedly毫无疑问地；B. impssibly不可能地；C. cincidentally巧合地；D. hesitantly犹豫地。根据语境和后文“have a sense f lyalty t that grcery-stre chain”可知，收银员处理得非常好，所以毫无疑问，老人会对这家店有忠诚感。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到家后，我给店长发了一封电子邮件，称赞他的善良和客户服务。A. recmmend推荐；B. frgive原谅；C. cmpliment赞美；D. cmment评论。根据语境和后文“fr his kindness and custmer service”可知，作者称赞这位收银员的善良和客户服务。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，我收到了经理的一封感谢信，他告诉我，我的评论将被收录在该员工的档案中，并在他每次升职时查看。A. included包括；B. flded折叠；C. measured测量；D. excluded排除。根据后文“in the emplyee’s file and nted each time he was up fr a ____13____”可知，作者的评论将被放进该员工的档案中。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. regulatin规则；B. negtiatin协商；C. investigatin调查；D. prmtin提升，晋职。根据语境和前文“he was up fr”可知，员工要升职，查看档案作依据。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像他的善举照亮了那天挣扎的老人的生活一样，我希望我的善举能对那位收银员的职业生涯产生积极的影响。A. defending保卫；B. struggling斗争，挣扎；C. cmpeting竞赛；D. starving挨饿。根据前文“He was cnfused abut hw it’d happened and mre than ____3____ abut the situatin.”等内容可知，收银员帮助了那天陷入困难、苦苦挣扎的老人。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impressive令人印象深刻的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. psitive积极的；D. decisive果断的。根据前文“my remarks wuld be ____12____ in the emplyee’s file and nted each time he was up fr a ____13____”以及“I hpe my act f kindness”可知，作者希望那封电子邮件对收银员的职业生涯产生积极影响。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分， 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The art f seal engraving (篆刻) is a fundatin f China’s fine arts. It has been _____36_____ inseparable part f classic Chinese art. In September 2009, China’s seal-engraving art _____37_____(add) t the list f UNESCO’s items f intangible cultural heritage.
Seal-engraving art, _____38_____(date) back t the Shang Dynasty, has a histry f mre than 3,000 years. The art frm develped rapidly during the Qin dynasty, _____39_____ peple engraved their names n utensils (器具) and in dcuments t claim wnership.
Sn after Qinshihuang unified China he rdered craftsmen t use jade t make an imperial seal called “Xi”. Nt until the Ming Dynasty did artists and schlars begin using seals engraved with their names _____40_____(mark) the wnership f their calligraphies and paintings.
In 1904, Xiling Seal Engravers’ Sciety was funded with the _____41_____(cmbine) effrts f seal artists frm different schls and places _____42_____ it was the first f its kind in China.
Tday seals are still _____43_____ wide use in fficial dcuments and private letters. With engraved seals gaining wrldwide _____44_____ (appreciate) in recent years, an increasing number f peple _____45_____ (becme) fascinated with the items.
【答案】36. an 37. was added
38. dating 39. when
40. t mark
41. cmbined
42. and 43. in
44. appreciatin
45. have becme
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的篆刻艺术。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它一直是中国古典艺术不可分割的一部分。part为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且inseparable发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2009年9月，中国篆刻艺术被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。根据时间状语“In September 2009”可知，此处为一般过去时，China’s seal-engraving art和add为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was added。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：篆刻艺术可以追溯到商代，距今已有3000多年的历史。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词has，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，Seal-engraving art和date为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填dating。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种艺术形式在秦朝迅速发展，当时人们把自己的名字刻在器具和文件上，以表明所有权。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the Qin dynasty，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：直到明代，艺术家和学者才开始使用刻有自己名字的印章来标记他们的书法和绘画的所有权。use sth. t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填t mark。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：1904年，在全国各地篆刻家的共同努力下，成立了西陵篆刻家协会，这是中国第一个篆刻家协会。空处需填形容词cmbined，作定语，修饰名词effrts。故填cmbined。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意同上。上文“在全国各地篆刻家的共同努力下，成立了西陵篆刻家协会”和下文“这是中国第一个篆刻家协会”之间是并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：今天，印章在官方文件和私人信件中仍然广泛使用。be in use为固定搭配，意为“在使用中”。故填in。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：近年来，随着镌刻印章在世界范围内的流行，越来越多的人对这些物品着迷。空处作宾语，需填名词appreciatin，此处为不可数名词。故填appreciatin。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为“an increasing number f peple”，助动词用have。故填have becme。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地博物馆正在展出来中国的文物。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的：
2.个人优势：
3.能做的事情。
注意： 1.词数 100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student frm China during this summer vacatin. I’m delighted t learn that vlunteer students are wanted fr a Chinese cultural relics exhibitin t be held in the lcal art gallery. Nw I’m writing t apply fr the psitin.
The reasns fr my applicatin are as fllws. First f all, having been expsed t freign teachers since a yung age, I can cmmunicate freely with thers in English. What’s mre, years f being mnitr makes me a brilliant rganizer, which will help a lt t keep the exhibitin in rder. The mst imprtant factr is that my related knwledge will undubtedly help the audience learn mre abut the unique Chinese art frm.
All in all, my sense f respnsibility will make me a qualified vlunteer. I’d appreciate it if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生写一封信申请做伦敦博物馆中国文物展的志愿者。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
首先：first f all→t begin with
另外：what’s mre→in additin
总之：all in all→in a wrd
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First f all, having been expsed t freign teachers since a yung age, I can cmmunicate freely with thers in English.
拓展句：First f all, because I have been expsed t freign teachers since a yung age, I can cmmunicate freely with thers in English.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m delighted t learn that vlunteer students are wanted fr a Chinese cultural relics exhibitin t be held in the lcal art gallery.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]What’s mre, years f being mnitr makes me a brilliant rganizer, which will help a lt t keep the exhibitin in rder.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的 短文。
Grady and his family g camping every summer. As it was becming htter, here came the camping time.
Having planned the camp lng, the family finally decided the destinatin --- the Great Natinal Frest. With fd, necessity and ckers laded nt the car, the family squeezed int the car. The car dr clsed, heat was shut utside.
In the car, Jared, Grady's yunger brther was playing with a ty dinsaur, making great nise. Grady's mther talked excitedly with his father. On settling in the car, Grady put n the earphne and turned n the music. He neither wanted t jin his brther nr jined any talk. After what seemed t be hurs, the car stpped where they headed. Grady threw dwn his backpack and slammed the car dr.
“This will be a lengthy week,“ he said unhappily t n ne in particular. He lked arund the campgrund. Hundreds f tall and green fir trees, sme as tall as church twers, cvered the muntainside like a green carpet. The sun wuld be setting sn. Grady thught maybe the heat wuldn't be unbearable. But actually nw in the muntain, the ht stickiness f July was clsely attached t him.
Grady hated camping, but it was smething his family stuck t every summer. His father liked cking ver an pen air, telling stries abut hw t survive things like bear attacks and bites f bees. His mther and Jared liked t hike and take pictures f animals. Jared had a cllectin f bug pictures that he had pinned t the walls in his half f their rm. Grady thught they were just scary and prf that Jared was a strange kid.
They set up camp - tw tents, ne fr his parents and ne fr himself and Jared. While everyne else started preparing dinner, Grady, lking fr sme place t cl dwn, set ff fr the nearby stream, which was deep enugh t swim in.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As Grady gt clse t the stream, an adrable bear cub (幼崽)caught his eye.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Turning arund, he saw an angry bear mving swiftly twards him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As Grady gt clse t the stream, an adrable bear cub caught his eye. Thugh Grady didn’t like animals, he culdn’t resist such a lvely bear cub measuring n mre than tw feet tall with a cute face. It was playing pretty jyfully at the edge f the stream. S absrbed was the bear cub in playing that it wasn’t aware that smene was appraching. Driven by curisity, Grady walked n tipte, mving clser t have a lk at it. Suddenly he heard a sund behind him.
Turning arund, he saw an angry bear mving swiftly twards him. Shcked and dumb, Grady was rted nt the grund fr secnds, and then dashed t their camp desperately, shuting fr help in the meantime. Frtunately, Grady’s father heard the shut in time t cme t his assistance. T their surprise, realizing the danger was away, the furry giant stpped chasing and returned t the stream, picking up her baby, and hlding it in arms tightly. In the distance, attracted by the nise, Jared and his mther were trying t take a pht f the bear cub and its mther.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了格雷迪和他的家人每年夏天都去露营。经过长期的营地计划，这家人最终决定了目的地——大国家森林。格雷迪讨厌野营，帐篷搭好后，当其他人都开始准备晚餐时，格雷迪找了个凉快的地方，向附近的小溪出发，那里足够深，可以游泳。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“格雷迪走近小溪时，一只可爱的小熊引起了他的注意。”可知，第一段可描写格雷迪由于好奇靠近小熊，突然听到有声音。
②由第二段首句内容“他转过身来，看见一只愤怒的熊迅速向他走来。”可知，第二段可描写格雷迪遇到了一只愤怒的大熊后逃生的过程以及获得了爸爸的帮助得救后，对大熊抱住孩子的场景的描述。
2.续写线索：无法抗拒小熊——小熊玩得很开心——小熊聚精会神的玩着——被好奇心驱使，Grady靠近小熊——大熊愤怒地走来——Grady惊得哑口无言——绝望地冲到营地——父亲及时赶来帮忙——为大熊抱住孩子感到惊讶
3.词汇激活
行为类
无法抗拒：culdn’t resist/hard t resist
聚精会神：be absrbed in/devte neself t
靠近：be clse t/apprach
冲：rush/dash
赶来帮忙：cme t ne’s assistance/n ne’s way t help
情绪类
高兴地：jyfully/happily/delightedly
绝望地：desperately/in despair
惊讶：t ne’s surprise/t ne’s amazement
震惊的：shcked/stunned
【点睛】[高分句型1]
S absrbed was the bear cub in playing that it wasn’t aware that smene was appraching.（s…that…引导结果状语从句，且s置于句首，使用了倒装句）
[高分句型2]
Grady was rted nt the grund fr secnds, and then dashed t their camp desperately, shuting fr help in the meantime.（shuting为现在分词作伴随状语）
本试卷共12页，满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号（或条形码）填写（粘贴）在答题卡规定的位置上。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： Hw much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.15. C. £ 9.18.
答案是B。
1. Why is the man surprised?
A. He isn't in Lndn in autumn.
B. He missed the best seasn in Lndn.
C. He desn't see a fggy Lndn.
2. What is mst prbably the man?
A. A librarian. B. An advisr. C. A researcher.
3. Hw will the wman g arund the city?
A. By taxi. B. On ft. C. By subway.
4. Where will the wman mst prbably spend the evening?
A. Out f twn. B. At hme. C. At the theatre.
5. What will the wman d?
A. Phne the ther ffice. B. Wait in anther ffice. C. G back t her ffice.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What des the man like t d this evening?
A. Watch TV. B. Hld a party. C. G t the cinema
7. When will the cmpany party end?
A. At 5:30. B. At 7:30. C. At 8:00.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Rmmates, B. Brther and sister. C. Schl friends.
9. Hw many teachers have been invited?
A. 5. B. 10. C. 15.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What is the father like?
A. Brave. B. Cruel. C. Thughtful.
11. Why des the father disagree t have a break?
A. Because he is nt tired at all
B. Because he knws the girl is brave.
C. Because he desn't want thers t wait.
12. What happened in the end?
A. The girl brke her left leg.
B. The father fell int the field.
C. The girl brke the flwers.
13. What are the tw speakers ding nw?
A. They're walking hme in the field.
B. They're talking abut their family.
C. They're training fr the sprts meet.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What curse des the man want t sign up fr?
A. A grup class. B. An nline curse. C. A daytime curse.
15. What shuld the man d befre signing up fr his curse?
A Have a trial class. B. Have an interview. C. Meet the lady again.
16. What des the man want t take hme?
A. A textbk. B. A schedule. C. A brchure.
17. What is the wman's jb?
A. T teach English.
B. T receive wuld-be students.
C. T help students academically.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why des the speaker live with his uncle and aunt?
A. T visit the city. B. T wrk. C. T study.
19. Wh lives alne?
A. Mr. Liu. B. Miss Green. C. Mr. Smith.
20. What is Mr. Liu?
A. A dctr. B. A secretary. C. A student.
第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tracy Andersn
Gwyneth Paltrw and Victria Beckham are fans f the Tracy Andersn Methd, which invlves dance-based classes using bdy resistance and very light hand weights. Her nline prgramme includes a new weekly wrkut, as well as access t existing classes, her digital magazine and meal planning guides. It’s at ￡69 per mnth, but yu get a discunt fr annual
Rar
The singer Ellie Gulding and the fashin designer Henry Hlland are said t be fans f Rar’s daily live classes, which include the Overdrive—a high energy weights-based wrkut fcusing n upper-bdy strengthening and cardivascular fitness. Their funder, the three times Olympian speed skater Sarah Lindsay, has als trained the bradcaster Piers Mrgan and the DJ Nick Grimshaw. There’s a 14-day free trial, then membership starts at โ12.50per mnth with live daily wrkuts and unlimited access t the library. rar-fitness.cm
Centr
The Thr actr Chris Hemswrth and his persnal trainer Luke Zcchi launched the Centr app in 2019. It features 20 and 40-minute sessin s f HIIT, Pilates, yga, bxing and guided meditatin, plus recipe ideas, a meal planner and stress and well being supprt. It’s ffering a free seven-day trial, and starts frm £7.83permnth. centr.cm
Get It Dne
The frmer prfessinal ftballer and celebrity trainer Bradley Simmnds launched his platfrm, Get It Dne, in 2020. The app includes daily live streamed and n-demand classes featuring yga, cre fitness and strength. Frm ￡22 per mnth. Getitdne. fitness
1. What d Tracy Andersn and Centr have in cmmn?
A. Dance-based classes.B. Special magazines.
C. Meal planning guides.D. A free trial perid.
2. |Which can prbably ffer ne-n-ne classes?
A. Tracy Andersn.B. Rar.C. Centr.D. Get It Dne.
3. Wh is the text intended fr?
A. Prfessinal athletes.B. Fitness enthusiasts.
C. Famus celebrities.D. Persnal trainers.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个供健身爱好者选择的应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Tracy Andersn部分“Her nline prgramme includes a new weekly wrkut, as well as access t existing classes, her digital magazine and meal planning guides.(她的在线课程包括新的每周锻炼，以及现有课程、数字杂志和膳食计划指南)”及Centr部分“It features 20 and 40-minute sessin s f HIIT, Pilates, yga, bxing and guided meditatin, plus recipe ideas, a meal planner and stress and well being supprt.(它的特色是20到40分钟的HIIT、普拉提、瑜伽、拳击和引导冥想，再加上食谱创意、膳食计划以及压力和健康支持)”可知，Tracy Andersn和Centre都有膳食计划指南。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Get It Dne部分“The app includes daily live streamed and n-demand classes featuring yga, cre fitness and strength.(该应用程序包括以瑜伽、核心健身和力量为特色的每日直播和点播课程)”可知，Get It Dne可能会提供一对一的课程。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Tracy Andersn部分“Her nline prgramme includes a new weekly wrkut, as well as access t existing classes, her digital magazine and meal planning guides.(她的在线课程包括新的每周锻炼，以及现有课程、数字杂志和膳食计划指南)”，Rar部分“The singer Ellie Gulding and the fashin designer Henry Hlland are said t be fans f Rar’s daily live classes, which include the Overdrive—a high energy weights-based wrkut fcusing n upper-bdy strengthening and cardivascular fitness.(歌手Ellie Gulding和时装设计师Henry Hlland据说是Rar日常直播课程的粉丝，其中包括Overdrive，这是一种基于高能量重量的锻炼，专注于增强上身和心血管健康)”，Centr部分“It features 20 and 40-minute sessin s f HIIT, Pilates, yga, bxing and guided meditatin, plus recipe ideas, a meal planner and stress and well being supprt.(它的特色是20到40分钟的HIIT、普拉提、瑜伽、拳击和引导冥想，再加上食谱创意、膳食计划以及压力和健康支持)”及Get It Dne部分“The app includes daily live streamed and n-demand classes featuring yga, cre fitness and strength.(该应用程序包括以瑜伽、核心健身和力量为特色的每日直播和点播课程)”可知，文章主要介绍了四个关于健身的应用程序，故本文的目标读者应为健身爱好者。故选B项。
B
In a remte muntainus regin in Pakistan, a cable car carrying six children and tw adults became stuck in mid-air. Hwever, this terrifying incident resulted in a remarkable display f bravery and intelligence as rdinary bystanders stepped up t save lives.
The incident began like any ther day when the small grup started their typical daily jurney t schl and the lcal shps abard the shaky three cables brke, causing it t be suspended in the air.
Immediately, multiple rescue effrts were set int mtin. The rescue missin lasted fr ver 10 hurs. Military helicpters and lcal experts attempted t rescue the stuck car. Hwever, the cmplex terrain (地形) and the cable car’s unsafe psitin made prgress slw. By nightfall, the helicpter team had nly rescued ne child frm the car.
The lcal administratin called upn tw lcal brthers, Sahib and Nasir, fr their expert skill in perating temprary cable cars in the regin. With limited resurces available, the Khan brthers thught up a clever idea t reach the stuck cable car. They cnstructed a small temprary car using a zip line, allwing them t mve ver the risky terrain and apprach the hanging cable car.
Nasir remained n the grund, assisting with the pulley (滑轮) system. Sahib bravely barded the temprary car and started a dangerus jurney t ward the stuck children. Once he reached the hanging car, Sahib carefully tied a rpe arund the children in the car. Making several trips, he secured the children and carried them acrss ne at a time. He successfully transprted tw children t safety in this fashin.
With Sahib’s curageus effrts paving the way, lcal rescuers tk ver, using the same methd t bring the remaining three children and the tw adults back t safety. This heric rescue missin is a pwerful reminder that when peple wrk tgether with a cmmn gal in mind, they can brainstrm, even in the face f challenges that seemingly can’t be tackled successfully.
4. What happened when a cable car was n its daily rutine jurney?
A. It stpped halfway due t a pwer failure.
B. A grup f visitrs were trapped in it.
C. Brken cables left it hanging in the sky.
D. It crashed int the deep valley belw.
5. What prevented the prgress f the rescue peratin?
A. Injured individuals.B. Difficult land features.
C. Pr cmmunicatin.D. Severe weather cnditins.
6. What is the fifth paragraph f the text mainly abut?
A. The dangerus situatin in the stuck car.
B. The risk f saving the trapped children.
C. The wrking principle f the rescue car.
D. The rescue effrts by the tw brthers.
7. Which f the fllwing best summerizes the rescue missin?
A. Bravery never ges ut f fashin.
B. A wise man makes his wn decisins.
C. Many hands make light wrk.
D. Nthing is impssible t a willing heart.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要报道了巴基斯坦缆车事故被困人员全部获救。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The incident began like any ther day when the small grup started their typical daily jurney t schl and the lcal shps abard the shaky three cables brke, causing it t be suspended in the air.(事故的开始和往常一样，当时这一小群人开始了他们的日常上学之旅，当地的商店在摇晃的三根电缆上断裂，导致它悬浮在空中)”可知，缆索断裂，导致缆车悬挂在空中，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hwever, the cmplex terrain (地形) and the cable car’s unsafe psitin made prgress slw.(然而，复杂的地形和缆车不安全的位置使进度缓慢)”可知，地形复杂阻碍了救援行动的进展，故选B。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段内容“Nasir remained n the grund, assisting with the pulley (滑轮) system. Sahib bravely barded the temprary car and started a dangerus jurney t ward the stuck children. Once he reached the hanging car, Sahib carefully tied a rpe arund the children in the car. Making several trips, he secured the children and carried them acrss ne at a time. He successfully transprted tw children t safety in this fashin.(Nasir留在地面上，协助滑轮系统。Sahib勇敢地登上了临时的汽车，开始了一段危险的旅程，以保护被困的孩子。一到吊车旁，Sahib就小心翼翼地在车上的孩子们身上系上一根绳子。经过几次旅行，他把孩子们抱起来，一次抱一个过河。他用这种方法成功地把两个孩子转移到安全地带)”可知，本段是讲述两兄弟所做的救援努力，故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“This heric rescue missin is a pwerful reminder that when peple wrk tgether with a cmmn gal in mind, they can brainstrm, even in the face f challenges that seemingly can’t be tackled successfully.(这次英勇的救援任务有力地提醒我们，当人们怀着共同的目标一起工作时，即使面对看似无法成功解决的挑战，他们也能集思广益)”可知，这次救援任务有力地提醒人们：当人们心怀共同的目标一起工作时，即使面对看似无法成功应对的挑战，也可以集思广益克服。由此可知，“众志成城”可以被用来总结这次救援任务，故选C。
C
In the endless sky, the unaided human eye shuld be able t perceive several thusand stars n a clear, dark night. Unfrtunately, grwing light pllutin has impeded peple frm the nightly view.
New citizen-science-based research thrws alarming light n the prblem f “sky glw”-the diffuse illuminatin (漫射照明) f the night sky that is a frm f light pllutin. The data came frm crwd-surced bservatins cllected frm arund the wrld as part f Glbe at Night, a prgram develped by astrnmer Cnnie Walker.
Light pllutin has harmful effects n the practice f astrnmy but als n human health and wildlife, since it disturbs the cycle frm sunlight t starlight that bilgical systems have evlved alngside. Furthermre, the lss f visible stars is a great lss f human cultural heritage. Until relatively recently, humans thrughut histry had an impressive view f the starry night sky, and the effect f this nighty spectacle (壮观) is evident in ancient cultures.
Glbe at Night has been gathering data n star visibility since 2006. Anyne can submit bservatins thrugh the Glbe at Night web applicatin. Participants recrd which ne best matches what they can see in the sky withut any telescpes r ther instruments.
Researchers find that the lss f visible stars indicates an increase in sky brightness f 9.6% per year while rughly 2% is measured by satellites. Existing satellites are nt well suited t measuring sky glw as it appears t humans, because they can nt detect wavelengths shrter than 500 nanmeters (纳米). White LEDs, with shrter wavelengths under 500 nanmeters, nw are increasingly cmmnly used in utdr lighting. But human eyes are mre sensitive t these shrter wavelengths at nighttime. Space-based instruments d nt measure light frm windws, either. But these surces are significant cntributrs t sky glw us seen frm the grund.
“The increase in sky glw ver the past decade underlines the imprtance f redubling ur effrts and develping new strategies t prtect dark skies,” said Walker. “The Glbe at Night dataset is necessary in ur nging evaluatin f changes in sky glw, and we encurage whever can t get invlved t help prtect the starry night sky.”
8 What des the underlined wrd “impeded” in the first paragraph mean?
A. separated.B. disabled.C. demanded.D. prtected.
9. What des the lss f visible stars lead t?
A. Prer human health.B. Fewer wildlife species.
C. Mre delicate bilgical systems.D. Less nightly culture elements f the sky.
10. What des the authr stress in paragraph 5?
A. Crwd surced data are invaluableB. Shrter wavelengths are hard t detect.
C. Satellites play a vital rle.D. White LEDs are widely used.
11. What can be inferred frm Walker’s wrds?
A. Their cnsistent effrts pay ff.B. The dataset needs t be updated.
C. The sky glw has been ver-emphasized.D. Mre participants are expected t jin in.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍光污染正在夺走我们的夜空，使得星星在我们眼前消失。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“In the endless sky, the unaided human eye shuld be able t perceive several thusand stars n a clear, dark night.(在一望无际的天空中，在一个晴朗、黑暗的夜晚，人类的肉眼应该能够看到几千颗星星)”以及划线词上文“Unfrtunately, grwing light pllutin has”可知，人类的肉眼本来可以看到几千颗星星，不幸的是，日益严重的光污染却使人们不能欣赏夜景。故划线词意思是“使……不能”。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Furthermre, the lss f visible stars is a great lss f human cultural heritage. Until relatively recently, humans thrughut histry had an impressive view f the starry night sky, and the effect f this nighty spectacle (壮观) is evident in ancient cultures.(此外，可见星星的损失是人类文化遗产的巨大损失。直到最近，历史上的人类都能看到令人印象深刻的星空，这种夜间奇观的影响在古代文化中很明显)”可知，可见星星的缺失会导致较少的夜间天空文化元素。故选D。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“Researchers find that the lss f visible stars indicates an increase in sky brightness f 9.6% per year while rughly 2% is measured by satellites. Existing satellites are nt well suited t measuring sky glw as it appears t humans, because they can nt detect wavelengths shrter than 500 nanmeters (纳米). White LEDs, with shrter wavelengths under 500 nanmeters, nw are increasingly cmmnly used in utdr lighting. But human eyes are mre sensitive t these shrter wavelengths at nighttime. Space-based instruments d nt measure light frm windws, either. But these surces are significant cntributrs t sky glw us seen frm the grund.(研究人员发现，可见恒星的消失表明天空亮度每年增加9.6%，而卫星测量的亮度大约为2%。现有的卫星不太适合测量人类看到的天光，因为它们不能探测到短于500纳米的波长。白光led波长较短，在500纳米以下，现在越来越多地用于户外照明。但人类的眼睛在夜间对这些较短的波长更敏感。天基仪器也不能测量窗户发出的光。但这些光源是我们从地面上看到的天光的重要贡献者)”可推知，作者在第五段中强调了众包数据是无价的。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Glbe at Night dataset is necessary in ur nging evaluatin f changes in sky glw, and we encurage whever can t get invlved t help prtect the starry night sky. (全球夜间数据集对于我们持续评估天空辉光的变化是必要的，我们鼓励任何可以参与的人来帮助保护星空)”可推断，Walker期望会有更多的参与者加入。故选D。
D
Cnsumptin f ultra-prcessed fds (UPFs) has increased ver the past 20 years. UPFs cntain few r n whle fds, are industrially prduced, are ready-t-eat r ready-t-heat, and include additives. The ultra-prcessing f fd lessens its nutritinal value. It has been knwn that higher UPF cnsumptin is assciated with verweight and heart disease. Nw, research has been extended t examine its impact n mental health.
In a new study, ver 72,000 participants wh were at least 55 years ld and didn’t have dementia (痴呆) at the start f the study were fllwed fr an average f 10 years, during which they filled ut questinnaires regarding their diet. By the end f the study, 518 peple were diagnsed (诊断) with dementia. After adjusting fr ther factrs that culd affect risk f dementia such as age, gender, and heart disease, researchers fund every 10 percent increase in daily intake f UPFs was assciated with a 25 percent higher risk f dementia. They als fund replacing 10 percent f UPFs with unprcessed r minimally prcessed fds was assciated with a 19 percent lwer risk f dementia.
In anther study, researchers fund individuals wh cnsumed the mst UPFs had statistically significant increases in the symptms (症状) f mild depressin, “mentally unhealthy days”, and “anxius days”. Eric Hecht, Funder and Executive Directr f the Institute f Etilgical Research, said, “Mre than 70 percent f packaged fds in the US are classified as UPFs and represent abut 60 percent f all calries cnsumed by Americans. Given the degree f expsure t and effects f UPF cnsumptin, this study has great significance in clinical practice and public health. It might help imprve future develpment f dietary guidelines.”
Facing such alarming data, maybe it’s time fr Americans t recnsider their fd ptins. Researchers recmmend taxes n UPFs and carrying ut plicies t reduce the cnsumptin. They als supprt prgrams and plicies t increase the availability and affrdability f whle fds, especially amng disadvantaged ppulatins.
12. What d we knw abut UPFs?
A. They have n nutritinal value.B. They are ready-made and instant fds.
C. They are cheap and mass-prduced.D. They serve as additins t ur daily diets.
13. What’s Eric Hecht’s attitude tward the new study?
A. Psitive.B. Dubtful.C. Mixed.D. Cnservative.
14. What d researchers suggest ding?
A. Cllecting higher taxes n UPFs.B. Decreasing UPFs’ share in diet.
C. Fcusing n the nutrient cntent f fds.D. Increasing public awareness f whle fds.
15. Which can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Public Health Respnse t UPFsB. Physical Disrders Linked t UPFs
C. Rising Cnsumptin f UPFs in the USD. Negative Effects f UPFs n Mental Health
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。超加工食品的消费在过去20年中有所增加。人们已知，较高的超加工食品摄入量与超重和心脏病有关，而一项新研究表明，超加工食品对心理健康也有负面影响，它可能会增加痴呆、抑郁和焦虑的风险。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“UPFs cntain few r n whle fds, are industrially prduced, are ready-t-eat r ready-t-heat, and include additives. The ultra-prcessing f fd lessens its nutritinal value (UPF含有很少或不含天然食物，是工业生产的，是即食或即热的，并含有添加剂。食品的超加工降低了其营养价值。)”可知，UPF是预先制成的快餐食品。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Given the degree f expsure t and effects f UPF cnsumptin, this study has great significance in clinical practice and public health. It might help imprve future develpment f dietary guidelines. (鉴于UPF的暴露程度和影响，本研究在临床实践和公共卫生方面具有重要意义。这可能有助于改善未来饮食指南的制定。)”可知，Eric Hecht对这项研究持肯定的态度，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Researchers recmmend taxes n UPFs and carrying ut plicies t reduce the cnsumptin (研究人员建议对UPF征税，并实施减少消费的政策。)”可知，研究人员建议人们要降低膳食中超加工食品的比例，减少超加工食品的摄入量。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。综观全文，尤其是第一段中的“Nw, research has been extended t examine its impact n mental health (现在，研究已经扩展到检查它对心理健康的影响。)”和第二段中的“After adjusting fr ther factrs that culd affect risk f dementia such as age, gender, and heart disease, researchers fund every 10 percent increase in daily intake f UPFs was assciated with a 25percent higher risk f dementia. (在调整了其他可能影响痴呆症风险的因素(如年龄、性别和心脏病)后，研究人员发现，每天摄入upf每增加10%，患痴呆症的风险就会增加25%。)”和第三段中的“In anther study, researchers fund individuals wh cnsumed the mst UPFs had statistically significant increases in the symptms (症状) f mild depressin, “mentally unhealthy days”, and “anxius days”. (在另一项研究中，研究人员发现，摄入最多UPF的人在轻度抑郁、“精神不健康日”和“焦虑日”的症状上有统计学上的显著增加。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是超加工食品对心理健康的负面影，它可能会增加人们痴呆、抑郁和焦虑的风险。D选项“Negative Effects f UPFs n Mental Health (UPF对心理健康的负面影响)”符合题意。故选D。
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
D yu think yu need t shut at yurself t frce yurself t finish yur hmewrk? If s, think again.____16____ Research shws that practicing self-cmpassin (自我关怀) imprves ur mental and physical well-being and supprts lng-term success.
Self-cmpassin is the practice f being kind and supprtive t urselves. The ppsite is being self-critical and mean t urselves when we make a mistake. ____17____ These negative respnses are related t depressin, stress and reduced quality f life.
A 2017 study fund peple wh practice self-cmpassin tend t handle stress better. Their bdies have less f a stress respnse when, fr example, they meet with difficulties at wrk r schl. ____18____ Let’s say they d prly n a gemetry test. Self-cmpassin helps them use the experience t make changes ging frward, like seeking ut a math tutr.
____19____ We can start with mindfulness. First f all, practice bserving ur thughts — are they understanding r critical? Dn’t judge urselves t severely then. Rather than getting caught up in hw we culd have dne better, frgive urselves and think abut what t change while remaining respectful, and lving t urselves. ____20____ We can read a nvel, play a musical instrument r kick arund a sccer ball with friends.
With practice, we can learn t treat urselves with kindness and uncnditinal lve — nt tugh lve.
A. S hw d we develp self-cmpassin?
B. It may be mre effective t be kind t yurself.
C. It includes letting g f yur strict self-criticism.
D. Mindfulness is the key t practicing self-cmpassin.
E. But this apprach des nt make us feel r perfrm better.
F. They have mre cnfidence t lk fr areas where they can imprve.
G. Als, shw urselves kindness in ways that nurish (滋养) ur spirit and bdy.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过自我同情的练习，我们可以学会用善意和无条件的爱来对待自己。
【16题详解】
前文提到可能通过对自己的大吼大叫来促使自己完成作业的这一情况，后文提到“Research shws that practicing self-cmpassin (自我关怀) imprves ur mental and physical well-being and supprts lng-term success.”（研究表明，练习自我同情可以改善我们的身心健康，并有助于长期的成功。），研究表明对自己鼓励和关怀有利于自身长期的成功，说明对自己好一点可能在促使自己完成一件事上更加有效果。B项“It may be mre effective t be kind t yurself.”（善待自己可能会更有效。）该项提到善待自己更加有效果，该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
【17题详解】
前文提到“Self-cmpassin is the practice f being kind and supprtive t urselves. The ppsite is being self-critical and mean t urselves when we make a mistake.”（自我同情是对自己友善和支持的实践。相反的是当我们犯错时，自我批评和对自己刻薄。），人在犯错误的时候很容易进行自我批评，且后文提到 “These negative respnses are related t depressin, stress and reduced quality f life.”（这些负面反应与抑郁、压力和生活质量下降有关。），对自己的批评可能会导致抑郁、有压力且可能会影响生活质量。E项“But this apprach des nt make us feel r perfrm better.”（但这种方法并不能让我们感觉或表现得更好。）该项提到自我批评并不会让自己感觉良好。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。
【18题详解】
前文提到“A 2017 study fund peple wh practice self-cmpassin tend t handle stress better. Their bdies have less f a stress respnse when, fr example, they meet with difficulties at wrk r schl.”（2017年的一项研究发现，练习自我同情的人往往能更好地应对压力。例如，当他们在工作或学校遇到困难时，他们的身体对压力的反应就会减少。），以及后文中提到“Self-cmpassin helps them use the experience t make changes ging frward, like seeking ut a math tutr.”（自我同情可以帮助他们利用这段经历做出改变，比如找一个数学导师。）该段提到练习自我同情的人能更好地应对压力，而且能够进行自我同情的人会根据自己的情况做出适当的可以改变自己的行为。F项“They have mre cnfidence t lk fr areas where they can imprve.”（他们更有信心去寻找自己可以改进的地方。）该项提到会自我同情的人会寻求改进自己的机会和方法。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。
【19题详解】
后文提到“We can start with mindfulness.”（我们可以从正念开始。）由该段内容可以判断，该段提到了进行自我同情的练习方法。A项“S hw d we develp self-cmpassin?”（那么我们如何培养自我同情呢?）该项由问题引出后文中进行自我同情的方法，起到引出后文的作用，符合文意。故选A。
【20题详解】
前文提到“Rather than getting caught up in hw we culd have dne better, frgive urselves and think abut what t change while remaining respectful, and lving t urselves.”（与其纠结于我们该如何做得更好，不如原谅自己，想想在保持尊重和爱自己的同时要改变什么。）要与自己和解，要尊重自己爱自己，后文提到“We can read a nvel, play a musical instrument r kick arund a sccer ball with friends.”（我们可以读小说，演奏乐器或与朋友踢足球。）读书运动和演奏音乐都是让自己身心健康的好方法。G项“Als, shw urselves kindness in ways that nurish (滋养) ur spirit and bdy.”（同时，要善待自己，以滋养我们的精神和身体。）该项提到了要善待自己，滋养自己。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nt lng ag, I was at a grcery stre, and an elderly man in frnt f me was using a Supplemental Nutritin Assistance Prgram card-what we used t call fd stamps(食物券). The card reader kept ____21____ his payment. He’d bviusly gne ver his ____22____ fr the mnth. He was cnfused abut hw it’d happened and mre than ____23____ abut the situatin.
While I was wndering whether the man wuld be displeased r ____24____ if I stepped in and ffered t pay the difference (差额), the yung cashier said, “Sir, this happens all the time. It’s nt a prblem. I prmise we can ____25____ a slutin tgether.”
The line behind us was grwing lng, but the cashier didn’t shw any ____26____ r anger. He cnfirmed the man was ver his limit fr the mnth but wasn’t ver by much, s he helped the custmer ____27____ which items he culd make d withut fr the time being. Then he tld his ld custmer that this was a cmmn ____28____ and nt a prblem at all. The elderly man left with his dignity ____29____. He wuld _____30_____ have a sense f lyalty t that grcery-stre chain.
When it was my turn, I tk nte f the cashier’s name n his name tag. Arriving hme, I sent an email t the manager f the stre t _____31_____ the emplyee fr his kindness and custmer service. Sn, I received a reply with thanks frm the manager, letting me knw that my remarks wuld be _____32_____ in the emplyee’s file and nted each time he was up fr a _____33_____.
In the same way as his act f kindness brightened the life f the elderly man wh was _____34_____ that day, I hpe my act f kindness culd have a(n)_____35_____ influence n that cashier’s career.
21. A. delayingB. decliningC. searchingD. repeating
22. A. expectatinB. demandC. limitD. requirement
23. A. embarrassedB. delightedC. excitedD. frightened
24. A. prudB. gratefulC. curiusD. peaceful
25. A. turn utB. make utC. wrk utD. carry ut
26. A. impatienceB. disbeliefC. disappintmentD. depressin
27. A. shareB. deliverC. rememberD. determine
28. A. cmplaintB. ccurrenceC. excuseD. dilemma
29. A. discveredB. increasedC. verlkedD. preserved
30. A. undubtedlyB. impssiblyC. cincidentallyD. hesitantly
31. A. recmmendB. frgiveC. cmplimentD. cmment
32. A. includedB. fldedC. measuredD. excluded
33. A. regulatinB. negtiatinC. investigatinD. prmtin
34 A. defendingB. strugglingC. cmpetingD. starving
35. A. impressiveB. attractiveC. psitiveD. decisive
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在商店发现一位老人在使用补充营养援助卡时，由于所购物品价钱超过限额，而支付失败，收银员耐心解决问题的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：读卡器不断拒绝他的支付。A. delaying拖延；B. declining减少，拒绝；C. searching搜索；D. repeating重复。根据后文“He’d bviusly gne ver his ____2____ fr the mnth.”可知，因为他的卡里钱不够了，所以读卡器无法通过他的支付，即拒绝他的支付。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他显然已经超过了这个月的限额。A. expectatin期望；B. demand需求；C. limit限制；D. requirement要求。根据后文第三段中“He cnfirmed the man was ver his limit fr the mnth”可知，老人购物需要的钱超过了卡上这个月的限额。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对这是怎么发生的感到困惑，对这种情况感到尴尬。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. delighted高兴的；C. excited激动的；D. frightened害怕的。根据前文“The card reader kept ____1____ his payment.”可知，老人的卡一直支付不了，所以很尴尬。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在想如果我上前提出支付差额，那人是会不高兴还是会感激时，年轻的收银员说：“先生，这种事经常发生。”A. prud骄傲的；B. grateful感谢的；C. curius好奇的；D. peaceful平静的。根据常识和后文“if I stepped in and ffered t pay the difference”等内容可知，作者想，如果帮助老人把超额的部分钱付了，老人会感谢有人相助还是不高兴让自己失去尊严呢？故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我保证我们可以一起找出解决办法。A. turn ut结果是；B. make ut理解，明白；C. wrk ut算出，想出；D. carry ut执行。根据语境和后文“a slutin”可知，收银员认为能够想出解决方案。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们身后的队伍越来越长，但收银员没有表现出任何不耐烦或愤怒。A. impatience不耐烦；B. disbelief不相信；C. disappintment失望；D. depressin抑郁。根据语境和后文“Then he tld his ld custmer that this was a cmmn ____8____ and nt a prblem at all.”可知，收银员没有表现出不耐烦，耐心地处理问题。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他确认这名男子已经超出了他一个月的限额，但并没有超出太多，所以他帮助这位顾客确定哪些东西他暂时可以不用。A. share分享；B. deliver递送；C. remember记住；D. determine确定。根据后文“which items he culd make d withut fr the time being”可知，收银员帮助老人确定哪些东西这次可以不买，让购物在限额之内。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他告诉他的老客户，这是经常发生的事情，根本不是问题。A. cmplaint抱怨；B. ccurrence发生；C. excuse借口；D. dilemma困境。根据后文“nt a prblem at all”可知，收银员解释说，这种事情经常发生，不是问题。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那位老人体面地离开了。A. discvered发现；B. increased增加；C. verlked忽视；D. preserved保存。根据语境和前文“with his dignity”可知，老人支付完毕，保住了尊严。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，他会对那家连锁杂货店有一种忠诚感。A. undubtedly毫无疑问地；B. impssibly不可能地；C. cincidentally巧合地；D. hesitantly犹豫地。根据语境和后文“have a sense f lyalty t that grcery-stre chain”可知，收银员处理得非常好，所以毫无疑问，老人会对这家店有忠诚感。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到家后，我给店长发了一封电子邮件，称赞他的善良和客户服务。A. recmmend推荐；B. frgive原谅；C. cmpliment赞美；D. cmment评论。根据语境和后文“fr his kindness and custmer service”可知，作者称赞这位收银员的善良和客户服务。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，我收到了经理的一封感谢信，他告诉我，我的评论将被收录在该员工的档案中，并在他每次升职时查看。A. included包括；B. flded折叠；C. measured测量；D. excluded排除。根据后文“in the emplyee’s file and nted each time he was up fr a ____13____”可知，作者的评论将被放进该员工的档案中。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. regulatin规则；B. negtiatin协商；C. investigatin调查；D. prmtin提升，晋职。根据语境和前文“he was up fr”可知，员工要升职，查看档案作依据。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像他的善举照亮了那天挣扎的老人的生活一样，我希望我的善举能对那位收银员的职业生涯产生积极的影响。A. defending保卫；B. struggling斗争，挣扎；C. cmpeting竞赛；D. starving挨饿。根据前文“He was cnfused abut hw it’d happened and mre than ____3____ abut the situatin.”等内容可知，收银员帮助了那天陷入困难、苦苦挣扎的老人。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impressive令人印象深刻的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. psitive积极的；D. decisive果断的。根据前文“my remarks wuld be ____12____ in the emplyee’s file and nted each time he was up fr a ____13____”以及“I hpe my act f kindness”可知，作者希望那封电子邮件对收银员的职业生涯产生积极影响。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分， 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The art f seal engraving (篆刻) is a fundatin f China’s fine arts. It has been _____36_____ inseparable part f classic Chinese art. In September 2009, China’s seal-engraving art _____37_____(add) t the list f UNESCO’s items f intangible cultural heritage.
Seal-engraving art, _____38_____(date) back t the Shang Dynasty, has a histry f mre than 3,000 years. The art frm develped rapidly during the Qin dynasty, _____39_____ peple engraved their names n utensils (器具) and in dcuments t claim wnership.
Sn after Qinshihuang unified China he rdered craftsmen t use jade t make an imperial seal called “Xi”. Nt until the Ming Dynasty did artists and schlars begin using seals engraved with their names _____40_____(mark) the wnership f their calligraphies and paintings.
In 1904, Xiling Seal Engravers’ Sciety was funded with the _____41_____(cmbine) effrts f seal artists frm different schls and places _____42_____ it was the first f its kind in China.
Tday seals are still _____43_____ wide use in fficial dcuments and private letters. With engraved seals gaining wrldwide _____44_____ (appreciate) in recent years, an increasing number f peple _____45_____ (becme) fascinated with the items.
【答案】36. an 37. was added
38. dating 39. when
40. t mark
41. cmbined
42. and 43. in
44. appreciatin
45. have becme
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的篆刻艺术。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它一直是中国古典艺术不可分割的一部分。part为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且inseparable发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2009年9月，中国篆刻艺术被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。根据时间状语“In September 2009”可知，此处为一般过去时，China’s seal-engraving art和add为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was added。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：篆刻艺术可以追溯到商代，距今已有3000多年的历史。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词has，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，Seal-engraving art和date为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填dating。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种艺术形式在秦朝迅速发展，当时人们把自己的名字刻在器具和文件上，以表明所有权。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the Qin dynasty，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：直到明代，艺术家和学者才开始使用刻有自己名字的印章来标记他们的书法和绘画的所有权。use sth. t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填t mark。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：1904年，在全国各地篆刻家的共同努力下，成立了西陵篆刻家协会，这是中国第一个篆刻家协会。空处需填形容词cmbined，作定语，修饰名词effrts。故填cmbined。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意同上。上文“在全国各地篆刻家的共同努力下，成立了西陵篆刻家协会”和下文“这是中国第一个篆刻家协会”之间是并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：今天，印章在官方文件和私人信件中仍然广泛使用。be in use为固定搭配，意为“在使用中”。故填in。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：近年来，随着镌刻印章在世界范围内的流行，越来越多的人对这些物品着迷。空处作宾语，需填名词appreciatin，此处为不可数名词。故填appreciatin。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为“an increasing number f peple”，助动词用have。故填have becme。
第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地博物馆正在展出来中国的文物。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的：
2.个人优势：
3.能做的事情。
注意： 1.词数 100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student frm China during this summer vacatin. I’m delighted t learn that vlunteer students are wanted fr a Chinese cultural relics exhibitin t be held in the lcal art gallery. Nw I’m writing t apply fr the psitin.
The reasns fr my applicatin are as fllws. First f all, having been expsed t freign teachers since a yung age, I can cmmunicate freely with thers in English. What’s mre, years f being mnitr makes me a brilliant rganizer, which will help a lt t keep the exhibitin in rder. The mst imprtant factr is that my related knwledge will undubtedly help the audience learn mre abut the unique Chinese art frm.
All in all, my sense f respnsibility will make me a qualified vlunteer. I’d appreciate it if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生写一封信申请做伦敦博物馆中国文物展的志愿者。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
首先：first f all→t begin with
另外：what’s mre→in additin
总之：all in all→in a wrd
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First f all, having been expsed t freign teachers since a yung age, I can cmmunicate freely with thers in English.
拓展句：First f all, because I have been expsed t freign teachers since a yung age, I can cmmunicate freely with thers in English.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I’m delighted t learn that vlunteer students are wanted fr a Chinese cultural relics exhibitin t be held in the lcal art gallery.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]What’s mre, years f being mnitr makes me a brilliant rganizer, which will help a lt t keep the exhibitin in rder.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 （满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的 短文。
Grady and his family g camping every summer. As it was becming htter, here came the camping time.
Having planned the camp lng, the family finally decided the destinatin --- the Great Natinal Frest. With fd, necessity and ckers laded nt the car, the family squeezed int the car. The car dr clsed, heat was shut utside.
In the car, Jared, Grady's yunger brther was playing with a ty dinsaur, making great nise. Grady's mther talked excitedly with his father. On settling in the car, Grady put n the earphne and turned n the music. He neither wanted t jin his brther nr jined any talk. After what seemed t be hurs, the car stpped where they headed. Grady threw dwn his backpack and slammed the car dr.
“This will be a lengthy week,“ he said unhappily t n ne in particular. He lked arund the campgrund. Hundreds f tall and green fir trees, sme as tall as church twers, cvered the muntainside like a green carpet. The sun wuld be setting sn. Grady thught maybe the heat wuldn't be unbearable. But actually nw in the muntain, the ht stickiness f July was clsely attached t him.
Grady hated camping, but it was smething his family stuck t every summer. His father liked cking ver an pen air, telling stries abut hw t survive things like bear attacks and bites f bees. His mther and Jared liked t hike and take pictures f animals. Jared had a cllectin f bug pictures that he had pinned t the walls in his half f their rm. Grady thught they were just scary and prf that Jared was a strange kid.
They set up camp - tw tents, ne fr his parents and ne fr himself and Jared. While everyne else started preparing dinner, Grady, lking fr sme place t cl dwn, set ff fr the nearby stream, which was deep enugh t swim in.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As Grady gt clse t the stream, an adrable bear cub (幼崽)caught his eye.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Turning arund, he saw an angry bear mving swiftly twards him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As Grady gt clse t the stream, an adrable bear cub caught his eye. Thugh Grady didn’t like animals, he culdn’t resist such a lvely bear cub measuring n mre than tw feet tall with a cute face. It was playing pretty jyfully at the edge f the stream. S absrbed was the bear cub in playing that it wasn’t aware that smene was appraching. Driven by curisity, Grady walked n tipte, mving clser t have a lk at it. Suddenly he heard a sund behind him.
Turning arund, he saw an angry bear mving swiftly twards him. Shcked and dumb, Grady was rted nt the grund fr secnds, and then dashed t their camp desperately, shuting fr help in the meantime. Frtunately, Grady’s father heard the shut in time t cme t his assistance. T their surprise, realizing the danger was away, the furry giant stpped chasing and returned t the stream, picking up her baby, and hlding it in arms tightly. In the distance, attracted by the nise, Jared and his mther were trying t take a pht f the bear cub and its mther.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了格雷迪和他的家人每年夏天都去露营。经过长期的营地计划，这家人最终决定了目的地——大国家森林。格雷迪讨厌野营，帐篷搭好后，当其他人都开始准备晚餐时，格雷迪找了个凉快的地方，向附近的小溪出发，那里足够深，可以游泳。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“格雷迪走近小溪时，一只可爱的小熊引起了他的注意。”可知，第一段可描写格雷迪由于好奇靠近小熊，突然听到有声音。
②由第二段首句内容“他转过身来，看见一只愤怒的熊迅速向他走来。”可知，第二段可描写格雷迪遇到了一只愤怒的大熊后逃生的过程以及获得了爸爸的帮助得救后，对大熊抱住孩子的场景的描述。
2.续写线索：无法抗拒小熊——小熊玩得很开心——小熊聚精会神的玩着——被好奇心驱使，Grady靠近小熊——大熊愤怒地走来——Grady惊得哑口无言——绝望地冲到营地——父亲及时赶来帮忙——为大熊抱住孩子感到惊讶
3.词汇激活
行为类
无法抗拒：culdn’t resist/hard t resist
聚精会神：be absrbed in/devte neself t
靠近：be clse t/apprach
冲：rush/dash
赶来帮忙：cme t ne’s assistance/n ne’s way t help
情绪类
高兴地：jyfully/happily/delightedly
绝望地：desperately/in despair
惊讶：t ne’s surprise/t ne’s amazement
震惊的：shcked/stunned
【点睛】[高分句型1]
S absrbed was the bear cub in playing that it wasn’t aware that smene was appraching.（s…that…引导结果状语从句，且s置于句首，使用了倒装句）
[高分句型2]
Grady was rted nt the grund fr secnds, and then dashed t their camp desperately, shuting fr help in the meantime.（shuting为现在分词作伴随状语）
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