湖北省部分省级示范高中2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中测试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份湖北省部分省级示范高中2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中测试英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Tutr Wanted
Teach a kindergartener hw t read nline.
Becme a vlunteer tutr with Learn T Be! LTB tutrs are dedicated vlunteers wh believe deeply in educatinal equity (公平). Our tutrs vlunteer their time t make the lives f under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their pprtunities greater, and their dreams bigger. Cmmit t tutring at least 2 times per week fr 3 mnths r lnger. Supprt yur students with hmewrk help r use the resurces prvided by LTB t create yur wn lessn plans fr yur student.
Visit ur website t apply:
Tutr adults in English
The Suth Bay Literacy Cuncil is an all-vlunteer, nn-prfit rganizatin dedicated t teaching adults t read, write and speak English in the Suth Bay, Ls Angeles area. Yu’d cmmit t meeting weekly with yur students nline r in-persn. We ask vlunteers t make a 9-mnth cmmitment due t the time it takes t train and match tutrs with students.
Visit ur website t apply:
Tutr fr Remve the Brders
Being a tutr fr Remve the Brders is a great pprtunity t gain vlunteer hurs while learning abut hw sciecnmic status and learning disabilities can hld students back. Dates n when yu tutr will be wrked ut between yu and the persn yu are tutring. The minimum number f sessins (课时) yu have t tutr is three.
Visit ur website t apply: httpsfrms.gle/eJ2j8BAWAAeApEQq9
Teach nline STEM classes
Acrss the cuntry, millins f students lack the resurces t learn abut STEM and cmputer science. Our nn-prfit rganizatin strives t prvide this vital area f educatin t underprivileged students thrugh engaging in nline classes. As a vlunteer teacher, yu will earn service hurs while develping critical cmmunicatin, teaching, and leadership skills. These class sessins will run fr eight weeks, and have a time cmmitment f three hurs per week.
Visit ur website t apply:
1．Wh is Learn T Be intended fr?
A. Disadvantaged K-12 students.B. Students with learning disabilities.
C. Grwn-ups interested in English.D. Infrmatin technlgy majrs.
2．Which prgram is mst suitable fr a vlunteer withut much time?
A. Teach a kindergartener hw t read nline.
B. Tutr adults in English.
C. Tutr fr Remve the Brders.
D. Teach nline STEM classes.
3．What d these fur prgrams have in cmmn?
A. Only nline service is ffered.
B. Vlunteers will develp their leadership skills.
C. Vlunteers will acquire service hurs.
D. Anyne interested in the vluntary jbs needs t sign up nline.
Befre age thirty-fur, I was a stay-at-hme mm. Then, things changed and I had t find a jb. I stumbled alng with lw-paying jbs, stress and self-dubt.
Three years later, while wrking at a cmmunity cllege, I became friends with the president’s secretary. She encuraged me t take classes and get a teaching degree. I wrestled with the idea fr several mnths and finally enrlled in ne class that fall. T my amazement, I lved schl. I lved learning. S, in the spring, I enrlled in tw classes while wrking full-time. I dubled up n classes, even ging in the summer mnths. I wn’t say it was easy. I still had all the respnsibility fr tw teenage daughters, making my huse a hme, preparing meals, planning scial events, making sure their hmewrk was dne, and finding time t d my wn hmewrk.
In ne f my lw mments, as I questined whether t cntinue with my educatin, my fifteen-year-ld daughter strlled int the rm. “What are yu ding?” she asked, “Trying t decide if I want t pursue my educatin and get a degree r nt,” I replied despndently (苦恼地). “Why are yu wndering?” she asked. “Well, I’ll be frty by the time I finally get my degree.” “Yu’ll be frty anyway,” she said matter-f-factly. “D yu want t be frty with a degree r frty withut a degree?” And then she walked ut f the rm. I stared after her in disbelief. Out f the muth f babes! In that mment, my life changed. I wanted t be frty with a cllege degree!
I dn’t knw what gt me t the finish line, but fur mnths after my frtieth birthday, I walked prudly acrss the stage t receive my Bachelr’s in Educatin. Three years later, I received my Master’s in English. That ne decisin I made s many years ag pened drs t new wrlds that I had never dreamed f befre. It changed my life in the mst beautiful way, filling it with jy, happiness, laughter and fun. And that made all the difference.
4．What inspired the authr t pursue her educatin?
A. Advice frm a friend at wrk.
B. A desire t change her career path.
C. A cnversatin with the cllege’s president.
D. Encuragement frm her teenage daughter.
5．What made the authr’s rad t her degree tugh?
A. Lack f her daughters’ supprt.
B. All the verwhelming husehld chres.
C. Financial crisis caused by lw-paying jbs.
D. Demanding learning tasks required by the curses.
6．What mtivates the authr t carry n with her educatin?
A. Prmtin at wrk.B. The desire fr a better self.
C. A newfund lve fr learning.D. A cnversatin with her friend.
7．What can best describe the authr?
A. Ambitius and curius.B. Hnest and adventurus.
C. Diligent and determined.D. Curageus and cnsiderate.
The Scrantn lace factry clsed in 2002 and sat abandned fr abut tw decades—a relic f the industrial Pennsylvania city’s glden days. Tday, abut 1,000 peple have said they’d like t rent 32 luxury apartments built inside the factry’s riginal walls fr $950 t $3600 a mnth, said prject prperty manager Michael Basalyga, wh cllected sign-ups in an nline registratin frm.
Americans wh wuld traditinally be hmewners have becme lng-term renters, including sme with n plans t ever buy a hme. Renters are changing saving patterns, generating new develpments, and inspiring businesses.
Lace Village is ne f hundreds f new rental develpments rising up t serve a wave f higher-incme and lder renters flding int America’s twns and cities searching fr luxury withut cmmitment.
“They are trying t create a cmmunity feel with all the advantages that cme with hmewnership (私房屋主) withut the burden f hmewnership,” says investment sales president Trevr Kskvich.
New subdivisins (住宅区) full f single family hmes fr rent—all but nnexistent a decade ag—are springing up frm cast t cast. Mre rentals are advertising themselves as kid-and pet-friendly and permitting renters t make necessary changes within their spaces. The nly difference: All the huses are rented, nt wned.
“It’s nt that we can’t affrd t buy a huse; it’s that we dn’t want t,” says Cuch, wh is 37and wrks in peratins fr a clinic. They had three dmestic vacatins in the past year, and increased their savings. With incme t spare, his family plans t buy new furniture and t repaint their 12-year-ld daughter’s bedrm.
With renters staying in their spaces lnger, they are mre likely t spend mney transfrming them t match their tastes and preferences. Tempaper & C., a remvable wall-paper brand, says their website traffic in the furth quarter f 2023 was mre than duble 2022’s. At Pplight, which sells light equipment, nline stre visits dubled frm Octber 2023 t Nvember 2023.
8．What can we learn abut the Scrantn lace factry?
A. It has cllected sign-ups fr rental nline.
B. It had walls that had great cmmercial values.
C. It has been transfrmed int a rental building.
D. It was in use fr abut tw decades.
9．Why have peple becme lng-term renters?
A. Because they can’t affrd t buy a huse.
B. Because they want t buy new furniture.
C. Because they plan t buy a huse when they get lder.
D. Because they can live in cmfrt withut buying a huse.
10．What might the underlined phrase “springing up” mean in Paragraph 5?
A. Starting t exist.B. Spreading quickly.
C. Planning t change.D. Develping rapidly.
11．Hw des the writer develp the last tw paragraphs?
A. By listing pinins.B. By giving examples.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By quting prfessinals.
The idea that the nrmal human bdy temperature is abut 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s becme s widely accepted that it serves as a tuchstne fr health—a diagnstic tl used by physicians and parents as a basic indicatr f whether smene is sick r well. Hwever, it turns ut that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, crrect—r, t put it mre accurately, human beings have been getting cler ver the years.
Recent studies have shwn that temperature recrds f grups f peple have tended t run lw cmpared t the accepted nrm (标准) s the Stanfrd team, led by Julie Par-snnet,MD, prfessr f medicine and f health research and plicy, decided t d a mre in-depth study t cmpare mdern measurements with histrical recrds t try t identify bdy temperature trends and, perhaps, uncver the reasn why this cling is happening.
Fr their research, the Stanfrd team lked at three distinct data sets frm tw histrical perids. After ging thrugh 677,423 temperature measurements, the team fund that men brn in the 21st century had an average bdy temperature f 0.6℃ lwer than that f thse brn in the early 19th century while mdern wmen shwed an average decrease f 0.03℃ cmpared t thse brn in the 1890s.
As t why this is happening, the researchers say that the mst likely mechanism is a reductin in the human metablic rate (代谢率) due t envirnmental factrs: One pssibility is that imprvements in public health ver 200 years have reduced the incidence f inflammatins (炎症),which prmte metablism. This cmbined with peple living mre cmfrtable lives in mre stable envirnments means that the bdy desn’t have t wrk as hard t stay warm, s the average temperature falls.
”The envirnment that we’re living in has changed, including the temperature in ur hmes, ur cntact with micrrganisms (微生物) and the fd that we have access t. All these things mean that althugh we cnsider human beings as the same fr all f human evlutin, we’re nt the same. We’re actually changing physilgically,” Parsnnet said.
12．What is Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich’s achievement?
A. He set up standards fr human health services.
B. He predicted trends in human bdy temperature.
C. He first used bdy temperature as a health indicatr.
D. He prpsed the standard human bdy temperature.
13．What can we learn abut the Stanfrd team’s study?
A. It shws wmen have a lwer bdy temperature than men.
B. It prves human bdy temperature has drpped at a faster rate.
C. It cmpared histrical and current human bdy temperature data.
D. It suggested updating the definitin f the average bdy temperature.
14．Which f the fllwing is thught t cause the decrease in human bdy temperature?
A. The imprved living cnditins.
B. The cntact with ther creatures.
C. The decline in physically demanding wrk.
D. The adaptatin f humans t climate change.
15．Which ne culd be the best title fr the text?
A. What exactly is nrmal human bdy temperature?
B. Why des human bdy temperature need measuring?
C. Human bdy temperature has decreased ver the years
D. Human bdy temperature changes with the envirnment
二、七选五
16．Are yu an “I persn” r an “E persn”？ ① _________ They are part f a ppular persnality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicatr, r MBTI. All f the results have fur letters, and there are 16 results in ttal. “I” and “E” refer t “intrverted”(内向的) and “extrverted”(外向的), respectively.
② _________ Fr example, when an intrverted persn is with a grup f intrverted friends, they might becme mre scial like an “E” persn.
Accrding t psychlgists, this idea f temprarily switching persnalities is called “masking”. ③ _________ “Human beings want t feel they belng, and they might becme peple-pleasers t d s,” wrte the MasterClass website.
Using the MBTI result t identify and describe smene’s persnality seems fun. Hwever, I went t far at ne time. My sister was excitedly making a day-t-day travel plan when I remembered frm an article that “P” peple dn’t like t make r stick t plans, s I said t her, “Yu dn’t seem like a ‘P persn’.” “Why?” she asked back. “Since when d I need t fllw what my persnality test tells me t d?” ④ _________
The MBTI persnality test may shw smething yu dn’t knw abut yurself and can even be fun ice-breaker questin when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—fun. Knwing smene’s MBTI result desn’t mean yu really knw this persn. ⑤ _________
A. Even if smene is typically quiet, many nline discussins suggest that an “I” persn can still act utging at times.
B. These tw persnality labels in particular are widely discussed nline.
C. It was then that I realized I’d taken the result t seriusly.
D. That is hiding yur true persnality in specific situatins.
E. Persnality labels als help us t tell the difference between peple.
F. But deep dwn, they mstly enjy being silent and quiet.
G. And thse fur letters f yurs dn’t define wh yu are.
三、完形填空（15空）
On July 15, a small cmmunity in Clrad witnessed an extrardinary act f bravery during a fierce wildfire. Firefighter Jhn Smith shuld have cmpleted his 1 hurs earlier, but his decisin t stay saved a family’s hme frm destructin. His mtivatin came frm the 2 t prtect his cmmunity.
As reprted by lcal news, Smith was nearing the end f his shift when he nticed a huse in the path f the 3 flames. Withut hesitatin, he 4 t the scene, aware that every secnd 5 . He quickly assessed the situatin and realized that with additinal assistance, he might save the huse.
He geared up and grabbed a hse(水龙带), 6 the flames with intense fcus. After hurs f relentless (不懈的) effrt, he managed t 7 the fire, preventing it frm spreading t the nearby residential area.
Once the danger had passed, the hmewners were 8 and culdn’t express enugh 9 t Smith. They knew that their hme wuld have been reduced t ashes withut his 10 effrts.
11 Smith, he remained humble abut his heric actins. “I was just ding my jb,” he said 12 . In his view, it was nt an achievement, but rather a duty. “Anyne in my 13 wuld have dne the same,” he added.
14 Smith and the family were strangers befre the incident, they have since frmed a strng bnd. Smith may nt have wn any fficial 15 , but his act f selflessness and curage wn the hearts f the entire cmmunity.
17．A. jurneyB. vacatinC. breakD. shift
18．A. encuragementB. hesitatinC. cmmitmentD. inspiratin
19．A. pressingB. strugglingC. advancingD. appearing
20．A. rushedB. returnedC. retreatedD. refunded
21．A. valuedB. includedC. assessedD. cunted
22．A. pushingB. battlingC. playingD. destrying
23．A. setB. placeC. cntainD. gain
24．A. verwhelmedB. disappintedC. indifferentD. ungrateful
25．A. embarrassmentB. astnishmentC. gratitudeD. genersity
26．A. timelyB. tempraryC. jintD. effrtless
27．A. But frB. As frC. Thanks tD. Regardless f
28．A. prudlyB. mdestlyC. casuallyD. willingly
29．A. psitinB. teamC. cmmunityD. family
30．A. OnceB. ThughC. SinceD. If
31．A. bnusB. prmtinC. prizeD. recgnitin
四、短文填空
32．The glden pheasant (红腹锦鸡) , knwn fr its bright feathers, ① _________ (cnsider) a symbl f gd frtune and prsperity. In the Qing Dynasty, senir fficials’ rbes were decrated② _________ glden pheasant images, as a symbl f their pwer and authrity.
Nrmally, glden pheasants act in small grups in dense frests③ _________ there are a lt f trees and bushes, and als in less dense areas and pen④ _________ (muntain) regins.
Glden pheasants mainly feed n grain, berries and seeds as well as ther kinds f vegetatin. They will als eat small⑤ _________ (insect) and invertebrates when the pprtunity arises, and their diet may change seasnally. During winter, they tend⑥ _________ (stay) clse t humans and eat wheat leaves and seeds.
They are very timid birds and will hide in dark frests and wdlands, resting in very high trees at night. Despite their flying abilities, glden pheasants ften lk fr fd n the grund, ⑦ _________ (pssible) because they are quite clumsy in flight. When⑧ _________ (shck), they can suddenly take flight with a distinctive wing sund. Observing these clrful birds in the wild is⑨ _________ (challenge). The best chance t spt them is early in⑩ _________ mrning in pen areas.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，你校英语翻译爱好者协会成功举办了中华诗词英译大赛，请你代表协会在本次活动的颁奖仪式上进行总结发言，内容包括：
1. 表示祝贺；
2. 回顾本次活动；
3. 表达希望。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear fellw schlmates,
It’s my great hnr t make a cncluding statement here.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank yu!
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a ht July day in Philadelphia and I can feel it still, 56 years later. The five bys I was with had grwn tired f playing marbles and were seeking fr smething different.
“Hey!” said freckle-faced (脸上有雀斑的) little Ned. “I gt an idea. We haven’t climbed the cliff (悬崖) fr a lng while.”
“Let’s g!” said smene else excitedly. I hesitated. I lnged t be brave and active like them, but I’d been a sickly child mst f my eight years and my mther warned me nt t take chances.
“Cme n!” called Jerry, my best friend. “Just being sick is n reasn t a cward (胆小鬼).”
“I’m cming!” I yelled, running after them.
We finally came t the cliff, a near vertical (垂直的) wall f rcks sticking ut dangerusly, and earth slides, scraggly (乱蓬蓬的) bushes and yung trees. It was nly abut 60 feet high, but t me it lked like the very symbl f the Frbidden and Impssible.
One by ne, the ther bys climbed upward, finding handhlds and tehlds n rck. Trembling and sweating, I began t climb. A hand here, a ft there, my heart punding in my skinny chest, I made my way up and up.
At sme pint, I lked back and was hrrified. The grund at the base f the cliff seemed very far belw; ne slip and I wuld fall, buncing ff the cliff face and ending n the rcks.
In a few minutes the bys started up t the tp, frm where they wuld walk hme by a rundabut (迂回) rute. Befre they left, they glanced dwn at me.
“Hey, wait!” I begged.
“Yu can stay if yu want t,” teased Ned, and the ther laughed.
Jerry lked cncerned, but he went with the thers.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Time passed and I lked dwn.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As darkness began t fall, I heard the vices f Jerry and my father.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一个项目“Our tutrs vlunteer their time t make the lives f under-served K-12 kids and their families easier, their pprtunities greater, and their dreams bigger.(我们的导师自愿奉献自己的时间，让缺课的K-12孩子和他们的家庭生活得更轻松，他们的机会更大，梦想更大)”可知，Learn T Be的援助对象是资源匮乏身为幼儿园孩子到12年级学生。故选A。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三个项目中“Dates n when yu tutr will be wrked ut between yu and the persn yu are tutring. The minimum number f sessins (课时) yu have t tutr is three.(你的辅导时间将由你和你要辅导的人确定。辅导的最少次数是三次)”以及其他三个项目的时间跨度从8个星期到9个月不等，可知，对于时间很紧而又有兴趣做志愿教师的人而言，第三个项目最合适，故选C。
3．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。本文提到了四个志愿项目，每个项目介绍的结尾都提供了一个网址，以供申请做志愿教师的人报名，即这四个项目的共同之处是都需要在网上注册。故选D。
4．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Three years later, while wrking at a cmmunity cllege, I became friends with the president’s secretary. She encuraged me t take classes and get a teaching degree.(三年后，当我在一所社区大学工作时，我和总统的秘书成了朋友。她鼓励我去上课并获得教师学位)”可知，作者在社区学校工作时，成了校长秘书的朋友，后者鼓励作者去上课并读教育学位，故选A。
5．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“I dubled up n classes, even ging in the summer mnths. I wn’t say it was easy. I still had all the respnsibility fr tw teenage daughters, making my huse a hme, preparing meals, planning scial events, making sure their hmewrk was dne, and finding time t d my wn hmewrk.(我上了两倍的课，甚至在暑假也去上课。我不会说这很容易。我仍然要承担照顾两个十几岁女儿的所有责任：把家收拾得像个家，准备饭菜，策划社交活动，确保她们完成家庭作业，还要找时间做我自己的家庭作业)”可知，家庭职责和琐碎家务使得作者的求学之路并不轻松，故选B。
6．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段““Why are yu wndering?” she asked. “Well, I’ll be frty by the time I finally get my degree.” “Yu’ll be frty anyway,” she said matter-f-factly. “D yu want t be frty with a degree r frty withut a degree?” And then she walked ut f the rm. I stared after her in disbelief. Out f the muth f babes! In that mment, my life changed. I wanted t be frty with a cllege degree!(“你为什么苦恼？”她问。“嗯，等我拿到学位的时候我就四十岁了。“反正你都要到四十岁的，”她实事求是地说。“你想在四十岁时有学位还是四十岁时没有学位？”然后她走出了房间。我难以置信地盯着她的背影。从孩子嘴里说出来的！在那一刻，我的生活改变了。我想在四十岁的时候拿到大学学位！)”可推断，希望自己的人生更好促使作者继续她的教育，故选B。
7．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“I dn’t knw what gt me t the finish line, but fur mnths after my frtieth birthday, I walked prudly acrss the stage t receive my Bachelr’s in Educatin. Three years later, I received my Master’s in English. That ne decisin I made s many years ag pened drs t new wrlds that I had never dreamed f befre. It changed my life in the mst beautiful way, filling it with jy, happiness, laughter and fun. And that made all the difference.(我不知道是什么把我带到了终点线，但在我四十岁生日四个月后，我自豪地走过讲台，接受了我的教育学学士学位。三年后，我获得了英语硕士学位。多年前我所做的一个决定为我打开了通往新世界的大门，这是我以前从未梦想过的。它以最美好的方式改变了我的生活，让我的生活充满了快乐、幸福、笑声和乐趣。这让一切都不一样了)”文章讲述了作者在37岁去求学，在忙碌的家务与工作中挤出时间学习，在面对低谷时重振精神，最终获得了学士学位乃至硕士学位，可见作者是个勤勉，有毅力的人，故选C。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“The Scrantn lace factry clsed in 2002 and sat abandned fr abut tw decades—a relic f the industrial Pennsylvania city’s glden days. Tday, abut 1,000 peple have said they’d like t rent 32 luxury apartments built inside the factry’s riginal walls fr $950 t $3600 a mnth, said prject prperty manager Michael Basalyga, wh cllected sign-ups in an nline registratin frm.(斯克兰顿花边厂于2002年关闭，被遗弃了大约20年——这是这座宾夕法尼亚工业城市黄金时代的遗迹。项目物业经理迈克尔·巴萨利加在网上搜集了注册表格，他说，如今，大约有1000人表示，他们想以每月950美元到3600美元的价格租用32套建在工厂原有围墙内的豪华公寓)”可知，斯克兰顿花边厂已被改造成出租大楼。故选C。
9．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段““They are trying t create a cmmunity feel with all the advantages that cme with hmewnership (私房屋主) withut the burden f hmewnership,” says investment sales president Trevr Kskvich.(投资销售总裁特雷弗·科斯科维奇说：“他们正试图创造一种社区感觉，既拥有住房的所有优势，又没有住房的负担。)”可推断，人们会成为长期租房者因为他们不买房子也能过得很舒适。故选D。
10．答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“New subdivisins (住宅区) full f single family hmes fr rent—all but nnexistent a decade ag”可知，新的小区里到处都是出租的独户住宅，在过去10年里几乎是不存在的，因而“are springing up frm cast t cast”表明它们现在开始存在了。故划线词意思是“开始存在”，故选A。
11．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““It’s nt that we can’t affrd t buy a huse; it’s that we dn’t want t,” says Cuch, wh is 37and wrks in peratins fr a clinic.(“并不是我们买不起房子；而是我们不想这么做，”37岁的库奇说。她在一家诊所做手术)”以及最后一段“Tempaper & C., a remvable wall-paper brand, says their website traffic in the furth quarter f 2023 was mre than duble 2022’s. At Pplight, which sells light equipment, nline stre visits dubled frm Octber 2023 t Nvember 2023.(可移动墙纸品牌Tempaper & C.表示，他们的网站流量在2023年第四季度是2022年的两倍多。在销售照明设备的plight，从2023年10月到2023年11月，网店访问量翻了一番)”可推知，作者通过举例展开最后两段。故选B。
12．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The idea that the nrmal human bdy temperature is abut 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich in 1851.(1851年，德国医生Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich首次提出了正常人体温度约为37℃的观点。）”和第二段中 的“Recent studies have shwn that temperature recrds f grups f peple have tended t run lw cmpared t the accepted nrm(最近的研究表明，与公认的标准相比，人群的体温记录往往较低）”可知，Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich提出人类标准体温大约是37°℃。 故选D项。
13．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中 的“Recent studies have shwn that temperature recrds f grups f peple have tended t run lw cmpared t the accepted nrm(标准),s the Stanfrd team, led by Julie Par-snnet, MD, prfessr f medicine and f health research and plicy, decided t d a mre in-depth study t cmpare mdern measurements with histrical recrds t try t identify bdy temperature trends and, perhaps, uncver the reasn why this cling is happening.(最近的研究表明，与公认的标准相比，人群的体温记录往往较低，因此，由医学、健康研究与 政策教授Julie Par snnet医学博士领导的斯坦福大学团队决定进行一项更深入的研究，将现代测量值与历史记录进行比较，试图确定体温趋势，揭示这种冷却现象发生的原因。）”及第三段关于两个不同历史时期体温的对比可知，该研究团队对比研究了历史和当前的人体体温数据。故选C项。
14．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“One pssibility is that imprvements in public health ver 200 years have reduced the incidence f inflammatins(炎症),which prmte metablism. This cmbined with peple living mre cmfrtable lives in mre stable envirnments means that the bdy desn't have t wrk as hard t stay warm, s the average temperature falls.(一种可能性是，200多年来公共卫生的改善降低了炎症的发生率，炎症可以促进新陈代谢。这与人们在更稳定的环境中过着更舒适的生活相结合，意味着身体不必为了保暖而努力工作，因此平均温度会下降。)”可推知，生活条件的改善使人类的标准体温降低。故选A项。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。由第一段“The idea that the nrmal human bdy temperature is abut 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it's becme s widely accepted that it serves as a tuchstne fr health-—a diagnstic tl used by physicians and parents as a basic indicatr f whether smene is sick r well. Hwever, it turns ut that this well-established fact isn't, in fact, crrect-—r, t put it mre accurately, human beings have been getting cler ver the years. (1851年，德国医生Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich 首次提出了正常人体温度约为37℃的观点。从那时起，它被广泛接受，成 为健康的试金石——医生和父母使用的诊断 工具，作为判断某人是否生病或健康的基本指标。然而，事实证明，事实上，这个公认 的事实是不正确的——或者，更准确地说，人类多年来一直在变冷。)”以及后文可知，本文介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究：自19世纪末以来，人类的标准体温有所下降，由此 推断，C项Human bdy temperature has decreased ver the years(人体温度多年来一直在下降）为最佳标题。故选C项。
16．答案：①-⑤BADCG
解析：①根据上文“Are yu an “I persn” r an “E persn”？(你是I人还是E人？)”以及后文“They are part f a ppular persnality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicatr, r MBTI. All f the results have fur letters, and there are 16 results in ttal. “I” and “E” refer t “intrverted”(内向的) and “extrverted”(外向的), respectively.(它们是一种流行的人格测试的一部分，被称为迈尔斯-布里格斯类型指标(MBTI)。所有的结果都有四个字母，总共有16个结果。“I”和“E”分别代表“内向”和“外向”)”可知，根据上下文你是“I”人还是“E”人，“I”指的是内向型人格，“E”指的是外向型人格，可知这两种人格标签是网络上广泛讨论的内容，故B选项“这两种性格标签在网上被广泛讨论”符合语境，故选B。
②根据后文“Fr example, when an intrverted persn is with a grup f intrverted friends, they might becme mre scial like an “E” persn.(例如，当一个内向的人和一群内向的朋友在一起时，他们可能会变得更像一个“E”型的人)”可知，后文例子表明当一个内向的人跟一群内向的朋友在一起时，他们可能会像外向型的人一样，因此可推断，即使一个人很安静内向，有时一个“I”人也会有外向的一面，故A选项“即使一个人是典型的沉默寡言，许多网上讨论表明，一个“I”型的人有时仍然可以表现得外向”符合语境，故选A。
③根据上文“Accrding t psychlgists, this idea f temprarily switching persnalities is called “masking”.( 根据心理学家的说法，这种暂时转换个性的想法被称为“伪装”)”可知，本句总结上文，指出“伪装”就是在特定的情况下隐藏自己的真实性格，其中masking对应hiding，故D选项“在特定情况下隐藏你的真实个性”符合语境，故选D。
④根据上文“Using the MBTI result t identify and describe smene’s persnality seems fun. Hwever, I went t far at ne time. My sister was excitedly making a day-t-day travel plan when I remembered frm an article that “P” peple dn’t like t make r stick t plans, s I said t her, “Yu dn’t seem like a ‘P persn’.” “Why?” she asked back. “Since when d I need t fllw what my persnality test tells me t d?”(用MBTI测试的结果来识别和描述一个人的性格似乎很有趣。然而，有一次我走得太远了。我妹妹正在兴奋地制定日常旅行计划，这时我想起了一篇文章，说“P”型的人不喜欢制定或坚持计划，所以我对她说：“你看起来不像“P”型的人。”“为什么？”她反问道。“从什么时候开始我需要按照我的性格测试告诉我的去做”)”可知，上文中的例子表明，作者曾经一度过于相信MBTI的定义和描述，甚至误解姐姐做旅行不像所谓的“P”型人格特点，可知，直到那时作者才发现自己过于在意这个测试结果，故C选项“那时我才意识到我把结果看得太认真了”符合语境，故选C。
⑤根据上文“The MBTI persnality test may shw smething yu dn’t knw abut yurself and can even be fun ice-breaker questin when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—fun. Knwing smene’s MBTI result desn’t mean yu really knw this persn.(MBTI人格测试可能会显示出你对自己不了解的一些东西，甚至可以成为结识新朋友时有趣的破冰问题。这就是一切——有趣。知道某人的MBTI测试结果并不意味着你真的了解这个人)”可知，MBTI人格测试可能会让你更了解自己，在结识新朋友时，我们也可以把它当作一个破冰的话题。但它就是个乐子而已。知道某人的性格测试结果并不意味着你真的了解他/她，由此可知，这四个字母的性格测试结果也并不能定义你是谁，故G选项“你的四个字母并不能定义你是谁”符合语境，故选G。
17．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：消防员约翰·史密斯本应该早几个小时完成他的轮班，但是他留下来的决定拯救了一个家庭的家园。A. jurney旅程；B. vacatin假期；C. break休息；D. shift轮班，转换。根据后文“Smith was nearing the end f his shift”指消防员完成了轮班，故选D。
18．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的动力来自于保护社区的承诺。A. encuragement鼓励；B. hesitatin犹豫；C. cmmitment承诺；D. inspiratin灵感。根据后文“t prtect his cmmunity”可知，他承诺保护社区。故选C。
19．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：据当地新闻报道，史密斯在轮班即将结束时注意到火焰蔓延的路径上有一座房子。A. pressing按压；B. struggling努力；C. advancing前进；D. appearing出现。根据后文“flames”可知，指火焰蔓延，应用advancing。故选C。
20．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他毫不犹豫地冲向现场，意识到每一秒都很重要。A. rushed急忙；B. returned返回；C. retreated撤退；D. refunded退还。根据后文“t the scene”以及火势蔓延，可知是急忙回到了现场。故选A。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他毫不犹豫地冲向现场，意识到每一秒都很重要。A. valued重视；B. included包含；C. assessed评估；D. cunted重要。根据上文“t the scene, aware that every secnd”可知，救火每一秒都很重要。故选D。
22．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他准备好，抓起一根水管，全神贯注地与火焰搏斗。A. pushing推；B. battling斗争；C. playing玩耍；D. destrying破坏。根据上文“He geared up and grabbed a hse”以及后文“the flames with intense fcus”指他抓起一根水管，全神贯注地与火焰搏斗。故选B。
23．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几个小时的不懈努力，他终于控制住了火势，阻止火势蔓延到附近的居民区。A. set设置；B. place地方；C. cntain控制；D. gain获得。根据后文“the fire, preventing it frm spreading t the nearby residential area”可知，他控制住了火势，阻止火势蔓延到附近的居民区。故选C。
24．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：危险过去后，房主们欣喜若狂，对史密斯感激不尽。A. verwhelmed被压倒的，欣喜若狂的；B. disappinted失望的；C. indifferent冷漠的；D. ungrateful不领情的。根据上文“the hmewners were”可知，史密斯救了他们的房子，所以房主们很高兴，故选A。
25．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：危险过去后，房主们欣喜若狂，对史密斯感激不尽。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. astnishment惊讶；C. gratitude感激；D. genersity慷慨。根据后文“They knew that their hme wuld have been reduced t ashes withut his”可知，房主们欣喜若狂，对史密斯感激不尽。故选C。
26．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们知道，如果没有他及时的努力，他们的家就会化为灰烬。A. timely及时的；B. temprary暂时的；C. jint联合的；D. effrtless不费力的。根据上文“their hme wuld have been reduced t ashes withut his”可知，如果没有史密斯及时的努力，他们的家就会化为灰烬。故选A。
27．答案：B
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：至于史密斯，他对自己的英雄行为保持谦虚。A. But fr除了……之外；B. As fr至于；C. Thanks t由于；D. Regardless f不管。后文“Smith, he remained humble abut his heric actins.”是在描述史密斯的反应，即至于史密斯，他对自己的英雄行为保持谦虚。故选B。
28．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我只是在做我的工作，”他谦虚地说。A. prudly傲慢地；B. mdestly谦虚地；C. casually随意地；D. willingly愿意地。根据上文“he remained humble”可知，他很谦虚。故选B。
29．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“任何人在我的位置上都会这么做，”他补充说。A. psitin位置；B. team队伍；C. cmmunity社区；D. family家庭。根据上文“In his view, it was nt an achievement, but rather a duty.(在他看来，这不是一种成就，而是一种责任)”可知，他认为任何人在他的位置上都会这么做，故选A。
30．答案：B
解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然史密斯和这家人在事件发生之前是陌生人，但他们后来建立了牢固的联系。A. Once一旦；B. Thugh虽然；C. Since既然；D. If如果。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用thugh。故选B。
31．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：史密斯可能没有赢得任何官方的认可，但是他的无私和勇气赢得了整个社区的心。A. bnus奖金；B. prmtin晋升；C. prize奖品；D. recgnitin认可。根据上文“Smith may nt have wn any fficial”此处指得到官方认可。故选D。
32．答案：①is cnsidered②with③where④muntainus⑤insects⑥t stay⑦pssibly⑧shcked⑨challenging⑩the
解析：①考查谓语动词的时态与语态。句意：红腹锦鸡以其鲜艳的羽毛而闻名，被认为是好运和繁荣的象征。分析句子结构可知，这里应该填谓语。由句意可知，红腹锦鸡被认为是好运和繁荣的象征，所以用一般现在时的被动式。故答案是is cnsidered。
②考查介词。句意：在清朝，高级官员的长袍上装饰着红腹锦鸡的图案，作为他们权力和权威的象征。be decrated with是固定搭配，意思是“被……装饰”。由句意可知，官员官服上装饰了红腹锦鸡的图案，作为权力和权威的象征。故答案是with。
③考查定语从句。句意：红腹锦鸡通常在树木和灌木丛很多的密集森林中活动，也活动在不那么密集的地区和开阔的山区。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词是dense frests，关系词充当了后面从句there are lts f trees and bushes的地点状语，所以用关系副词where来引导。故答案是where。
④考查形容词。句意：红腹锦鸡通常在树木和灌木丛很多的密集森林中活动，也活动在不那么密集的地区和开阔的山区。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列的名词结构“dense areas and pen muntainus regins”，需要用形容词修饰名词，muntain的形容词为muntainus。故答案是muntainus。
⑤考查名词单复数。句意：它们主要以谷物、浆果和种子为食，以及其他种类的植物。它们也会在有机会时吃小型昆虫和无脊椎动物，它们的饮食可能会随季节变化。分析句子结构可知，在句子“They will als eat small insects and invertebrates”中，insect与 invertebrates一样，充当eat的宾语，应该用可数名词的复数形式。故答案是insects。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意：在冬天，它们倾向于靠近人类，吃小麦的叶子和种子。tend t d sth是固定搭配，意思是“倾向于做某事”。本句意思为“冬天的时候，它们倾向于靠近人类，吃麦叶和种子。”故答案是t stay。
⑦考查副词。句意：尽管它们有飞行能力，红腹锦鸡经常在地面上寻找食物，可能是因为它们在飞行中相当笨拙。分析句子结构可知，此处应该用副词修饰后面because引导的原因状语从句。一般情况下，以-ble/-ple/-tle结尾的形容词变副词时，去e，加字母y。故答案是pssibly。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：当受到惊吓时，它们可以突然起飞，并发出独特的翅膀声响。分析句子结构可知，当受到惊吓时，红腹锦鸡会突然飞走，主语they与shck之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故答案是shcked。
⑨考查形容词。句意：观察这些多彩的鸟类在野外是一项挑战。分析句子结构可知，这里应该用一个形容词充当句子的表语，与系动词is一起构成系表结构challenging。故答案是challenging。
⑩考查冠词。句意：在开阔地区，早晨是发现它们的最佳时机。in the mrning是一个固定搭配，意思是“在上午，在早上”。故答案是the。
33．答案：
Dear fellw schlmates,
It’s my great hnr t make a cncluding statement here. At this mment, I’d like t extend my sincere cngratulatins t all f the participants.
The cmpetitin wuld nt be a great success withut the jint effrts f everyne. My hearty thanks g firstly t ur teachers, whse guidance and encuragement have given us much insight int translatin f Chinese petry. Besides, all the participants’ devtin and wnderful perfrmance impressed us a lt. Mst imprtantly, the cmpetitin has further stimulated ur passin fr Chinese petry and bsted ur cultural cnfidence.
I sincerely hpe that we students will wrk t learn English well, carry frward and spread traditinal Chinese culture.
That’s all. Thank yu!
解析：1.词汇积累
此刻：at this mment→ nw
诚挚地：sincerely→genuinely
比赛：cmpetitin→match
推进：bst→prmte
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, all the participants’ devtin and wnderful perfrmance impressed us a lt.
拓展句：Besides, what impressed us a lt is all the participants’ devtin and wnderful perfrmance.
【高分句型1】My hearty thanks g firstly t ur teachers, whse guidance and encuragement have given us much insight int translatin f Chinese petry.（运用了whse引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I sincerely hpe that we students will wrk t learn English well, carry frward and spread traditinal Chinese culture.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
34．答案： Time passed and I lked dwn. I was vercme by dizziness, fearing it was much t far and I culd never climb back dwn. I wuld lse my grasp, fall and die. But the way up t the tp was even wrse—higher, steeper, mre dangerus and I wuld never make it. I heard smene sbbing and maning; I wndered wh it was and realized that it was myself. I lay n my stmach, t hrrified t mve. Gradually, the sun disappeared frm the treetps.
As darkness began t fall, I heard the vices f Jerry and my father. “I can’t cme dwn!” I cried. “I’ll fall. I culd die!” “Yu climbed up,” my father said in a perfectly nrmal cmfrting tne. “Yu can get dwn the same way. Lk at the rck where I’m shining the light.” Father pinted the beam up, “Put yur ft n that rck.” It seemed pssible. One little step after anther, I inched backward and finally int my father’s strng arms, sbbing a little, and surprisingly, feeling a sense f accmplishment. It was a lessn I wuld never frget.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“时间流逝，我向下看”可知，第一段可描写作者心理和情感以及周边的环境。
②由第二段首句内容“夜幕降临时，我听到了杰里和父亲的声音”可知，第二段可描写作者在父亲的指导和鼓励下成功原路返回以及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：作者在原地很害怕——太阳渐渐消失——听到Jerry和父亲的声音——父亲鼓励——作者成功原路返回——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
掉落：fall /drp
哭：sb/weep
意识到：realize /be aware f
放置：put/place
情绪类
惊讶地：surprisingly/amazingly
恐惧的：hrrified/frightened
[高分句型1] That was an experience I wuld never frget. (运用了省略that的定语从句)
[高分句型2] I wndered wh it was and realized that it was myself. (运用了wh和that引导的宾语从句)