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专题15+语法填空（讲练）-2024年中考英语二轮复习讲义+练习（全国通用）
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这是一份专题15+语法填空（讲练）-2024年中考英语二轮复习讲义+练习（全国通用），文件包含专题15语法填空讲练原卷版docx、专题15语法填空讲练解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共57页， 欢迎下载使用。
中考总复习一般分为三轮：
1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。
2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体。
3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。
专题15 语法填空
语法填空是中考英语试卷最难题目之一，它的分值是10-15分，分为10个小题。短文填空一般在一篇200~250字左右的故事性短文中挖出10个空，要求学生通读短文，并根据上下文来补全短文，每空只能填一个单词。主要考九大词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、连词、冠词）。
该题旨在测试考生的英语阅读理解能力和简单的书面表达能力，看其是否能够运用所学过的英语知识进行简单的书面交流，从而达到既考查学生的语言基础知识，又考查他们的观察能力、联想能力以及对语言的综合运用能力。为了答好短文填空题目，我们要打好基础关。这个基础关既包括1600个单词，300多个短语以及一部分常用句型和习惯用语的意思和用法，也包括各种词的词形变化。
中考英语语法填空，不论是单句填空还是短文填空，主要有两种形式的空：用所给词（v、n、prn、adj、adv)的正确形式填空；无提示词填空（prep、cnj、art)。说白了，中考就考四道题：
动词变形题：时态，语态，非谓语动词
名词或代词变形题：词性转换 （形容词、副词、动词，同一词根），名词的单复数、所有格、可数与不可数
人称代词、不定代词、反身代词，形容词性物主代词后; 名词性物主代词
形容词或副词变形题：词性转换（变反义词或副词），较级或最高级的几种用法
无提示词填空题：冠词，介词，连词
（2023·浙江杭州）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。
Traffic Schl
Have yu ever driven thrugh a red traffic light? Have yu ever parked in the wrng place r driven ____1____ (fast) than the speed limit (限制)? The answers are prbably “yes”. Every year ____2____ (thusand) f drivers becme “ffenders”-they break the rules f the rad. But ___3____ are the punishments fr this ffence?
In mst cuntries drivers have t pay a fine (罚款), ____4____ (usual) $100—$300. But in the USA, Australia and sme ____5___ (Eurpe) cuntries ffenders als get pints n their driving license. After they get ___6___ certain number f pints, they can’t drive.
Life is difficult when yu can’t drive. S far sme states in the USA ____7___ (intrduce) a new way t avid this-Traffic Schl. Offenders have a chice: They can get pints n their license ___8____ they can d a curse at Traffic Schl.
Traffic Schls run “driver imprvement curses”. They cst abut $100 and take frm fur ____9____ twelve hurs. Mst peple d the curse in a classrm, but in sme states drivers can d the curse nline. Drivers learn the rules f the rad and they learn hw ___10____ (be) better drivers. They dn’t have t take a driving test, but at the end f the curse they have t pass a written examinatin.
【答案】1. faster 2. thusands 3. what 4. usually 5 Eurpean
6. a 7. have intrduced 8. if 9. t 10. t be
【解析】本文主要介绍了人们在不同国家违反交通规则的处理方法。
1.句意：你是否曾把车停错地方或超速驾驶？根据“than”可知空处需用比较级。故填faster。
2.句意：每年都有成千上万的司机成为“违规者”——他们违反交通规则。空前无具体数字，需用thusands f“数以千计的”表示泛指。故填thusands。
3.句意：但是这种罪行的惩罚是什么呢？根据“are the punishments fr this ffence?”可知是询问处罚是什么。what表示“什么”。故填what。
4.句意：在大多数国家，司机必须支付罚款，通常是100到300美元。修饰动词，需用副词形式usually表示“通常”。故填usually。
5.句意：但在美国、澳大利亚和一些欧洲国家，违规者的驾驶执照也会被扣分。修饰名词“cuntries”，需用形容词作定语。Eurpean“欧洲的”。故填Eurpean。
6.句意：在他们得到一定数量的分数之后，他们就不能开车了。a certain number f表示“一定数量的……”。故填a。
7.句意：到目前为止，美国的一些州已经推出了一种新的方法来避免这种情况——交通学校。根据“S far”可知本句需用现在完成时(have/has dne)，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have intrduced。
8.句意：违法者有一个选择：如果他们能在交通学校学习课程，他们可以在驾照上获得分数。分析句子可知，前句是后句是肯定条件，需用if表示“如果”。故填if。
9.句意：它们花费大约100美元，需要4到12个小时。表示“从……到……”，固定短语。故填t。
10.句意：司机学习道路规则，他们学习如何成为更好的司机。hw t d sth表示“如何做某事”。故填t be。
中考英语语法填空，不论是单句填空还是短文填空，主要有两种形式的空：用所给词（v、n、prn、adj、adv)的正确形式填空；无提示词填空（prep、cnj、art)。说白了，中考就考四道题：
第一道题：动词变形题 是指括号中给出了一个动词，需要对该动词进行形式变化才能符合句子要求的设题类型。此类设题主要有两个角度，其中的一个角度就是考查动词的自身变化【动词的谓语形式(时、语态变化)及非谓语形式(动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词】；另一个角度是考查动词与名词、形容词、副词的相互变化【构词法知识】；
第二道题：名词或代词变形题 名词变形题指的是对所给名词进行自身变化（名词的单数变复数、名词变成名词所有格）或者相互变化（名词变形容词、名词变动词、名词变副词）【构词法知识】；代词变形题主要考查代词的格（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词和反身代词的相互变化，甚至个别不定代词之间的变化：如：many 变成much, bth变成neither， ther变成thers 或anther, sme变any, all 变nne , few 变 little);
第三道题：形容词或副词变形题 形容词或副词变形题主要考查它们的自身变化（级的变化：原级、比较级、最高级）或者相互变化（形容词变副词、形容词变成动词、形容词变成名词、副词变成形容词）【构词法知识】；
第四道题：无提示词填空题 无提示填空题是一种在不给提示词的前提下，要求根据句意、句法或句子间逻辑关系而填空的设题。这里要填的主要是介词、连词、冠词、代词 it、关系代词/副词。由于不给提示词，实际上加大了解题的难度。解答此类题目（特别是要填的是连词）时，首先要从句意上去考虑，看看句意是否通顺连贯。然后从句子结构上去考虑，看看所填句子是简单句还是复合句，如果是复合句，就要考虑从句连接词的选择。最后从句子间的逻辑上考虑，选择适合句子间逻辑关系的词进行填充。比如因果关系要考虑s, because 等； 转折关系要考虑but, thugh; 并列关系要考虑and。如果是缺关系代词/关系副词，则要根据定语从句的句子成分来定夺。而要填的是介词时，一定要关注空格前的动词是不是vi,是vi 要考虑其搭配，更要考虑空格后的词/短语的含义，选择用合适的介词。冠词一般出现在名词或名词短语前，特别是单数可数名词前要考虑a/an。另外要注意习惯用法。
Passage 1
（2023·江苏苏州市）
请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dancing with the Light
A few years ag, I visited the Classical Gardens f Suzhu. During the visit, my attentin was drawn away frm the plants, bridges and stnes, twards ____1____ walls f the gardens. Mstly white, sme parts f the walls are lsing small ____2___ (piece) f their cvering. This creates space in which light and plants can be ____3___ (see). The walls are nt nly the bundaries f the gardens, but they als frm prtected paths that guide yu n a trip.
The memry f the white walls stayed with me. I kept ____4____ (imagine) hw many shadws (影) culd be cllected by them t dance with the light. This fantastic mment was s lively ____5____ I came back t explre it with my camera.
Wrking ____6____ (free) with these walls and their marks, I began t feel like cllecting all the stries that were painted there. Weather and time have turned these ____7____ (amaze) white walls int Chinese landscape paintings.
I ___8___ (take) the phts during the mnth f June, just after the rain. The air was full f small drps f water, shwing the light and the clr ____9____ the things arund. As clr was brn ut f a dance between light and a bdy, when phtgraphing in clr I fund ___10___ (I) enjying a mment f this dance.
Passage 2
（2024·原创）
Beijing is hlding its big event. The tw sessins (两会) are here nce again.
The tw sessins are the annual meetings f the Natinal Peple’s Cngress (NPC, 全国人民代表大会) and the Natinal Cmmittee f the Chinese Peple’s Plitical Cnsultative Cnference (中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会). Many big 1___________(decide) abut ur cuntry, like making and changing laws, 2_________ (discuss) and decided during the tw sessins.
One ht tpic at this year’s meetings is “new prductive frces” (新质生产力). It means using mdern and better ways 3___________( help )the cuntry grw. This includes using new technlgy and ideas. Fr example, Harbin’s success in 4____________(attract) turists t 5 ____________(it) ice festival shws hw it’s using new ways t grw and becme mre 6____________( envirnmental) friendly.
The term was very ppular at the prvincial-level (省级的) tw sessins and many deputies and members lked at it 7___________different ways. Fr example, in Tianjin and Chngqing, they 8___________(talk) abut hw t make these frces 9_______________ (happen) faster. Huang Yngping, 10._____________ prfessr and NPC deputy in Shanghai, said that making “new prductive frces” shuld use new technlgy in many ways.
【答案】1.decisins 2.are discussed 3.t help 4.attracting 5.its 6.envirnmentally 7.in 8.talked
9.happen, 10. a
Passage 3
（2024·深圳宝安区二模）
The traditinal Chinese Lngtaitu Festival, r Dragn-Head-Raising Festival, falls n the secnd day f the secnd lunar mnth every year. It ____36____ (recgnize) the start f spring and farming. This year it falls n February 21.
Ancient peple believed that after this day Dragn King has awakened frm his winter sleep. A well-knwn phrase ges, “Er yue er, lng tai tu”, meaning, “The dragn lifts his head ____37____ the secnd day f the secnd mnth.”
The festival celebrates ancient Chinese culture. Sme f the traditinal ____38____ (way) t celebrate it are n lnger existed, but thers are still kept well. One f ____39____ mst famus traditins is getting a haircut. Sme believe that ging t the barber n this day gets rid f (摆脱) bad luck, while thers believe that getting a haircut during the first mnth f the lunar calendar brings bad luck.
Peple in Fujian prvince ____40____ (keep) the traditin f eating tfu during the festival fr centuries. Tfu and vegetable balls ____41____ (make) t pray fr family and business. They hpe their family can keep healthy and they can d ____42____ (gd) in their wrk r business than befre. Fried beans are the traditinal festival fare fr peple in parts f Shandng prvince. Peple in Suzhu will eat chengya cakes ____43____ are made f sticky rice. It is a traditin during the festival fr them. And they even have a saying, “Yur waist (腰) wn’t hurt all year ____44____ yu eat a chengya cake n Lngtaitu.”
At the same time, ther fds are named after dragn bdy parts ____45____ (mark) the day. Ndles are dragn's beard (lng xu) and dumplings are dragn’s ears (lng er).
Passage 4
（2023·山东滨州）
阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词成情态动词。
An idl is smene wh we respect r lve. Hwever, unlike many f my classmates, my idl is nt a film star, a famus writer r a sprtsman, my idl is my dad.
Mst peple believe that a man ____51____ (g) ut and wrk. Hwever, when I was nly a five-year-ld by, I was ____52____ (serius) ill and needed attentin all the time. My dad knew hw much my mum lved her jb, s he stpped ____53____ (wrk) t stay at hme and lk after me. Many men in this situatin wuld want their ____54____ (wife) t stay with the child, but my dad always thinks abut ____55____ (ther) befre himself. This made me start t respect him.
My dad later tk a jb and wrked at night. He chse the jb s that he wuld nly be ut f the huse when I was sleeping. Since then, my dad ____56____ (help) and supprted me in everything I d. I remember when I was learning t ride a bike, my dad ran behind me and held the back f the bicycle s that I wuld nt fall. I ____57____ (feel) s safe because I knew he was near. Sn, I was able t ride by ____58____ (I).
My family is nt rich, and we d nt wn a big huse r an expensive car. My dad has shwn me that smething is ____59____ (imprtant) than mney. Althugh he nw wrks hard every day and is ften very busy, he always makes time _____60_____ (stay) with me. He helps me with my hmewrk, and plays games with me n weekends. He has als taught me that I can achieve anything if I really wrk hard n it.
My dad is my idl because he shwed me the mst imprtant things in life.
Passage 5
（2023·长沙期末统考）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the earth facing s much pllutin, mst cuntries and regins in the wrld are taking actin ___36___ (fight) against pllutin. Here are sme f the measures they have already taken.
New Energy Vehicle
France has decided t stp ___37___ (sell) any car that uses petrl (汽油) and diesel (柴油) fuel by 2040 in rder t reduce air pllutin and save energy as well. Pr families ___38___ are willing t replace lder and mre plluting cars with ___39___ (clean) nes will receive sme mney frm the gvernment. Nrway, which is the leader in the use f electric cars in Eurpe, ___40___ (want) t mve t electric-nly vehicles by 2025, as des the Netherlands.
Great green wall
Accrding t a study by NASA, China and India are the main reasns fr ___41___ (make) the Earth greener ver the past twenty years. In 1978, China began a prject which is knwn as the “Great Green Wall”. S far, the prgram ___42___ (plant) many trees in 13 prvinces and autnmus regins such as Tibet and Inner Mnglia in nrthern China. Because f China’s success in ___43___ (deal) with desertificatin (沙漠化), the United Natins Envirnment Prgram (UNEP) believes the cuntry is a gd example fr thers t fllw. China is ne f ___44___ (successful) cuntries in greening the desert and has lessns t share with the wrld.
Be straw free
Every day, Americans thrw away 500 millin plastic straws, enugh t circle the Earth twice, r fill 125 schl buses. Be Straw Free was started in America in 2011. Califrnia recently became ____45____ (ne) state (州) t stp using plastic straws in restaurants. Crpratins like Starbucks, Aramark, and American Airlines are als making an effrt t stp ffering plastic straws.
Passage 6
（2023·山东济南）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last March I lst my camera while I was n a schl trip. I left it n the bus n the way back t ____41____ (we) schl. I called the bus cmpany the next day ____42____ (check) if they culd find it, but it wasn’t there. My parents gt really angry and tld me they culdn’t buy me a new ne.
I ____43____ (knw) they were right, s I decided I wuld get ne by myself. I started thinking f ways t make and save mney. My parents ____44____ (usual) give me £8 every week, s the first thing I did was t keep the mney ____45____ the small bx n the bkcase.
I als ffered t help my uncle Alan. He’s ften away fr wrk, but he can’t ____46____ (take) his dg with him. I started t lk after his dg when he wasn’t at hme. After sme time, my uncle’s neighbrs saw me. They asked me if I culd help with their cats, dgs and rabbits, t. S, I started wrking fr three ____47____ (family) living acrss the street.
In less than three mnths I had enugh mney t buy a new camera. It was the same as the ne I had lst, but t me it was much ____48____ (nice). I paid fr it with ____49____ mney I made and it felt very different. This experience teaches me what it means t wrk hard and I ____50____ (learn) that yu must be careful with the things yu have, because they take a lt f hard wrk.
Passage 7
（2023·深圳中学校联考一模）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
We all heard the stry f Nvwa patching up (修补) the sky with melted clured stnes. Many years passed and trubles brke ut again. One f them ___21___ (be) a big fld. It appeared in the Yellw River during the rule f Emperr Ya, and the peple ___22___ (frce) t give up their villages and g t live in trees r muntains. The fld brught great damage t the ___23___ (peple) life. Emperr Ya felt srry fr the suffering f the peple, s he asked Gun t slve the prblem. Receiving the rder, Gun led his team t build dikes (堤坝) t keep back the water ___24___ failed. Then Shun, the next emperr, rdered Gun’s sn Yu t cntinue with the wrk after Gun died.
Yu accepted the wrk and fund that it was much ___25___ (difficult) than he had thught. But he fught against the great fld bravely. Fr thirteen years, he put ___26___ (he) t his wrk. He passed his huse three times but he did nt enter it. Drawing a lessn frm his father’s failure, he used methds f channeling and dredging (挖道和疏浚) and cntrlled the great fld ___27___ (success). He did s much ___28___ the peple that they called him “Yu the Great” and Emperr Shun chse him as the next emperr.
Yu wn the trust f his emperr and the peple with his great effrt. He was such ___29___ wise, strng-minded and great persn that he is wrth _____30_____ (learn) frm. We will remember him frever.
Passage 8
（2023·广东深圳·统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
In ancient China, when friends r relatives were separating, they wuld pick a willw twig (柳条) and give it t the persn wh was leaving. This was t express ____31____ (they) wish fr him t stay. In Chinese, the wrd fr “willw” is prnunced the same ____32____ the wrd fr “stay.”
Many Chinese pets liked writing abut willws in their wrks. One f ____33____ (famus) pems is A Farewell Sng (《送元二使安西》) by Wang Wei. It reads,
N dust is raised n the rad wet with mrning rain,
The willws by the htel lk s fresh and green.
I invite yu ____34____ (drink) a cup f wine again,
West f the Sunny Pass n mre ____35____ (friend) will be seen.
Nwadays, willw twigs can als be seen in mdern art. There was an amazing perfrmance abut willw twigs. 365 peple ____36____ (hld) willw twigs in their hands n the green stage. At the same time, ____37____ ancient painting f weeping willws (垂柳) appeared n the LED screen. The setting f 365 peple std fr 365 days, and the clur green meant the return f spring. The perfrmance ____38____ (praise) highly by the audience. “I was ____39____ (deep) attracted by traditinal Chinese culture,” ne f them said.
In shrt, giving a willw twig t a persn is nt saying gdbye ____40____ asking him t stay. This is the beauty f Chinese culture.
Passage 9
（2023·广东深圳·校考模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Have yu ever seen the film Frrest Gump(《阿甘正传》)? There’s ____41____ famus saying in it, “Life is like a bx f chclates. Yu never knw what yu’re gnna get.” The surprise is part f the fun. It is nt nly frm the chclates yu find in the bx but als the prcess (过程) f ____42____ (pen) the bx. Nw blind bx tys have becme very ppular since they ____43____ (intrduce) t China. Blind bx tys are hidden inside the same packaging (包装). S the buyers dn’t knw what is in the bxes until they pen ____44____ (they). The mst ppular tys in the blind bxes are cute characters ____45____ cme frm pp mvies, cmics and cartns. There ____46____ (be) a few special nes in many cmmn bxes. “Maybe the next ne is a gld ty. My wish is ____47____ (pen) anther bx!” said ne buyer. As a result, peple will pen mre blind bxes and hpe fr a better result.
Besides expecting gd results, peple als enjy the surprise and uncertain mysteries. “Opening a blind bx like pening a birthday gift is an enjyable surprise fr ur simple daily lives said a 24-year-ld girl. ____48____ I pen these simple little bxes, I feel disappinted (失望的) at ne, but I feel ____49____ (excite) at anther.” A fear f the unknwn is always a part f the bx-pening prcess, and _____50_____ (wait) fr the uncertainty is anther part f the fun.
Passage 10
阅读下面短文，在空格处填一个适当的词或者使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定位置上。
If yu were in Xi’an n April 8, yu might feel like yu were back in ancient China. The catwalk shws and traditinal music cncerts ____51____ (hld) by peple wearing traditinal Chinese clthing. Hanfu fans frm ver China gt tgether there t take pictures and pst them nline fr a Hanfu pht cmpetitin. It was s ppular ____52____ everyne had a wnderful time. It is the first Chinese Hanfu Day, ____53____ lasted until May 8.
China Hanfu Day is n the third day f the third mnth f the Chinese lunar calendar, and this day is said t be the birthday f the Yellw Emperr. In ancient China, this day was als knwn ____54____ Shanghai Festival. Its purpse is t encurage yung Chinese t take ____55____ (prud) in traditinal clthing, as well as Chinese culture.
Hanfu is the traditinal clthing f the Han peple wh lived in China befre the Qing Dynasty. It has a histry f abut 3,000 years and it ____56____ (change) greatly s far. But sme f its main characteristic(特点) remain. Fr example, the main characteristic f Hanfu is that it usually uses ribbns(系带) instead f buttns. Hanfu brings us back t the ancient fashin. ____57____ we dn’t knw the number f peple wh wear Hanfu tday, we can find Hanfu clubs in almst every city.
China is becming ____58____ leading cuntry in the wrld, and the Chinese public feels ____59____ (cnfident) abut its traditinal culture than ever befre. Wearing traditinal clthing might be an interesting was f shwing ____60____ they feel abut this.
Passage 11
（2023-24·长沙期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the earth facing s much pllutin, mst cuntries and regins in the wrld are taking actin ___36___ (fight) against pllutin. Here are sme f the measures they have already taken.
New Energy Vehicle
France has decided t stp ___37___ (sell) any car that uses petrl (汽油) and diesel (柴油) fuel by 2040 in rder t reduce air pllutin and save energy as well. Pr families ___38___ are willing t replace lder and mre plluting cars with ___39___ (clean) nes will receive sme mney frm the gvernment. Nrway, which is the leader in the use f electric cars in Eurpe, ___40___ (want) t mve t electric-nly vehicles by 2025, as des the Netherlands.
Great green wall
Accrding t a study by NASA, China and India are the main reasns fr ___41___ (make) the Earth greener ver the past twenty years. In 1978, China began a prject which is knwn as the “Great Green Wall”. S far, the prgram ___42___ (plant) many trees in 13 prvinces and autnmus regins such as Tibet and Inner Mnglia in nrthern China. Because f China’s success in ___43___ (deal) with desertificatin (沙漠化), the United Natins Envirnment Prgram (UNEP) believes the cuntry is a gd example fr thers t fllw. China is ne f ___44___ (successful) cuntries in greening the desert and has lessns t share with the wrld.
Be straw free
Every day, Americans thrw away 500 millin plastic straws, enugh t circle the Earth twice, r fill 125 schl buses. Be Straw Free was started in America in 2011. Califrnia recently became ____45____ (ne) state (州) t stp using plastic straws in restaurants. Crpratins like Starbucks, Aramark, and American Airlines are als making an effrt t stp ffering plastic straws.
Passage 12（原创）
Life is full f farewells (告别). That’s perhaps why this theme has been written abut by pets arund the wrld. It’s sad t say gdbye t ur friends and family members. Instead f simply expressing sadness, many pets see farewells frm a psitive perspective (乐观的视角). Let’s see.
送元二使安西
唐·王维
渭城朝雨浥轻尘，
客舍青青柳色新。
劝君更尽一杯酒，
西出阳关无故人。
A Farewell Sng
Wang Wei
N dust is raised n the rad wet with mrning rain;
The willws by the htel lk s fresh and green.
I invite yu t drink a cup f wine again;
West f the sunny pass n mre friends will be seen.
(Translated by Xu Yuanchng)
“A Farewell Sng” is a famus pem by Wang Wei, a well-knwn pet frm China’s Tang Dynasty. He is famus ____1____（介词） his deep and tuching _____2______(describe) f nature and emtins.
Wang Wei was nt just a pet, but als an artist and a gvernment fficial. He _____3____(like) t make his pems peaceful and make readers _____4____(think )abut themselves. His pems ften shw hw peple and nature can live tgether______5____ peacefully.
Lking at the style f writing, the pet uses simple language ____6____(关系代词) is filled with emtin. The line, “N dust is raised n the rad wet with mrning rain,” creates a peaceful image f a quiet mrning, which is like a peaceful mment befre smething big happens. “The willws by the htel lk s fresh and green”, adds t the peaceful and hpeful feeling by ____7______(paint) a picture f fresh, new spring. The willw branches (柳树) _____8______(cnsider) as a typical symbl f farewell in China. In ancient times, Chinese peple ften used them as a parting (分别的) gift between friends and family.
“I invite yu t drink a cup f wine again” is the pet’s warm and real way f nt wanting t say gdbye t his friend. Having anther drink tgether is like a symbl f ___9_______ (they) gdbye. Lastly, "West f the sunny pass n mre friends will be seen” shws the feeling f being alne and missing smene. Als shws his sincere (真诚的) lve and care fr his friend.
In general, this pem creates a feeling f quiet ____10______(sad). It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings t deeply express the universal experience f saying gdbye.
Passage 13
（2023·山东潍坊）
阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。
“I suddenly understd,” Valeria said, “why Mari wanted t buy the farm. He and Pagani were busy ____26____ (wrk) tgether during this perid, I’m sure. They must have burned the farm dwn, Rbert. They culd have killed yu!”
“I can’t believe it,” Rbert said. “My wn uncle wuldn’t d that. It’s ____27____ (pssible).”
“But it must be true, Rbert,” Valeria said. “It’s the nly explanatin.”
In the evening, Inspectr (警官) Pavne telephned and asked t speak t Rbert. “S far yur uncle ____28____ (tell) us everything. He burned yur farm dwn t make yu ____29____ (sell) it. Pagani knew that land prices wuld g up when a big cmpany mved t the twn. Then he and yur uncle made a prject ____30____ (build) shps and huses n yur land s that they culd sell them fr a prfit. They wuld have becme terribly wealthy!”
Rbert culd nt speak. His wn uncle had lied t him and almst killed him.
“Yur uncle and Pagani are bth criminals (罪犯),” the inspectr said. “Yur uncle is a flish and greedy man. He gt himself int sme ____31____ (danger) business. They must pay fr their ____32____ (act).”
Rbert held the telephne ____33____ (quiet) with eyes full f tears.
The inspectr was right. Mari and Pagani ____34____ (put) int prisn sn. Rbert did nt feel happy, sad r angry abut them. He was t ____35____ (disappint) t feel anything.
Sme mnths passed. Rbert began t think abut the future.
Passage 14
（2023·山东临沂）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was early spring, and there was a light fg(雾) ver the trees and fields. I and the ther yung hrses ____26____ (eat) at the lwer end f the field when we heard the cry f dgs far away. The ___27___ (ld) amng us lifted his head t listen. “There are the dgs!” he said, and ran away at nce. We fllwed him t the tp ___28___ the field.
My mther and anther ld hrse were standing near. “They have fund a hare(野兔),” said my mther, “and if they cme this way, we ___29___ (see) the hunt(打猎).”
Sn the dgs were all running dwn the field next t urs, making alud “y-y-y” sund at the tp f their vices. After then came men n hrses as fast as they culd. Suddenly, the dgs became ___30___ (silence) and ran arund with their nses t the grund.
“They ___31___ (lse) the smell f the hare already,” said the ld hrse. “Perhaps she will run away.”
But the dgs began their “y-y-y” again and came at full speed twards ur field. Just then a hare, wild with fear, ran twards the trees. The dgs jumped ver a small river and ran acrss the field. Six r eight huntsmen(猎人) jumped their hrses ver ___32___ small river, clse behind the dgs. Befre the hare culd get away, the dgs were upn her with wild cries.
We heard a terrible cry, and that was the end f the hare. She ___33___ (pick) up by ne f the men. She was cvered in bld, but all the huntsmen seemed pleased.
I was ___34___ surprised that at first I didn’t see what was happening by the river. Later I saw a sad sight(景象)—tw hrses were dwn and the riders were hurt.
My mther said, “I can’t understand why men like this sprt s much. They quite ften hurt ___35___ (they) and gd hrses.”
Passage 15
（2023· 杭州一模）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Search f Gd English Fd
Hw cme it is s difficult t find English fd in England? In England, it is ___36___ (easy) t find Indian and Chinese restaurants than English nes. In Lndn, yu can eat dishes almst arund the wrld, but where are the English restaurants?
It is nt nly in restaurants that freign dishes are taking the place f ___37___ (traditin) British fd. In every supermarket, spaghetti and pizza are mre ppular. Why has this happened? What is wrng with the cks f Britain that they prefer cking spaghetti t ___38___ (ptat)? Why d the British nw like cking in wine and live il? That’s ___39___ they can get ingredients (食材) frm all ver the wrld in just a few hurs. Anyway, was’t English fd always terrible and tasteless? The answer t this questin is “N”, but ___40___ (understand) this, yu have t g back t befre Wrld War I.
___41___ fact, the British have always imprted(口) fd frm abrad. Frm ancient times, freign trade was ___42___ main influence n British cking. English kitchens gt ingredients frm all ver the wrld. All f them ___43___ (use) in British dishes successfully. Anther imprtant influence n British cking was ___44___ (certain) the weather. Fr the British, the gd ld rain gives ___45___ (they) rich sil and green grass. That means they are able t prduce sme f the finest meat, fruit and vegetables, which dn’t need many sauces (调料) t cver their taste.
Passage 16
（2023·杭州西湖一模）
Fr thusands f years, peple used animals such as hrses t get frm ne place t anther. Then, at the beginning f ___36___ 20th century, the inventin f cars ___37___ (change) the way we mved arund frever. It tk nly a few years fr peple ___38___ (make) the mve frm animals t cars, s the mve frm petrl (汽油) cars t driverless electric cars will be even ___39___ (fast).
Traffic ___40___ (create) huge envirnmental prblems, s cities and twns arund the wrld are lking fr slutins (解决办法). Scientists have invented driverless cars that run n electricity instead ___41___ petrl. Cmpute scientists have develped sftware (软件) fr transprtatin. If we put these inventins tgether, we culd ___42___ (final) free ur cities frm traffic.
If there was mre prgress in transprt technlgy, we wuldn’t need t wn ___43___ (car) anymre. Instead we’d call a driverless car when necessary. ___44___ wuld take us where we wanted t g and we’d get anther ne t g hme. Driverless electric cars can wrk 24 hurs a day, _____45_____ we als wuldn’t need s many car parks. Electricity is much cleaner than petrl, s the air wuld be cleaner t.
Passage 17
（2023· 山东济南一模）
Traditinal Chinese festivals are an imprtant part f Chinese culture. The Duble Ninth Festival has a histry f ver 2,000 years. Climbing a muntain ____61____ (be) the traditin f the Duble Ninth Festival since the Western Han Dynasty. But hw many peple tday still fllw this traditin? In mdern ____62____ (scial), many traditinal Chinese festivals are becming less and less ppular.
Traditinal festivals ____63____ (true) teach us a lt abut ur natin’s histry. The Dragn Bat Festival, fr example, ____64____ (celebrate) in hnr f Qu Yuan, wh is a great pet living in the Warring States perid f ancient China.
Besides, traditinal festivals make it pssible fr us ____65____ (learn) mre abut the fine Chinese values. Many festivals, such as the Mid-Autumn Festival have a caring, family-centred message. The full mn ____66____ the festival is cnsidered t stand fr family tgetherness. Family members ____67____ (cme) back hme even if they live very far away. With the celebratins f these festivals, yunger generatins learn t hnr fine Chinese values.
Finally, traditinal festivals are a surce f natinal pride and help shape ur natinal identity. Fr example, we celebrate the Hanshi Festival and the Laba Festival with special ____68____ (custm), and these shared experiences bring us tgether as a peple.
Traditinal festivals have been gradually passed dwn t us frm earlier generatins. They tell us ____69____ we are and fill us with pride in being Chinese. S it is ur duty t prtect ____70____ (their) fr generatins t cme.
Passage 18
（2023·湖北襄樊一模）
When Suansuan first read The land f Peach Blssm (《桃花源记》) in her high schl Chinese textbk, she didn’t think t much abut it. One day in cllege, she remembered ____36____ essay again. After furthering her studies, she realized that there is mre than she first saw t the 320-wrd text.
Fr example, the land f peach blssm nt nly appears in Ta Yuanming’s essay, but als in many pems, paintings and ____37____ (play). The fisherman in the text desn’t have a name, fr he is a symbl f a special grup f peple—the hermits (隐士). Suansuan als cmpares the “cave heaven (洞天)” in Taism (道教) ____38____ the “Allegry f the Cave (洞穴隐喻)” by ancient Greek philspher Plat.
The simple text became much mre fun and attractive t Suansuan. She want ____39____ (share) her ideas with mre peple—by making vides. T better present her ideas, she paints in her vides. Fr a vide under 10 minutes in length, she may draw up t 80 drafts (画稿).
Starting in May 2019, she ____40____ (make) mre than 50 vides. Seven are abut the ____41____ (hide) stries behind sme texts in Chinese textbks. The rest ____42____ (be) abut learning methds and ther wrks f literature (文学). These have earned her mre than 1.5 millin fans n Bilibili, many f whm are teenagers. They have left bullet cmments and messages f thanks. They say she has made their schl life ____43____ (interesting).
Suansuan said the tw things ____44____ bring her the mst happiness are learning and ____45____ (create). Making vides cmbines bth. S she will keep ding it.
Passage 19
（2023· 山东济南一模）
In the small villages f Kenya (肯尼亚), Africa, mst kids want t read bks. But ____41____ rads g t their hmes, nly miles and miles f sand. Cars and trucks are nt ____42____ (use), s library bks arrive n the packs f camels. Camels can handle (应付) the sand and the bks. Tw camels, a camel driver, and a librarian ____43____ (walk) t the villages tgether. One camel carries abut 180 ____44____ (kil) f bks, and the ther carries a tent. At each village, the librarian sets up the tent and shws the bks t the kids inside. Tw weeks later, the camels cme back with new bks.
Sme peple in the muntains f ____45____ (nrth) Thailand get bks in a different way. Their “libraries” are carried ____46____ elephants. These animals can handle the difficult jurney. ____47____ they are large, they can carry many bks in metal cases. The metal prtects the bks frm the heavy rains that fall in the area.
Indnesia has ____48____ (it) wn difficulties. The cuntry has ver 17000 islands. Mst peple travel by bat and they als carry their bks by bat. A library bat hlds abut 500 bks in bxes. Bxes f bks are left in villages and are traded fr new bks a few weeks ____49____ (late).
Fr peple wh live far and can’t get t a library, this kind f library can bring mre than bks. It ____50____ (bring) a whle wrld f infrmatin.
Passage 20
（2023·山东枣庄一模）
Zhang Yugun is head f Heihumia Primary Schl in Henan Prvince. He is a persnfull f lve and respnsibility.
After graduatin in 2001, Zhang chse t wrk ____26____ the pr cuntryside. Over the past 21 years, he ____27____ (see) many teachers cme and g because f the pr cnditins in the village. Hwever, he has stayed n and made every effrt t help the children deal with their ____28____ (prblem).
One winter, travelling n the muntain rad was much ____29____ (difficult) than usual. The schl was abut t start, but thse ____30____ (student) bks were still in a twn utside the village. Then Zhang and anther teacher left early in the mrning with a shulder ple(扁担). They carried back kils f bks. When they ____31____ (get) t the schl, they were bth cvered in mud(泥), but the bks were prtected ____32____ (gd). In 2006, a cement rad(水泥路) ____33____ (build) in the village. S Zhang started t carry the bks with a mtrbike. ____34____ fur mtrbikes brke dwn, he never stpped.
In rder t prvide better care fr the students whse parents had left the village t find wrk in the city, Zhang asked his wife t give up her jb ____35____ (help) ck and clean fr the students. Thanks t the teachers like Zhang, the students in Heihumia Primary Schl are able t learn at schl and hpe fr a brighter future.
Passage 21
（2023·深圳南山一模 ）
What d yu think f rabbits in Chinese culture? As we celebrate the Year f the Rabbit, it is wrth ____36____ (ntice) that the rabbit has been spread and enriched as a cultural image all arund the wrld.
The Metrplitan Museum f Art in New Yrk, US, fr example, ____37____ (hld) its wn “Celebrating the Year f the Rabbit” art exhibitin ____38____ Jan 21. This exhibitin presents 16 utstanding Chinese wrks. They shw hw rabbits have been a famus artistic subject ____39____ancient times. The museum has als taken care ____40____ (explain) the mythical (神话的) meaning behind rabbits in China t visitrs. The exhibitin can help t spread the ppularity f rabbit culture ____41____ (wide). Just as the museum’s fficial website describes, “the rabbit is ____42____ ppular animal in Chinese literature and flklres (民间传说). It ____43____ (believe) t live n the mn and help the gddess Chang’e by preparing her elixir f immrtality (长生不老药).”
These rabbit ____44____ (wrk) f art have seen wide attractin glbally. The pst by the Metrplitan Museum f Art which annunced the pening f _____45_____ (they) “Celebrating the Year f the Rabbit” exhibitin received mre than 10,000 views n Twitter and 2,600 likes n Facebk.
Passage 22
（2023·深圳中学一模）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
In ancient China, when friends r relatives were separating, they wuld pick a willw twig (柳条) and give it t the persn wh was leaving. This was t express ____36____ (they) wish fr him t stay. In Chinese, the wrd fr “willw” is prnunced the same ____37____ the wrd fr “stay.”
Many Chinese pets liked writing abut willws in their wrks. One f ____38____ (famus) pems is A Farewell Sng (《送元二使安西》) by Wang Wei. It reads,
N dust is raised n the rad wet with mrning rain,
The willws by the htel lk s fresh and green.
I invite yu ____39____ (drink) a cup f wine again,
West f the Sunny Pass n mre ____40____ (friend) will be seen.
Nwadays, willw twigs can als be seen in mdern art. There was an amazing perfrmance abut willw twigs. 365 peple ____41____ (hld) willw twigs in their hands n the green stage. At the same time, ____42____ ancient painting f weeping willws (垂柳) appeared n the LED screen. The setting f 365 peple std fr 365 days, and the clur green meant the return f spring. The perfrmance ____43____ (praise) highly by the audience. “I was ____44____ (deep) attracted by traditinal Chinese culture,” ne f them said.
In shrt, giving a willw twig t a persn is nt saying gdbye ____45____ asking him t stay. This is the beauty f Chinese culture.
Passage 23
（2023·深圳福田一模）
As many freigners cme t Guilin, a city well-knwn fr its beautiful scenery, they ___36___ (attract) by a traditinal Tai Chi schl there while enjying the amazing view.
“I ___37___ (real) like Chinese Kung Fu, but my bdy is nt suitable fr intensive (高强度的) exercise. Tai Chi helps me realize my Kung Fu dream,” said Greg Shaffer, ___38___ American wh was 64 years ld.
Tw years ag, he ___39___ (find) the Yangshu Traditinal Tai Chi Schl by chance and the beautiful scenery made him stay there ___40___ (learn) Tai Chi.
At first, Shaffer was nt gd ___41___ it. But after a year f hard wrk, he is nw a middle-level student. “The key t practising Tai Chi is t be slw. Yu just feel the breath and mvement in slw mtin, and nw I learn a ___42___ (balance) life lessn in it,” said Shaffer. In his view, Tai Chi nt nly helps him keep fit, ___43___ als enables him t appreciate the charm f Chinese culture.
Accrding t Wu Yuping, the head f the schl, mre than 2,000 verseas students cming frm ver 120 cuntries have studied there ___44___ it was built in 2010. “Chinese Kung Fu is a cultural card and als a bridge fr internatinal ____45____ (cmmunicate). I hpe mre peple can cme here t knw abut Chinese culture while learning Tai Chi,” he said.
Passage 24
（2023·深圳多校联考一模）
Scial media is a platfrm where peple frm all ver the wrld can cnnect and interact with each ther. It has becme ne f the ____36____ (big) platfrms ever in histry and has changed s many things in ur life. Students are als using scial media in a number f ____37____ (way).
Scial media prvides a platfrm fr students ____38____ (learn) and cmmunicate. It makes students’ life mre cnvenient ____39____ clrful. Scial learning has been invlved in almst all the e-learning websites. Students can als take advantage f live vide that is a part ____40____ s many scial netwrking sites (社交网站) t take classes.
Scial media als ffers students ____41____ tl t express themselves.
Many students are scared f the thught f what ____42____ (happen) if they express themselves. And scial media ____43____ (help) them t share their thughts withut any fear, making it mre likely fr them t cme ut f the bx and explre their talents. When students ____44____ (active) take part in scial media, they may cme t a glbal level. Fr instance, they can even learn abut the different curses presented by universities frm all arund the wrld, which is beneficial fr ____45____ (they) t imprve their knwledge f freign cultures.
Passage 25
（2023·湖北襄樊市）
读下面的短文，在短文空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式，使短文的意思完整，并将所填答案填写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
Did ancient peple plant trees? They didn’t have a special day t plant trees like Tree Planting Day, ___1__ the traditin f planting trees has been there fr a lng time. Back then, it was always __2__ (rain) arund the Qingming Festival in spring. The trees that were planted arund this time had better cnditins t grw than usual, s peple frmed the custm f planting trees arund the Qingming Festival.
There were many kinds f trees. Hwever, mulberry trees (桑树) and fruit trees were ___3___ (ppular) f all. T feed the silkwrms (蚕), mre mulberry leaves __4___ (need). Silk came frm the silkwrms, and then was made int silk clthes and traded between the east and the west f the wrld. Amng the ancient peple wh suggested __5___ (get) trees t ffer fd and clthes, there was a man whse name is well-knwn, Mencius (孟子).
Dng Feng, a famus dctr in the Three Kingdm Perid (三国时期), saved many ___6__ (patient) lives fr free. He nly asked them t plant aprict trees (杏树) n a hill. Gradually, a frest f aprict trees grew n ___7___ hill. That’s why we nw praise a dctr wh has excellent skills with the wrds “warmth in an aprict frest.”
Each dynasty has different tree planting prjects. Li Shimin, Emperr Taizng f the Tang Dynasty __8___ (persn) planted a ginkg tree (银杏树) in a temple in Chang’an. 1,400 years later, the ginkg tree is still grwing. S far, the temple ___9__ (becme) a ppular place fr turists.
S, ____10____ Tree Planting Day next year, d yu want t plant a tree with yur wishes n it?
中考总复习一般分为三轮：
1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。
2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体。
3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。
专题15 语法填空
语法填空是中考英语试卷最难题目之一，它的分值是10-15分，分为10个小题。短文填空一般在一篇200~250字左右的故事性短文中挖出10个空，要求学生通读短文，并根据上下文来补全短文，每空只能填一个单词。主要考九大词类（名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词、介词、连词、冠词）。
该题旨在测试考生的英语阅读理解能力和简单的书面表达能力，看其是否能够运用所学过的英语知识进行简单的书面交流，从而达到既考查学生的语言基础知识，又考查他们的观察能力、联想能力以及对语言的综合运用能力。为了答好短文填空题目，我们要打好基础关。这个基础关既包括1600个单词，300多个短语以及一部分常用句型和习惯用语的意思和用法，也包括各种词的词形变化。
中考英语语法填空，不论是单句填空还是短文填空，主要有两种形式的空：用所给词（v、n、prn、adj、adv)的正确形式填空；无提示词填空（prep、cnj、art)。说白了，中考就考四道题：
动词变形题：时态，语态，非谓语动词
名词或代词变形题：词性转换 （形容词、副词、动词，同一词根），名词的单复数、所有格、可数与不可数
人称代词、不定代词、反身代词，形容词性物主代词后; 名词性物主代词
形容词或副词变形题：词性转换（变反义词或副词），较级或最高级的几种用法
无提示词填空题：冠词，介词，连词
（2023·浙江杭州）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。
Traffic Schl
Have yu ever driven thrugh a red traffic light? Have yu ever parked in the wrng place r driven ____1____ (fast) than the speed limit (限制)? The answers are prbably “yes”. Every year ____2____ (thusand) f drivers becme “ffenders”-they break the rules f the rad. But ___3____ are the punishments fr this ffence?
In mst cuntries drivers have t pay a fine (罚款), ____4____ (usual) $100—$300. But in the USA, Australia and sme ____5___ (Eurpe) cuntries ffenders als get pints n their driving license. After they get ___6___ certain number f pints, they can’t drive.
Life is difficult when yu can’t drive. S far sme states in the USA ____7___ (intrduce) a new way t avid this-Traffic Schl. Offenders have a chice: They can get pints n their license ___8____ they can d a curse at Traffic Schl.
Traffic Schls run “driver imprvement curses”. They cst abut $100 and take frm fur ____9____ twelve hurs. Mst peple d the curse in a classrm, but in sme states drivers can d the curse nline. Drivers learn the rules f the rad and they learn hw ___10____ (be) better drivers. They dn’t have t take a driving test, but at the end f the curse they have t pass a written examinatin.
【答案】1. faster 2. thusands 3. what 4. usually 5 Eurpean
6. a 7. have intrduced 8. if 9. t 10. t be
【解析】本文主要介绍了人们在不同国家违反交通规则的处理方法。
1.句意：你是否曾把车停错地方或超速驾驶？根据“than”可知空处需用比较级。故填faster。
2.句意：每年都有成千上万的司机成为“违规者”——他们违反交通规则。空前无具体数字，需用thusands f“数以千计的”表示泛指。故填thusands。
3.句意：但是这种罪行的惩罚是什么呢？根据“are the punishments fr this ffence?”可知是询问处罚是什么。what表示“什么”。故填what。
4.句意：在大多数国家，司机必须支付罚款，通常是100到300美元。修饰动词，需用副词形式usually表示“通常”。故填usually。
5.句意：但在美国、澳大利亚和一些欧洲国家，违规者的驾驶执照也会被扣分。修饰名词“cuntries”，需用形容词作定语。Eurpean“欧洲的”。故填Eurpean。
6.句意：在他们得到一定数量的分数之后，他们就不能开车了。a certain number f表示“一定数量的……”。故填a。
7.句意：到目前为止，美国的一些州已经推出了一种新的方法来避免这种情况——交通学校。根据“S far”可知本句需用现在完成时(have/has dne)，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have intrduced。
8.句意：违法者有一个选择：如果他们能在交通学校学习课程，他们可以在驾照上获得分数。分析句子可知，前句是后句是肯定条件，需用if表示“如果”。故填if。
9.句意：它们花费大约100美元，需要4到12个小时。表示“从……到……”，固定短语。故填t。
10.句意：司机学习道路规则，他们学习如何成为更好的司机。hw t d sth表示“如何做某事”。故填t be。
中考英语语法填空，不论是单句填空还是短文填空，主要有两种形式的空：用所给词（v、n、prn、adj、adv)的正确形式填空；无提示词填空（prep、cnj、art)。说白了，中考就考四道题：
第一道题：动词变形题 是指括号中给出了一个动词，需要对该动词进行形式变化才能符合句子要求的设题类型。此类设题主要有两个角度，其中的一个角度就是考查动词的自身变化【动词的谓语形式(时、语态变化)及非谓语形式(动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词】；另一个角度是考查动词与名词、形容词、副词的相互变化【构词法知识】；
第二道题：名词或代词变形题 名词变形题指的是对所给名词进行自身变化（名词的单数变复数、名词变成名词所有格）或者相互变化（名词变形容词、名词变动词、名词变副词）【构词法知识】；代词变形题主要考查代词的格（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词和反身代词的相互变化，甚至个别不定代词之间的变化：如：many 变成much, bth变成neither， ther变成thers 或anther, sme变any, all 变nne , few 变 little);
第三道题：形容词或副词变形题 形容词或副词变形题主要考查它们的自身变化（级的变化：原级、比较级、最高级）或者相互变化（形容词变副词、形容词变成动词、形容词变成名词、副词变成形容词）【构词法知识】；
第四道题：无提示词填空题 无提示填空题是一种在不给提示词的前提下，要求根据句意、句法或句子间逻辑关系而填空的设题。这里要填的主要是介词、连词、冠词、代词 it、关系代词/副词。由于不给提示词，实际上加大了解题的难度。解答此类题目（特别是要填的是连词）时，首先要从句意上去考虑，看看句意是否通顺连贯。然后从句子结构上去考虑，看看所填句子是简单句还是复合句，如果是复合句，就要考虑从句连接词的选择。最后从句子间的逻辑上考虑，选择适合句子间逻辑关系的词进行填充。比如因果关系要考虑s, because 等； 转折关系要考虑but, thugh; 并列关系要考虑and。如果是缺关系代词/关系副词，则要根据定语从句的句子成分来定夺。而要填的是介词时，一定要关注空格前的动词是不是vi,是vi 要考虑其搭配，更要考虑空格后的词/短语的含义，选择用合适的介词。冠词一般出现在名词或名词短语前，特别是单数可数名词前要考虑a/an。另外要注意习惯用法。
Passage 1
（2023·江苏苏州市）
请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dancing with the Light
A few years ag, I visited the Classical Gardens f Suzhu. During the visit, my attentin was drawn away frm the plants, bridges and stnes, twards ____1____ walls f the gardens. Mstly white, sme parts f the walls are lsing small ____2___ (piece) f their cvering. This creates space in which light and plants can be ____3___ (see). The walls are nt nly the bundaries f the gardens, but they als frm prtected paths that guide yu n a trip.
The memry f the white walls stayed with me. I kept ____4____ (imagine) hw many shadws (影) culd be cllected by them t dance with the light. This fantastic mment was s lively ____5____ I came back t explre it with my camera.
Wrking ____6____ (free) with these walls and their marks, I began t feel like cllecting all the stries that were painted there. Weather and time have turned these ____7____ (amaze) white walls int Chinese landscape paintings.
I ___8___ (take) the phts during the mnth f June, just after the rain. The air was full f small drps f water, shwing the light and the clr ____9____ the things arund. As clr was brn ut f a dance between light and a bdy, when phtgraphing in clr I fund ___10___ (I) enjying a mment f this dance.
Passage 2
（2024·原创）
Beijing is hlding its big event. The tw sessins (两会) are here nce again.
The tw sessins are the annual meetings f the Natinal Peple’s Cngress (NPC, 全国人民代表大会) and the Natinal Cmmittee f the Chinese Peple’s Plitical Cnsultative Cnference (中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会). Many big 1___________(decide) abut ur cuntry, like making and changing laws, 2_________ (discuss) and decided during the tw sessins.
One ht tpic at this year’s meetings is “new prductive frces” (新质生产力). It means using mdern and better ways 3___________( help )the cuntry grw. This includes using new technlgy and ideas. Fr example, Harbin’s success in 4____________(attract) turists t 5 ____________(it) ice festival shws hw it’s using new ways t grw and becme mre 6____________( envirnmental) friendly.
The term was very ppular at the prvincial-level (省级的) tw sessins and many deputies and members lked at it 7___________different ways. Fr example, in Tianjin and Chngqing, they 8___________(talk) abut hw t make these frces 9_______________ (happen) faster. Huang Yngping, 10._____________ prfessr and NPC deputy in Shanghai, said that making “new prductive frces” shuld use new technlgy in many ways.
【答案】1.decisins 2.are discussed 3.t help 4.attracting 5.its 6.envirnmentally 7.in 8.talked
9.happen, 10. a
Passage 3
（2024·深圳宝安区二模）
The traditinal Chinese Lngtaitu Festival, r Dragn-Head-Raising Festival, falls n the secnd day f the secnd lunar mnth every year. It ____36____ (recgnize) the start f spring and farming. This year it falls n February 21.
Ancient peple believed that after this day Dragn King has awakened frm his winter sleep. A well-knwn phrase ges, “Er yue er, lng tai tu”, meaning, “The dragn lifts his head ____37____ the secnd day f the secnd mnth.”
The festival celebrates ancient Chinese culture. Sme f the traditinal ____38____ (way) t celebrate it are n lnger existed, but thers are still kept well. One f ____39____ mst famus traditins is getting a haircut. Sme believe that ging t the barber n this day gets rid f (摆脱) bad luck, while thers believe that getting a haircut during the first mnth f the lunar calendar brings bad luck.
Peple in Fujian prvince ____40____ (keep) the traditin f eating tfu during the festival fr centuries. Tfu and vegetable balls ____41____ (make) t pray fr family and business. They hpe their family can keep healthy and they can d ____42____ (gd) in their wrk r business than befre. Fried beans are the traditinal festival fare fr peple in parts f Shandng prvince. Peple in Suzhu will eat chengya cakes ____43____ are made f sticky rice. It is a traditin during the festival fr them. And they even have a saying, “Yur waist (腰) wn’t hurt all year ____44____ yu eat a chengya cake n Lngtaitu.”
At the same time, ther fds are named after dragn bdy parts ____45____ (mark) the day. Ndles are dragn's beard (lng xu) and dumplings are dragn’s ears (lng er).
Passage 4
（2023·山东滨州）
阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词成情态动词。
An idl is smene wh we respect r lve. Hwever, unlike many f my classmates, my idl is nt a film star, a famus writer r a sprtsman, my idl is my dad.
Mst peple believe that a man ____51____ (g) ut and wrk. Hwever, when I was nly a five-year-ld by, I was ____52____ (serius) ill and needed attentin all the time. My dad knew hw much my mum lved her jb, s he stpped ____53____ (wrk) t stay at hme and lk after me. Many men in this situatin wuld want their ____54____ (wife) t stay with the child, but my dad always thinks abut ____55____ (ther) befre himself. This made me start t respect him.
My dad later tk a jb and wrked at night. He chse the jb s that he wuld nly be ut f the huse when I was sleeping. Since then, my dad ____56____ (help) and supprted me in everything I d. I remember when I was learning t ride a bike, my dad ran behind me and held the back f the bicycle s that I wuld nt fall. I ____57____ (feel) s safe because I knew he was near. Sn, I was able t ride by ____58____ (I).
My family is nt rich, and we d nt wn a big huse r an expensive car. My dad has shwn me that smething is ____59____ (imprtant) than mney. Althugh he nw wrks hard every day and is ften very busy, he always makes time _____60_____ (stay) with me. He helps me with my hmewrk, and plays games with me n weekends. He has als taught me that I can achieve anything if I really wrk hard n it.
My dad is my idl because he shwed me the mst imprtant things in life.
Passage 5
（2023·长沙期末统考）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the earth facing s much pllutin, mst cuntries and regins in the wrld are taking actin ___36___ (fight) against pllutin. Here are sme f the measures they have already taken.
New Energy Vehicle
France has decided t stp ___37___ (sell) any car that uses petrl (汽油) and diesel (柴油) fuel by 2040 in rder t reduce air pllutin and save energy as well. Pr families ___38___ are willing t replace lder and mre plluting cars with ___39___ (clean) nes will receive sme mney frm the gvernment. Nrway, which is the leader in the use f electric cars in Eurpe, ___40___ (want) t mve t electric-nly vehicles by 2025, as des the Netherlands.
Great green wall
Accrding t a study by NASA, China and India are the main reasns fr ___41___ (make) the Earth greener ver the past twenty years. In 1978, China began a prject which is knwn as the “Great Green Wall”. S far, the prgram ___42___ (plant) many trees in 13 prvinces and autnmus regins such as Tibet and Inner Mnglia in nrthern China. Because f China’s success in ___43___ (deal) with desertificatin (沙漠化), the United Natins Envirnment Prgram (UNEP) believes the cuntry is a gd example fr thers t fllw. China is ne f ___44___ (successful) cuntries in greening the desert and has lessns t share with the wrld.
Be straw free
Every day, Americans thrw away 500 millin plastic straws, enugh t circle the Earth twice, r fill 125 schl buses. Be Straw Free was started in America in 2011. Califrnia recently became ____45____ (ne) state (州) t stp using plastic straws in restaurants. Crpratins like Starbucks, Aramark, and American Airlines are als making an effrt t stp ffering plastic straws.
Passage 6
（2023·山东济南）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last March I lst my camera while I was n a schl trip. I left it n the bus n the way back t ____41____ (we) schl. I called the bus cmpany the next day ____42____ (check) if they culd find it, but it wasn’t there. My parents gt really angry and tld me they culdn’t buy me a new ne.
I ____43____ (knw) they were right, s I decided I wuld get ne by myself. I started thinking f ways t make and save mney. My parents ____44____ (usual) give me £8 every week, s the first thing I did was t keep the mney ____45____ the small bx n the bkcase.
I als ffered t help my uncle Alan. He’s ften away fr wrk, but he can’t ____46____ (take) his dg with him. I started t lk after his dg when he wasn’t at hme. After sme time, my uncle’s neighbrs saw me. They asked me if I culd help with their cats, dgs and rabbits, t. S, I started wrking fr three ____47____ (family) living acrss the street.
In less than three mnths I had enugh mney t buy a new camera. It was the same as the ne I had lst, but t me it was much ____48____ (nice). I paid fr it with ____49____ mney I made and it felt very different. This experience teaches me what it means t wrk hard and I ____50____ (learn) that yu must be careful with the things yu have, because they take a lt f hard wrk.
Passage 7
（2023·深圳中学校联考一模）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
We all heard the stry f Nvwa patching up (修补) the sky with melted clured stnes. Many years passed and trubles brke ut again. One f them ___21___ (be) a big fld. It appeared in the Yellw River during the rule f Emperr Ya, and the peple ___22___ (frce) t give up their villages and g t live in trees r muntains. The fld brught great damage t the ___23___ (peple) life. Emperr Ya felt srry fr the suffering f the peple, s he asked Gun t slve the prblem. Receiving the rder, Gun led his team t build dikes (堤坝) t keep back the water ___24___ failed. Then Shun, the next emperr, rdered Gun’s sn Yu t cntinue with the wrk after Gun died.
Yu accepted the wrk and fund that it was much ___25___ (difficult) than he had thught. But he fught against the great fld bravely. Fr thirteen years, he put ___26___ (he) t his wrk. He passed his huse three times but he did nt enter it. Drawing a lessn frm his father’s failure, he used methds f channeling and dredging (挖道和疏浚) and cntrlled the great fld ___27___ (success). He did s much ___28___ the peple that they called him “Yu the Great” and Emperr Shun chse him as the next emperr.
Yu wn the trust f his emperr and the peple with his great effrt. He was such ___29___ wise, strng-minded and great persn that he is wrth _____30_____ (learn) frm. We will remember him frever.
Passage 8
（2023·广东深圳·统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
In ancient China, when friends r relatives were separating, they wuld pick a willw twig (柳条) and give it t the persn wh was leaving. This was t express ____31____ (they) wish fr him t stay. In Chinese, the wrd fr “willw” is prnunced the same ____32____ the wrd fr “stay.”
Many Chinese pets liked writing abut willws in their wrks. One f ____33____ (famus) pems is A Farewell Sng (《送元二使安西》) by Wang Wei. It reads,
N dust is raised n the rad wet with mrning rain,
The willws by the htel lk s fresh and green.
I invite yu ____34____ (drink) a cup f wine again,
West f the Sunny Pass n mre ____35____ (friend) will be seen.
Nwadays, willw twigs can als be seen in mdern art. There was an amazing perfrmance abut willw twigs. 365 peple ____36____ (hld) willw twigs in their hands n the green stage. At the same time, ____37____ ancient painting f weeping willws (垂柳) appeared n the LED screen. The setting f 365 peple std fr 365 days, and the clur green meant the return f spring. The perfrmance ____38____ (praise) highly by the audience. “I was ____39____ (deep) attracted by traditinal Chinese culture,” ne f them said.
In shrt, giving a willw twig t a persn is nt saying gdbye ____40____ asking him t stay. This is the beauty f Chinese culture.
Passage 9
（2023·广东深圳·校考模拟预测）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Have yu ever seen the film Frrest Gump(《阿甘正传》)? There’s ____41____ famus saying in it, “Life is like a bx f chclates. Yu never knw what yu’re gnna get.” The surprise is part f the fun. It is nt nly frm the chclates yu find in the bx but als the prcess (过程) f ____42____ (pen) the bx. Nw blind bx tys have becme very ppular since they ____43____ (intrduce) t China. Blind bx tys are hidden inside the same packaging (包装). S the buyers dn’t knw what is in the bxes until they pen ____44____ (they). The mst ppular tys in the blind bxes are cute characters ____45____ cme frm pp mvies, cmics and cartns. There ____46____ (be) a few special nes in many cmmn bxes. “Maybe the next ne is a gld ty. My wish is ____47____ (pen) anther bx!” said ne buyer. As a result, peple will pen mre blind bxes and hpe fr a better result.
Besides expecting gd results, peple als enjy the surprise and uncertain mysteries. “Opening a blind bx like pening a birthday gift is an enjyable surprise fr ur simple daily lives said a 24-year-ld girl. ____48____ I pen these simple little bxes, I feel disappinted (失望的) at ne, but I feel ____49____ (excite) at anther.” A fear f the unknwn is always a part f the bx-pening prcess, and _____50_____ (wait) fr the uncertainty is anther part f the fun.
Passage 10
阅读下面短文，在空格处填一个适当的词或者使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定位置上。
If yu were in Xi’an n April 8, yu might feel like yu were back in ancient China. The catwalk shws and traditinal music cncerts ____51____ (hld) by peple wearing traditinal Chinese clthing. Hanfu fans frm ver China gt tgether there t take pictures and pst them nline fr a Hanfu pht cmpetitin. It was s ppular ____52____ everyne had a wnderful time. It is the first Chinese Hanfu Day, ____53____ lasted until May 8.
China Hanfu Day is n the third day f the third mnth f the Chinese lunar calendar, and this day is said t be the birthday f the Yellw Emperr. In ancient China, this day was als knwn ____54____ Shanghai Festival. Its purpse is t encurage yung Chinese t take ____55____ (prud) in traditinal clthing, as well as Chinese culture.
Hanfu is the traditinal clthing f the Han peple wh lived in China befre the Qing Dynasty. It has a histry f abut 3,000 years and it ____56____ (change) greatly s far. But sme f its main characteristic(特点) remain. Fr example, the main characteristic f Hanfu is that it usually uses ribbns(系带) instead f buttns. Hanfu brings us back t the ancient fashin. ____57____ we dn’t knw the number f peple wh wear Hanfu tday, we can find Hanfu clubs in almst every city.
China is becming ____58____ leading cuntry in the wrld, and the Chinese public feels ____59____ (cnfident) abut its traditinal culture than ever befre. Wearing traditinal clthing might be an interesting was f shwing ____60____ they feel abut this.
Passage 11
（2023-24·长沙期末）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With the earth facing s much pllutin, mst cuntries and regins in the wrld are taking actin ___36___ (fight) against pllutin. Here are sme f the measures they have already taken.
New Energy Vehicle
France has decided t stp ___37___ (sell) any car that uses petrl (汽油) and diesel (柴油) fuel by 2040 in rder t reduce air pllutin and save energy as well. Pr families ___38___ are willing t replace lder and mre plluting cars with ___39___ (clean) nes will receive sme mney frm the gvernment. Nrway, which is the leader in the use f electric cars in Eurpe, ___40___ (want) t mve t electric-nly vehicles by 2025, as des the Netherlands.
Great green wall
Accrding t a study by NASA, China and India are the main reasns fr ___41___ (make) the Earth greener ver the past twenty years. In 1978, China began a prject which is knwn as the “Great Green Wall”. S far, the prgram ___42___ (plant) many trees in 13 prvinces and autnmus regins such as Tibet and Inner Mnglia in nrthern China. Because f China’s success in ___43___ (deal) with desertificatin (沙漠化), the United Natins Envirnment Prgram (UNEP) believes the cuntry is a gd example fr thers t fllw. China is ne f ___44___ (successful) cuntries in greening the desert and has lessns t share with the wrld.
Be straw free
Every day, Americans thrw away 500 millin plastic straws, enugh t circle the Earth twice, r fill 125 schl buses. Be Straw Free was started in America in 2011. Califrnia recently became ____45____ (ne) state (州) t stp using plastic straws in restaurants. Crpratins like Starbucks, Aramark, and American Airlines are als making an effrt t stp ffering plastic straws.
Passage 12（原创）
Life is full f farewells (告别). That’s perhaps why this theme has been written abut by pets arund the wrld. It’s sad t say gdbye t ur friends and family members. Instead f simply expressing sadness, many pets see farewells frm a psitive perspective (乐观的视角). Let’s see.
送元二使安西
唐·王维
渭城朝雨浥轻尘，
客舍青青柳色新。
劝君更尽一杯酒，
西出阳关无故人。
A Farewell Sng
Wang Wei
N dust is raised n the rad wet with mrning rain;
The willws by the htel lk s fresh and green.
I invite yu t drink a cup f wine again;
West f the sunny pass n mre friends will be seen.
(Translated by Xu Yuanchng)
“A Farewell Sng” is a famus pem by Wang Wei, a well-knwn pet frm China’s Tang Dynasty. He is famus ____1____（介词） his deep and tuching _____2______(describe) f nature and emtins.
Wang Wei was nt just a pet, but als an artist and a gvernment fficial. He _____3____(like) t make his pems peaceful and make readers _____4____(think )abut themselves. His pems ften shw hw peple and nature can live tgether______5____ peacefully.
Lking at the style f writing, the pet uses simple language ____6____(关系代词) is filled with emtin. The line, “N dust is raised n the rad wet with mrning rain,” creates a peaceful image f a quiet mrning, which is like a peaceful mment befre smething big happens. “The willws by the htel lk s fresh and green”, adds t the peaceful and hpeful feeling by ____7______(paint) a picture f fresh, new spring. The willw branches (柳树) _____8______(cnsider) as a typical symbl f farewell in China. In ancient times, Chinese peple ften used them as a parting (分别的) gift between friends and family.
“I invite yu t drink a cup f wine again” is the pet’s warm and real way f nt wanting t say gdbye t his friend. Having anther drink tgether is like a symbl f ___9_______ (they) gdbye. Lastly, "West f the sunny pass n mre friends will be seen” shws the feeling f being alne and missing smene. Als shws his sincere (真诚的) lve and care fr his friend.
In general, this pem creates a feeling f quiet ____10______(sad). It mixes beautiful pictures and human feelings t deeply express the universal experience f saying gdbye.
Passage 13
（2023·山东潍坊）
阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。
“I suddenly understd,” Valeria said, “why Mari wanted t buy the farm. He and Pagani were busy ____26____ (wrk) tgether during this perid, I’m sure. They must have burned the farm dwn, Rbert. They culd have killed yu!”
“I can’t believe it,” Rbert said. “My wn uncle wuldn’t d that. It’s ____27____ (pssible).”
“But it must be true, Rbert,” Valeria said. “It’s the nly explanatin.”
In the evening, Inspectr (警官) Pavne telephned and asked t speak t Rbert. “S far yur uncle ____28____ (tell) us everything. He burned yur farm dwn t make yu ____29____ (sell) it. Pagani knew that land prices wuld g up when a big cmpany mved t the twn. Then he and yur uncle made a prject ____30____ (build) shps and huses n yur land s that they culd sell them fr a prfit. They wuld have becme terribly wealthy!”
Rbert culd nt speak. His wn uncle had lied t him and almst killed him.
“Yur uncle and Pagani are bth criminals (罪犯),” the inspectr said. “Yur uncle is a flish and greedy man. He gt himself int sme ____31____ (danger) business. They must pay fr their ____32____ (act).”
Rbert held the telephne ____33____ (quiet) with eyes full f tears.
The inspectr was right. Mari and Pagani ____34____ (put) int prisn sn. Rbert did nt feel happy, sad r angry abut them. He was t ____35____ (disappint) t feel anything.
Sme mnths passed. Rbert began t think abut the future.
Passage 14
（2023·山东临沂）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was early spring, and there was a light fg(雾) ver the trees and fields. I and the ther yung hrses ____26____ (eat) at the lwer end f the field when we heard the cry f dgs far away. The ___27___ (ld) amng us lifted his head t listen. “There are the dgs!” he said, and ran away at nce. We fllwed him t the tp ___28___ the field.
My mther and anther ld hrse were standing near. “They have fund a hare(野兔),” said my mther, “and if they cme this way, we ___29___ (see) the hunt(打猎).”
Sn the dgs were all running dwn the field next t urs, making alud “y-y-y” sund at the tp f their vices. After then came men n hrses as fast as they culd. Suddenly, the dgs became ___30___ (silence) and ran arund with their nses t the grund.
“They ___31___ (lse) the smell f the hare already,” said the ld hrse. “Perhaps she will run away.”
But the dgs began their “y-y-y” again and came at full speed twards ur field. Just then a hare, wild with fear, ran twards the trees. The dgs jumped ver a small river and ran acrss the field. Six r eight huntsmen(猎人) jumped their hrses ver ___32___ small river, clse behind the dgs. Befre the hare culd get away, the dgs were upn her with wild cries.
We heard a terrible cry, and that was the end f the hare. She ___33___ (pick) up by ne f the men. She was cvered in bld, but all the huntsmen seemed pleased.
I was ___34___ surprised that at first I didn’t see what was happening by the river. Later I saw a sad sight(景象)—tw hrses were dwn and the riders were hurt.
My mther said, “I can’t understand why men like this sprt s much. They quite ften hurt ___35___ (they) and gd hrses.”
Passage 15
（2023· 杭州一模）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Search f Gd English Fd
Hw cme it is s difficult t find English fd in England? In England, it is ___36___ (easy) t find Indian and Chinese restaurants than English nes. In Lndn, yu can eat dishes almst arund the wrld, but where are the English restaurants?
It is nt nly in restaurants that freign dishes are taking the place f ___37___ (traditin) British fd. In every supermarket, spaghetti and pizza are mre ppular. Why has this happened? What is wrng with the cks f Britain that they prefer cking spaghetti t ___38___ (ptat)? Why d the British nw like cking in wine and live il? That’s ___39___ they can get ingredients (食材) frm all ver the wrld in just a few hurs. Anyway, was’t English fd always terrible and tasteless? The answer t this questin is “N”, but ___40___ (understand) this, yu have t g back t befre Wrld War I.
___41___ fact, the British have always imprted(口) fd frm abrad. Frm ancient times, freign trade was ___42___ main influence n British cking. English kitchens gt ingredients frm all ver the wrld. All f them ___43___ (use) in British dishes successfully. Anther imprtant influence n British cking was ___44___ (certain) the weather. Fr the British, the gd ld rain gives ___45___ (they) rich sil and green grass. That means they are able t prduce sme f the finest meat, fruit and vegetables, which dn’t need many sauces (调料) t cver their taste.
Passage 16
（2023·杭州西湖一模）
Fr thusands f years, peple used animals such as hrses t get frm ne place t anther. Then, at the beginning f ___36___ 20th century, the inventin f cars ___37___ (change) the way we mved arund frever. It tk nly a few years fr peple ___38___ (make) the mve frm animals t cars, s the mve frm petrl (汽油) cars t driverless electric cars will be even ___39___ (fast).
Traffic ___40___ (create) huge envirnmental prblems, s cities and twns arund the wrld are lking fr slutins (解决办法). Scientists have invented driverless cars that run n electricity instead ___41___ petrl. Cmpute scientists have develped sftware (软件) fr transprtatin. If we put these inventins tgether, we culd ___42___ (final) free ur cities frm traffic.
If there was mre prgress in transprt technlgy, we wuldn’t need t wn ___43___ (car) anymre. Instead we’d call a driverless car when necessary. ___44___ wuld take us where we wanted t g and we’d get anther ne t g hme. Driverless electric cars can wrk 24 hurs a day, _____45_____ we als wuldn’t need s many car parks. Electricity is much cleaner than petrl, s the air wuld be cleaner t.
Passage 17
（2023· 山东济南一模）
Traditinal Chinese festivals are an imprtant part f Chinese culture. The Duble Ninth Festival has a histry f ver 2,000 years. Climbing a muntain ____61____ (be) the traditin f the Duble Ninth Festival since the Western Han Dynasty. But hw many peple tday still fllw this traditin? In mdern ____62____ (scial), many traditinal Chinese festivals are becming less and less ppular.
Traditinal festivals ____63____ (true) teach us a lt abut ur natin’s histry. The Dragn Bat Festival, fr example, ____64____ (celebrate) in hnr f Qu Yuan, wh is a great pet living in the Warring States perid f ancient China.
Besides, traditinal festivals make it pssible fr us ____65____ (learn) mre abut the fine Chinese values. Many festivals, such as the Mid-Autumn Festival have a caring, family-centred message. The full mn ____66____ the festival is cnsidered t stand fr family tgetherness. Family members ____67____ (cme) back hme even if they live very far away. With the celebratins f these festivals, yunger generatins learn t hnr fine Chinese values.
Finally, traditinal festivals are a surce f natinal pride and help shape ur natinal identity. Fr example, we celebrate the Hanshi Festival and the Laba Festival with special ____68____ (custm), and these shared experiences bring us tgether as a peple.
Traditinal festivals have been gradually passed dwn t us frm earlier generatins. They tell us ____69____ we are and fill us with pride in being Chinese. S it is ur duty t prtect ____70____ (their) fr generatins t cme.
Passage 18
（2023·湖北襄樊一模）
When Suansuan first read The land f Peach Blssm (《桃花源记》) in her high schl Chinese textbk, she didn’t think t much abut it. One day in cllege, she remembered ____36____ essay again. After furthering her studies, she realized that there is mre than she first saw t the 320-wrd text.
Fr example, the land f peach blssm nt nly appears in Ta Yuanming’s essay, but als in many pems, paintings and ____37____ (play). The fisherman in the text desn’t have a name, fr he is a symbl f a special grup f peple—the hermits (隐士). Suansuan als cmpares the “cave heaven (洞天)” in Taism (道教) ____38____ the “Allegry f the Cave (洞穴隐喻)” by ancient Greek philspher Plat.
The simple text became much mre fun and attractive t Suansuan. She want ____39____ (share) her ideas with mre peple—by making vides. T better present her ideas, she paints in her vides. Fr a vide under 10 minutes in length, she may draw up t 80 drafts (画稿).
Starting in May 2019, she ____40____ (make) mre than 50 vides. Seven are abut the ____41____ (hide) stries behind sme texts in Chinese textbks. The rest ____42____ (be) abut learning methds and ther wrks f literature (文学). These have earned her mre than 1.5 millin fans n Bilibili, many f whm are teenagers. They have left bullet cmments and messages f thanks. They say she has made their schl life ____43____ (interesting).
Suansuan said the tw things ____44____ bring her the mst happiness are learning and ____45____ (create). Making vides cmbines bth. S she will keep ding it.
Passage 19
（2023· 山东济南一模）
In the small villages f Kenya (肯尼亚), Africa, mst kids want t read bks. But ____41____ rads g t their hmes, nly miles and miles f sand. Cars and trucks are nt ____42____ (use), s library bks arrive n the packs f camels. Camels can handle (应付) the sand and the bks. Tw camels, a camel driver, and a librarian ____43____ (walk) t the villages tgether. One camel carries abut 180 ____44____ (kil) f bks, and the ther carries a tent. At each village, the librarian sets up the tent and shws the bks t the kids inside. Tw weeks later, the camels cme back with new bks.
Sme peple in the muntains f ____45____ (nrth) Thailand get bks in a different way. Their “libraries” are carried ____46____ elephants. These animals can handle the difficult jurney. ____47____ they are large, they can carry many bks in metal cases. The metal prtects the bks frm the heavy rains that fall in the area.
Indnesia has ____48____ (it) wn difficulties. The cuntry has ver 17000 islands. Mst peple travel by bat and they als carry their bks by bat. A library bat hlds abut 500 bks in bxes. Bxes f bks are left in villages and are traded fr new bks a few weeks ____49____ (late).
Fr peple wh live far and can’t get t a library, this kind f library can bring mre than bks. It ____50____ (bring) a whle wrld f infrmatin.
Passage 20
（2023·山东枣庄一模）
Zhang Yugun is head f Heihumia Primary Schl in Henan Prvince. He is a persnfull f lve and respnsibility.
After graduatin in 2001, Zhang chse t wrk ____26____ the pr cuntryside. Over the past 21 years, he ____27____ (see) many teachers cme and g because f the pr cnditins in the village. Hwever, he has stayed n and made every effrt t help the children deal with their ____28____ (prblem).
One winter, travelling n the muntain rad was much ____29____ (difficult) than usual. The schl was abut t start, but thse ____30____ (student) bks were still in a twn utside the village. Then Zhang and anther teacher left early in the mrning with a shulder ple(扁担). They carried back kils f bks. When they ____31____ (get) t the schl, they were bth cvered in mud(泥), but the bks were prtected ____32____ (gd). In 2006, a cement rad(水泥路) ____33____ (build) in the village. S Zhang started t carry the bks with a mtrbike. ____34____ fur mtrbikes brke dwn, he never stpped.
In rder t prvide better care fr the students whse parents had left the village t find wrk in the city, Zhang asked his wife t give up her jb ____35____ (help) ck and clean fr the students. Thanks t the teachers like Zhang, the students in Heihumia Primary Schl are able t learn at schl and hpe fr a brighter future.
Passage 21
（2023·深圳南山一模 ）
What d yu think f rabbits in Chinese culture? As we celebrate the Year f the Rabbit, it is wrth ____36____ (ntice) that the rabbit has been spread and enriched as a cultural image all arund the wrld.
The Metrplitan Museum f Art in New Yrk, US, fr example, ____37____ (hld) its wn “Celebrating the Year f the Rabbit” art exhibitin ____38____ Jan 21. This exhibitin presents 16 utstanding Chinese wrks. They shw hw rabbits have been a famus artistic subject ____39____ancient times. The museum has als taken care ____40____ (explain) the mythical (神话的) meaning behind rabbits in China t visitrs. The exhibitin can help t spread the ppularity f rabbit culture ____41____ (wide). Just as the museum’s fficial website describes, “the rabbit is ____42____ ppular animal in Chinese literature and flklres (民间传说). It ____43____ (believe) t live n the mn and help the gddess Chang’e by preparing her elixir f immrtality (长生不老药).”
These rabbit ____44____ (wrk) f art have seen wide attractin glbally. The pst by the Metrplitan Museum f Art which annunced the pening f _____45_____ (they) “Celebrating the Year f the Rabbit” exhibitin received mre than 10,000 views n Twitter and 2,600 likes n Facebk.
Passage 22
（2023·深圳中学一模）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
In ancient China, when friends r relatives were separating, they wuld pick a willw twig (柳条) and give it t the persn wh was leaving. This was t express ____36____ (they) wish fr him t stay. In Chinese, the wrd fr “willw” is prnunced the same ____37____ the wrd fr “stay.”
Many Chinese pets liked writing abut willws in their wrks. One f ____38____ (famus) pems is A Farewell Sng (《送元二使安西》) by Wang Wei. It reads,
N dust is raised n the rad wet with mrning rain,
The willws by the htel lk s fresh and green.
I invite yu ____39____ (drink) a cup f wine again,
West f the Sunny Pass n mre ____40____ (friend) will be seen.
Nwadays, willw twigs can als be seen in mdern art. There was an amazing perfrmance abut willw twigs. 365 peple ____41____ (hld) willw twigs in their hands n the green stage. At the same time, ____42____ ancient painting f weeping willws (垂柳) appeared n the LED screen. The setting f 365 peple std fr 365 days, and the clur green meant the return f spring. The perfrmance ____43____ (praise) highly by the audience. “I was ____44____ (deep) attracted by traditinal Chinese culture,” ne f them said.
In shrt, giving a willw twig t a persn is nt saying gdbye ____45____ asking him t stay. This is the beauty f Chinese culture.
Passage 23
（2023·深圳福田一模）
As many freigners cme t Guilin, a city well-knwn fr its beautiful scenery, they ___36___ (attract) by a traditinal Tai Chi schl there while enjying the amazing view.
“I ___37___ (real) like Chinese Kung Fu, but my bdy is nt suitable fr intensive (高强度的) exercise. Tai Chi helps me realize my Kung Fu dream,” said Greg Shaffer, ___38___ American wh was 64 years ld.
Tw years ag, he ___39___ (find) the Yangshu Traditinal Tai Chi Schl by chance and the beautiful scenery made him stay there ___40___ (learn) Tai Chi.
At first, Shaffer was nt gd ___41___ it. But after a year f hard wrk, he is nw a middle-level student. “The key t practising Tai Chi is t be slw. Yu just feel the breath and mvement in slw mtin, and nw I learn a ___42___ (balance) life lessn in it,” said Shaffer. In his view, Tai Chi nt nly helps him keep fit, ___43___ als enables him t appreciate the charm f Chinese culture.
Accrding t Wu Yuping, the head f the schl, mre than 2,000 verseas students cming frm ver 120 cuntries have studied there ___44___ it was built in 2010. “Chinese Kung Fu is a cultural card and als a bridge fr internatinal ____45____ (cmmunicate). I hpe mre peple can cme here t knw abut Chinese culture while learning Tai Chi,” he said.
Passage 24
（2023·深圳多校联考一模）
Scial media is a platfrm where peple frm all ver the wrld can cnnect and interact with each ther. It has becme ne f the ____36____ (big) platfrms ever in histry and has changed s many things in ur life. Students are als using scial media in a number f ____37____ (way).
Scial media prvides a platfrm fr students ____38____ (learn) and cmmunicate. It makes students’ life mre cnvenient ____39____ clrful. Scial learning has been invlved in almst all the e-learning websites. Students can als take advantage f live vide that is a part ____40____ s many scial netwrking sites (社交网站) t take classes.
Scial media als ffers students ____41____ tl t express themselves.
Many students are scared f the thught f what ____42____ (happen) if they express themselves. And scial media ____43____ (help) them t share their thughts withut any fear, making it mre likely fr them t cme ut f the bx and explre their talents. When students ____44____ (active) take part in scial media, they may cme t a glbal level. Fr instance, they can even learn abut the different curses presented by universities frm all arund the wrld, which is beneficial fr ____45____ (they) t imprve their knwledge f freign cultures.
Passage 25
（2023·湖北襄樊市）
读下面的短文，在短文空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式，使短文的意思完整，并将所填答案填写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
Did ancient peple plant trees? They didn’t have a special day t plant trees like Tree Planting Day, ___1__ the traditin f planting trees has been there fr a lng time. Back then, it was always __2__ (rain) arund the Qingming Festival in spring. The trees that were planted arund this time had better cnditins t grw than usual, s peple frmed the custm f planting trees arund the Qingming Festival.
There were many kinds f trees. Hwever, mulberry trees (桑树) and fruit trees were ___3___ (ppular) f all. T feed the silkwrms (蚕), mre mulberry leaves __4___ (need). Silk came frm the silkwrms, and then was made int silk clthes and traded between the east and the west f the wrld. Amng the ancient peple wh suggested __5___ (get) trees t ffer fd and clthes, there was a man whse name is well-knwn, Mencius (孟子).
Dng Feng, a famus dctr in the Three Kingdm Perid (三国时期), saved many ___6__ (patient) lives fr free. He nly asked them t plant aprict trees (杏树) n a hill. Gradually, a frest f aprict trees grew n ___7___ hill. That’s why we nw praise a dctr wh has excellent skills with the wrds “warmth in an aprict frest.”
Each dynasty has different tree planting prjects. Li Shimin, Emperr Taizng f the Tang Dynasty __8___ (persn) planted a ginkg tree (银杏树) in a temple in Chang’an. 1,400 years later, the ginkg tree is still grwing. S far, the temple ___9__ (becme) a ppular place fr turists.
S, ____10____ Tree Planting Day next year, d yu want t plant a tree with yur wishes n it?
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