专题04 2024年高考英语七选五解题技巧

这是一份专题04 2024年高考英语七选五解题技巧，共29页。试卷主要包含了万能法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
\l "_Tc1360" Part1、万能法：李宇春原则 PAGEREF _Tc1360 \h 1
\l "_Tc12518" Part2、位置解题法 PAGEREF _Tc12518 \h 2
\l "_Tc10549" 1、第一段（总说） PAGEREF _Tc10549 \h 2
\l "_Tc15295" 2. 小标题 PAGEREF _Tc15295 \h 3
\l "_Tc2992" 3、段首题 PAGEREF _Tc2992 \h 5
\l "_Tc22370" 4、段中题 PAGEREF _Tc22370 \h 7
\l "_Tc2864" 5、段尾题 PAGEREF _Tc2864 \h 7
\l "_Tc3781" Part3、敏感词解题法 PAGEREF _Tc3781 \h 8
\l "_Tc15348" 1.代词 PAGEREF _Tc15348 \h 8
\l "_Tc3532" 2. 冠词 PAGEREF _Tc3532 \h 9
\l "_Tc18568" 3. 连词 PAGEREF _Tc18568 \h 10
\l "_Tc4666" Part4、综合：两步法解题 PAGEREF _Tc4666 \h 10
\l "_Tc26463" 第一步：看位置⇨定类型 PAGEREF _Tc26463 \h 10
\l "_Tc12658" 第二步：由类型⇨定技法 PAGEREF _Tc12658 \h 13
\l "_Tc5670" 1.主旨概括题 PAGEREF _Tc5670 \h 13
\l "_Tc242" 2.语段过渡题 PAGEREF _Tc242 \h 13
\l "_Tc4290" 3.细节线索题 PAGEREF _Tc4290 \h 14
\l "_Tc24556" 1．词汇复现法 PAGEREF _Tc24556 \h 14
\l "_Tc26895" 2．词汇同现法 PAGEREF _Tc26895 \h 15
\l "_Tc21103" 3．代词线索法 PAGEREF _Tc21103 \h 15
\l "_Tc3556" 4．逻辑关系线索法 PAGEREF _Tc3556 \h 16
\l "_Tc8949" Part5 高考真题演练和答案解析 PAGEREF _Tc8949 \h 17
\l "_Tc17126" 2021年6月新高考1卷 PAGEREF _Tc17126 \h 17
\l "_Tc25944" 2021年6月全国甲卷 PAGEREF _Tc25944 \h 18
\l "_Tc22566" 2021年6月全国乙卷 PAGEREF _Tc22566 \h 19
\l "_Tc3706" 2021年6月浙江卷 PAGEREF _Tc3706 \h 20
\l "_Tc10161" 答案解析 PAGEREF _Tc10161 \h 21
Part1、万能法：李宇春原则
【原理】概念限定原则：中间句出现的概念，会被上下句限定。
【举例】男人帅， ，李宇春帅。中间填什么句子？
①李宇春是男人。②女人也帅。③不但男人帅，女人帅。
分析：根据概念限定原则，中间句会出现“男人，帅，李宇春”等相同或相关的词。必须要承上启下，老人也帅，这个答案就是错的。“老人”是新信息。除非李宇春是个老人。
【注意】万能法没有要求前后一定同时呼应。
2018全国3卷
"I adre dancing, " says Lester Bridges, the wner f a dance studi in Iwa. "I can't imagine ding anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes fr all ages. "Teaching dance is wnderful. 2 It's great t watch them. Fr many f them, it's a way f meeting peple and having a scial life."
D. My lder students say it makes them feel yung.'
【解析】上一句提到舞蹈教学，下一句又紧接着It's great t watch them. 可推知空格处应与教学活动有关。student与上句的teach呼应，且My lder students与下一句的them与相呼应。故选D。
Part2、位置解题法
1、第一段（总说）
段落功能：总说，引出话题。（引发思考，或需要解决的现象或问题是什么）
段前、段中的设空
①词句特征：可能存在固定呼应：may ；可能会有问句，或challenge/difficulty /prblem等字眼。
②解题方法：
方法1：直接解题（看特征）2014北京卷
方法2：万能法
段尾设空
①词句特征：可能会有承上启下的表达，如“这是一系列问题”，“下面是一系列的方法（建议）”here are， there are ；后面可能有tips，pints，steps， suggestins, ways，apprach，hw t d；take a lk/listen等字眼。
②解题方法：
方法1：直接法看特征，直接选答案（2016年浙江卷，2018全国二卷）
方法2：万能方法
方法3：排除法+总结。如果这两种方法都不能解答出来，需要暂时放一下，做其他题目，最后总结（原因：可以用排除法；本句可能是承上启下，看完文章的题目，理解主旨后解题）

2014新课标一
The jbs f the future have nt yet been invented. 1 By helping them develp classic skills that will serve them well n matter what the future hlds.
 A.Encurage kids t ck with yu.
 B.And we can't frget science educatin.
 C.We can give kids chances t think abut materials in new ways.
 D.S hw can we help ur kids prepare fr jbs that dn't yet exist?
【解析】空格后的句子表达 "通过帮助他们发展一些经典的技能，从而使他们无论未来如何改变都能够自立于这个世界" ，据此推断空格处应该表示 "怎样能够让他们在未来存活下去" 或类似的意思，只有D项符合，故正确答案为D。
2018浙江卷（6月）
Mving int a new hme in a new neighbrhd is an exciting experience. Of curse, yu want t make sure that yu becme an accepted and valuable part f yur new neighbrhd. The easiest way t accmplish this is t make sure yu cnduct yurself as a gd neighbr shuld. 1
G. Here are a few tips t help yu win ver everyne in the neighbrhd quickly
【解析】作者提到人们搬到新社区，都希望被邻居们接受。那么，就需要注意自己的行为举止，成为别人眼里的好邻居。而下面几段就这一点提了一些建议，所以此处需要一个概括下文的句子，即选项G。
2. 小标题
方法1：观察对比法
①说明：此方法的优点“快”。缺点是“正确率能达到90%”。
①操作：
a观察特点：观察其它小标题，找句式特点。往往比较短，往往是祈使句。
b确定选项并对比：在七个选项中，找到这种特点的句子（一般比较短，又是祈使句的，一般2-3句。）观察比较这几个句子，划出它们的差别词。
c确定答案：接着看小标题下面段落中出现了哪个词，就选了哪一选项。
方法2：总结法（普通版）
①操作：读懂小标题下段落的内容，自己总结。
②解题原理：小标题的本质=下面段落的中心。（优点：正确率能达到100%。缺点：有可能读不懂）
方法3：总结法（升级版）
①操作：读本段落尾句
②说明：此方法为方法1的升级版，适用段落较长，没时间读或很难读懂。
③解题原理：尾句一般要点明此段中心，尾句前如果有hwever/but等转折词，尾句一定与小标题呼应。
【说明】总结法其实是需要跟“观察对比法”的前两步结合起来用的。或者换句话说，总结法，是对“观察法”最后一步的优化。
2016全国2卷
● 2
Sme peple may think that a garden is n mre than plants, flwers, patterns and masses f clr. Others are cncerned abut using gardening methds that require less water and fewer fertilizers（肥料）. 3 . Hwever, there are a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden. One f them cmes frm ur earliest years.
●Recall（回忆）yur childhd memries
Our mdel f what a garden shuld be ften ges back t childhd. Grandma's rse garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be gd r bad, but that's nt what's
A. Knw why yu garden
B. Find a gd place fr yur wn garden
C. It’s ur experience f the garden that matters
【解析】根据本段前两句可知不同的做园艺有不同的原因，再倒数第二句“然而，有很多能够解释你为什么想做园艺的原因”可知我们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺。故A项正确。
3、段首题
总原则：总结法+万能法
情况一：以下情况段首题100%优先使用“总结法”
看到横线后的句子，出现fr example之类的词语，或者连续出现if或when的状语从句。
观察对比:其他段落的段首句，是有规律的段落中心句，比如是祈使句或问句。
②如果是，用总结法（段落较长，就用总结法的升级版，看最后一句，然后用万能法检验）。如果不是段落中心句，用万能法。
情况二：以下情况100%优先使用“万能法”
在横线后的句子中出现代词this,it,them，these等代词。
（三）第三种情况：万能方法
如果此段没有小标题，且判断要填的不是段落中心句，就用万能法。（万能法并不是段首题的首选）
【说明】
解题思路：优先用总结法，以及总结法的升级版，其次用万能法。
段首题的后一句，如果出现fr example,fr instance等，那么该句一定是段落中心句，就用总结法。如果不能马上判断是否是段落中心句，就按段落中心句去预估做题。
2014全国二卷
Tips fr Cking n a Tight Schedule
Frm my experience , there are three main reasns why peple dn’t ck mre ften :ability , mney , and time 36 .Mney is a tpic I’ll save fr anther day .S tday I want t give yu sme wisdm abut hw t make the mst f the time yu spent in the kitchen .Here are three tips fr great cking n a tight schedule :
Think ahead .The mments when I think cking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s nthing ready t eat .S think ahead f the cming week .When will yu have time t ck ?D yu have the right materials already ? 37 .
Make yur time wrth it .When yu d find time t ck a meal , make the mst f it and save yurself time later n .Are yu making ne laf f bread ? 38 .It takes arund the same amunt f time t make mre f smething .S save yurself the effrt fr future meal .
39 This may surprise yu , but ne f the best tls fr making cking wrth yur time is experimentatin .It gives yu the chance t hit upn new ideas and recipes that can wrk well with yur appetite and schedule. The mre yu learn and the mre yu try, the mre ability yu have t take cntrl f yur fd and yur schedule.
A. Try new things. B. Ability is easily imprved.
C. Make three r fur instead. D. Understand yur fd better.
E. Cking is a burden fr many peple.
F. Let cking and living simply be a jy rather than a burden.
G. A little time planning ahead can save a lt f wrk later n.
2017全国一卷
4 We have dne a lt f it since. Recently, we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
E．I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
【解析】F 由第三段第一句 ging n anther fun-filled hliday 可知，"我"对这次旅行非常满意，而由下文 We have dne a lt f it since 可知，"我们"都爱上了野营．F项意为"从这里旅行后，我全家都对野营产生了巨大的兴趣"，承上启下，符合语境．故正确答案为F．
2020浙江卷（1月）（段首不是中心句）
4 On this day every year, cuntries arund the wrld hld events t educate peple abut the prblems f dirty water and that clean water is smething that everyne shuld have arund the wrld. At ne schl in the UK, children between the ages f 10 and 15 walk 6 km with six litres f water. 5 Peple give them mney t d this and all the mney helps get clean water t as many peple as pssible arund the wrld.
F. In 1993 the United Natins decided that March 22nd is the Wrld Day fr Water.
4、段中题
方法1：中心句呼应法
【操作】出现了此段小标题或者段落中心句的关键词，直接选答案，再带入上下文检查。
【原理】它是证明中心的关键句，一定会出现小标题（或段落中心句）中核心词的原词或同义词。
方法2：万能法
【原理】此句可能是过渡句，没有明显特点
【说明】①在解此类题时，我们不太可能提前预知此句：是关键句，还是过渡句。所以，我们采用的技巧是：先用万能法选出答案，然后用中心句呼应法做检验。检验成功，说明答案更加的确定。
②如果用中心句呼应法验证失败，并不意味着答案一定是错的。
5、段尾题
方法1：中心句呼应法
（如果but/hwever后面，一定是这段的中心，证明小标题）所以一定要看小标题，翻译 。原理：越靠近最后一句，越会证明此段中心（即作者的真实观点）
方法2：万能法
说明：
①一般优先用方法1，如果不行，就选用万能方法。
②段尾排除：一般不会出现问句 (没有展开论述的空间了)
2017全国三卷
● Keep yur sleep/wake schedule n weekends. If yu're tired ut by Friday night, sleeping in n Saturday culd sund wnderful. But cmpensating n the weekends actually feeds int yur sleepiness the fllwing week, a recent study fund. 4
F. Stick t yur set bedtime and wake-up time, n matter the day.
【解析】由本段首句可知本段主题是“在周末要坚持（执行）你的睡觉和起床时间表”，与此主题符合的只有F项“坚持你设定的就寝和起床时间，不管是哪天”。本设空类型属于段落总结类。
Part3、敏感词解题法
敏感词思维：通过敏感词找到句子之间的逻辑关系（即呼应关系），找到解题的线索。
敏感词解题模型。
敏感词可以出现在B句中，也可以出现在C句中。
1.代词
原理：代词是代替名词的词。代词所指代的名词，必须出现在这句话的前半句，或上一句话。
操作：看是否一致：单复数是否一致；人称是否一致
常见代词：指示代词this/ that/ these/ thse it they等
举例：我在景区遇到了一群游客。他们来自美国。
【注意】
①代词不能呼应，90%以上不对；代词能呼应，不一定是正确选项。
②状语从句中的代词指代现象：When he was taken t hspital, Tm cried. （此句中的he不需要往前句找）
③注意下列中的it不作为解题敏感词：形式主语，形式宾语，强调句中的it，可以忽略
④ne也是可以做代词。（2013全国1 2017全国3）
⑤they与we有时候是可以呼应的，we=they+I（作者）2017全国1卷37题 2018全国3卷38题
⑥段落首句出题，带入的句子出现代词一定要优先警惕，很多时候可以排除。
2015北京卷
Daydreaming means peple think abut smething pleasant, especially when this makes them frget what they shuld be ding. Daydreamers have a bad reputatin fr being unware f what's happening arund them. They can seem frgetful and clumsy. 1 They anny us because they seem t be ignring us and missing the imprtant things.
A. Having interesting things t think abut als helps.
B. They stare ff int space and wander by themselves.
C. Withut wandering minds, we wuldn’t have relatively, Cke r Pst-it ntes.
【解析】第一段说的是大众印象中的白日做梦有哪些弊端，选项在文章前后句中起到段内逻辑连接的作用。
2017全国3卷
Lts f peple find it hard t get up in the mrning and put the blame n the alarm clck. In fact, the key t easy mrning wake-up lies in resting yur bdy clck. 1 Here is hw t make ne.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right mtivatin.
C. A better plan fr sleep can help.
D. And cnsider setting a secnd alarm.
【详解】空前提到要调整身体的生物钟，那么如何调整呢？空后的 "Here's hw t make ne." 中ne 又指什么呢？浏览各选项，只有C项“一个更好的睡眠计划会有所帮助”符合上下文语境。本设空类型属于过渡句类。
2013年新课标二
If yu find a public speaking curse that lks as thugh it's ging t give yu lts f ds and dn'ts, walk away! Yur brain is s full f what yu're ging t be talking abut. 54 . As far as we're cncerned, there are basically n hard and fast rules abut public speaking. Yur audience can be yur friends.
G. S trying t frce a whle set f rules int it will just make things wrse
冠词
第一次出现用a/an，第二次出现用The
如果选项的句子中，出现：the+n. 上一句话必须有相应的名词。
举例：树上有一个苹果。这个苹果又大又红。
2017年全国二卷
4 We have dne a lt f it since. Recently, we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedr m, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
【解析】通过“the”，可知上文一定经历过一次trip。
连词
句首如果有连词，用连词分析法，上一句有什么。
练习：这里有一个选项：“但是，马老师不养宠物”。前一句的共性是，一定是有名词出现，可能是马老师，也可能是宠物。比如：李老师养宠物，或者马老师养花草。
连词的本质是看：重复的名词。
2016年北京
Smetimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is wrth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems wrth taking. 1 Sme f us enjy activities that wuld surprise and scare the rest f us. Why? Experts say it may have t d with hw ur brains wrk.
Hwever, we are nt all using the same reference standard t weigh risks and rewards.
【解析】根据上句中…when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems wrth taking…，同时结合选项F中…the same reference standard t weigh risks and rewards可知。
Part4、综合：两步法解题
第一步：看位置⇨定类型
句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：
例子1…
●__40__ If yu wrk ut bright and early in the mrning, yu will be mre likely t stick t healthy fd chices thrughut the day. Wh wuld want t ruin their gd wrkut by eating junk fd? Yu will want t cntinue t fcus n psitive chices.
…
A．Yu will stick t yur diet.
B．Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C．Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D．There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E．Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4－10 hurs after exercise.
F．After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G．If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu're ding it nw, then listen up!
[分析] 设空处位于段首，应是该段落的小标题。该段的主要内容是“如果晨练，你就更有可能会坚持一整天吃健康的食物”，故该段的主旨是“坚持健康饮食”；再结合本段中的“healthy fd”“junk fd”与A项中的diet相关，故选A。
例子2
…
●Yur metablism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. __38__ If yu wrk ut in the mrnings, then yu will be getting the calrie (卡路里) burning benefits fr the whle day, nt in yur sleep.
…
A．Yu will stick t yur diet.
B．Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C．Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D．There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E．Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4－10 hurs after exercise.
F．After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G．If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu're ding it nw, then listen up!
[分析] 设空处位于段中，属于段中题。这一段说的是晨练有助于人体的新陈代谢，能让你一整天都感受到晨练消耗卡路里带来的好处。F项“晨练之后你还会在一天时间里继续消耗卡路里”中的关键词“thrughut the day”与文中的“the whle day”呼应。故选F。
例子3…
The large clr decisins in yur rms cncern the walls, ceilings, and flrs. Whether yu're lking at wallpaper r paint, the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant. __40__.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
[分析] 该空位于段尾，应属于总结句。根据空前的“the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant”可知，大型物品的颜色选择所需要的时间、精力、费用很大，这恰与F项构成因果关系。
第二步：由类型⇨定技法
1.主旨概括题
主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；②段落标题。
解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。
例子3
●__39__ Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes yu, s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
A．Yu will stick t yur diet.
B．Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C．Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D．There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E．Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4－10 hurs after exercise.
F．After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G．If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu're ding it nw, then listen up!
[分析] 设空位于段首，应为本段主题句。主题句一般是对上文或下文内容的总结，快速浏览本段，本段提到slept better, difficult t relax, a peaceful sleep，依据这些关键词汇可概括本段说的是晨练比晚上锻炼更能改善睡眠，因此选B。
2.语段过渡题
语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。
如果设空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。
如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。
如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。
例子4
Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r bkshelves. __39__. They require a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes, and they have a mre pwerful effect n the feeling f a space.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
[分析] 设空处在段中，所填句子应是过渡句。该空前一句主要内容是“medium clr chices”，是G项中“small nes”的升级。该空后一句介绍了两种方式的颜色选择，与G项中的“tw majr ways”相呼应，故选G。
3.细节线索题
细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：词汇复现法、词汇同现法、代词线索法、逻辑关系线索法等。
1．词汇复现法
复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。考生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。
例子5
__38__. They're the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
[分析] 解此题可运用词汇复现法，该空所在段最后一句中的“small clr chices”是D项“Small clr chices”的原词复现。故选D。
2．词汇同现法
词汇同现是指属于同一词汇范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
例子6
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun­filled hliday in the wilderness.__38__ Instead, we had a pp­up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner.My nature­lving friends had remembered t bring all the necessities f life.
A．This time there was n tent.
B．Things are ging t be imprved.
C．The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D．I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E．I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
[分析] 解此题可运用词汇同现法。该空前面的部分说明了作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，而空后则说这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调，因此空处的论述应该是在“住宿”这一范畴内，几个选项中只有A项合适。
3．代词线索法
英语文章中代词出现的频率极高，代词一般用来指代前面提及的名词，考生如果能巧妙地利用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数就可以准确而快速地解题。
例子7
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. __37__， they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there're really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
[分析] 解此题可运用代词线索法。空格后的they指代上文中的techniques，且与A项中的all f them相呼应，代入A项“尽管它们都很有用”，符合语境，故选A。
4．逻辑关系线索法
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，作出正确的判断。
例子8
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily.Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insect bites, ill­cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags.They had nthing in cmmn with me.__36__
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer ...
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun­filled hliday in the wilderness ...
have dne a lt f it since ...
__40(E)__ It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature.I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.
A．This time there was n tent.
B．Things are ging t be imprved.
C．The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D．I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E．I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
[分析] 解此题可运用逻辑关系线索法。首句“如果三年前有人告诉我我会花大部分的周末时间去野营，我将会开怀大笑”使用了虚拟语气，预示了后面的转折关系。接着讲述了作者过去对野营的看法。由下文可知作者起初和后来对野营的态度不一样。D项表示“但是，从那时起我就学习了很多关于野营的知识”，hwever与上文构成转折关系，因此是最佳选项。此题的关键是hwever这个逻辑关系词，承上启下，为下文内容作铺垫。
例子9
...
●Recall (回忆) yur childhd memries
Our mdel f what a garden shuld be ften ges back t childhd. Grandma's rse garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be gd r bad, but that's nt what's imprtant. __39__ — hw being in thse gardens made us feel. If yu'd like t build a pwerful bnd with yur garden, start by taking sme time t recall the gardens f yur yuth. 40(G). Then g utside and wrk ut a plan t translate yur childhd memries int yur grwn­up garden. Have fun.
A．Knw why yu garden
B．Find a gd place fr yur wn garden
C．It's ur experience f the garden that matters
D．It's delightful t see s many beautiful flwers
E．Still thers may simply enjy being utdrs and clse t plants
F．Yu can prduce that kind f magical quality in yur wn garden, t
G．Fr each f thse gardens, write dwn the strngest memry yu have
[分析] 解此题可运用逻辑关系线索法。空格前说“但那不是重要的事情”，由此可推测空格处会指出什么才是重要的，前后为顺承逻辑关系，C项“我们做园艺工作的体验才是重要的”符合题意。故选C项。
例子10...
Unfrtunately, we've all been victims f betrayal. Whether we've been stlen frm, lied t, misled, r cheated n, there are different levels f lsing trust. Smetimes peple simply can't trust anymre. __37__ It's understandable, but if yu're willing t build trust in a relatinship again, we have sme steps yu can take t get yu there.
...
A．Learn t really trust yurself.
B．It is putting cnfidence in smene.
C．Stp regarding yurself as the victim.
D．Remember that yu can expect the best in return.
E．They've been t badly hurt and they can't bear t let it happen again.
F．This knwledge carries ver in their attitude tward their future relatinships.
G．Seeing the psitive side f things desn't mean yu're ignring what happened.
[分析] 此题从行文逻辑上判断属因果关系。上句意为“有时候，人们简直无法再信任(别人)了”，而本句应是解释人们无法信任别人的原因。故E项符合题意。
Part 4 七选五方法汇总
阅读七选五解题技法
第一步：看位置⇨定类型
句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：
例子1…
●__40__ If yu wrk ut bright and early in the mrning, yu will be mre likely t stick t healthy fd chices thrughut the day. Wh wuld want t ruin their gd wrkut by eating junk fd? Yu will want t cntinue t fcus n psitive chices.
…
A．Yu will stick t yur diet.
B．Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C．Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D．There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E．Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4－10 hurs after exercise.
F．After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G．If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu're ding it nw, then listen up!
[分析] 设空处位于段首，应是该段落的小标题。该段的主要内容是“如果晨练，你就更有可能会坚持一整天吃健康的食物”，故该段的主旨是“坚持健康饮食”；再结合本段中的“healthy fd”“junk fd”与A项中的diet相关，故选A。
例子2
…
●Yur metablism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. __38__ If yu wrk ut in the mrnings, then yu will be getting the calrie (卡路里) burning benefits fr the whle day, nt in yur sleep.
…
A．Yu will stick t yur diet.
B．Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C．Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D．There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E．Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4－10 hurs after exercise.
F．After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G．If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu're ding it nw, then listen up!
[分析] 设空处位于段中，属于段中题。这一段说的是晨练有助于人体的新陈代谢，能让你一整天都感受到晨练消耗卡路里带来的好处。F项“晨练之后你还会在一天时间里继续消耗卡路里”中的关键词“thrughut the day”与文中的“the whle day”呼应。故选F。
例子3…
The large clr decisins in yur rms cncern the walls, ceilings, and flrs. Whether yu're lking at wallpaper r paint, the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant. __40__.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
[分析] 该空位于段尾，应属于总结句。根据空前的“the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant”可知，大型物品的颜色选择所需要的时间、精力、费用很大，这恰与F项构成因果关系。
第二步：由类型⇨定技法
1.主旨概括题
主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；②段落标题。
解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。
例子3
●__39__ Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes yu, s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
A．Yu will stick t yur diet.
B．Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C．Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D．There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E．Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4－10 hurs after exercise.
F．After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G．If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu're ding it nw, then listen up!
[分析] 设空位于段首，应为本段主题句。主题句一般是对上文或下文内容的总结，快速浏览本段，本段提到slept better, difficult t relax, a peaceful sleep，依据这些关键词汇可概括本段说的是晨练比晚上锻炼更能改善睡眠，因此选B。
2.语段过渡题
语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。
如果设空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。
如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。
如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。
例子4
Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r bkshelves. __39__. They require a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes, and they have a mre pwerful effect n the feeling f a space.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
[分析] 设空处在段中，所填句子应是过渡句。该空前一句主要内容是“medium clr chices”，是G项中“small nes”的升级。该空后一句介绍了两种方式的颜色选择，与G项中的“tw majr ways”相呼应，故选G。
3.细节线索题
细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：词汇复现法、词汇同现法、代词线索法、逻辑关系线索法等。
1．词汇复现法
复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。考生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。
例子5
__38__. They're the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
[分析] 解此题可运用词汇复现法，该空所在段最后一句中的“small clr chices”是D项“Small clr chices”的原词复现。故选D。
2．词汇同现法
词汇同现是指属于同一词汇范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
例子6
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun­filled hliday in the wilderness.__38__ Instead, we had a pp­up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner.My nature­lving friends had remembered t bring all the necessities f life.
A．This time there was n tent.
B．Things are ging t be imprved.
C．The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D．I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E．I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
[分析] 解此题可运用词汇同现法。该空前面的部分说明了作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，而空后则说这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调，因此空处的论述应该是在“住宿”这一范畴内，几个选项中只有A项合适。
3．代词线索法
英语文章中代词出现的频率极高，代词一般用来指代前面提及的名词，考生如果能巧妙地利用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数就可以准确而快速地解题。
例子7
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. __37__， they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there're really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
[分析] 解此题可运用代词线索法。空格后的they指代上文中的techniques，且与A项中的all f them相呼应，代入A项“尽管它们都很有用”，符合语境，故选A。
4．逻辑关系线索法
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，作出正确的判断。
例子8
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily.Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insect bites, ill­cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags.They had nthing in cmmn with me.__36__
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer ...
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun­filled hliday in the wilderness ...
have dne a lt f it since ...
__40(E)__ It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature.I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.
A．This time there was n tent.
B．Things are ging t be imprved.
C．The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D．I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E．I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
[分析] 解此题可运用逻辑关系线索法。首句“如果三年前有人告诉我我会花大部分的周末时间去野营，我将会开怀大笑”使用了虚拟语气，预示了后面的转折关系。接着讲述了作者过去对野营的看法。由下文可知作者起初和后来对野营的态度不一样。D项表示“但是，从那时起我就学习了很多关于野营的知识”，hwever与上文构成转折关系，因此是最佳选项。此题的关键是hwever这个逻辑关系词，承上启下，为下文内容作铺垫。
例子9
...
●Recall (回忆) yur childhd memries
Our mdel f what a garden shuld be ften ges back t childhd. Grandma's rse garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be gd r bad, but that's nt what's imprtant. __39__ — hw being in thse gardens made us feel. If yu'd like t build a pwerful bnd with yur garden, start by taking sme time t recall the gardens f yur yuth. 40(G). Then g utside and wrk ut a plan t translate yur childhd memries int yur grwn­up garden. Have fun.
A．Knw why yu garden
B．Find a gd place fr yur wn garden
C．It's ur experience f the garden that matters
D．It's delightful t see s many beautiful flwers
E．Still thers may simply enjy being utdrs and clse t plants
F．Yu can prduce that kind f magical quality in yur wn garden, t
G．Fr each f thse gardens, write dwn the strngest memry yu have
[分析] 解此题可运用逻辑关系线索法。空格前说“但那不是重要的事情”，由此可推测空格处会指出什么才是重要的，前后为顺承逻辑关系，C项“我们做园艺工作的体验才是重要的”符合题意。故选C项。
例子10...
Unfrtunately, we've all been victims f betrayal. Whether we've been stlen frm, lied t, misled, r cheated n, there are different levels f lsing trust. Smetimes peple simply can't trust anymre. __37__ It's understandable, but if yu're willing t build trust in a relatinship again, we have sme steps yu can take t get yu there.
...
A．Learn t really trust yurself.
B．It is putting cnfidence in smene.
C．Stp regarding yurself as the victim.
D．Remember that yu can expect the best in return.
E．They've been t badly hurt and they can't bear t let it happen again.
F．This knwledge carries ver in their attitude tward their future relatinships.
G．Seeing the psitive side f things desn't mean yu're ignring what happened.
[分析] 此题从行文逻辑上判断属因果关系。上句意为“有时候，人们简直无法再信任(别人)了”，而本句应是解释人们无法信任别人的原因。故E项符合题意。
Part5 高考真题演练和答案解析
2021年6月新高考1卷
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 S the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-flr apartment the size f a cupbard. It was s tiny that we had t leave ur suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, thugh. Unlike a nrmal Parisian apartment, the plumbing （水管）wrked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female vice that said, "Ouverture des prtes, " in perfect French. That is the nly French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame l dn't have much use fr it.
Parisians are different frm yu and me. They never lk lazy r untidy. As smene nted in this paper a cuple f weeks ag, they eat great fd and never gain weight. 3 French strawberries d nt taste like cardbard. Instead, they explde in yur muth like little flavr bmbs.
4 On ur first mrning in Paris, I went arund the crner t the fd market t pick up sme grceries. I bught a handful f perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet meln. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cst ＄18!
In France, quality f life is much mre imprtant than efficiency （效率）. Yu can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crwded. 5 When d these peple wrk? The French take their 35-hur wrkweek seriusly—s seriusly that sme labr unins recently struck a deal with a grup f cmpanies limiting the number f hurs that independent cntractrs can be n call.
A.Nt all the custmers are turists.
B.The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D.The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E.That's nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F.Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G.The fd is s delicius that yu dn't need much f it t make yu happy.
2021年6月全国甲卷
Yu keep hearing abut recycling, right? But it desn't end with bttles, cans, and paper. Clthing takes a huge amunt f natural resurces （资源） t make, and buying lads f new clthing (r thrwing ut ld clthing) is nt healthy fr the envirnment. S what t d with all thse perfectly-gd-but-yu're-maybe-a-little-sick-f-them clthes piled n yur bedrm flr? 1 . It's the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends n the selectin f clthes, the rganizatin f the event, and, bviusly, hw much fun is had. It's really easy t d! Here are a few pinters.
• Invite 5-10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. 2 , and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
• 3 . They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their "new" clthes hme.
• Put different types f clthing n different surfaces in the rm. 4 . Place a few mirrrs arund yur rm s peple can see hw things lk when they try them n. One f the grund rules f the swap shuld be that everyne must try n the clthes befre they take them —things always lk different when yu put them n.
• Set a starting time. Maybe yu say "g, " r turn n a certain sng, r whatever. 5 . And dn't frget t put ut sme ckies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A.Less peple than that
B.Hld a clthing swap
C.If tw peple are cmpeting
D.Just keep music playing thrughut
E.Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F.Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G.Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
2021年6月全国乙卷
Accrding t Jessica Hagy, authr f Hw t Be Interesting, it's nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party.
1 , if yu're ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu're wandering int smebdy's huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
Peple lve t talk abut themselves. If yu can start the cnversatin with a questin ther than "What d yu d fr a living? ", yu'll be able t get a lt mre interesting cnversatin ut f whmever it is yu're talking t. 2 , it can bring in "I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle" r "I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back." It just pens up cnversatin.
3 ? If yu can't take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx（讲台）. If yu're the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. 4 .
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment （赞扬）. 5 . Just quickly turn arund and say, "This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it."
S being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.Hw d yu knw the hst
B.The first step is t g explring
C.If yu ask the questin "Hw did yu get here?"
D.Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E.Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F.What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn't stp talking
G.He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
2021年6月浙江卷
Yu've gt mail…and it's a pstcard
Paul Magalhaes, a 34-year-ld Prtuguese cmputer engineer, lves t pen his mailbx and find a brightly clred picture f Rme's Clsseum. Or Africa's Victria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. 1
"I ften send pstcards t family and friends, " he says t China Daily, "but yu can imagine that after a while, yu never receive as many as yu send, and yu realize that nt everyne is int it, 2 " Seeking ther like-minded suls, hwever, Paul started lking in a smewhat unlikely place: nline, Many wuld say the Internet is a place fr peple wh have given up n the traditinal pstal service, but Paul's hunch（直觉）paid ff.
Tday his hbby has develped int the website pstcrssing. cm, a scial netwrk that has grwn t 575, 217 registered users in 214 cuntries and regins since he started it 10 years ag. 3 Running the website has almst turned int a full-time jb.
Language is certainly a barrier fr many peple. Fr pstcrssing t wrk wrldwide, a cmmn cmmunicatin language is needed s that everyne can understand each ther. As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese, the cncept desn't wrk if ne desn't understand it. 4 S a cmmn language is required and in pstcrssing that's English since it's widely spken.
"Many peple in China have limited expsure t Engish. 5 That said, we knw f many pstcrssing members, including Chinese, wh have actually imprved their English skills thrugh their use f pstcrssing. " Paul says.
A.And that's ttally fine.
B.That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C.He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D.Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E.On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F.Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G.In shrt, he lves pstcards, and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
答案解析
2021年6月新高考1卷
【答案】FCGEA
【解析】1 ：考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空后的S表明该空与空后句为因果逻辑关系，又根据空前句作者夫妇在法国度过了一周，可知，他们的目的是想体验法国当地人的生活，所以他们租了一间公寓。故选F。
2 ：考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前的plumbing，空后的building, lift是在介绍作者夫妇租住的公寓，与C选项中的kitchen和bed为同话题词复现。故选C。
3 ：考查段中空。解题语句：空前句。分析题目可知，空前一句eat great fd and never gain weight与G选项中s delicius that yu dn't need much f it构成同义替换。故选G。
4 ：考查段首空。解题语句：空后句。分析题目可知，前文提到法国人与你我不同之处在于他们吃的食物很精致，摄入量很少，所以他们的体重不会增加，空后提到作者夫妇的一次经历，通过But they cst ＄18可知法国的食物很贵，这也是法国人食物摄入量少的另外一个原因。故选E。
5 ：考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前always crwded提到咖啡馆里人很多，且French cafés与A选项中的custmers为同话题词复现，又根据空后When d these peple wrk？以及The French可知咖啡馆的顾客中不光有游客，也有法国当地人。故选A。
2021年6月全国甲卷
【答案】BAGFD
解析
主旨概要：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何进行旧衣服的分类和处理，以使衣服得到循环利用。
1 ：考查过渡句。空后句意为这是最好的方法摆脱你的旧衣服，得分从你的朋友，并有一个聚会，所有在同一时间。此空前一句作者提出问题：那么如何处理那些状况良好但你又不喜欢的堆在卧室地板上的衣服呢？再结合下一段开头 "A successful swap一个成功的交换" ，故这里答案选B（举办服装交换派对）。
2 ：考查过渡句。根据分号后面的句式 "mre than that, and…" , 说明空格应该选和其一致的句式， "Less peple than that" 正好对应了此句式。带入验证，翻译：人比这少，可能没有足够的东西可供选择；不仅如此，它变得无法控制。可知正符合。故选A。
3 ：考查开头句。根据空后 "They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their "new" clthes hme. " 他们还应该准备大量可重复使用的袋子，把 "新" 衣服带回家。从als可以得知，大家应该把衣服带来，故选G。
4 ：考查过渡句。空前句意为把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。空后句意为在你的房间周围放几面镜子，这样人们在试穿时就能看到东西的样子。由此推之，这里应该是让大家把各自的衣服放在房间合适的地方，故选F。
5 ：考查过渡句。此空前一句意为 "或许你可以说开始或者打开某首歌曲或者别的什么"。由此可以推之，这里应该是把音乐循环播放。故选D。
2021年6月全国乙卷
答案】BCFEG
【解析】1 ：考查段首空。解题语句：空后段落内容。分析题目可知，空后的内容ut f yur cmfrt zne, shw up and be adventurus与B选项中g explring构成同义替换。故选B。
2 ：考查段中空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后vehicle和bus均为交通方式，又结合前文start the cnversatin with a questin可知，该空应为提问客人是如何到达的。故选C。
3 ：考查段首空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后一句can't take their wine away与F选项中t much t drink构成同义替换以及take away their sapbx与F选项中wn't stp talking构成同义替换。故选F。
4 ：考查段尾空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文if yu're the hst, yu can…是在对应付饮酒过量或话很多的一类人提出的一种处理方式，E选项… where they have little t say是在提出另外一种解决方式。故选E。
5 ：考查段中空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文提到碰到大家都沉默的情况下，缓解尴尬的方式是对主人提出赞扬，空后给出具体方式。空前awkward silence与G选项awkwardness构成同义替换，G选项中He r she指代前文hst。故选G。
2021年6月浙江卷
【答案】CAEFB
文章大意：一位热爱明信片的电脑工程师把这项热爱发展成了他的全职事业，并介绍了一些写明信片的困难和益处。
1.考查与上文的联系。前文以具体形象的例子表现主人公对明信片的喜爱：lves pen…and find a brightly clred picture f…，r…r…，这些brightly clred pictures正是明信片。因此，下一句进行总结。In shrt简言之，就是上文的概括，概括为lves pstcards and the excitement…喜欢明信片，喜欢收到远方朋友手写卡片的兴奋感。故选G项。
2 ：考查前后文联系。上文说 "你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢明信片"，下文说 "寻找其他志同道合的人……" 表示主人公接受上文所讲事实，然后才能和有共同兴趣的人继续自己的爱好。A项 "这完全没问题" 正是表示主人公接受这一点。故选A项。
3 ：考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写主人公将自己的爱好发展成了一个成功的社交网站。前文的各项数据也和E项的数据衔接自然，都是在介绍这个网站的成功；同时，这些数据的量都很大，使得空白后 "运营这个网站几乎成了全职工作" 成为必然的结果。故选E项。
4 ：考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写对于写明信片来说，语言可能是一个障碍。4空前是具体的论据 "尽管收到一封用中文写的明信片很酷，但如果收信人不理解中文的话，这个明信片就没什么意义" 。紧接着加F项 "类似地，如果你只讲中文，收到一封瑞典语的明信片也会让乐趣大打折扣" 同样都是对段落主旨的论证，而在衔接上用了similarly也很自然，故选F项。
5 ：考查与上文的联系。前文说 "很多中国人对英语的接触有限"，这导致用英语写明信片比较难，正是B项所说 "那使得学习和练习写英语明信片尤其得难"。选项中That指代上文的句子；而句尾的it指代上一段段尾句English is required in pstcrssing。B项与上文衔接紧密，故选B项。
挖空位置
逻辑关系
具体解读
段首题
主旨句
常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。
承上启下句
此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段中题
例证关系
前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：fr example, fr instance, in fact/as a matter f fact, actually, in ther wrds/that is t say等。
转折关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有： but, hwever, yet, while/thugh/althugh, r/therwise, n the cntrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in cntrast/cmparisn, by cmparisn等。
因果关系
表示因果关系的标志词语有：s, therefre, thus, cnsequently(结果), as a result (f), s/such ..., s that ...等。
递进关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：t, als, besides, further, furthermre, mrever, likewise, similarly, what's mre, what's wrse, in additin, as well, t make matters wrse, nt ... but ..., nt nly ... but als等。
并列关系
表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), secnd(ly); first, then/next; t begin with, sme ... thers ...; fr ne thing, fr anther thing; then/next, finally/last等。
段尾题
总结句
用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
承上启下句
此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
挖空位置
逻辑关系
具体解读
段首题
主旨句
常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。
承上启下句
此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段中题
例证关系
前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：fr example, fr instance, in fact/as a matter f fact, actually, in ther wrds/that is t say等。
转折关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有： but, hwever, yet, while/thugh/althugh, r/therwise, n the cntrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in cntrast/cmparisn, by cmparisn等。
因果关系
表示因果关系的标志词语有：s, therefre, thus, cnsequently(结果), as a result (f), s/such ..., s that ...等。
递进关系
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：t, als, besides, further, furthermre, mrever, likewise, similarly, what's mre, what's wrse, in additin, as well, t make matters wrse, nt ... but ..., nt nly ... but als等。
并列关系
表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), secnd(ly); first, then/next; t begin with, sme ... thers ...; fr ne thing, fr anther thing; then/next, finally/last等。
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用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
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