浙江省宁波市鄞州中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷 （原卷版+解析版）

这是一份浙江省宁波市鄞州中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷 （原卷版+解析版），文件包含浙江省宁波市鄞州中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷原卷版docx、浙江省宁波市鄞州中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
考生须知：
1. 本卷共9页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟;
2. 答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字;
3. 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效;
4. 考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共95分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1. What prblem did the man have?
A. He left smething at hme. B. He frgt t bk a ticket. C. He missed the bus.
2. Wh shwed the new playing style t the wman?
A. Her cach. B. Her father. C. A famus ftballer.
3. What is the weather like?
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Cludy.
4. What are the speakers ding?
A. Recmmending a place t read.
B. Sharing memries f hlidays.
C. Making travel plans.
5. What will the wman d next?
A. Check her applicatin. B. Attend an interview. C. Wait fr a reply.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What happened t the speakers?
A. They have lst smething.
B. They can’t find their way back.
C. They frgt t bring their bags.
7. What des the wman suggest they d?
A. Buy a new water bttle.
B. G twards the destinatin.
C Walk back alng the same rute.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What des the wman think f the wrk?
A. Meaningless. B. Challenging. C. Interesting.
9. What des the man plan t d with his bike?
A. Make it better than befre. B. Sell it t buy a new ne. C. Replace its wheels.
10. What is the present seat made f?
A. Metal. B. Plastic. C. Leather.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Hw can the wman’s father be described?
A. Talkative. B. Generus. C. Careful.
12. When des the last bus leave?
A. At 10:00 p.m. B. At 10:15 p.m. C. At 10:30 p.m.
13. Where are the speakers prbably?
A. At the wman’s hme. B. In a restaurant. C. At a bus stp.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Where did the wman get her infrmatin abut AI?
A. Frm the TV. B. Frm the Internet. C. Frm the magazine.
15. What des the man say abut Al?
A It culd help peple with bring wrk.
B. It culd take ver the wrld.
C. It culd take away his jb.
16. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Friends. B. C-wrkers. C. Husband and wife.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What issue is the talk abut?
A. Why clean air helps peple be intelligent.
B. Hw air pllutin damages the brain.
C. What causes traffic pllutin.
18. Where was the research cnducted?
A. In a lab. B. In a car. C. In the pen field.
19. What did Prfessr Lynette Curran think abut the research?
A. It was surprising. B. It was upsetting. C. It was pleasing.
20. What are peple advised t d in the end?
A. Use their cars less. B. Fcus n further research. C. Stay away frm plluted air.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Artwrk Cntest-Create a Character!
Are yu an artist? D yu lve testing yur creative abilities? This may be the perfect cntest fr yu! Fr this cntest,we want yu t create yur wn character. Yu must create a backstry fr the character and give it a name make sure t leave these in the authr’s ntes sectin f yur submissin!
Yur character must be cmpletely riginal. Any character that is nt created frm yur wn idea and wrk will nt be cnsidered fr the cntest.
Rules:
·Yu must be a teen (aged 13-19) with a Teen Ink accunt t enter.
·N inapprpriate cntent
·Submissins must relate t the tpic (Create a Character).
Guidelines and Details:
·All art mediums are accepted.
·There is n limit t the number f pieces yu can submit.
·Give yur character a name and backstry. Leave these in the “Authr’s Cmments”sectin f yur submissin.
Hw t Submit:
·Submit entries thrugh ur website. All entries submitted t Teen Ink are autmatically cnsidered fr the cntest. See ur submissin guidelines fr mre infrmatin. ·Include the wrds“Character Cntest“ in yur submissin’s title.
·Submit yur reviews t the “Artwrk” categry n ur site. Select the art type that is relevant t what yu are submitting.
Prizes:
·Hnrable mentins will have their characters published in ur magazine.
·The verall winner will receive a $ 200 Amazn gift card.
1. What is the requirement fr yur submissin?
A. It must be riginal wrk.B. It must be abut yur wn life.
C. It must include a stry f yurself.D. It must include several characters.
2. Which f the fllwing is there a limit t fr yur submissin?
A. The frm f art.B. The age f a participant.
C. The number f pieces submitted.D. The name given t yur character.
3. What d we knw abut Teen Ink?
A. It’s a magazine.B. It’s an art club.
C. It’s an art schl.D. It’s a student rganizatin.
B
It’s 1:30 am in Kenya’s ppulated nrth, and 50 peple are lying n their backs n the shre f a dried-up river, staring up at the night sky. These stargazers have travelled 250 miles t Samburu t witness the Perseid meter shwer(英仙座流星雨). They are nt disappinted: Every few minutes, arrws f light sht acrss the sky like silent firewrks.
The Star Safari is rganised by a Kenyan astrnmer, Susan Murabana, wh has brught a 50 kg,170 cm-lng telescpe t allw the grup t view Mars and deep-sky bjects. But here in Samburu, where light pllutin is minimal, the Perseid meters—visible with the naked eye (裸眼)—steal the shw.
Every tw mnths, Murabana and her husband lad their telescpe n t the rf f their 4×4 and set ff t rural cmmunities, where they give up t 300 children a chance t view the planets and learn abut cnstellatins (星座) and the basics f astrphysics. They primarily targets schls in remte areas because f her missin t give girls an pprtunity that she wishes had been available t her.
“When I started this wrk, I didn’t see peple wh lked like me. I was a lne ranger and I wanted t change that.” says Murabana.
“There is a cmmn miscnceptin in Kenya that astrnmy in general is hard, bring, and nly fr bys,” she adds. “I’d like t teach yung girls that astrnmy is neither f these things and that they, t, can becme astrnmers,” says Murabana.
Murabana’s passin fr astrnmy began in her early 20s when her uncle invited her t jin a similar utreach sessin rganized by the Csms Educatin. “That was a gamechanger. If an utreach grup had cme t me when I was a yung teenager, my attitude twards a career in astrnmy wuld have been psitive. I ended up studying scilgy and ecnmics, but maybe I wuld have desired t be an astrnmer,” she says.
Inspired by the Csms Educatin, Murabana cmpleted an nline master’s degree in astrnmy with the James Ck University in 201l and set up her wn utreach prgramme. She lked t Dr Mae Jemisn, the first black wman in space, as a rle mdel. “I hpe that ne day, thrugh this wrk, I will spark a chain reactin that leads t the first African wman in space.”
4. What d the underlined wrds “steal the shw” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Ruin the effrt.B. Face the challenge.
C. Attract mre attentin.D. Keep the prmise.
5. Why des Murabana target girl students in remte areas?
A. T help them ut f pverty.B. T inspire their lve f astrnmy.
C. T lk fr assistants fr her wrk.D. T give them an edge ver bys in studies.
6. What can we learn abut Murabana frm paragraph 6?
A. She enjyed playing games.
B. She lnged t be an astrnmer.
C. She is an initiatr f Csms Educatin.
D. She regretted nt taking astrnmy earlier.
7. What’s the passage mainly abut?
A. The birth f a Kenyan wman astrnmer.
B. The prejudice against girls in rural Kenyan.
C. The Kenyan astrnmer bringing astrnmy t the peple.
D. The Kenyan stargazers watching the Perseid meters shwer.
C
Squirrels eavesdrp n (窃听) the chatter f sngbirds t wrk ut whether the appearance f a predatr (食肉动物) is cause fr alarm, researchers have fund. Animals including squirrels have previusly been fund t tune in t cries f alarm frm ther creatures.
But the latest study suggests animals may als keep an ear ut fr everyday chitchat amng ther species as a way t assess whether there is truble aft.
Writing in the jurnal Pls One, researchers reprted n hw they made their discvery by bserving 67 grey squirrels as they pttered abut (晃悠) different areas in the residential regins f Oberlin.
After 30 secnds f bserving a squirrel, researchers played it a recrding f the call f a red-tailed hawk (鹰), which lasted a cuple f secnds — and their behaviur in the next 30 secnds was mnitred. The squirrels were then played a three-minute recrding f several different species f sngbird chattering n a feeder.
The results revealed that in the 30 secnds after hearing the hawk call the squirrels increased the percentage f their time spent “vigilant” (警惕) cmpared with befre the call, while they als lked up mre ften t scan the envirnment. Squirrels that were played bird chatter raised their heads less ften during the recrding and the number f these “lk-ups” drpped ff faster ver time.
“Recgnitin f bird chatter as a sign f safety is likely adaptive, as squirrels that can safely reduce their vigilance level in the presence f bird chatter prbably are able t increase fraging (觅食) success,” the authrs wrte.
The team suggested that with levels f human-made nise increasing, squirrels may find it harder t eavesdrp n birds, meaning they may have t spend mre time being alert and less time fraging.
Dr Jakb Br-Jrgensen, c-authr f the study frm Oberlin Cllege, said: “The study calls attentin t hw animals can gather infrmatin frm their envirnment by using cues that may at first glance seem irrelevant,” he said. “And it makes yu wnder hw the mre and mre pervasive (无处不在的) impact f human activities n natural sundscapes may reduce survival f wildlife in ways we haven’t thught f.”
8. What des the new research find abut squirrels’ eavesdrpping?
A. It lacks scientific evidence.B. It is mre widespread and brader.
C. It needs t be further investigated.D. It is cntradictry t previus findings.
9. What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. The subject f the experiment.B. The findings f the experiment
C. The prcess f the experiment.D. The purpse f the experiment
10. Why is recgnitin f bird chatter as a sign f safety imprtant fr squirrels?
A. They can escape frm ptential risks.B. It helps them t frage fd successfully.
C. It is safe fr them t play with their matesD. They can adapt t a new envirnment quickly.
11. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut cncerning the research?
A. Its implicatin.B. Its appeal t the public.
C. Expectatins fr further study.D. Scientists with new perspectives.
D
Mre than three billin peple rely n the cean t make a living, mst f whm are in develping cuntries. As the glbal ppulatin increases, the demand fr seafd is expected t rise, t.
Althugh cean ecsystems are stretched t the limit by climate change, verfishing and mre, studies nevertheless suggest that seafd can be expanded sustainably t meet future fd demands. Success will depend n small-scale fisheries. These fisheries can be remarkably efficient. Almst everything that hand-t-muth fisheries catch is cnsumed. By cntrast, arund 20% f the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated t be wasted, mainly because f unwanted by-catch.
Small fishers rarely have the right resurces t expand their peratins, r even t survive. If they d scale up, they might lse sme f their current advantages r engage in the same harmful practices as d large cmmercial fisheries. Managed with care, hwever, small fisheries culd prvide win-wins fr livelihds and the envirnment.
Mst natins already have management plicies fr marine ecsystems that prvide fr small-scale fisheries. But small-scale fishers’ rights t access are ften prly defined, ineffectively enfrced r unfairly distributed (分配). Gvernment subsidies (补贴) als require refrm. One estimate fund that large-scale fishers receive abut 3.5 times mre subsidies than small-scale fishers d. Instead, subsidies and ther funds shuld be directed twards small-scale fishers t let them expand their access t markets, while keeping them frm adpting the negative practices f large-scale peratins.
The ttal glbal lss and waste frm fisheries is estimated at between 30% and 35% annually primarily due t a lack f technlgy, gd manufacturing practices, and infrastructure such as decent rads and cld strage. Public and private investment in cld-strage facilities and prcessing equipment culd help. One prmising strategy is t pair internatinal r natinal funding with direct cntracts fr feeding prgrammes linked t schls, hspitals and similar facilities. Such arrangements wuld prvide small fisheries with large, cnsistent markets and strage infrastructure that bsts lcal cnsumptin and des nt incentivize (刺激) verfishing.
Mrever, simple incentive prgrammes culd be cnducted by funders, managers and lcal gvernments trying t prmte sustainable fisheries. Fr example, lcal markets culd display a rating system fr individual fishers r small fisheries. This culd include varius elements f sustainability ther than envirnmental nes — such as prviding infrmatin n the type f fishing equipment, lcatin f the catch and freshness. Prmting the rating as a scial respnsibility cncept wuld infrm cnsumers f the need t supprt sustainable fisheries.
Anyway, nly jint prblem-slving effrts can deliver seafd prtein, sustainably, t a wrld that increasingly needs it.
12. The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. small fisheries can help the wrld if managed with care
B. the glbal demand fr seafd is increasing dramatically
C. small-scale fisheries need t be cmmercialised urgently
D. peple in develping cuntries are mre reliable n fishing
13. Small-scale fisheries are mre efficient because ________.
A. what they catch is hardly wastedB. their by-catch accunts fr a larger share
C. they catch fish by industrial meansD. their peratin is limited within a small area
14. What can be inferred abut small fisheries’ current situatin?
A. They gain n supprt frm gvernments.B. They are expanding t meet lcal demands.
C. They have little access t gd resurces.D. They impact marine ecsystems negatively.
15. T prmte sustainable fisheries, which f the fllwing is ne f the authr’s suggestins?
A. T initiate a rating system fr small fishers t evaluate the lcal markets.
B T prvide technlgy fr small fisheries t bst their fishing efficiency.
C. T inspire a sense f scial respnsibility in large-scale fishers and cnsumers.
D. T facilitate direct cperatin between small fisheries and feeding prgrammes.
第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One f the cres f emtinal intelligence is self-regulatin, an imprtant skill in the wrkplace. Like any skill, mastery f emtinal self-cntrl requires intentinality and practice. ___16___.
Pause t Mentally Distance
When yu ntice yur typical physilgical experiences assciated with strng negative emtin, what shuld yu d? Mentally step ut f yur immediate experience. Asking yurself any questin, r imagining what yu might lk like t thers right nw, will d the trick. At that pint, althugh still physilgically keyed up, yu will be able t ask yurself, “What is the best curse f actin right nw?” r “What advice wuld I give smene else wh is in my shes?” ___17___.
Take Cntrl f Yur Self-Talk
We’re frequently unaware f hw much self-chatter is ging n in the backgrund f ur minds. Such self-talk might nt be in fully articulated (铰接式的) wrds r phrases, but instead little flashes f thught. Becming aware f yur self-talk can be difficult. Why is this an imprtant skill t develp? ___18___. T genuinely ease a strng negative emtin requires tackling the surce by examining the underlying belief and hw accurate, reasnable, r useful it is.
Seek Supprt frm Partners
Ask thers yu trust t help yu recgnize when yur emtins seem t be getting the best f yu. ___19___. Agree n a gesture r wrd that might serve as a signal that yur trusted individual wnders whether yu’re riding the led-by-yur-limbic-system train. Of curse, there will be times they’re wrng. S, it’s imprtant nt t respnd defensively when yu get that signal. Reacting with anything ther than gratitude ensures that yur partner wn’t take that risk again.
Cultivate (培养) Curisity
Our brains are wired t draw cnclusins and frm judgments at lightning speed, and thse are frequently the cause f ur negative emtins. ___20___, but we tend t run with them, sparking the self-talk that fllws. Generally wrking t be mre curius abut ther peple’s experiences, including their self-identified mtives fr their behavir, helps avid making hasty judgments.
A. They are cmfrtable with all emtins
B. Thse judgments are nt necessarily accurate
C. Ding s prvides yu with chices as t hw t act
D. Explain yur develpmental gals and sincerely ask fr help
E. Stay fcused n cming up with an answer and fllwing thrugh n it
F. Because it is thse backgrund beliefs that fuel ur emtinal respnses
G. Here are fur ways yu can develp greater emtinal self-management
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I stpped at the tp f the hill, my right ft pressed back against the caster brake (脚刹) n my bicycle. All I needed t d was t___21___ my ft, and I wuld be swept dwn the hill. But I ___22___ . T my 12-year-ld eyes, the hill was a muntain and the slpe was ___23___ steep, which prevented me taking up the challenge.
When I returned t my hmetwn mre than three decades later with my friends Dave and Sctt, we ___24___ t the base f the hill and walked ur bikes ___25___ . We std nce mre at the tp f that hill, lking dwn frm the edge, but this time with a ___26___ set f eyes. T ur surprise, nw the ___27___ seemed mre bvius, even larger than we’d imagined as kids. We knew that nce we started dwn, there was n stpping r ___28___ . And right at the bttm f the hill, we wuld have t turn left t ___29___ dumping int the stream.
Dave went first. Then I was next. My heart was punding. I ____30____ n the bike fr a mment. Then I released the brake and yielded myself t ____31____ . I skidded t a stp next t Dave. Sctt fllwed. The three f us spent several minutes laughing, draining ff the adrenaline (肾上腺素) . We had ____32____ the childhd challenge f riding ur bikes dwn the steep hill.
We didn’t knw it then, but we’d face many similar ____33____ ver the years — leaving hme, getting married, mving t a different twn, starting a new jb, and many thers — that wuld cause us t pause at the ____34____ and cllect ur curage ____35____ we launched urselves dwn the trails f ur lives.
21. A. stampB. breakC. liftD. keep
22. A. pausedB. startedC. chargedD. fell
23. A. unnecessarilyB. incrediblyC. ccasinallyD. hardly
24. A. ranB. rdeC. climbedD. wandered
25. A. utB. ffC. awayD. up
26. A. similarB. whleC. differentD. smart
27. A. riskB. streamC. slpeD. assumptin
28. A. turning backB. lking dwnC. giving inD. breaking ut
29. A. getB. avidC. makeD. search
30. A. calledB. imprvedC. smiledD. balanced
31. A. pressureB. fateC. gravityD. difficulty
32. A. recalledB. cmpletedC. frgttenD. received
33. A. activitiesB. trublesC. lessnsD. perids
34. A. crnerB. ruteC. edgeD. line
35. A. whenB. becauseC. afterD. befre
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Even as a yung by, Lenard da Vinci shwed prmise as an artist. He trained fr seven years, and then ___36___(strike) ut n his wn. Afterwards, he set ut ___37___(wrk) fr wealthy men thrughut Italy. Lenard began his career as a painter, but he mst ften wrked as an engineer. One f the reasns was that Italy was ___38___ war, and peple needed engineers.
After Lenard’s death, it ___39___(discver) that he had kept many ntebks illustrating his wrk. Althugh his ntebks were ppular in the ryal families, nne f ___40___were published until the late 19th century. Until then, few peple had had any idea ___41___ they cntained.
As it has turned ut, his ntebks are ___42___ amazing treasure bx f drawings, such as airplanes, tanks, rbts, and diving ___43___ (equip). Alng with these drawings are ntes ___44___ (describe) his wrk. Many f these ntes are ____45____ (science) in nature, invlving his research in many different fields. His ntebks shw that he was the greatest artist and scientist f his time.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Tm近期在朋友圈经常刷到你上传的运动照片，照片里你看起来特别有活力，Tm为此写信询问你的运动情况和运动带给你的变化，请你给他写封回信，内容包括：
1. 写信目的;
2. 喜爱运动项目;
3. 运动带来的变化和影响;
注意：1. 词数：80左右;2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Nilsa stared at the clck n the classrm wall, daydreaming abut lunch. Her mther had prepared a therms (保温瓶) full f sancch. It was ne f Nilsa’s favrite dishes, and the natinal dish f Panama — a cuntry in central America and the hmetwn f Nilsa’s family. Just thinking abut sancch made her muth water.
Finally, it was time fr lunch. Nilsa carefully pured sme sancch int a bwl. When she lked up, she saw her classmates staring.
“What is that? It smells really bad,” said Gus, cvering his nse. “It’s sancch,” Nilsa respnded. “It’s kind f like chicken sup.” Cdi glanced at the bwl and said, “Sup? It’s mre like a science experiment.” He laughed, pinted t his lunch, and asked, “That’s ne weird lunch. Why dn’t yu eat smething nrmal, like pizza?”
Nilsa lked at everyne else’s lunches: pizza, fries, and sandwiches. Suddenly she didn’t feel hungry any mre.
When Nilsa returned hme and cmplained abut her classmates’ negative cmments, her mther wasn’t mad. Instead, she listened attentively and reminded Nilsa that there is n such thing as “nrmal” r “weird” fd, and that different cultures have their wn unique dishes that are lved and appreciated by thse wh grew up with them.
Nilsa’s mther als suggested making a fresh batch fr Nilsa t bring t schl the next day. “Then yu can share it with yur classmates and tell them sancch tastes great, and that ur family has been eating it fr hundreds f years. Yur great-grandmther taught yur grandmther wh then taught me.
Nilsa ndded in excitement, and she was grateful fr the pprtunity t share her favrite dish with her classmates.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next day at lunch, Nilsa pulled ut her therms.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When Nilsa returned hme and greeted her mther that day, her happiness was beynd descriptin.
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听力答案：1-5 ABBCC 6-10 ACBAB 11-15 ACACA 16-20 CBABC