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抢分法宝02 重难语法梳理一（时态和语态）-备战2024年中考英语抢分秘籍试卷
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这是一份抢分法宝02 重难语法梳理一（时态和语态）-备战2024年中考英语抢分秘籍试卷，文件包含抢分法宝02重难语法梳理一时态和语态原卷版docx、抢分法宝02重难语法梳理一时态和语态解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共45页， 欢迎下载使用。
中考预测 抢分法宝02 重难语法梳理一（时态和语态）1. 动词的时态和语态是初中英语的一个重要语法项目，也是各地中考试题的一个考查热点。2. 综合分析历年全国各地中考试题，中考主要考查一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、现在进行时、一般将来时、过去完成时以及各种时态的被动语态的构成及用法。3. 测试重点放在根据特定语言环境区别使用一般现在时，一般过去时和现在完成时；一般现在时(过去时)与现在(过去)进行时；特定的时间状语中时态的使用；结合所获得的语言知识确定正确时态的能力等。综上所述，动词的时态在中考测试中的地位非常重要。思维导图解题技巧1. 判断语态 相对于时态而言，语态更好判断一些。英语中的语态共两种：主动语态和被动语态。多数题型是四个选项中主动语态和被动语态各占一半，如果首先判断出语态，排除了主动语态的选项或含有被动语态的选项，那么该题目的正确率可以达到50%。另外，通过语义表达，学生是不难判断出该句子的主语发出的动作表达的是主动含义还是被动含义。2. 看时间状语或标志词不同的时态对应的时间状语是不同的。一般现在时的时间状语有：表频率的时间状语(频度副词或介词短语)；一般过去时的时间状语有：last week; a moment ago; in 1980; yesterday等等表过去的某时间；一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow, next year, next week, two days later等等表将来的时间；现在完成时的时间状语有：so far, up to now, for+时间段， since+时间点，over/in the past/last few years/months…等等；过去完成时的时间状语有：before+过去的时间， by+过去的时间等；现在进行时的时间状语有：now, at the moment等；过去进行时的时间状语有：at this time yesterday, at 8:00 this morning等过去某一时间点。记住和不同时态一起搭配的时间状语，有助于我们提高做题的正确率。3. 看复合句中的其他句子的谓语动词 比较该动词和要填的动词发生的时间先后，可以判断出要填的谓语动词是发生在现在、将来、过去，还是过去的过去等等。4. 固定句型 This/It is/was the first/second…that从句，从句用现在完成时或过去完成时；hardly/rarely/scarcely+过去完成时+when+一般过去时；no sooner+过去完成时+than+一般过去时；While引导的句子用一般时或进行时；when引导的句子用一般时。5. 语法归纳在时间、条件和让步状语从句中用主将从现(主句用将来时，从句用现在时);主情从现(主句出现情态动词，从句用现在时);主祈从现(主句是祈使句，从句用现在时)；含有宾语从句的复合句，时态的归纳。主过从必过(主句时态是过去时，从句时态也用过去的某种时态)；主现从不限(主句时态是现在时，从句时态没有限制)；真理永不变(客观事实和普遍真理宾语从句永远用一般现在时)。知识梳理知识点一： 1．对一般现在时考查【知识梳理1】基本概念; 一般现在时通常表示习惯性的、反复发生的动作。通常与表示频度的副词如 often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally 等和时间状语如 in the evening, at night, twice a month, every day / week / month / year, on Sundays 等连用。一般现在时可表示主语的特征、能力或状态以及普遍真理。【知识梳理2】 对主将从现的考查：在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as, the minute / second / moment, the next time 等引导的时间状语中或由 if, so / as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时变化：be动词的变化：否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：----Are you a student? ----Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：-----Where is my book? -----It is on the table.2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。 如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。 如：He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：---- Do you often play football? ---- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。 如：---- Does she go to work by bike? ---- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 如：How does your father go to work?知识点二：对一般过去时的考查【知识梳理1】基本概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago, at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…), last night (week, month, year…), 一段时间 + ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago, in 1990, just now, long before, long long ago. 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。构成及变化： 1.规则动词： 1）Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was（was not=wasn’t）；are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）；带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 2）行为动词的变化：否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？ 如： What did Jim do yesterday?注意：疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？ 如：Who went to home yesterday? 3）规则动词的变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped；4. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied知识点三：对一般将来时的考查【知识梳理1】基本概念：表示将来的动作或状态 . 与时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等连用。【知识梳理2】主将从现的考察:在 由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as, the minute / second / moment, the next time 等引导的时间状语中或由 if, so / as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。常见结构. “be going to＋动词原形”结构用来表示按照主观意图打算或按计划，安排将要做的事，有“打算、就要”的意思。也常用于表示从迹象上表明将要发生的事情，多指个人主观臆断的推测。如：Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 看这些云，要下雨了。 2）. “shall或will＋动词原形”指对将来事物近期或远期的预见，表达个人主观意图以及征求对方意见或表示客气的邀请。在书面语中，shall多用于第一人称；在口语中，will可以用于任何人称。如：I shall/will show my photos to you next Monday. 我下周一给你看我的照片。知识点四：对过去将来时的考查【知识梳理1】基本概念：过去将要做的事情。【知识梳理2】对过去将来时would +do；was/ were +going to do和常见用在过去将来中的谓语动词promised 承诺，predict 预测等的考查。知识点五：现在进行时【知识梳理1】基本概念：表示说话者说话时正在发生的动作或者目前一段时间内正在进行的动作（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）【知识梳理2】时间状语：now ，right now, at the moment等。常用look！…listen！…等开头，强调某人正在做某事。但很多题目在考察进行时态时没有明确的时间状语，需要学生自己去理解。一、现在进行时的几种形态变化：１．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。２．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。３．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing?如：What are you doing now?但疑问词当主语时,即划线部分是主语时,其结构为：疑问词 + be + 动词ing?如：Who is singing outside the door?二、动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，且是重读闭音节，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping知识点六：过去进行时【知识梳理1】基本概念：表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。【知识梳理2】时间状语：this time yesterday；at eleven yesterday morning（具体到过去的某一时间点）at that time等。【知识梳理3】常考点：when A did sth. B was doing sth. else.当某人做某事的时候，另一个人正在做另一件事。知识点七：现在完成时【知识梳理1】基本概念：表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去，着眼点在现在。【知识梳理2】时间状语：现在完成时时常与不确定的过去时间状语连用。连用的时间状语都较模糊，如：in/over/during/for the past few years/months/weeks/days, these days, so far, up to now, since, for，ever since, since then, by this time, in / over the past few years, “since + 过去某一时刻”,“for + 时间段”等。【知识梳理3】常考点：表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that” 后面用现在完成时。1. 表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如Have you read that story？你读过那个故事吗？（“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：是否知道故事的内容。） I have bought two apples．我买了两个苹果。 （“买”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是：拥有两个苹果。） 在学习这一概念的同时，还应注意常与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already，just，ever，yet，never等。already，just多用于肯定句中，ever，yet，never多用于疑问句和否定句中。如： I have already finished my homework．我已经做完家庭作业了。 He has just had his meal．他刚吃过饭。 Have you ever sung this English song？你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？ They haven't started yet．他们还没有动身。 2. 表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。①因为表示的是持续的动作或状态，所以使用的动词通常是延续性动词：be, stay, study, wait, keep, have… 等；②使用的时间状语通常由for或since 引导，但二者后接的词有所不同：for后常跟一个时间段，指某个动作到现在为止已持续了多长时间。如：for three years, for half an hour等。 since后面接一个时间点，如since 1980，也可以接“一段时间+ago”如: since three years ago, since two months ago等。since 还可用作连词，引导一个过去时态的时间状语从句。如：We have known each other since we went to college.③非延续性动词不能直接和for 或since 连用，但我们可以找一个相应的延续性动词或动词短语来替换这些非延续性动词，3.过去分词的构成 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：⑴、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ” work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited ⑵、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ” lived---lived---lived , ⑶、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ” study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed ⑷、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ” stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 不规则动词：不规则动词的过去分词要特别牢记，详见不规则动词表4现在完成时的句式变化1.肯定句式 现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）＋done ”。如： ① We have just finished our homework． ② She has gone home． 2.疑问句式 现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。如： ③ Have you read this story book yet？ 特殊疑问句及反意疑问句结构如下： ④ What have you done with my bike? ⑤ You've read this story book, haven't you? 注意：1）现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。 2）把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时，往往译成“……过吗？”、“已经……了吗？”等。 3）其肯定回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．”，否定回答用“No，．．．haven't（hasn't）．”，有时用“No，not yet．”或“No，never．”。 3.否定句式现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't（hasn't）＋过去分词”。如： ⑥ We haven't studied Unit 2 yet． ⑦ The train hasn't stopped yet． 注意：1）现在完成时的否定句句末往往加yet。2）否定句常译为“还没有……”等。5常用于现在完成时的时间状语 除了我们讲过的already, yet, still，just, ever, never, since短语和 for短语外，还有许多时间状语常用于现在完成时，我们要留心将它们和一般过去时的时间状语区分开来： 1. lately, recently是完成时的时间状语；just now 有a moment ago 之意，是过去时的时间状语。如： Have you heard from your family lately/recently? Did you see Joan just now? 2. in the past few years 意思是“过去几年来”，常用于完成时中；in the past意思是“在过去”，常用于过去时中。 如： Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years. Where did you work in the past? 3. ever since then与from then on / after that 都有“打那以后”之意，但前者常用于完成时，而后两者常用于过去时。如： She's lived here ever since then. I didn't hear of Jim from then on/after that.4. before 通常用于完成时；...ago通常用于过去时。如：I have never been to Japan before. She went to Japan two years ago. 5. so far“到目前为止”， these days“这些天来”也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。如： So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon. What have you done these days?6终止性动词与延缓性动词的用法区别动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 1..延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间, 如：for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。 例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year? 2..非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock; 例:He died 5 years ago. 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks. 3.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：非延续性动词不能直接和for 或since 连用，但我们可以找一个相应的延续性动词或动词短语来替换这些非延续性动词，如 : come →be, come to →be in / at, go out→ be out, leave →be away, begin →be on, stop→ be over， buy→ have, borrow→ keep, open →be open, close →be closed, join →be a member of, put on→ weardie →be dead, catch a cold →have a cold, get to know →know,fall asleep →be asleep, fall ill→ be ill become a teacher →be a teacher, finish --- be over, open sth --- keep sth open, 7、since的四种用法1) since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。 I have been here since 1989.My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949. 2) since +一段时间+ ago I have been here since five months ago.3) since +从句（从句通常用一般过去时，而主句一般用现在完成时） Great changes have taken place since you left. I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl. It is （has been）+一段时间+ since从句 It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.被动语态的特殊情况1. 不能用被动语态的几种情况：（1）所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态。（2）表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit等。（3）表示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to等。（4）表示＂希望、意图＂的动词，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。（5）宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。2. 主动形式表被动意义的情况：（1）系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel，sound，taste，book，feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 （2）当cut，sell，read，write，fill，cook，lock，wash，drive，keep等词带状语修饰语时。（3）当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词词组表示＂发生、关闭、制定＂等意思时。（4）want，require，need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。（5）be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。（6）在＂be + 形容词 + to do＂中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。选择填空1．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）—Do you need more time to complete the task? —Yes. Another two days _________ enough.A．is B．was C．are D．were2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—It more than three years since you came to middle school.—Yes, I’ll never forget the enjoyable in my memory.A．are; feeling B．is; experiences C．has been; exercises3．（2024·江西九江·一模）—What’s your parents’ opinion about playing phone games?—They think it’s bad for my health. They always ________ me from playing them.A．have prevented B．preventedC．prevent D．were preventing4．（2024·天津红桥·一模）Bill ___________ along with Miss He on the playground every morning.A．has run B．is running C．runs D．ran5．（2024·上海崇明·一模）The students ________ as volunteers in the nursing home after school every Friday.A．have worked B．works C．are working D．work6．（2024·湖南长沙·一模）Last week I ________ to Beijing Park with my classmates, and we had a good time.A．go B．went C．was going D．has gone7．（2024·云南昆明·一模）—______ Tina and Tim ______ the beautiful sights around Dian Lake?—Yes, they did.A．Has; enjoyed B．Have; enjoyed C．Do; enjoy D．Did; enjoy8．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）When I was a child, my father often gave me a ________ and ________me up.A．hug, lifted B．hugged, lift C．hugged, lifted9．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—There ________ many people throwing rubbish freely before, but few people do this now.—________ good news! Our environment becomes cleaner.A．was used to being, What aB．used to be, WhatC．used to have, What10．（2024·安徽宿州·一模）—Did you find my lost keys?—Yes, I ________ them under the sofa. Here you go!A．found B．will find C．am finding D．was finding11．（2024·陕西西安·一模）—Lucy used to get up late, ________she?—Yes. But now she’s used to________up early.A．didn’t; get B．didn’t; gettingC．did; get D．did; getting12．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）—What’s the matter with you? You look so pale.—I didn’t get to sleep last night. I ________ for my maths test all night.A．studied B．study C．have studied D．had studied13．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? I want to go shopping with you.—Maybe next Saturday afternoon.A．when are you going to Wanda MallB．when you went to Wanda MallC．when you are going to Wanda Mall14．（2024·云南昆明·一模）I ______ to Shangri-la on the high-speed railway next summer vacation.A．travel B．traveled C．was traveling D．will travel15．（2024·广西贺州·一模）—What’s your plan for the winter holiday?—I ________ my father work in the restaurant.A．am helping B．will help C．have helped16．（2024·陕西西安·三模）There ________ a number of sports events in our school next month. We can’t wait ________ them.A．will have; to see B．will be; to see C．will have; seeing D．will be; seeing17．（2024·四川凉山·一模）—May I speak to Linda?—Sorry, Linda ______ to Shanghai on business. She ______ back in two days. A．has been; will come B．has gone; comes C．has gone: will come18．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Excuse me, do you know when Tom ________ home tomorrow?—Sorry, I don’t know. When he ________ home, I will tell him to call you back.A．will return; will get B．returns; will get C．will return; gets19．（2024·吉林四平·一模）—Would you mind telling me if he ________ the meeting tomorrow?—He won’t, unless he ________.A．will attend; is invited B．attends; will be invited C．will attend; invites20．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）I ________ you my drawing after I have finished it.A．show B．showed C．will show D．am showing21．（2024·安徽合肥·一模）—What are these potatoes used for?—We ________ them on the mini-farm after school today. Come and join us.A．plant B．will plant C．was planting D．have planted22．（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·一模）I often hear him ________ in the room. Listen! He ________ in the room.A．singing; singing B．sing; singing C．sing; is singing23．（2024·吉林·一模）One expert and one scientist ________ coming to speak to us about science and technology tomorrow.A．is B．are C．were24．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）—Someone is ringing the bell. Can you open the door, Tom?—Wait a second, mom. I ________ my hands.A．was washing B．am washing C．washed D．wash25．（2024·广西南宁·一模）—Wow! Look! There are so many people.—Yes. They ________ the poster of the art show.A．enjoyed B．are enjoying C．have enjoyed26．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）Don’t take the book away. I ________ it.A．read B．have read C．was reading D．am reading27．（2024·安徽合肥·一模）—Jim, could you help me send a book to Mr. Smith?—Sorry, not right now. I ________ for the information for my paper.A．search B．have searched C．am searching D．searched28．（2024·广西·一模）—John, shall we go out for a walk? —Wait a minute. I ________ my shoes.A．am washing B．was washing C．have washed29．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）Ben is not here. He _________ for the coming Art Festival in the music room.A．practices B．practiced C．bas practiced D．is practicing30．（2024·甘肃酒泉·一模）Tim Cook called his mother every week even while he ________ around the world.A．travels B．traveled C．is traveling D．was traveling31．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）—Could you tell me where you found Mark just now?—Certainly. In the school playground. He ____ happily with his classmates at that time.A．is playing B．has played C．was playing D．had played32．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—Why didn’t you answer my phone just now?—Sorry, I ________ for some good TV shows that are worth watching online.A．am searching B．have searched C．was searching D．searched33．（2024·福建漳州·一模）—What was the noise just now?—Oh, some workers ________ the air conditioner.A．are repairing B．will repair C．were repairing34．（2024·河北承德·一模）I wasn’t at home when you rang me. I ________ my dog outside.A．walk B．walked C．am walking D．was walking35．（2024·河北邢台·一模）Tony called his mother every week even while he ______ around the world.A．was travelling B．travelled C．travels D．is travelling36．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）Tony called his mother every week even while he __________ around the world.A．is travelling B．travels C．travelled D．was travelling37．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）I ________ China for three months and this is the first time I’ve tried on hanfu.A．have gone to B．have been to C．have been in38．（2024·安徽滁州·一模）There ________ a great number of visitors in this science museum in the last five years.A．was B．were C．has been D．have been39．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Did Jim and Mary get married?—Yes. They ________for three years.A．married B．have got married C．have been married40．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）Great changes ________ in my hometown in the last few years.A．took place B．will take place C．have taken place D．have been taken place41．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）Her grandma ________ for five years.A．has been dead B．has died C．died D．had died42．（2024·江苏扬州·一模）—Where is your son Jimmy working now? —He ________ the city of Beijing, China for two years.A．has gone to B．has been to C．was in D．has been in43．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）Miss Li ________ baduanjin for 2 years and she is in excellent condition.A．played B．will play C．has played D．was playing44．（2024·陕西西安·三模）His pet dog ________ for many years and the ________ of the dog made her very sad.A．has died; dying B．has died; death C．has been dead; dying D．has been dead; death45．（2024·甘肃酒泉·一模）—Mmm ..., so delicious. What is it?—It ________ jiaozi, one of the Chinese traditional dumplings in North China.A．calls B．is called C．called D．was called46．（2024·江苏连云港·一模）If Kitty _________ another 30 minutes, she will finish the painting.A．will give B．will be given C．is given D．gives47．（2024·安徽滁州·一模）—I hear that children in this area ________ in local primary schools, but their secondary education is at home.—Really? That’s amazing.A．educate B．educated C．will educate D．are educated48．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）China’s hot words, like tuhao, dama, _________ in the western media.A．use widely B．is widely usedC．are widely used D．uses widely49．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）The park is getting more and more beautiful because most kinds of flowers ________ every year.A．are planted B．plantC．planted D．have been planted50．（2024·广西河池·二模）The garden is more and more beautiful because many flowers ________ every year.A．are planted B．planted C．were planting51．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）Annie ________ to the party last night. She had a wonderful time with us.A．invites B．is invited C．was invited D．has invited52．（2024·吉林·一模）Paper ________ in ancient China more than 2,000 years ago.A．is invented B．was invented C．invented53．（2024·安徽宿州·一模）It’s said that paper cutting ________ for the first time about 1,500 years ago.A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented54．（2024·四川自贡·一模）Paper ______ first ______ about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun.A．was; invented B．is; invented C．has; invented55．（2024·河北承德·一模）An English speech ________ to children last week.A．gave B．give C．is given D．was given56．（2024·重庆沙坪坝·一模）A talk on environment ________ in our school next Sunday.A．will give B．has givenC．has been given D．will be given57．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）National Day celebrations ________ in about three months.A．will be held B．will hold C．is held D．was held58．（2024·安徽滁州·一模）To make students realize the importance of green life, some activities on environmental protection ________ next term.A．added B．are added C．were added D．will be added59．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）A new library _________ in our school next year.A．will build B．will be built C．build D．are built60．（2024·四川凉山·一模）It’s said that a bird-friendly garden ______ in our town next year. A．has been built B．will build C．will be built61．（2024·安徽宿州·一模）A new library ________ next to the sports center in two months.A．has built B．is building C．was built D．will be built62．（2022·河北保定·模拟预测）A new school ________ here.The local government hopes to finish it next year.A．is built B．was builtC．has been built D．is being built63．（2022·江苏连云港·二模）—Peter got seriously ________ in the car accident last week. —Yes, he did. And he is ________ in the hospital now.A．was hurt; taken good care B．was hurt; taken good care ofC．hurt; being taken good care of D．hurt; taken good care64．（2024·甘肃平凉·一模）Paper ________ the fibres of plants for many years.A．was made into B．have been made out ofC．made up of D．has been made from65．（2023·安徽·模拟预测）—When will our school hold a sports meeting this term?—It’s a pity. According to the school’s decision, it ________ because of the awful weather.A．will be canceled B．will cancel C．canceled D．has been canceled66．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）The last part of the article can’t be _________ because it shows the ending of the story.A．cut up B．cut down C．cut out D．cut off67．（2024·福建漳州·一模）Teenagers should ________ to ask for help in a proper way when they have trouble.A．encourage B．be encouraged C．be encouraging68．（2023·四川达州·二模）I don’t know when the sports meeting ________. When it ________, I will watch the players all the time.A．is held; takes place B．will take place; is held C．will be held; will take place69．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）It ________ Jia Ling has become one of the most successful female directors.A．is turned out B．turns out C．is carried out D．carries out70．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）I will show you the photos ________ in Beijing by the time they ________.A．taken; come out B．were taken; are come outC．were taken; will come out D．taken; are come out 时态及形式用法例句常用时间状语一般现在时动词be（am/is/are）行为动词第三人称单数做主语时，动词用单三，其余用动原（+s/s,x,o,ch,sh+es/辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+es）1）表示经常发生的动作或状态2）表示主语的特征、性格和能力3）表示客观事实或普遍真理；4）在时间或条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时5）用在剧本、新闻标题、动作解说、戏剧描绘中1）We get up at 6 every morning.2) She studies very hard.3) The teacher told us that the earth moves round the sun.4) I’ll let you know as soon as he telephones me.5) Here comes the bus.6）The meeting is at 2:00 p.m.7)More Teenagers Try Cigarettes.every day；once a week；always/usually/often/sometimes/seldom/never；nowadays......时态及形式用法例句常用时间状语2.一般过去时1）动词be（was/were）2)行为动词的过去式（+ed/+d/双写+ed/改y为i+ed/不规则变化）1）表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作1）I saw him yesterday.2) He said he wouldn’t come if it rained the next day.3）I hoped you could give us some help.4）When I was a boy, I often went to play in that park.yesterday;just now;last year;three days ago;in 1998;when+从句...时态及形式用法例句常用时间状语3.一般将来时1）shall/will do （shall用于第一人称，美国英语中所有人称都用will）2)am/is/are going to do1）表示将要发生的动作或情况表示一种倾向或习惯性动作3）表示打算做某事, 表示安排好的事/即将发生的事1）We shall/will go to Beijing tomorrow.2) Fish will die without water.3) I’m going to learn the French.4) The children are to learn English next week.tomorrow;next week;soon;tonight;this evening/weekendin a few days;from now on;when + 从句...时态及形式用法例句常用时间状语4．过去将来时1）should/would do（用法同一般将来时）2）was/were going to do1) 表示过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态 2）表示过去习惯性动作3）表示在过去某一时间对将来的打算1）He wanted to know when the meeting would begin.2)Whenever he had time, he would help them in their work.3) No one knew when he was going to come.常用在主句是一般过去时后的宾语从句中; the next day/morning, year…,the following month/week…时态及形式用法例句常用时间状语5．现在进行时1）am/is/are doing2) 移动动词的现在进行形式表将来（参看一般将来时用法）3)一般不用于进行时态的动词：a.表示知觉的动词（see/hear/smell/taste/notice/feel等）b.表示态度和情感的动词（believe/agree/like/hate/want/think等）c.表示抽象关系或概念的动词（have/depend/seem/consist/possess等）表示此时此刻正在进行的动作2）表示目前这段时间正在进行的动作3）表示反复出现或习惯性动作（always/constantly）4）有的动词用于现在进行时表示“逐渐”5）表示按计划即将发生的动作（参看一般将来时）The boys are reading magazines.What’s he doing this week?The girl is always smiling happily.It’s getting cold.5) He’s leaving for Beijing.nowat presentat the momentthese daysthis weeklooklisten6．过去进行时was/were doing表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作1）We were having a meeting at 3 yesterday afternoon.2) He was reading a novel in the library this morning.3) He was forever complaining about something.4) I asked him whether he was coming back for supper.at that timeyesterday morningwhen + 从句7．现在完成时have/has + 动词过去分词（规则化同动词过去式/不规则变化单独记忆）表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果2）表示过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态(有可能还会延续下去)，常和表示一段时间的状语连用1）I haven’t finished my homework yet.2) He has been ill for 3 days.3）Shanghai has changed a lot since 1978.4) It’s been 10 years since they married.already/ever/just/yetoften/never/alwaysonce/twice/beforeso far/up to nowrecentlyin the past few yearsfor + 时间段since +时间点/从句
中考预测 抢分法宝02 重难语法梳理一（时态和语态）1. 动词的时态和语态是初中英语的一个重要语法项目，也是各地中考试题的一个考查热点。2. 综合分析历年全国各地中考试题，中考主要考查一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、现在进行时、一般将来时、过去完成时以及各种时态的被动语态的构成及用法。3. 测试重点放在根据特定语言环境区别使用一般现在时，一般过去时和现在完成时；一般现在时(过去时)与现在(过去)进行时；特定的时间状语中时态的使用；结合所获得的语言知识确定正确时态的能力等。综上所述，动词的时态在中考测试中的地位非常重要。思维导图解题技巧1. 判断语态 相对于时态而言，语态更好判断一些。英语中的语态共两种：主动语态和被动语态。多数题型是四个选项中主动语态和被动语态各占一半，如果首先判断出语态，排除了主动语态的选项或含有被动语态的选项，那么该题目的正确率可以达到50%。另外，通过语义表达，学生是不难判断出该句子的主语发出的动作表达的是主动含义还是被动含义。2. 看时间状语或标志词不同的时态对应的时间状语是不同的。一般现在时的时间状语有：表频率的时间状语(频度副词或介词短语)；一般过去时的时间状语有：last week; a moment ago; in 1980; yesterday等等表过去的某时间；一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow, next year, next week, two days later等等表将来的时间；现在完成时的时间状语有：so far, up to now, for+时间段， since+时间点，over/in the past/last few years/months…等等；过去完成时的时间状语有：before+过去的时间， by+过去的时间等；现在进行时的时间状语有：now, at the moment等；过去进行时的时间状语有：at this time yesterday, at 8:00 this morning等过去某一时间点。记住和不同时态一起搭配的时间状语，有助于我们提高做题的正确率。3. 看复合句中的其他句子的谓语动词 比较该动词和要填的动词发生的时间先后，可以判断出要填的谓语动词是发生在现在、将来、过去，还是过去的过去等等。4. 固定句型 This/It is/was the first/second…that从句，从句用现在完成时或过去完成时；hardly/rarely/scarcely+过去完成时+when+一般过去时；no sooner+过去完成时+than+一般过去时；While引导的句子用一般时或进行时；when引导的句子用一般时。5. 语法归纳在时间、条件和让步状语从句中用主将从现(主句用将来时，从句用现在时);主情从现(主句出现情态动词，从句用现在时);主祈从现(主句是祈使句，从句用现在时)；含有宾语从句的复合句，时态的归纳。主过从必过(主句时态是过去时，从句时态也用过去的某种时态)；主现从不限(主句时态是现在时，从句时态没有限制)；真理永不变(客观事实和普遍真理宾语从句永远用一般现在时)。知识梳理知识点一： 1．对一般现在时考查【知识梳理1】基本概念; 一般现在时通常表示习惯性的、反复发生的动作。通常与表示频度的副词如 often, sometimes, usually, always, occasionally 等和时间状语如 in the evening, at night, twice a month, every day / week / month / year, on Sundays 等连用。一般现在时可表示主语的特征、能力或状态以及普遍真理。【知识梳理2】 对主将从现的考查：在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as, the minute / second / moment, the next time 等引导的时间状语中或由 if, so / as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时变化：be动词的变化：否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：----Are you a student? ----Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：-----Where is my book? -----It is on the table.2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。 如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。 如：He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：---- Do you often play football? ---- Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。 如：---- Does she go to work by bike? ---- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 如：How does your father go to work?知识点二：对一般过去时的考查【知识梳理1】基本概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词组或从句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago, at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…), last night (week, month, year…), 一段时间 + ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago, in 1990, just now, long before, long long ago. 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。构成及变化： 1.规则动词： 1）Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was（was not=wasn’t）；are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）；带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 2）行为动词的变化：否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？ 如： What did Jim do yesterday?注意：疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？ 如：Who went to home yesterday? 3）规则动词的变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped；4. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied知识点三：对一般将来时的考查【知识梳理1】基本概念：表示将来的动作或状态 . 与时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等连用。【知识梳理2】主将从现的考察:在 由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as, the minute / second / moment, the next time 等引导的时间状语中或由 if, so / as long as, once, even if, although, whether…or…, in case, whatever, whenever, wherever 等引导的条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。常见结构. “be going to＋动词原形”结构用来表示按照主观意图打算或按计划，安排将要做的事，有“打算、就要”的意思。也常用于表示从迹象上表明将要发生的事情，多指个人主观臆断的推测。如：Look at the clouds. It’s going to rain. 看这些云，要下雨了。 2）. “shall或will＋动词原形”指对将来事物近期或远期的预见，表达个人主观意图以及征求对方意见或表示客气的邀请。在书面语中，shall多用于第一人称；在口语中，will可以用于任何人称。如：I shall/will show my photos to you next Monday. 我下周一给你看我的照片。知识点四：对过去将来时的考查【知识梳理1】基本概念：过去将要做的事情。【知识梳理2】对过去将来时would +do；was/ were +going to do和常见用在过去将来中的谓语动词promised 承诺，predict 预测等的考查。知识点五：现在进行时【知识梳理1】基本概念：表示说话者说话时正在发生的动作或者目前一段时间内正在进行的动作（但说话时这个动作不一定在进行）【知识梳理2】时间状语：now ，right now, at the moment等。常用look！…listen！…等开头，强调某人正在做某事。但很多题目在考察进行时态时没有明确的时间状语，需要学生自己去理解。一、现在进行时的几种形态变化：１．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。２．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。３．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing?如：What are you doing now?但疑问词当主语时,即划线部分是主语时,其结构为：疑问词 + be + 动词ing?如：Who is singing outside the door?二、动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，且是重读闭音节，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping知识点六：过去进行时【知识梳理1】基本概念：表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。【知识梳理2】时间状语：this time yesterday；at eleven yesterday morning（具体到过去的某一时间点）at that time等。【知识梳理3】常考点：when A did sth. B was doing sth. else.当某人做某事的时候，另一个人正在做另一件事。知识点七：现在完成时【知识梳理1】基本概念：表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，持续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去，着眼点在现在。【知识梳理2】时间状语：现在完成时时常与不确定的过去时间状语连用。连用的时间状语都较模糊，如：in/over/during/for the past few years/months/weeks/days, these days, so far, up to now, since, for，ever since, since then, by this time, in / over the past few years, “since + 过去某一时刻”,“for + 时间段”等。【知识梳理3】常考点：表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that” 后面用现在完成时。1. 表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如Have you read that story？你读过那个故事吗？（“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：是否知道故事的内容。） I have bought two apples．我买了两个苹果。 （“买”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的结果是：拥有两个苹果。） 在学习这一概念的同时，还应注意常与现在完成时连用的几个副词：already，just，ever，yet，never等。already，just多用于肯定句中，ever，yet，never多用于疑问句和否定句中。如： I have already finished my homework．我已经做完家庭作业了。 He has just had his meal．他刚吃过饭。 Have you ever sung this English song？你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？ They haven't started yet．他们还没有动身。 2. 表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。①因为表示的是持续的动作或状态，所以使用的动词通常是延续性动词：be, stay, study, wait, keep, have… 等；②使用的时间状语通常由for或since 引导，但二者后接的词有所不同：for后常跟一个时间段，指某个动作到现在为止已持续了多长时间。如：for three years, for half an hour等。 since后面接一个时间点，如since 1980，也可以接“一段时间+ago”如: since three years ago, since two months ago等。since 还可用作连词，引导一个过去时态的时间状语从句。如：We have known each other since we went to college.③非延续性动词不能直接和for 或since 连用，但我们可以找一个相应的延续性动词或动词短语来替换这些非延续性动词，3.过去分词的构成 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：⑴、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ” work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited ⑵、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ” lived---lived---lived , ⑶、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ” study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , play---played---played ,stay---stayed---stayed ⑷、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ” stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 不规则动词：不规则动词的过去分词要特别牢记，详见不规则动词表4现在完成时的句式变化1.肯定句式 现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）＋done ”。如： ① We have just finished our homework． ② She has gone home． 2.疑问句式 现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。如： ③ Have you read this story book yet？ 特殊疑问句及反意疑问句结构如下： ④ What have you done with my bike? ⑤ You've read this story book, haven't you? 注意：1）现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。 2）把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时，往往译成“……过吗？”、“已经……了吗？”等。 3）其肯定回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．”，否定回答用“No，．．．haven't（hasn't）．”，有时用“No，not yet．”或“No，never．”。 3.否定句式现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't（hasn't）＋过去分词”。如： ⑥ We haven't studied Unit 2 yet． ⑦ The train hasn't stopped yet． 注意：1）现在完成时的否定句句末往往加yet。2）否定句常译为“还没有……”等。5常用于现在完成时的时间状语 除了我们讲过的already, yet, still，just, ever, never, since短语和 for短语外，还有许多时间状语常用于现在完成时，我们要留心将它们和一般过去时的时间状语区分开来： 1. lately, recently是完成时的时间状语；just now 有a moment ago 之意，是过去时的时间状语。如： Have you heard from your family lately/recently? Did you see Joan just now? 2. in the past few years 意思是“过去几年来”，常用于完成时中；in the past意思是“在过去”，常用于过去时中。 如： Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years. Where did you work in the past? 3. ever since then与from then on / after that 都有“打那以后”之意，但前者常用于完成时，而后两者常用于过去时。如： She's lived here ever since then. I didn't hear of Jim from then on/after that.4. before 通常用于完成时；...ago通常用于过去时。如：I have never been to Japan before. She went to Japan two years ago. 5. so far“到目前为止”， these days“这些天来”也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。如： So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon. What have you done these days?6终止性动词与延缓性动词的用法区别动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。 1..延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间, 如：for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。 例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year? 2..非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock; 例:He died 5 years ago. 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks. 3.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：非延续性动词不能直接和for 或since 连用，但我们可以找一个相应的延续性动词或动词短语来替换这些非延续性动词，如 : come →be, come to →be in / at, go out→ be out, leave →be away, begin →be on, stop→ be over， buy→ have, borrow→ keep, open →be open, close →be closed, join →be a member of, put on→ weardie →be dead, catch a cold →have a cold, get to know →know,fall asleep →be asleep, fall ill→ be ill become a teacher →be a teacher, finish --- be over, open sth --- keep sth open, 7、since的四种用法1) since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。 I have been here since 1989.My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949. 2) since +一段时间+ ago I have been here since five months ago.3) since +从句（从句通常用一般过去时，而主句一般用现在完成时） Great changes have taken place since you left. I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl. It is （has been）+一段时间+ since从句 It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.被动语态的特殊情况1. 不能用被动语态的几种情况：（1）所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态。（2）表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit等。（3）表示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to等。（4）表示＂希望、意图＂的动词，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。（5）宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。2. 主动形式表被动意义的情况：（1）系动词没有被动形式，但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel，sound，taste，book，feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 （2）当cut，sell，read，write，fill，cook，lock，wash，drive，keep等词带状语修饰语时。（3）当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词词组表示＂发生、关闭、制定＂等意思时。（4）want，require，need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。（5）be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。（6）在＂be + 形容词 + to do＂中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。选择填空1．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）—Do you need more time to complete the task? —Yes. Another two days _________ enough.A．is B．was C．are D．were2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—It more than three years since you came to middle school.—Yes, I’ll never forget the enjoyable in my memory.A．are; feeling B．is; experiences C．has been; exercises3．（2024·江西九江·一模）—What’s your parents’ opinion about playing phone games?—They think it’s bad for my health. They always ________ me from playing them.A．have prevented B．preventedC．prevent D．were preventing4．（2024·天津红桥·一模）Bill ___________ along with Miss He on the playground every morning.A．has run B．is running C．runs D．ran5．（2024·上海崇明·一模）The students ________ as volunteers in the nursing home after school every Friday.A．have worked B．works C．are working D．work6．（2024·湖南长沙·一模）Last week I ________ to Beijing Park with my classmates, and we had a good time.A．go B．went C．was going D．has gone7．（2024·云南昆明·一模）—______ Tina and Tim ______ the beautiful sights around Dian Lake?—Yes, they did.A．Has; enjoyed B．Have; enjoyed C．Do; enjoy D．Did; enjoy8．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）When I was a child, my father often gave me a ________ and ________me up.A．hug, lifted B．hugged, lift C．hugged, lifted9．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—There ________ many people throwing rubbish freely before, but few people do this now.—________ good news! Our environment becomes cleaner.A．was used to being, What aB．used to be, WhatC．used to have, What10．（2024·安徽宿州·一模）—Did you find my lost keys?—Yes, I ________ them under the sofa. Here you go!A．found B．will find C．am finding D．was finding11．（2024·陕西西安·一模）—Lucy used to get up late, ________she?—Yes. But now she’s used to________up early.A．didn’t; get B．didn’t; gettingC．did; get D．did; getting12．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）—What’s the matter with you? You look so pale.—I didn’t get to sleep last night. I ________ for my maths test all night.A．studied B．study C．have studied D．had studied13．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________? I want to go shopping with you.—Maybe next Saturday afternoon.A．when are you going to Wanda MallB．when you went to Wanda MallC．when you are going to Wanda Mall14．（2024·云南昆明·一模）I ______ to Shangri-la on the high-speed railway next summer vacation.A．travel B．traveled C．was traveling D．will travel15．（2024·广西贺州·一模）—What’s your plan for the winter holiday?—I ________ my father work in the restaurant.A．am helping B．will help C．have helped16．（2024·陕西西安·三模）There ________ a number of sports events in our school next month. We can’t wait ________ them.A．will have; to see B．will be; to see C．will have; seeing D．will be; seeing17．（2024·四川凉山·一模）—May I speak to Linda?—Sorry, Linda ______ to Shanghai on business. She ______ back in two days. A．has been; will come B．has gone; comes C．has gone: will come18．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Excuse me, do you know when Tom ________ home tomorrow?—Sorry, I don’t know. When he ________ home, I will tell him to call you back.A．will return; will get B．returns; will get C．will return; gets19．（2024·吉林四平·一模）—Would you mind telling me if he ________ the meeting tomorrow?—He won’t, unless he ________.A．will attend; is invited B．attends; will be invited C．will attend; invites20．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）I ________ you my drawing after I have finished it.A．show B．showed C．will show D．am showing21．（2024·安徽合肥·一模）—What are these potatoes used for?—We ________ them on the mini-farm after school today. Come and join us.A．plant B．will plant C．was planting D．have planted22．（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·一模）I often hear him ________ in the room. Listen! He ________ in the room.A．singing; singing B．sing; singing C．sing; is singing23．（2024·吉林·一模）One expert and one scientist ________ coming to speak to us about science and technology tomorrow.A．is B．are C．were24．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）—Someone is ringing the bell. Can you open the door, Tom?—Wait a second, mom. I ________ my hands.A．was washing B．am washing C．washed D．wash25．（2024·广西南宁·一模）—Wow! Look! There are so many people.—Yes. They ________ the poster of the art show.A．enjoyed B．are enjoying C．have enjoyed26．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）Don’t take the book away. I ________ it.A．read B．have read C．was reading D．am reading27．（2024·安徽合肥·一模）—Jim, could you help me send a book to Mr. Smith?—Sorry, not right now. I ________ for the information for my paper.A．search B．have searched C．am searching D．searched28．（2024·广西·一模）—John, shall we go out for a walk? —Wait a minute. I ________ my shoes.A．am washing B．was washing C．have washed29．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）Ben is not here. He _________ for the coming Art Festival in the music room.A．practices B．practiced C．bas practiced D．is practicing30．（2024·甘肃酒泉·一模）Tim Cook called his mother every week even while he ________ around the world.A．travels B．traveled C．is traveling D．was traveling31．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）—Could you tell me where you found Mark just now?—Certainly. In the school playground. He ____ happily with his classmates at that time.A．is playing B．has played C．was playing D．had played32．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）—Why didn’t you answer my phone just now?—Sorry, I ________ for some good TV shows that are worth watching online.A．am searching B．have searched C．was searching D．searched33．（2024·福建漳州·一模）—What was the noise just now?—Oh, some workers ________ the air conditioner.A．are repairing B．will repair C．were repairing34．（2024·河北承德·一模）I wasn’t at home when you rang me. I ________ my dog outside.A．walk B．walked C．am walking D．was walking35．（2024·河北邢台·一模）Tony called his mother every week even while he ______ around the world.A．was travelling B．travelled C．travels D．is travelling36．（2024·河北石家庄·一模）Tony called his mother every week even while he __________ around the world.A．is travelling B．travels C．travelled D．was travelling37．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）I ________ China for three months and this is the first time I’ve tried on hanfu.A．have gone to B．have been to C．have been in38．（2024·安徽滁州·一模）There ________ a great number of visitors in this science museum in the last five years.A．was B．were C．has been D．have been39．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—Did Jim and Mary get married?—Yes. They ________for three years.A．married B．have got married C．have been married40．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）Great changes ________ in my hometown in the last few years.A．took place B．will take place C．have taken place D．have been taken place41．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）Her grandma ________ for five years.A．has been dead B．has died C．died D．had died42．（2024·江苏扬州·一模）—Where is your son Jimmy working now? —He ________ the city of Beijing, China for two years.A．has gone to B．has been to C．was in D．has been in43．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）Miss Li ________ baduanjin for 2 years and she is in excellent condition.A．played B．will play C．has played D．was playing44．（2024·陕西西安·三模）His pet dog ________ for many years and the ________ of the dog made her very sad.A．has died; dying B．has died; death C．has been dead; dying D．has been dead; death45．（2024·甘肃酒泉·一模）—Mmm ..., so delicious. What is it?—It ________ jiaozi, one of the Chinese traditional dumplings in North China.A．calls B．is called C．called D．was called46．（2024·江苏连云港·一模）If Kitty _________ another 30 minutes, she will finish the painting.A．will give B．will be given C．is given D．gives47．（2024·安徽滁州·一模）—I hear that children in this area ________ in local primary schools, but their secondary education is at home.—Really? That’s amazing.A．educate B．educated C．will educate D．are educated48．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）China’s hot words, like tuhao, dama, _________ in the western media.A．use widely B．is widely usedC．are widely used D．uses widely49．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）The park is getting more and more beautiful because most kinds of flowers ________ every year.A．are planted B．plantC．planted D．have been planted50．（2024·广西河池·二模）The garden is more and more beautiful because many flowers ________ every year.A．are planted B．planted C．were planting51．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）Annie ________ to the party last night. She had a wonderful time with us.A．invites B．is invited C．was invited D．has invited52．（2024·吉林·一模）Paper ________ in ancient China more than 2,000 years ago.A．is invented B．was invented C．invented53．（2024·安徽宿州·一模）It’s said that paper cutting ________ for the first time about 1,500 years ago.A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented54．（2024·四川自贡·一模）Paper ______ first ______ about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun.A．was; invented B．is; invented C．has; invented55．（2024·河北承德·一模）An English speech ________ to children last week.A．gave B．give C．is given D．was given56．（2024·重庆沙坪坝·一模）A talk on environment ________ in our school next Sunday.A．will give B．has givenC．has been given D．will be given57．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）National Day celebrations ________ in about three months.A．will be held B．will hold C．is held D．was held58．（2024·安徽滁州·一模）To make students realize the importance of green life, some activities on environmental protection ________ next term.A．added B．are added C．were added D．will be added59．（2024·天津滨海新·一模）A new library _________ in our school next year.A．will build B．will be built C．build D．are built60．（2024·四川凉山·一模）It’s said that a bird-friendly garden ______ in our town next year. A．has been built B．will build C．will be built61．（2024·安徽宿州·一模）A new library ________ next to the sports center in two months.A．has built B．is building C．was built D．will be built62．（2022·河北保定·模拟预测）A new school ________ here.The local government hopes to finish it next year.A．is built B．was builtC．has been built D．is being built63．（2022·江苏连云港·二模）—Peter got seriously ________ in the car accident last week. —Yes, he did. And he is ________ in the hospital now.A．was hurt; taken good care B．was hurt; taken good care ofC．hurt; being taken good care of D．hurt; taken good care64．（2024·甘肃平凉·一模）Paper ________ the fibres of plants for many years.A．was made into B．have been made out ofC．made up of D．has been made from65．（2023·安徽·模拟预测）—When will our school hold a sports meeting this term?—It’s a pity. According to the school’s decision, it ________ because of the awful weather.A．will be canceled B．will cancel C．canceled D．has been canceled66．（2024·甘肃武威·一模）The last part of the article can’t be _________ because it shows the ending of the story.A．cut up B．cut down C．cut out D．cut off67．（2024·福建漳州·一模）Teenagers should ________ to ask for help in a proper way when they have trouble.A．encourage B．be encouraged C．be encouraging68．（2023·四川达州·二模）I don’t know when the sports meeting ________. When it ________, I will watch the players all the time.A．is held; takes place B．will take place; is held C．will be held; will take place69．（2024·江苏无锡·一模）It ________ Jia Ling has become one of the most successful female directors.A．is turned out B．turns out C．is carried out D．carries out70．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）I will show you the photos ________ in Beijing by the time they ________.A．taken; come out B．were taken; are come outC．were taken; will come out D．taken; are come out 时态及形式用法例句常用时间状语一般现在时动词be（am/is/are）行为动词第三人称单数做主语时，动词用单三，其余用动原（+s/s,x,o,ch,sh+es/辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+es）1）表示经常发生的动作或状态2）表示主语的特征、性格和能力3）表示客观事实或普遍真理；4）在时间或条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时5）用在剧本、新闻标题、动作解说、戏剧描绘中1）We get up at 6 every morning.2) She studies very hard.3) The teacher told us that the earth moves round the sun.4) I’ll let you know as soon as he telephones me.5) Here comes the bus.6）The meeting is at 2:00 p.m.7)More Teenagers Try Cigarettes.every day；once a week；always/usually/often/sometimes/seldom/never；nowadays......时态及形式用法例句常用时间状语2.一般过去时1）动词be（was/were）2)行为动词的过去式（+ed/+d/双写+ed/改y为i+ed/不规则变化）1）表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作1）I saw him yesterday.2) He said he wouldn’t come if it rained the next day.3）I hoped you could give us some help.4）When I was a boy, I often went to play in that park.yesterday;just now;last year;three days ago;in 1998;when+从句...时态及形式用法例句常用时间状语3.一般将来时1）shall/will do （shall用于第一人称，美国英语中所有人称都用will）2)am/is/are going to do1）表示将要发生的动作或情况表示一种倾向或习惯性动作3）表示打算做某事, 表示安排好的事/即将发生的事1）We shall/will go to Beijing tomorrow.2) Fish will die without water.3) I’m going to learn the French.4) The children are to learn English next week.tomorrow;next week;soon;tonight;this evening/weekendin a few days;from now on;when + 从句...时态及形式用法例句常用时间状语4．过去将来时1）should/would do（用法同一般将来时）2）was/were going to do1) 表示过去预计将要发生的动作或存在的状态 2）表示过去习惯性动作3）表示在过去某一时间对将来的打算1）He wanted to know when the meeting would begin.2)Whenever he had time, he would help them in their work.3) No one knew when he was going to come.常用在主句是一般过去时后的宾语从句中; the next day/morning, year…,the following month/week…时态及形式用法例句常用时间状语5．现在进行时1）am/is/are doing2) 移动动词的现在进行形式表将来（参看一般将来时用法）3)一般不用于进行时态的动词：a.表示知觉的动词（see/hear/smell/taste/notice/feel等）b.表示态度和情感的动词（believe/agree/like/hate/want/think等）c.表示抽象关系或概念的动词（have/depend/seem/consist/possess等）表示此时此刻正在进行的动作2）表示目前这段时间正在进行的动作3）表示反复出现或习惯性动作（always/constantly）4）有的动词用于现在进行时表示“逐渐”5）表示按计划即将发生的动作（参看一般将来时）The boys are reading magazines.What’s he doing this week?The girl is always smiling happily.It’s getting cold.5) He’s leaving for Beijing.nowat presentat the momentthese daysthis weeklooklisten6．过去进行时was/were doing表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作1）We were having a meeting at 3 yesterday afternoon.2) He was reading a novel in the library this morning.3) He was forever complaining about something.4) I asked him whether he was coming back for supper.at that timeyesterday morningwhen + 从句7．现在完成时have/has + 动词过去分词（规则化同动词过去式/不规则变化单独记忆）表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果2）表示过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态(有可能还会延续下去)，常和表示一段时间的状语连用1）I haven’t finished my homework yet.2) He has been ill for 3 days.3）Shanghai has changed a lot since 1978.4) It’s been 10 years since they married.already/ever/just/yetoften/never/alwaysonce/twice/beforeso far/up to nowrecentlyin the past few yearsfor + 时间段since +时间点/从句
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