福建省福州第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份福建省福州第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语试题（Word版附解析），共36页。试卷主要包含了英语学科选择性必修二模块试卷等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When did the man visit the Natinal Park?
A. Last September. B. Last December. C. This July.
2. What des the wman think f Olivia?
A. She is quiet. B. She is sciable. C. She is talkative.
3. What will the man d this Tuesday?
A. Attend an interview. B. Meet his dctr. C. Deliver a speech.
4. Why did the man chse the cttage?
A. Its view. B. Its cmfrt. C. Its facilities.
5. Where did the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At the airprt. B. In the ffice. C. At the htel.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man's attitude twards his jb?
A. He is tired. B. He is disappinted. C. He is enthusiastic.
7. Hw ld is the man?
A. 25. B. 40. C. 65.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What des the wman suggest buying?
A. A purple blue dress. B. A pale pink lamp. C. Pale blue scented candles.
9. Wh are the speakers?
A. Amber's neighbrs.
B Amber's sister and brther.
C. Amber's parents.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. Where des the cnversatin prbably happen?
A. At the railway statin.
B. In Zhuzheng Garden.
C. At the Garden Museum.
11. Which is a must see accrding t the wmen?
A. Gusu District. B. Zhuzheng Garden. C. Garden Museum.
12. Which garden will the man skip this time?
A. Tuisi Garden. B. Liuyuan Garden. C. Zhuzheng Garden.
13. Why is Suzhu Museum wrth visiting?
A. It ffers free exhibitins.
B. It is clse t Tuisi Garden.
C. It huses rich cultural relics.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Chsing the suitable bks.
B. Managing the reading wrklad.
C. Chsing the right pen fr marking.
15. What des the man use t mark new vcabulary?
A. Orange clr. B. Blue clr. C. Yellw clr.
16. Which is the man's tip fr marking?
A. Marking befre examinatins.
B. Marking as much as pssible.
C. Marking after reading the entire paragraph.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the fcus fr the 2024-2025 SLP prgram?
A. Academic achievements.
B. Envirnmental prtectin.
C. The develpment f leadership.
18. Which sessin f the prgram is t be run n the US campus?
A. Pre-summer prgram.
B. Summer prgram.
C. Pst-summer prgram.
19. What shuld the students d after the summer prgram?
A. Create a fllw-up prgram.
B. Cmplete academic cursewrk.
C Cnduct their cmmunity engagement plans.
20. Wh is mst likely t be admitted int the SLP?
A. An exchange student in America.
B. A 30-year-ld PE teacher in China.
C. A student wh hasn't been t America.
第二部分 阅读（共两节 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ideas we like...
Our pick f the mnth’s smartest tech
Opal Tadple webcam
Marketed as the wrld’s first prtable webcam, the Opal Tadple is tiny and surprisingly affrdable. Despite its small size, the camera features a directinal mic that blcks surrunding nise, and ffers an unexpectedly high-quality 4K camera. It can be clipped n tp f any laptp and taken anywhere.
Humane AI Pin
This device will seem familiar t any keen-eyed readers. Currently, it’s hard t tell if this is revlutinary r just a trend that wn’t last the year. The Humane AI Pin is a device t replace yur smartphne, ffering an Al assistant, camera and a display that lights up n yur hand. The aim is t decrease dependence n a smartphne, s yu can make calls, text, check maps and d all yur phne tasks in an easier way.
TranscribeGlass
A smart pair f glasses with ne single purpse: t recrd yur thughts. Designed fr deaf peple r thse wh are hard f hearing, they use a small micrphne t pick up vices. Whether it’s frm a cnversatin, a vide r a museum tur, the glasses will autmatically recrd vices and display subtitles in frnt f yur eyes. It all happens in real time and, accrding t the cmpany, is highly accurate.
CMF by Nthing Watch Pr
CMF is all abut making ppular tech mre affrdable. The Watch Pr csts an impressively lw £69. Mst cmpetitrs at that price are smewhat limited, but CMF has managed t create smething that lks like the Apple Watch, while ffering a lt f the same features. Sure, it isn’t quite as pwerful, r feature-packed, but fr this price it’s impressive what they’ve managed t cram int it.
1. What is the main purpse f the Humane AI Pin device?
A. T restrict teenagers’ screentime.B. T reduce reliance n smartphnes.
C. T maximize smartphnes’ prtability.D. T enhance smartphnes’ perfrmance.
2. Which device is friendly t the hearing-impaired?
A. TranscribeGlass.B. Humane AI Pin.
C. Opal Tadple webcam.D. CMF by Nthing Watch Pr.
3. What feature d Opal Tadple webcam and CMF by Nthing Watch Pr share?
A. Their unique designs.B. Their affrdable prices.
C. Their limited functins.D. Their high-quality cameras.
B
WHEN KIM JI-UN lived in Seul, she wrried abut finding a gd jb. Nw, she is wrried that drught may ruin her crp. The 23-year-ld started a farm last year. Her first harvest was an unexpected success.
Ms Kim is part f a phenmenn called kwichn, r returning t rural life. The term crps up during perids f ecnmic hardship. This time, in the wake f the pandemic, many new farmers have never lived in the cuntryside befre. The gvernment prmtes the idea as a slutin t the prblem f Suth Kreans migrating t Seul, aiming t regenerate struggling rural regins. By planting yung farmers in rural areas, the gvernment hpes t enjy big rewards in future.
The plan is wrking. In 2021 nearly 380, 000 peple mved t the cuntryside, up 15% frm 2015 and almst half (a recrd high) yunger than 40. Cmfrt with digital technlgy gives yung farmers a leg up, says Ch Kyung-ik, the directr f the Beginning Farmer’s Centre, an institutin educating thse wh wish t kwichn at its dwntwn ffices. They sell fresh prduce n Naver, Suth Krea’s largest search engine.
The centre teaches techniques like hw t use a tractr r select the best crps. It arranges a trial perid during which ambitius farmers wrk under the guidance f an ld hand, learning what it means t d back-breaking labur frm dawn t dusk.
The mst imprtant lessn is hw t get n with the lcals. The villagers are als ffered tips n hw t act twards the newcmers. That part is nt yet a ttal success. Ms Kim says her neighburs have a bad temper. “The ld peple cme in here and give me unwanted advice, r say that I will never be able t grw anything, ” she says. Her black beans beg t differ. She and the Suth Krean gvernment will be hping that her crps put the argument t rest fr gd.
4. Why des the writer tell Ms Kim’s stry?
A. T start an argument.B. T intrduce a trend.
C. T present a challenge.D. T make a cmparisn.
5. What des the underlined “a leg up” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. A new identity.B. A helping hand.
C. A tuching mment.D. A different idea.
6. What is prperly the biggest challenge fr the yung farmers?
A. Learning farming skills.B. Facing criticism nline.
C. Handling invisible verwrk.D. Adapting t lcal cmmunity.
7. What can we infer frm the text abut kwichn?
A. It generates huge prfits.B. It recnnects lcal peple.
C. It helps t revive rural areas.D. It deserves mre financial supprt.
C
Fr mre than 60 years bringing the cst f fd dwn had been ne f the greatest challenge f the 21 century. That cst, hwever, is nt in immediate cash, fr mst fd is nw far cheaper in relative terms than in 1960.
The cst is in the unintended damage f the very methds f fd prductin that have made the fd cheaper: in the pllutin f water, the weakness f sil, the destructin f wildlife, the harm t animal welfare and the threat t human health caused by mdern industrial agriculture.
First mechanisatin, then mass use f chemical fertilisers and pesticides, and nw genetic engineering — mdern industrial farming has seemed unstppable, as the yields f prduce have sared. But it cmes with extensive lss f wildlife and habitat, sil degradatin and fertilizer run-ff.
Put it tgether and it’s like a battlegrund, but cnsumers rarely make the cnnectin at the dinner table. The prblems are called “externalities” by ecnmists because they’re nt part f the main transactin, like grwing and selling wheat. These csts aren’t directly paid by the prducers r cnsumers.
But the csts t sciety can amunt t shcking sums. Accrding t a research by Prfessr Jules Pretty at the University f Essex, repairing the damage caused by intensive farming in ne particular year csts £2, 343m in the UK alne, almst as much as the ttal UK and EU spend n British farming in that year.
Can the true cst f fd be brught dwn? In sme cuntries, mving away frm industrial agriculture t address hunger is difficult. Hwever, in develped cuntries, it’s mre pssible. Gvernments shuld supprt sustainable farming that benefits the envirnment, ecnmy, health, and animal welfare. Instead f immediately switching t rganic farming, Prfessr Pretty suggests adpting a “Greener Fd Standard” which wuld push the market twards mre sustainable envirnmental practices than the current nrm, while nt requiring the full cmmitment t rganic prductin. This standard wuld guide farmers n better practices in farming, prmting a shift twards a mre sustainable agricultural system fr bth prducers and cnsumers.
8. What is the cst assciated with fd prductin?
A. Immediate cash lss.B. Increased agriculture yields.
C Prmtin f rganic farming.D. Impairment t human welfare.
9. Why cnsumers cannt cnnect fd at table with the external csts?
A. The csts are included in the price.B. The csts lie in fd grwing and selling.
C. The csts aren’t directly visible t peple.D. Peple aren’t affected by mdern farming.
10. What may cut the cst f fd based n the text?
A. Giving up clean-up effrts.B. Overlking glbal hunger.
C. Making flexible farming plicies.D. Adpting full rganic appraches.
11. What’s the authr’s attitude twards mdern industrial agriculture?
A. Critical.B. Supprtive.C. Uncncerned.D. Mindless.
D
Mst autnmus vehicles test-driving in cities navigate by using 3-D maps marking every edge f radside with almst centimeter-level accuracy. But few places have been mapped in such detail, which has left mst areas like smaller twns inaccessible t thse driverless cars.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) nw have develped a new navigatin system that guides autnmus vehicles withut such accurate maps. This technlgy can help driverless cars travel almst anywhere.
The navigatin system maps ut a curse dwn unfamiliar rads much as a human driver wuld by cntinually scanning its surrundings, with a laser sensr, t measure hw clse it is t the edges f the rad. Meanwhile, the car als fllws a tl like a smart phne map app that prvides directins t its destinatin, as well as infrmatin abut the rules f the rad, such as speed limits and the psitins f stplights. Teddy Ort, a rbticist at MIT, test-drve a car equipped with this navigatin system n a ne-way rad. It slwly traveled ne kilmeter withut any human assistance.
This system assumes that a car has a clear path dwn the rad, but it can be paired with ther existing cmputing technlgy t discver in-rad bstacles, says Ort. The researchers als plan t build a versin f this system which can spt markings painted n streets, s that the car can drive n tw-way rads. “Self-driving cars with this navigatin system may need ther sensrs t wrk in different cnditins,” says Alexander Wyglinski, an electrical engineer at Wrcester Plytechnic Institute. “Since laser sensrs dn't wrk well in rain r snw, these cars might need additinal imaging technlgies t drive safely in bad weather."
12. What may be a prblem fr mst driverless cars?
A. They fail in test-driving.B. Their maps are ut-dated.
C. They run in limited areas.D. Their guides are unreliable.
13. Hw des the MIT navigatin system wrk?
A. By detecting rad cnditins.B. By including accurate maps.
C. By remving in-rad bstacles.D. By featuring a smart phne app.
14. What is Para. 4 mainly abut cncerning the system?
A. Its further research areas.B. Its testing results.
C. Its ptential in bad weather.D. Its reliance n laser sensrs.
15. What culd be the best title fr the text?
A. Autnmus Cars Beat Human Drivers
B. Self-driving Cars Take ver Remte Areas
C. New Mapping Tech Empwers Driverless Cars
D. Smart Navigatin Imprves Mapping Accuracy
第二节（共5小题，每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips fr Submitting a Gd Letter f Recmmendatin
If yu cnsider applying fr any clleges abrad, ne f the mst imprtant parts is the recmmendatin letter. Its purpse is t give universities a cmplete picture f yu.
___16___
But a credible reference saying yu've cntinuusly wrked hard n a prject can be the difference between getting accepted r rejected.
Chse the right referee（推荐人）
Universities want t knw hw well yu wrk under pressure and hw yu react t criticism, basically yu characteristics, abilities and mentality. A gd referee shuld have a slid prfessinal relatinship with yu and be able t cmmunicate yur academic and persnal strengths. ___17___
Mst universities ask fr tw recmmendatin letters. They are regularly split between a schl prfessr and an extracurricular surce. Undubtedly, it's gd t shw yur skills in the subject yu want t study. ___18___
Time
Prfessinals can smetimes find it hard t make time fr writing recmmendatins. ___19___ S give them plenty f time and send them a link f yur university's recmmendatin letter guidance page, if pssible.
Clear gals
Dn't be afraid t ask yur referees t include certain qualities r examples yu want t highlight. Yu shuld infrm at least ne f yur referees abut yur career gals, grades and recent prjects. They may nt be referenced. But giving referees additinal evidence t back up their pints can make the letter mre cnvincing.
___20___ It's where yu can find what a university lays stress n, as well as sme imprtant infrmatin such as deadlines and s n.
A. Make sure yu cite yur referees' qutes.
B. Yu can write that yu're hard-wrking yurself.
C. They can be quite ccupied during applicatin seasn.
D. The lnger yu letter is, the better it may be.
E. Dn't frget t check each university's guidance n reference letters.
F. Examples f hw yu have demnstrated them are needed t add mre credibility.
G. But ther abilities that may nt be apparent in the classrm can be equally valuable.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。
Overcming my initial struggles in the Netherlands t start my PhD has been like riding a bike.
I ___21___ in a hilly, seaside city in China withut cycle paths, and biking was dangerus fr me. Nw, my Dutch neighbur was telling me I had t ___22___.
It tk me arund a mnth t feel ___23___ cycling. After half a year, I am starting t enjy it. Fr me, a helpful ___24___ fr dealing with Dutch traffic was t make a lt f nise as I rde: lud laughs, “lk ut”, “watch it”, and s n. This ___25___ ther cyclists int keeping away frm me, and prevented the ___26___ that had seemed unavidable when I started.
This pattern f a time f struggle ___27___ by fun, was repeated with ther aspects f my life in Utrecht. There were mre “bikes” that I ___28___ t learn hw t ride. One f them was ___29___ management. In Utrecht, I dn’t see peple wrking ____30____ time. As fr wrking at the weekend, ____31____ it. I initially assumed that nbdy was wrking very hard, because f their shrter ____32____. But after a few mnths, I realized that the ther PhD students were all cmpletely fcused n their wrk during that eight-hur wrking perid, whereas I was taking endless “____33____” when I culd have been fcusing n my studies. Cycling has becme a ____34____ f my grwth, freedm and ____35____ adaptatin t PhD life in the Netherlands. And I have frmed a gd habit f wrking while I wrk and playing while I play.
21. A. went thrughB. wrked utC. grew upD. gt arund
22. A. travelB. decideC. advanceD. learn
23. A. nervusB. anxiusC. sensitiveD. cmfrtable
24. A. trickB. planC. tendencyD. instructin
25. A. cheatedB. persuadedC. guidedD. frightened
26. A. racesB. ruinsC. crashesD. cmpetitins
27. A. fllwedB. presentedC. supprtedD. appreciated
28. A. hesitatedB. neededC. rememberedD. failed
29. A. timeB. financeC. businessD. persnnel
30. A. specialB. regularC. extraD. legal
31. A. cancelB. frgetC. makeD. take
32. A. hursB. vacatinsC. weekdaysD. distances
33. A. exerciseB. respnsibilityC. breaksD. exams
34. A. weaknessB. symblC. cnceptD. remark
35. A. ambitiusB. successfulC. bjectiveD. careless
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese civilizatin is ne f the wrld’s ancient river civilizatins. It riginated thusands f years ___36___ alng the Yellw and Yangtze rivers, clsely linking the culture t water frm its beginning.
Many Chinese legends reflect peple’s admiratin fr water, as well as ___37___ (curage) fight against natural disasters brught by water. Take the tale f Yu, the legendary first ruler f the Xia Dynasty wh is knwn fr his fld-cntrl effrts, ___38___ an example. T cntain widespread flds in nrthern China, legendary Yu ___39___ (clear) the waterways s that the fldwater culd flw int the sea smthly. The Dujiangyan Irrigatin System in Sichuan, first ___40___ (cnstruct) arund 256 BC, tk full advantage f the lcal envirnmental characteristics.
Besides using its pwer, water ___41___ (give) philsphical significance as well. Accrding t the bk Xunzi, Cnfucius ften gazed at water, believing ___42___ had virtues such as righteusness, justice and curage. He nce said that: “He wh is wise lves water; he wh is virtuus lves muntains.” Inspired by water, Lazi gave birth t the idea f “vercming hardness with sftness” ___43___ “nn-actin”. Anther ancient Chinese philspher Xunzi used the cmparisn f a bat and water ___44___ (shw) the significance f the peple in sciety, saying that “water can carry a bat but can als verturn it”.
Water, ____45____ (be) the mst present element in daily life, is a rt metaphr in Chinese culture that flws thrugh Chinese civilizatin.
第四部分 课文知识（共两节，满分25分）
I. 语境填空（根据首字母或者所给词的恰当形式填空；每题1分，共15分）
46. It ________ (estimate) that the prject will last mre than ten years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. She packed a few e ________ (=necessity)and headed fr the cuntryside. (根据首字母单词拼写)
48. The man s ________ f setting fire n the hill was arrested last night. (根据首字母单词拼写)
49. He std up in defence f the ld lady, saying she was nt the ne ________ (blame). (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. The ________ (participate) are required t deliver an English speech in ten minutes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. Cnstant ________ (expse) t diverse cultures will benefit yungsters. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. The United Kingdm, ________ (cnsist) f fur cuntries, England, Wales, Sctland and Nrthern Ireland, enjys a very lng histry. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. It is quality instead f q ________ that defines a brand. (根据首字母单词拼写)
54. Studying abrad s ________ (= bst) ne’s abilities in crss-cultural cmmunicatin. (根据首字母单词拼写)
55. It is the first time that Xie Lei ________ (step) ut f her cmfrt zne and adapted t a new culture. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. We wrked hard in rder t live up t ur parents’ ________. (expect) (所给词的适当形式填空)
57. P ________ t cming t China, my nly experience with Chinese cking was in America. (根据首字母单词拼写)
58. I need t learn hw t behave in new s ________ (=envirnment). (根据首字母单词拼写)
59. VIP members can have access t the curses tailred fr persnal needs r ________ f time and space. (根据首字母单词拼写)
60. Yu’re a liar--yur behaviur is nt c ________ with what yu say. (根据首字母单词拼写)
II．根据课文内容填空（每题2分，共10分）
注意：每空一词，与课文内容一致。
61. What we can say, hwever, is that culture and cuisine ________ ________ ________ ________, and if yu d nt experience ne, yu can never really knw the ther. (根据句意填空)
62. The French authr Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin nce wrte, “Tell me what yu eat, and I will tell yu what yu are.” ________ ________ ________, this means “Yu are what yu eat.” (根据句意填空)
63. Certainly, in many ways this seems t be true. Chinese cuisine is ________ ________ ________ ________.(根据句意填空)
64. Fr example, America’s mst ppular Chinese dish is General Ts’s chicken, which cnsists f fried chicken cvered in a sweet sauce, ________ ________ ht red peppers. (根据句意填空)
65. Tired, hungry, and ________ ________ ________ ________ f Chinese, we had n idea hw t rder, s the chef just began filling ur table with the best fd we had ever eaten. (根据句意填空)
第五部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tm发来邮件，提到他对中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家，内容包括：
1科学家介绍；
2.对你的影响。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tm,
I’m glad that yu shw admiratin fr Chinese scientific achievement.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
福州一中2023—2024学年第二学期第一学段模块考试
高二 英语学科选择性必修二模块试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When did the man visit the Natinal Park?
A. Last September. B. Last December. C. This July.
2 What des the wman think f Olivia?
A. She is quiet. B. She is sciable. C. She is talkative.
3. What will the man d this Tuesday?
A. Attend an interview. B. Meet his dctr. C. Deliver a speech.
4. Why did the man chse the cttage?
A. Its view. B. Its cmfrt. C. Its facilities.
5. Where did the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At the airprt. B. In the ffice. C. At the htel.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man's attitude twards his jb?
A. He is tired. B. He is disappinted. C. He is enthusiastic.
7 Hw ld is the man?
A. 25. B. 40. C. 65.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What des the wman suggest buying?
A. A purple blue dress. B. A pale pink lamp. C. Pale blue scented candles.
9. Wh are the speakers?
A. Amber's neighbrs.
B. Amber's sister and brther.
C. Amber's parents.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. Where des the cnversatin prbably happen?
A. At the railway statin.
B. In Zhuzheng Garden.
C. At the Garden Museum.
11. Which is a must see accrding t the wmen?
A. Gusu District. B. Zhuzheng Garden. C. Garden Museum.
12. Which garden will the man skip this time?
A. Tuisi Garden. B. Liuyuan Garden. C. Zhuzheng Garden.
13. Why is Suzhu Museum wrth visiting?
A. It ffers free exhibitins.
B. It is clse t Tuisi Garden.
C. It huses rich cultural relics.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Chsing the suitable bks.
B. Managing the reading wrklad.
C. Chsing the right pen fr marking.
15. What des the man use t mark new vcabulary?
A. Orange clr. B. Blue clr. C. Yellw clr.
16. Which is the man's tip fr marking?
A. Marking befre examinatins.
B. Marking as much as pssible.
C. Marking after reading the entire paragraph.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the fcus fr the 2024-2025 SLP prgram?
A. Academic achievements.
B. Envirnmental prtectin.
C. The develpment f leadership.
18. Which sessin f the prgram is t be run n the US campus?
A. Pre-summer prgram.
B. Summer prgram.
C. Pst-summer prgram.
19. What shuld the students d after the summer prgram?
A. Create a fllw-up prgram.
B. Cmplete academic cursewrk.
C. Cnduct their cmmunity engagement plans.
20. Wh is mst likely t be admitted int the SLP?
A. An exchange student in America.
B. A 30-year-ld PE teacher in China.
C. A student wh hasn't been t America.
第二部分 阅读（共两节 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ideas we like...
Our pick f the mnth’s smartest tech
Opal Tadple webcam
Marketed as the wrld’s first prtable webcam, the Opal Tadple is tiny and surprisingly affrdable. Despite its small size, the camera features a directinal mic that blcks surrunding nise, and ffers an unexpectedly high-quality 4K camera. It can be clipped n tp f any laptp and taken anywhere.
Humane AI Pin
This device will seem familiar t any keen-eyed readers. Currently, it’s hard t tell if this is revlutinary r just a trend that wn’t last the year. The Humane AI Pin is a device t replace yur smartphne, ffering an Al assistant, camera and a display that lights up n yur hand. The aim is t decrease dependence n a smartphne, s yu can make calls, text, check maps and d all yur phne tasks in an easier way.
TranscribeGlass
A smart pair f glasses with ne single purpse: t recrd yur thughts. Designed fr deaf peple r thse wh are hard f hearing, they use a small micrphne t pick up vices. Whether it’s frm a cnversatin, a vide r a museum tur, the glasses will autmatically recrd vices and display subtitles in frnt f yur eyes. It all happens in real time and, accrding t the cmpany, is highly accurate.
CMF by Nthing Watch Pr
CMF is all abut making ppular tech mre affrdable. The Watch Pr csts an impressively lw £69. Mst cmpetitrs at that price are smewhat limited, but CMF has managed t create smething that lks like the Apple Watch, while ffering a lt f the same features. Sure, it isn’t quite as pwerful, r feature-packed, but fr this price it’s impressive what they’ve managed t cram int it.
1. What is the main purpse f the Humane AI Pin device?
A. T restrict teenagers’ screentime.B. T reduce reliance n smartphnes.
C. T maximize smartphnes’ prtability.D. T enhance smartphnes’ perfrmance.
2. Which device is friendly t the hearing-impaired?
A. TranscribeGlass.B. Humane AI Pin.
C. Opal Tadple webcam.D. CMF by Nthing Watch Pr.
3. What feature d Opal Tadple webcam and CMF by Nthing Watch Pr share?
A. Their unique designs.B. Their affrdable prices.
C. Their limited functins.D. Their high-quality cameras.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。这篇文章介绍了本月最智能的四项技术产品。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Humane AI Pin部分中“The Humane AI Pin is a device t replace yur smartphne, ffering an Al assistant, camera and a display that lights up n yur hand. The aim is t decrease dependence n a smartphne, s yu can make calls, text, check maps and d all yur phne tasks in an easier way.(这款名为“人性化AI Pin”的设备可以取代你的智能手机，它拥有一个人工智能助手、摄像头和一个会在你手上发光的显示屏。其目的是减少对智能手机的依赖，这样你就可以更轻松地打电话、发短信、查看地图和完成所有手机任务。)”可知，Humane AI Pin的目的是减少对智能手机的依赖，这样你就可以更轻松地打电话、发短信、查看地图和完成所有手机任务。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据TranscribeGlass部分中“Designed fr deaf peple r thse wh are hard f hearing, they use a small micrphne t pick up vices.(这种耳机是为聋哑人或有听力障碍的人设计的，它使用一个小麦克风来收集声音。)”可知，TranscribeGlass适合于听障人士。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Opal Tadple webcam部分中“Marketed as the wrld’s first prtable webcam, the Opal Tadple is tiny and surprisingly affrdable. (作为世界上第一款便携式网络摄像头，猫眼石蝌蚪小而实惠。)”以及CMF by Nthing Watch Pr部分中“CMF is all abut making ppular tech mre affrdable. The Watch Pr csts an impressively lw £69. (CMF的宗旨是让流行科技变得更便宜。Watch Pr的售价低得令人印象深刻，只有69英镑。)”可知，二者共通之处是有着可负担得起的价格。故选B。
B
WHEN KIM JI-UN lived in Seul, she wrried abut finding a gd jb. Nw, she is wrried that drught may ruin her crp. The 23-year-ld started a farm last year. Her first harvest was an unexpected success.
Ms Kim is part f a phenmenn called kwichn, r returning t rural life. The term crps up during perids f ecnmic hardship. This time, in the wake f the pandemic, many new farmers have never lived in the cuntryside befre. The gvernment prmtes the idea as a slutin t the prblem f Suth Kreans migrating t Seul, aiming t regenerate struggling rural regins. By planting yung farmers in rural areas, the gvernment hpes t enjy big rewards in future.
The plan is wrking. In 2021 nearly 380, 000 peple mved t the cuntryside, up 15% frm 2015 and almst half (a recrd high) yunger than 40. Cmfrt with digital technlgy gives yung farmers a leg up, says Ch Kyung-ik, the directr f the Beginning Farmer’s Centre, an institutin educating thse wh wish t kwichn at its dwntwn ffices. They sell fresh prduce n Naver, Suth Krea’s largest search engine.
The centre teaches techniques like hw t use a tractr r select the best crps. It arranges a trial perid during which ambitius farmers wrk under the guidance f an ld hand, learning what it means t d back-breaking labur frm dawn t dusk.
The mst imprtant lessn is hw t get n with the lcals. The villagers are als ffered tips n hw t act twards the newcmers. That part is nt yet a ttal success. Ms Kim says her neighburs have a bad temper. “The ld peple cme in here and give me unwanted advice, r say that I will never be able t grw anything, ” she says. Her black beans beg t differ. She and the Suth Krean gvernment will be hping that her crps put the argument t rest fr gd.
4. Why des the writer tell Ms Kim’s stry?
A. T start an argument.B. T intrduce a trend.
C. T present a challenge.D. T make a cmparisn.
5. What des the underlined “a leg up” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. A new identity.B. A helping hand.
C. A tuching mment.D. A different idea.
6. What is prperly the biggest challenge fr the yung farmers?
A. Learning farming skills.B. Facing criticism nline.
C. Handling invisible verwrk.D. Adapting t lcal cmmunity.
7. What can we infer frm the text abut kwichn?
A. It generates huge prfits.B. It recnnects lcal peple.
C. It helps t revive rural areas.D. It deserves mre financial supprt.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了首尔疫情过后一种“回归农村生活”趋势。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“WHEN KIM JI-UN lived in Seul, she wrried abut finding a gd jb. Nw, she is wrried that drught may ruin her crp. (KIM JI-UN住在首尔时，她担心找不到一份好工作。现在，她担心干旱会毁掉她的庄稼。)”和第二段中“Ms Kim is part f a phenmenn called kwichn, r returning t rural life. (Kim女士是一种被称为kwichn（回归农村生活）的现象的一部分。)”可知，作者讲述金女士的故事是为了介绍一种“回归农村生活”趋势。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句后文“They sell fresh prduce n Naver, Suth Krea’s largest search engine. (他们在韩国最大的搜索引擎Naver上销售新鲜农产品。)”说明年轻农民可以在数字技术的帮助下销售农产品，从而推知划线词句“Cmfrt with digital technlgy gives yung farmers a leg up, says Ch Kyung-ik, the directr f the Beginning Farmer’s Centre, an institutin educating thse wh wish t kwichn at its dwntwn ffices. (Beginning Farmer’s Centre的负责人Ch Kyung-ik说，数字技术的普及给了年轻农民a leg up，这是一家教育那些希望在市中心办公室从事创业的人的机构。)”中划线部分意思是“援助之手”。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The mst imprtant lessn is hw t get n with the lcals. The villagers are als ffered tips n hw t act twards the newcmers. That part is nt yet a ttal success. (最重要的一课是如何与当地人相处。村民们还得到了如何对待新来者的建议。这部分还没有完全成功。)”可知，对年轻农民来说，最大的挑战是适应当地社区。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The gvernment prmtes the idea as a slutin t the prblem f Suth Kreans migrating t Seul, aiming t regenerate struggling rural regins. By planting yung farmers in rural areas, the gvernment hpes t enjy big rewards in future. (政府宣传这一想法是为了解决韩国人向首尔迁移的问题，旨在振兴陷入困境的农村地区。通过在农村地区培养年轻农民，政府希望在未来获得巨大的回报。)”可知，kwichn有助于振兴农村地区。故选C项。
C
Fr mre than 60 years bringing the cst f fd dwn had been ne f the greatest challenge f the 21 century. That cst, hwever, is nt in immediate cash, fr mst fd is nw far cheaper in relative terms than in 1960.
The cst is in the unintended damage f the very methds f fd prductin that have made the fd cheaper: in the pllutin f water, the weakness f sil, the destructin f wildlife, the harm t animal welfare and the threat t human health caused by mdern industrial agriculture.
First mechanisatin then mass use f chemical fertilisers and pesticides, and nw genetic engineering — mdern industrial farming has seemed unstppable, as the yields f prduce have sared. But it cmes with extensive lss f wildlife and habitat, sil degradatin and fertilizer run-ff.
Put it tgether and it’s like a battlegrund, but cnsumers rarely make the cnnectin at the dinner table. The prblems are called “externalities” by ecnmists because they’re nt part f the main transactin, like grwing and selling wheat. These csts aren’t directly paid by the prducers r cnsumers.
But the csts t sciety can amunt t shcking sums. Accrding t a research by Prfessr Jules Pretty at the University f Essex, repairing the damage caused by intensive farming in ne particular year csts £2, 343m in the UK alne, almst as much as the ttal UK and EU spend n British farming in that year.
Can the true cst f fd be brught dwn? In sme cuntries, mving away frm industrial agriculture t address hunger is difficult. Hwever, in develped cuntries, it’s mre pssible. Gvernments shuld supprt sustainable farming that benefits the envirnment, ecnmy, health, and animal welfare. Instead f immediately switching t rganic farming, Prfessr Pretty suggests adpting a “Greener Fd Standard” which wuld push the market twards mre sustainable envirnmental practices than the current nrm, while nt requiring the full cmmitment t rganic prductin. This standard wuld guide farmers n better practices in farming, prmting a shift twards a mre sustainable agricultural system fr bth prducers and cnsumers.
8. What is the cst assciated with fd prductin?
A. Immediate cash lss.B. Increased agriculture yields.
C. Prmtin f rganic farming.D. Impairment t human welfare.
9. Why cnsumers cannt cnnect fd at table with the external csts?
A. The csts are included in the price.B. The csts lie in fd grwing and selling.
C. The csts aren’t directly visible t peple.D. Peple aren’t affected by mdern farming.
10. What may cut the cst f fd based n the text?
A. Giving up clean-up effrts.B. Overlking glbal hunger.
C. Making flexible farming plicies.D. Adpting full rganic appraches.
11. What’s the authr’s attitude twards mdern industrial agriculture?
A. Critical.B. Supprtive.C. Uncncerned.D. Mindless.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了现代工业农业对环境的负面影响以及可持续农业的重要性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The cst is in the unintended damage f the very methds f fd prductin that have made the fd cheaper: in the pllutin f water, the weakness f sil, the destructin f wildlife, the harm t animal welfare and the threat t human health caused by mdern industrial agriculture.(代价是使食物更便宜的食品生产方法所造成的意想不到的损害：水的污染、土壤的脆弱、野生动物的破坏、对动物福利的伤害以及现代工业化农业对人类健康的威胁)”可知，食品生产相关的代价是造成水的污染、土壤的脆弱、野生动物的破坏、对动物福利的伤害以及现代工业化农业对人类健康的威胁， 总之，损害了人类的福利。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Put it tgether and it’s like a battlegrund, but cnsumers rarely make the cnnectin at the dinner table. The prblems are called “externalities” by ecnmists because they’re nt part f the main transactin, like grwing and selling wheat. These csts aren’t directly paid by the prducers r cnsumers.(把它们放在一起，就像一个战场，但消费者很少在餐桌上建立联系。这些问题被经济学家称为“外部性”，因为它们不属于主要交易的一部分，比如种植和销售小麦。这些成本不是由生产者或消费者直接支付的)”可知，消费者不能将餐桌上的食物与外部成本联系起来是因为这些成本不是由生产者或消费者直接支付的，人们无法直接看到这些成本。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Can the true cst f fd be brught dwn?(食品的真实价格能降下来吗?)”和“Hwever, in develped cuntries, it’s mre pssible. Gvernments shuld supprt sustainable farming that benefits the envirnment, ecnmy, health, and animal welfare. Instead f immediately switching t rganic farming, Prfessr Pretty suggests adpting a “Greener Fd Standard” which wuld push the market twards mre sustainable envirnmental practices than the current nrm, while nt requiring the full cmmitment t rganic prductin. This standard wuld guide farmers n better practices in farming, prmting a shift twards a mre sustainable agricultural system fr bth prducers and cnsumers.(然而，在发达国家，这种可能性更大。政府应该支持有利于环境、经济、健康和动物福利的可持续农业。Pretty教授建议采用“绿色食品标准”，而不是立即转向有机农业，这将推动市场走向比目前规范更可持续的环境实践，同时不要求完全致力于有机生产。这一标准将指导农民采取更好的农业实践，促进生产者和消费者向更可持续的农业体系转变)”可知，作者认为在发达国家，可以通过支持有利于环境、经济、健康和动物福利的可持续农业，采用“绿色食品标准”来代替完全致力于有机生产等方式来促进促进生产者和消费者向更可持续的农业体系转变。由些推知，制定灵活的农业政策可能真正降低食物的成本。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The cst is in the unintended damage f the very methds f fd prductin that have made the fd cheaper: in the pllutin f water, the weakness f sil, the destructin f wildlife, the harm t animal welfare and the threat t human health caused by mdern industrial agriculture.(代价是使食物更便宜的食品生产方法所造成的意想不到的损害：水的污染、土壤的脆弱、野生动物的破坏、对动物福利的伤害以及现代工业化农业对人类健康的威胁)”和第三段中“First mechanisatin, then mass use f chemical fertilisers and pesticides, and nw genetic engineering — mdern industrial farming has seemed unstppable, as the yields f prduce have sared. But it cmes with extensive lss f wildlife and habitat, sil degradatin and fertilizer run-ff.(首先是机械化，然后是化肥和杀虫剂的大规模使用，现在是基因工程——随着农产品产量的飙升，现代工业化农业似乎势不可挡。但随之而来的是野生动物和栖息地的大量丧失、土壤退化和肥料流失)”可知，作者认为现代工业化农业带来意想不到的损害，给人类的福祉造成危害。由此推知，作者对现代工业化农业持批判态度。故选A项。
D
Mst autnmus vehicles test-driving in cities navigate by using 3-D maps marking every edge f radside with almst centimeter-level accuracy. But few places have been mapped in such detail, which has left mst areas like smaller twns inaccessible t thse driverless cars.
Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) nw have develped a new navigatin system that guides autnmus vehicles withut such accurate maps. This technlgy can help driverless cars travel almst anywhere.
The navigatin system maps ut a curse dwn unfamiliar rads much as a human driver wuld by cntinually scanning its surrundings, with a laser sensr, t measure hw clse it is t the edges f the rad. Meanwhile, the car als fllws a tl like a smart phne map app that prvides directins t its destinatin, as well as infrmatin abut the rules f the rad, such as speed limits and the psitins f stplights. Teddy Ort, a rbticist at MIT, test-drve a car equipped with this navigatin system n a ne-way rad. It slwly traveled ne kilmeter withut any human assistance.
This system assumes that a car has a clear path dwn the rad, but it can be paired with ther existing cmputing technlgy t discver in-rad bstacles, says Ort. The researchers als plan t build a versin f this system which can spt markings painted n streets, s that the car can drive n tw-way rads. “Self-driving cars with this navigatin system may need ther sensrs t wrk in different cnditins,” says Alexander Wyglinski, an electrical engineer at Wrcester Plytechnic Institute. “Since laser sensrs dn't wrk well in rain r snw, these cars might need additinal imaging technlgies t drive safely in bad weather."
12. What may be a prblem fr mst driverless cars?
A. They fail in test-driving.B. Their maps are ut-dated.
C. They run in limited areas.D. Their guides are unreliable.
13. Hw des the MIT navigatin system wrk?
A. By detecting rad cnditins.B. By including accurate maps.
C. By remving in-rad bstacles.D. By featuring a smart phne app.
14. What is Para. 4 mainly abut cncerning the system?
A. Its further research areas.B. Its testing results.
C. Its ptential in bad weather.D. Its reliance n laser sensrs.
15. What culd be the best title fr the text?
A. Autnmus Cars Beat Human Drivers
B. Self-driving Cars Take ver Remte Areas
C. New Mapping Tech Empwers Driverless Cars
D. Smart Navigatin Imprves Mapping Accuracy
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。麻省理工学院(MIT)的研究人员现在已经开发出一种新的导航系统，可以在没有精确地图的情况下引导自动驾驶汽车。这项技术可以帮助无人驾驶汽车几乎在任何地方行驶。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Mst autnmus vehicles test-driving in cities navigate by using 3-D maps marking every edge f radside with almst centimeter-level accuracy. But few places have been mapped in such detail, which has left mst areas like smaller twns inaccessible t thse driverless cars.”（大多数在城市中测试的自动驾驶汽车都是通过3D地图来导航的，3D地图的精度几乎达到厘米级。但很少有地方被绘制得如此详细，这使得无人驾驶汽车无法进入像小城镇这样的大部分地区。）可知，大多数无人驾驶汽车面临的问题是它们只能在有限的区域内行驶。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The navigatin system maps ut a curse dwn unfamiliar rads much as a human driver wuld by cntinually scanning its surrundings, with a laser sensr, t measure hw clse it is t the edges f the rad.”（导航系统在不熟悉的道路上绘制路线，就像人类司机一样，用激光传感器不断地扫描周围的环境，以测量它与道路边缘的距离。）可知MIT导航系统通过是通过探测道路来工作的。故选A项。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“The researchers als plan t build a versin f this system which can spt markings painted n streets, s that the car can drive n tw-way rads.”（研究人员还计划建立一个版本的系统，可以识别街道上的标记，这样汽车就可以在双向道路上行驶。）以及最后一句“Since laser sensrs dn’t wrk well in rain r snw, these cars might need additinal imaging technlgies t drive safely in bad weather. ”（“由于激光传感器在雨雪天气中不能很好地工作，这些汽车可能需要额外的成像技术才能在恶劣天气下安全地行驶。”）可知第四段探讨了该系统的进一步研究领域。故选A项。
15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) nw have develped a new navigatin system that guides autnmus vehicles withut such accurate maps. This technlgy can help driverless cars travel almst anywhere.”（麻省理工学院(MIT)的研究人员现在已经开发出一种新的导航系统，可以在没有这种精确地图的情况下为自动驾驶汽车导航。这项技术可以帮助无人驾驶汽车在几乎任何地方行驶。）所以短文的标题为“智能导航提高地图精度”。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips fr Submitting a Gd Letter f Recmmendatin
If yu cnsider applying fr any clleges abrad, ne f the mst imprtant parts is the recmmendatin letter. Its purpse is t give universities a cmplete picture f yu.
___16___
But a credible reference saying yu've cntinuusly wrked hard n a prject can be the difference between getting accepted r rejected.
Chse the right referee（推荐人）
Universities want t knw hw well yu wrk under pressure and hw yu react t criticism, basically yu characteristics, abilities and mentality. A gd referee shuld have a slid prfessinal relatinship with yu and be able t cmmunicate yur academic and persnal strengths. ___17___
Mst universities ask fr tw recmmendatin letters. They are regularly split between a schl prfessr and an extracurricular surce. Undubtedly, it's gd t shw yur skills in the subject yu want t study. ___18___
Time
Prfessinals can smetimes find it hard t make time fr writing recmmendatins. ___19___ S give them plenty f time and send them a link f yur university's recmmendatin letter guidance page, if pssible.
Clear gals
Dn't be afraid t ask yur referees t include certain qualities r examples yu want t highlight. Yu shuld infrm at least ne f yur referees abut yur career gals, grades and recent prjects. They may nt be referenced. But giving referees additinal evidence t back up their pints can make the letter mre cnvincing.
___20___ It's where yu can find what a university lays stress n, as well as sme imprtant infrmatin such as deadlines and s n.
A. Make sure yu cite yur referees' qutes.
B. Yu can write that yu're hard-wrking yurself.
C They can be quite ccupied during applicatin seasn.
D. The lnger yu letter is, the better it may be.
E. Dn't frget t check each university's guidance n reference letters.
F. Examples f hw yu have demnstrated them are needed t add mre credibility.
G. But ther abilities that may nt be apparent in the classrm can be equally valuable.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. G 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提交好的推荐信的一些技巧。
【16题详解】
下文“But a credible (可信的) reference saying yu’ve cnsistently wrked hard n a prject can be the difference between getting accepted r rejected. (但是一份可信的推荐信表明你一直在努力完成一个项目可能是被接受或被拒绝的关键)”转折的语义说明一份表明你一直在努力完成一个项目的推荐信是关键，选项B“你可以写你自己也很努力。”说明你可以在推荐信中写自己很努力。选项中hard-wrking和下文中wrked hard语义相关，上下文通顺合理。故选B项。
【17题详解】
上文“A gd referee (推荐人) shuld have a slid prfessinal relatinship with yu and be able t cmmunicate yur academic and persnal strengths. (一个好的推荐人应该与你建立稳固的专业关系，能够与你交流你的学术和个人优势)”说明一个好的推荐人应该能够与你交流你的学术和个人优势，选项F“举例说明你是如何证明它们的，这可以增加你的可信度。”承接上文，建议举例说明如何能证明自己的优势，以增加可信度。选项中them代指上文中yur academic and persnal strengths，语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选F项。
【18题详解】
上文“Undubtedly, it’s gd t shw yur skills in the subject yu want t study.( 毫无疑问，这是很好的展示你在你想学习的学科方面的技能)”说明推荐信能够很好的展示你的学科学习技能，选项G“但是其他可能在课堂上不明显的能力也同样有价值。”转折语义，说明其他能力也有价值。选项中ther abilities和上文中skills in the subject相互对应，语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选G项。
【19题详解】
上文“Prfessinals can smetimes find it hard t make time fr writing recmmendatins.(专业人士有时会发现很难腾出时间来写推荐信)”说明专业人士时间很紧，选项C“在申请季节，他们可能会很忙。”承接上文，说明专业人士很忙，引出下文“S give them plenty f time and send them a link f yur university's recmmendatin letter guidance page, if pssible.(所以，给他们足够的时间，如果可能的话，给他们发一个你学校推荐信指导页面的链接。)”和上文选项形成因果关系，结合原因，给出建议。选项中be quite ccupied和上文中hard t make time以及下文中give them plenty f time语义相关，逻辑合理。故选C项。
【20题详解】
下文“It's where yu can find what a university lays stress n, as well as sme imprtant infrmatin such as deadlines and s n.(在这里你可以找到大学所强调的内容，以及一些重要的信息，如截止日期等)”说明有个地方可以找到大学所强调的内容等重要信息，选项E“不要忘记查看每一所大学的推荐信指南。”建议中提到的推荐信指南，正是下文所涉及到的能找到重要信息的地方。下文中where和选项中guidelines fr reference letters相关联，语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。
Overcming my initial struggles in the Netherlands t start my PhD has been like riding a bike.
I ___21___ in a hilly, seaside city in China withut cycle paths, and biking was dangerus fr me. Nw, my Dutch neighbur was telling me I had t ___22___.
It tk me arund a mnth t feel ___23___ cycling. After half a year, I am starting t enjy it. Fr me, a helpful ___24___ fr dealing with Dutch traffic was t make a lt f nise as I rde: lud laughs, “lk ut”, “watch it”, and s n. This ___25___ ther cyclists int keeping away frm me, and prevented the ___26___ that had seemed unavidable when I started.
This pattern, f a time f struggle ___27___ by fun, was repeated with ther aspects f my life in Utrecht. There were mre “bikes” that I ___28___ t learn hw t ride. One f them was ___29___ management. In Utrecht, I dn’t see peple wrking ____30____ time. As fr wrking at the weekend, ____31____ it. I initially assumed that nbdy was wrking very hard, because f their shrter ____32____. But after a few mnths, I realized that the ther PhD students were all cmpletely fcused n their wrk during that eight-hur wrking perid, whereas I was taking endless “____33____” when I culd have been fcusing n my studies. Cycling has becme a ____34____ f my grwth, freedm and ____35____ adaptatin t PhD life in the Netherlands. And I have frmed a gd habit f wrking while I wrk and playing while I play.
21. A. went thrughB. wrked utC. grew upD. gt arund
22. A. travelB. decideC. advanceD. learn
23. A. nervusB. anxiusC. sensitiveD. cmfrtable
24. A. trickB. planC. tendencyD. instructin
25. A. cheatedB. persuadedC. guidedD. frightened
26. A. racesB. ruinsC. crashesD. cmpetitins
27. A. fllwedB. presentedC. supprtedD. appreciated
28. A. hesitatedB. neededC. rememberedD. failed
29. A. timeB. financeC. businessD. persnnel
30. A. specialB. regularC. extraD. legal
31. A. cancelB. frgetC. makeD. take
32. A. hursB. vacatinsC. weekdaysD. distances
33. A. exerciseB. respnsibilityC. breaksD. exams
34. A. weaknessB. symblC. cnceptD. remark
35. A. ambitiusB. successfulC. bjectiveD. careless
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在荷兰开始博士生活时面临挑战，通过学习骑自行车和时间管理，逐渐适应了新环境，形成了工作专注、生活平衡的好习惯。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在中国一个没有自行车道的多山海滨城市长大，对我来说骑自行车是危险的。A. went thrugh经历；B. wrked ut解出；C. grew up成长；D. gt arund在周围。根据下文“in a hilly, seaside city in China”可知，作者是在一个沿海城市长大的，故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我的荷兰邻居告诉我我必须学会骑自行车。A. travel旅行；B. decide决定；C. advance推进；D. learn学习。根据上文“biking was dangerus fr me”可知，作者之前不会骑自行车，现在需要开始学习，故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了大约一个月的时间才对骑自行车感到舒适。A. nervus紧张的；B. anxius焦虑的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. cmfrtable舒适的。根据上文“It tk me arund a mnth”可知，作者从最初的不适应到后来的适应花了一个月的时间，故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，处理荷兰交通的一个有用的技巧是骑车时制造很多噪音。A. trick技巧；B. plan计划；C. tendency倾向；D. instructin指示。根据下文“t make a lt f nise as I rde”可知，作者提到了一种应对荷兰交通的方法，那就是一边骑车一边发出很多声音，这算是一种技巧，故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使得其他骑车的人远离我，并且避免了一开始看起来不可避免的碰撞。A. cheated欺骗；B. persuaded说服；C. guided引导；D. frightened吓唬。根据下文“int keeping away frm me”可知，作者发出的这些噪音会吓走了其他骑自行车的人，也就是提前警告其他骑自行车的人，故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. races比赛；B. ruins毁灭；C. crashes碰撞；D. cmpetitins竞争。根据上文“int keeping away frm me”可知，作者发出声音让路上的行人避让，这是在避免发生碰撞，故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种挣扎之后是乐趣的模式，在乌特勒支我生活的其他方面也重复出现了。A. fllwed跟随；B. presented呈现；C. supprted支持；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“by fun”可知，经历了一段艰难的时期，之后是快乐的时间，fllwed by符合语境，故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有更多的“自行车”我需要学会如何“骑”。A. hesitated犹豫；B. needed需要；C. remembered记得；D. failed失败。根据下文“ne f them was time management”可知，作者需要学习新的技能，其中之一是时间管理技能，作者把学习新技能比做是学习骑自行车，他需要学会这些技能，故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中之一是时间管理。A. time时间；B. finance财务；C. business商业；D. persnnel人事。根据下文“I dn’t see peple wrking extra time”可知，作者提到这里的人们不会加班，也就是人们的时间管理做的很好，故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在乌特勒支，我没有看到人们在规定时间之外工作。A. special特别的；B. regular定期的；C. extra额外的；D. legal合法的。根据上文“time management”可知，这里的人们时间管理技能非常好，所以他们不需要额外加班，故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：至于在周末工作，他们忽略了它。A. cancel取消；B. frget忘记；C. make做；D. take拿。根据上文“I dn’t see peple wrking extra time”可知，这里的人们平时都不会加班，周末加班更是不可能，frget it的意思是便是“不要想”，符合语境，故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初以为没有人工作得很努力，因为他们的工作时间更短。A. hurs小时；B. vacatins假期；C. weekdays工作日；D. distances距离。根据第10小题和第11小题可知，荷兰人平时也不加班，至于周末就更不会加班了，所以他们的工作时间较短，故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是几个月后，我意识到其他博士生在那个八小时工作期间完全专注于他们的工作，而我却不停地“休息”，当我本可以专注于我的学习的时候。A. exercise锻炼；B. respnsibility责任；C. breaks休息；D. exams考试。根据下文“culd have been fcusing n my studies”可知，作者本来可以完全关注自己的学业，但他却时不时的中途“休息”，也就是工作期间的中断，故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车已经成为我在荷兰博士生活中的成长、自由和成功适应能力的一个象征。A. weakness弱点；B. symbl象征；C. cncept概念；D. remark评论。根据下文“f my grwth, freedm”可知，骑自行车是作者生活中一个积极的变化，也就是一种象征，故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车已经成为我在荷兰博士生活中的成长、自由和成功适应能力的一个象征。A. ambitius雄心壮志的；B. successful成功的；C. bjective客观的；D. careless粗心的。根据下文“I have frmed a gd habit f wrking”可知，作者形成了一个积极的工作和休息的习惯，这说明他成功地适应了当地的生活，故选B项。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese civilizatin is ne f the wrld’s ancient river civilizatins. It riginated thusands f years ___36___ alng the Yellw and Yangtze rivers, clsely linking the culture t water frm its beginning.
Many Chinese legends reflect peple’s admiratin fr water, as well as ___37___ (curage) fight against natural disasters brught by water. Take the tale f Yu, the legendary first ruler f the Xia Dynasty wh is knwn fr his fld-cntrl effrts, ___38___ an example. T cntain widespread flds in nrthern China, legendary Yu ___39___ (clear) the waterways s that the fldwater culd flw int the sea smthly. The Dujiangyan Irrigatin System in Sichuan, first ___40___ (cnstruct) arund 256 BC, tk full advantage f the lcal envirnmental characteristics.
Besides using its pwer, water ___41___ (give) philsphical significance as well. Accrding t the bk Xunzi, Cnfucius ften gazed at water, believing ___42___ had virtues such as righteusness, justice and curage. He nce said that: “He wh is wise lves water; he wh is virtuus lves muntains.” Inspired by water, Lazi gave birth t the idea f “vercming hardness with sftness” ___43___ “nn-actin”. Anther ancient Chinese philspher Xunzi used the cmparisn f a bat and water ___44___ (shw) the significance f the peple in sciety, saying that “water can carry a bat but can als verturn it”.
Water, ____45____ (be) the mst present element in daily life, is a rt metaphr in Chinese culture that flws thrugh Chinese civilizatin.
【答案】36. ag
37. curageus
38. as 39. cleared
40. cnstructed
41. is given
42. it 43. and
44. t shw
45. being
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中华文明与水文化的紧密联系。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：它起源于几千年前的黄河和长江沿岸，从一开始就把文化与水紧密地联系在一起。根据句意，表示“以前”，用副词ag作状语；thusands f years ag“几千年前”。故填ag。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：许多中国传说反映了人们对水的崇拜，以及与水带来的自然灾害的勇敢斗争。提示词修饰名词fight，用形容词curageus作定语，意为“勇敢的”。故填curageus。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语和介词。句意：以夏朝的第一位传奇统治者禹的故事为例，他以控制洪水而闻名。 an example是固定短语，意为“以……为例”。故填as。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：为了控制中国北方广泛的洪水，传说中的禹清理了水道，使洪水能够顺利流入大海。分析句子可知，clear(清理)是句中谓语动词，与主语Yu(禹)之间是主动关系，讲述过去的传说，应使用一般过去时态。故填cleared。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：四川都江堰灌溉系统建于公元前256年左右，充分利用了当地的环境特点。“first (cnstruct) arund 256 BC”作后置定语，cnstruct(建造，修建)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The Dujiangyan Irrigatin System之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填cnstructed。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：除了利用它的力量，水也被赋予了哲学意义。分析句子可知，give(赋予)是句中谓语动词，与主语water之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是不可数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填is given。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：据《荀子》记载，孔子常望水，认为水有正直、公平、勇气等美德。根据句意，指代上文中water，用指示代词it作宾语。故填it。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：老子受水的启发，产生了“以柔克刚”和“无为”的思想。“vercming hardness with sftness”和“nn-actin”是老子的思想，是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：另一位中国古代哲学家荀子用船和水的比较来说明人在社会中的重要性，他说“水能载舟，也能覆舟”。 d...是固定搭配，意为“用……来做……”，用不定式作目的状语。故填t shw。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：水，作为日常生活中最常见的元素，是贯穿中华文明的中华文化的根喻。“(be) the mst present element in daily life”作伴随状语，be(是)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Water之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填being。
第四部分 课文知识（共两节，满分25分）
I. 语境填空（根据首字母或者所给词的恰当形式填空；每题1分，共15分）
46. It ________ (estimate) that the prject will last mre than ten years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is estimated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：据估计，这项工程将持续十年以上。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句中it is estimated that为固定结构，意为“据估计……”，此处it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语，从句的内容与estimate之间是被动关系。故填is estimated。
47. She packed a few e ________ (=necessity)and headed fr the cuntryside. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】essentials##ssentials
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：她收拾了一些必需品，前往农村。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，根据首字母和括号中单词提示，表示“必需品”用essential，此处表示复数意义。故填essentials。
48. The man s ________ f setting fire n the hill was arrested last night. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】suspected##uspected
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：涉嫌在山上纵火的那个人昨晚被逮捕了。分析句子，句中was arrested为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，根据首字母和句意提示，表示“怀疑某人做某事”用suspect sb f ding sth，此处the man与suspect之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作定语。故填suspected。
49. He std up in defence f the ld lady, saying she was nt the ne ________ (blame). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t blame
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式。句意：他站起来为那位老太太辩护，说她不应该受到责备。be t blame应该受到责备，主动表达被动。本句为动词不定式作定语。故填t blame。
50. The ________ (participate) are required t deliver an English speech in ten minutes. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】participants
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：参与者被要求在十分钟内发表英语演讲。分析句子，设空处使用participate的名词participant作主语，根据后文的are可知，此处主语为复数。故填participants。
51. Cnstant ________ (expse) t diverse cultures will benefit yungsters. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】expsure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：经常接触不同的文化对青少年有益。分析句子，设空处使用expse的名词expsure作主语，意为“接触”。故填expsure。
52. The United Kingdm, ________ (cnsist) f fur cuntries, England, Wales, Sctland and Nrthern Ireland, enjys a very lng histry. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】cnsisting
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：英国由英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰四个国家组成，历史悠久。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词enjys，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，The United Kingdm和cnsist为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填cnsisting。
53. It is quality instead f q ________ that defines a brand. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】quantity##uantity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：定义一个品牌的是质量而不是数量。根据句意和首字母可知，空处名词quantity作宾语。故填quantity。
54. Studying abrad s ________ (= bst) ne’s abilities in crss-cultural cmmunicatin. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】stimulates##timulates
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：出国留学可以激发一个人的跨文化交际能力。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。根据句意和括号中单词提示，表示“促进，激发”用stimulate，句子的主语为动名词studying abrad，为第三人称单数。故填stimulates。
55. It is the first time that Xie Lei ________ (step) ut f her cmfrt zne and adapted t a new culture. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has stepped
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是谢蕾第一次走出自己的舒适区，适应一种新的文化。分析句子，句中it is the first time that+现在完成时为固定结构，意为“某人第一次做某事”。故填has stepped。
56. We wrked hard in rder t live up t ur parents’ ________. (expect) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】expectatin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了不辜负父母的期望，我们努力工作。分析句子，设空处使用expect的名词expectatin作宾语，意为“期望”。故填expectatin。
57. P ________ t cming t China, my nly experience with Chinese cking was in America. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】Prir## rir
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在来中国之前，我唯一的中国烹饪经验是在美国。“在……之前”为prir t。故填Prir。
58. I need t learn hw t behave in new s ________ (=envirnment). (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】surrundings##urrundings
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我需要学习如何适应新环境。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，根据括号中单词提示和首字母提示可知，表示“环境，周围事物”用surrundings。故填surrundings。
59. VIP members can have access t the curses tailred fr persnal needs r ________ f time and space. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】regardless##egardless
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：VIP会员可以在任何时间、任何空间参加为个人量身定制的课程。根据前面的“VIP members”可知，此处指的是“可以在任何时间、任何空间参加为个人量身定制的课程”，regardless f意为“不管，不顾”。故填regardless。
60. Yu’re a liar--yur behaviur is nt c ________ with what yu say. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】cnsistent##nsistent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你是个骗子——你的行为与你所说的不一致。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，根据首字母和句意，表示“一致的”用cnsistent。故填cnsistent。
II．根据课文内容填空（每题2分，共10分）
注意：每空一词，与课文内容一致。
61. What we can say, hwever, is that culture and cuisine ________ ________ ________ ________, and if yu d nt experience ne, yu can never really knw the ther. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. g ②. hand ③. in ④. hand
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：然而，我们可以说的是，文化和美食是息息相关的，如果你没有经历过其中一个，你就永远无法真正了解另一个。根据句意，表示“息息相关”，用动词g hand in hand，在表语从句中作谓语，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语culture and cuisine是复数概念，谓语用复数形式。故填g；hand；in；hand。
62. The French authr Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin nce wrte, “Tell me what yu eat, and I will tell yu what yu are.” ________ ________ ________, this means “Yu are what yu eat.” (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. Put ②. mre ③. simply
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：法国作家Jean-Anthelme Brillat Savarin曾写道：“告诉我你平时吃什么，我就可以说出你是个什么样的人。”简单地说，这句话就是“人如其食”的意思。根据句子结构和前后文句意可知，此处表达“更简单地说”，应用动词短语put mre simply，put意为“表述”，副词比较级mre simply修饰动词。此处为祈使句开头，句首字母大写，故填①Put；②mre；③simply。
63. Certainly, in many ways this seems t be true. Chinese cuisine is ________ ________ ________ ________.(根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. a ②. case ③. in ④. pint
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和介词短语。句意：当然，在许多方面，这似乎是正确的。中国菜就是一个很好的例子。分析句子，设空处使用短语作表语。根据句意，表示“一个很好的例子”用a case in pint。故填a；case；in；pint。
64. Fr example, America’s mst ppular Chinese dish is General Ts’s chicken, which cnsists f fried chicken cvered in a sweet sauce, ________ ________ ht red peppers. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. flavred##flavured ②. with
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左宗棠鸡，这道菜是用炸鸡蘸上甜酱，用红辣椒调味。分析句子，句中cnsists为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。根据句意，表示“用……调味”用； 此处which指代前文的General Ts’s chicken，其与flavur/flavr之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词形式。故填flavured/flavred with。
65. Tired, hungry, and ________ ________ ________ ________ f Chinese, we had n idea hw t rder, s the chef just began filling ur table with the best fd we had ever eaten. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. nt ②. knwing ③. a ④. wrd
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们又累又饿，又不懂中文，不知道怎么点餐，所以厨师就开始给我们的桌子上摆满了我们吃过的最好的食物。分析句子，句中had为为动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。根据句意，表示“又不懂中文”用nt knw a wrd f Chinese，此处we和knw之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填nt；knwing；a；wrd。
第五部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tm发来邮件，提到他对中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家，内容包括：
1.科学家介绍；
2.对你的影响。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tm,
I’m glad that yu shw admiratin fr Chinese scientific achievement.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tm,
I’m glad that yu shw admiratin fr Chinese scientific achievement.
One f my favrite Chinese scientists is Tu Yuyu. She is renwned fr her discvery f artemisinin, a breakthrugh in the treatment f malaria. Tu Yuyu’s wrk has had a prfund impact n glbal health, saving cuntless lives in malaria-endemic regins.
Persnally, Tu Yuyu’s dedicatin t scientific research and her perseverance in the face f challenges have inspired me. Her grundbreaking discvery highlights the imprtance f scientific innvatin in addressing glbal health challenges.
Sincerely, if yu want t knw mre abut this, yu can write t me again.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。美国笔友Tm发来邮件，提到他对中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。要求考生用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家。
【详解】1.词汇积累
知名的： renwned →famus
影响：impact→ influence
奉献：dedicatin→devtin
真挚地：sincerely→ genuinely
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：One f my favrite Chinese scientists is Tu Yuyu.
拓展句：One f my favrite Chinese scientists is Tu Yuyu, wh is a great female scientist.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Tu Yuyu’s wrk has had a prfund impact n glbal health, saving cuntless lives in malaria-endemic regins.（运用了现在分词作状语）
【高分句型2】 Her grundbreaking discvery highlights the imprtance f scientific innvatin in addressing glbal health challenges.（运用了动名词作宾语的结构）