资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩8页未读，
继续阅读
上海市浦东新区江镇中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
展开
这是一份上海市浦东新区江镇中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含上海市浦东新区江镇中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题原卷版docx、上海市浦东新区江镇中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
1、本场考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
2、作答前，考生在答题纸正面填写学校、姓名、考生号，并黏贴考生本人条形码。
3、所有作答务必填涂或书写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的区域，不得错位。在草稿纸、试卷上作答一律不得分。
4、用2B铅笔作答选择题，用黑色字迹的钢笔、水笔或圆珠笔作答非选择题。
I. Listening Cmprehensin (10%+10%)
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. In a bkstre. B. In a grcery. C. In a statinery shp. D. In a shpping mall.
2. A. 17 dllars. B. 18 dllars. C. 19 dllars. D. 20 dllars.
3. A. Husband and wife. B. Passenger and driver.
C. Teacher and student. D. Salesgirl and custmer.
4. A. Because he desn’t like histry.
B. Because he must read a lt f bks.
C Because he can’t get the bks n the list.
D. Because he desn’t have time t take the curse.
5. A. She can use his car. B. She can rent a car.
C. She must get her car fixed. D. She can’t get his car fixed.
6. A. By fax and e-mail. B. By fax and hme telephne.
C. By ffice and hme telephne. D. By e-mail and hme telephne.
7. A. Befre they say gd-bye t each ther. B. When they get t a party.
C. Befre they have a meal. D. When they stay there fr a lng time.
8. A. The bks were sent ut late.
B. The bks were sent t the wrng place.
C. He will help the wman mve t a new place.
D. He desn’t knw the wman’s new address.
9. A. The new dress is fr warm weather. B. The new dress makes her lk cl.
C. She desn’t like cld weather at all. D. She bught the dress when it was warm.
10. A. She culd hardly find the truth. B. She had n travel experience in Russia.
C. She is gd at finding a place t stay. D. She desn’t agree with the man.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnversatin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. Because it can make her famus. B. Because it is easy and rewarding.
C. Because it is dangerus but exciting. D. Because it has its mving mment.
12. A. Smebdy was killed. B. Nbdy was injured.
C. Karen was physically hurt. D. Many buildings explded.
13. A. A fierce war. B. A serius injury. C. A terrible explsin. D. A brave jurnalist.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14. A. Because P.E. can help build up ur bdy.
B. Because there was a demand fr physically fit sldiers t fight in cmbat.
C. Because P.E. had becme a fashin all ver the wrld after the war.
D. Because P.E. can help reduce childhd besity rates.
15. A. It keeps kids in gd cnditin.
B. Thin little kids prbably get bullied in schl.
C. Fat kids may feel ashamed f their weight and hate P.E class.
D. Students were mre likely t miss classes and act ut.
16. A. Critical. B. Wrried. C. Objective. D. Uninterested.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. Within an hur. B. Abut an hur and a half.
C. Abut an hur r tw. D. Abut three r fur hurs.
18. A. A visit t the Cuntry Farm. B. Have lunch.
C. Feed sheep. D. G n a cycling trip.
19. A. His daughter is ver seven years ld.
B. They will take the cruise next week.
C. His wife will g n a cycling trip.
D. His sn may be nt interested in the farm.
20. A. Hw ld the tw kids are. B. Where the man can rent a bike.
C. What shuld lk ut fr during the jurney.
D. Hw much the man need t pay.
II. Grammar and vcabulary (10%+10%)
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fit s each blank.
The Histry f Snacks
Hamburgers, sandwiches and pizza are sme f the wrlds’ favurite snacks, but have yu ever wndered ___1___ first ate them? Read n t find ut mre.
The hamburger
The hamburger started life as small pieces f raw beef ___2___(eat) by the Tartars, a tribe wh invaded Eurpe in the Middle Ages. ___3___ they ate it, they used t put the meat n their hrse under the saddle (马鞍) they were sitting n in rder t make it sft. When the Tartar s arrived in Hamburg, the peple mixed the beef with lcal spices, fried it and called it the Hamburg Steak. Germans wh came t the USA tk this recipe with them and it became knwn ___4___ a hamburger there.
The sandwich
Peple say that it was Jhn Mntague, the Furth Earl f Sandwich, ___5___invented the sandwich. Mntague enjyed playing cards in his favurite restaurant, the Beef Steak Club in Lndn. He culd ___6___(find) there mst days and sme f his games lasted fr hurs. One day, instead f stpping ___7___(eat) lunch, Mntague asked a servant t bring him sme meat between tw slices f bread t prevent the cards frm getting dirty. When the ther players saw this, they began t rder’ the same as Sandwich’, and s the sandwich gt its name.
Pizza Margherita
In 1889, Queen Margherita f Italy invited chef Rafaelle Espsit frm his pizzaria t visit the ryal palace and ___8___(bake) a selectin f pizzas fr her. ___9___(want) t impress the queen, Rafaelle made a very special pizza. It was large and tpped with tmates, mzzarella cheese and fresh herbs t represent the Italian flag, ____10____ is red, white and green. The Queen was delighted with this design and the pizza became ne f her favurite fds. When peple heard abut this, they all wanted t try it and s the pizza Margherita was brn.
【答案】1. wh 2. eaten
3. Whenever
4. as 5. that/wh
6. be fund
7. t eat 8. bake
9. Wanting 10. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了汉堡、三明治和披萨三种小吃的由来。
【1题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：汉堡、三明治和披萨是世界上最受欢迎的小吃，但你有没有想过是谁首先吃了它们？引导宾语从句，根据句意可知表示“谁”，在从句中作主语，所以用wh引导，故填wh。
【2题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：汉堡最初是中世纪入侵欧洲的鞑靼人吃的小块生牛肉。分析句子可知，eat作定语修饰beef，eat和它所修饰的词small pieces f raw beef之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填eaten。
【3题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：每当他们吃的时候，他们总是把肉放在马的马鞍下，让它变软。根据句意可知此处引导让步状语从句表示“无论何时”，所以用whenever引导，句首单词首字母大写，故填Whenever。
【4题详解】
考查介词。句意：来到美国的德国人把这个食谱带到了美国，并在那里被称为汉堡。此处为动词短语be knwn as“被称之为”，as为介词，故填as。
【5题详解】
考查强调句。句意：人们说三明治是三明治四世伯爵约翰·蒙塔古发明的。本句为强调句，强调句型为“it was +被强调部分+that+其他”，被强调部分为人时，that也可以用wh代替，此处强调了主语Jhn Mntaque，为人，故填that/wh。
【6题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：大部分时间都能在那里找到他，他的一些比赛持续几个小时。主语he和find之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，前面有情态动词，be动词为原形，故填be fund。
【7题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：一天，蒙塔古没有停下来吃午饭，而是让仆人在两片面包中间夹些肉，以防牌弄脏。此处表示“停下来去做”，所以用动词短语“stp t d”，动词不定式作目的状语，故填t eat。
【8题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：1889年，意大利玛格丽塔王后邀请披萨店的厨师拉裴尔·埃斯波西托访问皇宫，并为她烤了一些披萨。和前面的t visit并列作宾补，承前省略了不定式符号t，故填bake。
【9题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：想要给女王留下好印象，拉斐尔做了一个非常特别的披萨。want和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填Wanting。
【10题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：它很大，上面有西红杮、马苏里拉奶酪和新鲜的香草，代表着红、白、绿三色的意人利国旗。先行词为the Italian flag，指物，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导，故填which。
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Satellites Can Help Us Fight Climate Change
At the beginning f 2021, President Je Biden exclaimed that “science is back” as we cntinued ur effrts t ____11____ the COVID emergency. That phrase cntinues t ring true acrss the federal gvernment. Science and its applicatins are being used at every agency t deal with public health ____12____, build new transprtatin infrastructure, infrm plicy decisins and tackle the climate crisis.
Recently the Interir Department’s U.S. Gelgical Survey assumed ____13____ f Landsat 9 frm NASA, which built and launched it in 2021.This satellite is designed t ____14____ Earth’s land, water and ther natural resurces. Landsat missins supprt envirnmental sustainability and climate resilience. The Landsat prgram, which launched in July 1972, has helped us understand ur planet and the changes that are ccurring n it. That partnership has prpelled research and bservatin frward thrugh the launch f ____15____ Landsat satellites, each replacing its predecessrs and wrking in tandem with new capabilities and strengths.
I attended the histric launch f Landsat 9 in Califrnia. It was nthing ____16____ f amazing. I tured the missin cntrl center and met a yung scientist frm the Navaj Natin living far away frm hme. She uses Landsat ____17____ t see her hme frm many miles away, and with such data, she enables her cmmunity t manage water resurces in the face f a changing climate. This is the pwer and beauty f science at wrk.
All arund the glbe, scientists are using Landsat and ther imagery t interpret what is happening n Earth tday and t cmpare it with the 50 years’ ____18____ f data the Landsat prgram has cllected.
This science-based prgram and thse like it acrss federal agencies are pwerful tls in ur effrts t respnsibly manage ur resurces. Their priritizatin helps t demnstrate the Biden-Harris administratin’s cmmitment t lead with science. S, t, the resurces prvided thrugh the president’s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and Inflatin Reductin Act will be key t the develpment f lnger-term sustainability measures as we ____19____ t climate change, including building mre resilient cmmunities and prtecting ur natural envirnment.
Landsat NEXT is the upcming missin we will develp with NASA t pwer better science and decisin-making fr the next 50 years. Science is indeed ____20____ us n a path t a brighter future.
【答案】11. E
12. B 13. K 14. D 15. J 16. I 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. H
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了陆地卫星的作用和意义。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年初，乔·拜登总统在我们继续努力应对新冠疫情紧急情况时感叹“科学回来了”。分析句子结构可知，不定式符号t后填动词原形，结合句意可知填动词navigate，navigate意为“找到正确方法(对付困难复杂的情况)”。故选E项。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：每个机构都在利用科学及其应用来应对公共卫生挑战、建设新的交通基础设施、为政策决策提供信息和应对气候危机。结合句意可知填challenges(挑战)，public health challenges作deal with的宾语。故选B项。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：最近，美国内政部地质调查局从2021年建造并发射的美国国家航空航天局获得了陆地卫星9号的价值。分析句子结构可知，谓语assumed(取得)后缺少宾语，故填不可数名词wrth(价值)，符合句意。故选K项。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：这颗卫星旨在监测地球的土地、水和其他自然资源。分析句子结构可知，不定式符号t后填动词原形，结合句意可知填动词mnitr，mnitr意为“监测”。故选D项。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种伙伴关系通过连续发射陆地资源卫星推动了研究和观测的发展，每颗卫星都取代了前一颗卫星，并以新的能力和优势协同工作。分析句子结构可知，名词短语Landsat satellites前应用形容词修饰。结合“each replacing its predecessrs(每一个都取代其前任)”,可知发射的卫星不止一个，故填successive(连续的，相继的)，作定语。故选J项。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这简直令人惊异。nthing shrt f(简直，无异于)为固定短语。此处表达这种吃惊的心情，故本空选I。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：她利用地球资源卫星成像技术从数英里外看到她的家，有了这些数据，她使她的社区能够在气候变化的情况下管理水资源。结合上下文可知，运用成像技术才能看到她的家，故本空填imaging(成像)，Landsat imaging作uses的宾语。故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在全球范围内，科学家们正在使用地球资源卫星和其他图像来解释今天地球上正在发生的事情，并将其与地球资源卫星项目50年来收集的数据操作进行比较。由50year's判断本空为名词，故填peratins(操作，运行)符合句意。故选F。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：因此，通过总统的《两党基础设施法》和《通胀削减法》提供的资源也将是我们在应对气候变化时制定长期可持续性措施的关键，包括建设更具韧性的社区和保护我们的自然环境。分析句子结构可知，空前的as为时间状语从句的引导词，本空为句子谓语。respnd t(对……作出反应)为固定短语，结合空后的t和句意可知，本空填respnd。故选G项。
【20题详解】
考查动词。句意：科学确实使我们走上了一条通往更光明未来的道路。set sb. n path t(使某人走上……的道路)为固定短语，结合空后的a path t和句意可知，本空填setting，和空前的is构成现在进行时。故选H项。
The Bk f the Millennium
When I was a graduate student in Oxfrd many years ag, I shared a huse with a brilliant German sinlgist (汉学家). Many visitrs wuld pp int ur huse, and ne night arund the kitchen table I met a(n)____21____character. His name was David Hawkes. A(n) ____22____ linguist, he directed Japanese cdebreakers in his early twenties, during Wrld War II. Later, as a teacher, he did wnderful translatin f Sngs f the Suth (楚辞), part f a petic traditin earlier than anything that has ____23____ in the West. Then he became a prfessr f Chinese at Oxfrd, but, as he put it, “I resigned in rder t ____24____ my time t translating a Chinese nvel…Well, the Chinese nvel.”
The bk was Dream f the Red Chamber, written by Ca Xueqin. British ____25____ Anthny West wrte in The New Yrkerin 1958 that the nvel is t Chinese literature “very much what The Brthers Karamazv is t Russian and Remembrance f Things Past is t French literature” and that “it is ____26____ ne f the great nvels f all literature.”
Hawkes eventually cmpleted his great endeavr, with the help f his sn-in-law Jhn Minfrd, wh ____27____the last tw vlumes f the five, which were published by Penguin between 1973 and 1986. Hawkes’ translatin was ____28____ as an intrductin t a “masterpiece”.
Dream f the Red Chamber was written in the 1750s “by a great artist with his very lifebld,” said Hawkes. It is full f ____29____ detail f the scial, cultural and spiritual life f the time. Studying it fr nn-Chinese readers has never perhaps been mre useful. At a time when _____30_____ f Chinese culture and identity is increasingly necessary because f the cuntry’s new internatinal rle, getting insights int the heart f Chinese culture thrugh a nvel _____31_____ recgnized as ne f the mst influential prduced in the Chinese language wuld seem as uncntrversial statement. Ca’s wrk while seen as essentially lcal and Chinese, is abut _____32_____ and the nature f human experience. That transcends the _____33_____ f a particular language and cntext in which the nvel is set.
The bk as it stands in the Penguin versin runs t 2500 pages — twice as lng as War and Peace. _____34_____ at first because f the large number f characters and their difficult names (t a nn-Chinese reader). But nce yu are int it, it is a bk int which the reader can cmpletely _____35_____ themselves; it is like anything else in all f literature.
21. A. arrgantB. fascinatingC. humrusD. respnsible
22. A. decisiveB. frustratedC. generusD. talented
23. A. cpiedB. launchedC. revisedD. survived
24. A. addictB. devteC. expseD. reduce
25. A. criticB. criticalC. criticismD. criticize
26. A. beynd questinB. in dubtC. in questinD. ut f the questin
27. A. gatheredB. bughtC. sldD. translated
28. A. apprvedB. appintedC. electedD. greeted
29. A. bringB. fakeC. imaginaryD. incredible
30. A. appreciatinB. definitinC. determinatinD. ppsitin
31. A. barelyB. criticallyC. speciallyD. universally
32. A. humanityB. mdernityC. persnalityD. sincerity
33. A. bundariesB. circlesC. perspectivesD. spaces
34. A. Never-endingB. Hard-gingC. Labr-savingD. Recrd-breaking
35. A. changeB. immerseC. persuadeD. reduce
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了David Hawkes和其女婿共同翻译了中国古典小说——《红楼梦》，并介绍了阅读该小说的意义等。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多客人会突然来到我们家，有一天晚上，在厨房的桌子旁，我遇到了一个迷人的人物。A. arrgant傲慢的；B. fascinating迷人的；C. humrus幽默的；D. respnsible负责任的。根据下文描述可知，这位客人才华横溢，非常有吸引力。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名极有天赋的语言学家，他在二战期间20岁出头的时候指导了日本密码的破译工作。A. decisive决定性的；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. generus慷慨的；D. talented有天赋的。根据下文“he directed Japanese cdebreakers in his early twenties, during Wrld War II.”可知，David Hawkes帮助破译密码，由此可知，David Hawkes是个很有天赋的语言学家。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，作为一名教师，他翻译了《楚辞》，这是西方诗歌传统的一部分，比任何幸存下来的东西都要早。A. cpied复制；B. launched发射；C. revised校订；D. survived幸存。根据空前的“earlier”可知，这里指的是比西方传统的诗歌都要早，而这些诗歌则是从过去幸存下来的。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，他成为牛津大学的中文教授，但正如他所说，“我辞职是为了把时间花在翻译一部中国小说上……嗯，是中国小说。”A. addict使……上瘾；B. devte致力；C. expse揭露；D. reduce减少。根据句意可知，本句指的是David Hawkes辞职的目的是为了翻译一部中国小说。短语：devte…t ding sth.，意为“投入……做某事”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查词性辨析辨析。句意：英国评论家Anthny West于1958年在《纽约时报》上写道，这部小说之于中国文学，“就像《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》之于俄罗斯文学，《追忆似水年华》之于法国文学”，“毫无疑问，它是所有文学作品中最伟大的小说之一”。A. critic评论家；B. critical批评的；C. criticism批评；D. criticize批评。根据下文“Anthny West”可知，这里指的是一个评论家。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：英国评论家Anthny West于1958年在《纽约时报》上写道，这部小说之于中国文学，“就像《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》之于俄罗斯文学，《追忆似水年华》之于法国文学”，“毫无疑问，它是所有文学作品中最伟大的小说之一”。A. beynd questin毫无疑问；B. in dubt怀疑；C. in questin正在考虑中；D. ut f the questin不可能。根据上文“the nvel is t Chinese literature “very much what The Brthers Karamazv is t Russian and Remembrance f Things Past is t French literature”可知，他认为这部小说是非常伟大的小说。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终在他的女婿Jhn Minfrd的帮助下，Hawkes完成了他的伟大努力，并于1973年至1986年由企鹅出版社出版，他的女婿翻译了五卷中的最后两卷。A. gathered聚集；B. bught买；C. sld卖；D. translated翻译。根据上文可知，Hawkes辞职是为了完成《红楼梦》的翻译。由此判断，他的女婿翻译了最后两卷。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hawkes的翻译被视为一部“杰作”的开端。A. apprved同意；B. appinted委派；C. elected选举；D. greeted问候。根据上文可知，Hawkes认为《红楼梦》的艺术价值极高，而他的翻译也被视作是这部小说进入西方文化的开端。考查短语：be greeted as，意为“被视作……”。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它充满了当时社会、文化和精神生活的令人难以置信的细节。A. bring无聊的；B. fake假的；C. imaginary想象中的；D. incredible难以置信的。根据上文“Dream f the Red Chamber was written in the 1750s “by a great artist with his very lifebld,” said Hawkes.”可知，Hawkes认为作者曹雪芹是一位伟大的艺术家，这部小说倾注了作者毕生的心血，由此判断，书中的细节都真实地令人难以置信。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于中国新的国际角色，对中国文化和身份的了解越来越有必要，通过一部被普遍认为最具影响力的中文小说之一，深入了解中国文化的核心，似乎是一个无可争议的声明。A. appreciatin了解；B. definitin下定义；C. determinatin决心；D. ppsitin反对。根据下文“because f the cuntry’s new internatinal rle”可推断，中国在国际上的地位正在上升，所以对中国文化和身份的了解非常有必要。故选A。
31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于中国新的国际角色，对中国文化和身份的欣赏越来越有必要，通过一部被普遍认为最具影响力的中文小说之一，深入了解中国文化的核心，似乎是一个无可争议的声明。A. barely几乎不；B. critically批评性地；C. specially尤其；D. universally普遍地。根据常理推测，《红楼梦》被人们普遍认为是最具影响力的中文小说。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：曹雪芹的作品虽然被认为本质上是本地的和中国的，但却是关于人性和人类经验的本质。A. humanity人性；B. mdernity现代化；C. persnality个性；D. sincerity真诚。根据空后“the nature f human experience”可知，空处内容与之相似，指的是关于人类经验的本质，根据《红楼梦》的内容可知，该小说还讲述了人性。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这超越了小说所处的特定语言和语境的界限。A. bundaries边界；B. circles圆圈；C. perspectives看法；D. spaces空间。根据空前的“transcend”以及空后“a particular language and cntext in which the nvel is set.”可知，本句指的是超越了小说所处的语言和语境的界限。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始很难，因为大量的人物和他们的名字很难(对非中文读者)。A. Never-ending不停的；B. Hard-ging难以进行；C. Labr-saving省工的；D. Recrd-breaking破纪录的。根据空后“because f the large number f characters and their difficult names (t a nn-Chinese reader).”可知，由于《红楼梦》中大量人物和其名字，所以非中文读者一开始阅读的时候会有点困难。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，一旦你进入其中，这是一本读者可以完全沉浸其中的书；它就像所有文学作品中的其他作品一样。A. change改变；B. immerse使沉浸（于）；C. persuade劝服；D. reduce减少。根据上文“nce yu are int it”可知，此处指的是读者沉浸在书本之中。故选B。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
While I was in hspital, a friend recmmended a ppular nline series f daily meditatins, a “can’t affrd t miss” in his mind. Mstly, the mrning nes were impssible t d as the hspital rutine starts at half past five, s I mstly listened the evening nes, which were very helpful. Once, hwever, I managed the mrning ne, which talked abut the imprtance f ding smething r creating smething which will survive us.
The wrks f great pets and writers cme t mind, but hw many f us will write the next David Cpperfield, r Ode t Autumn? Sprting triumphs als ccur: the breaking f the fur minute mile fr instance. But again, hw many f us are great athletes? S what can we d?
Shakespeare writes, “The evil men d lives after them; the gd is ft interred (ften buried) with their bnes.” Fr nce, hwever, I think Shakespeare is wrng. I think the gd we d can live after we have gne. Sir Terry Pratchett writes, “A man is nt truly dead while his name is still spken,” and I think that is mre true. Perhaps we cannt expect ur name t be remembered fr hundreds r thusands f years, but t be remembered with kindness and even thankfulness after we’ve gne is surely smething t strive fr.
I had tw grannies when I was grwing up. One was my mther’s mther; the ther was ur cusin’s grandmther n their father’s side. Our wn grandmther died yung, s this lvely lady adpted us as her hnrary grandchildren.
Granny was the mst lvely and lving lady yu culd imagine. There were always cakes in the tin and a warm welcme whenever we visited, there were small presents at Christmas and n ur birthdays, and we lved her dearly. It was nly when I attended her funeral that I realized hw far her lve extended: the church was packed, and tale after tale was tld f her kindness. Her name was — and pssibly still is — spken lng after her death.
I wish I culd say the same f my ther grandmther, but I can’t. My mther talks abut her, but I dn’t; there is n pint in talking abut unkindness.
When I annunced my retirement, a cuple f mnths ag, I was stunned t receive s many emails and letters f thanks. My patients really appreciate all that I have dne fr them. That will last after I’m gne and spread dwn thrugh generatins.
36. Which f the fllwing statements will the authr prbably agree with abut the nline meditatin?
A. The evening meditatin are mre imprtant than the mrning nes.
B. The nline meditatin receive mre attentin in the evening.
C. The mrning meditatin are difficult t use in daily life.
D. The nline meditatin are wrthy f the name.
37. The authr quted Sir Terry Pratchett’s wrds in rder t __________.
A. supprt Shakespeare’s statement n the afterlife
B. argue that greatness is the nly way t be remembered
C. emphasize the imprtance f kindness t rdinary peple
D. criticize the idea that nly evil deeds are remembered
38. Which f the fllwing statements it TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. The authr’s granny n mther’s side was a kind persn.
B. Shakespeare believed the gdness fades far sner than the evil.
C. A man’s cntributin is highly dependent n their achievements.
D. Peple were happy t knw the retirement f the authr.
39. We can mst prbably find this passage in a __________.
A. magazine featuring famus athletes
B. blg pst by a dctr wh recently retired
C. bk abut the imprtance f creating a legend
D. medical jurnal discussing the benefits f meditatin
【答案】36. D 37. D 38. B 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者认为当一个人的名字还在被人念叨时，他并没有真正死去，而只要我们多做善事，会死后继续传承下去，代代相传。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“While I was in hspital, a friend recmmended a ppular nline series f daily meditatins, a “can’t affrd t miss” in his mind. Mstly, the mrning nes were impssible t d as the hspital rutine starts at half past five, s I mstly listened the evening nes, which were very helpful.(在我住院期间，一位朋友向我推荐了一个网上流行的每日冥想系列，在他看来，这是一个“不能错过的”。大多数情况下，早上的是不可能做的，因为医院的日常工作在五点半开始，所以我主要听晚上的，这很有帮助)”可知，作者认为在线冥想是名副其实的。故选D项。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Shakespeare writes, “The evil men d lives after them; the gd is ft interred (ften buried) with their bnes.” Fr nce, hwever, I think Shakespeare is wrng. I think the gd we d can live after we have gne. Sir Terry Pratchett writes, “A man is nt truly dead while his name is still spken,” and I think that is mre true.(莎士比亚写道:“恶人死后永生; 好人往往和他们的尸骨一起被埋葬。”然而，这一次，我认为莎士比亚错了。我认为我们所做的好事可以在我们死后继续存在。特里·普拉切特爵士写道:“当一个人的名字还在被人念叨时，他并没有真正死去。”我认为这句话更贴切)”可知，作者引用特里·普拉切特爵士的话是为了批评那种认为只有邪恶的行为才会被记住的观点。故选D项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Shakespeare writes, “The evil men d lives after them; the gd is ft interred (ften buried) with their bnes.”(莎士比亚写道:“恶人死后永生; 好人往往和他们的尸骨一起被埋葬。”)”可知，莎士比亚相信善比恶消逝得更快。故选B项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Once, hwever, I managed the mrning ne, which talked abut the imprtance f ding smething r creating smething which will survive us.(然而，有一次，我读到了早晨的那篇，它讲的是做一些事情或创造一些东西的重要性，这些事情将使我们生存下去)”最后一段“When I annunced my retirement, a cuple f mnths ag, I was stunned t receive s many emails and letters f thanks. My patients really appreciate all that I have dne fr them.(几个月前，当我宣布退休时，我震惊地收到了如此多的电子邮件和感谢信。我的病人真的很感激我为他们所做的一切)”以及纵观全文，可知，这是一位退休医生的人生感悟，所以可能是一个最近退休的医生写的博客。故选B项。
(B)
Each ne f us shares this planet with seven billin ther individuals. And we all need transprtatin. The majrity f cars, mtrcycles, bats and planes cause pllutin. They are als nisy. This is a serius prblem in many cities. S inventrs are cming up with innvative ideas t try t reduce the pllutin and nise.
By Land
In many cities arund the wrld, mtrcycles are becming increasingly ppular. Currently, Vietnam has arund 33 millin mtrcycles. China has almst 120 millin. The cnvenience f these mtrcycles cmes at a cst. Air pllutin is a grwing prblem. In large cities, peple ften cmplain it is difficult t breathe. They als cmplain abut the nise.
T slve these prblems, a U.S. cmpany designed an envirnmentally friendly mtrcycle. It uses electricity as fuel. Yu can drive it fr 40 miles (64 kilmeters) befre recharging the battery.
It is als quiet and fast-60 miles (96 kilmeters) per hur. This makes it a gd chice fr getting arund a city.
By Water
The Italian city f Venice is a city with nly a few rads. There are n cars in the city center. Instead f cars, water taxis and buses carry peple alng the city’s canals. The engines f these bats are simple and cheap. Hwever, they cause pllutin, particularly t the water. This causes damage t the city’s buildings.
English mechanics Dick Strawbridge and Jem Stans designed a slar-pwered water taxi. The slar panels charge three electric batteries. These, in turn, prvide pwer t the engine. The water taxi can carry six passengers. It can run fr a day. In the future, slar taxis culd be an alternative t Venice’s current taxis.
By Air
Designing an envirnmentally friendly airplane is a real challenge. Planes use an enrmus amunt f jet fuel. This means they cause significant air pllutin, and they are very nisy. Sme majr airplane manufacturers have started t address the prblems. They are using cleaner fuels, fr example. Hwever, Swiss engineers have gne ne step further. They develped a slar airplane — the Slar Impulse. Slar panels cver its wings. These panels prvide pwer t fur electric mtrs and batteries. The batteries allw the plane t fly at night. This plane hlds the wrld recrd fr the lngest slar-pwered flight — 985 miles (1541 kilmeters) frm Arizna t Texas in the United States.
40. What d the three innvative ideas prpsed have in cmmn?
A. They aim t slve traffic prblems in big cities.
B. They use cleaner energy and cause less pllutin.
C. They aim t change traditinal way f transprting gds.
D. They are gd will f develped cuntries t help develping cuntries.
41. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A. China wns the largest number f mtrcycles.
B. There are n cars in the center f Venice city.
C. Slar-pwered water taxi can run fr a day with ne battery at wrk.
D. The newly designed mtrcycle can drive 60 miles after being charged.
42. Accrding t the passage, the distinguished merit f Slar Impulse is ________.
A. lighter wingsB. less nise
C. pwerful batteriesD. lngest slar panels
【答案】40. B 41. B 42. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了几款新的减少污染和噪音的交通工具。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“And we all need transprtatin. The majrity f cars, mtrcycles, bats and planes cause pllutin. They are als nisy. This is a serius prblem in many cities. S inventrs are cming up with innvative ideas t try t reduce the pllutin and nise.(我们都需要交通工具。大多数汽车、摩托车、船和飞机造成污染。它们也很吵。这在许多城市都是一个严重的问题。因此，发明家们想出了创新的想法，试图减少污染和噪音)”，By Land下第二段的“It uses electricity as fuel. (它使用电力作为燃料)”，By Water下第二段的“The slar panels charge three electric batteries. These, in turn, prvide pwer t the engine.(太阳能电池板为三个电池充电。这些反过来又为发动机提供动力)”和By Air下的“Sme majr airplane manufacturers have started t address the prblems. They are using cleaner fuels, fr example. (一些主要的飞机制造商已经开始着手解决这些问题。例如，他们正在使用更清洁的燃料)”可知，提出的三个创新想法，它们使用更清洁的能源，造成更少的污染。故选B项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题By Water下第一段的“The Italian city f Venice is a city with nly a few rads. There are n cars in the city center.(意大利城市威尼斯是一个只有几条道路的城市。市中心没有汽车)”可知，威尼斯市中心没有汽车，B项正确。故选B项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“They develped a slar airplane — the Slar Impulse. Slar panels cver its wings. These panels prvide pwer t fur electric mtrs and batteries. The batteries allw the plane t fly at night. This plane hlds the wrld recrd fr the lngest slar-pwered flight—985 miles (1541 kilmeters) frm Arizna t Texas in the United States.(他们开发了一架太阳能飞机——“阳光动力号”。太阳能电池板覆盖着它的翅膀。这些面板为四个电动机和电池提供电力。电池使飞机能在夜间飞行。这架飞机保持着最长太阳能飞行的世界纪录——从美国亚利桑那州到德克萨斯州，飞行了985英里(1541公里))”可推知，阳光动力号的电池使飞机能在夜间飞行一整夜，所以它有强大的电池。故选C项。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Cnflict in Literature
What makes a bk r mvie exciting? What makes yu want t keep reading t find ut what happens r stay until the end f the mvie? Cnflict. Yes, cnflict. ____43____ Mst stries are written t have characters, a setting and a plt, but what sets apart a truly great stry frm the ne that might nt finish reading is cnflict.
Basically, we can define cnflict as a struggle between ppsing frces — tw characters, a character and nature, r even an internal struggle — cnflict prvides a level f wrry int a stry that engages the reader and makes him r her invested in finding ut what happens. ____44____
First, yu need t understand the different types f cnflict, which can essentially be brken dwn int tw categries: internal and external cnflict. ____45____ An external cnflict is ne in which the character faces a challenge with an external frce, like anther character, an act f nature, r even sciety.
____46____ Mst stries fcus n ne particular cnflict, but it’s als pssible that a stry can cntain mre than ne.
A. S hw d yu best create cnflict?
B. Frm there, we can break dwn cnflict int seven different examples.
C. By understanding what stands between characters and their gals what can we d next?
D. An internal cnflict tends t be ne in which the main character struggles with himself, such as a decisin he needs t make r a weakness he has t vercme.
E. When a cnflict is reslved and the reader discvers which frce r character succeeds, it creates a sense f clsure.
F. It is a necessary element f any stry, driving the stry frward and frcing the reader t stay up all night reading in hpes f sme srt f clsure.
【答案】43. F 44. A 45. D 46. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是文学冲突以及冲突的类型等。
【43题详解】
根据上文“What makes a bk r mvie exciting? What makes yu want t keep reading t find ut what happens r stay until the end f the mvie? Cnflict. Yes, cnflict.(是什么让一本书或一部电影令人兴奋？是什么让你想一直读下去，看看到底发生了什么，或者一直读到电影结束？冲突。是的，冲突)”以及后文“Mst stries are written t have characters, a setting and a plt, but what sets apart a truly great stry frm the ne that might nt finish reading is cnflict.(大多数故事都有角色、背景和情节，但真正伟大的故事与那些可能读不完的故事的区别在于冲突)”可知，本句与后文并列，都是在说明冲突的作用：是任何故事的必要元素，推动故事向前发展，迫使读者熬夜阅读，希望能有个了结。故F选项“它是任何故事的必要元素，推动故事向前发展，迫使读者熬夜阅读，希望能有个了结”符合语境，故选F。
【44题详解】
根据上文“Basically, we can define cnflict as a struggle between ppsing frces — tw characters, a character and nature, r even an internal struggle — cnflict prvides a level f wrry int a stry that engages the reader and makes him r her invested in finding ut what happens.(基本上，我们可以将冲突定义为对立力量之间的斗争——两个角色，一个角色和自然，甚至是一种内部斗争——冲突为故事提供了一定程度的担忧，吸引读者，让他或她投入到找出发生了什么)”以及后文“First, yu need t understand the different types f cnflict, which can essentially be brken dwn int tw categries: internal and external cnflict.(首先，你需要了解不同类型的冲突，它可以被分为两类：内部冲突和外部冲突)”可知，上文提到了冲突的作用，后文则在说明冲突的类型，即如何更好地制造冲突。故A选项“那么如何才能最好地制造冲突呢？”符合语境，故选A。
【45题详解】
根据后文“An external cnflict is ne in which the character faces a challenge with an external frce, like anther character, an act f nature, r even sciety.(外部冲突指的是角色面临来自外部力量的挑战，就像另一个角色，一种自然行为，甚至是社会)”可知，后文提到了外部冲突的概念，可知本句是在说明内部冲突。故D选项“内部冲突往往是主角与自己的斗争，比如他需要做出的决定或他必须克服的弱点”符合语境，故选D。
【46题详解】
根据后文“Mst stries fcus n ne particular cnflict, but it’s als pssible that a stry can cntain mre than ne.(大多数故事都专注于一个特定的冲突，但也有可能一个故事包含多个冲突)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应与上一段构成因果关系，说明冲突可以被分解成多少个例子。故B选项“由此，我们可以将冲突分解为七个不同的例子”符合语境，故选B。
IV. Translatin (3%+3%+4%)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
47. 大多数学生都认为必须禁止在课堂上使用手机。(majrity) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The majrity f students find it necessary t ban mbile phnes in class
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和it作形式宾语。表示“大多数学生”用the majrity f students，作主语；表示“认为必须做某事”用find it necessary t d sth.，it作形式宾语；表示“禁止在课堂上使用手机”翻译为ban mbile phnes in class。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为The majrity f students find it necessary t ban mbile phnes in class.
48. 这些插图精美的书籍非常吸引家里有小孩子的母亲。(appeal) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The beautifully illustrated bks are very appealing t mthers with small children. /The beautifully illustrated bks appeal t mthers with small children very much.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“这些插图精美的书籍”用the beautifully illustrated bks，作主语；表示“非常吸引”短语为be very appealing t sb.或appeal t sb. very much；表示“家里有小孩子的母亲”翻译为mthers with small children。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为The beautifully illustrated bks are very appealing t mthers with small children. /The beautifully illustrated bks appeal t mthers with small children very much.
49. 外来务工人员，不仅能够快速适应城市的快节奏生活，而且能为城市的繁荣兴旺做出巨大的贡献。(adapt) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Migrant wrkers can nt nly quickly adapt (themselves) t the fast pace f the city, but als make great cntributins t the prsperity f the city.
【解析】
【详解】考查并列句、动词短语及名词短语。整个句子可以被nt nly... but als...句型引导，在nt nly这个分句中，主语是“外来务工人员”，翻译为“Migrant wrkers”，谓语是“迅速适应”，翻译为“quickly adapt (themselves) t”，宾语是“城市的快节奏生活”，翻译为“the fast pace f the city”；在but als这个分句中，主语还是务工人员，所以无需再翻译一遍，谓语是“做出巨大贡献”，翻译为“make great cntributins t”，宾语是“城市的繁荣兴旺”，翻译为“the prsperity f the city”。整个句子表达客观现象，应用一般现在时。故翻译为Migrant wrkers can nt nly quickly adapt (themselves) t the fast pace f the city, but als make great cntributins t the prsperity f the city.
V. Guided Writing (13%)
50 Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学高中学生李明，最近在一本英语杂志上读到一篇关于青少年心理状态的文章。文中提出与20年前的青少年相比，如今的青少年更加不快乐。你对此话题很感兴趣，请写一封信给该报社的编辑，表达你的想法，内容须包括：
1. 导致该现象的原因
2. 相应的建议
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Editr,
I am Li Ming, a student in Ming qi Middle Schl. Recently, I read an article abut the mental state f teenagers which mentined that cmpared t the teenagers 20 years ag, tday’s teenagers are unhappier. I am writing t express my pinin abut this phenmenn.
Many peple think tday’s teenagers shuld be happier than befre. Hwever, that’s nt the case. First f all, tday’s teenagers have mre difficulty in getting alng with thers. It makes them feel lnely. Secndly, nwadays, teenagers suffer frm t much pressure f study, which makes them easier t be depressed.
Therefre, actin must be taken t imprve it. T begin with, teenagers shuld be encuraged t take many activities t frm harmnius interpersnal relatinship. Besides, parents als need t pay mre attentin t their children’s mental health. As we all knw, gd listening can always shw respect, prmte understanding and make things better. I am cnvinced that with ur jint effrts, the situatin will be gradually imprved.
Yurs sincerely ,
Li Ming
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给某英语杂志的编辑写封信，表达你对青少年不开心这一现象的看法以及建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
鼓励：encurage→inspire/mtivate
此外：besides → what’s mre
采取措施：take actin→ take measures
关注：pay attentin t →fcus n
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：First f all, tday’s teenagers have mre difficulty in getting alng with thers. It makes them feel lnely.
拓展句：First f all, tday’s teenagers have mre difficulty in getting alng with thers, which makes them feel lnely.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, I read an article abut the mental state f teenagers which mentined that cmpared t the teenagers 20 years ag, tday’s teenagers are unhappier.（运用了which引导的定语从句和非谓语动词作状语）
【高分句型2】I am cnvinced that with ur jint effrts, the situatin will be gradually imprved.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5 DCABB 6-10 AABAD 11-15 CCDBD 16-20 CCBADA. address B. challenges C. imaging D. mnitr E. navigate F. peratins G. respnd
H. setting I. shrt J. successive K. wrth
1、本场考试时间90分钟，满分100分。
2、作答前，考生在答题纸正面填写学校、姓名、考生号，并黏贴考生本人条形码。
3、所有作答务必填涂或书写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的区域，不得错位。在草稿纸、试卷上作答一律不得分。
4、用2B铅笔作答选择题，用黑色字迹的钢笔、水笔或圆珠笔作答非选择题。
I. Listening Cmprehensin (10%+10%)
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. In a bkstre. B. In a grcery. C. In a statinery shp. D. In a shpping mall.
2. A. 17 dllars. B. 18 dllars. C. 19 dllars. D. 20 dllars.
3. A. Husband and wife. B. Passenger and driver.
C. Teacher and student. D. Salesgirl and custmer.
4. A. Because he desn’t like histry.
B. Because he must read a lt f bks.
C Because he can’t get the bks n the list.
D. Because he desn’t have time t take the curse.
5. A. She can use his car. B. She can rent a car.
C. She must get her car fixed. D. She can’t get his car fixed.
6. A. By fax and e-mail. B. By fax and hme telephne.
C. By ffice and hme telephne. D. By e-mail and hme telephne.
7. A. Befre they say gd-bye t each ther. B. When they get t a party.
C. Befre they have a meal. D. When they stay there fr a lng time.
8. A. The bks were sent ut late.
B. The bks were sent t the wrng place.
C. He will help the wman mve t a new place.
D. He desn’t knw the wman’s new address.
9. A. The new dress is fr warm weather. B. The new dress makes her lk cl.
C. She desn’t like cld weather at all. D. She bught the dress when it was warm.
10. A. She culd hardly find the truth. B. She had n travel experience in Russia.
C. She is gd at finding a place t stay. D. She desn’t agree with the man.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnversatin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. Because it can make her famus. B. Because it is easy and rewarding.
C. Because it is dangerus but exciting. D. Because it has its mving mment.
12. A. Smebdy was killed. B. Nbdy was injured.
C. Karen was physically hurt. D. Many buildings explded.
13. A. A fierce war. B. A serius injury. C. A terrible explsin. D. A brave jurnalist.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14. A. Because P.E. can help build up ur bdy.
B. Because there was a demand fr physically fit sldiers t fight in cmbat.
C. Because P.E. had becme a fashin all ver the wrld after the war.
D. Because P.E. can help reduce childhd besity rates.
15. A. It keeps kids in gd cnditin.
B. Thin little kids prbably get bullied in schl.
C. Fat kids may feel ashamed f their weight and hate P.E class.
D. Students were mre likely t miss classes and act ut.
16. A. Critical. B. Wrried. C. Objective. D. Uninterested.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. Within an hur. B. Abut an hur and a half.
C. Abut an hur r tw. D. Abut three r fur hurs.
18. A. A visit t the Cuntry Farm. B. Have lunch.
C. Feed sheep. D. G n a cycling trip.
19. A. His daughter is ver seven years ld.
B. They will take the cruise next week.
C. His wife will g n a cycling trip.
D. His sn may be nt interested in the farm.
20. A. Hw ld the tw kids are. B. Where the man can rent a bike.
C. What shuld lk ut fr during the jurney.
D. Hw much the man need t pay.
II. Grammar and vcabulary (10%+10%)
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fit s each blank.
The Histry f Snacks
Hamburgers, sandwiches and pizza are sme f the wrlds’ favurite snacks, but have yu ever wndered ___1___ first ate them? Read n t find ut mre.
The hamburger
The hamburger started life as small pieces f raw beef ___2___(eat) by the Tartars, a tribe wh invaded Eurpe in the Middle Ages. ___3___ they ate it, they used t put the meat n their hrse under the saddle (马鞍) they were sitting n in rder t make it sft. When the Tartar s arrived in Hamburg, the peple mixed the beef with lcal spices, fried it and called it the Hamburg Steak. Germans wh came t the USA tk this recipe with them and it became knwn ___4___ a hamburger there.
The sandwich
Peple say that it was Jhn Mntague, the Furth Earl f Sandwich, ___5___invented the sandwich. Mntague enjyed playing cards in his favurite restaurant, the Beef Steak Club in Lndn. He culd ___6___(find) there mst days and sme f his games lasted fr hurs. One day, instead f stpping ___7___(eat) lunch, Mntague asked a servant t bring him sme meat between tw slices f bread t prevent the cards frm getting dirty. When the ther players saw this, they began t rder’ the same as Sandwich’, and s the sandwich gt its name.
Pizza Margherita
In 1889, Queen Margherita f Italy invited chef Rafaelle Espsit frm his pizzaria t visit the ryal palace and ___8___(bake) a selectin f pizzas fr her. ___9___(want) t impress the queen, Rafaelle made a very special pizza. It was large and tpped with tmates, mzzarella cheese and fresh herbs t represent the Italian flag, ____10____ is red, white and green. The Queen was delighted with this design and the pizza became ne f her favurite fds. When peple heard abut this, they all wanted t try it and s the pizza Margherita was brn.
【答案】1. wh 2. eaten
3. Whenever
4. as 5. that/wh
6. be fund
7. t eat 8. bake
9. Wanting 10. which
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了汉堡、三明治和披萨三种小吃的由来。
【1题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：汉堡、三明治和披萨是世界上最受欢迎的小吃，但你有没有想过是谁首先吃了它们？引导宾语从句，根据句意可知表示“谁”，在从句中作主语，所以用wh引导，故填wh。
【2题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：汉堡最初是中世纪入侵欧洲的鞑靼人吃的小块生牛肉。分析句子可知，eat作定语修饰beef，eat和它所修饰的词small pieces f raw beef之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填eaten。
【3题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：每当他们吃的时候，他们总是把肉放在马的马鞍下，让它变软。根据句意可知此处引导让步状语从句表示“无论何时”，所以用whenever引导，句首单词首字母大写，故填Whenever。
【4题详解】
考查介词。句意：来到美国的德国人把这个食谱带到了美国，并在那里被称为汉堡。此处为动词短语be knwn as“被称之为”，as为介词，故填as。
【5题详解】
考查强调句。句意：人们说三明治是三明治四世伯爵约翰·蒙塔古发明的。本句为强调句，强调句型为“it was +被强调部分+that+其他”，被强调部分为人时，that也可以用wh代替，此处强调了主语Jhn Mntaque，为人，故填that/wh。
【6题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：大部分时间都能在那里找到他，他的一些比赛持续几个小时。主语he和find之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，前面有情态动词，be动词为原形，故填be fund。
【7题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：一天，蒙塔古没有停下来吃午饭，而是让仆人在两片面包中间夹些肉，以防牌弄脏。此处表示“停下来去做”，所以用动词短语“stp t d”，动词不定式作目的状语，故填t eat。
【8题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：1889年，意大利玛格丽塔王后邀请披萨店的厨师拉裴尔·埃斯波西托访问皇宫，并为她烤了一些披萨。和前面的t visit并列作宾补，承前省略了不定式符号t，故填bake。
【9题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：想要给女王留下好印象，拉斐尔做了一个非常特别的披萨。want和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填Wanting。
【10题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：它很大，上面有西红杮、马苏里拉奶酪和新鲜的香草，代表着红、白、绿三色的意人利国旗。先行词为the Italian flag，指物，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导，故填which。
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Satellites Can Help Us Fight Climate Change
At the beginning f 2021, President Je Biden exclaimed that “science is back” as we cntinued ur effrts t ____11____ the COVID emergency. That phrase cntinues t ring true acrss the federal gvernment. Science and its applicatins are being used at every agency t deal with public health ____12____, build new transprtatin infrastructure, infrm plicy decisins and tackle the climate crisis.
Recently the Interir Department’s U.S. Gelgical Survey assumed ____13____ f Landsat 9 frm NASA, which built and launched it in 2021.This satellite is designed t ____14____ Earth’s land, water and ther natural resurces. Landsat missins supprt envirnmental sustainability and climate resilience. The Landsat prgram, which launched in July 1972, has helped us understand ur planet and the changes that are ccurring n it. That partnership has prpelled research and bservatin frward thrugh the launch f ____15____ Landsat satellites, each replacing its predecessrs and wrking in tandem with new capabilities and strengths.
I attended the histric launch f Landsat 9 in Califrnia. It was nthing ____16____ f amazing. I tured the missin cntrl center and met a yung scientist frm the Navaj Natin living far away frm hme. She uses Landsat ____17____ t see her hme frm many miles away, and with such data, she enables her cmmunity t manage water resurces in the face f a changing climate. This is the pwer and beauty f science at wrk.
All arund the glbe, scientists are using Landsat and ther imagery t interpret what is happening n Earth tday and t cmpare it with the 50 years’ ____18____ f data the Landsat prgram has cllected.
This science-based prgram and thse like it acrss federal agencies are pwerful tls in ur effrts t respnsibly manage ur resurces. Their priritizatin helps t demnstrate the Biden-Harris administratin’s cmmitment t lead with science. S, t, the resurces prvided thrugh the president’s Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and Inflatin Reductin Act will be key t the develpment f lnger-term sustainability measures as we ____19____ t climate change, including building mre resilient cmmunities and prtecting ur natural envirnment.
Landsat NEXT is the upcming missin we will develp with NASA t pwer better science and decisin-making fr the next 50 years. Science is indeed ____20____ us n a path t a brighter future.
【答案】11. E
12. B 13. K 14. D 15. J 16. I 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. H
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了陆地卫星的作用和意义。
【11题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2021年初，乔·拜登总统在我们继续努力应对新冠疫情紧急情况时感叹“科学回来了”。分析句子结构可知，不定式符号t后填动词原形，结合句意可知填动词navigate，navigate意为“找到正确方法(对付困难复杂的情况)”。故选E项。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：每个机构都在利用科学及其应用来应对公共卫生挑战、建设新的交通基础设施、为政策决策提供信息和应对气候危机。结合句意可知填challenges(挑战)，public health challenges作deal with的宾语。故选B项。
【13题详解】
考查名词。句意：最近，美国内政部地质调查局从2021年建造并发射的美国国家航空航天局获得了陆地卫星9号的价值。分析句子结构可知，谓语assumed(取得)后缺少宾语，故填不可数名词wrth(价值)，符合句意。故选K项。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：这颗卫星旨在监测地球的土地、水和其他自然资源。分析句子结构可知，不定式符号t后填动词原形，结合句意可知填动词mnitr，mnitr意为“监测”。故选D项。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种伙伴关系通过连续发射陆地资源卫星推动了研究和观测的发展，每颗卫星都取代了前一颗卫星，并以新的能力和优势协同工作。分析句子结构可知，名词短语Landsat satellites前应用形容词修饰。结合“each replacing its predecessrs(每一个都取代其前任)”,可知发射的卫星不止一个，故填successive(连续的，相继的)，作定语。故选J项。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这简直令人惊异。nthing shrt f(简直，无异于)为固定短语。此处表达这种吃惊的心情，故本空选I。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：她利用地球资源卫星成像技术从数英里外看到她的家，有了这些数据，她使她的社区能够在气候变化的情况下管理水资源。结合上下文可知，运用成像技术才能看到她的家，故本空填imaging(成像)，Landsat imaging作uses的宾语。故选C项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在全球范围内，科学家们正在使用地球资源卫星和其他图像来解释今天地球上正在发生的事情，并将其与地球资源卫星项目50年来收集的数据操作进行比较。由50year's判断本空为名词，故填peratins(操作，运行)符合句意。故选F。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：因此，通过总统的《两党基础设施法》和《通胀削减法》提供的资源也将是我们在应对气候变化时制定长期可持续性措施的关键，包括建设更具韧性的社区和保护我们的自然环境。分析句子结构可知，空前的as为时间状语从句的引导词，本空为句子谓语。respnd t(对……作出反应)为固定短语，结合空后的t和句意可知，本空填respnd。故选G项。
【20题详解】
考查动词。句意：科学确实使我们走上了一条通往更光明未来的道路。set sb. n path t(使某人走上……的道路)为固定短语，结合空后的a path t和句意可知，本空填setting，和空前的is构成现在进行时。故选H项。
The Bk f the Millennium
When I was a graduate student in Oxfrd many years ag, I shared a huse with a brilliant German sinlgist (汉学家). Many visitrs wuld pp int ur huse, and ne night arund the kitchen table I met a(n)____21____character. His name was David Hawkes. A(n) ____22____ linguist, he directed Japanese cdebreakers in his early twenties, during Wrld War II. Later, as a teacher, he did wnderful translatin f Sngs f the Suth (楚辞), part f a petic traditin earlier than anything that has ____23____ in the West. Then he became a prfessr f Chinese at Oxfrd, but, as he put it, “I resigned in rder t ____24____ my time t translating a Chinese nvel…Well, the Chinese nvel.”
The bk was Dream f the Red Chamber, written by Ca Xueqin. British ____25____ Anthny West wrte in The New Yrkerin 1958 that the nvel is t Chinese literature “very much what The Brthers Karamazv is t Russian and Remembrance f Things Past is t French literature” and that “it is ____26____ ne f the great nvels f all literature.”
Hawkes eventually cmpleted his great endeavr, with the help f his sn-in-law Jhn Minfrd, wh ____27____the last tw vlumes f the five, which were published by Penguin between 1973 and 1986. Hawkes’ translatin was ____28____ as an intrductin t a “masterpiece”.
Dream f the Red Chamber was written in the 1750s “by a great artist with his very lifebld,” said Hawkes. It is full f ____29____ detail f the scial, cultural and spiritual life f the time. Studying it fr nn-Chinese readers has never perhaps been mre useful. At a time when _____30_____ f Chinese culture and identity is increasingly necessary because f the cuntry’s new internatinal rle, getting insights int the heart f Chinese culture thrugh a nvel _____31_____ recgnized as ne f the mst influential prduced in the Chinese language wuld seem as uncntrversial statement. Ca’s wrk while seen as essentially lcal and Chinese, is abut _____32_____ and the nature f human experience. That transcends the _____33_____ f a particular language and cntext in which the nvel is set.
The bk as it stands in the Penguin versin runs t 2500 pages — twice as lng as War and Peace. _____34_____ at first because f the large number f characters and their difficult names (t a nn-Chinese reader). But nce yu are int it, it is a bk int which the reader can cmpletely _____35_____ themselves; it is like anything else in all f literature.
21. A. arrgantB. fascinatingC. humrusD. respnsible
22. A. decisiveB. frustratedC. generusD. talented
23. A. cpiedB. launchedC. revisedD. survived
24. A. addictB. devteC. expseD. reduce
25. A. criticB. criticalC. criticismD. criticize
26. A. beynd questinB. in dubtC. in questinD. ut f the questin
27. A. gatheredB. bughtC. sldD. translated
28. A. apprvedB. appintedC. electedD. greeted
29. A. bringB. fakeC. imaginaryD. incredible
30. A. appreciatinB. definitinC. determinatinD. ppsitin
31. A. barelyB. criticallyC. speciallyD. universally
32. A. humanityB. mdernityC. persnalityD. sincerity
33. A. bundariesB. circlesC. perspectivesD. spaces
34. A. Never-endingB. Hard-gingC. Labr-savingD. Recrd-breaking
35. A. changeB. immerseC. persuadeD. reduce
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了David Hawkes和其女婿共同翻译了中国古典小说——《红楼梦》，并介绍了阅读该小说的意义等。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多客人会突然来到我们家，有一天晚上，在厨房的桌子旁，我遇到了一个迷人的人物。A. arrgant傲慢的；B. fascinating迷人的；C. humrus幽默的；D. respnsible负责任的。根据下文描述可知，这位客人才华横溢，非常有吸引力。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一名极有天赋的语言学家，他在二战期间20岁出头的时候指导了日本密码的破译工作。A. decisive决定性的；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. generus慷慨的；D. talented有天赋的。根据下文“he directed Japanese cdebreakers in his early twenties, during Wrld War II.”可知，David Hawkes帮助破译密码，由此可知，David Hawkes是个很有天赋的语言学家。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，作为一名教师，他翻译了《楚辞》，这是西方诗歌传统的一部分，比任何幸存下来的东西都要早。A. cpied复制；B. launched发射；C. revised校订；D. survived幸存。根据空前的“earlier”可知，这里指的是比西方传统的诗歌都要早，而这些诗歌则是从过去幸存下来的。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，他成为牛津大学的中文教授，但正如他所说，“我辞职是为了把时间花在翻译一部中国小说上……嗯，是中国小说。”A. addict使……上瘾；B. devte致力；C. expse揭露；D. reduce减少。根据句意可知，本句指的是David Hawkes辞职的目的是为了翻译一部中国小说。短语：devte…t ding sth.，意为“投入……做某事”。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查词性辨析辨析。句意：英国评论家Anthny West于1958年在《纽约时报》上写道，这部小说之于中国文学，“就像《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》之于俄罗斯文学，《追忆似水年华》之于法国文学”，“毫无疑问，它是所有文学作品中最伟大的小说之一”。A. critic评论家；B. critical批评的；C. criticism批评；D. criticize批评。根据下文“Anthny West”可知，这里指的是一个评论家。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：英国评论家Anthny West于1958年在《纽约时报》上写道，这部小说之于中国文学，“就像《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》之于俄罗斯文学，《追忆似水年华》之于法国文学”，“毫无疑问，它是所有文学作品中最伟大的小说之一”。A. beynd questin毫无疑问；B. in dubt怀疑；C. in questin正在考虑中；D. ut f the questin不可能。根据上文“the nvel is t Chinese literature “very much what The Brthers Karamazv is t Russian and Remembrance f Things Past is t French literature”可知，他认为这部小说是非常伟大的小说。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终在他的女婿Jhn Minfrd的帮助下，Hawkes完成了他的伟大努力，并于1973年至1986年由企鹅出版社出版，他的女婿翻译了五卷中的最后两卷。A. gathered聚集；B. bught买；C. sld卖；D. translated翻译。根据上文可知，Hawkes辞职是为了完成《红楼梦》的翻译。由此判断，他的女婿翻译了最后两卷。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hawkes的翻译被视为一部“杰作”的开端。A. apprved同意；B. appinted委派；C. elected选举；D. greeted问候。根据上文可知，Hawkes认为《红楼梦》的艺术价值极高，而他的翻译也被视作是这部小说进入西方文化的开端。考查短语：be greeted as，意为“被视作……”。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它充满了当时社会、文化和精神生活的令人难以置信的细节。A. bring无聊的；B. fake假的；C. imaginary想象中的；D. incredible难以置信的。根据上文“Dream f the Red Chamber was written in the 1750s “by a great artist with his very lifebld,” said Hawkes.”可知，Hawkes认为作者曹雪芹是一位伟大的艺术家，这部小说倾注了作者毕生的心血，由此判断，书中的细节都真实地令人难以置信。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于中国新的国际角色，对中国文化和身份的了解越来越有必要，通过一部被普遍认为最具影响力的中文小说之一，深入了解中国文化的核心，似乎是一个无可争议的声明。A. appreciatin了解；B. definitin下定义；C. determinatin决心；D. ppsitin反对。根据下文“because f the cuntry’s new internatinal rle”可推断，中国在国际上的地位正在上升，所以对中国文化和身份的了解非常有必要。故选A。
31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于中国新的国际角色，对中国文化和身份的欣赏越来越有必要，通过一部被普遍认为最具影响力的中文小说之一，深入了解中国文化的核心，似乎是一个无可争议的声明。A. barely几乎不；B. critically批评性地；C. specially尤其；D. universally普遍地。根据常理推测，《红楼梦》被人们普遍认为是最具影响力的中文小说。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：曹雪芹的作品虽然被认为本质上是本地的和中国的，但却是关于人性和人类经验的本质。A. humanity人性；B. mdernity现代化；C. persnality个性；D. sincerity真诚。根据空后“the nature f human experience”可知，空处内容与之相似，指的是关于人类经验的本质，根据《红楼梦》的内容可知，该小说还讲述了人性。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这超越了小说所处的特定语言和语境的界限。A. bundaries边界；B. circles圆圈；C. perspectives看法；D. spaces空间。根据空前的“transcend”以及空后“a particular language and cntext in which the nvel is set.”可知，本句指的是超越了小说所处的语言和语境的界限。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始很难，因为大量的人物和他们的名字很难(对非中文读者)。A. Never-ending不停的；B. Hard-ging难以进行；C. Labr-saving省工的；D. Recrd-breaking破纪录的。根据空后“because f the large number f characters and their difficult names (t a nn-Chinese reader).”可知，由于《红楼梦》中大量人物和其名字，所以非中文读者一开始阅读的时候会有点困难。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，一旦你进入其中，这是一本读者可以完全沉浸其中的书；它就像所有文学作品中的其他作品一样。A. change改变；B. immerse使沉浸（于）；C. persuade劝服；D. reduce减少。根据上文“nce yu are int it”可知，此处指的是读者沉浸在书本之中。故选B。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
While I was in hspital, a friend recmmended a ppular nline series f daily meditatins, a “can’t affrd t miss” in his mind. Mstly, the mrning nes were impssible t d as the hspital rutine starts at half past five, s I mstly listened the evening nes, which were very helpful. Once, hwever, I managed the mrning ne, which talked abut the imprtance f ding smething r creating smething which will survive us.
The wrks f great pets and writers cme t mind, but hw many f us will write the next David Cpperfield, r Ode t Autumn? Sprting triumphs als ccur: the breaking f the fur minute mile fr instance. But again, hw many f us are great athletes? S what can we d?
Shakespeare writes, “The evil men d lives after them; the gd is ft interred (ften buried) with their bnes.” Fr nce, hwever, I think Shakespeare is wrng. I think the gd we d can live after we have gne. Sir Terry Pratchett writes, “A man is nt truly dead while his name is still spken,” and I think that is mre true. Perhaps we cannt expect ur name t be remembered fr hundreds r thusands f years, but t be remembered with kindness and even thankfulness after we’ve gne is surely smething t strive fr.
I had tw grannies when I was grwing up. One was my mther’s mther; the ther was ur cusin’s grandmther n their father’s side. Our wn grandmther died yung, s this lvely lady adpted us as her hnrary grandchildren.
Granny was the mst lvely and lving lady yu culd imagine. There were always cakes in the tin and a warm welcme whenever we visited, there were small presents at Christmas and n ur birthdays, and we lved her dearly. It was nly when I attended her funeral that I realized hw far her lve extended: the church was packed, and tale after tale was tld f her kindness. Her name was — and pssibly still is — spken lng after her death.
I wish I culd say the same f my ther grandmther, but I can’t. My mther talks abut her, but I dn’t; there is n pint in talking abut unkindness.
When I annunced my retirement, a cuple f mnths ag, I was stunned t receive s many emails and letters f thanks. My patients really appreciate all that I have dne fr them. That will last after I’m gne and spread dwn thrugh generatins.
36. Which f the fllwing statements will the authr prbably agree with abut the nline meditatin?
A. The evening meditatin are mre imprtant than the mrning nes.
B. The nline meditatin receive mre attentin in the evening.
C. The mrning meditatin are difficult t use in daily life.
D. The nline meditatin are wrthy f the name.
37. The authr quted Sir Terry Pratchett’s wrds in rder t __________.
A. supprt Shakespeare’s statement n the afterlife
B. argue that greatness is the nly way t be remembered
C. emphasize the imprtance f kindness t rdinary peple
D. criticize the idea that nly evil deeds are remembered
38. Which f the fllwing statements it TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. The authr’s granny n mther’s side was a kind persn.
B. Shakespeare believed the gdness fades far sner than the evil.
C. A man’s cntributin is highly dependent n their achievements.
D. Peple were happy t knw the retirement f the authr.
39. We can mst prbably find this passage in a __________.
A. magazine featuring famus athletes
B. blg pst by a dctr wh recently retired
C. bk abut the imprtance f creating a legend
D. medical jurnal discussing the benefits f meditatin
【答案】36. D 37. D 38. B 39. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者认为当一个人的名字还在被人念叨时，他并没有真正死去，而只要我们多做善事，会死后继续传承下去，代代相传。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“While I was in hspital, a friend recmmended a ppular nline series f daily meditatins, a “can’t affrd t miss” in his mind. Mstly, the mrning nes were impssible t d as the hspital rutine starts at half past five, s I mstly listened the evening nes, which were very helpful.(在我住院期间，一位朋友向我推荐了一个网上流行的每日冥想系列，在他看来，这是一个“不能错过的”。大多数情况下，早上的是不可能做的，因为医院的日常工作在五点半开始，所以我主要听晚上的，这很有帮助)”可知，作者认为在线冥想是名副其实的。故选D项。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Shakespeare writes, “The evil men d lives after them; the gd is ft interred (ften buried) with their bnes.” Fr nce, hwever, I think Shakespeare is wrng. I think the gd we d can live after we have gne. Sir Terry Pratchett writes, “A man is nt truly dead while his name is still spken,” and I think that is mre true.(莎士比亚写道:“恶人死后永生; 好人往往和他们的尸骨一起被埋葬。”然而，这一次，我认为莎士比亚错了。我认为我们所做的好事可以在我们死后继续存在。特里·普拉切特爵士写道:“当一个人的名字还在被人念叨时，他并没有真正死去。”我认为这句话更贴切)”可知，作者引用特里·普拉切特爵士的话是为了批评那种认为只有邪恶的行为才会被记住的观点。故选D项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Shakespeare writes, “The evil men d lives after them; the gd is ft interred (ften buried) with their bnes.”(莎士比亚写道:“恶人死后永生; 好人往往和他们的尸骨一起被埋葬。”)”可知，莎士比亚相信善比恶消逝得更快。故选B项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Once, hwever, I managed the mrning ne, which talked abut the imprtance f ding smething r creating smething which will survive us.(然而，有一次，我读到了早晨的那篇，它讲的是做一些事情或创造一些东西的重要性，这些事情将使我们生存下去)”最后一段“When I annunced my retirement, a cuple f mnths ag, I was stunned t receive s many emails and letters f thanks. My patients really appreciate all that I have dne fr them.(几个月前，当我宣布退休时，我震惊地收到了如此多的电子邮件和感谢信。我的病人真的很感激我为他们所做的一切)”以及纵观全文，可知，这是一位退休医生的人生感悟，所以可能是一个最近退休的医生写的博客。故选B项。
(B)
Each ne f us shares this planet with seven billin ther individuals. And we all need transprtatin. The majrity f cars, mtrcycles, bats and planes cause pllutin. They are als nisy. This is a serius prblem in many cities. S inventrs are cming up with innvative ideas t try t reduce the pllutin and nise.
By Land
In many cities arund the wrld, mtrcycles are becming increasingly ppular. Currently, Vietnam has arund 33 millin mtrcycles. China has almst 120 millin. The cnvenience f these mtrcycles cmes at a cst. Air pllutin is a grwing prblem. In large cities, peple ften cmplain it is difficult t breathe. They als cmplain abut the nise.
T slve these prblems, a U.S. cmpany designed an envirnmentally friendly mtrcycle. It uses electricity as fuel. Yu can drive it fr 40 miles (64 kilmeters) befre recharging the battery.
It is als quiet and fast-60 miles (96 kilmeters) per hur. This makes it a gd chice fr getting arund a city.
By Water
The Italian city f Venice is a city with nly a few rads. There are n cars in the city center. Instead f cars, water taxis and buses carry peple alng the city’s canals. The engines f these bats are simple and cheap. Hwever, they cause pllutin, particularly t the water. This causes damage t the city’s buildings.
English mechanics Dick Strawbridge and Jem Stans designed a slar-pwered water taxi. The slar panels charge three electric batteries. These, in turn, prvide pwer t the engine. The water taxi can carry six passengers. It can run fr a day. In the future, slar taxis culd be an alternative t Venice’s current taxis.
By Air
Designing an envirnmentally friendly airplane is a real challenge. Planes use an enrmus amunt f jet fuel. This means they cause significant air pllutin, and they are very nisy. Sme majr airplane manufacturers have started t address the prblems. They are using cleaner fuels, fr example. Hwever, Swiss engineers have gne ne step further. They develped a slar airplane — the Slar Impulse. Slar panels cver its wings. These panels prvide pwer t fur electric mtrs and batteries. The batteries allw the plane t fly at night. This plane hlds the wrld recrd fr the lngest slar-pwered flight — 985 miles (1541 kilmeters) frm Arizna t Texas in the United States.
40. What d the three innvative ideas prpsed have in cmmn?
A. They aim t slve traffic prblems in big cities.
B. They use cleaner energy and cause less pllutin.
C. They aim t change traditinal way f transprting gds.
D. They are gd will f develped cuntries t help develping cuntries.
41. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE?
A. China wns the largest number f mtrcycles.
B. There are n cars in the center f Venice city.
C. Slar-pwered water taxi can run fr a day with ne battery at wrk.
D. The newly designed mtrcycle can drive 60 miles after being charged.
42. Accrding t the passage, the distinguished merit f Slar Impulse is ________.
A. lighter wingsB. less nise
C. pwerful batteriesD. lngest slar panels
【答案】40. B 41. B 42. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了几款新的减少污染和噪音的交通工具。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“And we all need transprtatin. The majrity f cars, mtrcycles, bats and planes cause pllutin. They are als nisy. This is a serius prblem in many cities. S inventrs are cming up with innvative ideas t try t reduce the pllutin and nise.(我们都需要交通工具。大多数汽车、摩托车、船和飞机造成污染。它们也很吵。这在许多城市都是一个严重的问题。因此，发明家们想出了创新的想法，试图减少污染和噪音)”，By Land下第二段的“It uses electricity as fuel. (它使用电力作为燃料)”，By Water下第二段的“The slar panels charge three electric batteries. These, in turn, prvide pwer t the engine.(太阳能电池板为三个电池充电。这些反过来又为发动机提供动力)”和By Air下的“Sme majr airplane manufacturers have started t address the prblems. They are using cleaner fuels, fr example. (一些主要的飞机制造商已经开始着手解决这些问题。例如，他们正在使用更清洁的燃料)”可知，提出的三个创新想法，它们使用更清洁的能源，造成更少的污染。故选B项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题By Water下第一段的“The Italian city f Venice is a city with nly a few rads. There are n cars in the city center.(意大利城市威尼斯是一个只有几条道路的城市。市中心没有汽车)”可知，威尼斯市中心没有汽车，B项正确。故选B项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“They develped a slar airplane — the Slar Impulse. Slar panels cver its wings. These panels prvide pwer t fur electric mtrs and batteries. The batteries allw the plane t fly at night. This plane hlds the wrld recrd fr the lngest slar-pwered flight—985 miles (1541 kilmeters) frm Arizna t Texas in the United States.(他们开发了一架太阳能飞机——“阳光动力号”。太阳能电池板覆盖着它的翅膀。这些面板为四个电动机和电池提供电力。电池使飞机能在夜间飞行。这架飞机保持着最长太阳能飞行的世界纪录——从美国亚利桑那州到德克萨斯州，飞行了985英里(1541公里))”可推知，阳光动力号的电池使飞机能在夜间飞行一整夜，所以它有强大的电池。故选C项。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Cnflict in Literature
What makes a bk r mvie exciting? What makes yu want t keep reading t find ut what happens r stay until the end f the mvie? Cnflict. Yes, cnflict. ____43____ Mst stries are written t have characters, a setting and a plt, but what sets apart a truly great stry frm the ne that might nt finish reading is cnflict.
Basically, we can define cnflict as a struggle between ppsing frces — tw characters, a character and nature, r even an internal struggle — cnflict prvides a level f wrry int a stry that engages the reader and makes him r her invested in finding ut what happens. ____44____
First, yu need t understand the different types f cnflict, which can essentially be brken dwn int tw categries: internal and external cnflict. ____45____ An external cnflict is ne in which the character faces a challenge with an external frce, like anther character, an act f nature, r even sciety.
____46____ Mst stries fcus n ne particular cnflict, but it’s als pssible that a stry can cntain mre than ne.
A. S hw d yu best create cnflict?
B. Frm there, we can break dwn cnflict int seven different examples.
C. By understanding what stands between characters and their gals what can we d next?
D. An internal cnflict tends t be ne in which the main character struggles with himself, such as a decisin he needs t make r a weakness he has t vercme.
E. When a cnflict is reslved and the reader discvers which frce r character succeeds, it creates a sense f clsure.
F. It is a necessary element f any stry, driving the stry frward and frcing the reader t stay up all night reading in hpes f sme srt f clsure.
【答案】43. F 44. A 45. D 46. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是文学冲突以及冲突的类型等。
【43题详解】
根据上文“What makes a bk r mvie exciting? What makes yu want t keep reading t find ut what happens r stay until the end f the mvie? Cnflict. Yes, cnflict.(是什么让一本书或一部电影令人兴奋？是什么让你想一直读下去，看看到底发生了什么，或者一直读到电影结束？冲突。是的，冲突)”以及后文“Mst stries are written t have characters, a setting and a plt, but what sets apart a truly great stry frm the ne that might nt finish reading is cnflict.(大多数故事都有角色、背景和情节，但真正伟大的故事与那些可能读不完的故事的区别在于冲突)”可知，本句与后文并列，都是在说明冲突的作用：是任何故事的必要元素，推动故事向前发展，迫使读者熬夜阅读，希望能有个了结。故F选项“它是任何故事的必要元素，推动故事向前发展，迫使读者熬夜阅读，希望能有个了结”符合语境，故选F。
【44题详解】
根据上文“Basically, we can define cnflict as a struggle between ppsing frces — tw characters, a character and nature, r even an internal struggle — cnflict prvides a level f wrry int a stry that engages the reader and makes him r her invested in finding ut what happens.(基本上，我们可以将冲突定义为对立力量之间的斗争——两个角色，一个角色和自然，甚至是一种内部斗争——冲突为故事提供了一定程度的担忧，吸引读者，让他或她投入到找出发生了什么)”以及后文“First, yu need t understand the different types f cnflict, which can essentially be brken dwn int tw categries: internal and external cnflict.(首先，你需要了解不同类型的冲突，它可以被分为两类：内部冲突和外部冲突)”可知，上文提到了冲突的作用，后文则在说明冲突的类型，即如何更好地制造冲突。故A选项“那么如何才能最好地制造冲突呢？”符合语境，故选A。
【45题详解】
根据后文“An external cnflict is ne in which the character faces a challenge with an external frce, like anther character, an act f nature, r even sciety.(外部冲突指的是角色面临来自外部力量的挑战，就像另一个角色，一种自然行为，甚至是社会)”可知，后文提到了外部冲突的概念，可知本句是在说明内部冲突。故D选项“内部冲突往往是主角与自己的斗争，比如他需要做出的决定或他必须克服的弱点”符合语境，故选D。
【46题详解】
根据后文“Mst stries fcus n ne particular cnflict, but it’s als pssible that a stry can cntain mre than ne.(大多数故事都专注于一个特定的冲突，但也有可能一个故事包含多个冲突)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应与上一段构成因果关系，说明冲突可以被分解成多少个例子。故B选项“由此，我们可以将冲突分解为七个不同的例子”符合语境，故选B。
IV. Translatin (3%+3%+4%)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
47. 大多数学生都认为必须禁止在课堂上使用手机。(majrity) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The majrity f students find it necessary t ban mbile phnes in class
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和it作形式宾语。表示“大多数学生”用the majrity f students，作主语；表示“认为必须做某事”用find it necessary t d sth.，it作形式宾语；表示“禁止在课堂上使用手机”翻译为ban mbile phnes in class。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为The majrity f students find it necessary t ban mbile phnes in class.
48. 这些插图精美的书籍非常吸引家里有小孩子的母亲。(appeal) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The beautifully illustrated bks are very appealing t mthers with small children. /The beautifully illustrated bks appeal t mthers with small children very much.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“这些插图精美的书籍”用the beautifully illustrated bks，作主语；表示“非常吸引”短语为be very appealing t sb.或appeal t sb. very much；表示“家里有小孩子的母亲”翻译为mthers with small children。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故翻译为The beautifully illustrated bks are very appealing t mthers with small children. /The beautifully illustrated bks appeal t mthers with small children very much.
49. 外来务工人员，不仅能够快速适应城市的快节奏生活，而且能为城市的繁荣兴旺做出巨大的贡献。(adapt) (汉译英)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Migrant wrkers can nt nly quickly adapt (themselves) t the fast pace f the city, but als make great cntributins t the prsperity f the city.
【解析】
【详解】考查并列句、动词短语及名词短语。整个句子可以被nt nly... but als...句型引导，在nt nly这个分句中，主语是“外来务工人员”，翻译为“Migrant wrkers”，谓语是“迅速适应”，翻译为“quickly adapt (themselves) t”，宾语是“城市的快节奏生活”，翻译为“the fast pace f the city”；在but als这个分句中，主语还是务工人员，所以无需再翻译一遍，谓语是“做出巨大贡献”，翻译为“make great cntributins t”，宾语是“城市的繁荣兴旺”，翻译为“the prsperity f the city”。整个句子表达客观现象，应用一般现在时。故翻译为Migrant wrkers can nt nly quickly adapt (themselves) t the fast pace f the city, but als make great cntributins t the prsperity f the city.
V. Guided Writing (13%)
50 Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学高中学生李明，最近在一本英语杂志上读到一篇关于青少年心理状态的文章。文中提出与20年前的青少年相比，如今的青少年更加不快乐。你对此话题很感兴趣，请写一封信给该报社的编辑，表达你的想法，内容须包括：
1. 导致该现象的原因
2. 相应的建议
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Editr,
I am Li Ming, a student in Ming qi Middle Schl. Recently, I read an article abut the mental state f teenagers which mentined that cmpared t the teenagers 20 years ag, tday’s teenagers are unhappier. I am writing t express my pinin abut this phenmenn.
Many peple think tday’s teenagers shuld be happier than befre. Hwever, that’s nt the case. First f all, tday’s teenagers have mre difficulty in getting alng with thers. It makes them feel lnely. Secndly, nwadays, teenagers suffer frm t much pressure f study, which makes them easier t be depressed.
Therefre, actin must be taken t imprve it. T begin with, teenagers shuld be encuraged t take many activities t frm harmnius interpersnal relatinship. Besides, parents als need t pay mre attentin t their children’s mental health. As we all knw, gd listening can always shw respect, prmte understanding and make things better. I am cnvinced that with ur jint effrts, the situatin will be gradually imprved.
Yurs sincerely ,
Li Ming
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给某英语杂志的编辑写封信，表达你对青少年不开心这一现象的看法以及建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
鼓励：encurage→inspire/mtivate
此外：besides → what’s mre
采取措施：take actin→ take measures
关注：pay attentin t →fcus n
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：First f all, tday’s teenagers have mre difficulty in getting alng with thers. It makes them feel lnely.
拓展句：First f all, tday’s teenagers have mre difficulty in getting alng with thers, which makes them feel lnely.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, I read an article abut the mental state f teenagers which mentined that cmpared t the teenagers 20 years ag, tday’s teenagers are unhappier.（运用了which引导的定语从句和非谓语动词作状语）
【高分句型2】I am cnvinced that with ur jint effrts, the situatin will be gradually imprved.（运用了that引导宾语从句）
听力答案：1-5 DCABB 6-10 AABAD 11-15 CCDBD 16-20 CCBADA. address B. challenges C. imaging D. mnitr E. navigate F. peratins G. respnd
H. setting I. shrt J. successive K. wrth
相关试卷
上海市浦东新区江镇中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题： 这是一份上海市浦东新区江镇中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题，文件包含上海市江镇中学2023-2024学年第二学期第二次阶段测试原卷docx、上海市江镇中学2023-2024学年第二学期第二次阶段测试答案分析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共24页， 欢迎下载使用。
上海市青浦高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）： 这是一份上海市青浦高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含上海市青浦高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题原卷版docx、上海市青浦高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共38页， 欢迎下载使用。
上海市七宝中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语试题（原卷版+解析版）： 这是一份上海市七宝中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含上海市七宝中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语试题原卷版docx、上海市七宝中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共44页， 欢迎下载使用。
